Behavioral Grooves Podcast

What makes us more likely to believe in conspiracy theories? Can our religious beliefs or political affiliations determine whether we're less likely to believe in scientific facts? Why are health conspiracy theories some of the most widely believed notions? We revisit a conversation with Eric Oliver who talks us through the factors that drive people towards conspiracy theories. Eric Oliver, PhD is a Professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago. Although the majority of his work is squarely in the realm of how we view our political systems and make political decisions, some of his work echoes moral psychology and sociology, and we find it fascinating. And, frankly, some of it is just downright fun to talk about. Eric’s observations come from more than 20 years of research, dozens of peer-reviewed papers, and he is the author of 5 books on political science. We specifically talked about how liberals and conservatives name their children, the rise of intuitionism, having dinner with a sports star rather than a rock star, and of course, he spoke in-depth about conspiracy theories. Most importantly, he walked us through some key aspects of how to have a conversation with someone who is on the opposite side of the conspiracy-theory belief system and, interestingly enough, it begins with empathy. Listen to the entire episode to hear all his insights and research anecdotes. They’ll put a smile on your face as well as fresh ideas into your brain! We have been fans of his work for some time and are grateful that Eric shared his insights with us. We think you’ll become a fan, too, if you’re not already one. [NOTE: This episode is republished from our interview with Eric in episode #172 from Sept 2020.] © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Topics (3:17) Welcome and speed round. (10:17) What characteristics predict whether you will believe in conspiracy theories? (19:24) People rely on heuristics in times of uncertainty. (24:48) Have conspiracy theories increased since Covid? (27:03) What factors make us more likely to believe conspiracy theories? (32:36) Do religious people tend to believe more in conspiracy theories? (38:47) Why Donald Trump appeals to conspiracy theorists. (42:50) How to talk to your relatives about their conspiracy theories? (45:33) What music does Eric listen to? (53:19) Grooving session with Tim and Kurt discussing Eric's work. Links Eric Oliver, PhD: https://political-science.uchicago.edu/directory/eric-oliver Jonathan Haidt, PhD: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan_Haidt James Frazer, “The Golden Bough”: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Golden_Bough Katherine Surma on Credulity: https://www.jericoliver.com/uploads/1/1/8/9/118973414/surmaoliver3.5.18-final.pdf Laurie Santos, PhD: The Joe Effect: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GimHHAID_P0 Steve Kerr: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Kerr Colin Kaepernick: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colin_Kaepernick Charles Manson: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson Andy Luttrell, Episode 175: Pro’s and Con’s of Persuasion When Issues are Moralized: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/andy-luttrell-pros-and-cons-of-persuasion-when-issues-are-moralized/ Kwame Christian, Episode 178: On Compassionate Curiosity, Social Justice Conversations, and Cinnamon Toast Crunch: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/kwame-christian-on-compassionate-curiosity-social-justice-conversations-and-cinnamon-toast-crunch/ Musical Links LCD Sound System: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lqq3BtGrpU8 Kurt Weil: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurt_Weill Phillip Glass: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M73x3O7dhmg Keith Richards and Chuck Berry: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ERVLy-ltjHs

Misinformation is like a virus, spreading quickly and propagating in a way that doesn’t benefit its host. Andy Noman describes harmful ideas as acting like “mind parasites” that deploy clever tactics to infect our thinking by circumventing our mental immune systems. And we’re even more susceptible to bad ideas than we realize. So how do we immunize ourselves against mind parasites? Can we reach herd immunity? Can we critically think our way out of this epidemic of unreason? After 30 years of research on this topic, Andy has concluded that the traditional models of critical thinking are not up to the task in our hyper-connected world. We need a more comprehensive framework for inoculating our minds against viral nonsense. Andy Norman is an award-winning author who teaches philosophy at Pittsburgh’s Carnegie Mellon University. He has recently published his new book, “Mental Immunity: Infectious Ideas, Mind-Parasites, and the Search for a Better Way to Think”: https://amzn.to/3o6OjbU. We are thrilled to welcome Andy as part of our series on understanding more about Conspiracy Theories. Our conversation with Andy reveals details of his framework for strengthening our own mental immunity. We hope you enjoy listening! Subscribe to Behavioral Grooves on your podcast player so you are notified about our new episodes. Next week we will be hearing from Prof. Eric Oliver about how to talk to our friends and family about conspiracy theories. If you are a regular listener to Behavioral Grooves, please consider donating to our work through our Behavioral Grooves Patreon page: https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves. We also love reading your reviews on the podcast, which help others find our content. Topics (3:37) Welcome and speed round questions. (6:20) We are experiencing an epidemic of unreason. (8:17) How can we immunize ourselves against disinformation? (14:10) How our identity can affect our mental immunity. (17:54) A framework for mental immunity. (21:11) Thinking in probabilities instead of in black & white. (26:08) Why acknowledging other people's truths can have a surprising effect. (29:38) The objective difference between a good idea and a bad idea. (32:25) Arguing with someone who only cares about themselves. (38:54) Is there a chance we will reach mental herd immunity? (44:13) What music is on Andy’s playlist? (47:11) Grooving Session with Kurt and Tim talking about how to apply Andy’s work. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links “Mental Immunity: Infectious Ideas, Mind-Parasites, and the Search for a Better Way to Think” by Andy Norman: https://amzn.to/3o6OjbU Ludwig Wittgenstein: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein Socrates: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socrates Dan Kahan, “Identity Protective Cognition”: https://bit.ly/2YxM3Sk Episode 176: Annie Duke on How to Decide: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/annie-duke-on-how-to-decide/ Musical Links Mark Knopfler “Piper to the End”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XsrKWwx3x7o

How do you respond to someone who says “the earth is flat” or “Covid is a hoax”? Before we can try and reason with conspiracy theorists, we must first understand the reason they have ventured down that path. Lee McIntyre has spent years researching science deniers and has found a common set of traits in their behavior. He also argues that we shouldn’t sit back and assume conspiracy theories are harmless. Find out more from Lee in this episode about how to talk with science deniers and how even to change their minds about the facts. Our Conspiracy Theories Series continues this month with Lee McIntyre, author of the new book “How to Talk to a Science Denier: Conversations with Flat Earthers, Climate Deniers, and Others Who Defy Reason”: https://amzn.to/3qaV134. To gather research for the book, Lee attended a flat earth convention to understand more about the followers who believe in the flat earth conspiracy. His findings are enlightening. Lee is a Research Fellow at the Center for Philosophy and History of Science at Boston University and an Instructor in Ethics at Harvard Extension School. He’s had a distinguished career in teaching and researching issues that we found fascinating. Next week we continue our Conspiracy Theories Series with Andy Norman, author of the enthralling new book, “Mental Immunity: Infectious Ideas, Mind-Parasites, and the Search for a Better Way to Think”: https://amzn.to/3o6OjbU. We learn about how bad ideas can infect our minds and how we can boost our own mental immunity. Subscribe to Behavioral Grooves on your podcast player so you’re the first to be notified when we publish a new episode. Topics (9:33) Speed Round (11:36) Lee’s experience attending a Flat Earth Convention. (14:56) How people become convinced by conspiracy theories. (17:09) The value of having face to face conversations. (22:10) How to have those difficult conversations with your family and friends. (26:08) The 5 common traits of science deniers. (31:31) Is the educational system really teaching us about how science works? (36:23) Why should we take science deniers seriously? (38:53) Why is science denial growing? (43:27) Political identity and science denial. (58:14) The music that got Lee through Covid (1:06:14) Grooving Session with Tim and Kurt discussing what they talked about with Lee. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links “How to Talk to a Science Denier: Conversations with Flat Earthers, Climate Deniers, and Others Who Defy Reason” by Lee McIntyre: https://amzn.to/3qaV134 McIntyre, L. “Calling all Physicists” American Journal of Physics 87, 694 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1119/1.5117828 Beyond the Curve documentary: https://www.netflix.com/title/81015076 “Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Climate Change” by Naomi Oreskes and Erik M. Conway: https://amzn.to/3q39Y7m Cranky Uncle: https://crankyuncle.com/ You’re Not So Smart Podcast: https://youarenotsosmart.com/podcast/ Behavioral Grooves Patreon page: https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves Musical Links The Beatles “Here Comes the Sun”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KQetemT1sWc The Beatles “While My Guitar Gently Weeps”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJDJs9dumZI The Beatles “Something”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UelDrZ1aFeY The Beatles “Blackbird”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Man4Xw8Xypo The Beatles “Hide your Love Away”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V8nLraecPRY The Beatles, The Medley on the Flipside of Abbey Road: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pAIUxGn9lCI The Beatles “Because”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hL0tnrl2L_U The Beatles “Strawberry Fields Forever”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HtUH9z_Oey8

Host of Hidden Brain podcast, Shankar Vedantam talks with us about the powers: both useful and harmful, of our delusional thinking. Nations are an example of useful delusions; they are an entirely human-made construct, yet they can present us with a unifying, shared identity. There is a tipping point, however, at which our beliefs can become harmful to someone else. Shankar defines conspiracy theories as a particular type of self deception which can easily escalate into harmful behavior. Our conversation with Shankar touches on the Capitol Riots in Washington DC on January 6th 2021, and how conspiracy theories influenced the behavior of the rioters. “Conspiracy theories, I think are a sort of special case of self deception, which...can easily take over into things that are deeply harmful.” The challenge most of us face though, is how to talk to our friends and family who believe in conspiracy theories. And on that point, Shankar explains the Illusion Of Explanatory Depth and how conversations with our loved ones need to start with an air of empathy and compassion. You can listen to our full interview with Shankar Vedantam in Episode 222: How Delusions Can Actually Be Useful: Shankar Vedantam Reveals How: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/shankar-vedantam-useful-delusions/. This bitesize episode is the introduction to our Conspiracy Theories Series, which will run through the month of November 2021. Over the next few weeks, you will hear from some of the brightest minds in the field of conspiracy theories and science denial. Here is our line up for the month: Nov 7th, 2021: Lee McIntyre discussing his new book, “How To Talk to A Science Denier.” Nov 14th, 2021: Andy Norman talking about his new book “Mental Immunity”. Nov 21st, 2021: Eric Oliver, a political science professor at the University of Chicago who has studied conspiracy theorists for over 20 years. Nov 28th, 2021: Howard Rankin, describing his new book “I Think Therefore I Am Wrong.” Subscribe or follow Behavioral Grooves on your podcast player so you don’t miss out on this fascinating series about conspiracy theories. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links Subscribe to the Behavioral Grooves Newsletter: https://behavioralgrooves.com/ Write a review of Behavioral Grooves podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/behavioral-grooves-podcast/id1303870112 Behavioral Grooves Patreon page: https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves Shankar Vedantam, Episode 222. How Delusions Can Actually Be Useful: Shankar Vedantam Reveals How: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/shankar-vedantam-useful-delusions/ Shankar Vedantam of Hidden Brain: https://hiddenbrain.org/ Shankar Vedantam, “Useful Delusions: The Power and Paradox of the Self-Deceiving Brain”: https://amzn.to/2PUkzlv

Listen to Kurt and Tim’s spooky Halloween Special about some common biases that can seem a bit scary. But don’t fear, the scariest thing about this episode is actually Kurt and Tim’s jokes! Find out why some biases are a bit spooky, what makes us susceptible to them, and most importantly how we can overcome them. Thanks for taking the time to learn a bit about how to overcome the biases you may find impacting your life. If you’d like to support our work further, please consider donating a treat (no tricks please!) on our Patreon page: https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves. Your financial support helps with all our production costs. Links Behavioral Grooves Twitter: @behavioralgroov Kurt Nelson Twitter: @motivationguru Tim Houlihan Twitter: @thoulihan Common Biases and Heuristics: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1XHpBr0VFcaT8wIUpr-9zMIb79dFMgOVFRxIZRybiftI/edit Scary Biases: https://blog.lanterngroup.com/scary-biases Behavioral Grooves Patreon page: https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves

Rudeness is contagious, in a similar way to a virus. When experiencing a rude encounter, our brain perceives it like a threat. And once we’ve tuned in to this low-level threat, we’re more likely to notice it around us, and therefore more likely to display rude behavior ourselves. Our guest on this episode is Dr Trevor Foulk PhD, Assistant Professor of Management & Organization at the University of Maryland. His well published research on deviant workplace behaviors and workplace power dynamics, has been featured in Time magazine, Harvard Business Review, and the Wall Street Journal. Trevor walks us through what rude behavior actually is, what our evolutionary response to it is and how we can take steps to mitigate the effects of it. We are also delighted to talk about Trevor’s research around the way power changes our behavior, and what impact a feeling of paranoia can add to the dynamics. And to Tim’s delight, Trevor also boosts our understanding of how music affects work performance. Truth be told, our conversation with Trevor has opened our eyes into how rude behavior really impacts people. And in our Grooving Session, at the end of the episode, Kurt and Tim recap the ways Trevor’s research can improve our lives. If you enjoy listening to our podcast, you can become an exclusive Behavioral Grooves Patreon member at https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves. Topics (3:28) Welcome and speed round (8:38) How rudeness is contagious. (11:45) Why do we view rudeness as threatening? (13:10) The solutions to rudeness. (15:36) How our response to rudeness differs from holding a grudge. (17:52) Are certain personality types more susceptible to rudeness? (19:15) What effect does rudeness have on medical professionals? (22:59) Can gratitude have the opposite effect to rudeness? (24:27) How the Anchoring Effect is affected by rudeness. (28:43) How does a feeling of power change our behavior? (35:40) Paranoia and power. (39:51) How does music influence performance? (47:35) Grooving Session with Kurt and Tim discussing what we’ve learnt from Trevor’s interview. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links Dr Trevor Foulk PhD: https://www.rhsmith.umd.edu/directory/trevor-foulk Foulk, T.A., Woolum, A., & Erez, A. (2016). Catching rudeness is like catching a cold: The contagion effects of low-intensity negative behaviors. Journal of Applied Psychology: https://www.courts.state.co.us/userfiles/file/Administration/Probation/ResearchInBriefs/RIB_Rudeness_Apr16(1).pdf Riskin, A. Erez, A., Foulk, T.A., Kugelman, A., Gover, A., Shoris, I, Riskin, K., & Bamberger, P.A. (2015). The impact of rudeness on medical team performance: A randomized trial. Pediatrics: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26260718/ Foulk, T.A., Lanaj, K., Tu, M., Erez, A., & Archambeau, L. (2018) Heavy is the head that wears the crown: An ator-centric approach to psychological power, abusive behavior, and perceived incivility. Academy of Management Journal: https://journals.aom.org/doi/10.5465/amj.2015.1061 John Bargh: Episode 155. Dante, Coffee and the Unconscious Mind: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/john-bargh-dante-coffee-and-the-unconscious-mind/ John Bargh, Episode 248. Do We Control Situations or Do Situations Control Us? https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/control-situations-with-john-bargh/ Vanessa Bohns, Episode 253. Why You Don‘t Need to be Powerful to be Influential: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/influence-vanessa-bohns/ Musical Links Lyle Lovett and Robert Earl Keen “This Old Porch”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H1xY2pu31h4 Jim Croce “Operator”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rw01trwmul0 Rancid “Fall Back Down”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CinJuVtdp3Y Jimmy Buffett “Margaritaville”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z3HBcgxOWAQ

How do we make decisions? What factors influence the final outcome? Do default settings change our preferences? Every decision we make; from choosing something on a menu to deciding whether to be an organ donor, is influenced by our environmental context and the default selections presented to us. Professor Eric J. Johnson has distilled the latest behavioral science research into his newest book, The Elements of Choice: Why the Way We Decide Matters, and we are thrilled to talk with him about it on this episode of Behavioral Grooves. Eric is Director of the Center for Decision Sciences at Columbia Business School at Columbia University. He examines the interaction between Behavioral Decision Research, Economics and consumer decision making. The implications of his research come together in real world applications such as public policy and marketing. Eric talks with us about how options are presented to decision-makers and how framing affects choices. Our decisions are “assembled”, as Eric likes to put it, in the moment and are not necessarily pre-determined by our preferences. Choice architects have very influential power over decision-makers but Eric highlights to us that we are all designers, and with that comes a moral responsibility. Topics (3:56) How Leading Human™ can help with returning to the office. (6:28) Welcome and speed round. (8:00) How interference affects our decision making. (10:32) The controversy of organ donation defaults. (16:32) We are all designers using the tools of choice architecture. (19:21) How sludge impacts our decision making. (22:42) How context influences defaults. (26:14) What factors moderate the impact of default settings? (29:01) Making choices in the real world vs. classic economic thinking. (32:18) The effects of asking people how long they will live vs. what year they expect to die. (35:04) Smart defaults: defaults set specifically for you. (38:02) What is Query Theory? (39:15) Choice architecture around vaccinations. (42:44) What area does Eric want to research in the future? (44:44) What music does Eric default to? (52:24) Grooving Session with Kurt and Tim on how to apply Eric’s research to our lives. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links Behavioral Grooves Patreon: www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves Leading Human™ Workbook and Playbook: https://www.behavioralgrooves-store.com/products/copy-of-the-leading-human-playbook-workbook-package Leading Human™, Free Whitepaper Download: https://www.behavioralgrooves-store.com/collections/leading-human/products/human-centered-workplace-checklist Leading Human™ Workshop on Dec 14th, 2021 (more dates to be added soon): https://www.behavioralgrooves-store.com/collections/leading-human/products/leading-human-workshop Promo Code: GROOVERS to receive $20 off (limited time offer for listeners). “The Elements of Choice: Why the Way We Decide Matters” by Eric J. Johnson: https://amzn.to/39yXr20 "Do Defaults Save Lives?" by Johnson, Eric, and Daniel Goldstein. Science 302 (2003): https://www8.gsb.columbia.edu/researcharchive/articles/1275 “Sludge: What Stops Us from Getting Things Done and What to Do about It” by Cass Sunstein: https://amzn.to/3i1lLhD Tim Kachuriak, Episode 221: Donating Our Money Is Irrational, So Why Do We Do It? Tim Kachuriak Explains Our Motivations: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/why-we-donate-our-money/ “Time to Retire: Why Americans Claim Benefits Early and How to Encourage Them to Delay” In Behavioral Science and Policy (2015). Coauthor(s): Kirstin Appelt, Melissa Knoll, Eric Johnson, Jonathan Westfall: https://behavioralpolicy.org/articles/time-to-retire-why-americans-claim-benefits-early-how-to-encourage-delay/ Musical Links Eric Dolphy “Out to Lunch!”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ne6GCYO8pAc Django Reinhardt “Three-Fingered Lightning”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PQhTpgicdx4 David Grisman Quartet “Dawg Funk”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9P-FQ7xLiso Jerry Garcia “How Sweet It Is To Be Loved By You”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1_NOFuEb-yo&ab_channel=JerryGarcia Beethoven: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W-fFHeTX70Q Caroline Shaw & Sō Percussion “Let The Soil Play a Simple Part”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-cHc4n5mgNM&ab_channel=NonesuchRecords George E. Lewis “Mind In Flux” at the BBC Proms 2021: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CSvwisQ3la4 Bruce Springsteen “Tougher Than The Rest”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_91hNV6vuBY

