英语每日一听 | 每天少于5分钟

When you go on holiday, where do you like to stay? Do you like the luxury of a five-star hotel, the convenience of a self-catering apartment or do you prefer the freedom of sleeping under canvas? If you haven’t tried the latter, maybe you should join the increasing number of people who are enjoying the simple pleasures of camping.当你去度假时，你喜欢住在哪里？您是喜欢五星级酒店的奢华，还是自助式公寓的便利，还是更喜欢睡在帆布下的自由？如果你还没有尝试过后者，也许你应该加入越来越多的人的行列，他们正在享受露营的简单乐趣。By grabbing your tent, and some additional accessories, it’s easy to head off to the countryside and enjoy a night or two under the stars. Many campers are ditching the trappings of their modern, hectic life to do this, encouraged by experts who say a few peaceful nights in the middle of nowhere might be a good way to unwind and improve our sleep patterns and well-being. It is also, of course, a good low-budget holiday option.带上帐篷和一些额外的配件，就可以轻松前往乡村，在星空下享受一两晚。许多露营者正在摆脱他们现代、忙碌的生活的束缚来这样做，专家们鼓励他们说，在偏僻的地方度过几个宁静的夜晚可能是放松和改善我们的睡眠方式和幸福感的好方法。当然，这也是一个不错的低预算假期选择。For the adventurous, wild camping is the ultimate escape from reality. Armed with just some food and a sleeping bag, you’re free from rules, away from other people, and able to enjoy the back-to-basics experience. One wild camper, Phoebe Smith, told the BBC: “The act of sleeping when everybody else has gone home – when you notice the wildlife and the stars – is one of the best things in life.”↳对于喜欢冒险的人来说，野外露营是逃离现实的终极方式。带上一些食物和一个睡袋，您就可以摆脱束缚，远离他人，享受返璞归真的体验。一位野外露营者菲比·史密斯 (Phoebe Smith) 告诉 BBC：“在其他人都回家的时候睡觉——当你注意到野生动物和星星时——是生活中最美好的事情之一。”But for those who still want some home comforts, a campsite is a more suitable place to pitch your tent. Here you have facilities such as washrooms, a shop and maybe even a restaurant. And for the most luxurious camping experience, you could try glamping. In the UK, camping – and caravanning – has always been popular. One survey by Visit Britain found around 4.38 million people go camping in Britain every year.但对于那些仍然想要一些家的舒适感的人来说，露营地是更适合搭帐篷的地方。这里有洗手间、商店甚至餐厅等设施。而对于最豪华的露营体验，您可以尝试露营。在英国，露营和房车旅行一直很受欢迎。英国旅游局的一项调查发现，每年约有 438 万人去英国露营。More recently, sales of camping gear have jumped as more people have opted for a staycation within the UK due to travel restrictions caused by the coronavirus pandemic. One camping retailer, Halfords, reported a surge in demand for products such as stoves, cool boxes and camping chairs. With the addition of inflatable mattresses and pillows, powerful torches and lamps to light up your tent and a better selection of easy-to-cook food, you can almost guarantee a comfortable and enjoyable camping expedition. The only thing you can’t guarantee, in the UK at least, is good weather! So maybe it’s time to slum it and give camping a try.最近，由于冠状病毒大流行造成的旅行限制，越来越多的人选择在英国国内度假，露营装备的销量猛增。一家露营零售商 Halfords 报告称，对炉灶、冷藏箱和露营椅等产品的需求激增。再加上充气床垫和枕头、可以照亮帐篷的强力手电筒和电灯，以及更易烹饪的食物，几乎可以保证您的露营之旅舒适愉快。至少在英国，您唯一不能保证的就是好天气！所以也许是时候去贫民窟试试露营了。词汇表five-star 五星级的self-catering 自理膳食的under canvas （睡）在帐篷里camping 露营tent 帐篷accessories 配件under the stars 在星空下，在野外camper 露营者ditch 摆脱，抛弃the middle of nowhere 荒郊野岭，人迹罕至的地方low-budget 开销少的，低预算的adventurous 勇于冒险的wild camping 野营sleeping bag 睡袋back-to-basics 返璞归真的home comfort 家一般的舒适campsite 度假营地，宿营地pitch 搭（帐篷）facilities 设施glamping 豪华露营，舒适露营caravanning 驾宿营车度假staycation “宅” 度假，居家度假（不出远门，在家附近度假）stove 炉子cool box （用于保存食物、饮料等的）冷箱camping chair 野营椅inflatable mattress 充气床垫torch 手电筒slum it 简朴点，将就点

Are you good with your hands? Many of us like to make things which we can use or give as gifts. Crafting is certainly a hobby that’s seen a resurgence, and those who pursue it claim getting creative improves their mood.你的手好用吗？我们中的许多人都喜欢制作可以使用或作为礼物赠送的东西。手工制作无疑是一种重新流行的爱好，追求它的人声称获得创意可以改善他们的心情。The recent lockdowns caused by the Covid pandemic gave people time at home to try out new activities, which they’ve continued to enjoy. Many turned to hobbies such as craft making as a way to soothe their work-from-home burnout. Knitting, crocheting, pottery and painting are all crafts that have seen a revival, and many of them are being done by younger people.Covid 大流行导致的最近封锁让人们有时间在家里尝试新的活动，他们继续享受这些活动。许多人转向手工制作等爱好来缓解他们在家工作的倦怠感。针织、钩编、陶艺和绘画都是复兴的工艺品，其中许多都是由年轻人从事的。But even before the pandemic, people were turning to arts and crafts as an interesting pastime and even a way to make a bit of pocket money. Numerous websites, such as Etsy and Folksy, allowed people to sell their handmade goods. Richard Sennett, author of the Craftsman, told the BBC that: “A lot of people are finding their day jobs pretty empty, whereas learning a craft provides a real satisfaction. It’s a skill – things like carpentry and weaving are mentally and physically stimulating, and people get inherent pleasure out of that kind of work”.但即使在大流行之前，人们就开始将艺术和手工艺作为一种有趣的消遣，甚至是一种赚点零用钱的方式。许多网站，如 Etsy 和 Folksy，允许人们出售他们的手工制品。 《工匠》一书的作者理查德·森尼特 (Richard Sennett) 告诉 BBC：“很多人发现他们的日常工作很空虚，而学习一门手艺却能带来真正的满足感。这是一种技能——像木工和编织这样的东西可以刺激身心，人们从这种工作中获得内在的乐趣”。The internet has also been the place to turn to to buy craft kits which help you get started with your craft-making projects, such as candle making or macrame. But many people are enjoying designing and making things from scratch and are doing it just for pleasure or to occupy their minds – and there’s evidence that it’s good for us as well. According to research commissioned by BBC Arts, even the briefest time spent on a creative pastime such as painting, pottery or playing the piano, has an impact on our wellbeing and emotions. The survey of around 50,000 people found being creative can help avoid stress, free up mind space and improve self-development, which helps build self-esteem.互联网也是购买工艺套件的地方，可以帮助您开始您的工艺制作项目，例如蜡烛制作或花边。但是很多人都喜欢从头开始设计和制作东西，并且只是为了乐趣或占据他们的思想 - 并且有证据表明这对我们也有好处。根据 BBC Arts 委托进行的研究，即使花在绘画、陶艺或弹钢琴等创造性消遣上的时间最短，也会对我们的幸福感和情绪产生影响。对大约 50,000 人的调查发现，具有创造力有助于避免压力、释放思维空间并改善自我发展，从而有助于建立自尊。So, if you’re looking for the perfect tonic for your stressed-out life, maybe now’s the time to get creative.所以，如果您正在为您压力重重的生活寻找完美的滋补品，也许现在是发挥创意的时候了。词汇表good with your hands 手巧crafting 手工制作hobby 兴趣爱好creative 创造性的，创意的craft making 做手工knitting 针织crocheting 钩织pottery 陶艺painting 绘画revival 再度流行arts and crafts 美术与工艺pastime 消遣活动handmade 手工制作的satisfaction 满足感carpentry 木匠活，木工weaving 编织craft kit 工艺套装candle making 制作蜡烛macrame 编绳，编结from scratch 从零开始

Do you know the names of the people who live next door? Chances are you live next to someone, but do you actually know them? Sadly, the only time we do seem to hear about people’s neighbours is when things go wrong – hearing people say things like they have the neighbours from hell! So, what does go wrong?你知道住在隔壁的人的名字吗？你可能住在某人旁边，但你真的认识他们吗？可悲的是，我们似乎唯一一次听到人们的邻居是在事情出错的时候——听到人们说他们有来自地狱的邻居！那么，出了什么问题呢？When talking about famous feuds with people who live in proximity, you only need to think of the Montagues and Capulets in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet. Thankfully, most real-life quarrels don’t go that far. These days, especially in cities, many people live in condominiums, tightly packed into apartment blocks. Our neighbours are all around us – so what issues can come from that?当谈论与住在附近的人的著名世仇时，您只需要想到莎士比亚的罗密欧与朱丽叶中的蒙太古和凯普莱特。值得庆幸的是，大多数现实生活中的争吵都没有那么严重。如今，尤其是在城市里，许多人住在公寓里，密密麻麻地挤在公寓楼里。我们的邻居就在我们身边——那么这会带来什么问题呢？The first obvious cause of dispute is noise pollution. Loud bass pumping through the walls, construction, or people arguing next door can disrupt the harmony of your living space. Asking someone directly to turn the music down can cause you to feel anxious. However, getting someone like a building manager involved to speak to your neighbour and making complaints official can make things more awkward down the line as you didn’t speak to your neighbour directly.第一个明显的争议原因是噪音污染。穿过墙壁、建筑或隔壁争吵的人的响亮低音会破坏您生活空间的和谐。直接要求某人将音乐音量调低可能会让您感到焦虑。但是，让大楼经理等人参与与您的邻居交谈并正式投诉可能会使事情变得更加尴尬，因为您没有直接与邻居交谈。And then what about smells? If your neighbour likes eating especially pungent food, something that offends your nostrils, and that smell drifts through your window, what can you do? Some other common issues include water leaking through the ceiling, pets making noise, and littering from the balcony above you.那么气味呢？如果你的邻居特别喜欢吃刺激性的食物，会刺激你的鼻孔，而且气味会从你的窗户飘进来，你能怎么办？其他一些常见问题包括天花板漏水、宠物发出噪音以及在您上方的阳台上乱扔垃圾。And then, if you’re lucky enough to own a garden, that can present even more issues to fight with your neighbour about! This could include hedges and fences that are too high, balls and toys invading your garden or hitting your windows, and boundary disputes over where your neighbours’ land ends. All these can create animosity over time.然后，如果你足够幸运拥有一个花园，那可能会出现更多问题需要与你的邻居争吵！这可能包括树篱和栅栏太高，球和玩具侵入您的花园或撞击您的窗户，以及关于邻居土地边界的边界纠纷。随着时间的推移，所有这些都会产生敌意。It’s not easy living next door to someone, especially if they’re noisy. But having a clear and honest line of dialogue might help. Also, try considering if the things you are doing could upset your neighbours. If it’s something that would upset you, maybe think again.住在某人的隔壁并不容易，尤其是当他们很吵的时候。但是，进行清晰和诚实的对话可能会有所帮助。此外，请尝试考虑您正在做的事情是否会让您的邻居不高兴。如果这会让你不高兴，也许再考虑一下。词汇表next door 隔壁neighbour from hell 非常糟糕的邻居feud 争吵不休，长期不和proximity 邻近quarrel 争吵condominium 公寓住房apartment block 公寓楼dispute 纠纷noise pollution 噪音污染bass 低音argue 争吵harmony 和谐，融洽living space 生活空间building manager 物业经理hedge 树篱fence 围栏，篱笆boundary 分界，此处指两家之间的界线animosity 敌意，憎恶dialogue 对话

We all know driving can be stressful. One minute you’re minding your own business and the next someone cuts you up. Manoeuvres like that can be annoying and irritating, but for some of us, it can make us incandescent with rage. So what is road rage, and what things can cause it?我们都知道驾驶可能会有压力。前一分钟你在管自己的事，下一分钟有人打断你。像这样的动作可能会令人讨厌和恼火，但对于我们中的一些人来说，它会让我们愤怒地白炽灯。那么什么是路怒症，什么因素会导致它呢？Road rage, simply put, is a sudden burst of anger that motorists experience when they feel angered by something another driver, cyclist or pedestrian has done. Road rage can manifest itself in several ways, including verbal or physical threats, insults, and even dangerous driving. The drivers themselves may feel anxiety and stress, which can cause them to speed or swerve across the road. Experts like Leon James, a professor of traffic psychology at the University of Hawaii, US, warn that experiencing these moments, especially repeatedly, could be harmful to our health due to the number of stress hormones entering our bodies.简单地说，路怒症是驾驶者在对其他司机、骑自行车的人或行人的所作所为感到愤怒时突然爆发的愤怒。路怒症可以通过多种方式表现出来，包括口头或身体威胁、侮辱，甚至危险驾驶。司机自己可能会感到焦虑和压力，这可能导致他们超速或转向过马路。美国夏威夷大学交通心理学教授莱昂·詹姆斯（Leon James）等专家警告说，由于进入我们体内的压力荷尔蒙数量众多，经历这些时刻，尤其是反复经历，可能对我们的健康有害。So, what can cause us to experience road rage? Being tailgated, undertaken on a busy motorway, seeing someone swooping across several lanes, chatting on their phone, or hogging the middle lane in front of us are just some of the things that may stress us. And what about parking? Someone stealing the space we wanted at the last second could tip us over the edge! Being aware of what can trigger these feelings of rage may be key to controlling it.那么，是什么会导致我们经历路怒症呢？被尾随，在繁忙的高速公路上行驶，看到有人在几条车道上俯冲，在手机上聊天，或者占据我们面前的中间车道，只是可能给我们带来压力的一些事情。那么停车呢？有人在最后一秒偷走了我们想要的空间，可能会让我们翻到边缘！意识到什么会引发这些愤怒的感觉可能是控制它的关键。So what can we do to keep relaxed? Try driving in a good mood, and if you see a traffic jam, just remember that they can’t be avoided. And try leaving a little earlier in future. Also, if you see someone who is really angry, try not to maintain eye contact, and don’t get out of the car to confront them. And if you feel stressed and anxious, try pulling over somewhere and resting while you calm down.那么我们能做些什么来保持放松呢？试着心情好，如果你看到交通拥堵，只要记住它们是无法避免的。并尝试在将来早一点离开。另外，如果你看到某人真的很生气，尽量不要保持眼神交流，也不要下车面对他们。如果您感到压力和焦虑，请尝试将车停在某个地方并在冷静下来时休息。So the next time you feel stressed while driving, just remember road rage can happen to anyone – and relaxing a bit when you feel that way may not just make it safer for you, but for others too.↳因此，下次您在开车时感到压力时，请记住，路怒症可能发生在任何人身上——当您有这种感觉时放松一下，不仅会让您更安全，也会让其他人更安全。词汇表cut someone up 超车抢到某人前面manoeuvre 开车动作incandescent with rage 大发雷霆，怒不可遏motorist 开车的人，司机manifest 显现dangerous driving 危险驾驶speed （开车）超速swerve （开车）急转弯tailgate 紧随（前车）行驶，跟车太近undertake 强行超车motorway 高速公路swoop 猛地开过lane 车道hogging 占路parking 停车，驻车space 车位tip someone over the edge 把某人逼疯trigger 触发，诱发traffic jam 交通堵塞confront 与…当面对质pull over 停车

There aren’t many parents who would say that raising children is easy. For many people, having children can force parents to choose between career and family. Sometimes it comes down to finances – sending a child to nursery or hiring a nanny can be a huge financial burden that is unsustainable, while others may feel it’s better to be a hands-on parent. These days, more and more men are choosing to stay at home to look after their offspring. So why are more dads opting to put their careers on hold, and what does the job entail?没有多少父母会说养孩子很容易。对很多人来说，生孩子会迫使父母在事业和家庭之间做出选择。有时它归结为经济问题——送孩子去托儿所或雇用保姆可能是不可持续的巨大经济负担，而其他人可能觉得做一个亲力亲为的父母更好。如今，越来越多的男性选择留在家里照顾他们的后代。那么，为什么越来越多的爸爸选择暂停他们的职业生涯，这份工作需要做什么呢？With more women working outside the home than 70 years ago, if the need is there for one parent to stay at home, it could simply come down to who earns more – the biggest breadwinner. And with attitudes changing towards a man’s role in the family, it seems to be easier for them to enter full-time parenthood. Sadly, though, many men still face stigmas by choosing to raise their child. A 2013 study in the US by the Pews Research Center found that 51% of people thought children were better off if a mother is home and doesn’t have a job, while 8% say the same about a father. But what do parents have to do when they choose to stay with their kids?与 70 年前相比，外出工作的女性越来越多，如果需要父母中的一方留在家里，那只能归结为谁挣得更多——最大的养家糊口者。随着人们对男性在家庭中的角色的态度发生转变，他们似乎更容易成为全职父母。然而，可悲的是，许多男人仍然因选择抚养孩子而面临耻辱。皮尤斯研究中心 2013 年在美国进行的一项研究发现，51% 的人认为如果母亲在家且没有工作，孩子的生活会更好，而 8% 的人认为父亲也是如此。但是当父母选择留在孩子身边时，他们必须做些什么呢？In the early stages, a baby is totally dependent on a carer. The changing of nappies, burping after milk and making sure they feed on time are just some of the vital 24-7 activities an infant relies on. During this period, many parents take paternity and maternity leave from work. But as a child gets older, it can become less about necessity and more about choice. Rather than opt for a creche, which can prove expensive, either parent may remain at home to educate, protect and play with their child to help them develop and grow.↳在早期阶段，婴儿完全依赖照顾者。换尿布、挤奶后打嗝并确保它们按时喂食只是婴儿所依赖的 24-7 重要活动的一部分。在此期间，许多父母休陪产假和产假。但随着孩子年龄的增长，它可能会变得不那么必要，而更多地是关于选择。与其选择托儿所，父母任何一方都可以留在家里教育、保护和与孩子一起玩耍，以帮助他们发展和成长。It’s a difficult job, with a demanding boss, but it can also be incredibly rewarding for those willing to do it. And with attitudes changing towards who should stay at home, maybe more and more fathers will choose to become stay-at-home dads.↳这是一项艰巨的工作，老板要求很高，但对于那些愿意做这件事的人来说，这也是非常有益的。随着人们对谁应该留在家里的态度发生变化，也许越来越多的父亲会选择成为全职爸爸。词汇表raise 养育nursery 托儿所nanny 保姆burden 负担hands-on 事事参与，亲力亲为look after 照顾，照料offspring 子女dad 爸爸breadwinner 挣钱养家糊口的人parenthood 为人父母carer 护工，护理员nappy 尿布burp 拍嗝feed 吃奶，吃东西infant 婴儿paternity leave （父亲）陪产假maternity leave 产假creche 日托中心

Bath or shower? How do you prefer to keep yourself clean? Whatever your daily ablutions, we know it’s important to have good personal hygiene. Nobody wants to smell, and nobody wants to catch your odour! A shower can bring you certain other benefits, but how often should we wash ourselves under a watery spray?浴缸还是淋浴？你喜欢怎样保持自己的清洁？无论您的日常沐浴方式如何，我们都知道保持良好的个人卫生很重要。没有人想闻，也没有人想闻到你的气味！淋浴可以为您带来某些其他好处，但我们应该多久用喷水清洗一次呢？Although you might think taking a daily shower should be part of your cleaning ritual, there’s no hard and fast rule, although dermatologists agree that as a society, we shower too often. In fact, too much washing can deplete the vital oils in our skin. It can waste water as well. However, if you have a fitness regime that causes you to sweat, a more regular sprinkle of water is recommended to stop you ponging!尽管您可能认为每天淋浴应该成为您清洁习惯的一部分，但并没有硬性规定，尽管皮肤科医生认为作为一个社会，我们淋浴太频繁了。事实上，过多的洗涤会耗尽我们皮肤中的重要油脂。它也会浪费水。但是，如果您的健身计划会让您出汗，建议您更规律地洒水以阻止您打嗝！How often you shower is, of course, a personal choice. There’s nothing better than a hot, soapy scrub under the shower, and this doesn’t just have to be to clean yourself. Some people enjoy a shower to help them relax, warm up or to soothe any aches and pains. It’s also a good opportunity to wash your hair at the same time. Again, though, experts say we shouldn’t shower too often because, like your skin, your hair contains essential oils that you don’t want to lose through excessive scrubbing.↳当然，您多久淋浴一次是个人选择。没有什么比在淋浴下用热肥皂擦洗更好的了，而且这不仅仅是为了清洁自己。有些人喜欢淋浴来帮助他们放松、热身或缓解疼痛。这也是同时洗头的好机会。不过，专家再次表示，我们不应该经常洗澡，因为就像您的皮肤一样，您的头发含有精油，您不想因过度擦洗而流失。If the idea of a hot, steaming shower appeals, how about a freezing cold one instead? This might be a necessity if your boiler has broken, but some people choose this option because it has many health benefits, some experts claim. There is increasing evidence that braving an icy shower in the morning could keep illness at bay and may even help your brain stay sharp. A BBC podcast called Just One Thing with Michael Mosley, found the shock of being doused with cold water could have a positive impact on your body and brain.↳↳如果热气腾腾的淋浴很吸引人，那么来个冰冷的淋浴怎么样？如果你的锅炉坏了，这可能是必要的，但一些专家声称，有些人选择这个选项是因为它对健康有很多好处。越来越多的证据表明，早上冒着冰水淋浴可以预防疾病，甚至可以帮助您的大脑保持敏锐。迈克尔·莫斯利 (Michael Mosley) 主持的名为 Just One Thing 的 BBC 播客发现，被泼冷水的冲击会对您的身体和大脑产生积极影响。The thought of a cold shower might not make you jump out of bed in the morning, but whatever the temperature, a splash of water will wake you up and make you feel and smell great!一想到要洗个冷水澡，您可能不会在早上从床上跳起来，但无论温度如何，泼洒的水都会唤醒您，让您感觉和闻起来都棒极了！词汇表bath 泡澡shower 淋浴ablutions （幽默说法）沐浴personal hygiene 个人卫生odour （难闻的）气味wash 洗（澡）ritual 必做之事，惯例dermatologist 皮肤科医生deplete 消耗vital oil 必不可少的油分fitness regime 健身计划sweat 出汗pong 散发难闻的气味soapy 涂满肥皂的aches and pains 身体疼痛scrub 擦洗steaming 热气腾腾的freezing cold 寒冷彻骨的health benefit 健康效益，有益健康brave 勇敢地做keep something at bay 预防，防止（不快的事情发生）douse 泼，溅

