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A grilled cheese is a simple and well-loved sandwich. It is a favorite food of many American children. But food writer and professional cook Christopher Kimball urges people to add some Korean flavor into their next grilled cheese. He suggests throwing kimchi into the mix. The spicy fermented cabbage is a traditional Korean food.烤奶酪是一种简单而深受喜爱的三明治。它是许多美国孩子最喜欢的食物。但美食作家和专业厨师克里斯托弗·金博尔敦促人们在下一个烤奶酪中加入一些韩国风味。他建议将泡菜加入其中。酸辣白菜是韩国的传统食品。Cheese with kimchi may sound strange, but the combination is not new. A Korean meal called budae jigae, or army base stew, was developed during the Korean War. It is a hot pot made with American foods, such as hot dogs, baked beans and noodles, along with kimchi and American cheese. Kimball recently published the cookbook “Cook What You Have,” which draws on common foods to create easy, weeknight meals. Kimchi and its flavorful juices make for a much more interesting grilled cheese than what many Americans grew up eating. Kimball also suggests adding cooked meat, like ham or bacon, to turn the sandwich into a more filling meal.奶酪和泡菜可能听起来很奇怪，但这种组合并不新鲜。在朝鲜战争期间开发了一种名为 budae jigae 或军队基地炖肉的韩国餐。这是一种用美国食品（如热狗、烤豆和面条）以及泡菜和美国奶酪制成的火锅。 Kimball 最近出版了食谱书“Cook What You Have”，该书利用普通食物制作简单的工作日晚餐。泡菜及其美味的汁液制作出的烤奶酪比许多美国人长大时吃的要有趣得多。 Kimball 还建议添加熟肉，如火腿或培根，将三明治变成更饱腹的一餐。Here is what you need to make yourself – and a few friends – a kimchi grilled cheese. 70 mL of mayonnaise 15 mL of kimchi juice, plus 300 mL of kimchi, with the liquid removed and cut into small pieces 8 pieces of sandwich bread 8 slices of cheese And 4 slices of thinly cut ham or 4 slices of cooked bacon这是您和几个朋友制作泡菜烤奶酪所需要的。蛋黄酱 70 mL 泡菜汁 15 mL，加泡菜 300 mL，去除液体并切成小块 8 片夹心面包 8 片奶酪 4 片切成薄片的火腿或 4 片熟培根In a small bowl, mix together the mayonnaise and kimchi juice. Spread the mixture evenly over one side of each piece of bread. Flip four of the slices to be mayonnaise side down. Then, top each piece with one slice of cheese, one slice of ham or bacon and one-quarter of the kimchi. Top each with another slice of the remaining cheese, then another slice of bread, with the mayonnaise side up. Press on the sandwiches to push the filling together.在一个小碗里，将蛋黄酱和泡菜汁混合在一起。将混合物均匀地涂抹在每片面包的一侧。翻转四片，使蛋黄酱面朝下。然后，在每块上面放一片奶酪、一片火腿或培根和四分之一的泡菜。在每个上面放上另一片剩余的奶酪，然后是另一片面包，蛋黄酱面朝上。按下三明治，将馅料压在一起。Heat up a 30-centimeter nonstick or cast-iron pan over medium heat. Add two of the sandwiches and cook them for two to three minutes. Using a wide spatula, flip the sandwiches and continue cooking them on the other side, for another two to three minutes. Remove the cooked sandwiches from the pan. Cook the remaining two sandwiches in the same way.↳ Cut each sandwich before you serve them. And lastly, enjoy!用中火加热 30 厘米的不粘锅或铸铁锅。加入两个三明治，煮两到三分钟。使用一把宽抹刀，翻转三明治，继续在另一边煮两到三分钟。从锅中取出煮熟的三明治。以同样的方式烹制剩下的两个三明治。↳ 在上菜前切好每个三明治。最后，享受吧！

Back in 2010, an international research team fitted tracking devices to birds they believed to be special – Arctic terns. And it turns out they were right, as described in US journal, PNAS. The Arctic tern has an extraordinary year-long migration from the Arctic Circle to the Antarctic Circle and back again.早在 2010 年，一个国际研究团队就为他们认为很特别的鸟类——北极燕鸥安装了跟踪装置。事实证明他们是对的，正如美国期刊《美国国家科学院院刊》所描述的那样。北极燕鸥经历了长达一年的从北极圈到南极圈再返回的非同寻常的迁徙。What does this route look like? Arctic terns begin their migration in the Northern hemisphere in the summer, which is breeding season. As it gets colder and darker, turning to winter, the birds fly southward, parallel to the coast of South America or hugging the coast of the African continent to reach their winter feeding ground, the Antarctic Circle. And they do not always fly in a straight line. While heading back up north, their flight path mimics an S-shape which they follow to save energy while navigating the wind systems in the different hemispheres. This journey is a round-trip of up to 35,000km long, which makes the Arctic tern's migration the longest of any bird. Plus, they see more daylight than any other animal on Earth!这条路线是什么样的？北极燕鸥在夏季即繁殖季节开始在北半球迁徙。随着天气越来越冷，越来越黑，转入冬季，鸟类向南飞去，平行于南美洲海岸或紧贴非洲大陆海岸，到达它们越冬的觅食地——南极圈。而且它们并不总是直线飞行。在向北返回时，它们的飞行路径模仿 S 形，它们遵循该形状以节省能源，同时在不同半球的风力系统中航行。这段旅程往返长达 35,000 公里，这使北极燕鸥的迁徙成为所有鸟类中最长的一次。此外，它们比地球上任何其他动物都能看到更多的日光！But, on this epic journey, the birds do take some well-deserved breaks. Heading northward, the population stops on the north and west coast of the UK to breed. A female lays one to three eggs in a nest, and after an incubation period of around three weeks, they hatch, and fluffy brown and grey chicks emerge. Meanwhile, the adult birds feed in the shallow coastal waters on fish, such as sand-eels. In contrast, while heading south, the birds appear to stop off in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean, where they indulge on fish and zooplankton, preparing themselves for their long journey ahead.但是，在这段史诗般的旅程中，鸟类确实得到了一些当之无愧的休息。向北前进，人口在英国的北部和西海岸停止繁殖。一只雌性在一个巢中产下一到三个卵，经过大约三周的孵化期后，它们孵化，并出现毛茸茸的棕色和灰色小鸡。与此同时，成年鸟类在沿海浅水区捕食沙鳗等鱼类。相比之下，当向南飞行时，这些鸟类似乎会停在北大西洋中部，在那里它们沉迷于鱼类和浮游动物，为接下来的漫长旅程做好准备。So, if you ever see a little black and white bird with red legs and a red beak, show them some appreciation. They have flown a long way to see you!所以，如果您看到一只红腿红嘴的黑白相间的小鸟，请向它们表示感谢。他们飞了很远的路来看你！词汇表tracking device 跟踪装置Arctic tern 北极燕鸥migration 迁徙Arctic Circle 北极圈Antarctic Circle 南极圈route 路线Northern hemisphere 北半球breeding 繁殖southward 向南地continent 大陆feeding ground 觅食地flight path 飞行路线wind system 风系round-trip 往返旅程lay 产（蛋）nest 鸟窝，鸟巢incubation 孵化hatch （雏鸟）孵出，破壳而出chick 雏鸟stop off 中途停留zooplankton 浮游动物beak （鸟）嘴，喙

Our environments can affect the way we feel. This is not a new concept – after all, the traditional practice of feng shui has been with us for thousands of years. More recently, scientific research concluded that the design of healthcare environments could support patients in their recovery. Increasingly, however, it is our homes that are being seen as places we can improve our wellness.我们的环境会影响我们的感受。这不是一个新概念——毕竟，风水的传统实践已经伴随我们几千年了。最近，科学研究得出结论，医疗环境的设计可以支持患者康复。然而，越来越多的人将我们的家视为可以改善我们健康的地方。A new approach to interior design suggests that many of us now care less about how our homes look and more about how they make us feel. How we feel can be influenced by a number of different things, including the furniture and objects within our homes and how these are arranged. For example, 'to create cosiness and the ability to connect with others, we want our furniture facing each other', says Lindsay T Graham, a personality and social psychologist. Smaller objects, too, have a lot of power, according to Monica Khemsurov, one of the founders of online design magazine Sight Unseen. Whether it's something an old friend made for us or a souvenir purchased while travelling, objects allow us to relive moments or feel closer to people we love at a glance. It makes sense, therefore, that taking a more intentional approach to where we place objects in our home, can affect our mood.一种新的室内设计方法表明，我们中的许多人现在不太关心我们家的外观，而更关心它们给我们的感觉。我们的感受会受到许多不同事物的影响，包括我们家中的家具和物品以及它们的布置方式。例如，“为了创造舒适和与他人联系的能力，我们希望我们的家具面对面”，人格和社会心理学家 Lindsay T Graham 说。在线设计杂志 Sight Unseen 的创始人之一莫妮卡·凯姆苏罗夫 (Monica Khemsurov) 表示，较小的物体也具有很大的力量。无论是老朋友为我们制作的东西，还是旅行时购买的纪念品，物品都能让我们重温美好时光，或与我们所爱的人一目了然。因此，有意识地处理我们在家中放置物品的位置会影响我们的心情，这是有道理的。Other elements that help create a personal space that makes you feel good include the type of lighting, the use of colour and texture, as well as bringing nature into the home. Plants and 'natural materials, particularly unpainted wood, are really great for keeping our stress levels in check', says environmental psychologist Sally Augustin. And controlling stress levels can also be helped by making sure our work space and any clutter are hidden from sight when we want to feel calm, for example, during our night-time routine before going to bed.其他有助于打造让您感觉良好的个人空间的元素包括照明类型、颜色和质地的使用，以及将自然带入家中。环境心理学家莎莉奥古斯丁说，植物和“天然材料，尤其是未上漆的木材，对于控制我们的压力水平确实非常有用”。当我们想要感到平静时，例如，在我们晚上睡觉前的例行活动中，确保我们的工作空间和任何杂物都隐藏在视线之外，也有助于控制压力水平。However we choose to adjust our living spaces to improve wellness, the final tip from the experts is to not treat our homes as a museum. Instead, we should see them as idiosyncratic and constantly changing – just like us.无论我们选择调整我们的生活空间以改善健康，专家的最后建议是不要将我们的家当作博物馆。相反，我们应该将他们视为与众不同且不断变化的——就像我们一样。词汇表concept 概念healthcare environment 医疗环境wellness 身心健康approach （思考问题的）方式，方法furniture 家具object 物体，实物arrange 布置，摆放cosiness 舒适，惬意connect with others 与他人产生联系face each other 面对面souvenir 纪念品relive 重温，回味at a glance 看一眼就…，立刻intentional approach 有意的方式place (v) 放置mood 心情，情绪a personal space 私人空间lighting 灯光，照明texture 纹理keep (something) in check 控制clutter (n) 杂物hide from sight 遮住，藏在视线外living space 生活空间idiosyncratic 独特的，与众不同的

Inflation has caused Argentinian artist Sergio Guillermo Diaz to create an unusual kind of art. He paints on money and sells it. With yearly inflation that likely neared 100 percent last year, Argentina’s 1,000-peso bill is worth around $5.60 officially and only $3.00 on private markets. Diaz, in a talk with Reuters in the northern city of Salta, said, "... it makes sense for me to paint on the largest denominated bill here in Argentina. Once I paint on it, I can sell it for much more than what the bill is worth."通货膨胀导致阿根廷艺术家塞尔吉奥·吉列尔莫·迪亚兹 (Sergio Guillermo Diaz) 创作了一种不同寻常的艺术。他在钱上画画然后卖掉它。由于去年的年通货膨胀率可能接近 100%，阿根廷 1000 比索的官方价值约为 5.60 美元，而在私人市场上仅为 3.00 美元。迪亚兹在北部城市萨尔塔接受路透社采访时说：“……对我来说，在阿根廷最大面额的钞票上作画是有意义的。一旦我在上面作画，我就能以比账单值多少钱。”He says he includes ideas about inflation and the peso's loss of value into his works, which also feature the U.S. one-dollar bill. On the money, he has painted pictures such as soccer star Lionel Messi lifting the World Cup. He has also created images about the peso's loss of value in recent years – a change that has helped pull 40 percent of the country's population into poverty. Diaz said his work shows “how inflation is lived, how this is growing, which ultimately affects us all, totally affects our lives and our purchasing power, how we are living through this crisis."他说他将关于通货膨胀和比索贬值的想法融入到他的作品中，这些作品也以美国一美元钞票为特色。在钱上，他画了足球明星莱昂内尔·梅西举起世界杯的照片。他还创造了比索近年来贬值的形象——这一变化导致该国 40% 的人口陷入贫困。迪亚兹说，他的作品展示了“通货膨胀是如何生活的，它是如何增长的，它最终影响到我们所有人，完全影响我们的生活和我们的购买力，以及我们如何度过这场危机。”

California has been hit with a series of powerful storms that began late last month. The storms have brought the state an extreme amount of rainfall. More than 17 people have died from the storms and over half of California’s 58 counties have been declared disaster areas, the governor said. There are even more storms expected in the coming days. California has also experienced a multi-year drought. The extreme dry period has severely cut water supplies and forced officials to urge residents to save water. Experts say the series of storms will help drought conditions, but it is not yet clear exactly how much.上个月底开始的一系列强风暴袭击了加利福尼亚。风暴给该州带来了极端的降雨量。州长说，超过 17 人死于风暴，加州 58 个县中有一半以上已被宣布为灾区。预计未来几天还会有更多风暴。加州也经历了多年干旱。极端干旱时期导致供水严重中断，迫使官员敦促居民节约用水。专家表示，这一系列风暴将有助于缓解干旱状况，但尚不清楚具体有多大。However, the rain and snow will not be enough to fix some of California’s long-term water problems that climate change is making worse. Here is a look at how the storms will affect California’s long struggle with drought:然而，雨雪不足以解决加州的一些长期水资源问题，气候变化正在加剧这些问题。以下是风暴将如何影响加州与干旱的长期斗争：California has experienced six so-called atmospheric rivers in recent weeks. Atmospheric rivers are narrow areas in the atmosphere with a lot of moisture. Three more are expected, with the storms set to continue for at least another week, Governor Gavin Newsom said Tuesday.最近几周，加州经历了六条所谓的大气河流。大气河流是大气中含有大量水分的狭窄区域。州长加文·纽森 (Gavin Newsom) 周二表示，预计还会有三场风暴，风暴将至少持续一周。The rain has come especially hard in central California, including the San Francisco Bay Area and Sacramento Valley. Rainfall is 138 percent higher than the average for this time of year, officials said. The storms have also brought snow to the Sierra Nevada Mountains along California’s eastern border. Most of the state's reservoirs remain below average for this time of year. But some have begun to fill, especially those close to the hard-hit Sacramento area and along parts of the Sierra Nevada. The reservoirs are important for supplying water to the Central Valley. That is an area of farmland that grows large amounts of fruits, nuts and grains. The reservoirs also supply water to millions of people living in coastal cities.加利福尼亚州中部的降雨尤其严重，包括旧金山湾区和萨克拉门托山谷。官员们说，降雨量比每年这个时候的平均水平高出 138%。风暴还给加州东部边界的内华达山脉带来了降雪。每年这个时候，该州大部分水库的水位仍低于平均水平。但有些已经开始填满，尤其是那些靠近受灾严重的萨克拉门托地区和内华达山脉部分地区的地区。这些水库对于向中央山谷供水很重要。那是一块种植大量水果、坚果和谷物的农田。这些水库还为沿海城市的数百万居民供水。“What we’ve got so far puts us in good shape, probably for at least the next year,” said Alan Haynes. He is a water expert with the California Nevada River Forecast Center. Snowpack is its own type of reservoir. Snow saves moisture that hopefully melts slowly into reservoirs, supplying people with water during summer and fall. But now that snowpack often melts too quickly and reservoirs are not able to capture enough of it.艾伦海恩斯说：“到目前为止，我们所拥有的一切都让我们处于良好状态，可能至少在明年是这样。”他是加州内华达河预报中心的水资源专家。积雪是它自己类型的水库。雪保存的水分有望慢慢融化成水库，在夏季和秋季为人们提供水源。但是现在积雪经常融化得太快，水库无法收集足够的积雪。It is still early in the winter and it is unclear what the next few months will bring. Last year, statewide snowpack around this time also looked hopeful. But a few warm, dry months followed. When snowpack was supposed to peak in early April, it was just 38 percent of the historic average. Also, the storms have not dropped as much water on northern California. A reservoir at Lake Shasta that was at 55 percent of its historical average on December 25 had risen to 67 percent by January 9. It is better, but still well below historical averages, Haynes said. The atmospheric rivers are not hitting everywhere. David Gochis is an expert in how water affects the weather at the National Center for Atmospheric Research. For some of the biggest reservoirs, it may take five or six large rainfall events to fill them, he said.冬天还早，还不清楚接下来几个月会发生什么。去年，这个时候全州范围内的积雪看起来也充满希望。但接下来是几个温暖干燥的月份。当积雪本应在 4 月初达到顶峰时，它仅为历史平均水平的 38%。此外，风暴并没有给加利福尼亚北部带来那么多的水。沙斯塔湖的一个水库在 12 月 25 日的蓄水量是历史平均水平的 55%，到 1 月 9 日已经上升到 67%。海恩斯说，情况有所好转，但仍远低于历史平均水平。大气河流并非无处不在。 David Gochis 是国家大气研究中心研究水如何影响天气的专家。他说，对于一些最大的水库，可能需要五到六次大降雨才能蓄水。Many farmers in California pump water from underground. Some wells are running dry. It is something that is not going to be solved by a short-term series of storms, experts said. And while there have been some wet years mixed in, California’s drought has been going on for about 20 years. Climate change is creating drier, hotter conditions. Water evaporates faster. California officials predict there will be less water in the state’s future. Jeannie Jones is with the California Department of Water Resources. She said, “Big picture, this series of storms really is kind of just a drop in the bucket.”加利福尼亚州的许多农民从地下抽水。一些水井正在干涸。专家表示，这不是短期的一系列风暴就能解决的问题。虽然有一些潮湿的年份，但加州的干旱已经持续了大约 20 年。气候变化正在创造更干燥、更炎热的环境。水蒸发得更快。加州官员预测，该州未来的水资源将会减少。珍妮·琼斯供职于加州水资源部。她说，“从大局来看，这一系列的风暴真的只是沧海一粟。”

Messaging service WhatsApp has added support for a tool to help users stay online when governments block the internet. The company – owned by Facebook’s parent Meta – recently announced it would let users connect to WhatsApp through proxy servers.消息服务 WhatsApp 增加了对一种工具的支持，以帮助用户在政府封锁互联网时保持在线。该公司由 Facebook 的母公司 Meta 所有，最近宣布将允许用户通过代理服务器连接到 WhatsApp。A proxy acts as a bridge to connect users to the internet through servers in other places. Proxy servers can be set up by individuals or organizations around the world. The proxy system can permit people to be online even when governments have restricted or cut off internet services in their area. In its announcement, WhatsApp said the proxy tool represents an effort to “put the power into people’s hands” to connect to its service if the internet is blocked or restricted.代理充当桥梁，通过其他地方的服务器将用户连接到互联网。代理服务器可以由世界各地的个人或组织设立。代理系统可以允许人们上网，即使政府限制或切断了他们所在地区的互联网服务。 WhatsApp 在其公告中表示，代理工具代表着一种努力，即在互联网被封锁或限制时“将权力交到人们手中”以连接到其服务。The company said proxy support was launched for WhatsApp users all over the world. In its statement, however, WhatsApp identified Iran as a nation where the government has been blocking the internet for months. Such actions “deny people’s human rights and cut people off from receiving urgent help,” WhatsApp said. Iran’s government has a history of cutting internet and messaging services. In 2018, Iranian officials ordered internet service providers to block messaging service Telegram. At the time, Iran had an estimated 40 million Telegram users, nearly half the country’s population.该公司表示，已为全球 WhatsApp 用户推出代理支持。然而，在其声明中，WhatsApp 将伊朗列为政府封锁互联网数月的国家。 WhatsApp 表示，此类行为“剥夺了人们的人权，并使人们无法获得紧急帮助”。伊朗政府有切断互联网和消息服务的历史。 2018 年，伊朗官员命令互联网服务提供商屏蔽消息服务 Telegram。当时，伊朗估计有 4000 万 Telegram 用户，几乎是该国人口的一半。The banning of Telegram came as widespread demonstrations took place in many Iranian cities to protest government economic policies. In recent months, Iran has seen widespread demonstrations in the country’s Kurdistan province and in major cities. The protests began following the death of a 22-year-old woman who died while in police detention. The woman, Mahsa Amini, was arrested by officers of Iran’s “morality police.” The morality police oversee the enforcement of Iran’s restrictions on behavior and clothing in public. Amini was arrested for violating the country’s Islamic dress rules.Telegram 被禁止之际，伊朗许多城市发生了广泛的示威活动，抗议政府的经济政策。最近几个月，伊朗在该国的库尔德斯坦省和主要城市发生了广泛的示威活动。抗议活动是在一名 22 岁的妇女在被警方拘留期间死亡后开始的。这名名叫 Mahsa Amini 的妇女被伊朗“道德警察”的官员逮捕。道德警察负责监督伊朗在公共场合对行为和着装的限制的执行情况。阿米尼因违反该国的伊斯兰着装规定而被捕。Iran blocked WhatsApp, as well as Meta-owned service Instagram, as unrest broke out over the protests related to Amini’s death. The company said using a proxy server would not change “the high level of privacy and security that WhatsApp provides.” For example, it said all personal messages sent over the service will still be protected by end-to-end encryption. Encryption is a process that turns information or data into a form of code in order to hide the information. WhatsApp provides step-by-step instructions for users wishing to use a proxy server. The company also created a guide for volunteers and organizations who want to set up proxy servers for users.由于与阿米尼之死有关的抗议活动爆发，伊朗封锁了 WhatsApp 以及 Meta 拥有的服务 Instagram。该公司表示，使用代理服务器不会改变“WhatsApp 提供的高度隐私和安全性”。例如，它表示通过该服务发送的所有个人信息仍将受到端到端加密的保护。加密是将信息或数据转换为代码形式以隐藏信息的过程。 WhatsApp 为希望使用代理服务器的用户提供分步说明。该公司还为想要为用户设置代理服务器的志愿者和组织创建了指南。Some users in countries facing government interference use virtual private networks (VPNs) to connect to the internet. A VPN uses software to link to private computer networks in other areas to make it appear that a device or computer is operating in another country. There are some similarities between VPNs and proxy servers. But one difference is that, in addition to hiding where users are operating from, VPNs also encrypt a user’s internet data. In September, WhatsApp competitor Signal announced it was offering proxy server support so users in Iran could use that service.面临政府干预的国家/地区的一些用户使用虚拟专用网络 (VPN) 连接到互联网。 VPN 使用软件链接到其他地区的私人计算机网络，使设备或计算机看起来像是在另一个国家/地区运行。 VPN 和代理服务器之间有一些相似之处。但一个区别是，除了隐藏用户操作的位置外，VPN 还会加密用户的互联网数据。 9 月，WhatsApp 的竞争对手 Signal 宣布提供代理服务器支持，以便伊朗用户可以使用该服务。In a report issued in June, the United Nations Human Rights Office said it had documented 931 internet shutdowns in 74 countries between 2016 and 2021. “Shutdowns are powerful markers of sharply deteriorating human rights situations,” the report said. The U.N. also noted that internet blockages carry major economic costs across many industries. Economic harms caused by shutdowns, the report said, “are felt over long periods of time, greatly exacerbating pre-existing social and economic inequalities.”联合国人权办公室在 6 月发布的一份报告中表示，它记录了 2016 年至 2021 年间 74 个国家/地区的 931 次互联网关闭。“关闭是人权状况急剧恶化的有力标志，”报告称。联合国还指出，互联网封锁给许多行业带来了重大的经济成本。报告称，停工造成的经济危害“在很长一段时间内都能感受到，极大地加剧了先前存在的社会和经济不平等。”