Anxiety in the workplace has always been present, even pre-pandemic but rates of anxiety, particularly among young employees, have worsened since 2020. So what obligation do organizations have to their employees' mental health? How can managers recognize the signs of anxiety, and how can we help our colleagues with those feelings? Following our incredibly popular first episode with Chester Elton in July 2021, on showing gratitude (episode 238), we are thrilled to be talking with him again about anxiety in the workplace. As a best-selling author, speaker and executive coach, Chester, and his co-author Adrian have shown over and over again, that the key to really successful companies is really successful relationships with employees. And because of the pandemic, we wanted to talk with Chester about their most recent book; Anxiety at Work: 8 Strategies to Help Teams Build Resilience, Handle Uncertainty, and Get Stuff Done: https://amzn.to/3dr7gBK. Thank you to all of you who have subscribed to our show, written a review or shared an episode with your friends. Please also consider donating a small amount each month to our work, through our Patreon site: https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Topics (3:03) Speed round questions. (5:30) Is anxiety in the workplace increasing or decreasing? (10:11) How to manage with empathy, not just sympathy. (14:59) Unleashing employees' potential. (20:17) The number one cause of anxiety and how managers can recognize it. (23:34) Showing vulnerability as a manager. (29:12) Will people take advantage of mental health days off? (32:07) How to deal with your own perfectionism and anxiety. (36:57) The ways you can join Chester’s community. (40:22) Chester’s anti-anxiety playlist. (44:05) Chester’s kind promise to listeners. (45:00) Grooving Session discussing how to apply Chester’s insight to our lives. Books by Chester Elton and Adrian Gostick Anxiety at Work: 8 Strategies to Help Teams Build Resilience, Handle Uncertainty, and Get Stuff Done: https://amzn.to/3dr7gBK Leading with Gratitude: Eight Leadership Practices for Extraordinary Business Results: https://amzn.to/36Cy8uo All In: How the Best Managers Create a Culture of Belief and Drive Big Results: https://amzn.to/3AgtSyk The Best Team Wins: The New Science of High Performance: https://amzn.to/2USP4KN The Orange Revolution: How One Great Team Can Transform an Entire Organization: https://amzn.to/3ybULSb Links Behavioral Grooves Patreon: www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves Chester Elton: www.chesterelton.com Chester Elton, Episode 238: Who Makes You Feel Grateful? Tell Them! https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/gratitude-with-chester-elton/ We Thrive Together: www.wethrivetogether.global. A safe community to talk about anxiety and stress with over 500 members. Anxiety at Work with Adrian Gostick & Chester Elton: https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/anxiety-at-work-with-adrian-gostick-chester-elton/id1549312484 “The Boy, the Mole, the Fox and the Horse” by Charlie Mackesy: https://amzn.to/2YxRO2d Nicole Malachowski: https://bit.ly/3oCYTt5 HR Leaders Podcast with Chris Rainey: https://hrleaders.co/podcast Seth Stephens-Davidowitz, Episode 246: Are You More Honest with Google or Your Friends? https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/are-you-more-honest-with-google/ “The Heart of Business: Leadership Principles for the Next Era of Capitalism” by Hubert Joly: https://amzn.to/2YmaMZt Garry Ridge at WD-40: https://wd40company.com/our-tribe/our-tribes-leaders/ Musical Links Pharrell Williams “Happy”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZbZSe6N_BXs Monty Python, Eric Idle “Always Look on the Bright Side of Life”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJUhlRoBL8M The Beatles “Good Day Sunshine”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6e01nNA02vw The Beatles “Fixing A Hole”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UPBd8eHQqIw

What life habits keep our brain healthy? How does our mind respond to trauma? And why does the way we talk about suicide and mental health make such a difference to those who are struggling? We discuss all these topics with neuroscience researcher Dr Daniel Almeida. To mark World Mental Health Day on Sunday, Oct 10, 2021, we decided to delve into the science behind mental health. And who better to help us with this topic than Daniel who has been named as one of Forbes 30 under 30 in science. His incredible work as a neuroscience researcher in the Douglas Research Centre at McGill University in Montreal, Canada, involves psychological autopsies to understand the molecular impacts of severe childhood abuse on the brains of individuals who died by suicide. As you can imagine, this episode is full of difficult yet important topics. But what struck us most about Daniel was how upbeat and positive he is about his work and the difference it’s making to people’s lives. Daniel kindly shares his top 5 healthy brain habits that we can all adopt to improve our mental wellbeing. If you, or someone you know needs help with their mental health, please use one of the resources in the links below. Mental Health Support Suicide Prevention Lifeline (US):https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/ American Foundation for Suicide Prevention: https://afsp.org/suicide-prevention-resources Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration: National Helpline (US): 1-800-662-HELP (4357). SAMHSA’s National Helpline is a free, confidential, 24/7, 365-day-a-year treatment referral and information service (in English and Spanish) for individuals and families facing mental and/or substance use disorders. https://www.samhsa.gov/find-help/national-helpline The Canada Suicide Prevention Service: https://www.crisisservicescanada.ca/en/ Samaritans (UK): https://www.samaritans.org/ United for Global Mental Health (List of support networks around the world): https://unitedgmh.org/mental-health-support For those looking for information on how to support others: National Institute of Mental Health: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/suicide-prevention For the general public looking to be trained in mental health first aid and/or suicide prevention: Living Works (US): https://bit.ly/3oKgsaS Mental Health First Aid Canada: https://mhfa.ca/ Topics (6:29) Speed round. (10:14) Does talking about suicide help? (14:15) Why it’s very important to talk about “dying by suicide” instead of “committing suicide”. (16:17) About Daniel’s work as a neuroscientist. (17:47) What are the links between childhood trauma and suicide? (25:16) What age are children most sensitive to the effects of trauma? (31:19) How the type of trauma experienced by a child matters. (33:36) How resilience is more like a sword than a shield. (35:29) What are the 5 best brain health habits? (41:57) What is a brain bank and how are psychological autopsies used? (44:30) What music isn’t noise pollution for Daniel? (46:24) Music and the brain. (48:13) Grooving Session with Kurt and Tim; how to apply Daniel’s work to your life. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links World Mental Health Day: https://www.who.int/campaigns/world-mental-health-day Leading Human™ Workbook and Playbook: https://www.behavioralgrooves-store.com/products/copy-of-the-leading-human-playbook-workbook-package Leading Human™, Free Whitepaper Download: https://www.behavioralgrooves-store.com/collections/leading-human/products/human-centered-workplace-checklist Leading Human™ Workshop on Dec 14th, 2021 (more dates to be added soon): https://www.behavioralgrooves-store.com/collections/leading-human/products/leading-human-workshop Promo Code: GROOVERS to receive $20 off (limited time offer for listeners). Episode 220: How Do You Become Influential? Jon Levy Reveals His Surprising Secrets: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/how-to-be-influential-jon-levy/ Dr Brenda Mildner – Mother of Psychological worked on bilateral hypocantim removal: https://www.mcgill.ca/neuro/about/brenda-milner Donald Hebb: https://can-acn.org/donald-olding-hebb/#:~:text=Donald%20Hebb%20(1904%2D1985),which%20was%20published%20in%201949. “Molecular impacts of childhood abuse on the human brain” Ibrahim, P.; Almeida, D.; Nagy, C.; Turecki, G. (2021): https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352289521000515?via%3Dihub “A Slice of the Suicidal Brain: What Have Postmortem Molecular Studies Taught Us?” Almeida, D. and Turecki, G. (2016): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27671915/ “What Happened to You?: Conversations on Trauma, Resilience, and Healing”, by Oprah Winfrey and Bruce Perry: https://amzn.to/3lF7EQ7 Brain structure of dancers and musicians https://www.falishakarpati.com/bio Support Behavioral Grooves by donating on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves Musical Links Gladys Knight & The Pips “Midnight Train to Georgia”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A0F9lh8TiSM&ab_channel=GladysKnightTPVEVO Whitney Houston “I Will Always

The clearest indicators of our financial solvency are based on the behaviors we exhibit with our investments. Dr. Daniel Crosby PhD is a psychologist, behavioral finance expert, asset manager and bestselling author of four books including “The Behavioral Investor”: https://amzn.to/3Bl4s3t. We examine with him the question of whether financial success ultimately brings us happiness? Surprisingly it can, but not in the ways that we think it does. Having studied the growing list of 200 odd behavioral biases and heuristics, Daniel has whittled them down to what he describes as the four “Big Daddy” biases: ego, emotion, attention and conservatism. We learn about why these matter so much and interestingly what Coke Zero can teach us about our biases! Daniel touches on his other bestselling book “You’re Not That Great”: https://amzn.to/3ifiRFC which refreshingly embraces the fact that we are in fact all fairly average! That self esteem is built not by awarding prizes for participation, but by taking a risk, working hard and acknowledging that occasionally we will fall flat on our face along the way! In our Grooving Session with Kurt and Tim, following our interview with Daniel we talk about the ways that we can apply Daniel’s insights to improve our wellbeing and our relationships. [Tim quotes the infamous “Man in the Arena '' quote from Theodore Roosevelt but apologies, we incorrectly credited the quote to Eisenhower, not Roosevelt in the episode.] If you would like to invest in the work that Behavioral Grooves does to bring you interviews like Daniels every week, please support our Patreon page: https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves thank you. Topics (3:09) Welcome and speed round. (5:51) Why understanding people is vital to understanding markets. (8:20) Daniel's journey into behavioral finance. (11:02) What behavioral finance can help with beyond your bank balance. (15:17) Can money really boost our happiness? (20:05) The benefits of embracing our mediocrity. (24:30) How stress impacts performance. (26:58) Meta-biases: ego, promotion, attention, conservatism. (31:09) What Coke Zero can teach us about conservatism bias. (36:51) Ethics and behavioral finance. (41:09) What music does Daniel invest in? (48:44) Grooving Session on how to apply Daniel’s work in our own lives. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Books by Daniel Crosby The Laws of Wealth: Psychology and the secret to investing success: https://amzn.to/36NsbuJ The Behavioral Investor: https://amzn.to/3Bl4s3t You're Not That Great: https://amzn.to/3ifiRFC Personal Benchmark: Integrating Behavioral Finance and Investment Management https://amzn.to/3h5TjM1 Links Van Leeuwen Ice Cream Honeycomb: https://vanleeuwenicecream.com/ “Subjective Well-Being and Income: Is There Any Evidence Of Satiation?” Betsy Stevenson and Justin Wolfers (2013): https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/subjective-well-being-income.pdf “The Psychology of Money: Timeless lessons on wealth, greed, and happiness” by Morgan Housel: https://amzn.to/3onc5C2 Daniel Crosby TEDx: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dXUh3wNnFrw “Nudge: The Final Edition” by Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein: https://amzn.to/2ZqQn5O Barry Ritholtz, Episode 47. How to Reduce Evolutionary Panic: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/barry-ritholtz-reducing-panic/ The Rocket City Trash Pandas: https://www.milb.com/rocket-city “Sludge: What Stops Us from Getting Things Done and What to Do about It” by Cass Sunstein: https://amzn.to/3CNQJ4X At Uber, a New C.E.O Shifts Gears, The New Yorker: https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2018/04/09/at-uber-a-new-ceo-shifts-gears Trevor Foulk episode (publishing at the end of Oct 2021) Seth Stephens-Davidowitz, Episode 246. Are You More Honest with Google or Your Friends? https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/are-you-more-honest-with-google/ Vanessa Bohns, Episode 253. Why You Don‘t Need to be Powerful to be Influential: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/influence-vanessa-bohns/ Ben Parr, Episode 237. Attention: How to Capture It and Keep It with Ben Parr: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/attention-with-ben-parr/ Musical Links Phoebe Bridgers “Kyoto”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tw0zYd0eIlk Elliot Smith “Angeles”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FMSU4QDbdew&ab_channel=lucilwinchester Radiohead “Creep”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XFkzRNyygfk&ab_channel=Radiohead Arcade Fire “The Suburbs”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Euj9f3gdyM&ab_channel=ArcadeFireVEVO Father John Misty “Real Love Baby”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IOspC5B69L4&ab_channel=SubPop Vampire Weekend “This Life”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwkrrU2WYKg&ab_channel=VampireWeekendVEVO Run The Jewels “Legend Has It”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vWaljXUiCaE&ab_channel=RunTheJewels

To be influential you do not require power, but wielding your influence is powerful. Vanessa Bohns, social psychologist and professor of organizational behavior at Cornell University, joins us to discuss her enticing new book “You Have More Influence Than You Think”: https://amzn.to/39vCDIN. She draws from her research to illustrate why underestimating our influence can lead us to miss opportunities or worse yet, to misuse our power. Vanessa challenges us to examine our powers of persuasion and to recognize that we have more influence than we even realize. We learn exactly why it’s so hard for us to say no, even when we’re uncomfortable with saying yes. And why we should focus on communicating more with people face-to-face. As with all of our episodes, we leave you with a Grooving Session discussion focusing on how we can use Vanessa’s research to improve our lives, our relationships and our workplaces. Maybe this episode will influence you more than you realize? If it does, please support our ongoing work by contributing to our Patreon page at www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves (just imagine, if we asked you in person, would you say yes?). Topics (3:19) Welcome to Vanessa Bohns. (5:46) How your enjoyment of chocolate is influenced by others. (8:15) The spotlight effect; is everyone really looking at me? (12:34) How can we influence people more than we think? (17:20) How Vanessa discovered people are likely to help, if you ask. (23:34) Why it’s so much harder to say no than we think. (26:50) How power amplifies your influence. (29:22) Why we need to recognize white privilege as a position of power. (32:47) Communication: why our choice of words matter. (34:13) Robert Cialdini’s Influence. (36:30) What are the most common misconceptions about influence? (41:07) What are the 2 biggest takeaways from the book? (43:52) How music has influenced Vanessa. (49:13) Grooving Session discussing how to apply Vanessa’s research. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links “You Have More Influence Than You Think: How We Underestimate Our Power of Persuasion, and Why It Matters” Book by Vanessa Bohns: https://amzn.to/39vCDIN John Bargh, Episode 248: Do We Control Situations or Do Situations Control Us? With John Bargh: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/control-situations-with-john-bargh/ Shankar Vedantam, Episode 222: How Delusions Can Actually Be Useful: Shankar Vedantam Reveals How: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/shankar-vedantam-useful-delusions/ Cristina Bicchieri, Episode 102: Social Norms are Bundles of Expectations: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/cristina-bicchieri-social-norms-are-bundles-of-expectations/ “Shared Experiences Are Amplified” Erica J. Boothby, Margaret S. Clark, John A. Bargh (2014): https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0956797614551162 “Good Lamps Are the Best Police: Darkness Increases Dishonesty and Self-Interested Behavior” Chen-Bo Zhong, Vanessa K. Bohns, Francesca Gino (2010): https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0956797609360754 Robert Frank on the Power of Peer Pressure in Fighting Climate Change: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VmOUNgXKd0c&ab_channel=Rare Robert Cialdini, Episode 226: The Power Of Unity: Robert Cialdini Expands His Best Selling Book Influence: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/cialdini-unity-in-influence/ How to Start a Movement | Dan Sivers: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V74AxCqOTvg Musical Links Bronksi Beats “Smalltown Boy”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=88sARuFu-tc Sleigh Bells “Locust Laced”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wzLOcmRRUfg The National “Light Years”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5FQtSn_vak0 Vampire Weekend “This Life”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwkrrU2WYKg David Bowie “Ashes to Ashes”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HyMm4rJemtI Harry Styles “Watermelon Sugar”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fKlD97TnYwM Billie Ellish “Everything I Wanted”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EgBJmlPo8Xw Taylor Swift “Willow”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RsEZmictANA Nirvana “Smells Like Teen Spirit”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hTWKbfoikeg

Employee burnout, The Great Resignation, Office Covid Regulations; these are all major concerns for leaders in the workplace right now. But how can managers successfully navigate these stresses, while still maintaining productivity among staff? At the start of the pandemic, Behavioral Grooves began a series of podcasts with researchers and practitioners to understand the organizational shifts we were seeing. Over the course of our interviews, we discovered big changes in the way business was being conducted and that managers, specifically, were really caught off guard. They didn’t have a coach or a guide to help them through all the changes. We decided to change that. And so, we created Leading Human™. In this Grooving Session with Kurt Nelson PhD and Tim Houlihan, they sit down to discuss the following topics about Leading Human™: What is Leading Human™? Who is Leading Human™ going to benefit? Why did the Behavioral Grooves team feel inspired to write Leading Human™? While Leading Human™ was initiated by the pandemic, it goes well beyond the current workplace dynamics and delves into the core of how work will happen in the future. Ultimately Leading Human™ focuses on four key areas: Creating Psychological Safety; Building a Team Charter; Implementing Human-Centered Routines; Charting a Clear Path Forward. Together, these can make a significant difference in employees' emotional connection to the company and successful re-entry to the workplace. Leading Human™ is full of practical tips and exercises to implement. Where to Get More Info on Leading Human™: Leading Human™ Workbook and Playbook: https://www.behavioralgrooves-store.com/products/copy-of-the-leading-human-playbook-workbook-package Leading Human™, Free Whitepaper Download: https://www.behavioralgrooves-store.com/collections/leading-human/products/human-centered-workplace-checklist Leading Human™ Workshop on Nov 2nd, 2021 (more dates to be added soon): https://www.behavioralgrooves-store.com/collections/leading-human/products/leading-human-workshop Promo Code: GROOVERS to receive $20 off (limited time offer for listeners).

[NOTE: This episode is republished from #178 in October 2020.] Kwame Christian, Esq. is the author of “Nobody Will Play With Me: How to Use Compassionate Curiosity to Find Confidence in Conflict.” He is the host of two podcasts, “Negotiate Anything” and “Ask With Confidence.” He is a professor at The Ohio State University Law School and is the director of the American Negotiation Institute. Kwame’s educational background combines an undergraduate degree in psychology, a masters in public policy, and a juris doctor. Yup – a classic underachiever. (NOT) Kurt and Tim got to talk to Kwame about the behavioral science hidden in his practical techniques. For instance, we discussed how to be more effective in negotiations by managing our emotions and how to reframe our negotiations as opportunities. He went on to say that negotiations are really “the art of discovery.” We also discussed the decades-old myth of the win-win negotiation – you guessed right: it’s a myth! Kwame also dropped more sound-bite bombs in our conversation than any other guest. There are tons and tons of takeaways from this conversation that you can put to use in your work or home life right away. And if that’s not enough, he’s got the most eclectic musical tastes of any guest on Behavioral Grooves so far. Check it out. We are grateful to our friend Brian Ahearn who introduced us to Kwame in May 2020. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links Kwame Christian on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/kwamechristian/ Kwame on Negotiations: https://americannegotiationinstitute.com/ Finding Confidence in Conflict: How to Negotiate Anything and Live Your Best Life: https://amzn.to/3E19685 Kwame’s Podcast Negotiate Anything: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/negotiate-anything/id1101679010 Kwame’s TED talk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F6Zg65eK9XU Kwame as Ohio State Law Professor: https://moritzlaw.osu.edu/faculty/kwame-christian/ Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/cognitive-behavioral-therapy/about/pac-20384610 Matthew Walker, “Why We Sleep”: https://amzn.to/3tuMeZC Them-Us-Fit-Action: https://blog.cmbinfo.com/crc-2018-how-to-engage-todays-corporate-research-buyer Behavioral Grooves Patreon page: https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves Musical Links Bob Marley “Wait in Vain”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gtgP0EQmWVk Calypso: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JpUh5wUBkbM Soca (Soul Calypso): https://medium.com/@jada.steuart/soca-then-and-now-d5674e9f2b0c Reggae: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NyscBx0UWkY Dub Step: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQ1txLdu6qg Hip-hop: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4t-BLUi3eAI Rap: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iGj3nv36M1o Ska: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Weu3b8Nd40 Smooth Jazz: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=--cmYzvVASc AC/DC: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC/DC “Under the Graveyard” by Ozzie Osbourne: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iuzyA5gDa4E Major Lazer: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YqeW9_5kURI The Clash “Should I Stay or Should I Go”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oGIFublvDes The Police: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F4VjsqR5Vbc George Benson “Breezin”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kVc5rCl0BIs Grover Washington “Just the Two of Us”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IqX7WX6jFdw David Benoit “Lucy and Linus”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NOg17QnLGVs Earl Klugh & Bob James: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YTOZxnBEPJA Lee Ritenour: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oMXCSiufPYA The Rippingtons: https://www.rippingtons.com/