One thing we always remember from our childhood is our favourite teddy bear. This soft, ragged toy was our comfort and companion. As we grow up, we normally give up our childish ways, and our furry friend often ends up in storage or at a jumble sale. But that’s not the case for everyone.我们从小就永远记得的一件事是我们最喜欢的泰迪熊。这个柔软、破烂的玩具是我们的安慰和伴侣。随着我们的成长，我们通常会放弃幼稚的方式，而我们毛茸茸的朋友通常会被存放在仓库或杂货店。但并非所有人都如此。It seems that some grown-ups continue to need their cuddly toy by their sides. One sleep survey suggested a tenth of people in the UK need a teddy bear in bed. And for some adults, soft toys remain an essential presence ­– they take them wherever they go.似乎一些成年人仍然需要他们身边的可爱玩具。一项睡眠调查表明，十分之一的英国人需要在床上养一只泰迪熊。对于一些成年人来说，毛绒玩具仍然是必不可少的存在——无论他们走到哪里，他们都会带着它们。A cuddly toy can come in many forms – animals, strange shapes or just a piece of stuffed material. But it’s the teddy bear in particular that seems to have an enduring appeal – it gives us a nostalgic feeling and a reminder of our younger days. Writing for the BBC, historian David Cannadine says, “Perhaps it’s that bears represent the happy security of a childhood friend who never changes or lets you down.” For whatever reason, teddies appeal to both children and adults of all ages.毛茸茸的玩具可以有多种形式——动物、奇怪的形状或只是一块填充材料。但尤其是泰迪熊似乎具有持久的吸引力——它给我们一种怀旧的感觉，让我们想起我们年轻的日子。历史学家大卫·卡纳丁 (David Cannadine) 为 BBC 撰文说：“也许熊代表了童年朋友的快乐安全感，他们永远不会改变或让您失望。”无论出于何种原因，泰迪熊对所有年龄段的儿童和成人都具有吸引力。The teddy bear is much celebrated these days, and they’ve become something that we don’t just grow up with – people buy them as adults too. There are shops which sell only teddy bears, there are teddy bear museums in many countries, and teddy bear festivals regularly take place around the world.泰迪熊现在非常受欢迎，它们已经成为我们长大的东西——人们也会在成人时购买它们。有些商店只卖泰迪熊，许多国家都有泰迪熊博物馆，世界各地定期举办泰迪熊节。While our soft toys offer us a kind of comfort blanket, some experts say it’s nothing to be ashamed of. It’s sometimes good to let go of the constraints of adult life and be a big kid again. And research commissioned by Barclaycard in the UK found 44% of adults have purchased playthings they enjoyed as children because they bring back happy memories. Colouring books, cuddly toys and board games were top of the list. So, if you’re still keeping your teddy a secret, don’t worry – you’re not alone!虽然我们的毛绒玩具为我们提供了一种舒适的毯子，但一些专家表示这没什么好羞耻的。放开成年生活的束缚，重新成为一个大孩子，有时是件好事。英国 Barclaycard 委托进行的研究发现，44% 的成年人购买了他们小时候喜欢的玩具，因为它们能唤起快乐的回忆。涂色书、可爱的玩具和棋盘游戏位居榜首。所以，如果你仍然对你的泰迪熊保密，别担心——你并不孤单！词汇表childhood 童年teddy bear 泰迪熊ragged 用旧、磨损的，破烂的comfort 宽慰，慰藉companion 伙伴，同伴childish 孩子般的，幼稚的furry 毛茸茸的grown-up 大人cuddly toy 毛绒玩具stuffed 填满的，有填充物的enduring appeal 经久不衰的吸引力nostalgic 怀旧的security 安全保障celebrated 有名的，闻名的soft toy 毛绒玩具comfort blanket （给婴儿、孩子用的）安心毯，这里比喻精神安慰big kid 大小孩，大孩子plaything 玩具，玩物colouring book 填色书board game （尤指棋盘类）桌上游戏

How bored are you? Having nothing to do, or doing the same task again and again, can certainly be demotivating. And if boredom persists, you can lose your lust for life, and it can even affect your mental health. But does being bored have to be boring?你有多无聊？无事可做，或者一次又一次地做同样的事情，肯定会让人失去动力。如果无聊持续存在，您可能会失去对生活的渴望，甚至会影响您的心理健康。但是无聊就一定是无聊的吗？A lack of stimulation can lead to boredom – this is when we start to yawn and our mind wanders. It can happen at home or at school, but it’s at work where some experts think being chronically bored can have damaging consequences. This situation has been termed ‘boreout’ and is the opposite of ‘burnout’. Writing for BBC Worklife, Bryan Lufkin says this happens “when we are bored by our work to the point that we feel it is totally meaningless. Our job seems pointless, our tasks devoid of value.” It can be caused by working in a demoralising physical environment or feeling under-challenged. Studies show depression from boreout can affect workers outside the office and lead to physical ailments from insomnia to headaches. But Bryan adds that “being able to identify it in us, is critical for tackling it.”缺乏刺激会导致无聊——这就是我们开始打哈欠和走神的时候。它可能发生在家里或学校，但一些专家认为长期无聊会在工作中产生破坏性后果。这种情况被称为“boreout”，与“burnout”相反。 Bryan Lufkin 为 BBC Worklife 撰文说，“当我们对工作感到厌倦，以至于我们觉得它完全没有意义时，就会发生这种情况。我们的工作似乎毫无意义，我们的任务毫无价值。”这可能是由于在令人沮丧的物理环境中工作或感觉挑战不足造成的。研究表明，无聊导致的抑郁会影响办公室外的员工，并导致从失眠到头痛的身体疾病。但布莱恩补充说，“能够在我们身上识别它，对于解决它至关重要。”When it becomes mind-numbing and extreme, some people joke about ‘dying of boredom’. According to Luis Villazon, writing for the Science Focus website, boredom is just a state of mind which won’t kill you, though it can depress the immune system in some people. He says “The greatest risk from boredom stems from the things you do to combat it. People who are easily bored are more likely to engage in dangerous sports [...]”, for example. But some experts say boredom is a natural thing and it should be seen in a more positive light. If we see it as an opportunity, it could ignite our creativity. And if our boredom is at work, it could force us to engage with mentors, career counsellors or even our bosses. And Lotta Harju from EM Lyon Business School told the BBC, “boreout can mark a transition into something else: a different career entirely, or a different role in the organisation. If people only take its cue.”当它变得麻木和极端时，有人开玩笑说“无聊死了”。根据 Luis Villazon 为 Science Focus 网站撰稿的说法，无聊只是一种不会杀死你的精神状态，尽管它会抑制某些人的免疫系统。他说：“无聊带来的最大风险来自于你为对抗它所做的事情。例如，容易感到无聊的人更有可能从事危险的运动 [...]”。但一些专家表示，无聊是一种自然现象，应该从更积极的角度来看待它。如果我们将其视为一个机会，它可以激发我们的创造力。如果我们的无聊在工作中起作用，它可能会迫使我们与导师、职业顾问甚至我们的老板打交道。 EM 里昂商学院的 Lotta Harju 告诉 BBC，“boreout 可以标志着向其他事物的转变：完全不同的职业，或者组织中的不同角色。如果人们只接受它的提示。”词汇表bored （感觉）无聊的demotivating 失去积极性，令人泄气boredom 厌烦，无聊lust for life 对生活的热爱boring 乏味的，无聊的stimulation 刺激，激励yawn 打哈欠wander 走神chronically 长期地，慢性地boreout 闷得发慌，极度无聊burnout 劳累过度meaningless 无意义的，没有价值的pointless 不值得做的，白搭的demoralising 令人丧气的under-challenged 缺乏挑战性insomnia 失眠mind-numbing 非常枯燥乏味的dying of boredom “无聊得要死”state of mind 心境，心态immune system 免疫系统transition 过渡，转变

Who do you count as your friends? From our BFF to a work mate, it’s good to have someone to chew the fat with or offer comfort and support. But when it comes to friendship, is it more important to have quantity or quality?你认为谁是你的朋友？从我们的 BFF 到工作伙伴，有人一起咀嚼脂肪或提供安慰和支持是件好事。但是说到友谊，是数量重要还是质量重要？The recent isolation we have endured due to the coronavirus pandemic has made some of us question our friendships. We’ve fallen out of touch with friends and acquaintances, and it may feel awkward, but do we actually have to rekindle every relationship we once had? It might be time to take stock and think about who you kept in touch with, who you missed talking to, and who you didn’t. In short, maybe it’s time to reset your list of real mates.由于冠状病毒大流行，我们最近所忍受的孤立让我们中的一些人质疑我们的友谊。我们已经与朋友和熟人失去联系，这可能会让人感到尴尬，但我们真的必须重新点燃我们曾经拥有的每一种关系吗？可能是时候盘点一下，想想你和谁保持联系，你错过了和谁交谈，以及你没有和谁交谈。简而言之，也许是时候重新设置您的真正朋友名单了。There’s no obligation to stay friends, and writing for BBC Worklife, Bryan Lufkin says: “While people have known for years that friendships are unquestionably good for your health, experts say it’s only natural for acquaintances and even friends to fall by the wayside as time goes on – and it’s nothing to feel guilty about.”没有义务保持朋友关系，Bryan Lufkin 为 BBC Worklife 撰稿说：“虽然多年来人们都知道友谊无疑对您的健康有益，但专家表示，熟人甚至朋友随着时间的推移会自然而然地放弃继续——这没什么好内疚的。”Of course, it can be hard to choose who’s in your friendship circle. This is what Suzanne Degges-White, professor of counselling at Northern Illinois University, calls our ‘friendscape’. She says, “in life, as we go through certain stages and ages, our attention shifts, and we want to be around people who are like us.”当然，很难选择朋友圈里的人。这就是北伊利诺伊大学咨询学教授 Suzanne Degges-White 所说的我们的“朋友圈”。她说，“在生活中，当我们经历某些阶段和年龄时，我们的注意力会发生变化，我们希望和和我们一样的人在一起。”So, changing friends is normal, but we still need those special pals who’ve known us long term. These are friendships we invest time in. According to Robin Dunbar, a professor of evolutionary psychology at the University of Oxford, these are your inner circle of friends – your “shoulders to cry on” – and you have to see them at least once a week to keep them in that circle. He adds that the friends that do drift are mostly “friendships of convenience”. But the advice for maintaining a good friendship is to share how you feel with someone you trust – this can help strengthen your friendship as well as giving you both a chance to support each other.所以，换朋友很正常，但我们仍然需要那些认识我们很久的特别的朋友。这些是我们投入时间建立的友谊。牛津大学进化心理学教授罗宾·邓巴 (Robin Dunbar) 表示，这些是你内心的朋友圈——你的“哭泣的肩膀”——你必须至少与他们见面一次一周让他们留在那个圈子里。他补充说，随波逐流的朋友大多是“权宜之交”。但维持良好友谊的建议是与您信任的人分享您的感受——这有助于加强你们的友谊，并让你们有机会互相支持。词汇表BFF (best friend forever) 最好的朋友work mate 同事，工友chew the fat 闲聊comfort 安慰friendship 友谊out of touch 不常联系，疏远acquaintance 泛泛之交，相识的人rekindle 重新燃起（一段关系、感情）relationship 关系take stock 反思，仔细考虑mate 伙伴，朋友fall by the wayside 中途放弃，不再熟络friendship circle 交友圈friendscape 朋友圈pal 好友inner circle 核心（朋友）圈a shoulder to cry on 可以倾诉的对象drift 渐渐疏远friendship of convenience 由于便利而结成的友谊strengthen 增强，巩固

Sometimes life doesn’t seem to play fair. It blindsides you at the most inopportune moments, and even if we can learn to grin and bear the ups and downs, they can take their toll on our psyche. So rather than suffer in silence or let these things get you down, maybe there is another way: what if humour can help you get through the dark times?有时生活似乎并不公平。它在最不合时宜的时刻让你措手不及，即使我们能够学会微笑并承受起起落落，它们也会对我们的心灵造成伤害。因此，与其默默忍受或让这些事情让你沮丧，也许还有另一种方式：如果幽默可以帮助你度过黑暗时期呢？According to author and clinician Kristen Lee: “Laughter and tears are both therapeutic – we need both to process such hard times.” But how can we find the tough things that happen funny? Our lives are really serious, often filled with mundane and repetitive activities, whether it’s arbitrary bill paying or fighting for a seat on your commute, we need to make time for fun and play – enjoy the little things. Why not make funny noises to remind you to stop taking things seriously, or learn some silly jokes, just to tell when times get hard? They could make you or other people around you laugh!作者兼临床医生克里斯汀·李 (Kristen Lee) 表示：“笑声和眼泪都有治疗作用——我们需要两者共同应对如此艰难的时刻。”但是我们怎样才能发现发生的艰难事情有趣呢？我们的生活真的很严肃，经常充满平凡和重复的活动，无论是随意支付账单还是在上下班途中争抢座位，我们都需要腾出时间来娱乐和玩耍——享受这些小事。为什么不发出有趣的声音来提醒您不要把事情当回事，或者学一些愚蠢的笑话，只是在困难时期告诉您呢？它们可以让您或您周围的其他人发笑！When a hurdle pops up in life, it’s easy to get bogged down – but the way we recount events can impact on our resilience. Rather than see the negatives, look for the ironic moments and tell people about them! Why not write parodies in your spare time about events that take place to help you compartmentalise? Script what happened as if it was happening to a character rather than yourself.当生活中突然出现障碍时，很容易陷入困境——但我们重述事件的方式会影响我们的韧性。与其看到消极的一面，不如寻找具有讽刺意味的时刻并告诉人们！为什么不在业余时间写一些关于发生的事件的模仿来帮助你区分呢？把发生的事情写成脚本，就好像它发生在一个角色身上而不是你自己身上一样。We all know that some things in life aren’t fair. But take those events and send them up a bit in your scripts! Sometimes life needs a bit of a roasting to get your thoughts in order, and embracing your comedic side, seeing life’s difficult moments as obstacles that can be made fun of rather than overwhelm you, may help you get through them more easily. And who knows, you may just discover a talent for writing at the end of it.我们都知道生活中有些事情是不公平的。但是，将这些事件发送到您的脚本中！有时，生活需要一些磨练，让你的思绪井井有条，拥抱你喜剧的一面，将生活中的困难时刻视为可以取笑而不是压倒你的障碍，可能会帮助你更轻松地度过难关。谁知道呢，你可能会在它结束时发现写作的天赋。词汇表play fair 公平待人blindside 攻其不备inopportune 不合时宜，不是时候grin and bear 咬牙忍受ups and downs 曲折，起伏psyche 精神状态，心灵suffer in silence 默默忍受get someone down 使某人沮丧get through 渡过（难关）tough 困难的mundane 单调乏味的hurdle 难题，难关get bogged down 陷于困境的，停滞不前的ironic 令人啼笑皆非的，有讽刺意味的parody 戏仿作品compartmentalise 划分成不同部分send something up 调侃某事roast 吐槽，开玩笑embrace 欣然接受make fun of 取笑，拿…开玩笑

There’s one thing for certain – we’re all getting older. And while the older amongst us may be no spring chickens any more, growing old gracefully is no bad thing. And with age comes wisdom. However, as the world population ages, will there be enough people to replace our younger selves?有一件事是肯定的——我们都在变老。虽然我们当中的老年人可能不再是春鸡，但优雅地变老并不是一件坏事。随着年龄的增长，智慧也随之而来。然而，随着世界人口老龄化，会有足够的人来取代我们年轻的自己吗？A situation where there are more old people than young certainly has an effect on the world. A report by the Pew Research Center says that globally the number of people over 65 years old will triple by 2050, drastically altering some countries’ demographic make-up.老年人多于年轻人的情况肯定会对世界产生影响。皮尤研究中心的一份报告称，到 2050 年，全球 65 岁以上的人口数量将增加两倍，从而彻底改变一些国家的人口构成。This growing and dependent population means that there is an increased demand for health and social care. Governments will struggle to provide satisfactory pensions, which are ultimately funded by taxes paid by the working population. And long-term, a smaller population of economically-active people may be a problem for companies trying to recruit staff.这种不断增长和受抚养的人口意味着对健康和社会护理的需求增加。政府将难以提供令人满意的养老金，而养老金最终是由劳动人口缴纳的税款资助的。从长远来看，较少的从事经济活动的人口对于试图招聘员工的公司来说可能是一个问题。Attitudes to an ageing population vary around the world. The Pew Research Center survey found that 87% of Japanese people were most concerned about it, while only 26% of people from the USA were. Here, immigration is helping to boost the younger workforce. Some countries thought the elderly should take care of themselves, while others thought it was the responsibility of the family. Many thought the government should be responsible.世界各地对人口老龄化的态度各不相同。皮尤研究中心的调查发现，87%的日本人对此最为关注，而只有26%的美国人对此表示关注。在这里，移民有助于提振年轻劳动力。一些国家认为老年人应该照顾好自己，而另一些国家则认为这是家庭的责任。许多人认为政府应该对此负责。But old age shouldn’t just be seen negatively. Elderly people have knowledge and experience they can pass on. Some have wealth which they can spend, helping the economy. And some help society by doing voluntary or charity work. Of course, solutions are needed to tackle the issue, and these include increasing the retirement age, encouraging people to save for the future, persuading skilled and educated migrants to fill labour shortages, or even convincing people to have more children.但老年不应该仅仅被消极看待。老年人拥有可以传授的知识和经验。有些人拥有可以花掉的财富，帮助经济发展。还有一些人通过做志愿或慈善工作来帮助社会。当然，解决这个问题需要解决方案，其中包括提高退休年龄、鼓励人们为未来储蓄、说服有技能和受过教育的移民来填补劳动力短缺，甚至说服人们生育更多孩子。词汇表no spring chicken 不再年轻gracefully 优雅地，体面地wisdom 智慧age 变老，老龄化demographic make-up 人口构成dependent 需要被赡养的，依赖他人生活的social care 社会护理服务pension 养老金working population 劳动人口ageing population 老龄化人口the elderly 老人，上了年纪的人old age 老龄，老年pass on 传授retirement age 退休年龄

It’s the middle of winter, and the prospect of warm sunny days is a long way off. For some of us, it’s the most depressing time of year, where daylight is limited and the weather is often miserable – this is when the winter blues set in. So what can be done to lift our spirits?现在是隆冬，距离温暖晴朗的日子还有很长的路要走。对于我们中的一些人来说，这是一年中最令人沮丧的时候，日光有限，天气通常很糟糕——这是冬季忧郁症开始的时候。那么我们可以做些什么来振奋精神呢？The shorter days and longer nights can make us feel down, and that can cause us to eat more and exercise less. Some fear loneliness and isolation during the long dark months. Those people who suffer this seasonal mood swing more seriously are described as having seasonal affective disorder – or SAD for short. It’s a type of depression with a seasonal pattern caused by a lack of light and is thought to affect the part of the brain that rules sleep, appetite, mood and activity levels.白天变短，夜晚变长会让我们情绪低落，这会导致我们吃得更多，运动更少。在漫长的黑暗月份里，有些人害怕孤独和孤立。那些更严重地遭受这种季节性情绪波动的人被描述为患有季节性情感障碍——或简称为 SAD。这是一种具有季节性模式的抑郁症，由光线不足引起，被认为会影响大脑中负责睡眠、食欲、情绪和活动水平的部分。Jenny Scott-Thompson is one person who was diagnosed with SAD. She told the BBC: “I struggled with periods of exhaustion and misery that seemed out of proportion to what was going on in my life.” She was prescribed light therapy, which involved sitting in front of a light box. As well as going outside during daylight hours, this is believed to help anyone who is affected by the winter gloom.珍妮·斯科特-汤普森 (Jenny Scott-Thompson) 是一名被诊断出患有 SAD 的人。她告诉 BBC：“我在疲惫和痛苦中挣扎，这似乎与我生活中发生的事情不成比例。”她接受了光疗，包括坐在灯箱前。除了在白天外出外，这被认为可以帮助任何受冬季阴霾影响的人。Although having more light is an obvious cure, antidepressants can help those with more severe depression by artificially elevating the amount of serotonin in the brain. But this isn’t suitable for everyone, and many of us can try to just alter our mindset. Clinical psychologist Laura Keyes says, “it can be helpful to think about how to adapt your eating and exercise patterns to the change of season, just as this happens in nature with plants and animals adapting.”虽然多点光照是一种明显的治疗方法，但抗抑郁药可以通过人为地提高大脑中血清素的含量来帮助那些患有更严重抑郁症的人。但这并不适合所有人，我们中的许多人都可以尝试改变我们的心态。临床心理学家劳拉·凯斯 (Laura Keyes) 说：“考虑一下如何使您的饮食和锻炼方式适应季节变化会很有帮助，就像植物和动物在自然界中发生适应一样。”It might sound easier said than done, but accepting winter and thinking positively may energise us. Writing for the BBC Social website, Esther De La Ford asks “What if we explored what this phase of winter has to offer us, instead of grieving those things that it is taking away?” She suggests we use this time for rest, reflection, slowing down, stillness and renewal. Maybe this might stop us longing for summer?说起来容易做起来难，但接受冬天并积极思考可能会让我们充满活力。 Esther De La Ford 为 BBC 社交网站撰稿问道：“如果我们探索冬季的这个阶段必须为我们提供什么，而不是悲伤那些它正在带走的东西，会怎样？”她建议我们利用这段时间来休息、反思、放慢脚步、静止和恢复活力。也许这可以阻止我们对夏天的渴望？词汇表depressing 令人消沉的，压抑的the winter blues 冬季忧郁lift someone’s spirits 提高兴致，振奋精神down 情绪低落的loneliness 孤独mood swing 情绪波动seasonal affective disorder 季节性情绪失调，俗称 “冬季忧郁症”depression 抑郁症diagnosed 被诊断exhaustion 筋疲力尽light therapy 光照疗法antidepressant 抗抑郁药serotonin 血清素mindset 心态，思维模式adapt 改变以适应变化easier said than done 说时容易做时难energise 使精力充沛grieve 伤心，难过