Do you get your best ideas when you are bored, or when you are out doing new things? What should we look for when we want to be more creative? Boredom and stimulus may be opposites, but studies into creativity suggest that actually we might need both.当你感到无聊时，或者当你出去做新事物时，你会得到最好的想法吗？当我们想要更有创意时，我们应该寻找什么？无聊和刺激可能是相反的，但对创造力的研究表明，实际上我们可能两者都需要。Writing for BBC Culture, Clair Thorp looks at the role that boredom plays in the creative process. Many writers and artists credit being bored with helping them have their best ideas – JK Rowling came up with Harry Potter while on a long train journey. Thorp tells us how some researchers believe that boredom drives our brains to find something to do – leading to creative ideas. So, maybe we should take the advice of the musician Questlove and learn to ignore the distractions that we can find on our phones.克莱尔·索普 (Clair Thorp) 为 BBC Culture 撰稿，着眼于无聊在创作过程中所扮演的角色。许多作家和艺术家都认为无聊是因为帮助他们有了最好的想法——JK 罗琳在长途火车旅行中想出了哈利波特。Thorp 告诉我们一些研究人员如何相信无聊会驱使我们的大脑找点事做——从而产生创造性的想法。所以，也许我们应该听取音乐家 Questlove 的建议，学会忽略手机上的干扰。However, before we all start planning how to bore ourselves into creativity, Sandi Mann, an academic and author, warns that too much boredom can take away the energy we need for creativity. Many experts talk about the importance of finding new experiences in order to be more creative. Actor and writer Kayode Ewumi recommends getting on a random bus and seeing where you end up or learning a new musical instrument as ways to avoid writer's block. Professor Gerard Puccio, a professor of creativity studies, believes that having to look at new things, or old things in a different light, can force us to make unusual connections and come up with innovative solutions.然而，在我们开始计划如何让自己陷入创造力之前，学者兼作家桑迪·曼 (Sandi Mann) 警告说，太多的无聊会带走我们创造力所需的能量。许多专家都谈到寻找新体验以提高创造力的重要性。演员兼作家 Kayode Ewumi 建议搭上一辆随机巴士，看看你最终会去哪里，或者学习一种新乐器，以此来避免作家的瓶颈。创造力研究教授 Gerard Puccio 教授认为，必须以不同的眼光看待新事物或旧事物，可以迫使我们建立不寻常的联系并提出创新的解决方案。So, perhaps what we need is a balance – enough stimulus to make us look at things in different ways, and enough boredom to give us the breathing space to work through these thoughts.所以，也许我们需要的是一种平衡——足够的刺激让我们以不同的方式看待事物，足够的无聊给我们喘息的空间来解决这些想法。词汇表creative 有创造力的，有创意的stimulus 激励（创作）的因素creative process 创意过程come up with 想出drive 迫使，驱使creative idea 创意musician 音乐家distraction 分散注意力的事物plan 计划energy 精力，干劲experience 经历writer's block 作者心理阻滞，神思枯竭，写不出东西in a different light 从不同的角度（考虑某事）unusual 不寻常的，独特的innovative 创新的，新颖的breathing space 喘息的空间work through 推敲，斟酌

Whether you love to belt out tunes at karaoke or just sing in the shower, it turns out that singing can be good for both physical and mental health. And you don't even have to be good at it!无论您是喜欢在卡拉 OK 中大声高唱还是只是在淋浴时唱歌，事实证明唱歌对身心健康都有好处。而且您甚至不必擅长它！The physical and mental advantages of singing are caused by a combination of factors, according to Baishali Mukherjee from the World Federation of Music Therapy. He told BBC Future, "The physical exertion involved in singing – filling of our lungs, the firm control of our vocal cords, the movements of our mouth and body – is among the reasons why it can boost our mood." Hitting all the notes involves breathing control and the use of the diaphragm. This can lead to an increase of oxygen intake and lung capacity.世界音乐治疗联合会的 Baishali Mukherjee 表示，唱歌对身心的好处是由多种因素共同造成的。他告诉 BBC Future，“唱歌所涉及的体力消耗——充盈我们的肺部、坚定地控制我们的声带、我们嘴巴和身体的运动——是它可以提升我们情绪的原因之一。”击中所有音符涉及呼吸控制和隔膜的使用。这会导致氧气摄入量和肺活量的增加。Also, apparently, singing in a group brings just as many benefits as singing solo. It has been estimated that over 2.2 million people in Britain now regularly sing in a choir. A choir can be amateur or professional and is made up of people who sing together, often in harmony with different people singing different parts, such as soprano or tenor, according to their vocal range.此外，显然，集体唱歌带来的好处与独唱一样多。据估计，英国现在有超过 220 万人定期在合唱团唱歌。合唱团可以是业余的，也可以是专业的，由一起唱歌的人组成，通常由不同的人根据他们的音域演唱不同的部分，如女高音或男高音。A 2022 University of Vienna study found that choral singing enhances feelings of trust and bonding among a group, which can help with depression and loneliness. And, aside from mood-boosting, other proven mental health benefits of singing include a lowering of stress and anxiety levels due to the release of endorphins – the so-called 'happy hormones'.维也纳大学 2022 年的一项研究发现，合唱可以增强团队之间的信任感和凝聚力，这有助于缓解抑郁和孤独感。而且，除了提升情绪外，唱歌的其他经证实的心理健康益处包括由于释放内啡肽（所谓的“快乐荷尔蒙”）而降低压力和焦虑水平。So, whether you are a confident vocalist or not, give singing a go! You don't need an instrument because that's you. And yes, you might forget the lyrics or sound a little out of tune, but remember, there are a wealth of positives.所以，不管你是不是一个自信的歌手，都试试唱歌吧！你不需要乐器，因为那是你。是的，您可能会忘记歌词或听起来有点跑调，但请记住，有很多积极因素词汇表belt out 引吭高歌tune 曲子，旋律karaoke 卡拉OKsing 唱歌exertion 力气vocal cord 声带hit all the notes 唱准所有的音符breathing control 呼吸控制diaphragm 横隔膜singing solo 独唱choir 合唱团amateur 业余的，非职业的in harmony 和声soprano 女高音tenor 男高音vocal range 音域choral 合唱的vocalist 歌手instrument 乐器lyric 歌词out of tune 走调的，音不准的

Many of us were told from an early age that, be it at school or in life, "you learn from your mistakes". But is this actually true?我们中的许多人从小就被告知，无论是在学校还是在生活中，“你从错误中吸取教训”。但这真的是真的吗？The short answer is 'yes' – failure can be a teachable moment. But learning from our mistakes is, in reality, very hard because we don't like to fail. It doesn't feel good, so we react to failure in impulsive and emotional ways, like giving up on a task prematurely, telling ourselves we don't care whether we succeed, or finding fault with the task itself. This is self-protective, according to Hallgeir Sjåstad, a professor of psychology and leadership at the Norwegian School of Economics. "Most of us want to think of ourselves as competent and capable", he says, so when we fail "it poses a serious threat to our self-image".简短的回答是“是的”——失败是一个可教的时刻。但实际上，从错误中吸取教训非常困难，因为我们不喜欢失败。感觉不好，所以我们以冲动和情绪化的方式对失败做出反应，比如过早地放弃一项任务，告诉自己我们不在乎我们是否成功，或者对任务本身挑剔。根据挪威经济学院心理学和领导力教授 Hallgeir Sjåstad 的说法，这是一种自我保护。他说：“我们大多数人都想认为自己有能力和能力”，所以当我们失败时，“这对我们的自我形象构成了严重威胁”。Fortunately, there is research to suggest that there are some strategies to help us overcome the emotional barriers around failure. One of them is to adopt a third-person perspective. Instead of asking "Why did I fail?", we could ask "Why did Sam fail?", for example. Multiple studies by psychologist Ethan Kross at the University of Michigan show that adopting a third-person perspective helps to soften our negative emotional reactions, allowing us to look at failure more objectively.幸运的是，有研究表明，有一些策略可以帮助我们克服失败带来的情绪障碍。其中之一是采用第三人称视角。例如，与其问“为什么我失败了？”，不如问“为什么 Sam 失败了？”。密歇根大学心理学家 Ethan Kross 的多项研究表明，采用第三人称视角有助于缓和我们的负面情绪反应，使我们能够更客观地看待失败。A second strategy involves offering advice to others who may be in the same position as us. This strategy led to better levels of motivation and academic success in the test groups – involving both adults and children – that were asked to give advice based on their own failures. Professors Eskreis-Winkler, Fishbach and Duckworth found that the satisfaction of helping others "forces people to engage with their experience and what they have learned".第二种策略涉及向可能与我们处境相同的其他人提供建议。这种策略导致测试组（包括成人和儿童）的积极性和学业成功水平更高，他们被要求根据自己的失败提供建议。 Eskreis-Winkler、Fishbach 和 Duckworth 教授发现，帮助他人的满足感“迫使人们参与到他们的经验和所学中”。The writer Samuel Beckett once said: "fail again, fail better". But it now seems that we should be saying: "fail again, fail smarter". Failure is an inevitable part of life, but by learning to overcome the emotional barriers around it, we may find the road to success is a little easier to navigate.作家塞缪尔·贝克特曾说过：“再失败一次，失败得更好”。但现在看来，我们应该说：“再次失败，更聪明地失败”。失败是生活中不可避免的一部分，但通过学习克服周围的情感障碍，我们可能会发现通往成功的道路更容易驾驭。词汇表teachable moment 施教时刻，值得学习的时刻impulsive 冲动的prematurely 过早地succeed 成功find fault with 挑剔，找岔子self-protective 自我保护的competent 有能力的capable 能干的pose a threat to 对…造成威胁self-image 自我形象strategy 策略overcome 克服barrier 障碍adopt a perspective 采用…视角third-person 第三人称的soften 缓和objectively 客观地in the same position as 处境相同的motivation 积极性satisfaction 满足感engage with 直面inevitable 不可避免的navigate 驾驭，穿越

We've all been there – staring at a pile of books, desperately hoping that what we study will stick in our mind. Many of us have probably asked if there's any way that we can get better at remembering things. So, why don't we look at what memory experts say about this?我们都去过那里——盯着一堆书，绝望地希望我们所学的东西能牢记在心。我们中的许多人可能会问，是否有任何方法可以让我们更好地记住事物。那么，我们为什么不看看内存专家对此的看法呢？Every student who has made flashcards knows that it can be helpful to go back over what they've studied before. According to The Learning Scientists – a group of cognitive scientists – we can learn things better if we wait for some time before trying to study them again. They say that trying to retrieve something from your memory after you have had some time to forget it will make it easier to remember in future.每个制作过抽认卡的学生都知道，回顾一下他们之前学过的内容会很有帮助。根据学习科学家（一群认知科学家）的说法，如果我们在尝试再次研究之前等待一段时间，我们可以更好地学习事物。他们说，在你有一段时间忘记某件事后，试着从你的记忆中找回一些东西，会让以后更容易记住。Similarly, David Robson, writing for BBC Future, highlights studies that show taking some time to just do nothing after studying might mean that you can remember things better afterwards. We don't know exactly why this happens, but it has been suggested that it's to do with the relationship between long-term and short-term memory.同样，为 BBC Future 撰稿的大卫·罗布森 (David Robson) 强调研究表明，在学习后花一些时间什么都不做可能意味着你可以在事后更好地记住事情。我们不知道为什么会发生这种情况，但有人认为这与长期记忆和短期记忆之间的关系有关。Another study tip from The Learning Scientists is to change between different topics as you study. They say this can help you build links between different ideas. Now, linking ideas and relating them to each other or to images are often suggested as good ways to memorise something. Former world memory champion Jonathan Hancock highlights how picturing pieces of information in different physical locations or linking them to memorable images makes them easier to remember. Linking new information to things that are easier to remember is a technique that many people use – it could be making letter patterns into words called mnemonics, or by sorting things into categories.The Learning Scientists 的另一个学习技巧是在学习时在不同的主题之间切换。他们说这可以帮助你在不同的想法之间建立联系。现在，将想法联系起来并将它们相互联系起来或与图像联系起来通常被认为是记忆某些东西的好方法。前世界记忆冠军乔纳森·汉考克 (Jonathan Hancock) 强调了在不同物理位置描绘信息片段或将它们与令人难忘的图像联系起来如何使它们更容易记住。将新信息与更容易记住的事物联系起来是许多人使用的一种技术——它可以将字母模式变成称为助记符的单词，或者将事物分类。There are also more general things that we can do to improve our memory. Hancock says that being generally organised makes things easier for your brain, while many other experts also recommend avoiding stress, alcohol and smoking, and that we should get a lot of rest and exercise. So, the good news to take from this is that while it may be hard, improving our memory is something we can control.我们还可以做一些更一般的事情来提高我们的记忆力。汉考克说，大体上有条理会让你的大脑更容易工作，而许多其他专家也建议避免压力、酒精和吸烟，我们应该多休息和锻炼。所以，从中得到的好消息是，虽然这可能很难，但提高我们的记忆力是我们可以控制的。词汇表stick in someone's mind 刻在某人的脑海里flashcard 抽认卡，（有文字或图片的）教学卡片go back over 复习cognitive 认知的retrieve 找回long-term memory 长期记忆short-term memory 短期记忆study tip 学习技巧link 使联系relate 找到联系memorise 记住picture 想象memorable image 难忘的图片pattern 模式mnemonic 帮助记忆的符号，助记符号

Do you ever struggle with choosing your outfit in the morning? If you have a full wardrobe yet still feel you don't have anything to wear, you might want to build yourself a capsule wardrobe!您是否曾经为早上选择衣服而苦恼？如果你的衣柜已经装满了，但仍然觉得没有什么可穿的，你可能想为自己打造一个胶囊衣橱！So, what is this? Put simply, a capsule wardrobe is a small selection of items of clothing that complement each other, and are therefore interchangeable. Key to the capsule wardrobe is solid basics, like plain tops, and, ideally, neutral colours, because they make combinations easier. Think about the versatility of a simple pair of denim jeans. They can be combined with trainers and a t-shirt for a casual look or a blazer paired with heels, or loafers, if you want to look more sophisticated. Fashion bloggers also talk about timeless classics – picture a luxury black handbag that will suit any occasion and won't go out of style.那么，这是什么？简而言之，胶囊衣橱是一小部分相互补充的衣物，因此可以互换。胶囊衣橱的关键是扎实的基本款，例如纯色上衣，以及理想的中性色，因为它们让组合更容易。想想一条简单的牛仔裤的多功能性。它们可以搭配运动鞋和 T 恤打造休闲造型，或者如果您想看起来更精致，可以搭配西装外套搭配高跟鞋或乐福鞋。时尚博主还谈论永恒的经典——想象一款适合任何场合且不会过时的奢华黑色手提包。But why might it be beneficial to build a capsule wardrobe? Well, by limiting your choices, it can become much easier to choose what to wear, but there is another advantage too – it can reduce the amount of fast fashion. Fast fashion refers to clothes which are trendy for just a short time, so are quickly replaced by newer trends. This results in cheap and poor-quality clothing which has huge environmental costs as waste goes to landfill, resulting in an increase in pollution. According to UK clothes waste charity TRAID, the average garment is worn just 10 times before being disposed of. So, having a capsule wardrobe with long-lasting and high-quality clothes should help reduce this, even if it means paying more in the first place.但为什么打造胶囊衣橱会有好处呢？好吧，通过限制你的选择，选择穿什么会变得容易得多，但还有另一个好处——它可以减少快时尚的数量。快时尚是指流行时间很短，很快就会被更新的潮流所取代的衣服。这导致廉价和劣质的服装随着废物进入垃圾填埋场而产生巨大的环境成本，从而导致污染增加。根据英国服装垃圾慈善组织 TRAID 的数据，平均每件衣服只穿 10 次就被丢弃。因此，拥有一个装有经久耐用且质量上乘的衣服的胶囊衣橱应该有助于减少这种情况，即使这首先意味着要付出更多。Fashion and lifestyle magazine, Vogue, says 'building an excellent capsule wardrobe takes time and patience'. But, if you want to reduce waste and have some extra time in the morning, it might be time to start building!时尚和生活方式杂志 Vogue 说“打造出色的胶囊衣橱需要时间和耐心”。但是，如果你想减少浪费并在早上有一些额外的时间，可能是时候开始建造了！词汇表outfit 全套服装capsule wardrobe “胶囊衣橱”，极简主义衣橱complement 为…增色，相互补充interchangeable 可互换使用的，可交替的basics 基本款plain 朴素的，素色的top 上衣neutral colour 中性色combination 搭配versatility 有多种用途trainers 运动鞋casual 休闲的blazer 正式的西装外套pair 搭配heels 高跟鞋loafers 乐福鞋，平底便鞋sophisticated 成熟高雅的timeless classic 永不过时的经典suit 适合，适宜于go out of style 过时fast fashion 快速时尚trendy 时髦的trend 潮流garment （一件）衣服

Are you a good judge of character? Can you make an accurate judgement of someone's personality based only on your first impression of them? Ironically, the answer lies as much in them as it does in you.你能很好地判断人品吗？仅凭第一印象就可以准确判断一个人的性格吗？具有讽刺意味的是，答案在他们身上和在你身上一样多。One of the first people to try to identify good judges of character was US psychologist Henry F Adams in 1927. His research led him to conclude that people fell into two groups – good judges of themselves and good judges of others. Adams's research has been widely criticised since then, but he wasn't entirely wrong about there being two distinct types.1927 年，美国心理学家亨利·F·亚当斯 (Henry F Adams) 是最早尝试确定良好的品格判断力的人之一。他的研究使他得出结论，人们分为两类——善于自我判断的人和善于判断他人的人。从那时起，亚当斯的研究受到了广泛批评，但他认为存在两种截然不同的类型并不是完全错误的。More on that in a moment, but first we need to define what a good judge of character is. Is it someone who can read personality or someone who can read emotion? Those are two distinct skills. Emotions such as anger or joy or sadness can generate easily identifiable physical signs. Most of us would probably be able to accurately identify these signs, even in a stranger. As such, most of us are probably good judges of emotion.稍后会详细介绍，但首先我们需要定义什么是良好的品格判断力。是能读懂人格的人，还是能读懂情感的人？这是两种截然不同的技能。愤怒、喜悦或悲伤等情绪可以产生易于识别的体征。我们中的大多数人可能能够准确地识别这些迹象，即使是在陌生人身上也是如此。因此，我们大多数人可能都是情绪的良好判断者。In order to be a good judge of personality, however, there needs to be an interaction with the other person, and that person needs to be a 'good target'. 'Good targets' are people who reveal relevant and useful cues to their personality. So this means 'the good judge' will only manifest when reading 'good targets'. This is according to Rogers and Biesanz in their 2019 journal entitled 'Reassessing the good judge of personality'. "We found consistent, clear and strong evidence that the good judge does exist", Rogers and Biesanz concluded. But their key finding is that the good judge does not have magical gifts of perception – they are simply able to "detect and utilise information provided by the good target".↳然而，为了成为一个好的人格判断者，需要与另一个人互动，那个人需要成为一个“好的目标”。 “好的目标”是那些能够揭示与其个性相关且有用的线索的人。所以这意味着“好法官”只会在阅读“好目标”时出现。这是 Rogers 和 Biesanz 在他们 2019 年题为“重新评估人格的良好判断力”的期刊中所说的。罗杰斯和比桑兹总结道：“我们发现了一致、明确和有力的证据，证明好法官确实存在。”但他们的主要发现是，好的判断者并没有神奇的感知天赋——他们只是能够“检测和利用好目标提供的信息”。So, are first impressions really accurate? Well, if you're a good judge talking to a 'good target', then it seems the answer is 'yes'. And now we know that good judges probably do exist, more research can be done into how they read personality, what kind of people they are – and whether their skills can be taught.那么，第一印象真的准确吗？好吧，如果你是一个与“好目标”交谈的好法官，那么答案似乎是“是”。现在我们知道优秀的法官可能确实存在，可以对他们如何解读人格、他们是什么样的人以及他们的技能是否可以传授进行更多研究。词汇表good judge of character 善于判别性格的人judgement 判断ironically 具有讽刺意味地lie in (the answer/solution) （答案、解决方法）在于identify 识别fall into 分为distinct 截然不同的，差别明显的read (personality) 读懂（个性）generate 产生identifiable 很容易识别的accurately 准确地interaction 互动good target 可判读的 “好目标”reveal 透露relevant 相关的cue 暗示，线索manifest 显现出来consistent 一致的perception 感知能力detect 发现utilise 利用provide 提供