How can behavioral science aid the mammoth task of vaccination the world against Covid? What common barriers cause vaccine hesitancy in populations around the globe? And how can behavioral design overcome them? Born out of frustration, while trying to eliminate Polio from Pakistan, the global behavioral design agency Common Thread (www.gocommonthread.com) was born. They use findings from psychology, anthropology, economics and sociology, to identify and analyze behavioral insights. Bringing a people-centered approach to the world's toughest public health problems. We are delighted to be joined on this podcast episode with the co-founder, director and lead storyteller of Common Thread, Michael Coleman. He talks with us about his new publication, “The Little Jab Book: 18 Behavioral Science Strategies for Increasing Vaccination Uptake” (www.vax-up.org) and the global projects that he is currently collaborating on. Topics (6:24) Speed round questions. (8:55) Applying behavioral science to global health concerns. (9:47) How Common Thread was started and why it focuses on putting people at the center of public health problems. (11:30) The complexities Mike faced with the Polio Eradication Plan in Pakistan. (14:02) What is the mission of Common Thread? (15:52) What tools does Common Thread use to change behavior? (18:59) How can removing friction from decisions make a big difference in people’s responses? (23:00) About The Little Jab Book: 18 Behavioral Science Strategies for Increasing Vaccination Uptake. (25:33) Who The Little Jab Book is intended for? (27:01) What are the barriers to vaccinating the world against Covid? (31:50) How vaccine hesitant conversations can impact public health responses. (34:28) Work with UNICEF to create individual country responses to vaccination barriers. (39:16) What music would Mike take to a desert island? (41:43) How Common Thread uses music to foster an inclusive work culture. (43:35) Grooving Session with Kurt and Tim summarizing the application of Mike’s insights. Behavioral Grooves has a Patreon page to help fund our work, please consider donating a small amount to our podcast at www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves. We also love reading your reviews, tweets and comments about the podcast; these help others find out about us too. But most of all, thanks for listening! © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links Common Thread: www.gocommonthread.com/ Michael Coleman: www.gocommonthread.com/blog/person/michael-coleman/ Common Thread newsletter “The Stitch”: www.gocommonthread.com/the-stitch/ The Little Jab Book: 18 Behavioral Science Strategies for Increasing Vaccination Uptake: www.vax-up.org Behavioral Insights lab set up with Gavi for immunization oriented to the global south: “From Idea to Immunization”: www.gocommonthread.com/work/global-gavi-bi/ Barry’s tea: www.barrystea.ie/ Sherine Guirguis: www.gocommonthread.com/about/ Harvard School of Public Health: www.hsph.harvard.edu/social-and-behavioral-sciences/ UNICEF: www.unicef.org/ The Global Vaccine Allowance: www.gavi.org The Gates Foundation: www.gatesfoundation.org Vax-Up: www.vax-up.org PATH: www.path.org BUSARA: www.busaracenter.org/ The New York Times Global Vaccination Tracker: https://nyti.ms/2WNx1Xt Rob Burnet, Well Told Story: www.africa-asa.com/rob-burnet/ Episode 202: How Chaning Jang Works Around Not Being WEIRD: www.behavioralgrooves.com/episode/how-chaning-jang-works-around-not-being-weird/ Episode 223: How Behavioral Science Can Impact Nonprofits: The Inspiring Story at Save The Children: www.behavioralgrooves.com/episode/behavioral-science-and-nonprofits/ Musical Links Nina Simone “Stars” (Montreux Festival in 1976): https://bit.ly/38Dv7Lz Jeff Buckley “Grace”: https://bit.ly/3BG9OW4 Jeff Buckley (Live in Frankfurt, 1995): https://bit.ly/3h0XMi7 The Tragically Hip “Ahead By a Century”: https://bit.ly/38G2kGm Common Thread Spotify Playlist: https://spoti.fi/3yHvsYf Tsegue-Maryam Guebrou, a 93 year old Ethiopian jazz pianist: https://spoti.fi/3zPhlBG

Few psychologists in the world have contributed more to scientific discovery than our guest Richard E. Nisbett. He joins us to discuss his latest book, the title of which embodies one of his favorite activities: Thinking: A Memoir. Thinking weaves Richard’s personal story through his research journey, painting a richer sense of the thought process behind his discoveries. Richard E. Nisbett is the Theodore M. Newcomb Distinguished Professor of Social Psychology at the University of Michigan. Many of his previous books have been co-authored with his collaborator and friend, the late Lee Ross. The two first met in graduate school when they studied under the ground-breaking researcher Stanley Schachter at Columbia University. Later in his career, alongside Tim Wilson, the two made the ground-breaking observation: they noted that we can only identify "what people think about how they think," but not "how they really think." Join our podcast conversation with Richard to explore how we can improve our thinking, reasoning and decision making. If you are a regular listener to Behavioral Grooves, please consider donating to our work through Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves. Topics we Discuss with Richard E. Nisbett (3:20) Welcome and speed round. (7:25) What motivated Richard to write his memoir? (12:12) Why do we so readily disregard base rates? (15:56) Why do we disconnect ourselves from the behavior in Stanley Milgram’s experiment? (17:21) Richard’s work on Attribution Theory. (20:25) How does our unconscious mind affect our behaviors and decision making? (23:27) Richard’s insight on why we rationalize our decision making. (27:13) Working in a vacuum in academia. (30:03) Interdisciplinary work at Michigan University. (32:23) Can we teach people to become better at reasoning? (39:15) The problems with replicating social psychology studies. (46:28) What is Richard thinking about these days? (51:32) What music would Richard take a desert island? (57:13) Grooving Session with Kurt and Tim discussing their interview with Richard. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Books by Richard E. Nisbett Thinking: A Memoir: https://amzn.to/341F4A4 Intelligence and How to Get It: Why Schools and Cultures Count: https://amzn.to/3fALT0L The Geography of Thought: How Asians and Westerners Think Differently...and Why: https://amzn.to/3u728bj Culture Of Honor: The Psychology Of Violence In The South (New Directions in Social Psychology): https://amzn.to/3ub2FJu Thought and Feeling: Cognitive Alteration of Feeling States: https://amzn.to/2Rqgw1f Rules for Reasoning: https://amzn.to/3hDj6LJ The Person and the Situation: https://amzn.to/2S6tfGa Links from our Interview Lee Ross “The Person and the Situation: Perspectives of Social Psychology”: https://amzn.to/3iYN3q5 Stanley Schachter “The Psychology of Affiliation: Experimental Studies of the Sources of Gregariousness”: https://amzn.to/3sEQQw1 Malcom Gladwell “Outliers: The Story of Success”: https://amzn.to/3xWZdnw Michael Lewis Book about Dnaiel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, “The Undoing Project: A Friendship That Changed Our Minds”: https://amzn.to/3iYwIlg Richard Thaler “Nudge: The FInal Edition”: https://amzn.to/3srwyWs Stanley Milgram Experiment: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milgram_experiment Cary Grant: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cary_Grant Timothy Wilson: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timothy_Wilson Russell Sage Foundation: https://www.russellsage.org/ University of Michigan: https://umich.edu/ Jean Piaget: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Piaget Episode 155: John Bargh: Dante, Coffee and the Unconscious Mind: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/john-bargh-dante-coffee-and-the-unconscious-mind/ Peggy Noonan, Wall Street Journal: https://www.wsj.com/news/author/peggy-noonan The Week: https://www.theweek.co.uk/ Episode 67: George Loewenstein: On a Functional Theory of Boredom: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/george-loewenstein-on-a-functional-theory-of-boredom/ Musical Links Beethoven “The Emperor Concerto”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NPx7P6YvHYw Beethoven 7th symphony, 2nd Movement: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mgHxmAsINDk Schubert “Serenade”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=biUv4VLW0fc

Can we control our unconscious behavior? How much does the situation we’re in control us? Can we prime people to behave a certain way? Is it even ethical to try? To what degree do cultural identity and stereotyping impact the automaticity of our actions? Following on from our discussion with Dr Philip Zimbardo PhD, in our last episode (#247) about the Stanford Prison Experiment, we reached out to our friend and previous guest (episode #155), Dr John Bargh PhD, social psychologist at Yale University. As the world’s leading expert on the unconscious mind, John gave us fresh insight on how our behavior is primed by factors such as our cultural identity and even by who we are thinking about. Interestingly our conversation shifted towards changing attitudes in society and in particular the inspiration stance that athletes such as Simone Biles and Naomi Osaka have taken recently to prioritize their mental health. John describes them as pioneers: “what pioneers and leaders do is they give an alternative example for the other people and say, “You know what, you don't have to do this, here's what I did.”” In our last interview with John, he left us with some parting wisdom; to hug our children more. We couldn’t resist asking him for some more wise words, so listen to the end to find out John’s advice to all of us. Word of mouth continues to be the best way for new listeners to find Behavioral Grooves. Please consider sharing your favorite episodes with your friends. And if you want to help more, your financial support goes a long way. You can donate via our Patreon page at https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves. And thank you to all of our loyal listeners who already donate to our podcast. Topics we discuss with John Bargh (3:58) Welcome to John Bargh and speed round questions. (7:50) Nature vs nurture? (11:51) A summary of John’s research on automaticity and priming. (15:04) How you activate a different cultural identity. (19:42) How did the Stanford Prison Experiment impact social psychology research? (25:09) Do we control situations or do situations control us? (30:14) Can you prime someone to commit murder? (35:17) How Simone Biles is an example of changing attitudes in society. (37:14) Are employees starting to self-select which corporation they work for? (44:29) What direction is the research on priming and automaticity heading in the future? (47:33) What research is John engaged in right now? (50:08) How can we prevent ourselves from being influenced by our context? (52:46) John’s wise parting advice. (56:28) Grooving Session with Kurt and Tim discussing the interview. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links John Bargh book “Before You Know It: The Unconscious Reasons We Do What We Do”: https://amzn.to/3yUHka8 Episode 155: John Bargh: Dante, Coffee and the Unconscious Mind: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/john-bargh-dante-coffee-and-the-unconscious-mind/ William James: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_James Rozin, Paul. (1976): “The evolution of intelligence and access to the cognitive unconscious.” Progress in Psychobiology and Physiological Psychology: https://bit.ly/37JnBhI Cushman, Fiery (2019): “Rationalization is Rational”, Behavioral and Brain Sciences: https://bit.ly/2VRicTG Episode 229: From Holding the Mic to Theory of Mind: Rob Leonard’s Love of Language: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/rob-leonards-love-of-language/ Stanford Prison Experiment: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/stanford-prison-experiment/ Rosanna Summers: http://www.roseannasommers.com/ Vanessa Bohns: “You Have More Influence Than You Think: How We Underestimate Our Power of Persuasion, and Why It Matters”: https://amzn.to/3g5Omlg Lee Ross: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Ross Kerri Strug: https://www.today.com/news/kerri-strug-shares-her-support-simone-biles-rest-usa-gymnasts-t226636 Simone Biles: https://www.simonebiles.com/ Naomi Osaka: https://www.naomiosaka.com/ Episode 147: Gary Latham, PhD: Goal Setting, Prompts, Priming, and Skepticism: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/gary-latham-goal-setting-prompts/ Support Behavioral Grooves Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves Musical Links Jimi Hendrix “Somewhere”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G-THhwh5mNI Jimmy Page (Led Zepplin) “Stairway to Heaven”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QkF3oxziUI4

The Stanford Prison Experiment has been the topic of movies, newspaper articles, textbooks and TV shows. Extensively published controversy has surrounded the social psychology experiment ever since it was conducted in 1971. Now on the 50th Anniversary, we invite you to listen to a very unique interview with the man who orchestrated it all; Dr Philip Zimbardo PhD. Was the Stanford Prison Experiment designed to measure the corruption of power? Were participants influenced by the context of the experiment itself and pressured into performing a role? How exactly did the environment influence the behavior of the participants, including Dr Philip Zimbardo himself? As he quotes; “a bad barrel can take a good apple, and make it bad”. At Stanford University in 1971, influenced by the work of his friend Stanley Milgram, Philip Zimbardo assembled a mock prison in the basement of the university and used male student volunteers to become the guards and prisoners. What unfolded in the coming days surprised even Philip Zimbardo. What is less known about Philip Zimbardo is that he has since done extensive research on shyness, cult behavior, time perception, and more recently on heroism. According to him, we are all “heroes in waiting”, and he has founded the Heroic Imagination Project to help cultivate the heroes among us. Our discussion with Dr Z (as he asked us to call him!) weaves through an enlightening reflection on his upbringing, the influence of his family and peers, and his transition into academia. Kurt and Tim intercept the conversation throughout to provide explanation and insights. And we end with how Dr Z’s work can influence our behavior now. What can we really learn from the Stanford Prison Experiment? And how can we all become a hero in waiting? Topics (2:59) Introducing Dr. Philip Zimbardo. (4:30) Dr Z’s upbringing in the Bronx. (6:40) The significance of Dr Z’s classmates at James Monroe High School. (11:06) How racism influenced Dr Z’s application to Yale. (16:18) How Dr Z started the Stanford Prison Experiment. (19:05) What Dr Z was trying to understand from the experiment. (20:04) What went wrong. (21:59) How abusive guard David Eshelman explained his behavior. (23:10) Controversy around the experiment and why it ended early. (27:07) Chip Frederick’s abusive behavior at Abu Ghraib prison during the Iraqi War. (30:15) If you can cultivate evil behavior, can you also cultivate heroic behavior? (33:36) The 4 steps to becoming a "Hero in Training". (35:14) Dr Z’s offer to help with police brutality in the US. (37:04) Takeaways: how to be aware and intentional with our behavior. We look forward to welcoming you back next week for more about why context matters with esteemed Yale social psychologist, Dr John Bargh PhD. Please consider donating to our podcast work through Patreon (https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves). We also love hearing from our listeners, please leave us a podcast review or reach out to us on Twitter: Kurt Nelson @motivationguru Tim Houlihan @THoulihan Mary Kaliff @BeSciMary © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links Stanley Milgram: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanley_Milgram Solomon Asch - Conformity Experiment: https://www.simplypsychology.org/asch-conformity.html Charlie Parker “All The Things You Are”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UTORd2Y_X6U Episode 76: Nurit Nobel: De-Biasing the Recruiting Process: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/nurit-nobel-de-biasing-the-recruiting-process/ Chip Frederick: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/oct/22/usa.iraq Heroic Imagination Project: https://www.heroicimagination.org/

The truth is we divulge more information to Google that we do to our friends, our family or even our doctors. Our social media persona can paint a very different picture to what we secretly search for on Google. So what do search trends in Google tell us about ourselves and our society? Does it matter that we are different on Google than in person? Author of bestseller Everybody Lies (https://amzn.to/32ULlgD), Seth Stephens-Davidowitz, tells us how data can unlock the keys to happier relationships and even how to better parent our children. Topics We Discuss with Seth: (3:15) Welcome and speed round questions. (12:53) Are people more honest with Google or with their friends? (16:01) The juxtaposition between our social media presence and our Google searches. (21:03) Does everybody really lie? (26:06) Why people lie about sex. (30:00) Why your children’s outcome is affected by your location. (36:37) Using more data and less intuition to make decisions. (44:28) The data to use and not to use for successful dating. (47:57) What age do we get hooked on music? (54:10) Do people lie about music? Join us for our follow-on discussion in Episode 245 where Kurt and Tim have a Grooving Session on what they have talked about with Seth: the effect of context with honesty, tips for successful dating and the influences surrounding our children. If you are a regular listener to Behavioral Grooves, please consider donating to our work through Patreon (https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves). We also love reading your reviews on the podcast, which gives other listeners social proof that we’re worth listening to! © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links Behavioral Grooves new website: www.behavioralgrooves.com Seth Stephens-Davidowitz: http://sethsd.com/ Seth Stephens-Davidowitz: “Everybody Lies: Big Data, New Data, and What the Internet Can Tell Us About Who We Really Are”: https://amzn.to/32ULlgD The Myth of the “Relationship Spark” with Logan Ury (featuring a guest appearance by Christina Gravert, PhD): https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/relationship-spark-logan-ury/ Dan Ariely, “Let Me Come Right Out and Say It: You Cheat”: https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/let-me-come-right-out-and-say-it-you-cheat/ Bernie Madoff: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernie_Madoff Shankar Vedantam, “Useful Delusions: The Power and Paradox of the Self-Deceiving Brain”: https://amzn.to/2PUkzlv Raj Chetty: http://www.rajchetty.com/ Dan Levitin, “This Is Your Brain on Music: The Science of a Human Obsession”: https://amzn.to/3C45iSh Episode 171: Self Control, Belonging, and Why Your Most Dedicated Employees Are the Ones To Watch Out For with Roy Baumeister https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/self-control-belonging-and-why-your-most-dedicated-employees-are-the-ones-to-watch-out-for-with-roy-baumeister/ Episode 220: How Do You Become Influential? Jon Levy Reveals His Surprising Secrets: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/how-to-be-influential-jon-levy/ Moneyball movie: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moneyball_(film) Seth Stephens-Davidowitz, “The Songs That Bind”: https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/10/opinion/sunday/favorite-songs.html Episode 219: Why Music Makes You Feel Better with Pablo Ripollés and Ernest Mas Herrero: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/why-music-makes-you-feel-better/ Elizabeth Ki, Behavioral Scientist at Spotify: http://elizabethdkim.com/ Episode 218: Share, Like, Comment: Sandra Matz PhD Exposes The Truth Behind your Digital Footprint: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/your-digital-footprint/ Musical Links Leonard Cohen “Famous Blue Raincoat”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ohk3DP5fMCg Leonard Cohen “Alexandra Leaving”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ELGaHaZzwjU Leonard Cohen “Suzanne”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=svitEEpI07E Bruce Springsteen “Dancing in the Dark”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=129kuDCQtHs Bob Dylan “Too Late”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RUT7N8RYgSI Paul Simon “Late in The Evening”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_K5qIA1IVIA Crosby, Stills and Nash “Just a Song Before I Go”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_UoneXjfBC0 Dave Matthews Band “Funny The Way it Is”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FNiS9T-I2Eg&pp=sAQA Katy Perry “Smile”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vZA5heWazIQ Duran Duran “Invisible”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SMCd5zrsFpE Justin Bieber “Intentions”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3AyMjyHu1bA The Beatles “Come Together”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=45cYwDMibGo

This follow-up episode is a free-flowing Grooving Session where Tim and Kurt chat about their discussion with Seth Stephens-Davidowitz (Episode 246). You’re more than welcome to listen to this as a stand alone episode, but we recommend first tuning in to our interview with Seth, and then joining us here for some banter about Seth’s work. Questions we discuss: Are we more likely to be untruthful in certain contexts? Is lying a useful delusion? Can we ever justify lies? How do the connections we make with others affect our relationships and our children? Does where we are born really influence us the rest of our lives? What traits should we definitely look for when dating? How is our brain influenced by music? Tim and Kurt chat about these questions and more in this Grooving Session, which follows on from our interview episode with Seth Stephens-Davidowitz, author of bestselling book Everybody Lies (https://amzn.to/32ULlgD). If you are a regular listener to Behavioral Grooves, please consider donating to our work through Patreon (https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves). We also love reading your reviews on the podcast, which gives other listeners social proof that we’re worth listening to! Grooving Session Links Seth Stephens-Davidowitz: http://sethsd.com/ Seth Stephens-Davidowitz “Everybody Lies: Big Data, New Data, and What the Internet Can Tell Us About Who We Really Are” https://amzn.to/32ULlgD Episode 222: How Delusions Can Actually Be Useful: Shankar Vedantam Reveals How https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/shankar-vedantam-useful-delusions/ Episode 110: Steve Martin and Joe Marks: The Messenger is the Message: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/steve-martin-and-joe-marks-the-messenger-is-the-message/ Episode 240: Why Good, Honest Employees Really Do Steal With Kelly Paxton: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/pink-collar-crime-kelly-paxton/ Dr Melody S. Goodman, PhD “Zip code better predictor of health than genetic code”: https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/features/zip-code-better-predictor-of-health-than-genetic-code/ Episode 244: Does Money Really Make You Happy? The Research with Johannes Haushofer: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/does-money-make-you-happy/ Episode 230: How Good People Fight Bias with Dolly Chugh: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/how-good-people-fight-bias/ Episode 220: How Do You Become Influential? Jon Levy Reveals His Surprising Secrets: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/how-to-be-influential-jon-levy/ Behavioral Grooves musical links for all of our guests: https://behavioralgrooves.com/artists/