What’s your favourite genre of film? For many people who love being petrified, or scared out of their wits, by jump scares that answer will be horror. Whether it’s splatter films, wastelands in the apocalypse, monsters like demons, zombies, vampires, werewolves or phantoms, there’s something to suit everyone’s taste. But just why do people enjoy watching these terrifying films?你最喜欢的电影类型是什么？对于许多喜欢被吓呆或吓得魂飞魄散的人来说，跳跃恐慌的答案将是恐怖的。无论是泼溅片、末世荒原，还是恶魔、僵尸、吸血鬼、狼人、幻影等怪物，总有一款适合你。但是，为什么人们喜欢看这些恐怖电影呢？First off, being scared can give us a rush of adrenaline. The heart starts pumping, making these films exhilarating. But the fact you’re actually at home safe on the sofa makes the experience of being frightened all the more enjoyable because what’s happening to the characters on the screen is far removed from your experience of being in your living room eating popcorn. It feels more thrilling.首先，害怕会让我们肾上腺素激增。心脏开始跳动，使这些电影令人振奋。但事实上你实际上是在家里安全地坐在沙发上，这让害怕的体验变得更加愉快，因为屏幕上的角色发生的事情与你在客厅吃爆米花的体验相去甚远。感觉更刺激。Coltan Scrivner, a PhD candidate in the Department of Comparative Human Development at The University of Chicago, argues that people who watch horror films learn how to regulate their anxiety. A study that he co-authored found that horror fans exhibited greater resilience during the early stages on the Covid-19 pandemic than those who didn’t.芝加哥大学比较人类发展系的博士候选人 Coltan Scrivner 认为，观看恐怖片的人学会了如何调节他们的焦虑。他与人合着的一项研究发现，恐怖迷在 Covid-19 大流行的早期阶段表现出比没有恐怖迷的人更大的韧性。Also, some horror fans think they could survive the events on screen. That gives those viewers a sense of superiority. We often mock the typical tropes of horror films. Why do they try to escape the masked killer by running upstairs and confining themselves? The characters often make terrible decisions that lead to their deaths – decisions we as viewers believe we wouldn’t make.此外，一些恐怖粉丝认为他们可以在屏幕上的事件中幸存下来。这给那些观众一种优越感。我们经常嘲笑恐怖片的典型比喻。他们为什么要跑上楼把自己关起来以逃避蒙面杀手？角色经常做出导致他们死亡的可怕决定——我们作为观众认为我们不会做出的决定。So, whether it’s to help people regulate their anxiety, be thrilled by getting scared, or to feel superior mocking the decisions of the characters, there are many reasons people love watching horror films – and if they really scare you, maybe it’s best to watch them with the lights on.所以，无论是为了帮助人们调节焦虑、在害怕时感到兴奋，还是在嘲笑角色的决定时感到优越，人们喜欢看恐怖片的原因有很多——如果他们真的吓到你，也许最好看他们开着灯。词汇表petrified 吓呆了scared out of one’s wits 吓得 “魂飞魄散”jump scare （影视、电子游戏中的）猛然一吓，吓一大跳wasteland 不毛之地，荒地apocalypse 世界末日monster 怪物demon 魔鬼zombie 僵尸vampire 吸血鬼werewolf 狼人phantom 幽灵terrifying 吓人的rush of adrenaline 肾上腺素激增exhilarating 令人兴致高涨的，激动人心的frightened 害怕的thrilling 惊心动魄的trope （艺术作品中的）典型形象、主题masked 蒙面的

We are all aware of the effect greenhouse gas emissions is having on our planet and the efforts needed to tackle climate change. Most of us are doing our bit to minimise our impact on the environment, but despite our collective effort, are we doing enough to achieve net zero by 2050?我们都知道温室气体排放对我们星球的影响以及应对气候变化所需的努力。我们大多数人都在尽自己的一份力量来尽量减少我们对环境的影响，但尽管我们共同努力，我们是否正在为到 2050 年实现净零排放做足够的事情？Net zero means not adding to the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Many countries are doing their bit by changing how they generate and use power, thereby cutting carbon dioxide output. And they announced what further steps they were going to take at the recent COP26 summit in Glasgow.净零意味着不增加大气中的温室气体量。许多国家正在通过改变他们生产和使用电力的方式来尽自己的一份力量，从而减少二氧化碳的排放。他们在最近于格拉斯哥举行的 COP26 峰会上宣布了将采取的进一步措施。In the UK, the government has been setting out its plans to achieve net zero by 2050. It’s recently announced an end date for the sale of gas boilers, which are used for heating homes. The idea is to replace them with heat pumps. It’s offering homeowners grants of up to £5,000 to get them installed. Another initiative in the UK is a big push towards electric vehicles. There are to be financial incentives for car manufacturers, and more charging points are to be installed in streets. And there’s to be a ban on the sale of new petrol and diesel cars by 2030.在英国，政府一直在制定到 2050 年实现净零排放的计划。最近宣布了用于家庭取暖的燃气锅炉的销售截止日期。这个想法是用热泵代替它们。它为房主提供高达 5,000 英镑的安装补助金。英国的另一项举措是大力推动电动汽车。将为汽车制造商提供财政激励，并在街道上安装更多充电点。到 2030 年将禁止销售新的汽油和柴油汽车。But not all emissions can be reduced to zero, so those remaining will have to be compensated for, or offset. One way to do this is to plant thousands of trees, which are good at absorbing carbon dioxide. The UK government has pledged to plant 30,000 hectares of trees a year by 2025. There are other ideas too, but what’s certain is this will cost money. The CBI’s Tom Thackray told the BBC that “those costs have to be weighed up against the cost of inaction.”但并非所有排放都可以减少到零，因此必须对剩余的排放进行补偿或抵消。一种方法是种植数千棵擅长吸收二氧化碳的树木。英国政府已承诺到 2025 年每年种植 30,000 公顷树木。还有其他想法，但可以肯定的是，这需要花钱。 CBI 的 Tom Thackray 告诉 BBC，“必须权衡这些成本与不作为的成本。”Whether the UK, or anyone else, reaches net zero remains to be seen. And there’s some doubt about how this can be accurately measured anyway. But it’s generally recognised that a global effort is needed to tackle climate change. Therefore, net zero targets only make sense if every other country is moving in the same direction.英国或其他任何国家是否达到净零排放还有待观察。无论如何，如何准确测量这一点存在一些疑问。但人们普遍认为，应对气候变化需要全球努力。因此，净零目标只有在所有其他国家都朝着同一方向前进时才有意义。词汇表emission 排放climate change 气候变化do one’s bit 尽一份力net zero “净零排放”（温室气体净排放为零）greenhouse gas 温室气体carbon dioxide 二氧化碳gas boiler 燃气锅炉heat pump 热泵electric vehicle 电动车辆，电动汽车incentive 鼓励，激励offset 抵消inaction 不作为，不行动global effort 全球携手努力target 目标

Do you like to bury your head in a good book? Getting absorbed in a good story is a great way to relax. It improves your literacy, and, according to some experts, it’s good for your health as well. Studies show that it can increase our emotional intelligence as we understand a range of perspectives and motivations. But despite these benefits, does the way we consume a story make any difference?你喜欢埋头读一本好书吗？沉浸在一个好故事中是放松的好方法。它可以提高你的识字能力，而且据一些专家称，它对你的健康也有好处。研究表明，当我们了解一系列观点和动机时，它可以提高我们的情商。但是尽管有这些好处，我们消费故事的方式有什么不同吗？For the purist, the only way to digest a good story is with a paperback or hardback book. Being in print, it’s possible to feel and even smell the book. And of course it’s very portable. But the traditional book has had a rival in recent years from e-books, which are read on e-readers or tablets. An ‘electronic’ book enables you to store hundreds of virtual books in one place and allows you to download books directly.对于纯粹主义者来说，消化好故事的唯一方法是阅读平装书或精装书。由于是印刷品，因此可以感觉到甚至闻到这本书。当然，它非常便携。但近年来，传统书籍有了来自电子书的竞争对手，电子书可以在电子阅读器或平板电脑上阅读。一本“电子”书使您可以在一个地方存储数百本虚拟书籍，并允许您直接下载书籍。The e-book has become popular in schools, too, and according to one school in London, it’s encouraged more children to read. 11-year-old Summit told the BBC: “If you really want a book, you can just get it online. It’s so easy, and it’s made me read more. I probably read every day now.” For adults, e-books are certainly a lightweight way of accessing our favourite literature on the move.电子书在学校也很流行，据伦敦的一所学校称，它鼓励更多的孩子阅读。 11 岁的 Summit 告诉 BBC：“如果你真的想要一本书，你可以在网上买到。这很容易，它让我阅读更多。我现在可能每天都在读书。”对于成年人来说，电子书无疑是一种在移动中访问我们喜爱的文学作品的轻量级方式。The recent lockdowns due to the coronavirus pandemic have certainly given us all time to read more, and in the UK at least, sales of physical books have risen strongly. Last year, some 202 million paperbacks and hardbacks were sold, and the publishing industry hopes this trend will continue now that people have got into the habit of reading more.最近由于冠状病毒大流行而导致的封锁无疑让我们有时间阅读更多内容，至少在英国，实体书的销量强劲增长。去年，大约售出了 2.02 亿本平装本和精装本，出版业希望这种趋势能够持续下去，因为人们已经养成了更多阅读的习惯。But for those who can’t or don’t want to look at the text in a book, there are audiobooks to listen to. According to Clare Thorpe, writing for the BBC Culture website: “There are hugely ambitious productions using ensemble casts, specially created soundscapes and technological advances… some authors are even skipping print and writing exclusive audio content.” No matter what your reading preference, there’s no doubt we are spoilt for choice in how we access a good story.但对于那些不能或不想看书的人来说，可以听有声读物。根据克莱尔·索普 (Clare Thorpe) 为 BBC 文化网站撰稿的说法：“有雄心勃勃的作品使用合奏演员、特别创作的音景和技术进步……一些作者甚至跳过印刷品并编写独家音频内容。”无论您的阅读偏好如何，毫无疑问，我们在阅读好故事方面的选择太多了。词汇表bury one's head in 埋头于literacy 读写能力emotional intelligence 情商motivation 动机purist 讲究规范的人，主张正统的人digest 吸收，理解paperback 平装书hardback 精装书in print 印刷的e-book 电子书e-reader 电子书阅读器literature 文学作品publishing 出版text 文字audiobook 有声书soundscape 声景spoilt for choice 因选择太多而无从下手

It’s difficult not to admire the talent of a skilled musician. Whether it be a pianist, flautist or cellist, these individuals have shown dedication and passion over a long period of time to reach the highest levels of performance. But they say it’s never too late to learn. So what are the benefits, for both children and adults, in learning a musical instrument?很难不钦佩一位技艺高超的音乐家的才华。无论是钢琴家、长笛演奏家还是大提琴演奏家，这些人在很长一段时间内都表现出了奉献精神和热情，以达到最高水平的表演。但他们说学习永远不会太晚。那么学习乐器对儿童和成人有什么好处呢？Learning to play a musical instrument when growing up can improve hearing in adulthood. According to a study by Dr Nina Kraus, Professor of Neurobiology at Northwestern University in Illinois, US, children who played musical instruments were better at recognising different frequencies. This improved hearing skill carried over into later life with adults who had once played an instrument able to discern sounds of different pitches more easily. And it could also have some academic benefits too. A study conducted by the University of British Columbia found that students who engaged in music-related activities during grades 7-12 scored significantly higher in science, English and maths.长大后学习演奏乐器可以改善成年后的听力。根据美国伊利诺伊州西北大学神经生物学教授 Nina Kraus 博士的一项研究，演奏乐器的儿童更善于识别不同的频率。这种改进的听力技巧在曾经演奏过能够更容易辨别不同音高声音的乐器的成年人身上延续到了以后的生活中。它也可能有一些学术上的好处。不列颠哥伦比亚大学进行的一项研究发现，在 7-12 年级从事音乐相关活动的学生在科学、英语和数学方面的得分明显更高。And there are not just benefits to children. Whether you choose to play the piano, pick or strum a guitar or learn a drumbeat, you could end up joining a band or orchestra. This in turn could improve your social life, meeting other bandmates who are likeminded in their love of a good tune. Learning an instrument can also give you a sense of achievement. Nailing that perfect chord is one way, but what if you got together with a bunch of friends and entered into a battle of the bands – and won?不仅对儿童有好处。无论您选择弹钢琴、弹奏或弹奏吉他，还是学习打鼓，您最终都可能加入乐队或管弦乐队。这反过来可以改善您的社交生活，结识其他志同道合的好曲子爱好者。学习一门乐器也能让你有成就感。掌握完美的和弦是一种方式，但如果您与一群朋友聚在一起并参加乐队之战并获胜怎么办？So, whether you’re looking to destress playing out some chords, or improve your grades at school, maybe taking up an instrument could help you.因此，无论您是想减轻弹奏和弦的压力，还是想提高您在学校的成绩，学习乐器都可能对您有所帮助。词汇表pianist 钢琴家flautist 长笛手cellist 大提琴手dedication 专注，投入passion 热情frequency 频率pitch 音高pick 弹拨strum 扫拨guitar 吉他drumbeat 鼓点band 乐队orchestra 管弦乐队bandmate 乐队中的队友tune 曲子nail 成功地做chord 和弦battle of the bands “乐队大赛”（指表演选出最优秀乐队的比赛）

Weddings are expensive affairs – there’s nothing new or surprising in that statement. When we talk about the costs of a wedding, we often think about the financial toll on the person paying for it. The outlay on tiered cakes, the dress with a long train, appliques and veil, and canapes at the reception can all add up. But what about the guests? The cost to your friends and family to attend.婚礼是昂贵的事情——这句话没有什么新鲜或令人惊讶的。当我们谈论婚礼的费用时，我们通常会想到支付费用的人的经济损失。分层蛋糕、长裙裾、贴花和面纱以及招待会上的开胃小菜的支出都可以加起来。但是客人呢？您的朋友和家人参加的费用。The first thing to think about when attending is the price of getting there. Even just a few hundred miles from where you live can bring some expenses – be it transport or staying in a hotel. But some people like to tie the knot in exotic locations, thinking it will make their special day even more special – on a beach in front of palm trees rather than somewhere closer to home. Going to far-flung corners of the Earth to watch the event can really be a dealbreaker for some when deciding if they can make it.参加时首先要考虑的是到达那里的价格。即使离你住的地方只有几百英里，也会带来一些费用——无论是交通还是住在酒店。但有些人喜欢在异国情调的地方结婚，认为这会让他们的特殊日子更加特别——在棕榈树前的海滩上，而不是在离家更近的地方。在决定是否能成功时，去地球的偏远角落观看赛事对于某些人来说确实是一个交易破坏者。Then there is the gift. What do you give a person on their wedding day? In some cultures, asking for money isn’t the done thing. Sometimes the bride and groom may issue a list of items they want to receive that you have to pick from. But what do you buy? And if it’s money, how much do you give them? How much is too much? These are questions all attendees face – give too little and you may cause offence, too much and you may be out of pocket. And of course, you don’t want to be outdone by a friend giving more than you.然后是礼物。你在婚礼当天给一个人什么？在某些文化中，要钱不是完成的事情。有时，新娘和新郎可能会发布一份他们想要收到的物品清单，您必须从中挑选。但是你买什么？如果是钱，你给他们多少钱？多少是太多了？这些是所有与会者都面临的问题——给得太少，你可能会冒犯，太多，你可能会赔钱。当然，你不希望朋友比你付出更多。Finally, the last thing you want to feel when going to a wedding is regret about the amount you’ve spent. If you give a good gift and spend a lot on getting there, and the event isn’t great, or the food at the reception isn’t perfect, you might feel a little resentment. Therefore, only give what you can afford to give. Weddings can be expensive for everyone concerned. But people often overlook the cost for guests. In the end, though, that special day is supposed to be a celebration of love above anything else.最后，在参加婚礼时，你最不想感受到的就是对自己花费的金额感到后悔。如果你送了一份好礼物，花了很多钱去那里，但活动不太好，或者招待会的食物不完美，你可能会感到有点不满。因此，只给予你能负担得起的。婚礼对每个人来说都是昂贵的。但人们往往忽略了客人的成本。不过，最后，那个特殊的日子应该是对爱高于一切的庆祝。词汇表affair 活动，经历toll 损失，代价outlay 开支tiered 多层的train 裙摆applique 贴花veil 面纱canape （聚会上提供的）开胃饼reception 婚礼招待会，婚宴tie the knot 喜结良缘（结婚）far-flung 遥远的dealbreaker 不做某事的决定因素the done thing 礼节，礼貌bride 新娘groom 新郎attendee 宴席嘉宾out of pocket 亏钱的，白花钱的not to be outdone 不甘示弱，不甘落后

How is your memory? Remembering things is an important function of our brain – if we can’t recall how to do something, we can’t survive. If you think about it, there is so much we have to remember – from where we left our car keys to how we walk. Maybe it’s no surprise that sometimes we are forgetful.你的记忆力如何？记住事情是我们大脑的一项重要功能——如果我们不记得如何做某事，我们就无法生存。如果你仔细想想，我们必须记住的东西太多了——从我们把车钥匙放在哪里，到我们走路的方式。也许我们有时健忘也就不足为奇了。Memory allows the brain to store and retrieve information when required. Our short-term memory can hold a small amount of information for a short time, while our long-term memory can hold an unlimited amount of information for a long time. Our memory is amazing, but why do we still forget things?记忆允许大脑在需要时存储和检索信息。我们的短期记忆可以在短时间内保存少量信息，而我们的长期记忆可以长时间保存无限量的信息。我们的记忆力是惊人的，但为什么我们还是会忘记事情呢？It’s possible we don’t always store information in our memory effectively, maybe because we are in a rush or we consider it irrelevant at the time. When we do store information, we often make connections with other things, which helps us recall it later. If you don’t have these connections, then it can be easier to forget. Writing for the BBC’s Science Focus magazine, Luis Villazon says “It is also possible that memories decay over time. As they have not been revisited, their biological ‘trace’ becomes weak.” It’s true that if you don’t perform a task for a long period of time, it can be difficult to recall how to do it. This could be because, just like in a computer, our memory is full, or that our short-term memory is easier to access.有可能我们并不总是有效地将信息存储在我们的记忆中，可能是因为我们很匆忙，或者我们当时认为它无关紧要。当我们确实存储信息时，我们经常与其他事物建立联系，这有助于我们以后回忆它。如果您没有这些联系，则可能更容易忘记。为 BBC 的 Science Focus 杂志撰稿的 Luis Villazon 说：“记忆也有可能随着时间的推移而衰退。由于它们没有被重新访问，它们的生物‘痕迹’变得微弱。”确实，如果您长时间不执行某项任务，则可能很难回忆起如何执行该任务。这可能是因为，就像在计算机中一样，我们的记忆已满，或者我们的短期记忆更容易访问。But sometimes even our short-term memory can let us down. Have you ever gone into a room to fetch something only to forget what you wanted when you got there? This is called ‘The Doorway Effect’. Writing for the BBC Future website, psychologist Tom Stafford explains that this “occurs because we change both the physical and mental environments, moving to a different room and thinking about different things.” Put simply, we are metaphorically trying to spin too many plates at the same time.、但有时即使是我们的短期记忆也会让我们失望。你有没有进过一个房间去取东西，到了那里却忘记了你想要什么？这被称为“门口效应”。心理学家汤姆斯塔福德为 BBC Future 网站撰文解释说，“这是因为我们改变了身体和心理环境，搬到不同的房间并思考不同的事情。”简而言之，我们隐喻地试图同时旋转太多的盘子。So, if you have a mind like a sieve, it could be because you have too much on your mind. But we do need to keep our memory sharp by continually using it, especially as beyond our 50s our brains tend to shrink in volume and our memory begins to decline. That’s when we’re at more risk of getting Alzheimer’s disease.所以，如果你的头脑像筛子一样，那可能是因为你的想法太多了。但是我们确实需要通过不断地使用它来保持我们的记忆力，特别是在我们 50 多岁之后，我们的大脑往往会缩小体积并且我们的记忆力开始下降。那时我们患阿尔茨海默病的风险更大。However, as Luis Villazon says, “Forgetting is not always a bad thing! It would waste cognitive resources if we remembered every detail of the world around us.” That’s something worth remembering!然而，正如 Luis Villazon 所说，“忘记并不总是一件坏事！如果我们记住周围世界的每一个细节，就会浪费认知资源。”这是值得记住的事情！词汇表recall 回想起forgetful 健忘的store 储存retrieve 找回short-term 短期的long-term 长期的effectively 有效地irrelevant 无关紧要的decay 减弱，衰退revisit 重新回想The Doorway Effect “门口效应”（指瞬间忘事的现象）physical 物质的mental 精神的，心理的spin too many plates 兼顾太多事情a mind like a sieve “记忆像滤网”，容易忘事，健忘on your mind 脑子里想着sharp 敏锐的，机敏的Alzheimer’s disease 阿尔茨海默病cognitive resources 认知资源