The weather affects all of us. An unexpected downpour or hot spell can be annoying, but when conditions are more extreme, it can severely impact agriculture, transport infrastructure and our homes. It's no surprise that for centuries scientists have tried to control the weather – but is it really possible?天气影响我们所有人。一场意想不到的倾盆大雨或炎热天气可能会令人讨厌，但当情况更加极端时，它会严重影响农业、交通基础设施和我们的家园。几个世纪以来，科学家们一直试图控制天气，这并不奇怪——但这真的可能吗？Due to climate change, there are more regular occurrences of heatwaves, which cause droughts, and torrential rain, which is responsible for flooding. Although humans are the cause of much of it, maybe we have a solution too? For example, China, the UAE and the USA are at the forefront of research into methods of producing rain in drought-stricken areas. And some scientists are even thinking about investigating technologies which could cool the entire planet.由于气候变化，导致干旱的热浪和引发洪水的暴雨更加频繁。虽然人类是其中很大一部分的原因，但也许我们也有解决办法？例如，中国、阿联酋和美国在研究干旱地区的造雨方法方面走在前列。一些科学家甚至正在考虑研究可以为整个地球降温的技术。It might sound like science fiction, but weather modification is nothing new. In the 1940s, scientists discovered that dropping particles of silver iodide into cloud tops, made the tiny water droplets condense and could stimulate precipitation. That's called cloud seeding. This is a technique still being tested today with the aim of producing extra rainfall and, therefore, water for drought-affected farmers.这听起来像是科幻小说，但人工影响天气并不是什么新鲜事。在 1940 年代，科学家发现将碘化银颗粒滴入云顶，使微小的水滴凝结并可以促进降水。这就是所谓的云播种。这项技术今天仍在进行测试，目的是产生额外的降雨，从而为受干旱影响的农民提供水源。Other ideas for keeping nature at bay include using lasers to generate clouds and for controlling thunderstorms. One idea involved firing laser pulses into thunderclouds in an attempt to suck out lightning in a controlled manner. This was unsuccessful. New research into solar geoengineering has also begun. This type of climate engineering involves sunlight being reflected back to space to limit or reverse human-caused climate change.其他阻止自然的想法包括使用激光产生云层和控制雷暴。一个想法涉及向雷云发射激光脉冲，以试图以可控的方式吸出闪电。这是不成功的。对太阳能地球工程的新研究也已经开始。这种类型的气候工程涉及将阳光反射回太空以限制或逆转人为造成的气候变化。Despite all this ongoing research, there's no conclusive evidence that our weather can be controlled. Chris Bell, a lecturer in meteorology at the University of East Anglia, told BBC Future: "We may, one day, have the technology to control the weather, but it will be in thousands, not hundreds, of years." So, for now, we still need to rely on Mother Nature to control our weather.尽管正在进行所有这些研究，但没有确凿的证据表明我们的天气是可以控制的。东英吉利大学气象学讲师克里斯贝尔告诉 BBC Future：“有一天，我们可能拥有控制天气的技术，但那将是数千年，而不是数百年。”因此，就目前而言，我们仍然需要依靠大自然来控制我们的天气。词汇表downpour 暴雨hot spell 一段短暂持续的高温天气extreme 极端的climate change 气候变化heatwave 热浪drought 干旱torrential rain 倾盆大雨flooding 洪水drought-stricken 遭受旱灾的，受旱灾影响的cool 降温，（使）变凉weather modification 人工影响天气silver iodide 碘化银condense （使）凝结precipitation 降水cloud seeding （为进行人工降雨而作的）播云rainfall 降雨thunderstorm 雷雨thundercloud 雷雨云lightning 闪电solar geoengineering 太阳地球工程sunlight 阳光meteorology 气象学Mother Nature 大自然

Are you the kind of person who hated school? Or are you more like Michael Nicholson, who can't stop learning? He currently has 30 degrees including 22 master's and a doctorate! If you're also passionate about studying, you might be a philomath – a person who loves to learn and study. The word comes from Greek with 'phil' meaning 'a lover of' and 'math' meaning 'learning'.你是那种讨厌上学的人吗？或者你更像 Michael Nicholson，无法停止学习？目前拥有30个学位，包括22个硕士和博士学位！如果您也热衷于学习，那么您可能是一个哲学家——一个热爱学习和学习的人。这个词来自希腊语，“phil”的意思是“爱人”，“math”的意思是“学习”。Humans are all philomaths to an extent – our brain is hardwired to be curious. We want to learn and understand, partly to make sense of the world but also because of something called neoteny. This is a term that refers to the juvenile characteristics of some animals, including humans, being retained into adulthood. One of these traits is neuroplasticity, which helps our brains stay flexible – this gives us the ability to learn throughout our lives. Many creatures which are genetically close to us, like primates, can't do this and only learn during their adolescence.人类在某种程度上都是哲学家——我们的大脑天生就好奇。我们想要学习和理解，部分原因是为了理解这个世界，但也因为一种叫做幼稚的东西。这个术语指的是一些动物（包括人类）的幼年特征被保留到成年期。这些特征之一是神经可塑性，它可以帮助我们的大脑保持灵活——这使我们能够终生学习。许多与我们基因接近的生物，如灵长类动物，无法做到这一点，只能在青春期学习。But for every person who loves learning, there are plenty who can't stand it. Lots of people remember their school days as being boring or even pointless.Why is this? Educational anthropologists have suggested that if a concept or idea is too complex or dull, it becomes harder to link old and new ideas together. If that's the case, we lose motivation and absorb less information. This negative experience of education at school may lead to people avoiding learning opportunities in later life.  ­但是对于每一个热爱学习的人来说，受不了的大有人在。很多人记得他们的学生时代很无聊甚至毫无意义。这是为什么？教育人类学家建议，如果一个概念或想法太复杂或太乏味，就很难将新旧想法联系在一起。如果是这样，我们就会失去动力并吸收更少的信息。这种在学校接受教育的负面经历可能会导致人们在以后的生活中避免学习机会。 ­So, don't let a bad educational experience prevent you learning something new as an adult. Evolution has made us lifelong learners, so take advantage of your biology and discover your inner philomath. Who knows what you could achieve?所以，不要让糟糕的教育经历阻碍你成年后学习新东西。进化使我们成为终身学习者，所以利用你的生物学优势，发现你内心的哲学。谁知道你能取得什么成就词汇表master's 硕士学位doctorate 博士学位hardwired 天生的，本能的curious 好奇的neoteny 幼态持续juvenile characteristics 幼年特征retain 保留trait 特征neuroplasticity 神经可塑性genetically close 基因相近的primate 灵长类动物adolescence 青春期educational anthropologist 教育人类学家concept 概念complex 复杂的motivation 积极性，动力absorb 掌握evolution 进化lifelong learner 终身学习者

Is there anything nicer than a cooling ice cream on a hot summer's day? This traditional treat is centuries old, but our tastes and consumer habits are evolving. How is the ice cream production process changing, and who is driving this change?有什么比在炎热的夏日来一杯清凉的冰淇淋更惬意的呢？这种传统美食已有数百年历史，但我们的口味和消费习惯正在不断发展。冰淇淋生产过程发生了怎样的变化，谁在推动这种变化？Making ice cream is a time-consuming process. While the recipe is simple – milk, sugar and fat, plus flavours and colours – ice cream has a complex chemistry. Getting the balance right between ice, fat and air is important if the ice cream is to have the right texture. To achieve this, the ingredients need to be mixed and heated, then cooled and frozen – a process that takes time and uses a lot of energy. Designers and engineers are working to improve the production process with new specialised equipment to make it increasingly automated. For now, however, even with the help of robots and 3D printers, it can take up to two years from testing a new frozen dessert product to it being available to consumers.制作冰淇淋是一个耗时的过程。虽然配方很简单——牛奶、糖和脂肪，加上口味和颜色——冰淇淋的化学成分很复杂。如果冰淇淋要有合适的质地，在冰、脂肪和空气之间取得正确的平衡是很重要的。为实现这一目标，需要混合和加热原料，然后冷却和冷冻——这一过程既耗时又耗能。设计师和工程师正在努力使用新的专用设备改进生产过程，使其越来越自动化。然而，就目前而言，即使有机器人和 3D 打印机的帮助，从测试一种新的冷冻甜点产品到提供给消费者也可能需要长达两年的时间。And demand is only going up. According to the food packaging company Tetra Pak, more than 25 billion litres of ice cream were eaten worldwide in 2021. While the US and China are the biggest consumers, data from NielsenIQ shows that people in the UK bought 28% more ice cream during the UK's record-breaking summer compared to a year earlier. Clearly, rising temperatures can explain why some people are buying more ice cream, but it's not the only explanation. The pandemic has seen people reaching for pleasures they can enjoy at home, which include eating indulgent foods. And worries about the cost-of-living crisis could have a similar effect, as even a premium ice cream is an affordable treat.需求只会上升。据食品包装公司利乐公司称，2021 年全球消费了超过 250 亿升冰淇淋。虽然美国和中国是最大的消费国，但 NielsenIQ 的数据显示，英国人在此期间购买的冰淇淋数量增加了 28%与一年前相比，英国破纪录的夏季。显然，气温升高可以解释为什么有些人会购买更多的冰淇淋，但这并不是唯一的解释。这场大流行病让人们开始寻求他们可以在家里享受的乐趣，其中包括吃放纵的食物。对生活成本危机的担忧可能会产生类似的影响，因为即使是优质冰淇淋也是一种负担得起的款待。So, what new things can we expect on a stick or in a cone? Consumers of all ages buy ice cream, but it is millennial consumers who are driving interest in more original flavours, including spices. Dairy still dominates, but plant-based ice cream, sorbets and low-calorie choices are a growing part of the frozen dessert market. But, according to Elsebeth Baungaard, portfolio manager at Tetra Pak, the next global trend will be less about innovation and more about portion size. "I'm sorry to say it's simply shrinking", she says. "But the quality will be higher."↳那么，我们可以期待棒状或圆锥状的新事物是什么？所有年龄段的消费者都购买冰淇淋，但千禧一代消费者正在推动对包括香料在内的更多原味口味的兴趣。乳制品仍然占主导地位，但植物冰淇淋、果汁冰糕和低热量选择在冷冻甜点市场中的份额不断增长。但是，根据 Tetra Pak 投资组合经理 Elsebeth Baungaard 的说法，下一个全球趋势将不再是创新，而是更多地关注份量。 “我很遗憾地说它只是在缩小”，她说。 “但质量会更高。”词汇表treat 美食，享受taste 口味evolve 变化，演变production process 生产过程drive (a change) 推动（变化）flavour 口味complex 复杂的get the balance right 把握好…的平衡texture 口感increasingly automated 越来越自动化frozen dessert 冷冻甜品indulgent 作为一种享受的premium 优质的，顶级的affordable 买得起的on a stick 在棍子上的in a cone 在锥形蛋筒里的dairy 乳品plant-based ice cream 植物基冰淇淋sorbet 冰糕，雪糕global trend 全球趋势portion size 份量shrink 变小，缩小

How's your eyesight? From the moment we're born, our eyes grow, our vision becomes clearer and some of us will have normal or even 20:20 vision. However, others will become short-sighted and end up wearing glasses or contact lenses to help them see everything clearly. And some experts claim that more of us will be wearing them in the future because of our lifestyle when we were younger.你的视力怎么样？从我们出生的那一刻起，我们的眼睛就会长大，我们的视力会变得更清晰，我们中的一些人会拥有正常甚至 20:20 的视力。然而，其他人会变得近视，最终会戴上眼镜或隐形眼镜来帮助他们看清一切。一些专家声称，由于我们年轻时的生活方式，未来会有更多人佩戴它们。Even today, optometrists are reporting a rise in short-sightedness – also called myopia – in children. The condition can be genetic, but it's also partly being blamed on a number of modern-day factors – particularly children staring at phone screens, computers and game consoles for long periods of time. It's believed myopia also makes them susceptible to secondary eye conditions such as glaucoma, retinal detachment and other visual impairments later in life.即使在今天，验光师也报告说儿童近视（也称为近视）人数有所增加。这种情况可能是遗传的，但也部分归咎于许多现代因素——尤其是儿童长时间盯着手机屏幕、电脑和游戏机。据信，近视还使他们在以后的生活中容易患上青光眼、视网膜脱离和其他视力障碍等继发性眼病。Of course, children have had increased screen time due to lockdowns imposed during the Covid pandemic – it's been the only way to access education and communicate with others. But education generally could be blamed for the rise in myopia. Neema Ghorbani-Mojarrad, lecturer at the University of Bradford, told BBC Future website: "We suspect it is reading and spending more time indoors. Every year of education completed increases the expected amount of short-sightedness."当然，由于 Covid 大流行期间实施的封锁，孩子们看屏幕的时间增加了——这是获得教育和与他人交流的唯一途径。但教育通常可以归咎于近视的增加。布拉德福德大学讲师 Neema Ghorbani-Mojarrad 告诉 BBC Future 网站：“我们怀疑它正在阅读并在室内花费更多时间。每年完成的教育都会增加近视的预期数量。”The problem appears to be more severe in some Asian countries. Some experts say that in these places with huge educational success, children spend more time indoors studying. Therefore, it seems, spending more time outdoors could be good for children's eye health. The UK's College of Optometrists is suggesting parents should get their kids playing outside for two hours a day. Several scientific studies show this can prevent or stop the development of myopia.这个问题在一些亚洲国家似乎更为严重。一些专家说，在这些教育成功的地方，孩子们在室内学习的时间更多。因此，看来，花更多的时间在户外可能对孩子的眼睛健康有益。英国验光师学院建议父母每天让孩子在户外玩耍两个小时。多项科学研究表明，这可以预防或阻止近视的发展。There's been a focus on using technology, such as laser surgery, for fixing myopia, but for children at least, it seems a dose of daylight and a break from the screen might be part of the solution. Opticians also recommend kids have regular eye tests to identify any problems before they become more severe.人们一直关注使用激光手术等技术来矫正近视，但至少对于儿童而言，似乎一定剂量的日光和远离屏幕可能是解决方案的一部分。配镜师还建议孩子定期进行眼科检查，以便在问题变得更严重之前发现任何问题。词汇表eyesight 视力vision 视力，视觉20:20 vision 正常裸眼视力short-sighted 近视的wear glasses 戴眼镜wear contact lenses 戴隐形眼镜optometrist 验光师，配镜师myopia 近视genetic 基因遗传的secondary eye condition 继发性眼病glaucoma 青光眼retinal detachment 视网膜脱离visual impairment 视觉障碍screen time （看电视、电脑、手机等的）屏幕时间laser surgery 激光手术optician 配镜师，眼镜销售员eye test 视力测试

Milk, it comes from cows, right? Well, not all the milk you see on supermarket shelves is from an udder. These days we see many plant-based alternatives to dairy, such as oat, pea and soya milk. But why would someone stop drinking their full-fat, semi-skimmed or skimmed cow’s milk and trade it for one of these?牛奶，它来自牛，对吧？好吧，并非您在超市货架上看到的所有牛奶都来自乳房。如今，我们看到许多以植物为基础的乳制品替代品，例如燕麦、豌豆和豆浆。但是，为什么有人会停止饮用他们的全脂、半脱脂或脱脂牛奶并换取其中一种牛奶呢？There are many reasons someone might try alternative milks. Some people believe the alternatives are healthier than milk from cows. Those with lactose intolerance or thinking about becoming vegan might start drinking alternative milks. Also, concerns about the impact of dairy farming on the environment could be a factor. Whatever the reason, there are many alternatives to dairy out there for us to consume. But what are the differences between these other options and regular cow’s milk?人们尝试替代牛奶的原因有很多。有些人认为替代品比牛奶更健康。那些有乳糖不耐症或想成为素食主义者的人可能会开始喝替代牛奶。此外，对奶牛养殖对环境影响的担忧也可能是一个因素。不管是什么原因，有许多乳制品的替代品可供我们消费。但是这些其他选择和普通牛奶有什么区别呢？Soya milk is one common alternative. According to some sources, such as healthline.com, it contains a similar amount of protein to regular milk. It is also lower in calories than some cow’s milk, which could be good for those on a diet, and often comes fortified with things like calcium and various vitamins. So, all good? Well, soya is a common allergen, and according to foodallergy.org, is one of the nine foods which cause the majority of allergic reactions.豆浆是一种常见的替代品。根据一些来源，例如 healthline.com，它含有与普通牛奶相似数量的蛋白质。它的卡路里含量也低于某些牛奶，这可能对节食者有益，并且通常富含钙和各种维生素等物质。那么，一切都好吗？好吧，大豆是一种常见的过敏原，据 foodallergy.org 称，大豆是引起大多数过敏反应的九种食物之一。Almond milk is a low-calorie, low-fat drink and is naturally lactose free and has a slight nutty taste. When unsweetened, it also has lower levels of carbohydrates and sugars than some dairy options. However, even when fortified, it doesn’t provide the levels of protein seen in soya or regular milk. Then there’s coconut milk, which is low in calories and may not affect people with nut allergies as much as other options, but is lacking in protein.杏仁奶是一种低热量、低脂肪的饮料，天然不含乳糖，略带坚果味。不加糖时，它的碳水化合物和糖含量也低于某些乳制品。然而，即使经过强化，它也无法提供大豆或普通牛奶中的蛋白质水平。然后是椰奶，它热量低，可能不会像其他选择那样对坚果过敏的人产生太大影响，但它缺乏蛋白质。Whichever plant-based milk you choose, there are positives and negatives. Dieticians agree the most important thing is getting a healthy balanced diet which won’t trigger any allergies and comes with all the minerals and vitamins you need. And at the end of the day, it may just come down to which one you think tastes better.无论您选择哪种植物奶，都有其优点和缺点。营养师一致认为，最重要的是获得健康均衡的饮食，它不会引发任何过敏，并含有您需要的所有矿物质和维生素。在一天结束时，它可能只是归结为您认为哪个味道更好。词汇表udder （动物的）乳房plant-based 仅用植物的dairy 乳制品oat 燕麦soya 大豆full-fat 全脂的semi-skimmed 半脱脂的skimmed 全脱脂的lactose intolerance 乳糖不耐受vegan 严格素食主义者consume 吃，喝protein 蛋白质calorie 卡路里fortified 添加了calcium 钙vitamin 维生素allergen 过敏原almond milk 杏仁奶low-fat 低脂肪的nutty 坚果口味的unsweetened 未加糖的coconut milk 椰子汁

When you think of foods that are good for you, chocolate may not be high up on your list. But, there has been a lot of research into dark chocolate, which shows that it does, in fact, have health benefits.当您想到对自己有益的食物时，巧克力可能不会排在您的首位。但是，对黑巧克力进行了大量研究，这表明它确实对健康有益。Chocolate is made by roasting cacao seeds, which come from the cacao tree. After being processed into cocoa solids, cocoa butter and combined with sugar and sometimes dairy, chocolate is the result. To know how dark the chocolate is, and to determine the potential health benefits, we need to look at the level of cocoa solids it contains.巧克力是通过烘烤来自可可树的可可种子制成的。在加工成可可固体、可可脂并与糖和乳制品混合后，巧克力就是结果。要知道巧克力有多黑，并确定其潜在的健康益处，我们需要查看它所含的可可固形物的含量。If dark chocolate has a high cocoa content, labelled as a percentage, it may be dense in minerals such as magnesium and iron. According to a 2011 study comparing cacao seeds to ‘super fruits’ such as cranberries and pomegranates, dark chocolate may have high levels of antioxidants. Other research includes a 2018 study which found that dark chocolate could significantly reduce inflammation in people with type 2 diabetes.如果黑巧克力的可可含量高（以百分比表示），则它可能富含镁和铁等矿物质。根据 2011 年的一项研究，将可可种子与蔓越莓和石榴等“超级水果”进行比较，黑巧克力可能含有高水平的抗氧化剂。其他研究包括 2018 年的一项研究，该研究发现黑巧克力可以显着减少 2 型糖尿病患者的炎症。But companies trying to market dark chocolate as a healthy snack may have a difficult time – the higher the cocoa content, the more bitter the taste. Plus, commercial dark chocolate tends to be high in calories, saturated fat and can contain significant amounts of sugar. On top of that, during the actual manufacturing process of cleaning, fermenting and roasting the cacao beans, the natural benefits may be lost.但试图将黑巧克力作为一种健康零食进行营销的公司可能会遇到困难——可可含量越高，味道就越苦。此外，商业黑巧克力的卡路里、饱和脂肪含量往往很高，并且可能含有大量的糖分。最重要的是，在清洗、发酵和烘烤可可豆的实际制造过程中，天然的好处可能会丧失。All in all, it seems that consuming a moderate amount of dark chocolate can’t do you harm – just look for a high cocoa solid percentage!总而言之，食用适量的黑巧克力似乎不会对您造成伤害——只要寻找高可可固体百分比即可！词汇表dark chocolate 黑巧克力roast 烤，烘cacao seeds 可可种子cocoa solids 可可块cocoa butter 可可油，可可脂cocoa content 可可含量dense 密度大的magnesium 镁iron 铁cranberry 蔓越莓pomegranate 石榴antioxidants 抗氧化剂inflammation 炎症type 2 diabetes 二型糖尿病market 推销bitter 有苦味的commercial 市面上的calorie 卡路里saturated fat 饱和脂肪manufacturing process 生产过程ferment 发酵moderate 适量的

What things make you laugh? There are many things that make us chuckle or burst into laughter. This natural show of emotion gives off signals that we are happy, we find something humorous or even that we’re just a barrel of laughs! Gelotologists have been looking at why we do it and what the benefits are.什么事情会让你发笑？有很多事情会让我们轻笑或放声大笑。这种自然的情感表现会发出信号，表明我们很开心，我们发现了一些幽默的东西，甚至我们只是一堆笑声！ Gelotologists 一直在研究我们为什么这样做以及有什么好处。Laughter is a very primitive way of making a sound. When we do it, we make very strange noises – from wheezes and squeaks to gasps and snorts – and each sound simply reflects the muscles in the chest squeezing out air from our ribcages under very high pressure.笑声是一种非常原始的发声方式。当我们这样做时，我们会发出非常奇怪的声音——从喘息声和吱吱声到喘息声和鼻息声——每一种声音都只是反映了胸部的肌肉在非常高的压力下从我们的胸腔中挤出空气。Most of the time our laughter is involuntary and contagious, particularly between friends. Neuroscientist, Sophie Scott, told the BBC that it’s “a social emotion. It’s better to laugh with people we like.” She defines two types of laughter – spontaneous laughter, where we laugh instantly and uncontrollably, and conversational laughter – where we laugh together with friends. Research found, on average, people laugh seven times for every ten minutes of conversation.大多数时候，我们的笑声是不由自主的，而且会传染，尤其是在朋友之间。神经科学家索菲斯科特告诉 BBC，这是“一种社会情绪。和我们喜欢的人一起笑会更好。”她定义了两种类型的笑——自发的笑，即我们立即和无法控制地笑，以及对话式的笑——我们与朋友一起笑。研究发现，人们平均每交谈十分钟就会笑七次。The BBC World Service programme Crowd Science examined the science of laughter. It wanted to know what caused this highly infectious repetitive action. It found we use laughter to show others that we’re being playful and non-threatening, and this serves to make and maintain social bonds. Also, people outside of our social group can understand the relationship between the laughers by the sound of our chuckles.BBC World Service 节目 Crowd Science 研究了笑的科学。它想知道是什么导致了这种高度传染性的重复动作。它发现我们用笑声向其他人表明我们很有趣并且没有威胁，这有助于建立和维持社会纽带。此外，我们社会群体之外的人可以通过我们的笑声了解笑者之间的关系。While our health is no laughing matter, research has found a good guffaw can help our body and mind – it can make us feel good and relax our bodies. It also helps us manage pain and improve our immune system. That’s why laughter therapy is being used as an alternative to conventional treatments. But generally, our ability to laugh is out of our control. When you start doing it, just go with the flow and others will join in.虽然我们的健康不是闹着玩的，但研究发现大笑可以帮助我们的身心——它可以让我们感觉良好并放松我们的身体。它还可以帮助我们控制疼痛并改善我们的免疫系统。这就是为什么大笑疗法被用作传统疗法的替代品。但一般来说，我们笑的能力是不受我们控制的。当你开始做的时候，顺其自然，其他人就会加入进来。词汇表chuckle 轻声笑，暗自笑burst into laughter 突然开始大笑humorous 幽默的，滑稽的a barrel of laughs 有趣，开心果gelotologist 笑学家primitive 原始的wheeze 呼哧呼哧的喘气声squeak 吱吱声，短促的尖叫声gasp 喘息，倒抽气snort 鼻息声，哼哼声involuntary 不由自主的contagious 具有感染力的spontaneous laughter 自发的笑conversational laughter 交谈中的笑infectious 有感染力的non-threatening 不具威胁性的social bond 社会关系no laughing matter 不是开玩笑的事，正经事guffaw 哈哈大笑，狂笑laughter therapy 笑声疗法