What link is there between happiness and income? Does winning the lottery make you happier? What does the research say about poverty and our mental health? Our guest on this episode has researched the psychological effects money has on our wellbeing and on our society. Johannes Haushofer is the Assistant Professor of Economics at Stockholm University and has taught at Princeton University for the past six years. Johannes realized that not enough research on these topics has been conducted outside of the Western, educated, industrialized, rich and democratic countries (WEIRD countries). So he founded the Busara Center for Behavioral Economics in Nairobi, Kenya: https://busaracenter.org/. We talk with him about how he founded the center and what research he has been able to do there. A few years ago, in an effort to make a friend feel better Johannes published his ‘CV of Failures’ that detailed every degree program that had rejected him and all the research funding he didn’t get. It went viral as people lapped up the counterintuitive idea of celebrating failure. Despite having a well published list of failures, Johannes has a multitude of successes. One of which is that he is a serious vocalist with access to a deeper range in his lower voice known as the vocal fry register. We have a great discussion about the central role that music has played in his life. Topics We Discuss with Johannes (2:21) Welcome and speed round questions. (4:06) What is the relationship between income and happiness? (12:24) How spending changes when people are given one lump sum of money vs. monthly payments. (15:51) What research is there about Universal Basic Income? (17:43) What effect does winning the lottery have on us? (21:17) Why Johannes’ “CV of Failures” that went viral. (26:00) Johannes’ views on the replication crisis in psychology. (29:21) How Johannes founded the Busara Center for Behavioral Economics in Kenya. (33:20) The link between mental health and poverty. (35:07) How stress impacts choices. (36:16) Johannes’ experience of singing in Swedish Choirs. Listen next to our Grooving Session (episode #243) where Kurt and Tim discuss the insight from our interview with Johannes. If you are a regular listener to Behavioral Grooves, please consider donating to our work through Patreon https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves. We also love reading your reviews on the podcast, which gives other listeners social proof that we’re worth listening to! © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links Johannes Haushofer site: https://haushofer.ne.su.se/ Busara Center for Behavioral Economics: https://busaracenter.org/ TEDMED Talk: "Johannes Haushofer, The Psychological Consequences of Poverty" https://www.tedmed.com/talks/show?id=621424 Vocal Fry Register: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal_fry_register Johannes Haushofer, CV of Failures: https://www.uni-goettingen.de/de/document/download/bed2706fd34e29822004dbe29cd00bb5.pdf/Johannes_Haushofer_CV_of_Failures[1].pdf Episode 41: Michael Hallsworth: From MINDSPACE to EAST: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/michael-hallsworth-from-mindspace-to-east/ Melanie Stefan “Keeping a visible record of your rejected applications can help others to deal with setbacks”: https://www.nature.com/articles/nj7322-467a Betsey Stevenson and Justin Wolfers, “Subjective Well-Being and Income: Is There Any Evidence of Satiation?”: https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.103.3.598 Episode 176: Annie Duke on How to Decide: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/annie-duke-on-how-to-decide/ Episode 202: How Chaning Jang Works Around Not Being WEIRD: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/how-chaning-jang-works-around-not-being-weird/ Behavioral Grooves Patreon https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves Musical Links Johannes singing a Sea Shanty: https://twitter.com/jhaushofer/status/1351267627461734402?s=20 Johannes singing on the streets of Stockholm: https://twitter.com/jhaushofer/status/851066608109924352?s=20 Johannes’ Playlist: https://open.spotify.com/playlist/16NMYSIfdiaz7K81AFGPtJ?si=gdqJ7xQSRQObxsJaN7r1Og Joan Baez “Diamonds and Rust”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IrVD0bP_ybg St Olaf Choir, “Shenandoah”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BBiP_kDI-Ak Alex Dmitrieff (Basso Profondo) - Alliluia - Russian Orthodox Male Choir of Australia: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gv0nuACLqJE&ab_channel=TheOktavismChannel Simon & Garfunkel "The Boxer": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l3LFML_pxlY&ab_channel=SimonGarfunkelVEVO

Kurt and Tim discuss the links between poverty and mental health, how higher income is linked to better well-being, and the idea of a Universal Basic Income. This is a free-flowing discussion delving into the insights from their most recent interview with Johannes Haushofer (episode #244), Assistant Professor of Economics at Stockholm University. While you are welcome to listen to this episode as a stand-alone, we recommend you download our interview with Johannes first before joining us here. Topics You Will Learn About: Higher income being related to better well-being. The effects of poverty on cognitive function, creativity, stress, health and long-term outcome decisions. Universal Basic Income; the behavior changes it could induce. The replication crisis of research studies in psychology. The value of Johannes studying poverty outside of WEIRD countries. “So there was a pretty strong relationship between income and happiness, both within and across countries. Rich people are happier than poor people within the same country. But also richer countries, on average, are happier than poor countries.” ~ Johannes Haushofer quote from Behavioral Grooves podcast interview. If you are a regular listener to Behavioral Grooves, please consider donating to our work through Patreon https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves. We also love reading your reviews on the podcast, which gives other listeners social proof that we’re worth listening to! Links Betsey Stevenson and Justin Wolfers, “Subjective Well-Being and Income: Is There Any Evidence of Satiation?”: https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.103.3.598 Episode 155: John Bargh: Dante, Coffee and the Unconscious Mind: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/john-bargh-dante-coffee-and-the-unconscious-mind/ Busara Center for Behavioral Economics in Nairobi, Kenya: https://busaracenter.org Episode 202: How Chaning Jang Works Around Not Being WEIRD: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/how-chaning-jang-works-around-not-being-weird/ Honesty Tea: https://www.honesttea.com/our-story Seth Stephens-Davidowitz “Everybody Lies: Big Data, New Data, and What the Internet Can Tell Us About Who We Really Are”: https://amzn.to/32ULlgD Kurt and Tim mention our interview with Richard Nesbitt, which will be released on 8/29/21! Behavioral Grooves Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves © 2021 Behavioral Grooves

What does your customer want but can’t tell you? What effective marketing techniques use behavioral economics? If only you had a way of understanding how your customer’s brain made decisions. Well our guest, Melina Palmer sits down to discuss exactly that. Melina Palmer is the founder of The Brainy Business, which provides behavioral economics consulting to businesses of all sizes from around the world. She also hosts a podcast, The Brainy Business, and has recently published her first book What Your Customer Wants and Can’t Tell You: Unlocking Consumer Decisions with the Science of Behavioral Economics: https://amzn.to/36Rm88I. What You Will Learn From Melina Palmer (6:23) Melina explains her book “What Your Customer Wants and Can’t Tell You” (13:30) Why should we care about dopamine? (16:26) The effectiveness of using a lottery draw (20:43) Why is priming so important in marketing? (27:41) How Melina helps you to apply her insight (30:59) What sparked Melina’s interest in Behavioral Economics? (32:24) What is the biggest secret that customers can’t tell you? (33:54) Is the marketing industry still sexist? (34:40) The music Melina would take to survive on a desert island If you are a regular listener to Behavioral Grooves, please consider donating to our work through Patreon https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves. We also love reading your reviews on the podcast, which gives other listeners social proof that we’re worth listening to! © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links Melina Palmer, What Your Customer Wants and Can’t Tell You: Unlocking Consumer Decisions with the Science of Behavioral Economics: https://amzn.to/36Rm88I Episode 109: Melina Palmer: Using Behavioral Economics to Help Businesses: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/melina-palmer-using-behavioral-economics-to-help-businesses/ The Brainy Business: https://thebrainybusiness.com/ The Brainy Business Podcast: https://thebrainybusiness.com/podcast/ Melina Palmer, INC: https://www.inc.com/author/melina-palmer Melina Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/thebrainybiz/ Melina Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thebrainybiz/ Melina YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/thebrainybusiness Melina Twitter: https://twitter.com/thebrainybiz Melina LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/melina-palmer-36ab8712/ The Brainy Buiness LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/the-brainy-business/ BE Thoughtful Revolution: https://be-thoughtful-revolution.mn.co/share/Wwg4nTN8qVp21XB3?utm_source=manual Episode 232: Katy Milkman: How to Make Healthy Habits that Actually Last: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/katy-milkman-habits-that-last/ Episode 226: The Power Of Unity: Robert Cialdini Expands His Best Selling Book Influence: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/cialdini-unity-in-influence/ McDonald’s Monopoly: A Masterclass in Promotions: https://www.talon.one/blog/mcdonalds-monopoly-a-masterclass-in-promotions Human Behavior Lab, Certificate Program: https://hbl.tamu.edu/certificate-program/ Musical Links Paul McCartney “Find My Way”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2oSmP3GtOBk Lady Gaga “Stupid Love”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5L6xyaeiV58 John Mayer “Last Train Home”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=66Ne5dVDfLM Melina’s Pandora station: https://pandora.app.link/UrWQ28B6l3

How can your organization improve its marketing messaging using proven behavioral science techniques? As part of our series on Marketing & Employee Engagement this month, we were joined by Melina Palmer on our latest interview episode (#242). Melina Palmer is the founder of The Brainy Business podcast and author of “What Your Customer Wants and Can’t Tell You: Unlocking Consumer Decisions with the Science of Behavioral Economics”: https://amzn.to/36Rm88I. She is an expert on both marketing and behavioral economics and blends techniques from both fields in her writing and podcast. This follow-up episode is a free-flowing Grooving Session where Tim and Kurt discuss the business applications of their discussion with Melina. This episode is best enjoyed after listening to our interview episode. What you will learn from this episode: The science behind dopamine release. How to use rewards (incentives or lotteries) effectively to motivate employees. Why priming is one of the most underutilized marketing tools. And one of our favorite topics; why context matters when communicating a message. If you are a regular listener to Behavioral Grooves, please consider donating to our work through Patreon https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves. We also love reading your reviews on the podcast, which gives other listeners social proof that we’re worth listening to! © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links Melina Palmer, What Your Customer Wants and Can’t Tell You: Unlocking Consumer Decisions with the Science of Behavioral Economics: https://amzn.to/36Rm88I Episode 147: Gary Latham, PhD: Goal Setting, Prompts, Priming, and Skepticism https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/gary-latham-goal-setting-prompts/ Episode 235: Make Choice Rewarding: Behavioral Insights in Marketing with Matthew Willcox https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/marketing-matthew-willcox/ The Willpower Instinct by Kelly McGonigal https://www.learningjourneys.net/post/the-willpower-instinct-by-kelly-mcgonigal

Do honest people steal? Our guest, Kelly Paxton investigates and researches low level crimes such as book-keeping fraud; also known as Pink Collar Crime. She discusses how a hostile work environment and the prospect of financial difficulties at home can lead “good” people to rationalize dishonest behavior. Kelly Paxton is a former federal agent who was used to dealing with “bad guys.” Once she started working embezzlement cases, she quickly realized that honest people steal. The term pink-collar crime describes embezzlement type crimes that are typically committed by females. Can a man be a pink collar criminal? The simple answer is yes. It's the position not the gender but in these "pink" positions there are just more women than men. Topics we Discuss With Kelly Paxton (4:25) Welcome and speed round questions. (6:39) Why you should be concerned if your bookkeeper never takes a vacation. (7:15) What is Pink Collar Crime? (10:20) How Kelly’s career and curiosity lead her into investigating Pink Collar Crime. (14:48) What is The Fraud Triangle? (19:14) Do women steal differently than men? (28:35) What are the common behaviors of people who embezzle? (31:17) Who benefits and who takes the blame for embezzlement? (37:53) Who should you trust? (42:39) How people rationalize their dishonesty. (45:49) What should companies do to prevent pink collar crime? (49:49) Kelly's favorite music and playlists. Join us on our follow-on discussion in Episode 239 where Kurt and Tim have a Grooving Session on what Kelly has brought up in her interview and how we can apply insight from her interview into our own businesses. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links Kelly Paxton: https://www.linkedin.com/in/kellypaxton/ Kelly Paxton, Embezzlement: How to Detect, Prevent, and Investigate Pink-Collar Crime: https://amzn.to/3i57hN1 Great Women in Fraud: https://greatwomeninfraud.com/ Great Women in Fraud Podcast: https://podcast.greatwomeninfraud.com/ Dan Ariely: https://danariely.com/ The Dishonesty Project: https://www.thedishonestyproject.com/film/ Pink Collar Crime: https://pinkcollarcrime.com/what-is-pink-collar-crime How to Have a Good Day: Harness the Power of Behavioral Science to Transform Your Working Life by Caroline Webb: https://amzn.to/3eAaNhJ Episode 33: Caroline Webb: Having a Good Day: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/caroline-webb-having-a-good-day/ Go Fraud Me: http://gofraudme.com/ Rita Crundwell: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rita_Crundwell Talking to Strangers: What We Should Know about the People We Don't Know by Malcolm Gladwell: https://amzn.to/3i1sKGw Duped: Truth-Default Theory and the Social Science of Lying and Deception by Timothy Levine: https://amzn.to/3ehpWUC Big Little Lies: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Little_Lies_(TV_series) Episode 86: Christian Hunt: Mitigating Human Risk and The Algorithmic Mind: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/christian-hunt-mitigating-human-risk-and-the-algorithmic-mind/ Behavioral Grooves Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves Musical Links Foo Fighters “The Pretender”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SBjQ9tuuTJQ Harold Van Lennep “Liberation”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EEzMeDybBG0 Micheal Kiwanuka “Cold Little Heart”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nOubjLM9Cbc&ab_channel=MichaelKiwanukaVEVO

Continuing our series on Marketing and Employee Engagement this month, we were joined by Kelly Paxton on our latest interview episode: Why Good, Honest Employees Really Do Steal With Kelly Paxton (#240). Tim and Kurt discuss their fantastic conversation with Kelly who has authored Embezzlement: How to Detect, Prevent, and Investigate Pink-Collar Crime: https://amzn.to/3i57hN1 and is also the podcast host of Great Women in Fraud: https://podcast.greatwomeninfraud.com/. Kelly investigates and researches low-level crimes such as book-keeping fraud; also known as Pink Collar Crime. We were interested in her insight that a hostile work environment and financial difficulties at home can lead “good” people to rationalize dishonest behavior. We Discuss: Rationalizing dishonesty. Steps business leaders can take to avoid fraud. How to convince business leaders that they are vulnerable to embezzlement. Consider the environment you’re creating at work. It matters a great deal. Reviewing your own business habits. Links Kelly Paxton https://www.linkedin.com/in/kellypaxton/ Kelly Paxton, Embezzlement: How to Detect, Prevent, and Investigate Pink-Collar Crime https://amzn.to/3i57hN1 Great Women in Fraud https://greatwomeninfraud.com/ Great Women in Fraud Podcast https://podcast.greatwomeninfraud.com/ From Prison Cells to PhDs https://www.fromprisoncellstophd.org/ © 2021 Behavioral Grooves

When did a colleague last thank you for your work? Managers generally underappreciate their employees, but more importantly, they tend to undervalue the benefits of expressing their gratitude. Best-selling author, speaker and executive coach, Chester Elton has a lighthearted discussion with us about the value of expressing gratitude. What makes gratitude different to recognition? And how do you create a grateful work environment? Chester, along with his co-author, Adrian Gostick, have sold millions of books on how to lead with gratitude. In our conversation with Chester, he tells us how there is disparity between how well managers believe they are expressing their gratitude and how employees feel they are valued. To create a work environment based on gratitude, your colleagues need to know their work is appreciated. Showing gratitude to employees is the easiest, fastest and most inexpensive way to boost performance. Topics (5:07) Welcome to Chester Elton and speed round questions (8:03) Why being grateful brings us joy (14:27) Be specific with praise (17:16) The benefits of random acts of kindness (22:33) What’s the difference between gratitude and recognition? (23:48) How to create a work environment filled with gratitude (31:36) Your inner voice and why it matters (35:08) Chester’s Covid playlist (43:16) Grooving Session discussing how to apply Chester’s insights: Gratitude at work Recognition that we’re on track Expressing gratitude is not always through words Psychological safety at work Links Chester Elton https://chesterelton.com/ Leading with Gratitude: Eight Leadership Practices for Extraordinary Business Results by Adrian Gostick & Chester Elton https://amzn.to/36Cy8uo Leading with Gratitude Podcast with Chester Elton https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5idXp6c3Byb3V0LmNvbS8xMzI1MDUzLnJzcw?sa=X&ved=0CAMQ4aUDahcKEwjAoN-0keDxAhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAg&hl=en Leading with Gratitude Live https://vimeo.com/search?q=Leading%20with%20Gratitude%20Chester%20Elton We Thrive Together https://www.wethrivetogether.global/ The Gratitude Journal – LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/newsletters/the-gratitude-journal-6665677019063345152/ Anxiety at Work with Adrian Gostick & Chester Elton https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/anxiety-at-work-with-adrian-gostick-chester-elton/id1549312484 Roger Federer https://www.rogerfederer.com/ Rod Laver https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod_Laver John McEnroe https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McEnroe Chris Hadfield https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Hadfield Bill Manning https://www.torontofc.ca/content/bill-manning Think Like a Monk: Train Your Mind for Peace and Purpose Every Day by Jay Shetty https://amzn.to/3h8mptC Calm app https://www.calm.com/ Dan Airely https://danariely.com/ IKEA Effect https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA_effect Episode 170: Seven Questions to Assess the Psychological Safety of Your Teams with Susan Hunt Stevens https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/seven-questions-to-assess-the-psychological-safety-of-your-teams-with-susan-hunt-stevens/ Episode 220: How Do You Become Influential? Jon Levy Reveals His Surprising Secrets https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/how-to-be-influential-jon-levy/ Books by Chester Elton and Adrian Gostick Leading with Gratitude: Eight Leadership Practices for Extraordinary Business Results https://amzn.to/36Cy8uo Anxiety at Work: 8 Strategies to Help Teams Build Resilience, Handle Uncertainty, and Get Stuff Done https://amzn.to/3dr7gBK All In: How the Best Managers Create a Culture of Belief and Drive Big Results https://amzn.to/3AgtSyk The Best Team Wins: The New Science of High Performance https://amzn.to/2USP4KN The Orange Revolution: How One Great Team Can Transform an Entire Organization https://amzn.to/3ybULSb Musical Links Bonnie Raitt “Something to Talk About” https://youtu.be/mJ58TVYNFro Talking Heads “Psycho Killer” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O52jAYa4Pm8 Pharrell Williams “Happy” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZbZSe6N_BXs Danny Boy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ppdB6JX99Q

