IMF Podcasts

The uneven distribution of wealth is one of the most debated issues in contemporary politics and economics. In a recently published, best-selling book, Thomas Piketty, explains the historical forces which have resulted in this inequality, and why a global tax on wealth could be the solution.

News of rising inequality is, more often than not, met with much handwringing. But, the growing gap between the super rich and the rest has also been accompanied by the lifting of millions out of poverty.

The future continues to look bright for sub-Saharan Africa, with robust growth expected to accelerate next year. But the IMF also warns of possible threats to the continent's economy coming from outside the region.

Rising inequality around the world is becoming a cause of increasing concern. The IMF is contributing to the debate by suggesting how governments might use tax and spending to reduce the gap between the haves and the have lesses...without slowing down growth.

Why are some countries richer than others? The key may lie in the agricultural sector, says one expert, who suggests that low agricultural productivity may be keeping poor countries in a state of arrested development.

The frequency of natural disasters has increased, and its usually poorer countries that are more affected than the developed. But IMF economists say the right policies can be soften their devastating impact. By Nicole Laframboise, Deputy Division Chief, IMF's Western Hemisphere Department

Over the next two decades, global energy consumption is expected to increase by more than 40 percent, according to the Chief Economist of BP, who describes some of the likely tectonic shifts in the energy sector of the future.

Economists use models to try to make sense of economic trends and shape policies. But, since the financial meltdown of 2008, many have criticized what they see as an overreliance on these models which failed to predict the crisis. The former President of the European Central Bank suggests ways these models might be improved.

Unemployment benefits deter job seekers from accepting work, say critics. But do they? One expert weighs the evidence.

Traditionally, humanitarian workers and development specialists were seen as inhabiting two different worlds, but one expert calls for some joined up thinking to help the people of fragile states.

La croissance de l'économie mondiale devrait s'accélérer cette année, selon le Fonds monétaire international. C'est ce qui ressort de la dernière mise à jour des Perspectives de l'économie mondiale du FMI. Le FMI table sur une croissance mondiale voisine de 3,7 % cette année, qui passerait à 3,9 % en 2015.

Global growth is expected to increase this year, says the International Monetary Fund in its latest report on the health of the global economy. The IMF forecasts global growth to average 3.7 percent in 2014―up from 3 percent in 2013―and to rise to 3.9 percent in 2015.

Africa is one of the fastest growing regions in the world, but the persistence of youth unemployment threatens this progress. Some see this growth without jobs as a ticking time bomb. Lamido Sanusi, the Governor of the central bank of Nigeria explains how to tackle this issue.

Zambia has enjoyed rapid growth in recent years, but the size of its fiscal deficit looms large over its future, says the IMF in a new report on the state of this south African economy.

"A rising tide lifts all boats." That may be true on the oceans, but it's not always the case when it comes to economic growth. But, countries can choose to pursue economic policies that will benefit all—rich and poor alike.

After a decade of strong growth, many emerging markets have experienced an economic slowdown. Martin Wolf, chief economics commentator at the Financial Times, explains how these economies might restore momentum.

In a wide ranging interview, the chief economist of the African development bank gave his thoughts on the African middle class, the state of data in Africa and the continent' stellar economic performance.

The recent slowing growth in emerging markets may continue for the foreseeable future says economist Tim Adams. At a recent seminar on "Emerging Markets: Restoring the Momentum", Adams suggested that this change could be a good thing, heralding more balanced and sustainable growth.

Dans son dernier rapport sur les perspectives économiques de l'Afrique subsaharienne, le Fonds monétaire international prévoit pour la région une croissance de 6 % en 2014, contre 5 % prévus pour cette année. La région bénéficie de l'amélioration de la conjoncture aux niveaux local et mondial.

In the latest economic outlook for sub-Saharan Africa, the International Monetary Fund expects growth to reach 6% in 2014, up from the 5% expected this year. The region is benefiting from improved domestic and global conditions.

Water is the one resource we cannot live without. Yet, in some parts of the world, it remains inaccessible to many. To coincide with his article (http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2013/09/Gleick.htm) in September's "Finance & Development," Peter Gleick argues that we need to radically change how we consume this vital resource.

Le FMI prévoit une croissance de 2,9 % de l'économie mondiale cette année, soit moins que les 3,2 % enregistrés l'année dernière. La croissance sera vraisemblablement tirée par les économies avancées, tandis que les pays émergents afficheront des résultats moins bons que prévu.

Before the global financial crisis, the economies of central, eastern and southeastern Europe were expected to converge to the levels of their richer, western neighbors. But since the crisis, growth has been disappointing. How then to return this region to greater prosperity?

As US politicians race against the clock to avoid the United States defaulting on its debt, Martin Wolf describes what the debt ceiling is, and its implications for the global economy.

In the latest update to its World Economic Outlook, the IMF says it expects the world's economy to grow by 2.9 percent this year—below the 3.2 percent recorded last year. Growth is likely to be driven by advanced economies, while the performance of emerging markets will be weaker than expected.

Despite its many achievements since the transition to majority rule, South Africa struggles with low growth, widespread unemployment, and sharp social tensions. The IMF says Africa's largest economy needs to pursue structural reforms to boost growth and create jobs for a growing population.