The ocean covers over 70% of the surface of our planet, though, according to the National Ocean Service, 95% of it remains unexplored. This is because under the surface is a dark and hostile environment with unrelenting high pressure, freezing temperatures and bizarre creatures in the depths.海洋覆盖了地球表面 70% 以上的面积，但根据美国国家海洋局的数据，其中 95% 的面积仍未开发。这是因为在地表之下是一个黑暗而充满敌意的环境，有着无情的高压、冰冻的温度和深处的奇异生物。The Census of Marine Life reports more than 17,000 species living in the deep sea. The Greenland shark can live in depths of 7,200 feet and is a rarely seen Arctic predator said to live to 400 years old and reach 23 feet in length. In order to battle the icy depths, Greenland sharks have chemicals in their skin which prevent ice crystals from forming on their body.海洋生物普查报告称，生活在深海的物种超过 17,000 种。格陵兰鲨鱼可以生活在 7,200 英尺的深处，是一种罕见的北极捕食者，据说可以活到 400 岁，身长可达 23 英尺。为了与冰冷的深海作战，格陵兰鲨鱼的皮肤中含有化学物质，可以防止冰晶在它们的身体上形成。Another deep-sea creature is the giant squid, an animal that remains a mystery to scientists despite being the largest invertebrate on Earth. Living far below the surface, what we know has largely come from carcasses being washed ashore. Marine biologists have found that they feed on fish, squid and possibly even small whales. They find prey using eyes which are ten inches wide, roughly the size of a dinner plate!另一种深海生物是巨乌贼，尽管它是地球上最大的无脊椎动物，但这种动物对科学家来说仍然是个谜。生活在地表以下很远的地方，我们所知道的主要来自被冲上岸的尸体。海洋生物学家发现它们以鱼类、乌贼甚至小鲸鱼为食。他们用十英寸宽的眼睛寻找猎物，大约有餐盘那么大！Other unusual creatures include the vampire squid, which lives 2000 to 3000 feet under the ocean and is so-called because of its dark cloak that connects its eight arms. There is also the dumbo octopus, named due to its resemblance to the elephant from the 1943 Disney film Dumbo, with its protruding ears. Another unique creature is the anglerfish known for the light that hangs from its head.其他不寻常的生物包括吸血乌贼，它生活在海底 2000 到 3000 英尺处，因其连接八只手臂的黑色斗篷而得名。还有小飞象章鱼，因其与 1943 年迪斯尼电影小飞象中的大象相似而得名，有突出的耳朵。另一种独特的生物是琵琶鱼，它以头上垂下的光而闻名。Other unusual creatures include the vampire squid, which lives 2000 to 3000 feet under the ocean and is so-called because of its dark cloak that connects its eight arms. There is also the dumbo octopus, named due to its resemblance to the elephant from the 1943 Disney film Dumbo, with its protruding ears. Another unique creature is the anglerfish known for the light that hangs from its head.其他不寻常的生物包括吸血乌贼，它生活在海底 2000 到 3000 英尺处，因其连接八只手臂的黑色斗篷而得名。还有小飞象章鱼，因其与 1943 年迪斯尼电影小飞象中的大象相似而得名，有突出的耳朵。另一种独特的生物是琵琶鱼，它以头上垂下的光而闻名。词汇表unexplored 未经探索的，无人涉足的hostile 恶劣的unrelenting 无情的，不屈不挠的freezing 极冷的bizarre 奇怪的， 怪诞的species 物种deep sea 深海Arctic 北极的predator 掠食者，捕食性动物Greenland shark 格陵兰鲨ice crystal 冰晶giant squid 巨型乌贼invertebrate 无脊椎动物carcass （动物的）尸体wash ashore 冲到岸上marine biologist 海洋生物学家whale 鲸prey 猎物vampire squid 吸血乌贼dumbo octopus 小飞象章鱼protruding 突出的anglerfish 琵琶鱼venture 冒险去做lurk 潜伏，潜藏

When do you think ‘middle age’ starts? What about ‘old age’? Unsurprisingly, the answer to these questions will depend on your culture, as well as how old you are when someone asks you. What is perhaps more surprising is that the answer to these questions could have an impact on how quickly your body begins to age.你认为“中年”从什么时候开始？ “晚年”怎么办？不出所料，这些问题的答案将取决于您的文化，以及当有人问您时您的年龄。也许更令人惊讶的是，这些问题的答案可能会影响您的身体开始衰老的速度。In 2003, the researchers Hannah Kuper and Sir Michael Marmot carried out a wide-ranging study in which participants were asked the question: when does old age start? They then followed up with the participants six to nine years later and found that those who had thought old age began earlier were more likely to be in poor physical health.2003 年，研究人员汉娜·库珀 (Hannah Kuper) 和迈克尔·马默爵士 (Sir Michael Marmot) 进行了一项范围广泛的研究，参与者被问到这样一个问题：老年从什么时候开始？然后，他们在六到九年后对参与者进行了跟进，发现那些认为老年开始得早的人更有可能身体健康状况不佳。But how could someone’s answer to a question about age possibly have an impact on their health? It might be that the question prompts people to think about their physical health, underlying health issues or poor lifestyle, which might then make them feel that old age is coming sooner. People who say that old age sets in earlier, may also be more fatalistic and less likely to visit a doctor or to adopt healthier routines. It’s even possible that the stress of having negative thoughts about ageing, contributes to more health problems.但是，一个人对年龄问题的回答怎么可能对他们的健康产生影响呢？可能是这个问题促使人们思考他们的身体健康、潜在的健康问题或不良的生活方式，这可能会让他们觉得老年会更快到来。说晚年更早的人也可能更加宿命论，不太可能去看医生或采取更健康的日常生活。对衰老产生负面想法的压力甚至有可能导致更多的健康问题。So, this is what happens when we think negatively about ageing, but what happens when we think positively? People who think old age starts later, may be more conscious about their health and fitness and therefore take steps to stay in better shape. They may see their twilight years as an opportunity to learn new things and make new plans. If they believe they are younger, they therefore behave in younger ways, creating a virtuous circle. Whatever the reason, according to data from the Ohio Longitudinal Study of Ageing and Retirement, people who think positively about ageing live longer on average.那么，当我们对衰老持消极看法时会发生这种情况，但当我们积极思考时又会发生什么呢？认为晚年开始的人可能更关注自己的健康和健身，因此会采取措施保持更好的体型。他们可能会将晚年视为学习新事物和制定新计划的机会。如果他们认为自己更年轻，那么他们就会以更年轻的方式行事，从而形成良性循环。不管是什么原因，根据俄亥俄州老龄化和退休纵向研究的数据，对老龄化持积极态度的人平均寿命更长。Of course, none of this research means that a positive attitude can magically stop the ageing process – our bodies get older with each passing year, after all. But it seems that if we try to be healthier and if we believe that there are still things we can do in old age, we might live longer and enjoy ourselves more too.当然，这些研究并不意味着积极的态度可以神奇地阻止衰老过程——毕竟我们的身体一年比一年老。但似乎如果我们努力变得更健康，如果我们相信我们在老年时仍然可以做一些事情，我们可能会活得更久，也会更享受自己。词汇表middle age 中年unsurprisingly 不出所料地have an impact on 对…产生影响age (v) 衰老，变老carry out 进行…，完成wide-ranging 范围广的participant 参与者follow up 跟进，跟踪调查poor physical health 糟糕的身体状况，身体状况不佳how could (something or someone) possibly （某事或某人）怎么可能…prompt (v) 促使underlying 潜在的poor lifestyle 不良的生活方式set in （不好的事情）到来，开始fatalistic 相信宿命的adopt 养成…习惯contribute to 导致conscious 有意识的，在意的take steps to 采取措施stay in shape 保持健康twilight years 暮年，晚年virtuous circle 良性循环ageing process 衰老过程

How would you survive without your smartphone? For many of us, it’s the gadget we’re most hooked on – looking at it hundreds of times a day. We depend on it to perform a multitude of tasks and to connect with our friends and family. But have we become addicted to our phones?如果没有智能手机，你将如何生存？对于我们中的许多人来说，这是我们最着迷的小工具——每天查看它数百次。我们依靠它来执行大量任务并与我们的朋友和家人联系。但是我们对手机上瘾了吗？Certainly, the inventor of the first mobile phone, American engineer Martin Cooper, thinks we might be. In a BBC interview, he suggested people should stop scrolling and “get a life”. But of course, once we start doom scrolling or watching videos, we just can’t kick the habit. Psychologist and author Jean Twenge says we’re all guilty of “compulsively checking [our] phone if [we’re] waiting for a text or getting really into social media then kind of, looking up and realising that an hour has passed.” There’s even a word – a phubber – to describe a person who ignores the real people around them because they are concentrating on their phones.当然，第一部手机的发明者、美国工程师马丁库珀认为我们可能是。在接受 BBC 采访时，他建议人们应该停止滚动并“过上自己的生活”。但是，当然，一旦我们开始滚动末日或观看视频，我们就无法改掉这个习惯。心理学家兼作家让·特文格 (Jean Twenge) 说，我们都对“如果 [我们] 正在等待一条短信或真正进入社交媒体然后有点，抬头发现一个小时过去了，就强迫性地检查 [我们的] 手机”感到内疚。甚至有一个词——低头者——来形容一个人因为他们专注于手机而忽略了周围真实的人。But does it matter if we make the most of this technology? Possibly, because like a drug, the problem arises when it is withdrawn. A study from King’s College London found young people they studied couldn’t control the amount of time they spend on their phone. Such addictive behaviour means that people become ‘panicky’ or ‘upset’ if they are denied constant access, which can cause anxiety and mental health issues.但是，我们是否充分利用这项技术重要吗？可能是因为就像毒品一样，一旦停药就会出现问题。伦敦国王学院的一项研究发现，他们研究的年轻人无法控制他们花在手机上的时间。这种令人上瘾的行为意味着，如果人们无法持续访问，他们会变得“恐慌”或“不安”，这可能会导致焦虑和心理健康问题。Interestingly, another study by the London School of Economics and Political Science suggests we don’t just look at our phones because we are prompted to by a text or email. The people they studied felt automatically urged to interact with their phone, just as a smoker would light a cigarette. Prof Saadi Lahlou, co-author of the study, told the BBC: “We must learn tricks to avoid the temptation when we want to concentrate or have good social relations.”有趣的是，伦敦政治经济学院的另一项研究表明，我们不只是因为收到短信或电子邮件提示才看手机。他们研究的人感到自动被催促与他们的手机互动，就像吸烟者会点燃香烟一样。该研究的合著者萨迪·拉赫卢教授告诉 BBC：“当我们想要集中注意力或拥有良好的社会关系时，我们必须学会一些技巧来避免诱惑。”One solution could be an app that rewards students for time spent away from their phones. Another option is converting your smartphone to a dumbphone that has none of the intoxicating distractions on it. But mainly, perhaps, we just need to look up more and reconnect with the real world!↳一种解决方案是开发一款应用程序，奖励学生远离手机的时间。另一种选择是将您的智能手机变成一部没有任何令人陶醉的干扰的哑铃。但主要是，也许，我们只需要多看一眼，重新与现实世界联系起来！词汇表hooked 入迷的，上瘾的depend on 需要，依赖addicted 上瘾的，入迷的get a life 做点有意思的事情doom scrolling 阴暗刷屏kick the habit 戒除恶习compulsively 强迫地phubber “低头族”，只顾看手机而忽视身边的人withdraw 收回addictive 使人上瘾的，使人入迷的panicky 恐慌的anxiety 焦虑urge 冲动，强烈的欲望temptation 引诱，诱惑intoxicating 使人兴奋的

Would you be good at managing a top-level sports team? Do you have the tactics and know-how to be the next Jurgen Klopp? Well, you can find out by playing fantasy sports!你会擅长管理顶级运动队吗？你有成为下一个 Jurgen Klopp 的战术和诀窍吗？好吧，你可以通过玩梦幻运动来找出答案！While football fans across the globe observe victories, losses and draws of real matches this season, over nine million people will play Premier Fantasy Football, according to the Premier League. And it’s not just football, but also baseball, basketball and cricket to name just a few fantasy sports you can join.根据英超联赛的数据，在全球球迷观察本赛季真实比赛的胜利、失败和平局的同时，将有超过 900 万人参加英超梦幻足球赛。不仅是足球，还有棒球、篮球和板球等等您可以参加的奇幻运动。In a fantasy league, you get an imaginary budget which you can spend on your squad, selecting any players that compete in the actual sport of your chosen league. Of course, better players cost more! As the real games play out, so does your fictional team.在梦幻联赛中，您会得到一笔想象中的预算，您可以将这笔预算花在您的球队上，选择任何参加您所选联赛的实际运动的球员。当然，更好的球员花费更多！随着真实游戏的进行，您的虚构团队也会进行。Doesn’t sound up your street? You may well have been pressured into competing in a league against your friends or colleagues against your better judgment, but, according to research, playing fantasy sports can actually benefit you. Some people find they enjoy the camaraderie that comes with it even if they’re not a fan of the sport itself. In fact, a US Quantum Workplace survey found that co-workers who play in a fantasy league together, bond better. They scored more highly in teamwork and trust than those who play, but not with colleagues. Plus, friendly competition gives you something to chitchat over when enjoying a hard-earned rest!听起来不像你的街道吗？您可能已经被迫与您的朋友或同事在联盟中竞争，以违背您更好的判断力，但根据研究，玩幻想运动实际上可以使您受益。有些人发现他们喜欢随之而来的友情，即使他们不是这项运动本身的粉丝。事实上，美国 Quantum Workplace 的一项调查发现，一起玩梦幻联盟的同事关系更好。他们在团队合作和信任方面的得分高于那些玩游戏的人，但不是与同事一起玩。此外，友好的比赛让您在享受来之不易的休息时可以聊聊天！Other pros are the brain training you get along with the entertainment. Strategy, tactical decision-making, budgeting and navigating large amounts of data are just some skills you need to do well in this kind of game.其他优点是您在娱乐中得到的大脑训练。策略、战术决策、预算和导航大量数据只是您在此类游戏中需要掌握的一些技能。So, get your team ready and good luck!所以，让你的团队做好准备，祝你好运！词汇表top-level 顶级的tactics 战术know-how 技能，诀窍football fan 足球迷victory 胜利draw 平局，打平Premier League 英格兰足球超级联赛imaginary budget 虚拟的预算squad 球队，运动队play out 展开fictional 虚构的up your street 合你口味，为你所喜爱against your better judgment 违心camaraderie 友情bond 团结，亲近brain training 脑力训练strategy 策略，战略tactical 战术性的decision-making 决策navigate 浏览，处理

The Romans lived in Britain between 43AD and 410AD but their legacy is still felt today and not just in physical ruins. The Romans left us language, including some common English words.罗马人在公元 43 年到 410 年间居住在英国，但他们的遗产今天仍然可以感受到，而不仅仅是物质上的废墟。罗马人给我们留下了语言，包括一些常用的英语单词。During the Roman Empire, Latin, an ancient language, was spoken in many parts of Britain. While the Romans wrote in classical Latin, they conversed in vulgar Latin – colloquial, everyday language that was used between soldiers and in trade. Because of trade, words that stuck often relate to food and drink, such as ‘wine’, which came from the Latin ‘vinum’. Others relate to dwellings such as ‘kitchen’, derived from the verb ‘cook’, and ‘wall’, which originally referred to a stake or post outside a fort.↳在罗马帝国时期，不列颠的许多地方都使用拉丁语这种古老的语言。罗马人用古典拉丁语写作时，他们用粗俗的拉丁语交谈——口语化的日常语言，在士兵之间和贸易中使用。由于贸易，卡住的词通常与食物和饮料有关，例如“葡萄酒”，它来自拉丁语“vinum”。其他与住宅有关，例如“厨房”源自动词“厨师”和“墙”，最初指的是堡垒外的木桩或柱子。Settlements and roads in Roman times were extensive. The word ‘street’, used generally as well as being used for specific names of streets, originally came from ‘strata’ which meant paved road. On a similar note, academic research from the field of linguistics indicates many well-known place names in the UK owe their origin to Latin. For example, the Romans used ‘castrum’ to refer to a city, which developed into the common place ending -chester, -caster or -cester. Consider Manchester. It is a former Roman fort which was known as Mamuciam. Other places with Roman derivations include Lancaster and Leicester.罗马时代的定居点和道路十分广阔。 “街道”这个词，一般使用以及用于街道的特定名称，最初来自“strata”，意思是铺砌的道路。同样，语言学领域的学术研究表明，英国许多著名的地名都起源于拉丁语。例如，罗马人用“castrum”来指代一个城市，后来发展成以-chester、-caster 或-cester 结尾的常见地方。想想曼彻斯特。它是一座前罗马堡垒，被称为 Mamuciam。其他源自罗马的地方包括兰开斯特和莱斯特。A significant impact on English which came from the Romans is the use of the Roman alphabet. Manuscripts of Old English texts have shown a version not unalike written English today. Differences include some letters however, such as two symbols called ‘ash’ and ‘eth’. Nowadays you are more likely to see these symbols in a guide to pronunciation.罗马人对英语的重大影响是使用罗马字母表。古英语文本的手稿显示的版本与今天的书面英语并无不同。但是，差异包括一些字母，例如称为“ash”和“eth”的两个符号。如今，您更有可能在发音指南中看到这些符号。So, even though 1,600 years have passed, the Romans live on.因此，即使 1600 年过去了，罗马人仍然存在。词汇表legacy 遗产ruins 遗址Empire 帝国ancient 古老的converse 和…交谈vulgar 通俗的colloquial 口语的，非正式的trade 买卖，贸易stuck 保留下来wine 红酒dwellings 房屋stake 桩子fort 堡垒settlements 定居点extensive 广阔的，覆盖范围广的paved 铺砌的owe their origin 起源于former 早前的derivations 衍生物，起源alphabet 字母表manuscript 手写本

We all want to save money, and with the cost of living on the rise in the UK, it’s become more important than ever to watch what we spend. The biggest increase in our expenditure at the moment is on energy – the oil, gas and electricity we use to power and heat our homes. That’s why many of us are looking at ways to save energy so we don’t have to shell out on huge fuel bills.我们都想省钱，随着英国生活成本的上升，关注我们的支出变得比以往任何时候都更加重要。目前，我们支出增长最大的是能源——我们用来为房屋供电和供暖的石油、天然气和电力。这就是为什么我们中的许多人都在寻找节省能源的方法，这样我们就不必支付巨额的燃料费用。Making our home more energy efficient is the obvious way to save money. To try to achieve this, new homes in the UK will be banned from installing new gas and oil boilers by 2025. Having a heat pump instead can help save energy, but they’re unaffordable for many people, unless they’ve got spare cash stashed away.让我们的家更节能是省钱的明显方法。为了实现这一目标，到 2025 年，英国的新住宅将被禁止安装新的燃气和燃油锅炉。使用热泵代替可以帮助节省能源，但对许多人来说负担不起，除非他们有闲钱藏起来了。If your home feels like a money pit, there are some low-budget solutions you can turn to to lower your energy usage. Warm air escapes our homes easily, so adding draught excluders or a rolled-up towel to block these gaps will help. Investing in new double glazing will certainly insulate your home better, but if it is too costly, it might be worth using some heavy curtains to stop the heat escaping. Switching off lights is also a good idea.如果您的家感觉像个钱坑，您可以求助于一些低预算的解决方案来降低能源消耗。温暖的空气很容易从我们的家中逸出，因此添加防风罩或卷起的毛巾来堵住这些缝隙会有所帮助。投资购买新的双层玻璃肯定会让您的房屋更好地隔热，但如果成本太高，使用一些厚重的窗帘来阻止热量逸出可能是值得的。关灯也是一个好主意。But there are lots of other little things we can do around the home that will help save energy, don’t cost a fortune and that just require tweaks to our behaviour. They could be as good as installing, fitting or making anything. Put lids on pots and pans when cooking – the food will be ready quicker. Use a microwave to reheat food rather than the oven. Don’t overfill your kettle when boiling water, and don’t leave electrical items on standby. Jo Patterson from Cardiff University’s Welsh School of Architecture told the BBC that a combination of small measures like these could reduce household energy bills by about 10%.但是我们可以在家里做很多其他的小事，这将有助于节省能源，不需要花费一大笔钱，只需要调整我们的行为。它们可以像安装、装配或制造任何东西一样好。烹饪时将锅碗瓢盆盖上 - 食物会更快准备好。使用微波炉而不是烤箱重新加热食物。开水时不要将水壶装得太满，也不要将电器放在备用状态。卡迪夫大学威尔士建筑学院的乔帕特森告诉 BBC，像这样的小措施的组合可以减少大约 10% 的家庭能源费用。So, we’re being encouraged to be more fuel efficient. But our main aim isn’t just financial – we need to do it to reduce our carbon footprint, so that our energy usage doesn’t cost the Earth.因此，我们被鼓励提高燃油效率。但我们的主要目标不仅仅是财务——我们需要这样做来减少我们的碳足迹，这样我们的能源使用就不会耗费地球。词汇表save 节省，节约cost of living 生活费用spend 花（钱）expenditure 支出shell out （通常指不情愿地）支付（一大笔钱）bill 账单unaffordable 支付不起的stash 藏匿，存放money pit 大钱坑，需要不断投钱的无底洞low-budget 低成本的invest 投资（购买）costly 昂贵的cost a fortune 极其昂贵，花大价钱tweak 稍作调整，稍稍改进measure 方法reduce 降低，减少financial 经济上的cost the Earth 让地球付出代价 (cost the earth 的原意是 “花费一大笔钱”)