Shakespeare once wrote: ‘Neither a borrower nor a lender be; For loan oft loses both itself and friend’. It’s often paraphrased and used as a warning about the dangers of lending, and how you could risk a friendship through it. But why can lending money be so detrimental to our friendships?莎士比亚曾经写道：“既不是借款人，也不是贷款人；因为贷款经常会失去自己和朋友”。它经常被解释并用作关于借贷危险的警告，以及如何通过它来冒险建立友谊。但是，为什么借钱会对我们的友谊造成如此不利的影响呢？If our friend or family member comes to us for hard cash, it can be very difficult to turn them away. You feel under pressure to help. And if that money doesn’t come back, it can lead to fights or even legal battles. So how can we, as the lender, avoid these complications? According to Bradley T. Klontz, an expert in financial psychology, there are some steps you can take.如果我们的朋友或家人来找我们要现金，很难拒绝他们。你感到压力很大，需要提供帮助。如果这笔钱不回来，它可能会导致打架甚至法律纠纷。那么，作为贷方，我们如何才能避免这些并发症呢？根据金融心理学专家 Bradley T. Klontz 的说法，您可以采取一些步骤。Understanding why there is an inevitable risk to lending anything to a friend is the first thing. And it’s not just the risk of losing the money, but the friendship could also be in danger. This is because, psychologically speaking, the action of lending has changed the balance of power. The lender becomes superior, while the borrower may feel awkward with the new arrangement. Likewise, if you try to advise them on what to do with the money, it might make things difficult between you two. In other words, let go – and see it as their money.首先要了解为什么将任何东西借给朋友会不可避免地存在风险。这不仅是赔钱的风险，而且友谊也可能处于危险之中。这是因为，从心理上讲，借贷行为改变了力量平衡。贷方变得优越，而借方可能对新安排感到尴尬。同样，如果你试图建议他们如何处理这笔钱，这可能会让你们两个之间的关系变得困难。换句话说，放手——把它看作是他们的钱。And if you can’t afford to lend something, don’t. Saying ‘no’ is hard when a friend comes asking, but if you need that money, denying them is probably the safest course of action. If you still feel the need to lend, making a legally binding agreement and putting things down in writing could guarantee instalments or deadlines. But, some friends may not take too kindly to being asked to make it official – seeing it as a lack of trust.如果你付不起借钱，就不要借。当朋友来问时说“不”很难，但如果你需要这笔钱，拒绝他们可能是最安全的做法。如果您仍然觉得需要贷款，制定具有法律约束力的协议并以书面形式记录下来可以保证分期付款或期限。但是，有些朋友可能不太乐意被要求将其正式化——认为这是缺乏信任。Finally, for some, it’s best to just see the money as a gift and be pleasantly surprised if something comes back. And if you do want to preserve your friendship, when you need to borrow some money, perhaps a bank is a better option.最后，对于某些人来说，最好只是将钱视为礼物，如果有东西回来，会感到惊喜。如果您确实想保持友谊，当您需要借一些钱时，也许银行是更好的选择。词汇表borrower 借款人lender 放款人loan 借款lend 借出hard cash 现款，现金turn someone away 拒绝某人legal battle 官司inevitable 不可避免的superior （地位）更高的awkward 难堪的，尴尬的let go 放下（某事）legally binding 具有法律约束力的put something down in writing 付诸书面（文中指 “写欠条”）instalment （分期付款的）一期deadline 最后期限make something official 按正式程序办事borrow 借入

When did you last write a letter? Properly write one – by hand? In a digital world, where sending a text or email is far more convenient than using snail mail, is the writing on the wall for traditional pen and paper? Well, some people claim that writing still has many benefits, so maybe it’s not time to ditch your ballpoint or fountain pen yet.你上次写信是什么时候？正确地写一个 - 手写？在数字世界中，发送文本或电子邮件远比使用蜗牛邮件方便得多，传统的纸笔写在墙上是吗？好吧，有些人声称写作仍然有很多好处，所以也许现在还不是放弃你的圆珠笔或钢笔的时候。These days, when people request things in writing, a typed, electronic document will be accepted. Doing this on a computer means it could be saved, edited, duplicated and sent via email. But crafting a handwritten document is unique: It requires planning and thought, and, as well as practising your handwriting, it helps you to remember spelling and punctuation.如今，当人们以书面形式提出要求时，将接受打印的电子文档。在计算机上执行此操作意味着可以保存、编辑、复制和通过电子邮件发送。但是制作手写文档是独一无二的：它需要计划和思考，并且除了练习手写外，它还可以帮助您记住拼写和标点符号。Some experts believe your brain benefits from using old-fashioned pen and paper. This is particularly relevant for students, where typing notes into a laptop is thought to lack the ‘tactile feedback’ to the brain that contact between pen and paper does. BBC Worklife website quotes Hetty Roessingh from the University of Calgary, who says that “taking notes by hand involves cognitive engagement in summarising, paraphrasing, organising, concept and vocabulary mapping.” Others agree that handwriting may boost fine motor skills in your hands and fingers.一些专家认为，您的大脑受益于使用老式笔和纸。这对学生来说尤其重要，因为在笔记本电脑上输入笔记被认为缺乏笔和纸之间接触对大脑的“触觉反馈”。 BBC Worklife 网站引用卡尔加里大学的 Hetty Roessingh 的话，他说“手工记笔记涉及对总结、释义、组织、概念和词汇映射的认知参与。”其他人同意手写可以提高你的手和手指的精细运动技能。There are everyday benefits to using pen and paper too. Scribbling notes, shopping lists or messages on the back of an envelope can still be useful, quick and portable. But putting pen to paper in a letter to a friend or loved one can probably have the most impact. Pen pal writer Katherine Moller told the BBC: “In a world where it is so easy to hop online to email or to send a fast text, it is so personal and so precious to know someone chose to turn off the virtual world to spend some time with you.”使用笔和纸也有日常的好处。在信封背面涂鸦笔记、购物清单或信息仍然很有用、快速且便于携带。但是，在给朋友或亲人的信中用纸笔书写可能会产生最大的影响。笔友作家凯瑟琳·莫勒 (Katherine Moller) 告诉 BBC：“在一个很容易上网发送电子邮件或发送快速文本的世界里，知道有人选择关闭虚拟世界来花一些钱是非常私人和珍贵的。有时间陪你。”So, while digital skills remain important, don’t write off your pens and pencils yet – especially if your smartphone, tablet or laptop runs out of power!因此，尽管数字技能仍然很重要，但不要忘记你的钢笔和铅笔——尤其是当你的智能手机、平板电脑或笔记本电脑没电时！词汇表by hand 手写snail mail 传统信件（对应电子邮件）the writing (is) on the wall 不祥之兆pen and paper 笔与纸，纸笔ballpoint 圆珠笔fountain pen 钢笔in writing 以书面的形式craft 精心书写handwritten 手写的handwriting 习字，字迹type 打字take notes 记笔记cognitive engagement 认知参与paraphrase 改述motor skills 动作技能scribble 匆匆记下pen pal 笔友write off 使报废

We’ve all heard of IQ, and terms like EQ, which relates to your emotional intelligence, are commonly used. But have you heard of AQ? AQ stands for adversity quotient and measures your ability to deal with the ups and downs of life. Being able to handle these rough patches we all go through is not only important in our personal lives but in our professional lives too. So how can we learn to be more resilient?我们都听说过 IQ，而 EQ 等与您的情商相关的术语是常用的。但是你听说过AQ吗？AQ 代表逆境商，衡量你应对生活起起落落的能力。能够处理我们都经历过的这些艰难时期不仅在我们的个人生活中很重要，在我们的职业生活中也很重要。那么我们如何才能学会更有弹性呢？Adverse situations can take us by surprise and shock us. In the workplace, it could be in the form of redundancies, the company we work for going under or being restructured, or even missing out on a promotion. Failed friendships and relationships, financial hard times and even bereavements are things that can occur outside of work. AQ measures our ability to withstand the shocks when life throws curveballs at us – how likely we are to crumble or thrive in these situations. It can be used to predict our attitudes, perseverance, longevity, and the way we learn from changes in environment. In short, our resilience when there is a drastic change.不利的情况会让我们感到意外和震惊。在工作场所，可能是裁员、我们工作的公司倒闭或重组，甚至错过升职机会。失败的友谊和人际关系、经济困难时期甚至丧亲之痛都是工作之外可能发生的事情。AQ 衡量我们在生活向我们投掷曲线球时承受冲击的能力——我们在这些情况下崩溃或茁壮成长的可能性有多大。它可以用来预测我们的态度、毅力、寿命以及我们从环境变化中学习的方式。简而言之，当发生剧烈变化时，我们的应变能力。Luckily, there are some steps you can take to help you be more resilient and adaptable in the face of adversity, according to Dr Shahram Heshmat, professor of health economics at the University of Illinois. First, try and find a meaningful goal. Resilient people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome, seeing negative situations as a bump in the road on the way to achieving their goal. Learning to relax and regulate your emotions is another key step – one way to help you destress is by practising breathing exercises. Likewise, dwelling on things and letting them get to you can cause you to be stressed. See difficulties more as an opportunity to learn and grow emotionally. Finally, make sure you have a good social support network. Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help.幸运的是，伊利诺伊大学卫生经济学教授 Shahram Heshmat 博士表示，您可以采取一些措施来帮助您在逆境中更有韧性和适应能力。首先，尝试找到一个有意义的目标。有韧性的人通常有一个目标，并且能够更多地专注于期望的结果，将负面情况视为实现目标的道路上的颠簸。学习放松和调节情绪是另一个关键步骤——帮助你减压的一种方法是练习呼吸练习。同样，沉迷于事物并让它们接触到您也会使您感到压力。更多地将困难视为学习和情感成长的机会。最后，确保你有一个良好的社会支持网络。能够与某人谈论我们面临的挑战会有所帮助。Things happen in life we can’t prevent – and sometimes they aren’t pleasant. But, taking a few steps to be more resilient can make them a little easier to get through.生活中发生的事情我们无法阻止——有时它们并不令人愉快。但是，采取一些步骤来增强弹性可以使它们更容易通过。什么是 AQ？聊聊如何提高你的适应力词汇表adversity 逆境，不幸ups and downs 起起伏伏，波折handle 应对，处理rough patch 磕磕绊绊，困难时期take someone by surprise 使某人措手不及redundancy 裁员bereavement 亲友丧亡withstand 经受，承受curveball 突如其来的难题crumble 崩溃thrive 出色应对（困难）perseverance 坚持不懈longevity 此处指持续的时长drastic （变化）巨大的resilient 适应力强的adaptable 可适应变化的in the face of 面对（困难）仍…meaningful 有意义的a bump in the road 一次坎坷、挫折dwell on 念念不忘，耿耿于怀get to someone 使某人难受support network 提供支持的关系网络

You’ve studied hard, you’ve got the grades and now you’re off to university! This is the journey that many students are taking, but how prepared are they to leave home, stand on their own two feet and be self-sufficient? One study, carried out by the Higher Education Policy Institute and Unite Students in 2017, suggested that as well as being excited and nervous, many students are deeply ill-informed about what to expect.你努力学习了，你取得了成绩，现在你要去上大学了！这是许多学生正在经历的旅程，但他们准备好离开家，两脚站立并自给自足了吗？高等教育政策研究所和团结学生在 2017 年进行的一项研究表明，除了兴奋和紧张之外，许多学生对预期会发生什么知之甚少。Of course, flying the nest to go to university is the opportunity of a lifetime, but to make the most of it needs some preparation before you arrive. This means learning life skills such as cooking and cleaning. You’ll no longer be able to rely on Mum and Dad to feed you or clear up after you, so try to learn how to make some staple dishes that are quick and easy to prepare. Graduate Peter Rogers told the BBC: “I didn’t really have anything other than rudimentary cookery skills before I went to university and found learning to cook was reasonably enjoyable.” Other things to do while at home is to practise some of those household chores, like operating the washing machine or ironing your clothes!当然，飞巢上大学是一生难得的机会，但要充分利用它，还需要在抵达前做一些准备。这意味着学习生活技能，例如烹饪和清洁。您将无法再依靠妈妈和爸爸来喂您或收拾东西，因此请尝试学习如何制作一些快速且易于准备的主食。毕业生彼得罗杰斯告诉英国广播公司：“在我上大学之前，我除了基本的烹饪技能外没有其他任何东西，我发现学习烹饪是相当愉快的。”在家时要做的其他事情是练习一些家务，例如操作洗衣机或熨烫衣服！These domestic skills will come in useful because students will probably be living with others such as in a flat share or shared campus-based accommodation. This will also require taking responsibility for managing their finances because, apart from tuition fees, accommodation is likely to be the biggest cost for students living away from home. However, the Higher Education Policy Institute and Unite Students study found only about half of the would-be students surveyed identified rent as the biggest expense and concluded that this suggests more should be done to help in the transition between school and university.这些家庭技能将派上用场，因为学生可能会与其他人一起生活，例如合租或共享校园住宿。这还需要承担管理财务的责任，因为除了学费之外，住宿可能是离家出走的学生最大的成本。然而，高等教育政策研究所和 Unite Students 的研究发现，只有大约一半的接受调查的准学生认为房租是最大的开支，并得出结论认为，这表明应该做更多的工作来帮助学校和大学之间的过渡。New students are going to have to be sociable as well – not just relying on old friends at home. Going to university requires meeting new people and making new friends. This often begins in Freshers’ Week although journalism student Emmeke Megannety warns that: “People starting uni need to remember that the people you meet in your first week will not necessarily be your friends for life.” But whatever your expectations, it’s good to be prepared for the time of your life.新学生也必须善于交际——而不仅仅是依靠家里的老朋友。上大学需要结识新朋友并结交新朋友。这通常从新生周开始，尽管新闻系学生 Emmeke Megannety 警告说：“刚开始上大学的人需要记住，你在第一周遇到的人不一定是你一生的朋友。”但无论你有什么期望，为你的人生做好准备是件好事。词汇表stand on one’s own two feet 独立自主self-sufficient 自立的，自给自足的ill-informed 了解有限fly the nest “离巢”（指离开父母，独立生活）opportunity of a lifetime 难得的机会preparation 准备life skills 生活技能staple 主要的rudimentary 基本的household chores 家务活flat share 合租公寓campus （大学）校园，校内accommodation 住宿take responsibility 承担责任finances 财务tuition fees 学费rent 租金，房租transition 过渡sociable 善于社交的Freshers’ Week 新生周time of your life 非常美好的时光

Artificial intelligence becoming self-aware and exterminating the human race is a common theme in science fiction. But the levels of high intelligence that AI could reach is a real concern among some scientists. But with more talk of AI and smart devices in the home, what are the positives of bringing these things into your life?人工智能具有自我意识并消灭人类是科幻小说中的共同主题。但人工智能可以达到的高智能水平是一些科学家真正关心的问题。但是随着人们越来越多地谈论家庭中的人工智能和智能设备，将这些东西带入你的生活有什么好处？Hans Rosling, a professor of international health, once spoke about the impact and changes that the washing machine made. The once arduous task of cleaning clothes by hand was taken on by a machine and freed up more time for other activities. There are so many smart devices that you can fill your home with. Imagine waking up to find a piping hot, freshly brewed cup of coffee, spotless floors that have been recently vacuumed and the house set to the perfect temperature. With smart devices, these things can happen while you sleep. The potential to pre-program and automate parts of your life means that you can focus on other tasks in your life.国际卫生学教授汉斯·罗斯林 (Hans Rosling) 曾谈到洗衣机带来的影响和变化。曾经艰巨的手工洗衣服任务由机器承担，并腾出更多时间进行其他活动。有很多智能设备可以装满你的家。想象一下，醒来时发现一杯滚烫的新煮咖啡，最近用吸尘器吸尘的一尘不染的地板，房子的温度设定在完美的温度。使用智能设备，这些事情可能会在您睡觉时发生。对生活中的某些部分进行预编程和自动化的潜力意味着您可以专注于生活中的其他任务。But there is a difference between smart devices and AI. Smart devices are the things that get on with the tasks, while AI can ‘think’ or interact, and can be used to control the smart devices. There are many voice-activated AI systems which can control the smart devices around your home. You can ask these devices to start making coffee, dim the lights when they’re too bright or even make sure the house is secure. You can inquire as to the weather outside, ask them to blare out music or search the internet for you when you have a burning question about history or the latest cooking recipes. Some of these devices even have a sense of humour, and upon asking them certain questions, they will retort. In short, in some ways, they can act as company.但是智能设备和人工智能是有区别的。智能设备是执行任务的东西，而人工智能可以“思考”或交互，并可用于控制智能设备。有许多语音激活的人工智能系统可以控制你家周围的智能设备。你可以让这些设备开始煮咖啡，在它们太亮时调暗灯光，甚至确保房子安全。当您对历史或最新的烹饪食谱有疑问时，您可以询问外面的天气，让他们大声播放音乐或在互联网上搜索您。其中一些设备甚至具有幽默感，当向他们提出某些问题时，他们会反驳。简而言之，在某些方面，他们可以充当公司。But how far will it go? Well, we already have self-driving cars and sentient tech that can automatically order the delivery of certain products to restock our fridge when we’re running low, but often in films and games we see humanoid robots taking over all of the domestic duties. It seems for now, that those things only live in our imaginations, but we could be seeing them sooner than we think.但它会走多远？好吧，我们已经有了自动驾驶汽车和有感知能力的技术，可以在我们的冰箱用完时自动订购某些产品以补充我们的冰箱，但在电影和游戏中，我们经常看到人形机器人接管了所有的家务。目前看来，这些东西只存在于我们的想象中，但我们可能会比我们想象的更早看到它们。词汇表impact 影响arduous 费力的free up 腾出（时间）piping hot 滚烫的，热气腾腾的spotless 一尘不染的vacuum 用吸尘器清扫temperature 温度pre-program 预设automate 使自动化voice-activated 声控的dim 调暗secure 安全的blare out 大声播放self-driving 自动驾驶sentient 有感应力的，智能的restock 给（冰箱）补充食物run low 快用完humanoid 人形机器人

We often try to save money for a variety of different reasons. It might be to save up for a new computer, put money aside into a rainy-day fund or put a deposit down for a mortgage on a house. Learning how to save is important, but a recent study showed that over half of all 22 – 29-year-olds living in the UK have no savings at all. Did they splurge and splash out on too many things, or are there other factors? And how can we become better savers?我们经常出于各种不同的原因试图省钱。可能是为买一台新电脑存钱，把钱存入一个未雨绸缪的基金，或者为房屋抵押而存钱。学习如何储蓄很重要，但最近的一项研究表明，居住在英国的所有 22 至 29 岁的人中有一半以上根本没有储蓄。他们是否在太多东西上挥霍和挥霍，还是有其他因素？我们怎样才能成为更好的储蓄者？Many young people in the UK choose to live away from home, and the cost of renting can impact the amount we can tuck away in our savings. On top of that, according to a 2017 study, there is a huge pay gap in people in their twenties in the UK, with the top 10% earning 4.3 times per week as the lowest earners. Possibly the mentality of ‘saving more when I earn more’ has crept in. However, there were some positives, with the number of people in debt, not including student loans for university, having fallen from 49% 10 years ago to 37%.英国的许多年轻人选择离家生活，而租房成本会影响我们可以存入储蓄的金额。最重要的是，根据 2017 年的一项研究，英国 20 多岁的人存在巨大的薪酬差距，前 10% 的人每周收入是最低收入者的 4.3 倍。可能是“赚得多了就多存点”的心态已经开始。然而，也有一些积极的方面，负债人数（不包括大学学生贷款）从 10 年前的 49% 下降到 37%。So, how can we improve our ability to save? First off, put a stop to those impulse buys. Ask yourself if you really need to buy something, even if it is on sale or looks like a bargain. One way you could control your spending urges is by using cash rather than card. Withdrawing cash before you go to a restaurant or shopping sets a fixed budget you must adhere to. Also, any change that comes from your transactions when you’re using cash can be put in jar and deposited into your account. Finally, setting up a standing order from your current account into your savings just after you receive your salary will ensure you have some money set aside for a time that you might need it. Just after getting paid is a good idea for this as it means you save before you’ve had the chance to spend.那么，我们怎样才能提高我们的储蓄能力呢？首先，停止那些冲动购买。问问自己是否真的需要买东西，即使它正在打折或看起来很便宜。控制消费冲动的一种方法是使用现金而不是信用卡。在去餐馆或购物之前提取现金是您必须遵守的固定预算。此外，当您使用现金时，您的交易产生的任何变化都可以放入罐中并存入您的帐户。最后，在您收到薪水后立即从您的活期账户中将长期订单存入您的储蓄，这将确保您有一些钱留作您可能需要的时间。获得报酬之后是一个好主意，因为这意味着您在有机会消费之前就进行了储蓄。While there is some good news about debt for the twenty-somethings in the UK, the fact that over half have no savings is seen as a cause for concern. While it could be due to some economic disparity, there may be some other factors at play. However, there are some actions we can take to help us all become better savers.虽然有一些关于英国 20 多岁的债务的好消息，但超过一半的人没有储蓄这一事实被视为令人担忧的原因。虽然这可能是由于一些经济差异造成的，但可能还有其他一些因素在起作用。然而，我们可以采取一些行动来帮助我们成为更好的储蓄者。词汇表save up 存钱，储蓄rainy-day fund 应急备用金mortgage 按揭贷款splurge 挥霍splash out 随意花钱tuck away 攒起来savings 存款，储蓄金pay gap 收入差距creep in 悄悄出现in debt 负债impulse 一时冲动on sale 打折bargain 便宜货，减价品urge 冲动cash 现金budget 预算change （找换的）零钱transaction 交易deposit 存入，存款standing order 定期付款指令，预转存订单ensure 确保disparity 差异