The 26-odd countries in the Caribbean may be small, but they are facing many of the same challenges confronting larger nations. These include the need to create more jobs and ensure that any growth is spread across a wide cross section of society. The countries of the Caribbean and various international organizations are meeting in the Bahamas to discuss how to capture that elusive growth.

Kenya is one of the success stories of Africa's economic resurgence. Just a few short years after the global financial crisis caused a sharp economic downturn, the country has rebounded, and earned a reputation as one of the continent's frontier economies. With this strong performance in mind, the Kenya and the IMF will co-host a conference to discuss the country's prospects.

Myanmar has made impressive strides in opening and liberalizing the economy, boosting growth and the economic outlook, but the formerly isolated country still faces some challenges.

Economic growth in the developing world has been accompanied by massive increases in higher education enrollment. This can feed a country's development—but it also puts new pressures on a country's leaders and workers.

As the economies of the developing world expand, new jobs beckon. But Richard Freeman says these countries have seen a surprising persistence of informal sector jobs—which offer low pay and scant worker protection.

Si vous faites partie de ces milliers de gens qui envoient de l'argent à leurs parents et amis à l'étranger, attention! Peut-être faites-vous autant de mal que de bien, selon un économiste du FMI. Ces envois de fonds peuvent certes secourir des familles dans le besoin, mais ils peuvent aussi saper la croissance économique.

If you are one of the hundreds of thousands of people who send money abroad to friends and relatives, beware! You may be doing as much harm as good, suggests one IMF economist. Although these remittances can be a lifeline for families, they can also undermine economic growth.

Developed countries need to be industrious like ants, says economist, Peter Blair Henry. For years they have offered advice to developing countries on the best path to growth. They might benefit from heeding some of their own advice, he suggests.

La croissance de l'économie mondiale est inférieure aux prévisions, note le FMI dans son dernier rapport sur les Perspectives de l'économie mondiale. Le FMI a révisé à la baisse la croissance pour cette année à 3,1 %, et préviens que les risques augmentent en particulier dans les pays émergents.

The global economy is growing more slowly than expected, says the IMF in its latest assessment. It's revise growth downwards to 3.1 percent this year, and warns risks are rising in emerging markets.

Unemployment is a worry around the world, but it's a particularly pressing issue for developing countries with their growing, young population. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can be an important source of new jobs, IF governments provide the them with the right encouragement.

De nombreux pays créent des cartels à fin de contrôler le prix d'importants produits de base, dans le but de tirer le maximum de recettes, ou de protéger d'importants secteurs d'activité locaux. Cependant, nombreux sont ceux qui reprochent aux cartels de pénaliser les consommateurs. Nous examinons le pour et le contre des cartels, en partant de l'exemple de la production du sirop d'érable.

Many countries create cartels to control the price of important commodities because they want to maximize their income or protect key domestic industries. But the use of cartels is criticized for causing higher prices for consumers. We investigate the pros and cons of cartels through the example of the maple syrup industry.

When it comes to borrowing money on the international financial markets, several countries of sub-Saharan Africa can now access money at cheaper rates than some European nations. The change is historic and could open up exciting opportunities for the continent.

Despite outnumbering men as college graduates within OECD countries, women are still underrepresented at the very top managerial levels, particularly in finance and business. In this podcast a group of women veterans of Wall Street describe how they got to Wall Street, what they found there, and offer advice to young women who want to get there. Read the associated article from Finance & Development magazine: http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2013/06/fang.htm

Many of the economies of sub-Saharan Africa are performing better than much of Europe. In fact, the region has just completed one of the best decades of growth since the 1960s. This is because it has learnt lessons from the past, say Uganda's finance minister, Maria Kiwanuka who is optimistic about the outlook for the continent.

More women in sub-Saharan Africa participate in the labor force than in any other region. But, most still face an uphill struggle to make ends meet. For them, the problem isn't finding work—it's the kind of work they do.

La réussite économique d'un pays dépend beaucoup du niveau d'éducation de sa population. Mais Rabah Arezki avance qu'une administration publique hautement éduquée est aussi cruciale pour la croissance.

A country's economic success depends a lot on how educated its population is. But as Rabah Arezki argues in an article in June's issue of Finance & Development, a highly educated civil service, in particular, can help promote growth for all.

Some economists say that a country's exports can determine its economic fate. But William Maloney rejects the idea that exports play such a critical role. He says it's not what you export, but how you do it.

With a gradually improving outlook for the global economy, growth in sub-Saharan Africa is set to strengthen to 5.5%, according to the IMF's latest forecast for the region. But growth patterns vary within the region.

Grâce à l'amélioration progressive des perspectives économiques mondiales, le taux de croissance devrait atteindre 5,5 % en Afrique subsaharienne, selon les dernières prévisions du FMI. Mais ce chiffre masque des disparités au sein de la région.

In recent years, commodity prices have been riding high, and many commodity dependent countries have benefited from these high prices. But this boon is unlikely to last forever: prices may fall, and nations can run out of key commodities.

When a country shifts from being largely based on agrarian economy, to being based on services, or industry, it is said to have undergone structural change. This was the basis of economic development in many Asian countries. Harvard's Dani Rodrik explains why structural change is so critical to development.