There are no clear answers to the question of why we dream, but there are different theories. Dreaming is extraordinary and strange: you hallucinate, believe impossible things, and people you know may merge into one another. And then, to top it off, you will likely forget all about it.我们为什么会做梦这个问题没有明确的答案，但有不同的理论。做梦是非凡而奇怪的：你产生幻觉，相信不可能的事情，你认识的人可能会融合在一起。然后，最重要的是，您可能会完全忘记它。Memory storage could be one reason for why we dream. When you are asleep, the brain decides what information you should move to your long-term memory and what should be unlearnt. In a TED Talk, psychologist Amy Adkins described a 2010 experiment involving participants studying how to get out of a complex 3D maze. It was found that they were much better at attempting it if they had had a nap and dreamt of the maze.记忆存储可能是我们做梦的原因之一。当你睡着时，大脑会决定哪些信息应该转移到你的长期记忆中，哪些应该忘记。在 TED 演讲中，心理学家艾米·阿德金斯 (Amy Adkins) 描述了 2010 年的一项实验，参与者研究如何走出复杂的 3D 迷宫。结果发现，如果他们小睡并梦见迷宫，他们会更擅长尝试。Another purpose of dreams could be the processing of our daily emotions, which may add to emotional memory consolidation. In 2003, the Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience published research that experimented with the idea of dreams being a replication of our daily lives. Diary entries and dream journals of 29 healthy young adults over a two-week period were compared, and it was discovered that emotional themes from the day were replicated in dreams 35-55% of the time.梦的另一个目的可能是我们日常情绪的处理，这可能会增加情绪记忆的巩固。 2003 年，《认知神经科学杂志》发表了一项研究，试验将梦境作为我们日常生活的复制品。比较了 29 名健康年轻人在两周内的日记条目和梦境日志，发现当天的情感主题在 35-55% 的时间里被复制到梦境中。Antti Revonsuo, a Finnish scientist, has suggested that dreaming helps us to prepare for and deal with stressful situations. He studied children’s nightmares, giving an example of being continuously chased by wolves. He believes dreams like this stem from our ancestors and could be a rehearsal for daily struggle and survival. In modern times, dreams and nightmares may be preparing us for social situations such as having a fight with a friend, going on a date or having a job interview.芬兰科学家 Antti Revonsuo 提出，做梦可以帮助我们准备和应对压力大的情况。他研究了孩子们的噩梦，举了一个不断被狼追赶的例子。他认为这样的梦想源于我们的祖先，可以作为日常奋斗和生存的彩排。在现代，梦想和噩梦可能让我们为社交场合做好准备，例如与朋友吵架、约会或参加工作面试。With such a variety of theories on why we dream, it seems that more research is needed before we can completely understand their purpose.关于我们为什么会做梦的理论多种多样，似乎需要更多的研究才能完全理解它们的目的。词汇表extraordinary 奇特的，非凡的hallucinate 产生幻觉merge 使合并、融合memory storage 记忆储存long-term memory 长期记忆unlearnt 忘却maze 迷宫a nap 小睡，打盹processing 处理consolidation 巩固replication 复制diary entries 日记dream journal 梦境日志emotional theme 情感主题nightmare 噩梦chased 被追赶stem from 由…造成，源自ancestor 祖先rehearsal 演练struggle 挣扎，奋斗

The destructive impact of fast fashion on the environment is widely documented. So how can we, as consumers, reduce our fashion footprint? One obvious answer is to buy less. Another is to buy clothes that have been more sustainably made, using organic and recycled materials. Hiring clothes is another way to get new pieces for our wardrobe. But buying second-hand may be the simplest solution and a trend that is growing fast.快时尚对环境的破坏性影响已被广泛记录。那么，作为消费者，我们如何才能减少我们的时尚足迹呢？一个明显的答案是少买。另一种方法是购买使用有机和回收材料制成的更具可持续性的衣服。租衣服是为我们的衣橱添置新衣服的另一种方式。但购买二手可能是最简单的解决方案，也是一种正在快速增长的趋势。According to the Boston Consulting Group, second-hand clothes are projected to make up 27 per cent of customers’ wardrobes by 2023. By 2030, the second-hand clothing market is projected to be twice the size of fast fashion, according to a global report by Thredup and GlobalData. So, it seems, the next ten years will see the resale market grow fast, and this is in part because we now have more options than simply buying from charity shops and jumble sales. Online sites are making it easier to both buy and sell pre-loved items.根据波士顿咨询集团的数据，到 2023 年，二手衣服预计将占顾客衣橱的 27%。根据全球数据，到 2030 年，二手服装市场预计将是快时尚市场规模的两倍Thredup 和 GlobalData 的报告。因此，看起来，未来十年转售市场将快速增长，这部分是因为我们现在有更多选择，而不仅仅是从慈善商店和杂货店购买。在线网站让购买和销售二手商品变得更加容易。It also helps that the perception of pre-loved clothing has changed. Dr Amna Khan, senior lecturer in consumer behaviours and retail at Manchester Metropolitan University, said ‘it’s now become trendy to wear second-hand’ and it’s no longer ‘a case of only buying it if you can’t afford anything else’. The changing values of shoppers is even being seen in celebrity culture, with television personalities, such as contestants on the popular UK TV show Love Island, promoting second-hand clothing.这也有助于改变人们对旧衣服的看法。曼彻斯特城市大学消费者行为和零售高级讲师 Amna Khan 博士说，“现在穿二手衣服已经成为一种时尚”，不再是“只有买不起其他东西才买的情况”。购物者价值观的变化甚至体现在名人文化中，英国热门电视节目《爱情岛》的参赛者等电视名人都在推销二手服装。Not everyone is convinced that these changes in shopping habits will do enough to reduce our fashion footprint. The charity Wrap tells people to repair and revamp clothes they already have in their wardrobe before buying new ones, even if they are second-hand. But it’s clear that some consumers now want to consume less and make more environmentally friendly choices when they do buy. The fashion industry is therefore having to change, and the second-hand market is the star of the show.并非所有人都相信这些购物习惯的改变足以减少我们的时尚足迹。慈善组织 Wrap 告诉人们在购买新衣服之前先修理和翻新衣橱里已有的衣服，即使是二手衣服也是如此。但很明显，一些消费者现在希望在购买时减少消费并做出更环保的选择。时装业因此不得不改变，而二手市场是这场秀的主角。词汇表destructive impact on 破坏性的影响consumer 消费者fashion footprint 时尚碳足迹sustainably 可持续地hire (an item) 租用，租借wardrobe 衣柜，衣橱trend 趋势project (v) 预计fast fashion 快速时尚resale market 二手市场charity shop 慈善商店jumble sale 旧货义卖pre-loved item 二手物品retail 零售trendy 时髦的value (n) 观念celebrity culture 名人文化repair 修补revamp 修改，翻新

What is the likelihood of you having someone who looks just like you? Would it be a good thing? And if you did have one, would you want to meet them?你有一个长得像你的人的可能性有多大？这会是一件好事吗？如果你有，你想见见他们吗？Consider how often your facial features are used to identify you. Your passport, ID card and driving licence all bare your face. To enter your workplace, you likely need to be recognisable. You may need your face to unlock your smartphone and possibly even need it to exclude you from being present at a crime scene.考虑使用您的面部特征来识别您的频率。你的护照、身份证、驾照都露出你的脸。要进入您的工作场所，您可能需要被认出。你可能需要你的脸来解锁你的智能手机，甚至可能需要它来阻止你出现在犯罪现场。The word ‘doppelganger’ refers to a person who looks the same as you, essentially sharing your features; those that you thought were unique to you and your identity. Not an identical twin, as a doppelganger has no relation to you. The idea originated in German folklore. A doppelganger was said to be a spirit-double that replicated every human and beast on earth.“doppelganger”这个词指的是一个和你长得一样的人，本质上和你有相同的特征；那些你认为对你和你的身份来说是独一无二的。不是同卵双胞胎，因为分身与您无关。这个想法起源于德国民间传说。分身据说是复制了地球上所有人类和野兽的灵魂替身。So, let’s get real. What are the chances of you having one in the first place? There’s said to be a one in 135 chance of an absolute dead ringer for you existing anywhere in the world, so the chances are pretty low, despite folk wisdom promising you otherwise. And the chances of meeting? The mathematical certainty of finding this particular person is supposedly less than one in a trillion!所以，让我们变得真实。您首先拥有一个的机会有多大？据说世界上任何地方都有 135 分之一的机会存在绝对死机，所以这种机会非常低，尽管民间智慧向你保证并非如此。和见面的机会？据推测，找到这个特定人物的数学确定性小于万亿分之一！That said, these statistics may be a good thing. Historically, having a double hasn’t always been a positive. Back in 1999, an innocent American man, indistinguishable from the real criminal, was sent to prison for robbery, where he stayed for 19 years. In the end, it turned out to be a case of mistaken identity. In a different case, a woman in New York was accused of trying to poison her doppelganger with deadly cheesecake so that she could steal her identity!也就是说，这些统计数据可能是一件好事。从历史上看，有双胞胎并不总是积极的。时间回到1999年，一名与真凶难分伯仲的无辜美国男子因抢劫罪被送进监狱，并在那里待了19年。到头来，竟然是认错人的案子。在另一起案件中，纽约的一名妇女被指控试图用致命的芝士蛋糕毒死她的分身，以便窃取她的身份！And, why are people interested in finding their possible doppelganger anyway? It may be helpful to look to the past when facial resemblance indicated kinship.而且，为什么人们有兴趣找到他们可能的二重身呢？当面部相似表明亲属关系时，回顾过去可能会有所帮助。Maybe one day you’ll meet your lookalike, but we understand that, after this, you possibly don’t want to!也许有一天您会遇到相似的人，但我们知道，在此之后，您可能不想再遇到了！词汇表facial features 面部特征recognisable 可认出的exclude 排除…，认为…不可能unique 独一无二的identity 身份identical twin 同卵双胞胎folklore 民间传说replicate 复制a dead ringer 酷似…的人，相像之人/物mathematical certainty 数学准确性a double 一模一样的人indistinguishable 难以分辨的，无法识别的mistaken identity 认错人，身份错认resemblance 相似kinship 亲属关系lookalike 长得极像…的人

With our already busy lives, finding time to exercise can feel like one more thing on our ‘to do’ list. So maybe it would help if there was ‘a best time’ to exercise? Could exercising at certain times help maximise our fitness goals? The answer is ‘yes’, but it’s easier than you think – no matter who you are, or when you like to work out.在我们本已忙碌的生活中，抽出时间锻炼身体感觉就像是我们“待办事项”清单上的另一件事。那么，如果有“最佳时间”锻炼，也许会有帮助？在特定时间锻炼可以帮助我们最大限度地实现健身目标吗？答案是肯定的，但它比您想象的要容易——无论您是谁，也无论您何时喜欢锻炼。There are clear benefits to exercising in the morning. Many of us have more free time compared to later in the day, and it may therefore be easier for us to stick to a morning workout routine. A study published in Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise found that participants who exercised in the morning, increased their physical activity throughout the day, were less distracted by food, and slept better. Exercising on an empty stomach before breakfast could also burn more fat and increase metabolism, which means you’ll continue to burn calories throughout the day.早上锻炼有明显的好处。与当天晚些时候相比，我们中的许多人有更多的空闲时间，因此我们可能更容易坚持早上锻炼。发表在运动与运动医学与科学杂志上的一项研究发现，早上锻炼的参与者全天增加了身体活动，较少因食物而分心，并且睡得更好。早餐前空腹锻炼还可以燃烧更多脂肪并增加新陈代谢，这意味着您将在一整天内继续燃烧卡路里。So, good news for early birds, but what if you’re not a morning person? Working out in the afternoon or evening also has benefits, just different ones. For example, your body’s ability to perform peaks in the afternoon, according to a 2010 study by the Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. Also, in the afternoon and evening, your reaction time is quickest, and your heart rate and blood pressure are lowest, which reduce your chance of injury while improving performance.所以，这对早起的鸟儿来说是个好消息，但如果你不是早起的人怎么办？在下午或晚上锻炼也有好处，只是好处不同。例如，根据斯堪的纳维亚医学与科学杂志 2010 年的一项研究，您的身体在下午达到高峰的能力。另外，下午和晚上反应最快，心率和血压最低，在提高运动表现的同时减少受伤几率。But does any of this change depending on whether you’re a man or a woman? Our bodies are different, after all, so the best time to exercise may be different too. A 2022 study from Skidmore College, New York, looked at exactly this question and the results showed that there are some differences. Want to reduce your blood pressure and you’re a woman? Exercise in the morning. Want to improve your heart health and you’re a man? Evening is better for you. But, ultimately, the study found that there are clear benefits for both sexes to exercising at either time of day.但是，这是否会根据您是男人还是女人而改变？毕竟我们的身体不同，所以锻炼的最佳时间也可能不同。纽约斯基德莫尔学院 2022 年的一项研究正是研究了这个问题，结果表明存在一些差异。想要降低血压，而您是女性？早上锻炼。想要改善您的心脏健康并且您是男人？晚上更适合你。但是，最终，该研究发现，在一天中的任何时间锻炼对男女都有明显的好处。So what time is best? It seems the answer is: whatever time is best for you!那么什么时间最好呢？答案似乎是：什么时间最适合你！词汇表fitness goal 健身目标work out 锻炼身体benefit (n) 优势，好处stick to 坚持workout 锻炼participant 参与者increase 提高physical activity 体育活动throughout the day 一整天distracted (adj) 注意力分散的burn 燃烧fat 脂肪metabolism 新陈代谢peak (v) 达到顶峰reaction time 反应时间heart rate 心率blood pressure 血压reduce 降低injury 伤，损伤performance 表现，技能

According to research studies coming out of top US universities, having high emotional intelligence, or EQ, can help you to succeed, particularly at work.根据美国顶尖大学的研究，拥有高情商或 EQ 可以帮助您取得成功，尤其是在工作中。The idea of emotional intelligence was introduced by psychologist John Mayer in the 90s and has gained popularity since, especially because it is said to be something that you can improve. Someone with high emotional intelligence can supposedly build strong relationships, achieve their goals and manage their emotions – key areas for success in most jobs!情商的概念由心理学家约翰梅尔在 90 年代提出，并从那以后广受欢迎，特别是因为据说它是你可以提高的东西。据推测，情商高的人可以建立牢固的人际关系、实现目标和管理情绪——这是大多数工作取得成功的关键领域！It’s likely that, during your career, you will need to work in a team. A 2020 Harvard study, published by the National Bureau of Economic Research, investigated social skills and team players. They did this by grouping volunteers and giving them a variety of tricky problems. They then compared the top individual performers. Results showed two main reasons why these individuals excelled, both linked to emotional intelligence. The first reason was that they were very good at recognising the emotional state of their teammates. The second was that they helped to improve their team’s performance through motivation.在您的职业生涯中，您很可能需要团队合作。国家经济研究局发表的 2020 年哈佛研究调查了社交技能和团队合作者。他们通过将志愿者分组并给他们各种棘手的问题来做到这一点。然后他们比较了表现最好的个人。结果显示了这些人表现出色的两个主要原因，都与情商有关。第一个原因是他们非常善于识别队友的情绪状态。第二个是他们通过激励帮助提高了团队的绩效。When researching links between emotion-understanding ability and risk-taking, a 2012 Yale study found emotional intelligence to be critical to decision making. Researchers investigated the way that leaders come to a decision when they are under pressure. The results revealed that participants with a high awareness of why they felt under pressure managed to keep a clearer head and were less likely to take risks. Being able to understand and manage emotions is a key part of EQ.在研究情绪理解能力与冒险之间的联系时，2012 年耶鲁大学的一项研究发现情商对决策至关重要。研究人员调查了领导者在压力下做出决定的方式。结果显示，对自己为何感到压力的原因有高度认识的参与者能够保持更清醒的头脑，并且不太可能冒险。能够理解和管理情绪是情商的关键部分。So, if you’re trying to succeed, work on your emotional intelligence and it may just make a difference!所以，如果你想成功，那就努力提高你的情商吧，它可能会有所作为！词汇表psychologist 心理学家popularity 受欢迎，流行build strong relationships 建立良好的人际关系achieve goals 达到目标social skills 社交技能team player 具有合作精神的人group 把…分组tricky 难办的performer 表现得…的人excel 表现出色，脱颖而出state 状态motivation 激发鼓励emotion-understanding ability 情绪理解能力risk-taking 冒险critical 至关重要的decision making 决策under pressure 受到压力awareness 意识clearer 更清醒的

Gratitude is more than just saying ‘thank you’ to someone who has helped us or given us a gift. Gratitude is a deeper appreciation for someone or something that makes us feel a positive emotion. And this positive emotion can be good for our health – our emotional and physical health, as well as the health of our relationships.感恩不仅仅是对帮助过我们或送给我们礼物的人说“谢谢”。感恩是对某人或某事的更深层次的欣赏，使我们感受到积极的情绪。这种积极的情绪对我们的健康有益——我们的情绪和身体健康，以及我们人际关系的健康。Let’s start by looking at the emotional or mental health benefits of expressing gratitude. There have been many studies, as described in a 2018 paper from the Greater Good Science Center titled ‘The Science of Gratitude’ , showing that writing a gratitude letter to another person or writing in a gratitude journal, if done regularly, improves mental health. One reason for this, is that gratitude stops us from ruminating on toxic, negative emotions, and writing a ‘thank you’ letter, for example, shifts our attention so that we focus on positive emotions. But even if we don’t share our writing with anyone, like in a journal, the act of completing the exercise alone makes us happier and more satisfied with life. And this gets better with time. As we are essentially training our brain to be more in tune with noticing the positive, after several weeks or months, this becomes more intuitive. And so, the more we express gratitude, the more positive we feel.让我们先看看表达感激之情对情感或心理健康的好处。正如 Greater Good Science Center 在 2018 年发表的一篇题为“感恩的科学”的论文中所述，有许多研究表明，如果定期写一封感谢信给另一个人或写一篇感恩日记，可以改善心理健康。这样做的一个原因是，感恩阻止我们反思有毒的、消极的情绪，例如，写一封“谢谢你”的信会转移我们的注意力，让我们专注于积极的情绪。但即使我们不与任何人分享我们的写作，比如在日记中，单独完成练习的行为也会让我们更快乐，对生活更满意。随着时间的推移，情况会变得更好。由于我们本质上是在训练我们的大脑更加注意积极的方面，因此在几周或几个月后，这会变得更加直观。因此，我们越表达感激之情，我们就会越积极。Gratitude can also make us feel good in our bodies. There are studies linking a gratitude practice to better sleep quality, better eating habits, and reduced inflammation in people who have had heart problems. So gratitude is clearly good for us, but is it also good for the people in our lives?感恩还可以让我们的身体感觉良好。有研究将感恩练习与更好的睡眠质量、更好的饮食习惯和减少患有心脏病的人的炎症联系起来。所以感恩显然对我们有好处，但它对我们生活中的人也有好处吗？The simple answer is ‘yes’. When shared – spoken or written – gratitude is about feeling valued and helping others feel valued too. Feeling valued can help build stronger relationships – be it with family, partners, friends or even colleagues. And that’s on top of all the other ways gratitude is clearly good for us. Maybe we should all stop counting sheep or counting calories and start counting our blessings instead?简单的答案是“是”。当分享——口头或书面——感恩是关于感到被重视并帮助他人也感到被重视。感觉受到重视可以帮助建立更牢固的关系——无论是与家人、伴侣、朋友甚至同事。感恩显然对我们有好处，这是最重要的。也许我们都应该停止数羊或计算卡路里，而是开始数我们的祝福？词汇表deep 深层次的appreciation for 对…的感激之情emotional 情感的mental health 心理健康express (v) 表达study (n) 研究ruminate on 反复思考toxic 令人不愉快的shift your attention 转移你的注意力the act of …的行为satisfied 满足的，满意的essentially 本质上，基本上be in tune with 与…一致intuitive 凭直觉的practice 实践reduce 减少inflammation 炎症feel valued 感觉受到尊重count your blessings 常怀感恩，知足

Picture yourself sitting at home in a quiet reading nook, ignoring the world around you, engrossed in a tale. You read the blurb, instantly became intrigued and now you’re in the middle of an absolute page-turner. But, there’s a hot debate – physical books vs. e-books vs. audiobooks. Does the device you’re using to read affect your reaction to the book?想象自己坐在家里一个安静的阅读角，无视周围的世界，全神贯注于一个故事。您阅读了简介，立即变得很感兴趣，现在您正处于绝对翻页的中间。但是，有一个激烈的争论——实体书、电子书和有声读物。您用来阅读的设备会影响您对这本书的反应吗？Generally, reading uses several areas of the brain. There’s attention span, reasoning, reading fluency, memory and language comprehension. Reading is known to strengthen communicative ability, vocabulary and increase emotional intelligence and social perception. So, whichever way you’re reading, there are definitely benefits.通常，阅读会使用大脑的多个区域。有注意力广度、推理能力、阅读流畅性、记忆力和语言理解能力。众所周知，阅读可以增强交际能力、词汇量并提高情商和社会感知力。因此，无论您以何种方式阅读，都绝对有好处。But, let’s look at the pros to reading with your eyes – that’s physical books and e-books. They can help to retain information better. This is because when you can actually see the words, your attention is held more closely. Add to this the fact that with physical books you can go back and find any part you missed, especially if your mind wanders, which it likely will at some point or other.但是，让我们看看用眼睛阅读的优点——即实体书和电子书。它们可以帮助更好地保留信息。这是因为当您真正看到文字时，您的注意力就会更加集中。除此之外，使用实体书，您可以返回并找到您错过的任何部分，尤其是当您走神时，它可能会在某个时候或其他时候出现。On the other hand, there’s the audiobook. Headphones in, you’re switched off from life and the story really comes alive, almost like watching a film – in your head. From a scientific perspective, listening to an audiobook is likely to help you develop a greater sense of empathy as you hear the emotion of the narrator. We can more easily understand inflection and intonation. Hearing the story engages different parts of the brain, heightening the intensity and imagery, making you enjoy it more. Yet, going back to attention span, with an audiobook it’s true that it’s much harder to go back and listen again.另一方面，有声读物。戴上耳机，你就从生活中解脱出来，故事在你的脑海中栩栩如生，几乎就像看电影一样。从科学的角度来看，听有声读物可能会帮助您在听到叙述者的情感时产生更大的同理心。我们可以更容易地理解变调和语调。听故事会调动大脑的不同部分，增强强度和意象，让您更喜欢它。然而，回到注意力跨度，对于有声读物，确实很难回头再听一遍。All in all, it seems that there are advantages to both physical books and audiobooks. Perhaps, next time you find yourself browsing bookshop shelves, also consider the format. It may just change your whole literary experience.总而言之，实体书和有声读物似乎各有优势。也许，下次您发现自己浏览书店书架时，也会考虑格式。它可能会改变你的整个文学体验。词汇表reading nook 读书角engrossed 全神贯注的，专心致志的tale 故事blurb 简介page-turner 令人爱不释手的书e-book 电子书籍audiobook 有声读物attention span 注意力的持续时间，注意广度fluency 流畅度emotional intelligence 情商social perception 社会知觉retain 记住attention is held 注意力集中wander 走神，开小差come alive 变得有趣，显得逼真narrator 讲述者inflection 音调变化intonation 语调imagery 意象，比喻browse 随意看，浏览bookshop shelves 书店的书架literary 文学的