Some say you can tell a lot about a person by the way they decorate their home. We often find pleasure in the things we stick in our houses, be it trinkets we bought on holiday, film memorabilia or paintings to liven up walls. And when we head to others’ houses, we often see things we appreciate, but wouldn’t have in our own homes, because maybe they’re not quite to our taste. The point is, the way we decorate our homes is very personal. And while many of us have plenty of stuff, there are always people who go that little bit further. So, when it comes to minimalism and maximalism, which one appeals to you more?有人说你可以通过他们装饰房屋的方式来了解一个人。我们经常从我们贴在家里的东西中找到乐趣，无论是我们在假期买的小饰品、电影纪念品还是让墙壁活跃起来的画作。当我们去别人家时，我们经常会看到我们欣赏的东西，但在我们自己的家里却没有，因为也许它们不太合我们的口味。关键是，我们装饰房屋的方式非常个人化。虽然我们中的许多人都有很多东西，但总有人走得更远。那么，当谈到极简主义和极简主义时，哪一个更吸引你？Minimalism was an art movement that started in the 1950s. Its basic principles are derived from a concept of ‘less is more’ – reducing things back to their most basic. Some people took that art style and used it as a way of living. Ideas of vast open spaces with an organised and functional structure may spring to mind. They are usually decorated in simple pastel colours, with many minimalists opting for duotone, often just black and white. For some, especially maximalists, it may seem sparse and a bit bland to live without many things – even boring or depressing. However, living in this way is seen by many as more practical.极简主义是一场始于 1950 年代的艺术运动。它的基本原则源自“少即是多”的概念——将事物还原为最基本的。有些人采用这种艺术风格并将其作为一种生活方式。具有组织和功能结构的广阔开放空间的想法可能会浮现在脑海中。它们通常以简单柔和的颜色装饰，许多极简主义者选择双色调，通常只有黑色和白色。对于一些人，尤其是极端主义者来说，没有很多东西的生活似乎很稀疏而且有点乏味——甚至是无聊或沮丧。然而，许多人认为以这种方式生活更实际。Maximalism is the opposite of minimalism and started in the 1970s. It embraces the core ideals that ‘more is more’. While minimalism centres around the principle of decluttering, it’s easy to imagine that a maximalist home is overflowing with items – but that’s not the base idea. It’s more about filling the space – making the most of the area. Structured excess and bold colours combined with mixed patterns is what you will see in a home like this. For a minimalist, used to more simplistic designs, it could be overwhelming. But for those who embrace it, those things give a space personality.极简主义与极简主义相反，始于1970年代。它包含“更多就是更多”的核心理念。虽然极简主义以整理原则为中心，但很容易想象一个极简主义的家中到处都是物品——但这不是基本理念。更多的是填充空间——充分利用该区域。结构化的多余和大胆的颜色与混合图案相结合，您将在这样的家中看到。对于习惯于更简单设计的极简主义者来说，这可能是压倒性的。但对于那些拥抱它的人来说，这些东西赋予了空间个性。The way you have your home is up to you! But, if you opt for maximalism, you may need to prepare for a bit more dusting.您拥有自己的家的方式取决于您！但是，如果您选择极简主义，您可能需要准备更多的除尘。词汇表stick 放在（家里）trinket 小装饰品，小玩意memorabilia 纪念品liven up 使…有生气，为…添彩to one’s taste 适合某人的口味decorate 装饰minimalism 极简主义maximalism 极繁主义less is more 少即是多vast 巨大的functional 实用的pastel （颜色）淡而柔和的duotone 双色调sparse 零落的bland 乏味的core 核心的declutter 清理（空间）overflowing 满得容不下structured 有条理的，有结构的excess 过剩bold （色彩）醒目的，艳丽的

From a young age, many of us learn the benefits of being an extrovert – those gregarious individuals who always seem to be the life and soul of the party, often outspoken and able to express their opinions easily. However, not all of us are wired that way – so is being an extrovert really better?从很小的时候起，我们中的许多人就知道成为外向的人的好处——那些善于交际的人，他们似乎总是党的生命和灵魂，经常直言不讳，能够轻松表达自己的意见。然而，并不是我们所有人都是这样的——那么做一个外向的人真的更好吗？While thinking of extroverts, we imagine a character who is assertive, approachable, cheerful and charming. We are taught to admire these traits early on. Kids are often encouraged to interact, play and communicate with other children. It seems at times as though children are made to embrace a more outgoing lifestyle, with some people becoming pseudo-extroverts – introverts who mimic extrovert behaviour. While externally they may seem to enjoy the company of others, or being in the limelight, they can still become over-extended in intense social situations.在考虑外向者时，我们会想象一个自信、平易近人、开朗和迷人的角色。我们很早就被教导要欣赏这些特征。孩子们经常被鼓励与其他孩子互动、玩耍和交流。有时，孩子们似乎被迫接受一种更外向的生活方式，有些人变成了伪外向者——模仿外向行为的内向者。虽然从外表上看，他们似乎很享受与他人的陪伴，或者成为众人瞩目的焦点，但在激烈的社交场合中，他们仍然会变得过度扩张。So, while the positive aspects of being an extrovert are plain to see, what are the benefits of introversion? While extroverts thrive on social interaction, introverts are more comfortable with levels of isolation. According to Dr Berit Brogaard, a professor of philosophy, extreme solitude, such as times like the recent lockdown, does not affect introverts as much as extroverts. Lack of social contact, something extroverts thrive on, can lead to depression, loneliness, and even premature death.所以，虽然性格外向的积极方面是显而易见的，但内向的好处是什么？虽然外向的人在社交互动中茁壮成长，但内向的人更能适应孤立的程度。根据哲学教授贝里特·布罗加德博士的说法，极端孤独，例如最近的封锁，对内向者的影响不如外向者。缺乏社交联系，外向的人茁壮成长，会导致抑郁、孤独，甚至过早死亡。But it’s not just in an extreme situation that the pros of being an introvert shine through. These people seem to have more time for contemplation and introspection and thus can become more balanced. They also tend to be good listeners and think before they speak, meaning they could become great friends. Finally, introverts are often fantastic observers, as sitting out of the focus can give you more time to watch the behaviour of others.但是，性格内向的优点不仅仅在极端情况下才能发挥出来。这些人似乎有更多的时间进行沉思和反省，因此可以变得更加平衡。他们也往往是很好的倾听者，在说话之前会先思考，这意味着他们可以成为好朋友。最后，内向的人通常是出色的观察者，因为坐在焦点之外可以让你有更多的时间观察他人的行为。So, whatever your personality, either introvert or extrovert, there are clear advantages to being either, and if you meet an introvert, you might just end up with an amazing friend.所以，无论你的性格如何，无论是内向的还是外向的，两者都有明显的优势，如果你遇到内向的人，你最终可能会遇到一个了不起的朋友。词汇表gregarious 爱交际的life and soul of the party 社交场合的灵魂人物outspoken 坦率的，直率的assertive 坚定自信的approachable 平易近人的cheerful 乐观开朗的charming 迷人的trait （性格）特点encourage 鼓励interact 互动，相互交流communicate 沟通outgoing 开朗外向的mimic 模仿over-extended 吃不消，压力过大solitude 孤独contemplation 沉思introspection 反思

Some of us like to keep some things private – maybe we don’t want people knowing about our relationship status, our age or where we live – because these details are personal. The problem is, everywhere we go online, we seem to leave a digital footprint.我们中的一些人喜欢将某些事情保密——也许我们不希望人们知道我们的关系状况、我们的年龄或我们住在哪里——因为这些细节是私人的。问题是，无论我们上网，我们似乎都留下了数字足迹。On our social media accounts, we often display things like our opinions, connections and holiday snaps. The issue is, how do we stop everybody seeing everything? Maybe we don’t want a random stranger knowing our favourite type of coffee. And cookies – there was a time they were just something nice to eat. Now they seem to be popping up on websites. So how can you stay more private?在我们的社交媒体账户上，我们经常展示我们的观点、联系和假期快照等内容。问题是，我们如何阻止每个人都看到一切？也许我们不希望一个随机的陌生人知道我们最喜欢的咖啡类型。还有饼干——曾经有一段时间它们只是很好吃的东西。现在它们似乎出现在网站上。那么如何保持更私密呢？There are some steps you can take. First, on your social media accounts, check your privacy settings. Many social media platforms allow everything to be visible by default, and the onus is on you to set your boundaries. And limiting the amount you share isn’t only confined to social media. There are many sites out there that help you to share documents – so a good tip may be to not put anything too private, like passwords, on there. One errant click may send it to the wrong person.您可以采取一些步骤。首先，在您的社交媒体帐户上，检查您的隐私设置。许多社交媒体平台默认情况下允许所有内容可见，您有责任设定自己的界限。限制您分享的数量不仅限于社交媒体。有许多网站可以帮助您共享文档——所以一个好的提示可能是不要在上面放任何太私密的东西，比如密码。一次错误的点击可能会将其发送给错误的人。Finally, cookies are designed to improve your browsing experience by tracking and saving information about your visits to a site, helping to personalise your sessions. Deleting your browsing history may help, but there are certain apps which can block them if you don’t feel comfortable.最后，cookie 旨在通过跟踪和保存有关您访问网站的信息来改善您的浏览体验，帮助个性化您的会话。删除您的浏览历史记录可能会有所帮助，但如果您觉得不舒服，某些应用程序可能会阻止它们。So, if you want to maintain your privacy online, maybe only share things you’d be happy with a stranger seeing – and if you don’t feel comfortable with cookies, you might decide to invest in some tech to block them. If that’s not enough, just don’t accept them and visit another site – and why not have a yummy cookie to eat instead?因此，如果您想维护您的在线隐私，也许只分享您对陌生人看到的东西感到高兴——如果您对 cookie 感到不舒服，您可能会决定投资一些技术来阻止它们。如果这还不够，就不要接受它们并访问另一个站点——为什么不吃美味的饼干呢？词汇表status 状况personal 私人的digital footprint 数字足迹connections （常用作复数）人际关系，人脉snap 快照，照片cookie 饼干；互联网语境下指网站为辨别用户身份而存储在用户端设备上的小文件pop up 弹出platform 平台default 默认设定the onus 责任boundary 界限errant 出错的browse 浏览track 跟踪，追踪session （访问网站的）一段时间app 移动应用程序block 屏蔽tech 科技

Children are naturally curious, inquisitive beings, but getting them to study something they aren’t interested in can be a difficult task. Teachers and parents often find themselves resorting to rewards in the form of stars, promises of high grades and wonderful careers, or threats of punishment. But what if rewards and threats aren’t the answer?孩子们天生好奇、好奇，但让他们学习他们不感兴趣的东西可能是一项艰巨的任务。老师和家长常常发现自己诉诸于星辰奖、高分和美好事业的承诺或惩罚的威胁。但是，如果奖励和威胁都不是答案呢？Natural curiosity is sometimes referred to as ‘intrinsic motivation’. Studies have found that children who see learning as fun and important are better at it. And it’s easy to understand why – it’s difficult to study something we aren’t engaged with, and if we’re passionate about the info we’re digesting, it feels more fulfilling.天生的好奇心有时被称为“内在动机”。研究发现，将学习视为有趣和重要的孩子更擅长学习。而且很容易理解为什么——研究我们不参与的东西是很困难的，如果我们对正在消化的信息充满热情，就会感觉更充实。Extrinsic motivation, things like rewards and punishment, does have its uses too. Praise and stimulation based on achieving good grades or fear of reprisal has been acknowledged to motivate older students. However, it seems that at an early age, it doesn’t have as much effect. So, if it’s the case that natural curiosity is motivation for better learning, how can we stimulate that interest?外在动机，比如奖励和惩罚，也有它的用途。基于取得好成绩或害怕报复的表扬和激励已被公认为可以激励年长学生。但是，似乎在很小的时候，它并没有太大的影响。那么，如果天生的好奇心是更好学习的动力，我们如何才能激发这种兴趣呢？According to some experts, the key is to allow some degree of autonomy and freedom. Let the child see their learning as their free will. If you want to teach a child to read, let them choose which book they use. Whether it’s a graphic novel, TV guide or classic literature – the aim of stimulating their appetite for reading is still met. Likewise, build a relationship with them as learners – listen to their negative feelings. Explain why an activity is valuable, even if it isn’t exactly fun.一些专家认为，关键是要允许一定程度的自治和自由。让孩子把他们的学习看作是他们的自由意志。如果你想教孩子阅读，让他们选择他们使用的书。无论是图画小说、电视指南还是经典文学作品——仍然可以满足激发他们阅读兴趣的目标。同样，作为学习者与他们建立关系——倾听他们的负面感受。解释为什么一项活动很有价值，即使它并不完全有趣。So it seems that the key to motivating children, especially the young ones, might come from stimulating that intrinsic motivation. Maybe it’s time to unleash them from the reigns of threats and rewards, and give them a bit more choice of how they learn.因此，似乎激励孩子，尤其是年幼的孩子的关键，可能来自于激发内在动力。也许是时候让他们摆脱威胁和奖励的束缚，让他们在学习方式上有更多选择。词汇表curious 好奇的inquisitive 好问的，求知欲强的task 任务resort to 采用，诉诸于intrinsic 内在的，固有的info 信息digest 吸收，理解（信息）fulfilling 让人感到满足、有意义的extrinsic 外部的，外在的praise 表扬，赞美reprisal 报复，惩罚degree 程度autonomy 自主free will 自愿appetite 欲望，渴求unleash 释放，解除束缚

Breaking up is hard to do – or so some people say. If you’re in a relationship but not as loved-up as you once were, when is the right time to call it a day? The longer the relationship, the harder it can be. But once you do make the break, is it still possible to maintain a friendship with your ex-partner?分手很难——至少有人这么说。如果您正在恋爱但不像以前那样被爱，那么什么时候是结束这一天的合适时间？关系越长，就越难。但是一旦你真的分手了，还有可能和你的前任保持友谊吗？When you’ve been dumped, the classic line that’s often used is ‘let’s just be friends’. That can be either wishful thinking or something to soften the blow of bad news. However, when you fell madly in love with your partner all those weeks, months or years ago, it would have been hard to imagine you’d fall out of love. And so salvaging something from that time, and remaining friends, could be a good thing to do.当你被甩的时候，经常使用的经典台词是“让我们做朋友吧”。这可能是一厢情愿的想法，也可能是为了缓和坏消息的打击。然而，当你在几周、几个月或几年前疯狂地爱上你的伴侣时，很难想象你会失恋。因此，从那时起挽救一些东西，并留下朋友，可能是一件好事。It’s good if a break-up is amicable – it avoids the hate, pain and anger that can eat away at us and affect our mental health. If you can accept you’ve had some good times but it’s time to move on, then all the better – besides, you won’t have to cancel your ex-partner from social media or delete their name from your contacts! If you can appreciate the mutual interests you had then there’s no reason why you can’t continue a platonic relationship.如果分手是友好的，那就太好了——它可以避免仇恨、痛苦和愤怒，这些仇恨、痛苦和愤怒会侵蚀我们并影响我们的心理健康。如果你能接受你有过一些美好的时光，但现在是时候继续前进了，那就更好了——此外，你不必从社交媒体上取消你的前伴侣或从你的联系人中删除他们的名字！如果你能欣赏你所拥有的共同利益，那么你就没有理由不能继续一段柏拉图式的关系。But holding onto the past and staying friends doesn’t always work – you just have to accept you and your partner just weren’t compatible, therefore it’s best to give each other space, to look forward, and try to get any romantic feelings you once had out of your system. And according to some, staying friends with your ex isn’t a good option. Marie-Claire Chappet told the BBC, “It does nothing but prolong the pain of the break-up”.但守住过去和做朋友并不总是奏效——你只需要接受你和你的伴侣只是不兼容，因此最好给彼此空间，向前看，并尝试获得任何浪漫的感觉。曾经有过你的系统。根据一些人的说法，与前任保持朋友关系并不是一个好的选择。 Marie-Claire Chappet 告诉 BBC，“它只会延长分手的痛苦”。Helen Fisher, a neurologist at the Kinsey Institute who’s been studying the psychology in relationships, also told the BBC: “The way to accelerate mending a broken heart is similar to treating addiction – you put away their things, stop looking at their social media and have no contact with them.”一直在研究人际关系心理学的金赛研究所神经学家海伦·费舍尔（Helen Fisher）也告诉 BBC：“加速修复一颗破碎的心的方法类似于治疗成瘾——你把他们的东西收起来，不再看他们的社交媒体，和他们没有任何联系。”So, maybe it’s time to get in touch with your real friends, instead of seeking friendship with ‘a ghost from the past’.所以，也许是时候与你真正的朋友联系了，而不是寻求与“过去的幽灵”的友谊。词汇表break up 分手relationship 恋爱关系loved-up 恩爱的call it a day 结束，到此为止friendship 友谊dump 甩掉（恋人）wishful thinking 一厢情愿fall in love 坠入爱河amicable 不伤和气的move on 接受（分手的）现实，向前看mutual 共同的platonic （柏拉图式）纯精神友谊的compatible 合得来，适合彼此romantic 与爱情相关的，浪漫的out of your system 摆脱，赶走broken heart “心碎”

How long have you been in your job for? If you’re climbing a career ladder, how long do you intend to stay on it? It’s hard to know when to jump ship and to do something different, and it’s even more problematic deciding whether to quit if you don’t have a new job to go to.你工作多久了？如果你正在攀登职业阶梯，你打算坚持多久？很难知道何时跳槽并做一些不同的事情，如果你没有新工作可去，决定是否辞职更成问题。In the past, a job for life was just that – something you did throughout your working life. Being loyal to one company came with many perks and job security. But these days, there are many more opportunities to switch your career path, so it’s normal to have many jobs listed on your CV. It’s accepted that our goals change, so quitting one job for another shows how versatile and adaptable we are.在过去，一份终生的工作就是这样——你在整个工作生涯中所做的事情。忠于一家公司会带来许多好处和工作保障。但是现在，转换职业道路的机会越来越多，所以在简历上列出很多工作是很正常的。人们普遍认为我们的目标会发生变化，因此辞去一份工作换另一份工作表明了我们的多才多艺和适应性强。According to insurance firm LV, a worker in the UK will change employer every five years on average. In the US, it’s even shorter, with people staying with a single employer for just over four years, according to official statistics. Victoria Bethlehem from recruitment firm Adecco told the BBC that she looks favourably on a prospective employee who has changed roles every three to five years.根据保险公司 LV 的数据，英国的一名工人平均每五年更换一次雇主。根据官方统计，在美国，这一时间甚至更短，人们在单一雇主处待了四年多一点。招聘公司 Adecco 的 Victoria Bethlehem 告诉 BBC，她看好一名每三到五年更换一次职位的准雇员。While it’s good to pursue new work challenges, is quitting your job for no job at all career suicide? It’s risky, but it can give you a chance to follow your dreams. LinkedIn influencer Murugan Pandian, who’s a project efficiency expert at St Joseph’s Hospital Health Center, says: “If you are that miserable [in your job], then sometimes it helps to quit, reassess your priorities in life and then come up with a more creative job-hunting strategy.”虽然追求新的工作挑战是件好事，但因为没有工作而辞职是职业自杀吗？这是有风险的，但它可以让你有机会追随你的梦想。 LinkedIn 影响者 Murugan Pandian 是圣约瑟夫医院健康中心的项目效率专家，他说：“如果你 [在你的工作中] 如此悲惨，那么有时它会帮助你辞职，重新评估你在生活中的优先事项，然后想出一个更创造性的求职策略。”Of course resigning from your job is scary – there is the fear of the unknown, but for some, no job is better than a thankless one. The recent Covid pandemic has certainly made people think twice about their career priorities, and with workers being forced back to the office, some of them may be tempted to leave their job without having a new role to go to. But no job means no money, so quitting needs careful thought, although it could lead you down a whole new career path.当然，辞职是可怕的——对未知的恐惧，但对某些人来说，没有工作比吃力不讨好。最近的 Covid 大流行无疑使人们对自己的职业优先事项三思而后行，随着工人被迫回到办公室，他们中的一些人可能会在没有新角色可去的情况下离开工作岗位。但是没有工作就没有钱，所以辞职需要仔细考虑，尽管它可能会引导你走上一条全新的职业道路。词汇表climb a/the career ladder 步步高升jump ship 跳槽，另谋高就quit 辞职a job for life 终生的工作，“铁饭碗”perks （工作上的）额外福利job security 工作保障career path 职业前途versatile 多用途的，这里指 “有多种技能的”recruitment 招聘employee 员工career suicide 自毁前途job-hunting strategy 求职策略resign 辞职role 职位

Have you ever heard someone say, “breakfast is the most important meal of the day”, or give you advice about why it’s vital to start the day with a healthy breakfast? It seems that this feast, for many of us, is necessary for our day to start well, but is it really that important?你有没有听过有人说“早餐是一天中最重要的一餐”，或者告诉你为什么以健康的早餐开始新的一天很重要？对于我们中的许多人来说，这场盛宴似乎对于我们的一天有一个好的开始是必要的，但它真的那么重要吗？The word ‘breakfast’ comes from ‘breaking the fast’ – the idea of ending the period in which we didn’t eat during the night. The regeneration process that takes place while we sleep consumes some of our natural food reserves to heal our bodies. Breakfast gives us an opportunity to replenish those depleted stores of things like protein and calcium. So, in that way, a healthy breakfast makes sense.“早餐”这个词来自“打破禁食”——结束我们在夜间不吃饭的时期的想法。我们睡觉时发生的再生过程会消耗我们的一些天然食物储备来治愈我们的身体。早餐让我们有机会补充那些耗尽的蛋白质和钙等物质。所以，这样，一顿健康的早餐才有意义。There are also many often-quoted studies which seem to correlate a state of obesity with skipping breakfast. In fact, it leads many health experts to advise a healthy breakfast to not only regulate but also lose weight. In a US study, 50,000 people were monitored over seven years, and those who ate a healthy breakfast were found to have a lower BMI, which seems to suggest that breakfast may indeed help people maintain a healthy weight.还有许多经常被引用的研究似乎将肥胖状态与不吃早餐联系起来。事实上，这导致许多健康专家建议健康的早餐不仅可以调节体重，还可以减肥。在美国的一项研究中，对 50,000 人进行了七年的监测，发现吃健康早餐的人的 BMI 较低，这似乎表明早餐确实可以帮助人们保持健康的体重。But it might not be as simple as that. Some experts, like Alexandra Johnstone, professor of appetite research at the University of Aberdeen, suggest those who skip breakfast might be less aware of healthy diets and nutrition, and people who eat breakfast might have a healthier lifestyle overall – exercising and not smoking, for example. And with the rise in popularity of intermittent fasting to lose weight – there may also be some benefits to skipping breakfast. Intermittent fasting can improve blood sugar control, insulin sensitivity, and lower blood pressure.但它可能没有那么简单。一些专家，如阿伯丁大学食欲研究教授亚历山德拉约翰斯通，认为那些不吃早餐的人可能不太了解健康饮食和营养，而吃早餐的人总体上可能有更健康的生活方式——锻炼而不吸烟，因为例子。随着间歇性禁食减肥的普及，不吃早餐也可能有一些好处。间歇性禁食可以改善血糖控制、胰岛素敏感性和降低血压。So, while breakfast has its benefits, it might not be the most important meal. It seems that a healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet might be more important for many of us than just one single meal.因此，虽然早餐有其好处，但它可能不是最重要的一餐。对我们中的许多人来说，均衡饮食的健康生活方式似乎比一顿饭更重要。词汇表vital 极其重要的feast 大餐fast 禁食期regeneration 再生consume 消耗food reserves 食物储备replenish 补充，补足depleted 耗尽的，枯竭的protein 蛋白质calcium 钙correlate 和…相关skip 略过（这里指 “不吃”）regulate 控制，调节BMI (body mass index) 身体质量指数appetite 食欲intermittent 间歇性insulin 胰岛素blood pressure 血压