What is the science behind capturing people’s attention? And what do you do after you have someone’s attention; what is your intention? Is our attention fleeting and fickle, like a goldfish? Or is it something that can be recaptured and rekindled easily? Our guest today, Ben Parr cleverly uses a great Bonfire Analogy to describe how we ignite, build and rekindle attention. Ben Parr is an award-winning entrepreneur, author, investor, and journalist. He is the author of the best-selling book Captivology: The Science of Capturing People’s Attention and the Co-founder of Octane AI, the marketing automation platform for Messenger and messaging apps. Ben has a unique journey as an entrepreneur. In studying the science of attention, Ben has become deeply appreciative of storytelling; how we can capture and keep someone’s attention through a narrative. But one of the tricks that we can learn from Ben is the art of how to curate a story. How we can be intentional with our presentations, our writing or even our conversations so our audience remain enthralled. In our discussion with Ben, we talk about the reason he decided to research and write a book on attention. In a world where it feels like everyone is trying to grab our attention, Ben talks about how attention is something you need to both earn and be intentional about. (23:43) “Attention is not something that you just get, it's something that you have to both earn, and that you have to be intentional about and the way you get attention. Because I can get attention by running down the street streaking, but I'm not going to get the kind of attention I want and not from the people I want. And this podcast would be done from a jail cell!” Ben loves to discover new music which opens up a great conversation about his playlist and even though he is a saxophonist, Ben never set his aspirations on emulating one of the great saxophonists like Kenny G. But instead, always strives to be the best possible version of himself. Next, you can listen to our follow-on episode (#236); our Grooving Session with Kurt and Tim where we discuss how to apply Ben’s insights to improve our lives, relationships and work environments. Behavioral Grooves strives to bring you insight and research from world-leading experts. And we do this without the use of paid advertising. If you would like to support our continued ad-free work, please consider becoming a Behavioral Grooves Patreon by visiting https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves. Thank you! Topics (2:28) Welcome and Ben’s new suggestion for our speed round! (10:30) Why Ben wrote Captivology? (12:59) Goldfish vs. humans - who has a longer attention span? (15:47) Why capturing attention is like building a bonfire (18:43) How musicians Joshua Bell and Susan Geiser orchestrate your attention (22:15) Why David Copperfield is the master of keeping your attention (24:07) Curating the most important information (31:05) Techniques for curating information and how to tell a captivating story (35:40) Ben’s favorite trigger for capturing attention (39:26) How Ben discovers new music (41:34) Why Ben ultimately strives to just be a better version of himself © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links Ben Parr “Captivology: The Science of Capturing People's Attention” https://amzn.to/3ejByXB Captivology http://captivology.com/ Octane AI https://www.octaneai.com/ Dessa: On Being Deeply Human https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/dessa-being-deeply-human/ Inside the Backlash Against Facebook http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1532225,00.html Joshua Bell https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BJhZ0J3bIYc David Copperfield https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Copperfield Episode 226: The Power Of Unity: Robert Cialdini Expands His Best Selling Book Influence https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/cialdini-unity-in-influence/ Episode 155: John Bargh: Dante, Coffee and the Unconscious Mind https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/john-bargh-dante-coffee-and-the-unconscious-mind/ Dr. Michael Posner https://ion.uoregon.edu/content/michael-posner Michael Gazzaley https://neuroscape.ucsf.edu/profile/adam-gazzaley/ Episode 220: How Do You Become Influential? Jon Levy Reveals His Surprising Secrets https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/how-to-be-influential-jon-levy/ Episode 212: Scrutinizing Hype: Powerful lessons from The Hype Handbook with Michael F. Schein https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/scrutinizing-hype-with-michael-f-schein/ Discover Weekly Spotify https://www.spotify.com/us/discoverweekly/ Musical Links John Legend “All Of Me” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=450p7goxZqg OAR “Hey Girl” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fb17JzKSiVA Bube Fiasco “The Show Goes On” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rmp6zIr5y4U Afro Jack DJ “Rock The House” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q6h0_9Zv7aM Imogen Heap “Hide and Seek” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UYIAfiVGluk Led Zeppelin “Stairway to Heaven” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QkF3oxziUI4 Queen “Bohemian Rhapsody” https://

Continuing our series on Marketing and Employee Engagement this month, we were joined on our latest interview episode (#237) by Ben Parr, author of “Captivology: The Science of Capturing People's Attention” https://amzn.to/3ejByXB. His insights and research have valuable applications in marketing and entrepreneurship. We’re also doing things a little differently this month on Behavioral Grooves. Instead of discussing Ben Parr’s interview in our Grooving Session at the end of the episode, we’ve decided to make it a separate episode. We suggest you listen to Ben’s interview first (#237), and then join us on this episode where we discuss the practical applications of his fascinating work: How to gain and maintain attention. The importance of intentionality and context. Why synthesizing and curating is vital in maintaining attention. And, mostly importantly, how to be yourself. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves

Welcome to our series of episodes on Marketing and Employee Engagement. We'll be sharing insights into how to apply behavioral science in business. And we’ve started the series off with award-winning marketer, Matthew Willcox. He understands the fundamental importance of using behavioral insights to help organizations align with how people choose. He is one of the pioneers of applying behavioral science in marketing. In this episode, Tim and Kurt speak to Matthew about his book The Business of Choice – Marketing to Consumers Instincts (https://amzn.to/3qSYB0q). It was named the "Marketing Book Of The Year” and is the winner of the American Marketing Association’s prestigious Berry Book Prize. This book is full of practical tips for marketers. But what we truly love about Matthew’s work is that it lays out some fundamental insights into human behavior. Matthew is also the Behavioral Insights Lead at The Curious Company, which focuses on social impact and uses anthropology, behavioral economics and human centered design to make beneficial behaviors easy and natural. And over the years, Matthew has worked with Levi Strauss, Electronic Arts, Unilever, Nestlé, Shell and GlaxoSmithKline to help them craft their brand strategies. He has also acted as an expert on behavior change for the US Food and Drug Administration anti-smoking programs. “Make the behavior you need people to adopt an easy, natural and rewarding choice.” Our discussion with Matthew explores the idea of why marketing is more about choice, than consumption. Matthew describes the LENS model (Loss, Ease, Now, Social) that he uses as a framework to understand the behavior of choices. And a subject close to our heart; why context matters! And we learn more about Matthew through the list of music that he would take to a desert island. As we continue to adapt our podcast to our listeners' choices, we are publishing our interviews as a separate episode to our Grooving Session where we discuss how you can apply insights from our guest. Please tune in to the accompanying episode of Behavioral Grooves to listen to the practical applications of Matthew’s work. Topics we Discuss with Matthew Willcox (3:35) Welcome and speed round questions (9:05) When do we actually read product reviews; before or after a purchase? (11:19) Why marketing is about choice, not consumption (19:14) The LENS Model (28:52) Why context matters (33:30) What music would Matthew take to a desert island? © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links The Business of Choice https://thebusinessofchoice.com/ The Business of Choice – Marketing to Consumers Instincts https://amzn.to/3qSYB0q José Mourinho https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mourinho Sandpiper bird https://www.birds-of-north-america.net/sandpipers.html Availability Heuristic https://behavioralgrooves.com/behavioral-science-glossary-of-terms/ Dos Equis Mexican Beer https://dosequis.com/ Laphroaig https://www.laphroaig.com/en/ Vlad Griskevicius https://carlsonschool.umn.edu/faculty/vlad-griskevicius BBC Desert Island Discs - Daniel Kahneman https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0381l2v Musical Links Bach, Cantata 37 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=im1ZVQdB-TY Neil Diamond “Sweet Caroline” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1vhFnTjia_I Carolan “Fanny Power” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZRv3rLNP8pE Gary Moore “Parisienne Walkways” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vkUpfw4Hf3w Rita Ora “Anywhere” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ksdAs4LBRq8 Baby Rexha “I’m Going To Show You Crazy” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kEDZZin4_eM Bach “Goldberg Variations” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=15ezpwCHtJs Bach “The Art of Fugue” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y9OUfBDIGhw Beethoven “The Emperor Concerto” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hDXWK3W477w

We’re doing things a little differently this month on Behavioral Grooves. Instead of discussing Matthew Willcox’s interview in our Grooving Session at the end of the episode, we’ve decided to make it a separate episode. We suggest you listen to Matthew’s interview first (episode #235), and then join us on this episode where we discuss practical applications of Matthew Willcox’s fascinating work. At the start of our series on Marketing and Employee Engagement, Kurt and Tim discuss how we can apply Matthew Willcox’s techniques and research to improve our lives and our organization. Does reframing "consumers" to "choosers" change how we think about marketing? What the LENS model can teach us about human behavior. How do cognitive biases influence our decisions? These are the applications of Behavioral Science that we talk about in our Grooving Session: Marketing is About Choice The LENS Model Cognitive Biases as Design Features © 2021 Behavioral Grooves

We’re doing things a little differently this week. Instead of discussing Katy Milkman’s research at the end of our interview (Episode 232), we’ve decided to make our Grooving Session a separate episode. We suggest you listen to Katy’s interview first in the previous episode, and then join us here where we discuss how Katy's work will help you find your behavior-changing groove! In this Grooving Session we will learn to: Look for the obstacles that are preventing you from adopting new behaviors. Use the appropriate change technique based on the obstacles that are preventing you from changing. Give junior people a chance to lead, expect the best, and don’t punish them for failure. Work on becoming a Flexible Fernando so you don’t give in to the What-The-Hell Effect. Links Katy Milkman, How to Change: The Science of Getting from Where You Are to Where You Want to Be https://amzn.to/3wTSxH7 Kurt Lewin Behavior https://www.change-management-coach.com/kurt_lewin.html Force Analysis https://creately.com/blog/business/force-field-analysis/

We all appreciate a fresh start. Time to start again. A clean slate. Maybe we want to go to the gym more often, eat more vegetables, or read more books. But why do we often fail to maintain our new healthy habits? Our guest today, Katy Milkman PhD, believes that we often focus too much on the final outcome, rather than the steps that will get us there. Thinking about what is going to trigger our actions and what barriers are going to get in the way of our new behavior, are much more effective techniques than aiming for the finishing line. Katy Milkman is the James G. Dinan Professor at The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and holds a secondary appointment at Penn’s Perelman School of Medicine. Her research explores ways that insights from economics and psychology can be harnessed to change consequential behaviors for good. She is no stranger to podcasts, as host of the Charles Schwab podcast Choiceology with Katy Milkman, she explores key lessons from behavioral economics about decision making. More recently, Katy has published a new book, which is already a best-selling hit: How to Change: The Science of Getting from Where You Are to Where You Want to Be https://amzn.to/3wTSxH7. We are thrilled to delve into some of the groundbreaking research behind the book, as well as Katy's motivation for writing. In our conversation, we talk about a project she started with Angela Duckworth PhD, The Behavior Change for Good initiative that uses large scale or “Mega” experiments to explore many different behavior change ideas with over 150 of the top researchers in the world. Katy attributes a lot of her career success to her PhD mentor, Max Bazerman, one of our favorite guests on Behavioral Grooves (Episode 196: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/living-happier-by-making-the-world-better-with-max-bazerman/). We discuss the magic “algorithm” that Max uses to get the best out of his students and how we can all learn from these mentoring steps. Our conversation also touches on the more topical application of behavioral science; encouraging vaccination uptake. Katy’s early response to the COVID-19 pandemic was to start researching different message reminders sent to patients. We talk about how the endowment effect plays an important role in effective vaccination messaging. Next, you can listen to our follow-up Grooving Session (in separate episode #233) where Kurt and Tim do a deep dive discussion into Katy's interview and leave you with some actionable insight on how to change your habits. If you are a regular listener to Behavioral Grooves, please consider donating to our work through Patreon https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves. Your donations help support the cost of publishing the Behavioral Grooves podcast. We also love reading your reviews on the podcast, which in turn, helps others find our content. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Topics We Discuss with Katy Milkman (5:38) Welcome to Katy Milkman and speed round questions (6:36) The behavioral science behind a “Fresh Start” (10:25) Why being a Flexible Fernando is better than being being a Rigid Rachel (17:01) Does goal setting help change your behavior? (17:55) The value of breaking down a goal (20:24) What was the impetus behind Katy writing the book How to Change? (24:55) What is the Behavioral Change for Good initiative? (29:31) How did Katy become interested in Behavioral Science? (32:17) Why Max Bazerman is such a successful mentor? (40:24) How do we encourage more people to get vaccinated? (45:54) What music has Katy listened to through the pandemic? Links Katy Milkman, How to Change: The Science of Getting from Where You Are to Where You Want to Be https://amzn.to/3wTSxH7 Hengchen Dai PhD – Baseball research https://www.anderson.ucla.edu/faculty-and-research/management-and-organizations/faculty/dai Marissa A Sharif, Suzanne B Shu (2017), The benefits of emergency reserves: Greater preference and persistence for goals that have slack with a cost https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1509/jmr.15.0231 Al Bandura, Stanford University https://albertbandura.com/ Hal Hershfield, UCLA https://www.anderson.ucla.edu/faculty-and-research/marketing/faculty/hershfield Shlomo Benartzi, UCLA https://www.anderson.ucla.edu/faculty-and-research/faculty-directory/benartzi Angela Duckworth, Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance https://amzn.to/3wVoWwO Behavioral Change For Good https://bcfg.wharton.upenn.edu/ Daniel Kahneman https://amzn.to/3zRNHvL Episode 196: Living Happier By Making the World Better with Max Bazerman https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/living-happier-by-making-the-world-better-with-max-bazerman/ Lauren Eskreis-Winkler, Dear Abby: Should I Give Advice or Receive It? https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0956797618795472 Episode 226: The Power Of Unity: Robert Cialdini Expands His Best Selling Book Influence https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/cialdini-unity-in-influence/ Gretchen Chapman, Speaking of Psychology: Will peo

Today's guest is Dr. Larry Senn, PhD, a pioneer in the field of corporate culture. He founded Senn Delaney as a culture shaping firm back in 1978, based on his principle that organizations become shadows of their leaders. Larry works with CEO teams and organizations from top to bottom to create the behaviors needed to support strategies and enhance business results. And he was recently named “The Father of Corporate Culture” by CEO Forum magazine. Larry is also author of The Mood Elevator: Take Charge of Your Feelings, Become a Better You (https://amzn.to/2Us1clM), which is a way of exploring your moods, and resetting them. One way that Larry resets his mood? By listening to music! We love how Larry uses music as a way of motivating and resetting the mood and we talk to Larry about his personal music choices. Doing things that quieten your mind and becoming more peaceful, is one of Larry's Mood Elevator tools to help change your perspective. The purpose in Larry’s life has always been to help people live their best version of themselves: mentally, emotionally, physically and spiritually. He also believes that to be a good leader, you first have to take care of yourself. And he certainly practices what he preaches! Larry runs regularly to keep his body physically fit and enjoys competing in triathlons and bodyboarding with his son. We have edited this episode in a slightly different style. Instead of the normal format of discussing the interview in our Grooving Session at the end of the show, Kurt and Tim pause the interview throughout and take a few minutes to highlight some of Larry’s key take-away points. Let us know if you enjoyed this different format on Twitter @behavioralgroov or drop us an email at [email protected]. Topics We Discuss with Larry Senn (3:48) Welcome and speed round questions (5:14) Why is Larry fascinated by peak human performance? (8:10) Can you engineer an epiphany? (13:27) How Larry was influenced by Kurt Lewin’s organizational behavior work (16:05) Influencing cultural change in large organizations (19:28) The power of purpose (20:48) What is The Mood Elevator? (27:47) Why Larry keeps a gratitude journal (35:08) How to start a gratitude journal (38:10) How Larry cares for his physical and mental wellbeing (41:43) Owning your feelings (44:25) What are the biggest challenges facing corporate culture? (51:27) How Larry lifts his mood with music Links Larry Senn https://www.senndelaney.com/01_larry_senn.html Larry Senn, The Mood Elevator: Take Charge of Your Feelings, Become a Better You https://amzn.to/2Us1clM On YouTube https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCBZD_fKz4i08JczrN5FFelQ Kurt Lewin https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurt_Lewin Martin Seligman https://ppc.sas.upenn.edu/people/martin-ep-seligman Episode 220: How Do You Become Influential? Jon Levy Reveals His Surprising Secrets https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/how-to-be-influential-jon-levy/ Hanlon’s razor https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanlon%27s_razor Episode 226: The Power Of Unity: Robert Cialdini Expands His Best Selling Book Influence https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/cialdini-unity-in-influence/ Peter Drucker https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Drucker Malcolm Gladwell; The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference https://amzn.to/3qmhpF6 Episode 222: How Delusions Can Actually Be Useful: Shankar Vedantam Reveals How https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/shankar-vedantam-useful-delusions/ Musical Links Cat Stevens “Where Do The Children Play” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NXxcMw5PTDg The Cab “Endlessly” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WoWXANu5Rts Stress Relief, Deep Relaxation Music https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=58ZNeCS05lI Aretha Franklin “Respect” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6FOUqQt3Kg0

Dolly Chugh is an award-winning associate professor and social psychologist at the Stern School of Business at New York University. Her research focuses on the “psychology of good people”. How and why most of us, however well-intended, are still prone to race and gender bias, as well as what she calls “bounded ethicality.” Dolly sits down with Kurt and Tim on this episode, to talk about the concept of “good-ish” which is a central theme to her book The Person You Mean to Be: How Good People Fight Bias https://amzn.to/35tGwMe. Psychology and neuroscience have proven that our minds do things on autopilot. These shortcuts (or heuristics) are laden with unconscious biases, which are juxtaposed to our self identity as a “good” person; one that isn’t racist, sexist or homophobic. Dolly believes we should set a higher standard for ourselves by being good-ish people. By implementing a Growth Mindset, a concept pioneered by Carol Dweck, we don’t hang on too tightly to our identity. We learn to change, and to be taught and to grow. In our conversation with Dolly we learn about her beautiful analogy of headwinds and tailwinds that describe the invisible biases and systemic issues that many people in our world face. She explains the “Hmmm Framework” that she came up with after the January 6th Attack on the Capitol. And, of course, we discuss music and how Dolly incorporates it into her teaching and her writing. In our focused Grooving Session, Tim and Kurt extract the meaningful ways that we can apply Dolly’s work into our everyday lives. We summarize the key parts of our interview with her and how we can each challenge ourselves to find our good-ish groove! What You Will Learn from Dolly Chugh (2:41) Speed round questions (4:12) What is the difference between good and good-ish? (9:09) Why is a growth mindset so difficult? (12:28) Why we should integrate psychology more into our educational and political systems (15:48) How systemic racism and unconscious bias are related (29:12) Hmmm Framework and thought experiments (34:04) How do we discover our own blind spots? (38:58) How Dolly incorporates music into her teaching and writing (43:21) Applications from our interview with Dolly in our Grooving Session: Step back and be intentional, use “when...then…” statements. Don’t hold on so tightly to our identity and the status quo. Thought experiments to unveil our own ignorance. The Harvard Implicit Association Test (IAT). Self audit - look at our library, our magazines, our TV shows, what we talk about with friends. How are we showing up in the world? Are we being intentional with where we put our effort? © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links Dolly Chugh: http://www.dollychugh.com/about-dolly Dolly Chugh, The Person You Mean to Be: How Good People Fight Bias https://amzn.to/35tGwMe Carol Dweck, Mindset, The New Psychology of Success https://amzn.to/3wDv10I Episode 196: Living Happier By Making the World Better with Max Bazerman https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/living-happier-by-making-the-world-better-with-max-bazerman/ Mahzarin Banaji https://psychology.fas.harvard.edu/people/mahzarin-r-banaji Molly Kern https://www.molly-kern.com/ Happy Days https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ee0gziqT2Yk&ab_channel=ChiefScheiderChiefScheider Grey’s Anatomy https://youtu.be/dSGLObjyFvA Steve Martin and Nuala Walsh, Episode 209: GAABS and Improving the Future for Every Applied Behavioral Scientist https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/improving-the-future-for-every-applied-behavioral-scientist/ Katy Milkman, How to Change https://amzn.to/3wDZHzc Confronting the legacy of housing discrimination https://www.cbs.com/shows/cbs_this_morning/video/vLnaRgBIed_ph_NxZa2ZaivfdC_FeD1f/white-americans-confront-legacy-of-housing-discrimination/ Harvard Implicit Association Test https://implicit.harvard.edu/implicit/ Alec Lacamoire https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alex_Lacamoire Lake Wobegon Effect https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Wobegon Episode 214: Observing the Non-Obvious: How to Spot Trends Around You with Rohit Bhargava https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/the-non-obvious-rohit-bhargava/ Musical Links Hamilton “Alexander Hamilton” https://youtu.be/VhinPd5RRJw In the Heights “Blackout” https://youtu.be/T0V2cCjf1Tk Something Rotten! “A Musical” https://youtu.be/1KFNcy9VjQI Bruno Mars “The Lazy Song” https://youtu.be/fLexgOxsZu0 38 Special “Hold On Loosely” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJtf7R_oVaw Buffalo Springfield “For What It’s Worth” https://youtu.be/80_39eAx3z8