Boxing has been practised for centuries – it was even one of the sports in the original Olympic Games in ancient Greece. More recently, boxing has become mainstream in the UK, with hundreds of thousands of people from all walks of life participating in the sport every week. But why? The answer lies in the physical, mental and even social benefits boxing can bring.拳击已经有几个世纪的历史了——它甚至是古希腊最初奥运会的项目之一。最近，拳击在英国成为主流，每周有数十万来自各行各业的人参与这项运动。但为什么？答案在于拳击所能带来的身体、心理甚至社会效益。Its physical benefits are clear. Whether it’s practising with a punching bag, sparring with a partner or facing an opponent in the ring, boxing can be an intense form of exercise and give a full-body workout. It can improve muscular strength, and it can also increase anaerobic fitness – allowing someone to work out harder, for longer. These can, in turn, have a positive impact on other aspects of physical well-being, like heart health and weight management.它的身体好处是显而易见的。无论是使用出气筒练习、与伙伴对练还是在拳击台上面对对手，拳击都是一种高强度的锻炼方式，可以锻炼全身。它可以提高肌肉力量，还可以增加无氧健身——让人们更努力、更长时间地锻炼。这些反过来又会对身体健康的其他方面产生积极影响，例如心脏健康和体重管理。But the high physical demands of the sport aren’t just good for the body – boxing can also have a positive impact on someone’s mental well-being. Dr Jessica Pinchbeck, Senior Lecturer in Sport and Fitness at the Open University, says that boxing ‘can alleviate some of the symptoms of anxiety and depression’. Exercising regularly is already widely known to be good for mental health, but boxing can also bring a sense of discipline and focus.但这项运动对身体的高要求不仅对身体有益——拳击还可以对一个人的心理健康产生积极影响。开放大学运动与健身高级讲师 Jessica Pinchbeck 博士说，拳击“可以缓解一些焦虑和抑郁的症状”。众所周知，定期锻炼有益于心理健康，但拳击也可以带来纪律感和专注力。And there is a third benefit to putting on the boxing gloves. Practising punches can be done alone, of course, but boxing is not just an individual activity – it also involves working with others to train and stay safe. Dr Gavin Williams, Senior Lecturer in Education at the Open University, says that this cooperation and teamwork can ‘create a sense of identity… and belonging’. So, no matter what the reason that attracts someone to boxing, the interactive elements of the sport, mean it can also have profound social benefits.戴上拳击手套还有第三个好处。当然，可以单独练习拳击，但拳击不仅仅是一项个人活动——它还涉及与他人合作训练和保持安全。开放大学教育高级讲师 Gavin Williams 博士说，这种合作和团队合作可以“创造一种认同感……和归属感”。因此，无论拳击吸引人的原因是什么，这项运动的互动元素都意味着它还可以产生深远的社会效益Good for body, mind and social interactions? It’s not surprising that more and more people are stepping into the ring.对身体、心灵和社交互动有益吗？越来越多的人踏入擂台也就不足为奇了。词汇表practise 练习mainstream 主流的from all walks of life 来自各行各业physical 身体的mental 思想上的，精神的punching bag 练习拳击用的吊袋spar with 与…练拳击face an opponent 面对一名对手in the ring 在拳击台内full-body workout 全身锻炼muscular strength 肌肉力量anaerobic fitness 无氧适能well-being 健康high physical demands of …对身体素质的高要求have a positive impact on 有积极的影响alleviate 减轻，缓和symptom 症状discipline 纪律，约束focus 专注力sense of identity 认同感sense of belonging 归属感

Education is a good opportunity for those of us who strive to better ourselves. But for people in full-time employment, getting the balancing act between work and studying can prove a stumbling block. So, what are the benefits of hitting the books once in work?对于我们这些努力提高自己的人来说，教育是一个很好的机会。但对于全职工作的人来说，在工作和学习之间取得平衡可能是一个绊脚石。那么，在工作中打一次书有什么好处呢？Uni is often considered a logical step for people who wish to continue their education after school. While options of Master’s degrees, PhDs and other postgraduate qualifications exist, many students leave after obtaining their Bachelor’s and head into the world of work. After years of doing the same job, some feel adding new skills or knowledge to their locker may open up new opportunities or help them to get a promotion. Studying part-time in the evenings and weekends can be a great way to juggle responsibilities.对于希望在放学后继续接受教育的人来说，大学通常被认为是合乎逻辑的一步。虽然存在硕士学位、博士学位和其他研究生资格的选择，但许多学生在获得学士学位后离开并进入工作世界。在做同样的工作多年后，有些人觉得在他们的储物柜中增加新技能或知识可能会开辟新的机会或帮助他们获得晋升。在晚上和周末兼职学习是兼顾责任的好方法。In terms of the benefits, learning new techniques that you can bring into the workplace can make you more of an authority in your area and a go-to person for advice. If the business has a skills shortage, you may be able to step up to the plate and fill that gap. In short, studying more could make you more promotable down the line and more useful to the business.就好处而言，学习可以带到工作场所的新技术可以使您在您所在的领域更加权威，并且成为寻求建议的人。如果企业存在技能短缺，您也许可以挺身而出填补空白。简而言之，多学习可以让你在未来更容易晋升，对企业更有用。If you study in a classroom, your experience of the workplace could bring a wealth of knowledge to other students and provide real-life examples for you to draw on. You may also meet like-minded people who you can add to your professional network in the future. And while adult learners have to consider things like children, homelives and work, many adult and part-time courses are more flexible and spread over a number of years. Some courses can even be done partly or entirely online, which means that you can manage your time more easily studying from home and you don’t need to factor in travel time.如果你在课堂上学习，你在工作场所的经历可以为其他学生带来丰富的知识，并提供现实生活中的例子供你借鉴。您可能还会遇到志同道合的人，将来您可以将他们添加到您的专业网络中。虽然成人学习者必须考虑孩子、家庭生活和工作等问题，但许多成人和非全日制课程更加灵活，并且会持续数年。有些课程甚至可以部分或全部在线完成，这意味着您可以更轻松地安排在家学习的时间，而无需考虑旅行时间。So, there are a variety of options for those who wish to return to studying. And increasing your skills may open up new careers or opportunities in your professional life.因此，对于那些希望返回学习的人来说，有多种选择。提高你的技能可能会在你的职业生涯中开辟新的职业或机会。词汇表strive 努力better 提高（自身）水平full-time 专职的balancing act 平衡stumbling block 绊脚石，障碍hit the books 学习uni 大学（university 的非正式说法）Master’s degree 硕士学位PhD 博士postgraduate 研究生qualifications 学历part-time 部分时间地juggle 尽力同时应付authority 权威go-to person 必找的人skills shortage 技能短缺step up to the plate 迎难而上，挺身而出a wealth of knowledge 丰富的知识like-minded 志趣相投的

Technology is developing by leaps and bounds. A gadget as small as a smartphone now has more processing power than rockets to the Moon once had. New tech brings many advantages, making our lives easier and opening up new opportunities. One piece of kit that’s been really taking off recently is the drone. This pilotless mini aircraft, originally developed for aerial photography and warfare, is now bringing us benefits closer to home. In the last few years, tech companies such as Amazon, Alphabet and Uber have promised us delivery drones – bringing goods to our doorsteps in a matter of minutes. Progress in developing them has, however, been slow.↳技术正在突飞猛进地发展。像智能手机一样小的小工具现在的处理能力比曾经的登月火箭还要强。新技术带来了许多优势，使我们的生活更轻松，并开辟了新的机会。最近真正起飞的一个工具包是无人机。这架最初为航拍和战争而开发的无人驾驶迷你飞行器，现在正在让我们离家更近。在过去的几年里，亚马逊、Alphabet 和优步等科技公司向我们承诺使用送货无人机——在几分钟内将货物送到我们家门口。然而，它们的开发进展缓慢。Drones are helping to connect with and enhance the lives of people in remote locations. In the UK, the Royal Mail wants a fleet of 500 drones to help deliver the mail to far-flung communities. Windracers, the company developing the drones, say they can fly in fog and produce 30% fewer emissions than comparable piloted aircraft. And in Coventry in the UK, construction has started on an air hub, which will act as a base for police and delivery drones. Urban-Air Port Limited is working with car-maker Hyundai on the mini-airport, known as a skyport.无人机正在帮助与偏远地区的人们建立联系并改善他们的生活。在英国，皇家邮政需要一支由 500 架无人机组成的机队来帮助将邮件投递到偏远的社区。开发无人机的公司 Windracers 表示，它们可以在雾中飞行，排放量比同类有人驾驶飞机少 30%。在英国的考文垂，一个空中枢纽的建设已经开始，它将作为警察和交付无人机的基地。 Urban-Air Port Limited 正在与汽车制造商现代汽车合作建造迷你机场，即所谓的天空港。Drones could also play a part in improving the health of millions of people. In Zanzibar, for example, they’re being used to spray wetlands against malaria. And writing for BBC Future website, Harriet Constable describes an incredible development project by the University of South Australia. The plan is for drones to eventually be able to survey populations for disease by reading the blood oxygen levels of humans from the air. They’ll also be able to scan for other vital signs, like coughing and a high temperature.无人机还可以在改善数百万人的健康方面发挥作用。例如，在桑给巴尔，它们被用于喷洒湿地以抗击疟疾。 Harriet Constable 为 BBC Future 网站撰稿，描述了南澳大利亚大学的一个令人难以置信的开发项目。该计划是让无人机最终能够通过从空气中读取人类的血氧水平来调查人群的疾病情况。他们还将能够扫描其他生命体征，如咳嗽和高温。It seems the sky’s the limit for what drone technology can achieve. The only thing that sometimes keeps it grounded is regulation. Writing for the BBC, Jessica Brown says: “If our skies are to become as crowded as our streets, airspace rules need updating to prevent accidents.” There are also related problems, such as noise pollution.似乎天空是无人机技术所能达到的极限。有时唯一能让它接地的是监管。杰西卡·布朗 (Jessica Brown) 为 BBC 撰稿说：“如果我们的天空变得像我们的街道一样拥挤，空域规则需要更新以防止事故发生。”还有相关的问题，比如噪音污染。词汇表by leaps and bounds 突飞猛进地，非常迅速地gadget 小设备processing power （计算机）处理（数据）能力tech 科技设备kit 成套装备drone 无人机pilotless 无人驾驶的aircraft 飞机，飞行器aerial photography 航空摄影delivery drone 交付无人机，物流无人机fleet 机队emissions 碳排放piloted 有人驾驶的air hub 航空枢纽skyport 小机场spray 喷洒survey 检查scan 扫描the sky’s the limit 没有限制的grounded 停飞的airspace 领空noise pollution 噪音污染

It’s more than 384,000km from Earth. We can see it most nights. And it’s not made of cheese! I am, of course, talking about the Moon. Astronauts have taken giant steps to explore this natural satellite floating in space, but despite it being out of reach for most of us, it still moves us in mysterious ways.↳它距离地球超过 384,000 公里。大多数夜晚我们都能看到它。而且它不是用奶酪做的！当然，我说的是月球。宇航员已经迈出了巨大的步伐来探索这颗漂浮在太空中的天然卫星，但尽管它对我们大多数人来说遥不可及，但它仍然以神秘的方式推动着我们。The Moon, obviously, provides moonlight. A full moon, seen roughly once a month, can light up our way on an otherwise dark night. But while this lunar light can be impressive to look at, it can affect our sleeping patterns. One study showed that during or around the full moon, those studied spent less time in deep sleep, slept for less time and reported having poorer sleep, despite sleeping in a dark room not exposed to moonlight.显然，月亮提供月光。大约每月一次的满月可以在原本漆黑的夜晚照亮我们的道路。但是，虽然这种月光看起来令人印象深刻，但它会影响我们的睡眠方式。一项研究表明，在满月期间或前后，尽管睡在没有暴露在月光下的黑暗房间里，但研究对象的深度睡眠时间更少，睡眠时间更短并且睡眠质量更差。There are many theories about how the Moon can affect other things too. One study suggested animals are more likely to bite us during a full moon. And many moons ago, it was thought the Moon induced lunacy – the word derives from the Latin word ‘lunaticus’, meaning ‘moonstruck’, and evolved from the idea that celestial changes could cause periods of insanity. Even winemakers look to the Moon when planting and pruning grapevines. They will avoid a full moon at all costs because, although the added moisture in the soil at this time may give a fuller and juicier grape, the additional water is thought to dilute the taste of the fruit, which results in a less successful vintage.关于月球如何影响其他事物也有很多理论。一项研究表明，动物更有可能在满月期间咬我们。许多个月前，人们认为月亮会导致精神错乱——这个词源自拉丁语“lunaticus”，意思是“月光下”，是从天体变化可能导致精神错乱的想法演变而来的。甚至酿酒师在种植和修剪葡萄藤时也会仰望月球。他们会不惜一切代价避免满月，因为虽然此时土壤中增加的水分可能会使葡萄更饱满、多汁，但人们认为额外的水分会稀释水果的味道，从而导致收成不太成功。The Moon might affect our behaviour too. Writing about this for BBC Future, Claudia Hammond explains one interesting theory. Just as the Moon’s gravitational pull affects the tides, it exerts its influence on the water in our bodies. But she points out “the Moon is smaller than the Earth, so its gravitational pull is correspondingly less powerful. What’s more, it exerts the same force on us regardless of whether it’s new or full.” Research into ancient myths about the effects of the lunar cycle on us is ongoing. So, like the Moon being made of cheese, we must be careful what we believe!月亮也可能影响我们的行为。克劳迪娅·哈蒙德 (Claudia Hammond) 为 BBC Future 撰文介绍了一个有趣的理论。就像月球的引力影响潮汐一样，它也会对我们体内的水分产生影响。但她指出，“月球比地球小，因此它的引力相应地更小。更重要的是，无论是新的还是完整的，它对我们施加的力量都是一样的。”关于月球周期对我们影响的古代神话的研究正在进行中。所以，就像月亮是奶酪做的一样，我们必须小心我们所相信的！词汇表satellite 卫星out of reach 遥不可及的mysterious 难以理解的，神秘的moonlight 月光full moon 满月lunar 月亮的，月球的sleeping patterns 睡眠模式deep sleep 深度睡眠many moons ago 很久以前lunacy 愚蠢的行为moonstruck 疯狂的celestial 天外的，天空的insanity 失去理智，精神错乱behaviour 行为，举止gravitational pull 引力exert influence 施加影响force 影响ancient myths 古代神话lunar cycle 月亮周期

When you encounter animals, do you wonder what they’re thinking? Seeing a newborn lamb or a cute puppy might stir up happy emotions in us, but what are they thinking? Does the look on their face and how they behave indicate how they’re feeling – or are they feeling nothing at all?当你遇到动物时，你想知道他们在想什么吗？看到一只刚出生的小羊或一只可爱的小狗可能会在我们心中激起快乐的情绪，但他们在想什么？他们脸上的表情和他们的举止是否表明他们的感受——或者他们根本没有任何感觉？Humans have a complex range of emotions, but it’s hard to tell what’s going on inside the heads of animals, mainly because they can’t verbalise their feelings. Perhaps it’s pets we think we understand most – as they are the animals we spend a lot of time with and therefore get to know best. Some of us own dogs because they are good companions, are loyal and seem to connect with us. We might even think they love us, although love could just be a human emotion. Professor Kim Bard, an expert in comparative developmental psychology from the University of Portsmouth, told the BBC: “We have a few studies now that actually show, scientifically… that [some] dogs will respond with empathetic concern when their owner – but not a stranger – pretends to cry.” The empathetic ability of cats, however, is harder to work out.人类的情绪范围很复杂，但很难说出动物脑袋里在想什么，主要是因为它们无法用语言表达自己的感受。也许我们认为我们最了解的是宠物——因为它们是我们花很多时间陪伴的动物，因此最了解它们。我们中的一些人养狗是因为它们是好伙伴、忠诚并且似乎与我们有联系。我们甚至可能认为他们爱我们，尽管爱可能只是一种人类情感。朴茨茅斯大学比较发展心理学专家金巴德教授告诉 BBC：“我们现在有一些研究实际上表明，科学地......陌生人——假装哭。”然而，猫的移情能力更难锻炼。Other non-domesticated animals might have feelings too. Giraffes and whales, for example, are known to experience grief when someone in their group dies. Farm animals we often eat, such as cows and chickens, are also believed to experience pain, joy and other emotions. Their wellbeing is now taken into consideration more. And in the UK, new legislation means all vertebrate animals and crustaceans will be recognised in law as sentient beings. It’s believed even tiny creatures like insects might have emotions as well. Research is beginning to show they experience a wide range of feelings. Writing for BBC Future website, Zaria Gorvett says “they can be optimistic, cynical, or frightened, and respond to pain just like any mammal would.”其他未驯养的动物也可能有感觉。例如，众所周知，长颈鹿和鲸鱼在其群体中有人死亡时会感到悲伤。我们经常吃的农场动物，如牛和鸡，也被认为会经历痛苦、快乐和其他情绪。他们的福祉现在被更多地考虑在内。在英国，新立法意味着所有脊椎动物和甲壳类动物都将在法律上被视为有情众生。据信，即使像昆虫这样的微小生物也可能有情感。研究开始表明他们会体验到各种各样的感受。 Zaria Gorvett 为 BBC Future 网站撰稿说：“它们可以是乐观的、愤世嫉俗的或害怕的，并且像任何哺乳动物一样对疼痛做出反应。”Dr Barbara J King, Emerita Professor of Anthropology at the College of William and Mary, told the BBC: “If we understand the profound depths of emotions animals can feel, this should make us question the existence of zoos and slaughterhouses around the world, and rethink those systems.” It does seem all creatures feel emotion, but what is not clear is do they feel the same way as us?威廉玛丽学院人类学名誉教授芭芭拉·J·金 (Barbara J King) 博士告诉 BBC：“如果我们了解动物可以感受到的深远情感，这应该会让我们质疑世界各地动物园和屠宰场的存在，以及重新考虑这些系统。”似乎所有的生物都有情感，但不清楚的是它们是否和我们有同样的感受？词汇表stir up 激起（情感）emotion 情感，情绪feel 感觉a range of 各种，不同的verbalise 用语言表达feelings 情感，感情companion 同伴，伙伴connect with 与…合得来，情感相通empathetic 有同感的，通人情的concern 担忧experience 感受，体会grief 悲痛，悲伤pain 疼痛，痛苦joy 喜悦sentient 有感知能力的optimistic 乐观的cynical 持怀疑态度的frightened 害怕的

How tall are you? Do you tower over your friends and family – or are they people you literally have to look up to? Obviously, we’re not all the same, and size doesn’t really matter. But did you know that there’s a possibility that we’re all getting taller?你有多高？你是否凌驾于你的朋友和家人之上——或者他们是你真正需要仰望的人？显然，我们并不完全相同，大小并不重要。但是你知道我们都有可能长高吗？Of course, our height is out of our control – it’s a biological fact, influenced partly by genetics. The idea that being taller gives you more power and authority might be a tall story, but according to David Robson, writing for BBC Future, “on the basis of first impressions alone, taller people may have the edge.” He adds that despite some slight risks to your health, various studies have found that the greater your height, the higher you score on measures of happiness and enjoyment of life.当然，我们的身高是我们无法控制的——这是一个生物学事实，部分受遗传学影响。认为个子高的人会拥有更多的权力和权威的想法可能是一个荒谬的故事，但根据为 BBC Future 撰稿的大卫·罗布森 (David Robson) 的说法，“仅根据第一印象，个子较高的人可能具有优势。”他补充说，尽管对你的健康有一些轻微的风险，但各种研究发现，你的身高越高，你在幸福感和生活享受方面的得分就越高。If this makes you want to become loftier, it’s good to know that all of us are taller than we were 150 years ago – by as much as ten centimetres. Scientists have known for a long time that humans with good diets and reliable access to food tend to grow taller and mature more quickly. Adult height in some countries has rocketed as they transformed into a developed society.如果这让你想要变得更高，那么知道我们所有人都比 150 年前高了 10 厘米是件好事。长期以来，科学家们就知道，拥有良好饮食和可靠食物来源的人往往会长得更高、成熟得更快。一些国家的成人身高在转变为发达社会后急剧上升。In a recent study, scientists have discovered a brain receptor, called MC3R, linked to our growing process. It’s thought to be the crucial link between food and sex development and growth. Professor Sir Stephen O’Rahilly from Cambridge University told the BBC: “It tells the body we’re great here, we’ve got lots of food, so grow quickly, have puberty soon and make lots of babies.” This discovery could lead to drugs to improve muscle mass and treat delayed growth, UK researchers say.在最近的一项研究中，科学家们发现了一种名为 MC3R 的大脑受体，它与我们的成长过程有关。它被认为是食物与性发育和生长之间的关键联系。剑桥大学的史蒂芬·奥拉希利教授告诉 BBC：“它告诉我们的身体，我们这里很棒，我们有很多食物，所以长得很快，很快就会进入青春期，并且会生很多孩子。”英国研究人员表示，这一发现可能会导致开发出改善肌肉质量和治疗生长迟缓的药物。For those aspiring to be taller, we need to look at the Dutch, who stand head and shoulders above the rest of us as the tallest people in the world. But there is a ceiling for height, and it’s reached when people achieve their genetic potential. But, of course lanky people have to stoop through doorways and struggle to fit in cars and can have joint and cardiovascular problems, so maybe we should be careful for what we wish for.对于那些渴望长高的人，我们需要看看荷兰人，他们作为世界上最高的人比我们其他人高出一头。但身高是有上限的，当人们发挥其遗传潜能时就会达到上限。但是，当然，瘦长的人必须弯腰穿过门口，费力才能坐进车里，而且可能会有关节和心血管问题，所以也许我们应该谨慎对待自己想要的东西。词汇表tower over 比…高look up to someone 仰望（某人），敬仰某人height 身高biological 生理的genetics 遗传tall story 无稽之谈the edge 优势lofty 高的mature 发育成熟的rocket 迅速增长brain receptor 脑受体growing 生长的puberty 青春期muscle mass 肌肉量head and shoulders above 比…高出一大截，远远高于ceiling 上限lanky 瘦高的stoop 弯腰