Charles Darwin once said “A man who dares to waste one hour of time has not discovered the value of life”. If you live one hundred years, that only equates to twelve-hundred months – and when you break it down even further into days, hours and minutes, it gets more frightening. Why is this relevant? Well, quite simply put: life is short. Spending eight hours every day in a slumber means you’re losing a third of your life to bed. So, the question is: is eight hours the exact amount we need, or is it just a myth?查尔斯·达尔文曾经说过“一个敢于浪费一小时时间的人，并没有发现生命的价值”。如果你活了一百岁，那只相当于一千二百个月——当你把它进一步分解成天、小时和分钟时，它会变得更加可怕。为什么这是相关的？嗯，很简单地说：生命是短暂的。每天睡八小时意味着你失去了三分之一的生命在睡觉。所以，问题是：八小时是我们需要的确切时间，还是只是一个神话？While most scientists agree that between seven and nine hours a night is the optimal amount, this is just a rough estimate. In truth, it’s a little more complicated than that. It seems that the amount of sleep you need depends upon your age – with infants needing much more than adults. What does seem apparent is that around seven and a half hours’ sleep is a good amount. In a study conducted at the University of Surrey Sleep Research Centre, the effects of sleep were monitored.虽然大多数科学家同意每晚 7 到 9 小时是最佳时间，但这只是粗略估计。事实上，它比这更复杂一些。您需要的睡眠量似乎取决于您的年龄——婴儿需要的睡眠量比成人多得多。显而易见的是，大约七个半小时的睡眠是一个很好的时间。在萨里大学睡眠研究中心进行的一项研究中，监测了睡眠的影响。One group slept for six and a half and the other for seven and a half hours per night. While some findings were predictable – irritation and lower concentration in the group who slept less, there were some more surprising findings. The genes of people who had less sleep were affected. Genes associated with inflammation, the immune system and stress response became more active. The team also observed increases in the activity of genes related to diabetes and risk of cancer.一组每晚睡六个半小时，另一组睡七个半小时。虽然一些发现是可以预测的——睡眠较少的那组人的刺激和注意力降低，但还有一些更令人惊讶的发现。睡眠较少的人的基因受到影响。与炎症、免疫系统和压力反应相关的基因变得更加活跃。研究小组还观察到与糖尿病和癌症风险相关的基因活性增加。One of the biggest issues is that myths regarding sleep are constantly perpetuated. For example, have you ever heard that you can train yourself to need less or no sleep? It’s simply not true. We will always need a certain amount of sleep – eight hours might not be the exact sweet spot, and there are factors like age to take into consideration, but one thing is true – there is a certain amount we do actually need.最大的问题之一是关于睡眠的神话一直存在。例如，您是否听说过您可以训练自己减少或不需要睡眠？这根本不是真的。我们总是需要一定的睡眠时间——八小时可能不是确切的最佳睡眠时间，而且还需要考虑年龄等因素，但有一件事是真实的——我们确实需要一定的睡眠时间。词汇表equate to 相当于break something down 将…细分为若干部分relevant 相关的slumber 睡眠，睡梦myth 没有根据的说法，虚传optimal 最佳的estimate 估计apparent 明显的monitor 监测finding 研究结果irritation 烦躁，恼火concentration 注意力，专注immune system 免疫系统response 反应perpetuate 使…持续下去sweet spot 最佳状态（此处指最佳睡眠时长）take into consideration 考虑到

Procrastination is often seen as the enemy of productivity. Images of lazy people with feet up on desks or wasting time to dodge work spring to mind at the very mention of the word. And there are many things which indicate that procrastination is a problem which needs addressing. But could there be some benefits to it too?拖延通常被视为生产力的敌人。一提到这个词，人们就会想到懒惰的人把脚放在桌子上或浪费时间躲避工作的画面。有很多事情表明拖延是一个需要解决的问题。但它也能有一些好处吗？We live in a high-octane world – always on the go, racing from one task to another. And at times, duties, be it work or personal, can feel relentless – with our nose constantly to the grindstone. Sometimes we just need to switch off, chill out and reboot. A little procrastination can help detach us from the pressures of modern life. According to psychotherapist F Diane Barth, watching TV, taking a long bath or listening to music can help us to ease off.我们生活在一个高辛烷值的世界——总是在路上，从一项任务跑到另一项任务。有时，职责，无论是工作还是个人，都会让人感到无情——我们的鼻子一直在磨刀石上。有时我们只需要关闭、放松并重新启动。一点点拖延可以帮助我们摆脱现代生活的压力。根据心理治疗师 F Diane Barth 的说法，看电视、泡澡或听音乐可以帮助我们放松。And it’s possible that procrastination has become more prevalent during the pandemic. With many countries going through lockdowns, some of us have suddenly found ourselves with more time – not having the hours of commutes, or options of social activities we once took for granted. Being at home, many of us quickly discovered that it is impossible to be productive 24-7. That extra relaxation can help us to be more productive or creative in the long run, allowing us to clear our minds and focus better.在大流行期间，拖延可能变得更加普遍。随着许多国家的封锁，我们中的一些人突然发现自己有了更多的时间——没有通勤时间，也没有我们曾经认为理所当然的社交活动选择。待在家里，我们中的许多人很快就发现，24-7 高效工作是不可能的。从长远来看，这种额外的放松可以帮助我们提高工作效率或创造力，让我们清醒头脑并更好地集中注意力。So, while being productive is important, it seems that some amount of downtime and procrastination can help us to relax and become more focussed. The next time you feel really stressed, why not try wasting a little time? You might just like it.因此，虽然高效很重要，但似乎一些停机时间和拖延可以帮助我们放松并变得更加专注。下次你感到压力很大的时候，何不试着浪费一点时间呢？你可能只是喜欢它。词汇表productivity 生产力feet up 脚翘在桌子上，指休息放松dodge 躲避，逃避address 设法解决，应对high-octane 充满活力的on the go 忙个不停duty 责任，义务relentless 一刻不停的，没完没了的nose to the grindstone 埋头苦干switch off 不再关注，不再想chill out （疲劳后）放松一下reboot 重新投入ease off 减轻压力take for granted 想当然，把...视为理所应当的in the long run 从长远来看make the most of 充分利用slack off 偷懒，懈怠downtime 休息时间

Rolling hills and endless green pastures – those images are easy to conjure when thinking of the idyllic country lifestyle. When lockdowns descended upon many countries across the world during the pandemic, social media seemed to be dominated by pictures of cottages and village life – people getting away from it all. So, why is living in the countryside becoming a modern fantasy – and are there benefits to considering a slower pace of life?连绵起伏的丘陵和一望无际的绿色牧场——当想到田园诗般的乡村生活方式时，这些画面很容易让人联想到。当大流行期间全球许多国家实行封锁时，社交媒体似乎被别墅和乡村生活的照片所主导——人们远离了这一切。那么，为什么生活在农村成为一种现代幻想——考虑慢一点的生活节奏有好处吗？It makes sense that some people would want to give up the crowded and noisy city streets for the perceived tranquillity of the traditional country life – especially during an event like a pandemic. The lockdowns and extensive periods of working from home have given people time to think about what they want from life. But it’s not just about having a greener place to look at out your window.有些人愿意为了传统乡村生活的宁静而放弃拥挤和嘈杂的城市街道，这是有道理的——尤其是在像大流行这样的事件中。封锁和长时间在家工作让人们有时间思考他们想要从生活中得到什么。但这不仅仅是有一个更绿色的地方可以看到窗外。There is more evidence that relates to the benefits of rural living. Villages aren’t normally subject to the stop-go traffic we see in city centres, the buses fighting with taxis for dominance, or metro systems with trains that scream from one station to the next. In short, there’s less air pollution in your country retreat – a thing which increases the chances of developing respiratory conditions or heart disease. You also get more opportunities to take long walks and see the sights, meaning you can get more exercise. Less noise, more walks and better air can also lead to less stress and an increased life expectancy, according to studies such as one conducted by the British government in 2012.有更多的证据表明农村生活的好处。村庄通常不会受到我们在市中心看到的走走停停的交通、公共汽车与出租车争夺主导地位的影响，或者地铁系统的火车从一站到下一站的尖叫声。简而言之，您所在国家/地区的空气污染较少，这会增加患呼吸道疾病或心脏病的机会。你也有更多的机会去散步和看风景，这意味着你可以得到更多的锻炼。根据英国政府在 2012 年进行的一项研究，减少噪音、多走路和改善空气也可以减少压力并延长预期寿命。However, there are some things that need to be considered. Living far from the hustle and bustle of the city means that some people may feel isolated or even lonely. And as people get older, life far from doctors or public transport could become a bit of a challenge. So, if you’re considering a change of pace and moving to a picturesque village, there is a range of pros and cons to consider before taking the plunge.但是，有一些事情需要考虑。远离城市的喧嚣意味着有些人可能会感到孤立，甚至孤独。随着人们年龄的增长，远离医生或公共交通工具的生活可能会成为一个挑战。因此，如果您正在考虑改变节奏并搬到风景如画的村庄，那么在冒险之前需要考虑一系列利弊。词汇表rolling hills 绵延起伏的山丘pastures 牧场草地idyllic 田园风光的cottage 乡村小屋village 乡村get away from it all 抛开烦恼去休息、放松pace of life 生活节奏tranquillity 宁静rural 农村的，乡村的air pollution 空气污染retreat 退隐静养的地方life expectancy 预期寿命hustle and bustle 喧嚣繁忙isolated 与世隔绝的picturesque 风景如画的take the plunge 冒然决定尝试

How do you consume your music? What format do you listen to it on? Technology now allows us to stream and download our favourite songs through websites and apps. This means it’s easy to access and it’s very portable, so we could enjoy it whenever and wherever we like. So, it’s surprising to know that the popularity of some old tech is increasing.你如何消费你的音乐？你用什么格式听的？现在，技术允许我们通过网站和应用程序流式传输和下载我们最喜欢的歌曲。这意味着它易于访问且非常便携，因此我们可以随时随地享受它。因此，令人惊讶的是，一些旧技术的受欢迎程度正在增加。A number of musicians have been releasing their albums on vinyl and cassette tape. While this latter analogue technology lacks the good digital audio quality that we expect to hear today, in its heyday, it was a popular way for teenagers to enjoy recorded music. The introduction of the Walkman portable cassette player in 1979, made by Sony, meant people could listen to music on the move for the first time. By the end of 1989, 83 million tapes were bought by British music fans, but the invention of the compact disc in the 1990s changed that.许多音乐家已经在黑胶唱片和盒式磁带上发行了他们的专辑。虽然后一种模拟技术缺乏我们今天期望听到的良好数字音频质量，但在其鼎盛时期，它是青少年欣赏录制音乐的一种流行方式。索尼于 1979 年推出随身听便携式磁带播放器，这意味着人们第一次可以在移动中聆听音乐。到 1989 年底，英国乐迷购买了 8300 万盘磁带，但 1990 年代光盘的发明改变了这一点。Despite the demise of the cassette tape in the 90s, in the first six months of 2020, nearly 65,000 music cassettes were sold in the UK, according to the Official Charts Company – double the sales from the same period the previous year. Although this is only a small fraction of overall music sales, cassette tapes are physical items that can be kept and collected ­­­– not stored in the cloud. And the resurgence of the cassette has been helped by big names such as Billie Eilish, Ariana Grande and Justin Bieber, who have released their music on this format.根据官方图表公司的数据，尽管盒式磁带在 90 年代消亡，但在 2020 年的前六个月，英国售出了近 65,000 盒音乐磁带，是去年同期的两倍。尽管这只是整个音乐销售的一小部分，但盒式磁带是可以保存和收集的物理物品，而不是存储在云中。 Billie Eilish、Ariana Grande 和 Justin Bieber 等知名人士都以这种格式发行了他们的音乐，从而帮助了磁带的复兴。To listen to music on a cassette, you need a tape player or a personal stereo to play them on, but this hasn’t deterred the new younger audience ­– its recent popularity seems to be more about buying memorabilia. Gennaro Castaldo from the British Phonographic Industry told the BBC: “Younger consumers are now buying into their collectible appeal – as they have done with vinyl ­– and the more they do this, the greater the demand for labels and artists to cater to.” But although cassettes won’t replace streaming as a way of listening to music, it does go to show how some tech never dies!要收听盒式磁带上的音乐，您需要磁带机或个人立体声音响来播放它们，但这并没有阻止新的年轻观众——它最近的流行似乎更多地是为了购买纪念品。英国唱片业的 Gennaro Castaldo 告诉 BBC：“年轻的消费者现在正在购买他们的收藏品吸引力——就像他们对黑胶唱片所做的那样——他们这样做的次数越多，对唱片公司和艺术家的需求就越大。”但是，尽管磁带不会取代流媒体作为听音乐的一种方式，但它确实表明了一些技术是如何永不消亡的！词汇表format 载体形式，格式stream 在线收听portable 轻便的，便携的tech 科技，技术vinyl 黑胶唱片cassette tape 录音带，磁带analogue 模拟录音的digital 数码的，数字的recorded 录制的，录下的cassette player （盒式）磁带播放器compact disc 光盘physical 实物的the cloud 网络云resurgence 重新兴起personal stereo 随身听，便携式袖珍播放器memorabilia 纪念品collectible appeal 值得收藏的魅力label 唱片公司cater to 迎合、满足…的需要

Do you like to keep fit? We’re always told that regular exercise is good for our body and mind. More and more people are taking up activities that improve their fitness. But is there a risk some of us might get obsessed and overdo it?你喜欢保持身材吗？我们总是被告知定期锻炼对我们的身心都有好处。越来越多的人开始从事可以提高身体素质的活动。但是我们中的一些人可能会痴迷并过度使用它吗？Well, for some people, fitness has become an obsession as they aim for perfection. And fitness trackers and apps can add to this addiction, especially if someone is driven by achievement and perfectionism. And sharing data on social media means exercising becomes public and competitive, which could cause problems in someone who is vulnerable.好吧，对于某些人来说，健身已经成为一种痴迷，因为他们追求完美。健身追踪器和应用程序可能会增加这种成瘾，尤其是当某人被成就和完美主义驱使时。在社交媒体上共享数据意味着锻炼变得公开且具有竞争力，这可能会给弱势群体带来问题。Experts say this can lead to a medical condition called orthorexia nervosa, or addiction to ‘healthy’ eating and over-exercise. Untreated, it can lead to malnutrition and mental health complications. According to a BBC Worklife article: “Research from scientists at University College London in 2017 found that higher Instagram usage was associated with increased likelihood of developing orthorexia, especially among followers of the ‘healthy eating’ influencers.”专家说，这可能导致一种称为神经性厌食症的疾病，或对“健康”饮食和过度运动上瘾。未经治疗，它会导致营养不良和心理健康并发症。根据 BBC Worklife 的一篇文章：“伦敦大学学院的科学家在 2017 年的研究发现，Instagram 的使用率越高，患食欲不振的可能性就越大，尤其是在‘健康饮食’影响者的追随者中。”Too much exercise can also take its toll on someone’s physical health as well. Symptoms of over-exercising include injuries such as stress fractures, tendinitis and a low immune system. So how much exercise is too much? Research by the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found the ideal pace to jog was about eight kilometres per hour – and that it was best to jog no more than three times a week or for 2.5 hours in total, showing that moderate jogging is possibly more beneficial than being inactive or undertaking strenuous jogging.过多的运动也会对一个人的身体健康造成影响。过度锻炼的症状包括损伤，如应力性骨折、肌腱炎和免疫系统低下。那么多少运动量才算过量呢？美国心脏病学会杂志的研究发现，慢跑的理想速度约为每小时 8 公里——最好每周慢跑 3 次或总共 2.5 小时，这表明适度慢跑可能是比不运动或剧烈慢跑更有益。If you’re more of a couch potato than a sprinter, this might sound like good news. But for amateur athletes who can’t help but push their bodies to the limit, the advice from Martin Turner, a sports and exercise psychologist, is, “it’s all about letting go, not being obsessed, learning not to control everything, saying, ‘You don’t need to be perfect.’”如果你更像是沙发土豆而不是短跑运动员，这听起来可能是个好消息。但对于忍不住将自己的身体推向极限的业余运动员，运动和锻炼心理学家马丁·特纳的建议是，“这一切都是为了放手，不要执着，学会不去控制一切，说， “你不需要完美。”词汇表keep fit 健身，保持健康exercise 运动，锻炼obsession 痴迷，念念不忘的事情perfection 完美fitness tracker 健身追踪器addiction 上瘾，沉溺achievement 成绩，成就perfectionism 完美主义competitive 有竞争性质的orthorexia nervosa 健康食品强迫症malnutrition 营养不良take its toll 造成伤害stress fracture 疲劳性骨折，应力性骨折tendinitis 肌腱病变，肌腱炎low immune system 免疫力低下jog 慢跑inactive 不活动的strenuous 费力的，剧烈的couch potato 喜欢窝在沙发上看电视的人sprinter 短跑运动员amateur 业余的to the limit 最大限度地，到极限letting go 放下，不再想

If you could travel back in time, which period of history would you visit? It’s a great question to ask your friends, and time travel is the subject of many science fiction films. Of course, sci-fi is familiar to most of us, but what is cli-fi? The simple answer is climate fiction – a genre which focuses on the subject of climate change.如果时光倒流，你会去哪个历史时期？问你的朋友是一个很好的问题，时间旅行是许多科幻电影的主题。当然，科幻对我们大多数人来说都很熟悉，但什么是 cli-fi？简单的答案是气候小说——一种关注气候变化主题的类型。Many of the cli-fi examples we watch tend to be disaster films. It could be solar flares, ice ages devastating the planet, extreme flooding swamping the Earth with water, or super-storms that threaten life as we know it. While films and novels of this genre are often subject to the typical tropes of a hero or heroine battling to save the day, what sets it apart from most sci-fi films is that the plots will often draw on plausible outcomes in the present or near future.我们观看的许多 cli-fi 示例往往是灾难片。它可能是太阳耀斑、冰河时代毁灭地球、极端洪水淹没地球，或者威胁我们所知道的生命的超级风暴。虽然这种类型的电影和小说经常受到英雄或女英雄为拯救世界而战的典型比喻，但它与大多数科幻电影的不同之处在于，情节往往会利用当前或近期的合理结果未来。Climate change and the potential threats have long been established. Some believe that the issue of climate change has even led to more fans watching films to learn more about what’s happening to the world – seeing it as a form of edutainment. A study conducted by the Yale programme on Climate Change Communication tested the effects that two climate fiction novels can have on its readers and found “significant positive effects” in terms of their attitudes and beliefs towards the climate crisis – for example, understanding global warming will harm them and future generations.气候变化及其潜在威胁早已确立。一些人认为，气候变化问题甚至导致更多的影迷观看电影以更多地了解世界正在发生的事情——将其视为一种寓教于乐的形式。耶鲁大学气候变化传播项目进行的一项研究测试了两本气候小说对其读者的影响，并发现他们对气候危机的态度和信念具有“显着的积极影响”——例如，了解全球变暖将伤害他们和后代。Most climate films are not only blockbuster action films, but also prey on our fear of what some see as the impending doom of a climate catastrophe. This sounds bad, but according to a study conducted on 310 adults in the US, watching scary films can help us feel more prepared, resilient and less alone in situations such as the pandemic. So, it looks like cli-fi is here to stay – and there seem to be some benefits. Whether it’s there to educate, entertain or prepare you for a climate crisis, it might have a role to play.大多数气候电影不仅是轰动一时的动作片，而且还利用我们对某些人认为气候灾难即将到来的厄运的恐惧。这听起来很糟糕，但根据对美国 310 名成年人进行的一项研究，观看恐怖电影可以帮助我们在大流行等情况下感到更有准备、更有弹性、更少孤独。所以，看起来 cli-fi 将继续存在——而且似乎有一些好处。无论是为了教育、娱乐还是为应对气候危机做准备，它都可能发挥作用。词汇表time travel 时间旅行science fiction film 科幻电影climate fiction 气候变化类虚构作品，简称 “cli-fi”genre （艺术）类型disaster film 灾难片solar flare 太阳耀斑ice age 冰河时代devastate 毁灭，摧毁swamp 淹没threaten 威胁到，危及trope （艺术作品中的）典型形象、主题hero （男）主角，（男）主人公heroine 女主角，女主人公plot 故事情节plausible 可信的，有道理的edutainment 寓教于乐，“educational entertainment” 的缩写blockbuster （尤指商业）大片action film 动作片impending （坏事）迫在眉睫的catastrophe 灾难