Talk about a unique career path! From performing at Woodstock before Jimi Hendrix, with his band Sha Na Na, to now being a Forensic Linguist, testifying for infamous court cases, one theme runs throughout the life journey of our guest Rob Leonard; his love of language. Rob Leonard started his unique career as a band member of Sha Na Na, one of only 32 bands who played at Woodstock in August of 1969. He played at the request of Jimi Hendrix and was the last band to go on to perform before Jimi went on to play one of his most memorable performances; the unforgettable rendition of the Star Spangled Banner. Sha Na Na shot to fame when Rob was studying for his undergraduate degree at Columbia University. Since his commitment to the band’s rehearsals and performances was so time consuming, Rob chose to study the only language that had classes available on Saturdays: East African Bantu (also known as Swahili). So after graduating, and leaving the band, he spent 7 years in East Africa carrying out socio linguistic fieldwork, and subsequently earning his PhD. Rob now practices as a forensic linguistics expert, analyzing the use of spoken and written language in a legal arena. He worked on the murder case of JonBenét Ramsey by analyzing the ransom note and testifying that it had not been written by the man who falsely confessed to her murder. Not only has he worked to solve cases in the US with the FBI, but he's also worked with Canada, and UK, law enforcement agencies as well. And he's worked on big corporate cases between Microsoft and Apple by carefully analyzing the way emails were written. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Quotes From Our Conversation with Rob Leonard (24:41) we can sort of use another metaphor, lift up the cover of the language and see what's going on underneath. And we can infer that there are certain patterns happening here that we then test for and we find (26:09) “Most of the information that is transmitted in a conversation does not come from the words that a speaker says, they come from the mind of the listener.” Topics we Discuss with Rob Leonard (4:48) Speed Round (6:08) Can you determine someone’s innocence from the way they speak? (8:40) What is forensic linguistics? (11:57) Non-random distribution of language (13:21) Rob’s journey into learning East African Bantu (19:18) How Rob found the career path into linguistics (25:55) Theory of Mind (34:12) Rob’s stories from playing at Woodstock (47:40) Grooving Session about Rob Links Robert Leonard https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_A._Leonard “Sha Na Na and the Woodstock Generation,” by George Leonard '67 and Robert Leonard '70 http://www.georgeleonard.com/sha-na-na-and-the-woodstock-generation.htm JonBenét Ramsey https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_JonBen%C3%A9t_Ramsey Tammy A. Gales PhD https://www.hofstra.edu/faculty/fac_profiles.cfm?id=3587&t=/Academics/Colleges/HCLAS/CLL/ Andy Warhol https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_Warhol Episode 220: How Do You Become Influential? Jon Levy Reveals His Surprising Secrets https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/how-to-be-influential-jon-levy/ Musical Links Sha Na Na “Teen Angel” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pqN9n2FbuJE Jimi Hendrix “The Star Spangled Banner” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TKAwPA14Ni4 Janis Joplin “Ball & Chain” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h66qXAK-q3o Sha Na Na “Tears on my Pillow” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W3He_gyNG6A&ab_channel=Foofsmom The Mamas and The Papas “California Dreamin’” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N-aK6JnyFmk&vl=en

This episode is a Behavioral Grooves first: we bring you our first ever joint podcast! Mid-way through the episode the tables turn and our guest interviews us! Our guest is the amazing Kelly Leonard, host of the great podcast called “Getting to Yes, And…” presented by Second City Works and WGN in Chicago. This unique conversation with Kelly, Kurt and Tim gives us a glimpse of the people behind the podcasts. It is a light-hearted, raw conversation scattered with some really personal, touching stories about challenges each of them have faced in their lives. For over 30 years, Kelly has worked at Second City Improv - in all capacities moving up to Executive Vice President. He’s worked with some of the most unforgettable and influential comedians on the planet, such as Stephen Colbert, Tina Fey, Keegan Michael Key, Seth Meyers and Amy Poehler! His book, "Yes, And," received rave reviews in Vanity Fair and the Washington Post. But what we really wanted to talk to Kelly about was his work as executive director of insights and applied improvisation at Second City. He now co-leads a new partnership with Booth School at the University of Chicago that studies behavioral science through the lens of improvisation. Their mission is to use humor and empathy, interactivity and dialogue, to elevate conversations and inspire people to perform better. Kelly talks to us about what improv actually is. He believes it’s fundamentally different from comedy and says many people tell him that improv training changed their life. He likens improv to “yoga for your social skills”! We discuss Kelly’s concept of “Yes, And”. So often as humans, our default setting when asked to be involved with something, is to do nothing or say no. But our regrets are almost always about the things that we didn't do. He describes saying “yes, and'' as a little nudge. And he has some innovative ways of sharing this idea through improv exercises Kelly has discovered that real value is added to the “Yes, And” approach by adding a final step called “Thank You, Because”. Those are the words that help bridge a gap between us and someone else we fundamentally disagree with. By thanking someone for sharing information, their “fear brain” isn’t triggered, and they feel gratitude. The “Because” part forces us to find something in what they’ve said that is true for both of us. We then have some space to stay in the conversation together. Our conversation with Kelly then flips! And for the first time ever on Behavioral Grooves, the interviewers become the interviewees! We delve into the behavioral science work that Tim and Kurt are passionate about; negativity bias and how to overcome it, talking to our emotions and naming our fears, the 4-Drive model of Motivation, as well as how to improve really dull work meetings! Kurt and Tim tell us the “yes, and” story of how the Behavioral Grooves podcast actually started! And Kelly shares how an office fire was the spark that ignited his podcast journey. In this unique episode you will learn what makes these 3 great podcast hosts really tick and what techniques and exercises they use to stay positive, grateful and what they’ve learnt by saying “yes, and”. Topics We Discuss in This Episode (3:36) Welcome to Kelly and speed round questions (5:00) What is improv? (10:32) The concept of “Yes, And” (17:15) Obstacles as gifts (20:08) Growth mindset vs. fixed mindset (21:46) “Wish” - a resilience exercise (23:36) Kelly talks music (26:56) Switch! Kelly welcomes Tim and Kurt (27:09) Negativity Bias (29:06) Talk to the emotions (31:23) How writing connects with your emotions (36:44) How Kurt started his business (37:03) The 4-Drive Model of Motivation (39:25) How Behavioral Grooves and Getting To Yes, And podcasts started (42:18) Meetings suck! How can we improve them? (44:29) Emotional safety at work (52:30) Who do Kurt and Tim REALLY want as a guest on their podcast? (59:42) Kurt and Tim’s Yes, And stories (1:04:18) Grooving session Links Kelly Leonard: https://www.secondcity.com/people/kelly-leonard+ Second City: Secondcity.com “Getting to Yes, And” Podcast: https://www.secondcityworks.com/podcast Art In An Instant: The secrets of improvisation https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/2018/lifestyle/science-behind-improv-performance/ The Big Short Movie https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Big_Short_(film) Richard Thaler https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Thaler The Second Science Project https://www.secondcityworks.com/about/research-insights Nicholas Epley “Mindwise: How We Understand What Others Think, Believe, Feel, and Want” https://amzn.to/34M4GRM Tim Harford “Messy: The Power of Disorder to Transform Our Lives” https://amzn.to/34JN9dc Kurt Nelson PhD, Communicating To Your Team During A Pandemic https://medium.com/@kurtnelson_84317/communicating-to-your-team-during-a-pandemic-insights-and-tips-for-leaders-rooted-in-behavioral-aebd938d0310 Devon Price PhD “Laziness Does Not Exist” https://amzn.to/3cqZl6Z “Getting To Yes, An

On this episode of Behavioral Grooves we chat with the founder of the engaging new app PIQUE. Bec Weeks is a behavioral scientist turned accidental entrepreneur! By joining forces with some of the brightest minds in behavioral science, including partners Sendhil Mullainathan, Eldar Shafir and Mike Norton, they have developed an amazing app that accompanies your favorite books. Pique takes users' interests in books to a new level with their slogan: Don't just read the book. DO the book. By using insights from psychology research, the app creates three-minute adventures that change how you see yourself and others. Pique helps you DO things. They know that just reading books doesn’t lead to change. Doing leads to change. That’s where the app can help. Pique has created curious, engaging content from some of the bestselling books from the last year: Katy Milkman's new book “How to Change” https://amzn.to/2RSeJCj Lidy Klotz “Subtract: The Untapped Science of Less” https://amzn.to/3p6XcT0 Annie Duke “How to Decide: Simple Tools for Making Better Choices” https://amzn.to/3yRPWyO And many more. You can check out the new app Pique here: https://getpique.app.link/4voB1E9VOgb. But first, listen in to Bec's chat with us. What You Will Learn About In This Episode (2:38) Welcome and speed round (5:06) What is Pique? (12:50) Why humor is an important part of the app (17:03) Why is the app called Pique? (21:13) How Bec has used analytics and algorithmic techniques (23:05) Bec’s journey to becoming an entrepreneur (26:49) The surprises of being an entrepreneur (32:43) How Bec first became interested in behavioral science (34:37) What music would Bec take to a desert island? (41:11) Grooving Session I you are a regular listener to Behavioral Grooves, we would really appreciate your support by writing us a podcast review or becoming a Behavioral Grooves Patreon Member at https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves. Thank you! © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links Bec Weeks: https://www.linkedin.com/in/becweeks/ Pique: https://getpique.app.link/4voB1E9VOgb Sendhil Mullainathan and Eldar Shafir “Scarcity: Why Having Too Little Means So Much” https://amzn.to/3uzvyz2 Ashley Whillans “Time Smart: How to Reclaim Your Time and Live a Happier Life” https://amzn.to/3wSy4lD Wendy Wood “Good Habits, Bad Habits: The Science of Making Positive Changes That Stick” https://amzn.to/2TzXxSr Dolly Chugh “The Person You Mean to Be: How Good People Fight Bias” https://amzn.to/34BinTD Katy Milkman “How to Change: The Science of Getting from Where You Are to Where You Want to Be” https://amzn.to/2RSeJCj Annie Duke “How to Decide: Simple Tools for Making Better Choices” https://amzn.to/3yRPWyO Lidy Klotz “Subtract: The Untapped Science of Less” https://amzn.to/3p6XcT0 Mike Norton and Elizabeth Dunn “Happy Money: The Science of Happier Spending” https://amzn.to/3c8Mlm1 Jennifer Aaker and Naomi Bagdonas “Humor, Seriously: Why Humor Is a Secret Weapon in Business and Life (And how anyone can harness it. Even you.)” https://amzn.to/3paWZhB Daniel Kahneman “Thinking Fast and Slow” https://amzn.to/3fZDvbA Episode 205: The Myth of the “Relationship Spark” with Logan Ury (featuring a guest appearance by Christina Gravert, PhD) https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/the-myth-of-the-relationship-spark-with-logan-ury-featuring-a-guest-appearance-by-christina-gravert-phd/ Episode 220: How Do You Become Influential? Jon Levy Reveals His Surprising Secrets https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/how-to-be-influential-jon-levy/ Episode 38: Linnea Gandhi: Crushing On Statistics https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/linnea-gandhi-crushing-on-statistics/ Episode 224: Why Is Noise Worse Than Bias? Olivier Sibony Explains https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/noise-with-olivier-sibony/ Deese–Roediger–McDermott paradigm (DRM): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deese%E2%80%93Roediger%E2%80%93McDermott_paradigm Musical Links Hamilton “Alexander Hamilton” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VhinPd5RRJw Radiohead “No Surprises” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u5CVsCnxyXg Taylor Swift “Love Story” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aXzVF3XeS8M Dua Lipa “We’re Good” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jr47YisIsz8 Wicked “Defying Gravity” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=glsmLGpqMzA Frozen “The Next Fight Thing” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TuC_-7vy_F0 Moana “You’re Welcome” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=79DijItQXMM Billie Eilish “Your Power” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fzeWc3zh01g Tame Impala “Let It Happen” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pFptt7Cargc Powderfinger “These Days” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7XaSm9-r_4U&ab_channel=Powderfinger Spiderbait “Black Betty” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nU1VfYYKMDk The Cat Empire “Brighter Than Gold” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QM_rIaUm7ac

The GodFather of Influence, Robert Cialdini joins us again on Behavioral Grooves to share his motivation for expanding his bestselling book Influence: The Psychology of Persuasion (https://amzn.to/3tyCpZ6) which now includes a completely new Seventh Principle of Influence: Unity. This additional principle can help explain our political loyalties, vaccine hesitancy and why media headlines can be so inflammatory. Another motivation for the revised edition to the book is to include more application to the Principles of Influence. So our conversation highlights some of Bob’s advice for start-up businesses and how they can harness the principle of Social Proof. And as general advice, Bob recounts how he recently advised a teenager to be generous to others - this in turn stimulates the Rule of Reciprocity, nurturing a relationship which is mutually beneficial. No episode of Behavioral Grooves would be complete without discussing music, even with guests we’ve interviewed before! But the theme of unity has a special significance with music and Bob highlights how music and dance bring people together and help them feel unified. Plus we get an interesting story of an experiment in France, and how a guitar case played a crucial part in one man’s luck. We hope you enjoy our discussion with The Godfather of Influence, Robert Cialdini. Since we generously share our great content with you, perhaps you feel influenced by the Rule of Reciprocity and will become a Behavioral Grooves Patreon Member at https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves! © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Topics we Discuss on Unity with Robert Cialdini (3:55) Speed round (6:50) Ideal number of stars on your online review (9:00) Why Cialdini wrote a new edition of Influence (12:13) The new Seventh Principle: Unity (15:10) How to harness social proof as a start-up (20:02) A new color of lies (22:22) Principle of Unity with politics (24:42) Tribalism and vaccine hesitancy (28:35) Why Trump getting vaccinated hasn’t influenced his voters (30:50) How framing of media headlines influences our perception of the news (33:24) The Petrified Forest Wood Principle (36:56) Where will the next generation of research go with Cialdini’s work? (40:52) What advice would Cialdini give your teenager? (48:23) Music and influence (53:05) Grooving session Robert Cialdini's Books Influence, New and Expanded: The Psychology of Persuasion https://amzn.to/3tyCpZ6 Pre-Suasion: A Revolutionary Way to Influence and Persuade https://amzn.to/3eGdyOW Links Episode 50: Robert Cialdini, PhD: Littering, Egoism and Aretha Franklin https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/robert-cialdini-phd-littering-egoism-and-aretha-franklin/ Increase Your Influence https://www.influenceatwork.com/ Godfather 2 Movie https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Godfather_Part_II Richard Thaler https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Thaler Daniel Kahneman https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Kahneman Episode 222: How Delusions Can Actually Be Useful: Shankar Vedantam Reveals How https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/shankar-vedantam-useful-delusions/ Donald Trump vaccine https://www.forbes.com/sites/jackbrewster/2021/04/20/trump-i-dont-know-why-republicans-are-vaccine-hesitant-again-floats-pfizer-conspiracy-theory/ Mike Pence https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/white-house/pence-set-receive-covid-vaccine-televised-appearance-n1251655 Petrified Forest Wood Principle https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/the-shaping-us/201909/the-petrified-wood-principle Stanley Schachter https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanley_Schachter Jerome Singer https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerome_E._Singer Episode 220: How Do You Become Influential? Jon Levy Reveals His Surprising Secrets https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/how-to-be-influential-jon-levy/ The psychology of misinformation: Why it’s so hard to correct: https://firstdraftnews.org/latest/the-psychology-of-misinformation-why-its-so-hard-to-correct/ How to combat fake news and misinformation: https://www.brookings.edu/research/how-to-combat-fake-news-and-disinformation/ Teaching skills to combat fake news and misinformation: https://www.washington.edu/trends/teaching-skills-to-combat-fake-news-and-misinformation/ Episode 102: Cristina Bicchieri: Social Norms are Bundles of Expectations https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/cristina-bicchieri-social-norms-are-bundles-of-expectations/ Episode 214: Observing the Non-Obvious: How to Spot Trends Around You with Rohit Bhargava https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/the-non-obvious-rohit-bhargava/ Behavioral Grooves Patreon https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves

Linnea Gandhi is one of our favorite people to talk with and we had the pleasure of welcoming Linnea back to Behavioral Grooves recently. We last spoke to her in 2018 when she confessed to having a crush on statistics (a crush she clearly still harbors!) Since that time though, she has made a significant contribution to the infamous new book Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment by Daniel Kahneman, Olivier Sibony and Cass Sunstein (https://amzn.to/3heyr5r). Linnea served as the chief of staff; project managing, researching and editing the groundbreaking work on the book. When we interviewed Olivier Sibony about Linnea’s contribution, he was glowing with compliments about her: “it took someone as miraculously organized, helpful and smart, always positive and in a consistently cheerful, good mood. And I can't imagine anyone else on the planet who could have pulled this off, but Linnea did. So she's amazing.” Linnea is a researcher, teacher, and practitioner of behavioral science in business settings. And she’s obsessed with error. Studying it, fixing it, and even embracing it – to enable better decisions by individuals and organizations. Linnea is passionate about bridging the gap between behavioral science in academia and its application in the real world. She teaches decision science at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business, studies it as part of her PhD at the Wharton School of Business, and consults on it through her company, BehavioralSight (https://behavioralsight.teachable.com/). This foothold in both worlds, has given Linnea the expertise for her current project which sees her teaching the topic of noise in an “edu-tainment” online video course. The tremendous new course (we got a sneak peak...it’s fantastic) is called Beyond Bias: How Noise May Be Drowning Out Your Decision Making Accuracy which is due to be published in June 2021. The course is purposefully designed for busy professionals who want to understand noise and how to mitigate it in organizations. Linnea and her team have meticulously planned the course videos so that they are short yet informative and entertaining. She is well aware that they are competing with Netflix for people’s attention! Our conversation weaves in some endearing anecdotes about her personal experience of working with Kahneman, Sunstein and Sibony on the book. As well as some of the hurdles of working (and recording) from home that many of us can identify with from the last year. But Linnea’s passion for her work on noise and her enthusiasm for statistics is contagious. So much so that it has almost convinced Kurt to start reading about statistics in his spare time (almost!) We hope you enjoy listening to Linnea’s work in behavioral science. At Behavioral Grooves, we are passionate about bringing you cutting edge interviews with the world’s best behavioral science practitioners, researchers and authors. If you would like to help support our work, please consider becoming a Behavioral Grooves Patreon at https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves, we really appreciate the support. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Topics We Discuss With Linnea (3:07) Speed Round (6:39) About Linnea’s new course on NOISE (16:45) Why humans don’t see easily see randomness (19:58) Working behind the scenes on NOISE (22:48) How did the authors first collaborate on NOISE (26:53) What finally convinced Linnea to get a PhD (36:12) Decision Hygiene and Linnea’s favorite technique (41:20) Music (43:20) Grooving Session Links “Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment” by Kahneman, Sibony and Sunstein, 2021 https://amzn.to/3heyr5r Statistics As Principled Argument https://amzn.to/3uhRU8c Linnea’s Video Course on Noise (coming in June 2021) “Beyond Bias: How Noise May Be Drowning Out Your Decision Making Accuracy” https://www.behavioralsight.com/online-learning Episode 224: Why Is Noise Worse Than Bias? Olivier Sibony Explains https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/noise-with-olivier-sibony/ Episode 38: Linnea Gandhi: Crushing On Statistics https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/linnea-gandhi-crushing-on-statistics/ Daniel Kahneman https://amzn.to/2QQksId Cass Sunstein https://amzn.to/3uj61Kp Olivier Sibony https://amzn.to/3u8LBnp Noise: How to Overcome the High, Hidden Cost of Inconsistent Decision Making https://hbr.org/2016/10/noise Episode 176: Annie Duke on How to Decide https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/annie-duke-on-how-to-decide/ Tania Lombrozo (Explanations) https://psych.princeton.edu/person/tania-lombrozo Mona Lisa https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mona_Lisa A Structured Approach to Strategic Decisions https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/a-structured-approach-to-strategic-decisions/ Duncan Watts https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duncan_J._Watts Angela Duckworth https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Duckworth Episode 99: Katy Milkman: Behavior Change for Good https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/behavior-change-for-good/ Barbara Mellers https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_Mellers Maurice Schweitzer http