Most of us want to be in peak physical condition, get in shape and be healthy. While some gym bunnies are more obsessed with looking ripped, for many of us nutrition and watching what you eat is a vital way to stay healthy. But when it comes to food, what is calorie counting, and what are the positives and negatives of it?我们大多数人都希望身体处于最佳状态，保持体形和健康。虽然一些健身房的小兔子更着迷于看起来破烂不堪，但对我们许多人来说，营养和注意饮食是保持健康的重要方式。但是说到食物，什么是卡路里计数，它的优点和缺点是什么？A law in the UK came into force in April 2022 that requires large businesses such as restaurants, takeaways, and cafes to display the calorie information of non-pre-packed food and soft drinks on their menus. It’s a strategy aimed to tackle obesity and give people a more informed choice of what goes down their gullets. According to the NHS (National Health Service), generally, the recommended daily intake of calories for male adults is 2,500 per day, while female adults should consume 2,000 to maintain their weight levels. For those of us who wish to drop a few pounds, experts advise us to consume fewer calories than the recommended daily number, eat a balanced diet, and increase our levels of physical activity. Being able to count calories and know how much we can eat is a great way to try and stay on track with our diet.英国的一项法律于 2022 年 4 月生效，要求餐馆、外卖店和咖啡馆等大型企业在菜单上显示非预包装食品和软饮料的卡路里信息。这是一项旨在解决肥胖问题并让人们更明智地选择食物的策略。根据 NHS（国民健康服务），一般来说，男性成年人每天的推荐卡路里摄入量为每天 2,500 卡路里，而女性成年人应摄入 2,000 卡路里以维持体重水平。对于我们这些想要减掉几磅体重的人，专家建议我们每天摄入的卡路里要少于建议的摄入量，均衡饮食，并增加身体活动水平。能够计算卡路里并知道我们可以吃多少是尝试保持饮食正常的好方法。However, there are some sceptics when it comes to calorie counting. 200 calories of fresh fruit and 200 calories of junk food, for example cookies, have the same caloric value. However, there is a question of the health benefits of what you’re consuming, regardless of calories. While fresh fruit like apples contains things like vitamin C, junk food could contain an unhealthy level of sugar and fats. Likewise, fruit may fill you up and leave you not craving more food for longer than a biscuit with equal calories – meaning, overall, you eat less. Simply counting calories, while useful for weight loss, doesn’t take into account your intake of good fats, carbohydrates, and proteins – things that your body needs. So, if you’re trying to stick to a low-carb diet, just looking at numbers of calories on a menu won’t be that useful. So, always be mindful that what you’re eating is part of a healthy balanced diet.然而，对于卡路里计算，有些人持怀疑态度。 200 卡路里的新鲜水果和 200 卡路里的垃圾食品，例如饼干，具有相同的热量值。但是，无论卡路里如何，您所消耗的食物对健康的益处都是一个问题。虽然像苹果这样的新鲜水果含有维生素 C 等物质，但垃圾食品可能含有不健康的糖分和脂肪。同样，水果可能会让你感到饱足，并且比同等卡路里的饼干更不会让你渴望更多的食物——这意味着，总的来说，你吃得更少。简单地计算卡路里虽然对减肥有用，但并未考虑您摄入的有益脂肪、碳水化合物和蛋白质——这些都是您身体所需的物质。所以，如果你想坚持低碳水化合物饮食，只看菜单上的卡路里数量是没有用的。因此，请始终注意您所吃的是健康均衡饮食的一部分。词汇表peak 巅峰in shape 身体状况良好gym bunny 健身迷，非常关注体形、爱健身的人ripped 肌肉饱满、线条分明的nutrition 营养watch what you eat 注意饮食calorie 卡路里obesity 肥胖gullet 食道，食管intake 摄入量consume 吃，喝weight level 体重水平drop a few pounds 体重减轻几磅balanced diet 均衡饮食physical activity 体育活动junk food 垃圾食品fill someone up 填饱（某人的）肚子crave 想吃、喝，嘴馋a low-carb diet 低碳水饮食

For many of us, a work diary is a practical thing. We use them for work to make a note of appointments or meetings, scribbling words next to dates to remind us of something we have to do in the future. But journalling is more about feelings. It’s a personal diary, often kept far from prying eyes, sometimes detailing our secrets and desires. But, when it comes to feelings, what are the benefits to writing things down?对于我们许多人来说，工作日记是一件实用的事情。我们在工作中使用它们来记录约会或会议，在日期旁边涂写文字以提醒我们将来必须做的事情。但是写日记更多的是关于感受。这是一本个人日记，通常不会被窥探，有时会详细说明我们的秘密和欲望。但是，说到感情，写下来有什么好处呢？Sometimes it can be difficult to say exactly what we’re feeling. Because of anxiety or frustration, it can be tricky to put your problems into words. For some of us, putting pen to paper and jotting down our thoughts is a much easier process than saying them. But it’s not just about the ease of scrawling words. Writing things down can actually help us to formulate ideas, consolidate emotions, and understand our feelings. There’s something cathartic about making sense of something that is stressing us, annoying us, or getting us down. Writing a narrative of events or a series of words about what is on your mind can help you to focus, and is comparable to a form of meditation. And journalling isn’t just limited to words. Why not include squiggles, doodles or pictures of what’s happening in your life? Maybe the thing that is annoying you most could be best summed up by a caricature. In short, journalling is good for your mental health.有时很难准确地说出我们的感受。由于焦虑或沮丧，很难用语言表达您的问题。对于我们中的一些人来说，用笔在纸上记下我们的想法比说出来要容易得多。但这不仅仅与潦草的文字有关。把事情写下来实际上可以帮助我们形成想法、巩固情绪和理解我们的感受。理解让我们感到压力、烦扰或沮丧的事情是一种宣泄。写下事件的叙述或一系列关于您的想法的文字可以帮助您集中注意力，并且类似于一种冥想形式。日记不仅限于文字。为什么不包括你生活中发生的事情的曲线、涂鸦或图片？也许最让你烦恼的事情可以用漫画来概括。简而言之，写日记对您的心理健康有益。Another thing to consider is that our memories fade over time. What is clear in our minds today may just be forgotten a few years down the line. Logging what’s happening in our lives could trigger memories when we read our diary entries back in years to come, or could act as an insight into our past selves. We can see our development, or be reminded of exciting flashpoints in our lives. The person who was annoying us and you drew a doodle of five years ago may now be a close friend, or something that you were once scared of may now seem funny.另一件需要考虑的事情是我们的记忆会随着时间的推移而消失。今天在我们脑海中清晰的东西可能在几年后就会被遗忘。记录我们生活中发生的事情可能会在我们阅读未来几年的日记条目时触发记忆，或者可以作为对过去自我的洞察力。我们可以看到我们的发展，或者被提醒我们生活中令人兴奋的闪光点。五年前惹恼我们而你画了一张涂鸦的人现在可能是一个亲密的朋友，或者你曾经害怕的东西现在可能看起来很有趣。So, if you have something on your mind, it might be good to get things written down. And if something exciting happens, writing about it may help you to remember that wonderful time!所以，如果你有什么想法，最好把事情写下来。如果发生了令人兴奋的事情，将其写下来可能会帮助您记住那段美好的时光！词汇表work diary 工作日志，工作日程簿make a note 记下scribble 匆匆写下personal diary 私人日记prying eyes 窥探，窥视detail 详细描述write something down 写下put (something) into words 用文字表达put pen to paper 动笔，开始写jot down 草草记下scrawl 潦草地写formulate 确切表达，构想consolidate 巩固，加强cathartic 释放情绪的squiggle （写或画的）弯弯扭扭的线条，点点画画doodle 随手涂画caricature 漫画，讽刺画log 记录trigger 触发insight 深刻见解flashpoint 亮点，令人振奋的片段

How do you feel about bees? Do you get irritated when they buzz around you and do you fear their mission is just to sting you? Love them or loathe them, these little insects are extremely important creatures, and without them we might starve.你觉得蜜蜂怎么样？当它们在您周围嗡嗡作响时，您会感到恼火吗？您是否担心它们的任务只是刺痛您？爱它们或厌恶它们，这些小昆虫都是极其重要的生物，没有它们我们可能会饿死。Bees deserve some respect – they give us honey, and they play their part either pollinating the many vegetables and fruits we eat directly or pollinating the food for the animals that we then consume. In fact, they are the world’s most important pollinators. That’s not all – a study by the University of Reading in the UK, found bees and other pollinating insects have a global economic value of around £120bn ($150bn) and contribute around £690m ($850m) to the UK economy every year.蜜蜂值得尊重——它们给我们带来蜂蜜，它们发挥着自己的作用，要么为我们直接食用的许多蔬菜和水果授粉，要么为我们随后食用的动物的食物授粉。事实上，它们是世界上最重要的传粉者。这还不是全部——英国雷丁大学的一项研究发现，蜜蜂和其他授粉昆虫的全球经济价值约为 1200 亿英镑（1500 亿美元），每年为英国经济贡献约 6.9 亿英镑（8.5 亿美元）。So, bees are worth protecting, and although a small number of bee species are vital for crops such as oilseed rape, apples and strawberries, experts say we should be taking care of all our bees. Researchers say conservation efforts should be aimed at a wide number of species – even those that currently contribute little to crop pollination – in order to maintain biodiversity and ensure future food security.因此，蜜蜂值得保护，尽管少数蜜蜂物种对油菜、苹果和草莓等作物至关重要，但专家表示，我们应该照顾好所有蜜蜂。研究人员表示，保护工作应针对大量物种——即使是那些目前对作物授粉贡献不大的物种——以维持生物多样性并确保未来的粮食安全。Unfortunately, in recent times, bee populations have been declining due to pesticides, parasites, disease and habitat loss. It’s something we should be worried about because, as Gill Perkins, chief executive of the Bumblebee Conservation Trust, told BBC Future website: “They provide a whole ecosystem service.” The recent lockdowns caused by the coronavirus pandemic seem to have given bee populations a little boost because they faced less human disturbance, traffic and polluting fumes.不幸的是，近年来，由于杀虫剂、寄生虫、疾病和栖息地丧失，蜜蜂数量一直在下降。这是我们应该担心的事情，因为正如 Bumblebee Conservation Trust 的首席执行官 Gill Perkins 告诉 BBC Future 网站：“它们提供了完整的生态系统服务。”最近由冠状病毒大流行引起的封锁似乎使蜜蜂数量有所增加，因为它们面临的人为干扰、交通和污染烟雾较少。Conservationists hope, going forward, people will appreciate bees more and encourage them to thrive as they reconnect with nature. Gill Perkins says, “They are beginning to realise how their mental health and wellbeing is supported by nature – particularly by bumblebees, which are so iconic and beautiful and buzzy.” So, it really seems time to give bees a second chance.环保主义者希望，在未来，人们会更多地欣赏蜜蜂，并鼓励它们在与自然重新建立联系时茁壮成长。吉尔·珀金斯 (Gill Perkins) 说：“他们开始意识到大自然是如何支持他们的心理健康和福祉的，尤其是大黄蜂，它们是如此标志性、美丽和嗡嗡作响。”所以，是时候给蜜蜂第二次机会了。词汇表buzz 嗡嗡地叫sting 叮，蜇insect 昆虫pollinate 给（植物）传授花粉pollinator 传粉昆虫species 物种oilseed rape 欧洲油菜conservation （对动植物的）保护biodiversity 生物多样性pesticide 农药，杀虫剂parasite 寄生生物habitat loss 栖息地流失ecosystem 生态系统thrive 繁衍生息，茁壮成长nature 自然bumblebee 大黄蜂give (something or someone) a second chance 再给（某物或人）一次机会

They say once you learn how to ride a bike, you never forget. Most of us learnt when we were kids, and many still strap on our helmets, put our feet on the pedals, and shoot off for a ride around the streets. In recent times, cycling has seen a boost in popularity, so the question is, what makes it so appealing to people to straddle their bikes once again?他们说一旦你学会了如何骑自行车，你就永远不会忘记。我们中的大多数人在孩提时代就学会了，许多人仍然戴着头盔，把脚放在踏板上，然后在街上兜风。最近，骑自行车越来越受欢迎，那么问题是，是什么让人们再次骑自行车如此吸引人呢？First, let’s look at the health benefits. Cycling can improve your cardiovascular health and burn excess body fat. Strengthening your leg muscles in your calves and thighs helps to increase your potential torque and cadence. And cycling’s benefits aren’t just physical, but mental as well. A long ride in the countryside could help you to clear your mind, or de-stress. But it’s not only about your body and mind – there are also some plus sides for your wallet’s health.首先，让我们看看对健康的好处。骑自行车可以改善心血管健康并燃烧体内多余的脂肪。加强小腿和大腿的腿部肌肉有助于增加潜在的扭矩和节奏。骑自行车的好处不仅仅是身体上的，还有精神上的。在乡下长途骑行可以帮助您理清思绪或减轻压力。但这不仅关乎您的身心——对您钱包的健康也有一些好处。Cycling can be a great way to commute or get about town. By cycling, you save money on fuel or train fares. If you do drive into work, sometimes finding somewhere to park can be a nightmare, whereas finding somewhere to chain your bike up can be much simpler. Then, on the train, there are changes at stations and other commuters speaking loudly on their phones to deal with. Cyclists face neither of these issues. And if you’re worried about safety, there are designated cycle lanes in many major cities. Wearing high-visibility clothing, sometimes referred to as ‘hi-vis’, is another way to improve your safety when cycling on the roads.骑自行车是通勤或游览城镇的好方法。通过骑自行车，您可以节省燃料或火车票价。如果您确实开车上班，有时找地方停车可能是一场噩梦，而找地方给自行车上链条则要简单得多。然后，在火车上，车站和其他通勤者大声打电话应对。骑自行车的人不会面临这两个问题。如果您担心安全，许多大城市都有指定的自行车道。穿着高能见度的衣服，有时被称为“hi-vis”，是在路上骑自行车时提高安全性的另一种方法。Finally, cycling can also be good for the environment. It can help you to reduce your carbon footprint. Not pumping out fumes into the atmosphere is better for the planet and your own environment.↳最后，骑自行车也有利于环境。它可以帮助您减少碳足迹。不向大气中排放烟雾对地球和您自己的环境更好。So, whether people want to cycle for their health, getting about town, their wallet, the environment, or a combination of all of them – the popularity of cycling is on the rise.因此，无论人们是想骑自行车是为了健康、出行、钱包、环境，还是所有这些因素的结合——骑自行车的人气都在上升。词汇表strap on 系上，系好helmet 头盔，安全帽pedal 脚蹬子，脚踏板shoot off 快速骑走straddle 骑，跨坐cardiovascular 心血管的burn 燃烧body fat 体脂calf 小腿肚thigh 大腿torque 扭转力cadence 节奏，韵律commute 上下班往返，通勤get about 出行，外出走动fare 车费chain （用链条）锁住cycle lane 自行车道high-visibility 高能见度carbon footprint 碳足迹

For many of us, online shopping has made the process of purchasing goods a far simpler and more fluid process. No longer do we have to head to the shops to browse and peruse various objects, wandering round endless aisles, before finally settling for the first thing we saw. These days, we find the item we want or need online, click on it, and check out its description and user reviews. If it fits the bill, we send it to our basket and pay. There seems to be a wealth of options at our fingertips. But how do we know the options that pop up in front of us really are the best deals. And how might algorithms help or hinder us?对于我们中的许多人来说，在线购物使购买商品的过程变得更加简单和流畅。我们不再需要前往商店浏览和细读各种物品，在无尽的过道中徘徊，然后才最终满足于我们看到的第一件事。这些天，我们在网上找到我们想要或需要的物品，点击它，然后查看它的描述和用户评论。如果符合要求，我们会将其放入购物篮并付款。我们的指尖似乎有很多选择。但是我们怎么知道出现在我们面前的选项真的是最划算的。算法如何帮助或阻碍我们？Algorithms, simply put, are mathematical instructions which tell the computer how to solve problems. When shopping is involved, what is the problem they solve? Well, the algorithms instruct the computer which adverts to show and which products a user is most likely to splash the cash on. By analysing things we’ve previously bought or looked at, the algorithm can predict what goods we’re most likely to be enticed by. For some people, the idea of something guessing your preferences could sound a bit intimidating. But first, let’s look at the positives.简单地说，算法是告诉计算机如何解决问题的数学指令。当涉及购物时，他们解决的问题是什么？好吧，这些算法会指示计算机显示哪些广告以及用户最有可能在哪些产品上花钱。通过分析我们之前买过或看过的东西，该算法可以预测我们最有可能被哪些商品所吸引。对于某些人来说，猜测您的偏好的想法听起来有点吓人。但首先，让我们看看积极的一面。Time is an important thing – something we don’t want to waste too much of. By telling the computer to show us adverts for things we are interested in, it can save us a lot of time sifting through things or services that don’t match our criteria. They can also help us find the best deals.↳时间是一件重要的事情——我们不想浪费太多。通过告诉计算机向我们展示我们感兴趣的事物的广告，它可以为我们节省大量时间来筛选不符合我们标准的事物或服务。他们还可以帮助我们找到最好的交易。However, there are some people who have concerns about the impact of algorithms on our shopping experience. It is possible that algorithms may only select options from a limited number of brands, or may favour products from certain companies. There are also concerns that we aren’t always shown the cheapest or best deal, even though that’s what we’re searching for. Finally, some algorithms generate ads which tell you there are only a limited number of items you’re interested in left. They might just be there to manipulate you.但是，有些人担心算法会影响我们的购物体验。算法可能只从有限数量的品牌中选择选项，或者可能偏爱某些公司的产品。还有人担心我们并不总是显示最便宜或最好的交易，即使那是我们正在寻找的。最后，一些算法生成的广告会告诉您只剩下有限数量的您感兴趣的商品。他们可能只是在那里操纵你。So, the takeaway from this is that algorithms are here to stay, and it’s wise to know they exist. Whenever you’re shopping, be it online or off, make sure to shop around for the best deals. The first thing you see might not always be the best for you.因此，从中得出的结论是算法将继续存在，并且知道它们的存在是明智的。每当您购物时，无论是在线还是离线，请务必货比三家以获得最优惠的价格。您看到的第一件事可能并不总是最适合您的。词汇表fluid 流畅的head to 前往（某地）browse 随便看看、浏览peruse 浏览wander round 逛来逛去aisle （商场、超市货架间的）走道settle for 无奈选择，只好接受click on 用鼠标点击description （商品）描述user review 用户评价fit the bill 符合要求basket （网购结账前商品所在的）购物篮a wealth of options 选择众多at one’s fingertips 触手可及pop up 突然出现algorithm 算法hinder 阻碍advert 广告splash the cash 花大笔钱，挥霍goods 商品entice 引诱，吸引sift through 筛选brand 品牌shop around 货比三家

Let’s face it – most of us can’t resist a cup of tea or coffee sometimes. They’re a perfect pick-me-up and comforter. But there are alternative beverages, so why have we chosen these as our go-to drinks to soothe our hectic lives? And which one is superior?让我们面对现实吧——我们大多数人有时无法抗拒一杯茶或咖啡。它们是完美的提神剂和被子。但是有替代饮料，那么为什么我们选择这些作为我们的首选饮料来舒缓我们忙碌的生活呢？哪个更好？Let’s start with tea – it’s the second most consumed drink in the world. For many – especially the British – having a ‘cuppa’ is a daily ritual. The caffeine contained in it helps wake you up in the morning, and throughout the day we’ll make a brew to distract us from our work or to be sociable. And according to some scientists, habitual tea consumption can have some health benefits. Andrew Steptoe, a professor from University College London’s Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, told BBC Food that drinking black tea “may speed up recovery from the daily stresses in life… but we do not know what ingredients of tea were responsible for these effects on stress recovery and relaxation”.让我们从茶开始——它是世界上第二大消费饮料。对于许多人来说——尤其是英国人——喝杯茶是一种日常仪式。它所含的咖啡因有助于在早上叫醒您，而且我们会在一整天内冲泡咖啡来分散我们的工作注意力或促进社交。根据一些科学家的说法，经常喝茶对健康有好处。伦敦大学学院流行病学和公共卫生系教授安德鲁·斯特普托 (Andrew Steptoe) 告诉 BBC Food，喝红茶“可能会加快从生活中的日常压力中恢复过来……但我们不知道茶的哪些成分对这些影响负责压力恢复和放松”。Coffee is tea’s ‘trendier’ rival. Its popularity has grown over the years, and this is reflected in the number of coffee shops we see around – places to hang out, do business or catch up with friends. Coffee can taste great and can be served in many ways, but it’s sometimes how you have it that can be seen as a status symbol or the preserve of hipsters! Of course, it gives you a strong caffeine hit – roughly double of that contained in tea. However, too much can lead to anxiety. Sleep scientist Matt Walker told the BBC that caffeine can decrease the amount of restorative deep sleep you have.咖啡是茶的“更时髦”的竞争对手。它的受欢迎程度多年来一直在增长，这反映在我们周围看到的咖啡店数量上——闲逛、做生意或与朋友聚会的地方。咖啡味道好极了，饮用方式也多种多样，但有时您喝咖啡的方式会被视为身份的象征或时髦人士的专利！当然，它会给你带来强烈的咖啡因冲击——大约是茶中所含咖啡因的两倍。然而，太多会导致焦虑。睡眠科学家马特·沃克 (Matt Walker) 告诉 BBC，咖啡因会减少您恢复性深度睡眠的时间。But some scientists say drinking coffee – and green tea – can also be good for us. Researchers at Osaka University linked drinking a daily cup of coffee with a lower risk of death among both stroke survivors and healthy people, while drinking seven or more cups of green tea was associated with a lower risk of death among both heart attack and stroke survivors. So, whether we turn to coffee or tea for its taste, its image or as a lifestyle choice, it could be a lifesaver!但一些科学家表示，喝咖啡和绿茶对我们也有好处。大阪大学的研究人员认为，每天喝一杯咖啡可以降低中风幸存者和健康人的死亡风险，而喝七杯或更多绿茶可以降低心脏病发作和中风幸存者的死亡风险。因此，无论我们转向咖啡或茶是因为它的味道、形象还是作为一种生活方式的选择，它都可能是我们的救命稻草！词汇表pick-me-up 提神的东西hectic 忙碌的，繁忙的ritual 习惯，日常活动sociable 合群的，喜欢社交的habitual 惯常的，习惯性的health benefit 给健康带来的好处stress 精神压力relaxation 放松hang out （与某人）消磨时光，“泡” 在某个地方catch up 叙旧，唠家常status symbol 社会地位的象征hipster 潮人anxiety 焦虑lifestyle choice 生活方式选择lifesaver 帮上大忙的事物或人