Should you eat to live or live to eat?... a question posed by French playwright Moliere in his work ‘The Miser’. While eating is functional, and our bodies need the fuel that food provides, dining with friends or loved ones can be a wonderful experience. However, some of us often find ourselves reserving a table for one in a restaurant. But is dining alone really that bad? Maybe not.你应该为生活而吃还是为吃而活着？...法国剧作家莫里哀在他的作品《守财奴》中提出的一个问题。虽然吃饭是功能性的，我们的身体需要食物提供的燃料，但与朋友或亲人一起用餐可能是一种美妙的体验。然而，我们中的一些人经常发现自己在餐厅为一个人预订一张桌子。但是一个人吃饭真的那么糟糕吗？也许不吧。We all have foods we like and dislike. Maybe it’s a pungent cheese or stinky fish. We sometimes hold back on things that may offend the noses of others. When dining alone, we can consume whatever we like, with the added bonus that we might be able to eat more healthily. Often, if you want a salad and your significant other wants some less healthy cuisine, you end up ordering the same. And if you don’t get the same, you might end up with food envy as you watch someone chow down on a pizza while you’re left holding the lettuce.我们都有自己喜欢和不喜欢的食物。也许是辛辣的奶酪或臭鱼。我们有时会对可能冒犯他人鼻子的事情有所保留。一个人吃饭的时候，我们可以吃任何我们喜欢的东西，额外的好处是我们可以吃得更健康。通常，如果你想要一份沙拉，而你的另一半想要一些不太健康的菜肴，你最终会点同样的。如果你没有得到相同的结果，你可能会嫉妒食物，因为你看着有人在比萨上大吃一惊，而你却拿着生菜。Have you ever spent too long debating with people which restaurant to eat in or when to meet? If dining solo, you can make the choice depending on your culinary desires at that moment and get your nourishment at exactly the time you’re hungry! And why does it have to be a restaurant? You could eat in a park, garden or even your bed – the point is, the choice is yours! That alone time also means it’s a time to switch off. According to psychologist Sherrie Bourg Carter, a bit of solitude can help your brain to unwind and may help you concentrate more.你有没有和人们争论过在哪家餐厅吃饭或什么时候见面？如果是独自用餐，您可以根据当时的烹饪欲望做出选择，并在您饥饿的时候获取您的营养！为什么它必须是餐厅？您可以在公园、花园甚至您的床上用餐——关键是，选择权在您手中！独处的时间也意味着是时候关闭了。根据心理学家雪莉·布尔格·卡特 (Sherrie Bourg Carter) 的说法，一点独处可以帮助你的大脑放松，并可以帮助你更加集中注意力。Finally, for some, dining alone can be a necessity. For those of us who suffer from misophonia, a hatred of sound, that can in some cause PTSD, the noise of someone else masticating can be unbearable. Eating alone can save you from the extreme anxiety that may arise listening to someone smack their lips or the sloshing of saliva in their mouths! So, is eating alone bad? Well, it may not be for everyone, but there certainly are some benefits to it. Try it sometime – you might just like it!最后，对于某些人来说，独自用餐可能是必要的。对于我们这些患有恐音症的人来说，对声音的厌恶，在某些情况下会导致创伤后应激障碍，其他人咀嚼的噪音可能是难以忍受的。一个人吃饭可以让你免于因听到某人咂嘴或唾液在嘴里晃动而产生的极度焦虑！那么，一个人吃饭不好吗？好吧，它可能并不适合所有人，但它肯定有一些好处。找个时间试试——你可能会喜欢的！词汇表fuel 燃料，这里比喻食物所提供的能量dine 用餐，吃饭reserve 订位，预约pungent （气味或味道）强烈刺鼻的stinky 难闻的，臭的consume （大量地）吃，喝cuisine 菜肴order 点菜food envy 嫉妒其他人在吃的美味菜肴chow down 吃掉dine solo 独自就餐culinary 饮食方面的，食物的nourishment 营养，提供营养的食物masticate 咀嚼smack one’s lips （吃东西时）咂嘴saliva 口水

Have you ever made a promise to yourself that you didn’t keep? Commonly, when the new year ticks over, we make resolutions: going to the gym, studying harder or giving up a bad habit. Sadly, not long after we’ve made the promise, we often end up breaking them. But what if you want to create a new good habit? Well, it’s possible, but willpower might not be the only thing you need.你有没有对自己做出过没有兑现的承诺？通常，当新的一年过去时，我们会下定决心：去健身房，努力学习或戒掉一个坏习惯。可悲的是，在我们做出承诺后不久，我们往往最终违背了它们。但是如果你想养成一个新的好习惯呢？嗯，这是可能的，但意志力可能不是你唯一需要的。The basic idea of a habit is something we do almost unconsciously, as if you’re on autopilot. An example of this would be having breakfast or saying ‘please’ and ‘thank you’. Good habits can be part of your daily routine. But if we don’t have those habits, how can we create them? According to a study published by the European Journal of Social Psychology, it takes an average of 66 days to form a new habit. However, relying only on determination may not be the answer.习惯的基本概念是我们几乎无意识地做的事情，就好像你在自动驾驶仪上一样。这方面的一个例子是吃早餐或说“请”和“谢谢”。良好的习惯可以成为您日常生活的一部分。但是如果我们没有这些习惯，我们怎么能创造它们呢？根据欧洲社会心理学杂志发表的一项研究，形成一个新习惯平均需要 66 天。然而，仅仅依靠决心未必是答案。Questioning why you want something to be the norm rather than relying on your resolve could be the key. Do you want to lose weight because you want to be healthier or feel more attractive? The issue is, willpower could be subject to your mood – a bad mood may mean you don’t want to do something.质疑为什么你想让某事成为常态而不是依靠你的决心可能是关键。你想减肥是因为你想变得更健康还是更有吸引力？问题是，意志力可能取决于你的心情——心情不好可能意味着你不想做某事。You should also avoid trying to change too much at once – remember that it’s a case of baby steps. Giving up all your favourite foods, going to the gym, and stopping drinking at the same time will probably result in failure rather than sustainable practice. And don’t worry about failing – just start again!你还应该避免一次尝试改变太多——记住这是一个婴儿步骤的例子。放弃所有你最喜欢的食物，去健身房，同时停止饮酒可能会导致失败而不是可持续的练习。不要担心失败 - 重新开始！Finally, don’t do things outside your comfort zone. If you hate mushrooms, don’t persevere and try to add them to your diet just to be healthier. Eat something you like! It might not be quick, but if you follow these tips, you may be able to change something for the better or kick a bad habit.最后，不要做超出舒适区的事情。如果你讨厌蘑菇，不要坚持下去，试着将它们添加到你的饮食中，只是为了更健康。吃你喜欢的东西！它可能不会很快，但如果你遵循这些提示，你也许可以改变一些东西，或者改掉一个坏习惯。词汇表make a promise 作出承诺resolution 决定，决心give up 戒除（习惯）break 打破，违背（诺言）willpower 意志力，毅力unconsciously 不知不觉地on autopilot （像开启自动驾驶模式一样）无意识地做，习惯性地做daily routine 例行公事，日常琐事form 养成（习惯）determination 决心norm 常态resolve （正式的）决心，决意baby step （为实现目标迈出的）小步sustainable 可持续的，能长期坚持的practice 做法，惯例comfort zone 舒适区persevere 锲而不舍，持之以恒change something for the better 改进，使…变得更好kick 改掉，戒除（坏习惯）

‘We are what we eat’ – or so the saying goes. From calorie-inducing meals to low-fat lunches, much of our health depends on what we eat. We know about the benefits of eating properly for our physical wellbeing, but food – and cooking it – is proving to be good for our mental wellbeing as well.“我们就是我们吃的东西”——或者俗话说。从卡路里诱导餐到低脂午餐，我们的健康很大程度上取决于我们吃的东西。我们知道正确饮食对身体健康的好处，但事实证明，食物——以及烹饪——也对我们的心理健康有益。Some people are now advocating the therapeutic value of cooking food. It’s not just about the end result but the experience someone goes through. Dr Mark Salter, a consultant psychiatrist, told the BBC: “Baking and cooking are good occupational therapies that help patients develop planning skills, short-term memory and social skills – all of which suffer in mental illness.”有些人现在提倡烹饪食物的治疗价值。这不仅与最终结果有关，还与某人经历的经历有关。顾问精神病学家马克·索尔特博士告诉 BBC：“烘焙和烹饪是很好的职业疗法，可以帮助患者发展计划技能、短期记忆和社交技能——所有这些都患有精神疾病。”TV chef and author Nadiya Hussain agrees that cooking is great for helping our mind. She loves to bake and became the champion of the TV show, The Great British Bake Off. She says that “Baking’s always been about therapy... It’s never really been about the cake.” And she thinks that baking is an important tool for our socialisation and mental health.电视厨师和作家 Nadiya Hussain 同意烹饪对帮助我们的大脑很有帮助。她喜欢烘焙，并成为电视节目 The Great British Bake Off 的冠军。她说：“烘焙一直都是关于治疗的……从来都不是关于蛋糕的。”她认为烘焙是我们社交和心理健康的重要工具。Certainly, creating some delicious food has helped some of us get through the recent lockdown; it’s helped take our mind off things and given us something to do. People have said that kneading dough to make bread, for example, has given them a sense of calm and control. Research has shown that doing creative tasks, like cooking, makes us feel happier. Nicole Farmer, who studies how food impacts our biology, behaviour and mental health, told BBC online that “cooking represents the shared human experience of food, and nurturing people through food, so I think that’s where it incorporates opportunity for immediate positive emotions.”当然，创造一些美味的食物帮助我们中的一些人度过了最近的封锁；它帮助我们转移注意力，让我们有事可做。例如，人们说，揉面团做面包给了他们一种平静和控制的感觉。研究表明，做一些创造性的工作，比如做饭，会让我们感觉更快乐。研究食物如何影响我们的生物学、行为和心理健康的妮可法默在网上告诉 BBC，“烹饪代表了人类对食物的共同体验，并通过食物来养育人们，所以我认为这就是它结合了立即产生积极情绪的机会的地方。”Of course, cooking can be a very sociable activity and sharing the end result, a rewarding experience. Hopefully, as we start to mix with friends and family again, we can enjoy the benefits once more and put us all in the right frame of mind.当然，烹饪可以是一项非常社交的活动，并且可以分享最终结果，这是一种有益的体验。希望当我们再次开始与朋友和家人交往时，我们可以再次享受这些好处，并使我们所有人都处于正确的心态。词汇表benefit 好处，益处wellbeing 健康，安康therapeutic 有益身心健康的psychiatrist 精神科医生occupational therapies 作业疗法，职能治疗social skills 社交技能mental illness 心理疾病mind 精神，心理socialisation 社会化mental health 心理健康get through 熬过（困难的时期）take our mind off 不去想、忘掉（烦心事）sense of calm 宁静感nurture 精心照顾，滋养rewarding 令人受益匪浅的，有意义的frame of mind 心境，心态

Our working lives are becoming more flexible. The coronavirus pandemic has made us rethink how and where we work. For many, working from home has become the new norm, with some people finding the cosiest place to do this is in bed! But is this really the best place for your mind and body to carry out your job?我们的工作生活变得更加灵活。冠状病毒大流行使我们重新思考我们的工作方式和地点。对于许多人来说，在家工作已成为新常态，有些人发现在家工作最舒适的地方就是在床上！但这真的是您的身心开展工作的最佳场所吗？A ‘duvet day’ used to be an informal way of describing taking a day off sick from work, but with improvements in technology, such as good wi-fi, you can now do most of your work tasks reclining in bed while still tucked under your duvet and maybe snuggled up in your pyjamas. The benefits are obvious: no travel time to work, no need to get dressed or even get out of bed – unless you want a cup of tea!“羽绒被日”曾经是一种非正式的方式来描述请病假一天，但随着技术的进步，例如良好的无线网络，您现在可以躺在床上完成大部分工作任务，同时仍然蜷缩在床上你的羽绒被，也许依偎在你的睡衣里。好处是显而易见的：不需要上班时间，不需要穿衣服，甚至不需要起床——除非你想喝杯茶！The trend seems to be growing. But for some, it’s not a matter of choice – it might be the only spare space in their home where they can work. According to a BBC online article “this is especially true of young workers; in the UK, workers aged 18 to 34 are the least likely to have a proper desk and chair and are twice as likely to work from bed than older workers.”趋势似乎在增长。但对一些人来说，这不是选择的问题——这可能是他们家中唯一可以工作的空闲空间。根据 BBC 在线文章，“对于年轻工人来说尤其如此；在英国，18 岁至 34 岁的工人最不可能拥有合适的桌椅，而且在床上工作的可能性是年长工人的两倍。”Online retailers have reported a huge increase in people searching for laptop stands and support pillows. Although they might make the bed-working regime more comfortable, the reality is that your long-term health, particularly your posture, could suffer. Your neck, back, hips and more are all strained when you’re on a soft surface that encourages you to slump or sprawl.在线零售商报告称，搜索笔记本电脑支架和支撑枕头的人数大幅增加。尽管它们可能会使卧床工作更加舒适，但现实情况是您的长期健康，尤其是您的姿势，可能会受到影响。当您在柔软的表面上时，您的脖子、背部、臀部和其他部位都会感到紧张，这会促使您瘫倒或四肢伸展。Working from bed can also affect your mental health. Sophie Bostock, founder of The Sleep Scientist, told the BBC: “If you don’t have a good day at work, you start to change your associations with your bed as being about stress, deadlines, an awkward conversation with your boss.” Stress, of course, can lead to insomnia and the only cure for that is a long Zoom work meeting to help you doze off!卧床工作也会影响您的心理健康。The Sleep Scientist 的创始人 Sophie Bostock 对 BBC 说：“如果你一天的工作不愉快，你就会开始改变你对床的联想，因为它们是关于压力、截止日期、与老板的尴尬谈话。”当然，压力会导致失眠，唯一的治疗方法是召开长时间的 Zoom 工作会议，帮助您打瞌睡！词汇表new norm 新常态cosy 温暖舒适的，惬意的duvet day “卧被偷懒假”，员工在感到劳累或稍有不适时可享受的一天假期recline 向后倚靠tuck under 卧在、缩在…下面snuggle up 舒适地躺，偎倚pyjamas 睡衣裤laptop stand 笔记本电脑支架support pillow 支撑颈背等部位的背靠式枕头bed-working 在床上办公的，卧床工作的comfortable 舒适的，舒服的posture （坐立的）姿势strained （身体部位）使用过度的，负担过大的slump 驼背弯腰地坐着sprawl 摊开四肢坐，懒散地瘫坐stress 紧张，压力insomnia 失眠doze off 打瞌睡，睡着

The chicken or the egg – which came first? It’s probably one of the most commonly cited paradoxes – a chicken hatches from an egg, so the egg came first, right? But then what laid the egg? The two ideas seem contradictory, and that’s exactly what a paradox is – a problem that seemingly has no definitive solution and can’t be logically solved.先有鸡还是先有蛋？这可能是最常被引用的悖论之一——鸡从鸡蛋中孵化出来，所以鸡蛋是第一位的，对吧？但后来是什么生了蛋？这两个想法似乎是矛盾的，而这正是悖论的本质——一个看似没有明确解决方案且无法从逻辑上解决的问题。And paradoxes don’t just exist in philosophical debates but also in our daily lives. How can work be flexible but maintain structure? How can we switch off if we’re working from home? Two contrasting ideas could cause people stress, but what if we accept the contradiction and change the way we look at it? This is what some experts call the ‘paradox mindset’.悖论不仅存在于哲学辩论中，也存在于我们的日常生活中。工作如何灵活但保持结构？如果我们在家工作，我们怎么能关掉？两种截然不同的想法可能会给人们带来压力，但如果我们接受矛盾并改变看待它的方式呢？这就是一些专家所说的“悖论心态”。A paradox consists of two realities that exist at the same time – even though that seems impossible. If you embrace just one of those realities and ignore the other, it can cause problems. For example, embracing change may lead to burn-out, while embracing stability may lead to boredom. Some experts have found the acceptance of both realities and a willingness to embrace them can improve both creativity and productivity by allowing you to navigate a path through the contradictions.悖论由同时存在的两个现实组成——尽管这似乎是不可能的。如果你只接受其中一个现实而忽略另一个，它可能会导致问题。例如，拥抱变化可能会导致倦怠，而拥抱稳定可能会导致无聊。一些专家发现，接受这两种现实并愿意接受它们，可以让你在矛盾中找到一条道路，从而提高创造力和生产力。A 1996 study of geniuses by Albert Rothenberg found that those thinkers spent time considering opposites and antitheses. Consider Einstein. The theory of relativity was born out of the paradox that something could be moving and stationary at the same time, depending on perspective.Albert Rothenberg 1996 年对天才的一项研究发现，这些思想家花时间考虑对立面和对立面。考虑爱因斯坦。相对论诞生于这样一个悖论，即某物可以同时运动和静止，这取决于视角。So, having a ‘paradox mindset’ and accepting the bigger picture may help you to better understand problems. It could also make you happier knowing that contradictions exist. As a result, it may lead you to improving your productivity and creativity. If it worked for Einstein, maybe it could be good for you too!因此，拥有“悖论思维”并接受更大的图景可能会帮助您更好地理解问题。知道矛盾的存在也可以让你更快乐。因此，它可能会引导您提高生产力和创造力。如果它对爱因斯坦有用，也许它对你也有好处！词汇表idea 想法contradictory 自相矛盾的，对立的paradox 悖论，矛盾的情况solution 解决办法logically 合乎逻辑地philosophical 哲学的flexible 灵活变通的structure 结构，条理switch off 不再考虑（工作）contrasting 截然不同的contradiction 矛盾mindset 思维方式，思维模式embrace 欣然接受burn-out 极度劳累creativity 创造力productivity 生产力navigate 设法应付antithesis 对立，对立面，复数为 “antitheses”theory 学说，理论perspective 思考角度，观点

‘Time waits for no man’ – or so the saying goes. We can’t stop time and we can’t control it, although sometimes, in our minds, we think time flies – for example, when the weekend arrives, we feel it’s over in no time! But if this year in particular feels like it’s passing more quickly than others have done, there could be a scientific explanation why.“时间不等人”——或者俗话说。我们无法停止时间，也无法控制它，尽管有时在我们的脑海中，我们认为时间过得很快——例如，当周末到来时，我们觉得它很快就结束了！但如果特别是今年感觉它比其他人过得更快，那么可能会有一个科学的解释。Of course, we know a year is usually 365 days long. Clever scientists calculated this a long time ago. They also worked out that every four years, we need an extra day to keep our calendar in sync – this is called a leap year. But 2021 isn’t one of those years, and yet it’s not behaving like a normal year. Scientists and astrophysicists have done the math and discovered the Earth is moving faster than it ever has in the last 50 years. This means that 2021 is going to be the shortest year in decades.当然，我们知道一年通常是 365 天。聪明的科学家很久以前就计算过了。他们还计算出，每四年，我们需要额外的一天来保持我们的日历同步——这被称为闰年。但 2021 年不是这样的年份，但它的表现也不像正常年份。科学家和天体物理学家进行了数学计算，发现地球的运动速度比过去 50 年的任何时候都快。这意味着2021年将是几十年来最短的一年。Apparently, this is because the Earth is spinning faster on its axis, quicker than it has done in decades, and the days are therefore shorter. But they are only short by a tiny amount – around 0.05 milliseconds – so don’t panic if you haven’t noticed! However, long-term these milliseconds add up. Astrophysicist Graham Jones and Konstantin Bikos from Time and Date told The Independent newspaper: “If the Earth’s rotation continues to quicken, we may at some point require a negative leap second. If this happens, our clocks would skip a second in order to keep up with the hurrying Earth.” Since 1972, 27 leap seconds have only been added to our time and none have been taken away.显然，这是因为地球绕轴自转的速度比它几十年来的速度更快，因此白昼更短。但它们只是短了一点点——大约 0.05 毫秒——所以如果你没有注意到，不要惊慌！但是，从长远来看，这些毫秒加起来。 Time and Date 的天体物理学家 Graham Jones 和 Konstantin Bikos 告诉《独立报》：“如果地球自转继续加快，我们可能在某个时候需要负闰秒。如果发生这种情况，我们的时钟会跳过一秒钟，以跟上快速的地球。”自 1972 年以来，我们的时间只增加了 27 个闰秒，没有一个被取消。This really is only of concern for atomic clocks – the most accurate timekeeping devices in history. Studying the Earth’s rotation and then subtracting or adding a leap second to these clocks can ensure they remain aligned and keep us on time. But now, maybe we need to get a move on before this ‘shorter’ year is gone in a split second!这真的只关心原子钟——历史上最精确的计时设备。研究地球的自转，然后在这些时钟上减去或增加闰秒，可以确保它们保持对齐并让我们准时。但是现在，也许我们需要在这个“更短”的一年在一瞬间过去之前采取行动！词汇表time waits for no man 时间不等人time flies 光阴似箭，时光飞逝in no time 很快，立刻calculate 计算in sync 同步的leap year 闰年do the math 进行计算millisecond 毫秒add up 积少成多negative leap second 负闰秒keep up with 跟上，不落后于…hurrying 急忙（做某事）的，这里指地球自转速度快的atomic clock 原子钟accurate 精准的，准确的timekeeping 计时aligned 校准的on time 准时的in a split second 在一刹那，在一瞬间

From pixel representations of table tennis in the 1970s to modern day cinematic storytelling, video games have evolved a lot and become more immersive. But it’s not just the graphics and gameplay mechanics that have changed – it has also opened up a range of career options, including that of professional gamer.从 1970 年代乒乓球的像素表示到现代电影叙事，电子游戏已经发展了很多，变得更加身临其境。但不仅仅是图形和游戏机制发生了变化——它还开辟了一系列职业选择，包括职业玩家的职业选择。When gaming first started, those who loved video games and wanted to make a career out of them often ended up as developers, testers or coders. While there were competitions, sometimes held worldwide, in which amateur gamers could win money or prizes, it wasn’t really considered a career path until the late 2000s, when live streaming really took off and gamers became celebrities.当游戏刚开始时，那些热爱电子游戏并希望以此为职业的人通常最终成为开发人员、测试人员或编码人员。虽然有时在世界范围内举行比赛，业余游戏玩家可以赢钱或奖品，但直到 2000 年代后期才真正被视为职业道路，当时直播真正起飞，游戏玩家成为名人。With e-sports now an integral part of gaming, what does a professional gamer’s life look like? The key, according to many pro-gamers, is practice – the same with many sports. While choosing the best peripherals is important, such as the right controller or keyboard, most pro-gamers spend hours every day working out hacks to save time or improve their chances of winning. And it’s not just while playing games that they need to be active, but also in real life. Exercising and stretching is vital to avoid injuries to their backs and wrists and preventing eye fatigue from spending long hours staring at monitors by taking regular screen breaks.随着电子竞技成为游戏不可或缺的一部分，职业游戏玩家的生活会是什么样子？根据许多职业选手的说法，关键是练习——许多运动也是如此。虽然选择最好的外围设备很重要，例如正确的控制器或键盘，但大多数职业游戏玩家每天都会花费数小时来解决问题，以节省时间或提高获胜的机会。他们不仅需要在玩游戏时保持活跃，而且在现实生活中也是如此。锻炼和伸展运动对于避免背部和手腕受伤以及通过定期屏幕休息来防止眼睛疲劳长时间盯着显示器至关重要。But it’s not just the physical aspects that gamers need to be careful with. According to some experts, like Dr Phil Birch, while the physical demands of e-sports and traditional sports are very different, the psychological impacts can be similar: regulating emotions, dealing with pressure and big crowds, and overcoming injury are just some of the common factors.但这不仅仅是游戏玩家需要注意的物理方面。一些专家如 Phil Birch 博士认为，虽然电子竞技和传统运动对身体的要求有很大不同，但对心理的影响可能是相似的：调节情绪、应对压力和大人群、克服伤害只是其中的一部分。共同因素。So, while the life of a pro-gamer may sound fun with lots of button bashing, just remember that it takes a lot of discipline and hard work to do it full-time.因此，虽然职业玩家的生活可能听起来很有趣，但要记住，全职工作需要大量的纪律和努力。词汇表pixel 像素immersive 身临其境的，有沉浸感的graphics 图像gameplay mechanics 游戏玩法机制developers 开发人员testers 测试人员coders 编码人员competitions 竞赛，比赛amateur gamers 业余玩家live streaming 线上直播e-sports 电子竞技peripherals （计算机）外围设备，外部设备controller 手柄keyboard 键盘hacks 窍门，技巧in real life 在现实生活中eye fatigue 眼睛疲劳monitors 显示屏，显示器screen breaks 为避免长时间盯着屏幕的休息时间button bashing 用力敲打游戏设备上的按钮