NOISE is set to be the next behavioral science bestseller. Daniel Kahneman, Cass Sunstein and Olivier Sibony describe noise as the unwanted variabilities in our judgments. In our exclusive interview with co-author Olivier Sibony (https://oliviersibony.com/about/) we delve into the fundamentals of noise. What different types of noise are there? Where do we find noise? Why does bias get more attention than noise? And finally, Olivier’s favorite topic; how we can mitigate noise by using decision hygiene and actively open minded thinking. Olivier Sibony is a professor, writer and advisor specializing in the quality of strategic thinking and the design of decision processes. Olivier teaches Strategy, Decision Making and Problem Solving at HEC Paris. He is also an Associate Fellow of Saïd Business School in Oxford University. Olivier’s research centers on improving the quality of decision making by reducing the impact of behavioral biases. He is the author of numerous articles in academic and popular publications, including Before You Make That Big Decision, co-authored with Nobel Prize winner Daniel Kahneman. Our interview with Olivier is, as I’m sure you will agree. absolutely mesmerizing. Learning about the extent of noise in our lives from Olivier and from the new book, is truly enlightening. As their cleverly crafted catchphrase says "wherever there is judgment, there is noise, and more of it than you think." Thankfully, the brilliant team of authors have included lots of ways to combat the noise around us. And we know that our discussion with Olivier is just the first of many that we will have around this groundbreaking topic. Behavioral Grooves strives to bring you insight and research from world-leading experts in behavioral science, like Olivier. And we do this without the use of paid advertising. If you would like to support our continued ad-free work, please consider becoming a Behavioral Grooves patreon by visiting https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves thank you. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Topics We Discuss (4:38) Welcome to Olivier Sibony and speed round questions (7:51) The difference between bias and noise (11:32) Why has bias received more attention than noise? (14:15) Where noise can be found? (22:32) What is Decision Hygiene? (26:35) How to implement mitigation techniques against noise? (29:32) Actively Open Minded Thinking and what it means for leadership and education (38:45) What are the different types of noise? (44:18) The role of moral philosophical foundations and noise (49:28) Music (54:06) Grooving Session and Bonus Track Olivier Sibony’s Books Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment by Kahneman, Sibony and Sunstein, 2021 https://amzn.to/3heyr5r You're About to Make a Terrible Mistake: How Biases Distort Decision-Making and What You Can Do to Fight Them https://amzn.to/3u8LBnp Links Olivier Sibony https://oliviersibony.com/about/ Languedoc wine https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languedoc-Roussillon_wine Rhones Valley wine https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rh%C3%B4ne_wine Dr Itiel Dror https://www.ucl.ac.uk/~ucjtidr/ Apgar Checklist https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2015/10/the-apgar-score John Maynard Keynes https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Maynard_Keynes Max Bazerman “Better, Not Perfect: A Realist's Guide to Maximum Sustainable Goodness” https://amzn.to/3f4vvqm Bentham's Utilitarianism https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utilitarianism Kant's Deontological Approach https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ethics-deontological/ Noise: How to Overcome the High, Hidden Cost of Inconsistent Decision Making https://hbr.org/2016/10/noise Behavioral Grooves Patreon https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves Musical Links Yo-Yo Ma cellist “Bach Cello Suite No. 1 in G Major” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1prweT95Mo0 Billy Evans “My Foolish Heart” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a2LFVWBmoiw Keith Garrett “I Grew Up Today” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0PerFVC6KbU Oscar Peterson “C Jam Blues” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NTJhHn-TuDY More Great Episodes Of Behavioral Grooves Episode 220: How Do You Become Influential? Jon Levy Reveals His Surprising Secrets https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/how-to-be-influential-jon-levy/ Episode 211: A Thousand Thanks: A Lifetime of Experiments and Gratitude with AJ Jacobs https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/a-thousand-thanks-with-aj-jacobs/ Episode 204: How Shellye Archambeau Flies Like an Eagle https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/shellye-archambeau-like-an-eagle/ Episode 176: Annie Duke on How to Decide https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/annie-duke-on-how-to-decide/ Episode 147: Gary Latham, PhD: Goal Setting, Prompts, Priming, and Skepticism https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/gary-latham-phd-goal-setting-prompts-priming-and-skepticism/ Episode 38: Linnea Gandhi: Crushing On Statistics https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/linnea-gandhi-crushing-on-statistics/

Allison Zelkowitz seized the opportunity to use behavioral science at Save The Children to make a big impact on global projects. By building a world-first “nudge unit” within the organization, her story is an inspiring example of how application of behavioral science principles can make a real difference in the world. Allison Zelkowitz is the Founder and ‎Director of the Center for Utilizing Behavioral Insights for Children (CUBIC) https://www.savethechildren.net/cubic, part of the international nonprofit organization Save the Children. CUBIC is the first behavioural insights initiative or "nudge unit" in the world to focus on the most marginalised children’s rights and welfare. At CUBIC, they focus on nudging the behaviours and actions of decision-makers, educators, families and communities, so more children get the best possible start in life. Ultimately, Allison is well aware that changing behavior isn’t about telling people what to do, it’s about facilitating ways for them to change: understanding the barriers and effectively removing them. The projects of CUBIC are not just inspiring, they are also life-saving. Projects such as Nudging children in Thailand to wear bicycle helmets, Encouraging breastfeeding in Laos, and Increasing playful teaching methods to enhance children’s learning in Bangladesh. In our chat with Allison, she reveals the vast personal dedication that it took to enable CUBIC to be formed. We love that Allison first carved her interest in behavioral science by listening to podcasts in her spare time (Allison has since become a Behavioral Grooves Patreon https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves - thank you for your support!) But within the space of 14 months, her idea had grown into an international collaboration with other leading behavioral scientists, a huge fundraising effort, and eventually to the global launch of CUBIC in April 2020. In this episode you will learn: (11:05) What inspired Allison to start CUBIC at Save The Children International. (15:03) Why just giving people good information doesn't change their behavior. (19:45) An overview of setting up a Nudge unit. (23:55) The steps Allison took to build CUBIC in 14 months. (30:18) About the current project in the Philippines texting parents to encourage them to positively engage with their children. (41:54) Upcoming project on increasing vaccination uptake in the global south. (43:59) Music Allison enjoys. (48:58) Grooving Session and Bonus Track. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links CUBIC - Save The Children International: https://www.savethechildren.net/cubic Save The Children: https://www.savethechildren.org/?cid=Referral::POPUPwww.savethechildren.net::123199&utm_source=sciweb&utm_medium=web&utm_campaign=member_popup CUBIC: Save The Children initiative: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BCy9B-k2044 Eliud Kipchoge: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliud_Kipchoge United States Parachute Association: https://uspa.org/ Allison's Blog on Skydiving with Behavioral Science: https://www.patreon.com/posts/behavioral-in-32008134 Behavioral Grooves Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves Fadi Makki, Founder of Nudge Lebannon: https://nudgelebanon.org/our_team/fadi/ The Busara Center for Behavioral Economics: https://www.busaracenter.org/ Faisal Naru, OECD: https://www.oecd.org/gov/behavioural-insights.htm Josh Martin, Ideas 42: https://www.ideas42.org/blog/incorporating-behavioral-science-cash-transfer-programs-changing-lives/ The Behavioral Insights Team: https://www.bi.team/ Dr Susanna Loeb, The Annenberg Institute, Brown University: https://annenberg.brown.edu/publications/one-step-time-effects-early-literacy-text-messaging-program-parents-preschoolers The Lantern Group: https://lanterngroup.com/ Behavioral Alchemy: https://www.behavioralchemy.com/ Musical Links Hamilton Soundtrack: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLV78EPlNCZ5B1vHkRicCAdpbDqZ1DpLgM Journey “Don’t Stop Believing”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1k8craCGpgs Video for Allison’s wedding: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DD38az2cUsg Other Episodes You Will Enjoy Episode 202: How Chaning Jang Works Around Not Being WEIRD https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/how-chaning-jang-works-around-not-being-weird/ Episode 209: GAABS and Improving the Future for Every Applied Behavioral Scientist https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/improving-the-future-for-every-applied-behavioral-scientist/ Episode 190: Cornelia Walther on POZE: Pause, Observe, Zoom in, and Experience https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/cornelia-walther-on-poze-pause-observe-zoom-in-and-experience/ Episode 168: The Stages of Grief, Pandemics and the Psychology of Protests with Nicole Fisher https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/the-stages-of-grief-pandemics-and-the-psychology-of-protests-with-nicole-fisher/ Episode 165: Shlomi Ron: Visual Storying Telling In a Time of Crisis https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/shlomi-ron-visual-storying-telling-in-a-time-of-crisis/ Episode 146: Covid-19 Crisis: Mar

In this episode, we are delighted to welcome Shankar Vedantam, host of the wildly popular podcast, Hidden Brain and esteemed author of the new book Useful Delusions (https://amzn.to/2PUkzlv). Before reading Shankar’s book and interviewing him for this podcast we were, as Shankar describes himself, card-carrying rationalists. We were firmly in the camp of believing rational, scientific findings and believing that lies and deception are harmful to ourselves and to our communities. However, Shankar walks us through a compelling argument, that paradoxically, self-deception actually plays a pivotal role in our happiness and well-being. In our discussion with Shankar we cover: (6:38) Speed round questions. (11:04) The difference between self delusions being useful and being harmful. (16:23) How nations are a delusional construct. (23:00) Awareness of self-delusions and how daily gratitudes can shift our perspective of the world. (25:56) Shankar’s personal story of delusional thinking. (29:58) The role emotions play in our mood and delusions. (35:23) How avoidance of delusional thinking is a sign of privilege. (37:30) Why our perceptions play an important role in understanding delusions. (44:36) Shankar’s unique approach to conspiracy theories. (52:28) What music Shankar has been listening to during COVID. (52:15) Grooving Session and Bonus Track with Kurt and Tim. We really hope you find Shankar’s unique insight on how delusions are useful as compelling as we did. If you’re a regular Behavioral Grooves listener, please consider supporting us through Patreon (https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves). Thank you! © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Books Useful Delusions: The Power and Paradox of the Self-Deceiving Brain https://amzn.to/2PUkzlv The Hidden Brain: How Our Unconscious Minds Elect Presidents, Control Markets, Wage Wars and Save Our Lives https://amzn.to/3e1qgWY Links Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment by Kahneman, Sibony and Sunstein, 2021 https://amzn.to/3heyr5r Richard Dawkins https://richarddawkins.net/ Mahabharata https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahabharata Lake Wobegon Effect https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Wobegon Other Episodes We Talk About The Myth of the “Relationship Spark” with Logan Ury (featuring a guest appearance by Christina Gravert, PhD): https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/the-myth-of-the-relationship-spark-with-logan-ury-featuring-a-guest-appearance-by-christina-gravert-phd/ Robert Cialdini, PhD: Littering, Egoism and Aretha Franklin: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/robert-cialdini-phd-littering-egoism-and-aretha-franklin/ Self Control, Belonging, and Why Your Most Dedicated Employees Are the Ones To Watch Out For with Roy Baumeister: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/self-control-belonging-and-why-your-most-dedicated-employees-are-the-ones-to-watch-out-for-with-roy-baumeister/ George Loewenstein: On a Functional Theory of Boredom: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/george-loewenstein-on-a-functional-theory-of-boredom/ Gary Latham, PhD: Goal Setting, Prompts, Priming, and Skepticism: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/gary-latham-phd-goal-setting-prompts-priming-and-skepticism/ John Bargh: Dante, Coffee and the Unconscious Mind: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/john-bargh-dante-coffee-and-the-unconscious-mind/ Linda Thunstrom: Are Thoughts and Prayers Empty Gestures to Suffering Disaster Victims? https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/linda-thunstrom-are-thoughts-and-prayers-empty-gestures-to-suffering-disaster-victims/

Tim Kachuriak is the founder and Chief Innovation and Optimization Officer for NextAfter (https://www.nextafter.com/), a fundraising research lab and consulting firm that works with businesses, nonprofits, and NGOs to help them grow their resource capacity. By his own admission, Tim is not a behavioral scientist, but what we love about Tim’s work is that he is using knowledge and research from the world of behavioral science and applying it to improve the efficiency of gift giving for nonprofit organizations. And not only does he use behavioral science techniques, he tests the theories in the nonprofit sector and generously publishes the findings on the NextAfter website (https://www.nextafter.com/research/). In our conversation with Tim, he underscores the need for thinking about value proposition, a term widely used in the digital marketing world, but rarely thought of in terms of nonprofit organizations. He argues that potential donors are constantly weighing up the perceived value vs. the perceived cost of donating their money. Tim also brings up the idea of reducing friction for donors: how can the giving experience be improved to make donating money a more seamless transaction. And we couldn’t help but see the parallels with the infamous new behavioral science book NOISE coming out later this month (Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment (https://amzn.to/3heyr5r) by Kahneman, Sibony and Sunstein, 2021). There are many reasons why we donate to nonprofits; emotional reward, belonging, anger, guilt (or as Tim positively reframes it - gratitude!). Understanding these motivations is a huge part of Tim’s work and why, as behavioral scientists, we are fascinated to understand the research he has conducted around donations. Edit Hey groovers, just wanted to let you know that somehow, at 29:28 mins of the podcast we ended up cutting Tim’s response to the Susan G Komen question and can’t find it on the cutting room floor…sorry about that. What he answered was that it is important to look at the scale that these organizations work at and that sometimes spending 50% on marketing to raise a $100 million is more effective and can drive a larger change than only spending 10% on marketing, but only raising $10 million. We then went in and asked about how the pandemic has impacted giving.* We hope you enjoy our discussion with Tim Kachuriak and if you are a regular Behavioral Grooves listener, perhaps you feel motivated to donate to our work by becoming a Behavioral Grooves Patreon Member (https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves). © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Topics (0:06) Introduction to our guest, Tim Kachuriak (3:50) Speed Round Questions (5:57) Why do People Give? (9:41) The Principle of Reciprocity (12:10) Effective Messaging and Value Proposition (22:25) Reducing Friction (34:48) Music (40:27) Grooving Session (58:44) Bonus Track Links NextAfter (https://www.nextafter.com/) NextAfter Research To Grow Generosity (https://www.nextafter.com/research/) Institute for Sustainable Philanthropy (https://www.philanthropy-institute.org.uk/) Roger Dooley: Friction and Engagement (https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/roger-dooley-friction-and-engagement/) Susan G. Komen (https://www.komen.org/) Dan Pallotta, TED - The Way We Think About Charity Is Dead Wrong (https://www.ted.com/talks/dan_pallotta_the_way_we_think_about_charity_is_dead_wrong?language=en) John Hopkins University, Coronavirus Resource Centre (https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/) Rotary Club (https://www.rotary.org/) Salvation Army (https://www.salvationarmyusa.org/usn/) Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment (https://amzn.to/3heyr5r) by Kahneman, Sibony and Sunstein, 2021 Phish, Boardwalk Hall, Atlantic City on 10.30.2010 (https://phish.net/setlists/phish-october-30-2010-boardwalk-hall-atlantic-city-nj-usa.html) Behavioral Grooves Patreon (https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves) Musical Links Billy Joel “Scenes from An Italian Restaurant” (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hxx8IWIvKg0) Phish “Whole lotta love” (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x6XcIOGWUhY) Other Episodes We Talk About Robert Cialdini, PhD: Littering, Egoism and Aretha Franklin (https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/robert-cialdini-phd-littering-egoism-and-aretha-franklin/) Linda Thunstrom: Are Thoughts and Prayers Empty Gestures to Suffering Disaster Victims? (https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/linda-thunstrom-are-thoughts-and-prayers-empty-gestures-to-suffering-disaster-victims/)

Our guest, Jon Levy, is arguably one of the most influential behavioral scientists in the world. Over 10 years ago, Jon founded The Influencers Dinner, a secret dining experience for industry leaders ranging from Olympians, Nobel laureates, executives, to musicians. Over the course of the last decade, these dinners have developed into a wide community of influential people. Our opening speed round with Jon did not disappoint. We learn his unique perspective on which Star Trek Captains was the best, and the surprising answer to who his dream guest was at one of his dinners. In our discussion with Jon, he shares the secrets behind his influential approach: what motivated him to start this novel idea, how he developed it and the key steps behind the ongoing success of the community that he has curated. Jon’s second book, “You’re Invited: The Art and Science of Cultivating Influence” https://amzn.to/2RmlUlA is released on May 11, 2021. Which follows his hugely successful first book: “The 2 AM Principle: Discover the Science of Adventure” https://amzn.to/3eS3p0m. We had the privilege of previewing his latest book for this interview and we were blown away by Jon’s unique approach to cultivating human connections through trust and community. Of course, we discuss what music Jon has been listening to at home and we are surprised to learn what has recently sparked his musical interest. Jon has found that through his Influence Dinners, he has hosted a lot of his childhood pop idols, which he still enjoys listening to. Thanks for listening and thank you for taking a minute to join the others who have already left us a review. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Jon Levy's Books You're Invited: The Art and Science of Cultivating Influence https://amzn.to/2RmlUlA The 2 AM Principle: Discover the Science of Adventure https://amzn.to/3eS3p0m Links Jon Levy https://www.jonlevytlb.com/ Peter Cullen (voice of Optimus Prime) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Cullen James T. Kirk https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_T._Kirk Jean-Luc Picard https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Luc_Picard Neil deGrasse Tyson https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_deGrasse_Tyson Oprah https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey Beyonce https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyonc%C3%A9 Sir Richard Branson https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Branson Stephen Hawking https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Hawking Disney https://www.disney.com/ Mark Zuckerberg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Zuckerberg Nicholas Christakis https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas_Christakis James H. Fowler https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_H._Fowler The Spread of Obesity in a Large Social Network over 32 Years Christakis and Fowler (2007) https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmsa066082 Nike Run Club https://www.nike.com/gb/nrc-app Bill Nye the Science Guy https://billnye.com/ Parkour https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parkour The Daily Show https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Daily_Show The New York Times: Want to Meet Influential New Yorkers? Invite Them to Dinner https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/10/fashion/want-to-meet-influential-new-yorkers-invite-them-to-dinner.html SNVTA - Ventral tegmental area of the brain https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventral_tegmental_area Davos https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davos Bill Gates https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Gates Angela Merkel https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angela_Merkel TED https://www.ted.com/ My Octopus Teacher https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Octopus_Teacher United States Navy SEAL selection and training https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Navy_SEAL_selection_and_training The IKEA Effect https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA_effect#:~:text=The%20IKEA%20effect%20is%20a,of%20furniture%20that%20require%20assembly Common Biases & Heuristics https://docs.google.com/document/d/1XHpBr0VFcaT8wIUpr-9zMIb79dFMgOVFRxIZRybiftI/edit?usp=sharing Brené Brown https://brenebrown.com/about/ Adam Grant https://www.adamgrant.net/ Behavioral Grooves Patreon https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves Musical Links Bridgerton Soundtrack https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rowHZd7-F1U&ab_channel=LoopedSongs Vitamin String Quartet “Thank u, next” (Ariana Grande) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tmljfYBkGVg John Williams “The Imperial March from The Empire Strikes Back” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u7HF4JG1pOg&list=PL2yW2adfehiV0-wSa784KIT1ZJ5_YEVjd&index=2&ab_channel=JohnWilliamsVEVO Tribe Called Quest “Electric Relaxation“ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WHRnvjCkTsw&ab_channel=TribeCalledQuestVEVO Biggie Smalls (The Notorious B.I.G.) “Big Poppa” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=phaJXp_zMYM Maroon Five “Sugar” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09R8_2nJtjg&ab_channel=Maroon5VEVO 98 Degrees “I Do (Cherish You)” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09R8_2nJtjg&ab_channel=Maroon5VEVO Cowboy Junkies “Sweet Jane” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fa9nN3G2CSg&t=173s The Tragically Hip “Ahead by a Century” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QE2joQsWXJg Topics (4:46) Speed Round Question