Many of us love live music – listening to the singer belting out classics we love to sing along to. But while it can be lots of fun nodding our heads to the tunes booming out, it can also harm our hearing. Studies suggest that one in ten adults have had their hearing damaged by loud noises or music. So why is loud music damaging, and what can we do to prevent it from harming our ears?我们中的许多人都喜欢现场音乐——聆听歌手高唱我们喜欢跟着唱的经典歌曲。但是，尽管随着轰鸣的曲调点头会很有趣，但它也会损害我们的听力。研究表明，十分之一的成年人的听力因嘈杂的噪音或音乐而受损。那么为什么嘈杂的音乐会损害我们的耳朵，我们可以做些什么来防止它伤害我们的耳朵呢？Inside our ears, there are lots of tiny hair-like cells located in the cochlea. These cells are referred to as hair cells because very small bundles of stereocilia, which look like hairs under a microscope, sit on top of each cell. These groupings of stereocilia can be damaged when exposed to prolonged loud noises. Once damaged, these cells cannot respond to sound, and therefore we are left with noise-induced hearing loss – which can be permanent. It can also leave us with a constant ringing sound in our ears, which is known as tinnitus. So, what sounds are too loud?在我们的耳朵内部，耳蜗中有许多微小的毛发状细胞。这些细胞被称为毛细胞，因为非常小的静纤毛束位于每个细胞的顶部，在显微镜下看起来像毛发。当长时间暴露在嘈杂的噪音中时，这些静纤毛群可能会受损。一旦受损，这些细胞就无法对声音做出反应，因此我们会因噪声引起的听力损失而留下永久性的听力损失。它还会使我们的耳朵持续发出嗡嗡声，这就是所谓的耳鸣。那么，什么声音太大了？Sound is measured in decibels. The maximum safe level of sound humans are thought to be able to withstand without potential damage is 80db. The bangs or booms of a firework display can reach 120db, the whirring mechanical sound of a food processor can be around 85db, and live music can be around 110db. If these sounds continue for a long period of time, it puts our unprotected ears at risk.声音以分贝来衡量。人类被认为能够承受而不会造成潜在损害的最大安全声音水平是 80 分贝。烟花表演的爆炸声或轰鸣声可达 120 分贝，食品加工机的呼呼机械声可达 85 分贝左右，现场音乐可达 110 分贝左右。如果这些声音持续很长时间，就会使我们未受保护的耳朵处于危险之中。So what can we do to protect our ears? Firstly, when listening to music, especially while using your headphones or earphones, make sure you keep it at a sensible volume. Also, don’t get too close to speakers that are blaring out music. And, if you go to live concerts, why not take some earbuds with you? Finally, if you get a ringing sensation in your ears, it might be wise to speak to your doctor as soon as possible. Your hearing is important, but there are some steps you can take to be as safe as possible.那么我们可以做些什么来保护我们的耳朵呢？首先，在听音乐时，尤其是在使用头戴式耳机或入耳式耳机时，请确保将音量保持在合理的范围内。另外，不要离播放音乐的扬声器太近。而且，如果您去看现场音乐会，为什么不带上耳塞呢？最后，如果您感到耳鸣，最好尽快去看医生。您的听力很重要，但您可以采取一些措施来尽可能保证安全。词汇表listen 倾听，听belt out 高歌nod one’s head 点头tune 曲子，旋律boom out 发出低响，大声播放noise 噪音hair cell 毛细胞noise-induced 因噪声引起的hearing loss 听力损失ringing 嗡嗡声tinnitus 耳鸣decibel 分贝bang 巨响boom 低沉的响声whirr （机器）嗡嗡作响mechanical 机械的headphones （头戴式）耳机earphones 耳机volume 音量blare out 高声播放earbuds 耳塞

How good are you at maths? Some people love the challenge of algebra or enjoy working out number puzzles such as Sudoko. Maths is all around us, from working out how to split the bill after a meal, to calculating your household bills. But many dread the moment when they have to deal with numbers and figures and feel a real sense of worry and confusion. It can seem daunting, but this ‘maths anxiety’ is perfectly normal, and you’re definitely not alone. And anyway, our worries and fears don’t necessarily reflect our ability.你的数学有多好？有些人喜欢代数的挑战或喜欢解决数独等数字难题。数学无处不在，从计算饭后如何分摊账单到计算家庭账单。但许多人害怕面对数字和数字时感到真正的担忧和困惑。这看起来令人生畏，但这种“数学焦虑”是完全正常的，而且你绝对不是一个人。无论如何，我们的担忧和恐惧并不一定反映我们的能力。The problem really starts in childhood, at school. Research has found that maths teachers who are nervous about teaching the subject can pass on their anxiety to the pupils, and girls may be more likely to be affected. The Programme for International Student Assessment found around 31% of 15 and 16-year-olds across 34 countries said they got very nervous doing maths problems, 33% said they got tense doing maths homework, and nearly 60% said they worried maths classes would be difficult. Shulamit Kahn, from Boston University’s Questrom School of Business, told the BBC she believes giving students, particularly girls, good role models “is critical, especially at a young age”. She thinks the key is to get people, especially women, who love teaching maths to younger children.↳问题真正开始于童年，在学校。研究发现，对教授这门学科感到紧张的数学老师会将他们的焦虑传递给学生，女生可能更容易受到影响。国际学生评估项目发现，在 34 个国家/地区的 15 岁和 16 岁青少年中，约有 31% 的人表示他们在做数学题时感到非常紧张，33% 的人表示他们在做数学作业时感到紧张，近 60% 的人表示他们担心数学课会很难。波士顿大学奎斯特罗姆商学院的舒拉米特·卡恩 (Shulamit Kahn) 告诉 BBC，她认为给学生，尤其是女孩，树立良好的榜样“至关重要，尤其是在年轻的时候”。她认为关键是要找到喜欢教年幼孩子数学的人，尤其是女性。Writing for BBC Future, David Robson says “It’s not clear why maths arouses so much fear compared to geography. But the fact that there’s a right or wrong answer – there’s no room for bluffing – might make you more worried about underperforming.” And once we assume we’re not a ‘maths person’, we avoid solving things that we probably could do.大卫·罗布森 (David Robson) 为 BBC Future 撰稿说：“与地理相比，数学为什么会引起如此多的恐惧，这一点尚不清楚。但答案有对有错——没有虚张声势的余地——这一事实可能会让你更担心表现不佳。”一旦我们假设自己不是“数学家”，我们就会避免解决我们可能会做的事情。Psychologists have been trying to work out why mental arithmetic can bring us out in a sweat. That seed of fear may come from many sources, but some suggest that articulating your fears can loosen their hold on you, and encourage children to see a maths test as a challenge, not a threat. Ideally, we need to think positively about maths and give it a second chance.↳心理学家一直在努力弄清楚为什么心算能让我们大汗淋漓。恐惧的种子可能有很多来源，但有些人认为，表达你的恐惧可以放松他们对你的控制，并鼓励孩子们将数学考试视为挑战，而不是威胁。理想情况下，我们需要积极思考数学并给它第二次机会。词汇表algebra 代数puzzle 谜题，智力游戏Sudoko 数独游戏split the bill 分摊费用calculate 计算figures 数字maths anxiety 数学焦虑症ability 能力nervous 紧张的，担忧的problem 习题，问题homework 家庭作业role model 榜样bluff 蒙混过关underperform 表现不佳solve 解决mental arithmetic 心算articulate 清楚表达challenge 挑战a second chance 第二次机会

What’s the first thing you remember doing? It could be playing with your friends at school, or going to a birthday party and eating amazing cake. Most of us have a treasured early memory of our childhood, but can we really believe those vivid memories? Did those special moments really happen – or did we make them up?你记得做的第一件事是什么？可能是在学校和你的朋友一起玩，或者去参加生日聚会吃美味的蛋糕。我们大多数人都对童年有着珍贵的早期记忆，但我们真的可以相信那些生动的记忆吗？那些特殊的时刻真的发生了吗——还是我们编造的？It’s a strange concept to grasp, but according to research, about four out of 10 of us invent our first childhood memory. Rather than having experienced something, we could have fabricated a fake memory from videos or photos we’ve seen. We could have been influenced by a story recounted to us that spurs our minds on to adopt someone else’s memory as our own. What it means is that memories of our younger years, especially before the age of two, may be inaccurate, or entirely false.这是一个奇怪的概念，但根据研究，大约十分之四的人发明了我们的第一个童年记忆。我们可以根据看过的视频或照片编造虚假记忆，而不是经历过某些事情。我们可能会受到向我们讲述的一个故事的影响，这个故事会刺激我们的思想将别人的记忆当作我们自己的记忆。这意味着我们年轻时的记忆，尤其是两岁之前的记忆，可能是不准确的，或者完全是错误的。But why don’t we have clear memories from that age? Well, our ability to retain memories from before the age of two isn’t great. While at that age we do have short-term memories, according to Catherine Loveday, an expert in autobiographical memory at the University of Westminster, the memories that infants make are not long-lasting. This is possibly due to the rapid creation of brain cells in our early years. Some scientists also believe that as we get older, our childhood memories fade and after the age of seven, we get some kind of ‘childhood amnesia’.但为什么我们对那个时代没有清晰的记忆呢？好吧，我们保留两岁之前记忆的能力并不好。根据威斯敏斯特大学自传体记忆专家凯瑟琳·洛夫戴 (Catherine Loveday) 的说法，虽然在那个年龄我们确实有短期记忆，但婴儿的记忆并不持久。这可能是由于我们早年脑细胞的快速产生。一些科学家还认为，随着年龄的增长，我们的童年记忆会逐渐消失，七岁以后，我们会患上某种“童年失忆症”。So why do we create fake memories? Some experts believe that there is a clear desire for a sense of self and having a cohesive story of our existence. Creating memories can fill in the gaps – giving us a more complete structure for our early lives. As we get older, we want to have a complete picture of our entire lives.↳那么我们为什么要制造虚假记忆呢？一些专家认为，人们对自我意识和对我们的存在有一个连贯的故事有着明确的渴望。创造记忆可以填补空白——为我们的早年生活提供更完整的结构。随着年龄的增长，我们希望对自己的整个生活有一个完整的了解。So, the next time someone says they have a clear memory from when they were one – or even before - just remember that while it could be true, there’s a chance they just invented it at some point in their lives.↳因此，下一次有人说他们对自己的童年或什至以前记忆犹新时，请记住，虽然这可能是真的，但也有可能是他们在生活中的某个时刻发明的。↳词汇表treasured 珍视的，珍重的vivid 鲜明的，生动的concept 概念grasp 理解，领会fabricate 编造recount 叙述spur on 促使，激励adopt 采纳，采用inaccurate 不准确的clear 清晰的retain 记住short-term memory 短期记忆autobiographical 自传体的，与个人生活事件紧密相关的long-lasting 持久的brain cell 脑细胞fade 逐渐被遗忘amnesia 失忆cohesive 完整连贯的

When you were at school, were you ever told to stop daydreaming and concentrate? It was easy for your mind to wander if you weren’t interested in what you were learning or if you had better things to think about. Staying focused can still be a challenge in adult life, but understanding how to do it, and knowing what is distracting you, can help.当你在学校的时候，你有没有被告知要停止做白日梦并集中注意力？如果您对正在学习的内容不感兴趣，或者如果您有更好的事情要考虑，您的思绪很容易走神。保持专注仍然是成人生活中的一个挑战，但了解如何做到这一点，并知道是什么让你分心，会有所帮助。Scientists have looked at what makes us procrastinate and found a number of ways to help us stay in the zone. One of the most obvious things is eliminating noise. Research by Science Focus magazine found silence is best for concentration, or a gentle background hum and coffee shop noise is great! It also found turning off notifications on your phone, or switching it off altogether, removes a major distraction and helps us focus on the task at hand.科学家们研究了导致我们拖延的原因，并找到了多种方法来帮助我们保持拖延状态。最明显的事情之一是消除噪音。 Science Focus 杂志的研究发现安静最适合集中注意力，或者柔和的背景嗡嗡声和咖啡店的噪音很棒！它还发现关闭手机上的通知，或完全关闭它，可以消除主要的干扰并帮助我们专注于手头的任务。Another possible cure for a short attention span is brain training. Psychologists and neuroscientists are increasingly interested in our ability to knuckle down and have looked at what we can change inside our head to make us concentrate. An article for BBC Future by Caroline Williams says that “Attention Researcher Nilli Lavie of University College London has found that making a task more visually demanding… takes up more processing power and leaves the brain nothing left to process distractions.” So, keeping your mind busy might be the answer.注意力持续时间短的另一种可能的治疗方法是大脑训练。心理学家和神经科学家对我们屈服的能力越来越感兴趣，并研究了我们可以通过改变大脑内部的什么来让我们集中注意力。卡罗琳·威廉姆斯 (Caroline Williams) 为 BBC Future 撰写的一篇文章称，“伦敦大学学院的注意力研究员尼莉·拉维 (Nilli Lavie) 发现，让一项任务对视觉要求更高……会占用更多的处理能力，让大脑没有任何东西可以处理分心。”因此，保持头脑忙碌可能就是答案。There are more practical tips to keeping your mind focused. These include making a list or timetable of the tasks you have to do, finding a workspace where you’re not tempted to do other things, or chewing some gum! It’s possible the movement in your mouth occupies parts of the brain that might otherwise get distracted.还有更多实用技巧可以帮助您保持注意力集中。这些包括列出您必须完成的任务的清单或时间表，找到一个您不想做其他事情的工作空间，或者嚼点口香糖！嘴里的运动可能会占用大脑的一部分，否则这些区域可能会分心。But according to Science Focus magazine, distraction isn’t all bad. “If we were always so focused that we never got distracted, we’d miss potential changes, such as threats, in our environment. Distraction is vital for survival.”↳但据《科学焦点》杂志报道，分心并不全是坏事。 “如果我们总是如此专注以至于从不分心，我们就会错过环境中的潜在变化，例如威胁。分心对生存至关重要。”词汇表daydream 做白日梦mind to wander 走神，心不在焉focused 专注的distract 干扰，使分心procrastinate 拖延in the zone 状态极佳，在状态silence 安静，无声task at hand 手头的任务short attention span 注意力持续时间短，注意力不集中brain training 大脑训练neuroscientist 神经科学家knuckle down 开始努力工作或学习visually demanding 视觉上费力的，需要劳神看的processing power 处理能力threat 威胁

There are many different types of houses in the UK. You may see detached, semi-detached, terraced houses or even end-of-terrace houses on a typical street. You might see mansions in more affluent parts of town, or people residing in bungalows, preferring to live a life without stairs. Quaint cottages may dot the countryside, while heading to the cities you could see any number of types of flats, including houses turned into converted flats, studios and duplexes. But one thing you will notice is that many houses come from different eras, and asking a British person about their ideal home, many of them will have a specific period property in mind.英国有许多不同类型的房屋。在一条典型的街道上，您可能会看到独立式、半独立式、排屋甚至排屋尽头的房屋。您可能会在城镇较富裕的地区看到豪宅，或者居住在平房中的人们更喜欢没有楼梯的生活。古色古香的小屋可能点缀在乡村，而前往城市时，您可以看到各种类型的公寓，包括改建后的公寓、单间公寓和复式公寓。但你会注意到一件事，许多房子来自不同的时代，如果向英国人询问他们理想的家，他们中的许多人都会想到特定时期的房产。For some, it could be Victorian houses, which are often seen with bay windows, high ceilings, stained glass doors and coloured brickwork. During the Victorian era, a huge number of houses, particularly terraced, were built in towns and cities to accommodate vast numbers of workers who were moving from more rural areas.对于某些人来说，它可能是维多利亚式的房屋，这些房屋通常带有凸窗、高高的天花板、彩色玻璃门和彩色砖墙。在维多利亚时代，城镇建造了大量房屋，尤其是排屋，以容纳从更多农村地区迁移过来的大量工人。Georgian architecture refers to houses built during the period of 1714 and 1830 during the reigns of four British monarchs, all called George. Usually houses with this architectural style have a more symmetrical theme, both internally and externally, with a small square garden in front. For those not into older properties, new builds from the 1990s onwards offer better insulation against the cold and newer electrics. And those who prefer less maintenance could always go with the open-plan or minimalist look of the modern era.格鲁吉亚建筑是指在1714年和1830年期间在四位英国君主统治期间建造的房屋，他们都被称为乔治。通常这种建筑风格的房屋，其主题都比较对称，无论是内部还是外部，前面都有一个方形的小花园。对于那些不喜欢老房子的人来说，从 1990 年代开始的新建筑提供更好的隔热性能和更新的电气设备。那些喜欢较少维护的人总是可以选择现代时代的开放式或极简主义外观。So whether it’s high ceilings, better insulation, brickwork, bungalows or square gardens, people in Britain have a wide variety of preferences when it comes to where they live. And their ideal home may just simply be a case of what style feels like home.因此，无论是高高的天花板、更好的隔热效果、砖砌结构、平房还是方形花园，英国人在居住地方面都有各种各样的偏好。他们理想的家可能只是一种家的风格。词汇表detached 独栋的semi-detached 半独栋的terraced 连排的end-of-terrace 连排房最边上一幢的mansion 大豪宅reside 居住bungalow 平房（区别于两层及以上的房子）quaint 雅致的cottage （乡村）小屋flat 公寓converted flat 改造而成的公寓studio （兼具客厅、起居室、卫生间等的）单间公寓duplex 跃层房屋ideal 理想的period property 某个历史时期的房屋Victorian 英国维多利亚时代的bay window 飘窗ceiling 天花板stained glass 彩绘玻璃brickwork 砖墙Georgian 英国乔治王时代的new build 新建的房产insulation 隔热材料open-plan 开放式的，敞开式的

We’ve all been there. One minute you’re searching for something serious, like a recipe for dinner, or something for work, and the next you’ve been sucked in by endless videos of cats doing funny things after seeing a catchy title in your suggested videos column. They’re compelling, engrossing and captivating, and you can end up spending hours watching kittens make funny noises or mistiming jumps. But why do these videos so often end up going viral? What makes them so enthralling? And why are they more popular than dog videos?我们都去过那里。前一分钟你还在搜索一些严肃的东西，比如晚餐食谱或工作所需的东西，下一分钟你在看到推荐视频栏中吸引人的标题后就被没完没了的猫做有趣事情的视频所吸引。它们引人入胜、引人入胜、引人入胜，您最终可能会花几个小时看着小猫发出有趣的声音或错误地跳跃。但为什么这些视频最终会像病毒一样传播开来？是什么让他们如此迷人？为什么它们比狗视频更受欢迎？First, let’s talk about stereotypes. When many of us think about dogs, we imagine them rolling over onto their backs, tongues hanging out, or making a mess. They seem trusting and innocent – and they do silly things. Cats, on the other hand, seem somewhat more refined and independent. There’s a reason we have an expression ‘cool cat’. In short, cats seem more serious – and savvy. If we can get one over on a cat and make them do something like get in a box that slides down a hill, it’s comical. But with a dog, it’s not as funny because they trust you – and it’s easier. Tricking a cat, due to their wiliness, has more payoff.首先，让我们谈谈刻板印象。当我们中的许多人想到狗时，我们会想象它们翻身仰卧、伸出舌头或弄得一团糟。他们看起来很信任而且天真无邪——而且他们会做一些愚蠢的事情。另一方面，猫似乎更文雅、更独立。我们有一个表达“酷猫”的原因。简而言之，猫似乎更严肃——也更精明。如果我们能让一个人骑在一只猫身上，让他们做一些事情，比如钻进一个从山上滑下来的盒子，那就太可笑了。但是对于狗来说，这就没那么有趣了，因为它们信任你——而且更容易。欺骗猫，由于他们的狡猾，有更多的回报。The internet is filled with videos of cats making funny faces or reacting strangely. But why are they so funny? Well, simply – it’s unexpected. If you saw a cat walking down the street coolly or observing and preparing to attack a mouse, it wouldn’t be funny. But if that cat was walking sideways, wearing a silly costume, or becoming best friends with the mouse, suddenly we might start to laugh. Watching a cat that is normally majestic walk clunkily or pull a bizarre face is hilarious because it’s not something we would normally associate with that animal. It’s like watching someone who is normally very serious get the giggles. In some ways, we’re all laughing at their fall from grace.互联网上充斥着猫做鬼脸或做出奇怪反应的视频。但他们为什么这么有趣？嗯，很简单——这是出乎意料的。如果你看到一只猫冷静地走在街上，或者观察并准备攻击一只老鼠，那就不好笑了。但是，如果那只猫侧身行走，穿着一身愚蠢的服装，或者与老鼠成为最好的朋友，我们可能会突然开始大笑。看着一只通常威严的猫笨拙地走路或拉着一张怪异的脸是很有趣的，因为我们通常不会把它与那只动物联系起来。这就像看着一个通常非常严肃的人被咯咯笑了起来。在某些方面，我们都在嘲笑他们失宠。So the next time you see one of those many memes of cats in awkward situations or videos that make you chuckle, try to remember why it’s so funny. And spare a thought for all those dogs that are trying to entertain us too.因此，下次当您看到猫处于尴尬境地的许多模因或让您咯咯笑的视频时，请试着记住它为什么如此有趣。想想所有那些也想招待我们的狗。词汇表suck in 陷入compelling 引人入胜的engrossing 非常有趣的captivating 令人着迷的viral （在网络上）迅速传播的enthralling 吸引人的stereotype 成见refined 优雅的cool cat 时尚的人savvy 精明的get one over on 捉弄trick 戏弄wiliness 狡猾unexpected 意想不到的majestic 高贵的，有威严的clunkily 笨拙地pull a face 做鬼脸the giggles 咯咯傻笑，笑个不停fall from grace 失态meme （用当下流行文化素材配上文字的）自制表情包