You may well have heard of the term ‘spring cleaning’: the act of giving your house a deep clean in the spring months. Even though, for many of us, that ritual of a once-a-year blitz of dirt and grime is dying out, some of us still practise it. However, there could be a good reason the tradition isn’t as popular as it was.您可能听说过“春季大扫除”这个词：在春季对您的房子进行深度清洁。尽管对我们中的许多人来说，每年一次的尘土和污垢闪电战的仪式正在消失，但我们中的一些人仍在实践它。然而，这个传统不像以前那么受欢迎可能是有充分理由的。The spring months are associated with new life and warmth – a stark contrast to the cold, gloomy winter that preceded. For protection against the freezing weather outside, people would seal their doors and windows as best they could to keep the heat in. In a time when many houses had fireplaces, open fires would churn out smoke and soot, coating rooms with layers of muck and gunk.春天的几个月与新的生活和温暖有关——与之前寒冷、阴沉的冬天形成鲜明对比。为了抵御外面的寒冷天气，人们会尽可能地密封门窗以保持热量。在许多房屋都有壁炉的时代，明火会产生烟雾和煤烟，使房间涂上一层层的泥土和垃圾。It therefore made sense for people to start cleaning in the spring, when the weather was warmer and windows opened, to freshen up their houses, swabbing the floors and cleaning the walls. However, open fires are no longer commonplace in modern British homes, with people preferring central heating to filthy smoke. And it’s not just the way of heating our homes that has changed. In the past, cleaning was designated to specific times and days, as simple chores like washing clothes took a long time. The rise of gadgets such as the washing machine means that tasks are quicker and more efficient.因此，人们在春天开始打扫卫生是很有意义的，那时天气暖和，窗户打开，让他们的房子焕然一新，擦拭地板和清洁墙壁。然而，在现代英国家庭中，明火已不再常见，人们更喜欢中央供暖而不是肮脏的烟雾。改变的不仅仅是我们家的取暖方式。过去，清洁是指定时间和日期，因为洗衣服等简单的家务需要很长时间。洗衣机等小工具的兴起意味着任务更快、更高效。However, psychologists such as Dr Jonathan Fader, argue that the mental health benefits of clearing the house of mess means that a spring clean is hugely positive. The perception of your house being cluttered can cause the stress hormone cortisol to rise.然而，乔纳森·费德博士等心理学家认为，清理乱七八糟的房子对心理健康的好处意味着春季大扫除是非常积极的。感觉你的房子杂乱无章会导致压力荷尔蒙皮质醇升高。So, while the tradition is still there, and it’s nice to have a big purge of dirt once in a while, it is no longer as necessary – or limited to just the spring. That said, the psychological benefits of having a tidy home means that a once-a-year purge of unnecessary items, rather than dirt, can make you feel much better.所以，虽然传统仍然存在，偶尔大扫除污垢是件好事，但它不再是必要的——或者仅限于春天。也就是说，拥有一个整洁家的心理好处意味着，每年清理一次不必要的物品，而不是污垢，可以让你感觉好多了。词汇表deep clean 深度清洁blitz 突击、集中力量的清洁dirt 灰尘grime 污垢soot 煤灰muck 脏东西gunk 脏的黏性物质freshen up 使…洁净，使…变得焕然一新swab （用拖把或湿布）擦洗filthy 肮脏的chore 家庭杂务，日常琐事washing machine 洗衣机clearing 清洁，整理mess 脏乱的东西cluttered 堆得乱七八糟的，杂乱的purge 清理tidy 整洁的

The telephone was an amazing invention. People could finally speak to each other instantly from one home to another. The mobile phone took this technology further, meaning we could make contact with people to and from almost anywhere in the world. But despite having the instant ability to talk to one another, it seems many of us prefer to communicate by text.电话是一项了不起的发明。人们终于可以从一个家到另一个家立即相互交谈。手机进一步推动了这项技术，这意味着我们可以与世界上几乎任何地方的人联系。但是，尽管我们有即时相互交谈的能力，但我们中的许多人似乎更喜欢通过文本进行交流。I don’t mean we have taken up letter writing again. Although a handwritten letter has a personal touch, sending it by snail mail is too slow to satisfy our desire to keep in touch immediately. But what our smartphones now allow us to do is enable us to communicate in any number of quick, cheap but silent ways. A study in the UK a few years ago found 49 per cent of teenagers preferred to send a text rather than speak to someone.我并不是说我们又开始写信了。虽然手写信具有个人风格，但通过普通邮件发送太慢，无法满足我们立即保持联系的愿望。但是我们的智能手机现在允许我们做的是使我们能够以任意数量的快速、廉价但无声的方式进行通信。几年前在英国进行的一项研究发现，49% 的青少年更喜欢发短信而不是与某人交谈。Certainly sending an SMS, text or message via a chat app means we can compose what we want to say, and we can be more efficient in saying it – especially if we express ourselves by using emojis. It can also be quicker than having to chat with someone, although I feel you can still end up wasting time by having a full discussion by text! Text messaging also allows privacy – other people can’t overhear your text if you’re in a public place such as on a train.当然，通过聊天应用程序发送短信、文本或消息意味着我们可以编写我们想说的话，而且我们可以更有效率地说出来——尤其是当我们使用表情符号表达自己的时候。它也可以比与某人聊天更快，尽管我觉得你仍然可以通过文字进行全面讨论来浪费时间！短信还可以保护隐私——如果您在公共场所（例如火车上），其他人无法偷听您的短信。But texting instead of talking can seem antisocial; we may even forget the art of pleasantries. A text can be misinterpreted too because you miss out on a speaker’s intonation. Neuroscientist Professor Sophie Scott told the BBC: “We always speak with melody and intonation to our voice… you take that channel of information out of communication, you lose another way that sense is being conveyed.”但是发短信而不是说话似乎是反社会的。我们甚至可能忘记寒暄的艺术。文本也可能被误解，因为你错过了说话者的语调。神经科学家索菲·斯科特教授告诉英国广播公司：“我们说话时总是带着旋律和语调……你把信息渠道从交流中拿走，你就失去了传达感觉的另一种方式。”Of course texting and talking is the worst thing to do. Who deserves your attention when two people are communicating with you? It’s then we have to decide who has the most interesting thing to say!当然，发短信和说话是最糟糕的事情。当两个人与你交流时，谁值得你关注？然后我们必须决定谁有最有趣的事情要说！词汇表instantly 立即地，马上地mobile phone 手机make contact with 与（人）取得联系text 短信personal touch 人情味，人性化色彩snail mail 传统信件，平信keep in touch 保持联系smartphone 智能手机SMS (short message service) 手机短信服务chat app 聊天软件compose 撰写（信息，信函等）express ourselves 表达我们的想法或感受emoji 表情符号text messaging 发短信privacy 隐私antisocial 不爱社交的，不合群的pleasantry 客套话intonation 语调，腔调convey 表达，传达

Are you learning another language? Maybe you’re trying to get to grips with it for work or study, or maybe you’re trying to master it just for the fun of it? Language learning is nothing new, of course, but technology has made it easier than ever to grasp.你在学习另一种语言吗？也许您正试图在工作或学习中掌握它，或者您可能只是为了乐趣而试图掌握它？当然，语言学习并不是什么新鲜事，但技术让它比以往任何时候都更容易掌握。The popularity of language-learning apps in particular has boomed around the world, especially as more people are working or studying at home. They are usually easy and convenient to use because you can access them on your smartphone. And apps can offer languages not popular enough to be taught at evening classes or schools or universities.特别是语言学习应用程序的流行在全球范围内蓬勃发展，尤其是随着越来越多的人在家工作或学习。它们通常易于使用，因为您可以在智能手机上访问它们。应用程序可以提供不够流行的语言，无法在夜校或学校或大学教授。Many of us are aiming to be bilingual to enable us to communicate with people around the world. But, maybe surprisingly, it’s the British, who are not renowned for their enthusiasm for language learning, who are leading the way in the growth of these apps. US firm Duolingo told the BBC that in 2020 new user numbers globally were up 67% compared with 2019, while in the UK they shot up by 132%, almost double the worldwide average. And London-based Busuu, saw a similar trend for learners based in the UK.我们中的许多人的目标是使用双语，以使我们能够与世界各地的人交流。但是，也许令人惊讶的是，引领这些应用程序发展的却是英国人，他们并不以对语言学习的热情而闻名。美国公司 Duolingo 告诉 BBC，2020 年全球新用户数量与 2019 年相比增长了 67%，而在英国则增长了 132%，几乎是全球平均水平的两倍。总部位于伦敦的 Busuu 在英国的学习者中也看到了类似的趋势。But for anyone trying their hand at a new language, what motivates them to carry on learning when there isn’t a teacher around to manage their progress? Colin Watkins from Duolingo told the BBC that for UK learners at least, “people are learning because of culture, brain training, family, and relationships, along with school and travel. We want a positive use of our time, and to do something productive on our phones.” The recent lockdowns have given us more time to do this. Certainly, becoming bilingual or a polyglot is a good thing, and it helps us to bring the world a little closer together.但是对于任何尝试学习一门新语言的人来说，当周围没有老师来管理他们的进步时，是什么激励他们继续学习呢？来自 Duolingo 的 Colin Watkins 告诉 BBC，至少对于英国的学习者来说，“人们在学习是因为文化、大脑训练、家庭和人际关系，还有学校和旅行。我们希望积极利用我们的时间，并在我们的手机上做一些富有成效的事情。”最近的封锁给了我们更多的时间来做到这一点。当然，成为双语或多语种是一件好事，它有助于我们把世界拉得更近一点。词汇表get to grips with something 认真理解并学习master 掌握，精通grasp 理解，掌握convenient 方便的，省事的access 使用，访问smartphone 智能手机evening class 夜校课程bilingual 能用两种语言的communicate 交流enthusiasm 热情，热忱shoot up 猛增，暴涨double 两倍的try one’s hand 试试手，尝试motivate 激发…的积极性progress 进度brain training 头脑训练，智力开发productive 富有成效的polyglot 通晓多种语言的人

Ask most people which day of the week they dread the most and the answer is likely to be Monday. The first day of the week can make us grouchy and depressed, which is why the feeling is described as the Monday blues. But what is it exactly that makes us feel down and does it affect everyone?问大多数人他们最害怕一周中的哪一天，答案很可能是星期一。一周的第一天会让我们不高兴和沮丧，这就是为什么这种感觉被描述为星期一忧郁。但究竟是什么让我们感到沮丧，它会影响每个人吗？Apparently, the most depressing day of the year is the third Monday in January, when it’s cold and dark outside. This day was nicknamed ‘Blue Monday’ by psychologist Cliff Arnall in 2004. He came up with it after a holiday company asked him for a ‘scientific formula’ for the January blues.显然，一年中最令人沮丧的一天是一月的第三个星期一，那时外面又冷又黑。 2004 年，心理学家 Cliff Arnall 给这一天起了个绰号“蓝色星期一”。在一家度假公司向他请教一月忧郁症的“科学公式”后，他想出了这一天。Even if there was little science behind the formula, it’s probably true that the sound of our alarm clock on any Monday morning signals the dawning of a new week and possibly the end of our weekend of fun. Research shows our Monday mood can be based on a direct comparison to the day before. It’s what psychologists call an emotional shift, and no other part of the week has a transition like it.即使这个公式背后几乎没有科学依据，但我们在任何一个星期一早上的闹钟响起都可能预示着新一周的开始，也可能是我们周末乐趣的结束。研究表明，我们的周一情绪可以基于与前一天的直接比较。这就是心理学家所说的情绪转变，一周的其他时间都没有这样的转变。Monday means the end of weekend lie-ins – it’s back to the routine and the realisation that there are five days ahead of the nine-to-five, and according to the BBC Bitesize website “If you can’t stand your job then the Monday blues can be very real.” And your miserable Monday is followed by trying Tuesday – the most popular day for sending out job applications.星期一意味着周末撒谎的结束——它回到了例行公事，并意识到在朝九晚五之前还有五天，根据 BBC Bitesize 网站的说法，“如果你不能忍受你的工作，那么星期一的忧郁可能非常真实。”你痛苦的星期一紧随其后的是星期二——这是发送工作申请的最受欢迎的一天。But is Monday as bad as we like to think it is? Feeling a bit low shouldn’t be confused with more serious depression, caused by other factors. Writing for the BBC, author and presenter Claudia Hammond, argues that this low feeling might be a myth. She says: “There is a strong cultural idea that we don’t like Mondays.” She mentions an Australian study in 2008 about how people reflected on their mood and found the day that scored the lowest was in fact Wednesdays. So, when Monday comes, maybe we should give it a second chance!但是星期一真的像我们想象的那么糟糕吗？感觉有点低落不应与由其他因素引起的更严重的抑郁症相混淆。为 BBC 撰稿的作家兼主持人克劳迪娅·哈蒙德 (Claudia Hammond) 认为，这种低落的感觉可能是一个神话。她说：“有一种强烈的文化观念，我们不喜欢星期一。”她提到了 2008 年澳大利亚一项关于人们如何反映自己情绪的研究，发现得分最低的一天实际上是星期三。所以，当星期一来临时，也许我们应该再给它一次机会！词汇表dread 担忧，害怕grouchy 满腹牢骚的，不高兴的depressed 沮丧的Monday blues 星期一忧郁症down 情绪低落的，不高兴的Blue Monday “蓝色星期一”，忧愁的星期一psychologist 心理学家mood 心情，情绪an emotional shift 情绪的转变realisation 意识到miserable 苦不堪言的trying 令人厌烦的low 情绪低落的，消沉的depression 抑郁，忧愁reflect 认真思考，反思

There’s nothing better than a walk in the countryside for lifting our spirits. Connecting with nature has been proven to help our mental health. For some, the best tonic is to stroll through a forest, but as we admire the trees that surround us, it’s worth knowing these trees are doing more than just being nice things to look at.没有什么比在乡间散步更能振奋我们的精神了。事实证明，与大自然联系有助于我们的心理健康。对一些人来说，最好的滋补品是在森林中漫步，但当我们欣赏我们周围的树木时，值得知道这些树木不仅仅是为了好看。We’re already aware of the healing properties of trees – they produce oxygen and clean the air we breathe by absorbing about a quarter of all human-caused carbon dioxide emissions. Deforestation isn’t helping with this which is why so many people want to save them. But there’s more to these impressive forms of vegetation than we might think. Researchers have discovered evidence that proves they are actually intelligent.我们已经意识到树木的愈合特性——它们通过吸收大约四分之一的人为二氧化碳排放来产生氧气并清洁我们呼吸的空气。砍伐森林无济于事，这就是为什么这么多人想要拯救它们的原因。但这些令人印象深刻的植被形式远比我们想象的要多。研究人员发现了证明他们实际上很聪明的证据。It’s thought that trees talk and share resources right under our feet, using a fungal network. Under the ground are tree roots, and mingling among them, along with bacteria, are thousands of superfine threads of fungi, known as hyphae. And research has shown that they are all interconnected. They can help each other by sharing nutrients, and they can even warn of approaching threats. Scientists say it’s like the trees are talking to one another.人们认为树木使用真菌网络在我们脚下交谈和共享资源。地下是树根，与细菌一起混在其中的是成千上万的超细真菌丝，称为菌丝。研究表明，它们都是相互关联的。他们可以通过分享营养来互相帮助，甚至可以警告即将到来的威胁。科学家们说，这就像树木在互相交谈。Ecologist Suzanne Simard has called this network the Wood Wide Web. She discovered that parent trees use this network to help their offspring. Speaking to the BBC, she said: “We found that the parent trees would favour those seedlings that were of their own kin versus the strangers” by sending them more nutrients. She also found that trees are smart enough to change their behaviour and have managed to adapt and survive in a changing environment.生态学家 Suzanne Simard 将这个网络称为 Wood Wide Web。她发现父树使用这个网络来帮助他们的后代。她在接受 BBC 采访时说：“我们发现，与陌生人相比，母树会偏爱那些属于自己亲属的幼苗”，因为它们会为它们提供更多的营养。她还发现树木足够聪明，可以改变它们的行为，并设法在不断变化的环境中适应和生存。So it seems trees really are the stars of our natural world, and with around three trillion of them on our planet, it’s time to show them some respect if we want them to flourish.因此，树木似乎真的是我们自然世界的明星，我们的星球上大约有 3 万亿棵树，如果我们想让它们茁壮成长，是时候向它们表示一些尊重了。词汇表countryside 郊外，乡下lift one’s spirits 振奋精神tonic 使人精神振作的事情forest 森林healing properties 治疗功效oxygen 氧气carbon dioxide emissions 二氧化碳排放deforestation 毁林，大面积砍伐森林vegetation 植被，植物resources 资源fungal network 真菌网络tree root 树根bacteria 细菌fungi 真菌，真菌类植物hyphae 菌丝nutrient 养分，营养物Wood Wide Web “树联网”offspring 后代，产物seedling 幼苗kin 同族，亲戚flourish 茁壮成长

For some people, there’s no better companion than man’s best friend – a dog. This four-legged canine can bring comfort and joy and provide much-needed exercise for you when it needs walkies! This probably explains why dog ownership increased last year because people spent more time at home during the coronavirus pandemic lockdown.对于某些人来说，没有比人类最好的朋友——狗更好的伴侣了。这只四足犬可以带来舒适和快乐，并在需要步行时为您提供急需的锻炼！这可能解释了为什么去年狗的拥有量增加了，因为在冠状病毒大流行封锁期间人们在家里度过了更多的时间。It was demand for puppies in particular that saw the biggest increase. Who couldn’t resist their playful personalities, adorable eyes, and super-soft coats?尤其是对小狗的需求增幅最大。谁无法抗拒他们俏皮的个性、可爱的眼睛和超柔软的外套？However, as demand for a new pooch increased, so did the price tag. Popular breeds, such as Cockapoos and Cocker Spaniels, saw even sharper price increases, and puppies have been selling for £3,000 or more.然而，随着对新狗的需求增加，价格标签也随之增加。受欢迎的品种，如 Cockapoos 和 Cocker Spaniels，价格上涨幅度更大，小狗的售价一直在 3,000 英镑或以上。Animal welfare charities fear that high prices could encourage puppy farming, smuggling or dog theft. And a BBC investigation found some breeders have been selling puppies and kittens on social media sites – something charities have called “extremely irresponsible”.动物福利慈善机构担心高价会鼓励养狗、走私或偷狗。 BBC 的一项调查发现，一些饲养员一直在社交媒体网站上出售幼犬和小猫——慈善机构称之为“极其不负责任”。But despite some new owners purchasing a dog legally, maybe from a rescue centre or registered breeder, they’ve proved to be ill-prepared for life with a new pet, and the pet itself has found it hard to come to terms with life in a new home. Animal behaviourists in the UK have reported a surge in requests to help dogs suffering from fear-aggression after their lives have been turned upside down.但是，尽管一些新主人合法地购买了一只狗，可能是从救援中心或注册的饲养员那里购买的，但事实证明，他们对新宠物的生活准备不足，而且宠物本身发现很难接受生活在一个新家。英国的动物行为学家报告说，在狗的生活被天翻地覆后，帮助遭受恐惧攻击的狗的请求激增。Looking to the future, there are concerns about the welfare of these much-loved pets. Ian Atkin, manager of the Oxfordshire Animal Sanctuary in the UK, told the BBC: “At the moment, the dogs are having a great time, but separation anxiety could still surface when people go back to work.” And Claire Calder from the UK’s Dogs Trust rescue charity says “the economic situation also means that some people may find they can’t afford to look after a dog.” The message is not to buy a puppy in haste and to pick one that fits into your lifestyle.展望未来，人们对这些备受喜爱的宠物的福利感到担忧。英国牛津郡动物保护区经理伊恩·阿特金（Ian Atkin）告诉 BBC：“目前，狗狗们玩得很开心，但当人们重返工作岗位时，分离焦虑仍可能浮出水面。”英国 Dogs Trust 救援慈善机构的 Claire Calder 说：“经济形势也意味着有些人可能会发现他们无力照顾狗。”信息不是匆忙购买一只小狗，而是选择适合您生活方式的小狗。词汇表companion 伴侣man’s best friend 狗canine 犬puppy 小狗，幼犬coat （动物的）皮毛pooch 狗breed 品种Cockapoo 可卡颇犬Cocker Spaniels 可卡犬puppy farming 幼犬养殖smuggling 走私，贩卖breeder 饲养动物的人irresponsible 不负责任的legally 合法地，依法rescue centre 救援中心registered 已注册的pet 宠物animal behaviourist 动物行为学专家fear-aggression 害怕受攻击lives have been turned upside down 生活变得一团糟separation anxiety 分离焦虑症