In this episode we are thrilled to be discussing our two favorite topics: human behavior and music. We learn that music, more than any other activity, can help lift our mood, during COVID. Our guests Pablo Ripollés PhD and Ernest Mas Herrero have spent years studying how the brain responds to rewards, learning and memory. Early in the pandemic, they decided to conduct research on a long list of activities that people were doing at home to manage their stress and increase the pleasure in their lives. While a number of the activities were found to help with mental health, the research overwhelmingly showed that engaging with music was the best way to lift your mood. We have a really engaging conversation with Pablo and Ernest about their research findings on wellbeing and music. They believe that because listening to music is a passive activity and is so accessible, or “fun and free” as they call it, everyone can experience pleasure from it. And it’s not just listening to music; dancing, singing or playing music are all beneficial. We also learn that the best type of music to engage with is whatever music you really enjoy: “It will be beneficial as long as it is pleasurable.” The questionnaire Pablo and Ernest discuss in the podcast is the Barcelona Music Reward Questionnaire http://brainvitge.org/z_oldsite/bmrq.php. It will take you only a few minutes to find out about your individual sensitivity to musical reward. And you can also read Pablo and Ernest’s full research article: “Rock ’n’ Roll but not Sex or Drugs: Music is negatively correlated to depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic via reward-related mechanisms” https://psyarxiv.com/x5upn/. Listen in to find out more from Pablo and Ernest about how music can benefit your mental wellbeing. And If you’d like to support the work we do at Behavioral Grooves bringing you interesting research insights, please consider becoming a Patreon member at https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves. © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Topics (0:06) Introduction (5:20) Speed Round Questions (8:44) Research Insights with Pablo and Ernest (36:50) Grooving Session (50:26) Bonus Track Musical Links Dropkick Murphys https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCcIRZxNH7xcEt1fu4pfqFRg Rumba https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XrsK48Bp6T8 Catalan music https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kjJnF95TWN8 Zoo https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCBh82sG2OKv1J6Ij43mdFiw Depeche Mode https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCM-CWGUijAC-8idv6k6Fygw Aretha Franklin “Think” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HqYnevHibaI Links “Rock ’n’ Roll but not Sex or Drugs: Music is negatively correlated to depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic via reward-related mechanisms” Herrero et al (2020): https://psyarxiv.com/x5upn/ “Neural correlates of specific musical anhedonia” Martínez-Molina et al (2016): https://www.pnas.org/content/113/46/E7337 Pablo Ripollés: https://as.nyu.edu/faculty/pablo-ripolles.html Ernest Mas Herrero: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-8489 Jamón ibérico https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jam%C3%B3n_ib%C3%A9rico Lionel Messi https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lionel_Messi Michael Jordan https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Jordan Roger Federer https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger_Federer “Goal Gradient Theory” Kivetz et al (2006): https://home.uchicago.edu/ourminsky/Goal-Gradient_Illusionary_Goal_Progress.pdf Robert Zatorre, PhD https://www.mcgill.ca/neuro/robert-zatorre-phd Neomi Singer, PhD https://neuroscience-innovation.org/music-to-my-brain-neomi-singer Laura Ferreri, University of Lyon https://emc.univ-lyon2.fr/laura-ferreri-785895.kjsp Michael McPhee, NYU https://steinhardt.nyu.edu/people/michael-mcphee Hedonia and anhedonia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anhedonia Barcelona Music Reward Questionnaire http://brainvitge.org/z_oldsite/bmrq.php Spotify https://www.spotify.com/us/ The Ikea Effect https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA_effect#:~:text=The%20IKEA%20effect%20is%20a,of%20furniture%20that%20require%20assembly The Singing Revolution https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singing_Revolution Music of the Civil Rights Movement https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_songs Baroque Music https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ApSoNBu2wt8 Agatha Christie https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agatha_Christie Other Podcast Episodes Dessa: The Attention Shepherd on the Curious Act of Being Deeply Human” https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/dessa-being-deeply-human/ The Counterintuitive Persuasion of The Catalyst with Jonah Berger https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/the-catalyst-with-jonah-berger/ Chris Matyszczyk: Listening to Music While You Work https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/chris-matyszczyk-listening-to-music-while-you-work/ Covid-19 Crisis: Emotional Impact of WFH with Liz Fosslien https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/c-19-crisis-emotional-impact-of-wfh-with-liz-fosslien/ Jonah Berger episode: “The Counterintuitive Persuasion of The Catalyst with Jonah Berger” https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/the-catalyst-with-jonah-be

Our guest this week, Sandra Matz PhD exposes the truth behind our online presence. In our conversation, Sandra reveals that with simple analytics, the digital footprints we leave behind online (our Facebook Likes, our credit card transactions, our Google Map searches) add up to paint a very revealing picture of our personality and state of mind. Sandra Matz PhD is an associate professor at Columbia Business School. She takes a Big Data approach to studying human behaviour. Her methodologies use psychology, computer science and data collection to explore the relationships between people’s psychological characteristics and their digital footprints. Sandra’s work has been published in top-tier journals such as Psychological Science and the American Psychologist, and has attracted worldwide media attention from outlets like the Independent, the BBC, CNBC, the Washington Post, the Chicago Tribune, and the World Economic Forum. Our discussion delves into Sandra’s experience around social media profiles, digital ethics, data privacy and our understanding of informed consent. As always we find out about our guest’s musical taste but this week we even find out what our musical preferences can reveal about our personality and social identities. We hope you enjoy our discussion with Sandra Matz PhD, and if you do, please leave us a quick review or join our Patreon team at https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves. Topics 3:04 Welcome to Sandra Matz PhD and speed round questions 4:52 Discussion about Sandra Matz’s Research 52:32 Grooving Session 1:10:37 Bonus Track with Kurt Links Sandra Matz https://www8.gsb.columbia.edu/cbs-directory/detail/sm4409 Cambridge Analytica https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_Analytica Cass Sunstein https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cass_Sunstein GDPR https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Data_Protection_Regulation Kate Crawford, NYU https://ainowinstitute.org/about.html Helen Nissenbaum, Cornell https://nissenbaum.tech.cornell.edu/ Tory Higgins, Shared Reality: What Makes Us Strong and Tears Us Apart https://amzn.to/3aywWdW SoundCloud https://soundcloud.com/ Brene Brown https://brenebrown.com/ Steve Bannon https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Bannon Patreon https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves Behavioral Grooves @behavioralgroov https://twitter.com/behavioralgroov Kurt @motivationguru https://twitter.com/motivationguru Tim @THoulihan https://twitter.com/THoulihan Mary @BeSciMary https://twitter.com/BeSciMary Musical Links Taylor Swift https://www.youtube.com/user/taylorswift Justin Bieber https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCIwFjwMjI0y7PDBVEO9-bkQ Bob Dylan https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnRI0ay61tY-fKYzzB3fCnw Britney Spears https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C-u5WLJ9Yk4 Coldplay https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDPM_n1atn2ijUwHd0NNRQw ACDC https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCB0JSO6d5ysH2Mmqz5I9rIw Lady Gaga https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCNL1ZadSjHpjm4q9j2sVtOA

Research is showing that there are four broad groups of people who are the most vaccine hesitant: African Americans Latinos Women between the ages of 20 and 36 Rural Americans and Republicans Many of us have a family or friend who feels hesitant about the vaccination. In this episode, Kurt and Tim address how you can have a positive conversation with them, using proven behavioral science techniques. Compassionate curiosity Listen with compassion Understanding motivations Be genuine with curiosity Leverage the right messenger Framing what you’re going to share Think about their perspective Find an authority figure who they respect Trumpcine The Message Change the social norm Being able to take our masks off “Take a shot, take off your mask” Personalise the message Links Morgan Freeman https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morgan_Freeman Kwame Christian https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/kwame-christian-on-compassionate-curiosity-social-justice-conversations-and-cinnamon-toast-crunch/ Steve Martin & Joe Marks: BG episode https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/steve-martin-and-joe-marks-the-messenger-is-the-message/ Robb Willer, Stanford University https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robb_Willer Donald Trump https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_Trump Ivanka Trump https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivanka_Trump Ted Cruz https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Cruz Trumpcine https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucelee/2021/04/12/trump-calls-covid-19-vaccine-trumpcine-mocks-fauci-again/ Frank Luntz https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Luntz Robert Cialdini https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/robert-cialdini-phd-littering-egoism-and-aretha-franklin/ The Petrified Forrest https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/the-shaping-us/201909/the-petrified-wood-principle Katy Milkman https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/katy-milkman-phd-using-behavior-change-for-good/ Surfacing norms to increase vaccine acceptance https://psyarxiv.com/srv6t/ Patreon https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves © 2021 Behavioral Grooves

Dr. Melanie Green is a professor at the University of Buffalo. She joined us on the podcast to explain how the power of a compelling narrative, including the effects of fictional stories, can be used to change beliefs and attitudes. Her theory of "transportation into a narrative world" focuses on how immersive storytelling is a mechanism of narrative influence. It was an in-depth conversation that explored concepts around how stories move us, the power of narrative to affect both cognitive and emotional feelings, and how restorative narratives can be used to help heal communities after disasters. We touch on the psychological response of reactance, the appeal of conspiracy theory stories and the elements needed to create a compelling story. We also introduce - in a slightly more proper fashion - our production and research assistant, Mary Kaliff. We are excited to introduce Mary to our listeners and hope you will welcome her with a happy greeting on social media! Finally, no episode of Behavioral Grooves would be complete without understanding our guest’s musical tastes. Melanie’s upbringing in Gainesville, Florida influenced her lifelong love of music, in particular the hometown hero, Tom Petty. She’s also a fan of James Taylor, which delighted Tim. More recently, Melanie’s house is often filled with the sound of the Hamilton soundtrack, thanks to her children’s love of the musical, which delighted Kurt. So, it was wins all around. We hope you enjoy our conversation with Melanie and if you like it, please jump down to the bottom of your listening app and share a quick rating or a short review with us. It goes a long way in helping others decide if they should listen to Behavioral Grooves. Topics 0:07 Introduction 1:00 Hello from Mary Kaliff 3:46 Welcome and Speed Round with Melanie Green 7:44 Reactance and empathy 16:25 What makes a good story? 22:26 Storytelling in different mediums 27:12 Parasocial Interaction 33:10 Storytelling for social good 38:50 Conspiracy Theories 43:07 Melanie’s music and playlist 47:30 Grooving Session Quotes (14:13) If you do have a story that's not representative, the danger of it kind of having an undue influence on people's thinking and decision making is, I think, a real one, especially with something consequential, like these medical decisions. (18:21) the way that stories can inform us and change our minds, is through this process of being immersed in them. (31:17) And so a story can be a really nice kind of way of summarizing and illustrating the guiding principles maybe that people want the organization to follow (33:37) restorative narratives tell those stories, you know, how people move from something bad to kind of come back to a better place. Social Media Tim @THoulihan Kurt @motivationguru Mary @BeSciMary Other Content To listen to more podcasts about narratives and messages why not delve into these episodes: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/steve-martin-and-joe-marks-the-messenger-is-the-message/ https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/john-sweeney-everything-is-a-story/ © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links Melanie Green: https://www.buffalo.edu/cas/communication/faculty/green.html The Game of Thrones: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_of_Thrones Story telling Mirrors in the Brain: https://www.michaelharvey.org/new-blog/2019/12/29/storytelling-mirrors-in-the-brain Victoria Shaffer, PhD: https://psychology.missouri.edu/people/shaffer The Bible: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bible The Koran: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quran The Bhagavad Ghita: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita Pamela Rutledge: https://www.pamelarutledge.com/ Guy Schoenecker: https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2016/12/07/life-story-guy-schoenecker/ BI WORLDWIDE: https://www.biworldwide.com/careers/ Common Biases & Heuristics: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1XHpBr0VFcaT8wIUpr-9zMIb79dFMgOVFRxIZRybiftI/edit?usp=sharing Jon Levy: https://www.jonlevytlb.com/ Mirror Neurons: Why good stories provoke empathy and connection (Kyle Pearce) https://www.diygenius.com/mirror-neurons/ Musical Links Bruce Springsteen “Fire”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d5PoIrcyd34 “Hamilton” soundtrack: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aPSWZUExZ8M James Taylor “Never Die Young”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FbGrD4hxoBI Traveling Wilburys “End of the Line”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UMVjToYOjbM Tom Petty “Don’t Fade on Me”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KKUBlwVgVYc

Leidy Klotz is the Copenhaver Associate Professor of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Virginia. His research fills in underexplored overlaps between engineering and behavioral science, in pursuit of more sustainable environmental systems. He has published over 70 peer-reviewed articles in venues that include top academic journals in built environment engineering, engineering education, and design, as well as imprints of both Science and Nature. We explored the rarity of subtraction from our lives and the fact that we tend to add things much more than we remove things. Granted, we’ve been builders of things since the dawn of civilization, but when is enough, enough? Leidy suggested we begin any initiative by subtracting before we start adding. We traced the concept from Lao Tzu through DaVinci through Kurt Lewin and right up into today’s literature with Marie Kondo and Tim Ferriss. But Leidy’s thoughts are truly fresh because he is adding to this historical narrative with scientific data. He offered us fresh ways to think about this uphill battle with our natural desires. We also discussed Leidy’s view of the Planetary Tipping Point: where our very fixed-resource planet gets maxed out by humans with an unlimited desire for more. And we were pleased to talk about Kurt Lewin and his force-field analysis and, as you might expect, we enthusiastically discussed Bruce Springsteen as a prolific and gifted writer. We hope you enjoy our discussion with Leidy Klotz, and if you do, please leave us a quick review or join our Patreon team at https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves. Links Leidy Klotz, PhD: https://engineering.virginia.edu/faculty/leidy-klotz Lego https://www.lego.com/en-us Harry Potter Lego Set - Hogwarts https://www.lego.com/en-us/search?q=harry%20potter%20hogwarts Wildlife Bingo https://www.nature-watch.com/wildlife-bingo-game-p-176.html Michael Jordan https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Jordan Bruce Springsteen https://brucespringsteen.net/ Mayan City of Coba https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coba Marie Kondo https://konmari.com/ Tim Ferris https://tim.blog/ Da Vinci https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci Lao Tzu https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laozi Bowerbird https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bowerbird Allison Zelkowitz https://www.linkedin.com/in/allison-zelkowitz-197431a/?originalSubdomain=lb Chaning Jang https://www.busaracenter.org/staff-bios/chaning-8f39x Kurt Lewin https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurt_Lewin Kate Orff, Lexington Waterway Project https://www.scapestudio.com/people/kate-orff/ Dan Ariely “Predictably Irrational” https://danariely.com/books/predictably-irrational/ Roger Dooley “Friction” https://www.rogerdooley.com/books/friction/ Musical Links Bruce Springsteen “Darkness On The Edge Of Town” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kg0ekQBmzKs Bruce Springsteen “Born In The USA” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EPhWR4d3FJQ Bruce Springsteen “Western Stars” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_IXzAAKrsFE Bruce Springsteen “Letter to You” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AQyLEz0qy-g Topics 3:20 Leidy’s 6-year-old son answers a speed round question 4:34 Speed round with Leidy 7:14 Leidy’s book - Subtraction 13:00 “More-ality” 24:00 Planetary tipping points 26:15 Kurt Lewin force field theory 29:28 Kate Orff Lexington Waterways Project 33:40 Subtraction checklist 37:57 Springsteen 45:24 Grooving Interview Quotes (8:10) we're doing these mental searches for solutions, and our mind goes to additive solutions before it goes to subtractive ones. (12:01) as people are trying to change things from how they are to how they want them to be, we systematically think of adding first and then, only subsequently or with effort or with reminders, think of subtraction (35:15) so often we kind of come to a problem and don't actually spend time defining what the what the problem is, right (9:51) My favorite is Lao Tzu, even farther back talking about, to gain wisdom, you have to subtract something every day.

Rohit Bhargava is on a mission to help everyone in the world become a non-obvious thinker. In this episode, he talks with us about how intentionality is the key to seeing the non-obvious and how he uses The Haystack Method to gather insights from the world. He also shared how he has become a speed-understander and the benefits that go with it. In 2011, Rohit embarked on the annual task of documenting the digital trends of the year, which after a decade, culminated in his book on megatrends in 2021 #1 Wall Street Journal bestselling author of seven books including “Non-Obvious Megatrends: How to See What Others Miss and Predict the Future” https://amzn.to/3mpkJgn. Rohit discusses with us how he analyses trends, not just on the superficial level, but digging deeper into the “why” question. Our conversation with Rohit is full of compelling insights about the human condition, unique analysis of the world around us, and actionable tips on how to train yourself to observe with intention. You’ll also get a quick education in contemporary Latin music and some head-scratching about why He-Man ever became a superhero in the first place. Two of Rohit’s books are currently being republished into new editions; The Non-Obvious Guide to Virtual Meetings and Remote Work (Non-Obvious Guides) https://amzn.to/2OoxdbB The Non-Obvious Guide to Marketing & Branding (Without a Big Budget) (Non-Obvious Guides) https://amzn.to/3moIllg If you’re a regular Behavioral Grooves listener, please consider supporting us through Patreon. Thank you! https://www.patreon.com/behavioralgrooves © 2021 Behavioral Grooves Links Rohit Bhargava: https://www.rohitbhargava.com/ Isaac Asimov: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Asimov Ali Pittampalli “Persuadable”: https://www.alpitt.com/ Henry Coutinho-Mason “The Future Normal”: https://henrycoutinho-mason.com/ Maysoon Zayid: https://maysoon.com/ Telemundo: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telemundo Dan Simons Invisible Gorilla video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IGQmdoK_ZfY Tom Cruise “Cocktail”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5YbjzztYbUo He-Man: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/He-Man Telemachus: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telemachus Meave Leakey: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meave_Leakey Dan Hill - Episode 151: https://behavioralgrooves.com/episode/dan-hill-phd-on-the-facial-coding-of-trump-hendrix-prince-gretzky-and-the-beatles/ Hedgefox: https://www.russellsage.org/sites/default/files/Vohs_intro_0.pdf Books The Non-Obvious Guide to Virtual Meetings and Remote Work (Non-Obvious Guides): https://amzn.to/2OoxdbB The Non-Obvious Guide to Marketing & Branding (Without a Big Budget) (Non-Obvious Guides): https://amzn.to/3moIllg Non Obvious Megatrends: How to See What Others Miss and Predict the Future (Non-Obvious Trends Series): https://amzn.to/3mpkJgn Musical Links Neil Peart (Rush): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Peart Fanny Lu: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A1grimas_C%C3%A1lidas Maná “Rayando del Sol”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tY3O_Fbfjjs Carlos Vives “Cumbiana”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=baUk9YcCxBQ Carlos Vives & Shakira “”La Bibcicleta”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-UV0QGLmYys Juaness “Es Por Ti | One World: Together” At Home: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-pgvjxtHBOg Coffitivity: https://soundcloud.com/coffitivity Topics 6:37 Trends vs Fads 11:10 Haystack Method 13:18 Trends 19:15 Brave Enough to Change Your Mind 28:00 Non Obvious Brand 30:28 Spare Time 35:30 Rohit’s Inspiration 40:45 The Yellow Balloon Light Bulb 45:04 Naming 47:14 He-Man Quotes (6:37) ...trend is something that implicates behavior, which is very topical for us. And whereas a fad is just usually a thing or a platform, but doesn't always correlate to behavior. (7:55) ...a speed understander is someone who thinks about what to pay attention to as an end is intentional about what they choose not to pay attention to. (10:55) ...if you spend enough time gathering interesting, fascinating stories, instead of obsessing about why they're interesting or fascinating in the moment, then later on, you can start to spot the patterns that you would never have otherwise seen. (16:37) ...being observant is not a skill you're born with, or not born with. Being observant is a choice. (19:45)...being persuadable requires You to rethink those things, those assumptions, those points of view that you have. And I think the only way that anyone can do that is by not letting themselves be defined by the stands that they have taken. Because the more you see a stand that you've taken, or a belief or something that you've put out in the world as core to your identity, the less likely you are to change. (20:07) ...the more you see a stand that you've taken, or a belief or something that you've put out in the world as core to your identity, the less likely you are to change