This Week in Virology

David Tuller returns to discuss the continuing saga of the UK's PACE trial for chronic fatigue syndrome, including the accusation that he is engaging in libelous blogging. Host: Vincent Racaniello Guest: David Tuller Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode TWiV 397: Trial by Error All articles by David Tuller at virology blog Getting it wrong on chronic fatigue syndrome (NY Times) Esther Crawley slide (Twitter) David's fundraising page Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

The TWiVsters reveal the puppet master: an RNA virus injected with wasp eggs that paralyzes the ladybug so that she protects the cocoon until the adult emerges. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode ASM grant writing online course Who is the puppet master? (Proc Roy Soc B) Why ladybird? Ladybird ladybird Dinocampus coccinellae Image credit Letters read on TWiV 443 Weekly Science Picks Kathy - Science Showcase Video Contest Alan - Biochemical pathways on one chart Rich - 35th America's Cup Vincent - Viruses (pdf) and A whole new Jupiter Listener Pick Peter - Fake typhoid epidemic saves Polish city and Life gets complicated when disease overruns your town Ralph - Dilbert on climate change Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Freelance science journalist Tim Requarth joins the TWiVers to explain why scientists should stop thinking that explaining science will fix information illiteracy. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Guest: Tim Requarth Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Neuwrite JMBE science communication issue Smallpox vaccination day The problem with facts (Fin Times) Countering antivaccination attitudes (PNAS) Effective messages in vaccine promotion (Pediatrics) Science curiosity and political information processing (Political Psychol) Teaching science using pseudoscience (D. Duncan) Letters read on TWiV 442 Weekly Science Picks Kathy - Life Saver Lightning Alan - Model rocket engine burning in slow-mo Rich - scistarter Vincent - The quest to wipe out a virus and FCC Votes to Begin Dismantling Net Neutrality Listener Pick Robert - Zika presentation Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

The Beacons of Viral Education (aka the TWiVoners) reveal a cost of being a male mouse - the Y chromosome regulates their susceptibility to influenza virus infection. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode ASM Grant Writing Online Course Giant viruses not from fourth domain of life (Virology) Nuclear envelope disruption during parvovirus infection (J Virol) Nuclear deformation during SV40 infection (Nucleus) Y chromosome regulates mouse susceptibility to influenza virus (PNAS) Consomic strains (Mamm Genome) Giants among viruses (TWiV 261) Image credit Letters read on TWiV 441 Weekly Science Picks Kathy - Social science research on "luck" in motherhood Alan - Foiling dinghy built by engineering students (video) Rich - Human Exploration Research Analog (HERA) Vincent - Make measles great again in Michigan and Which tech giant would you drop? Listener Pick Steven - Difficult truths about a post-truth world Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

No problem being nice to Dickson in this episode, because he's absent for a discussion of a new giant virus that replicates in the cytoplasm yet transiently accesses the nucleus to bootstrap infection. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode ASM Microbe Noumeavirus cytoplasmic replication depends on transient nuclear access (Nat Commun) Giants among viruses (TWiV 261) Image credit Letters read on TWiV 440 Weekly Science Picks Kathy - U-M Rubik's Cube story #1 video #2 video #3 video Alan - You're not going to believe this Rich - High School student builds robot to solve Rubrik's cube Vincent - NIH limits grant money and The abomination of a bill Listener Pick Ken - The Fab Lab with Crazy Aunt LindseyLaurel - Sally Hoskin's CREATE programMaureen - Simple Science Experiments You Can Do With Eggs Before Breakfast Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Paul Bieniasz joins the TWiV team to talk about the co-option, millions of years ago, of an endogenous retrovirus envelope protein by hominid ancestors for host defense against viral infection. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Guest: Paul Bieniasz Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode ASM Grant Writing Online Course Bieniasz Laboratory Julius S. Youngner, 96 Distinguished virology career of Julius S. Youngner (TWiV 373) Reconstitution of a human ERV (PNAS) Co-option of ERV envelope for host defense (eLife) Letters read on TWiV 439 Weekly Science Picks Kathy - UM Science Communication TeachOut Alan - LLNL nuclear test videos Rich - The Great A.I. Awakening (Artificial neural network; DeepDream; DeepDream images) Dickson - Cassini imagesPaul - Howard Hughes Medical Institute Vincent - Google rewrites search rankings; Senator Whitehouse on politics of climate change Listener Pick Anthony - Raspberry Pi 3 Model B Weather Monitor Kit Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

On the eve of the March for Science, the TWiV team gathers at ASM Headquarters in Washington, DC with guests Stefano and Susie to talk about the state of science communication. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit Guests: Stefano Bertuzzi and Susan Sharp Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Journal of Microbiology & Biology Education sci comm issue ASM Cultures Stefano Bertuzzi and the scientists' big picture (Washington Post) March for Science The March for Science (NY Times) I have always marched for science (virology blog) A scientist who studies marches on the March (Atlantic) What exactly are people marching for (Atlantic) Explaining science won't fix information illiteracy Letters read on TWiV 438 This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what's on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free with your first purchase – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twiv Weekly Science Picks Alan - Steve Ballmer's government data project (NYTimes article) Rich - Alexander Hamilton by Ron Chernow Dickson - Shanghai vertical farming Vincent - Right-to-try sham and NASA mediaStefano - Why Religion is Natural and Science is Not and The Path Between the Seas Susan - Rick and Morty Listener Pick Johnye - A capella CRISPR/Cas9 Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

The TWiVsters reveal new giant viruses that argue against a fourth domain of life, and discovery of viruses in the oceanic basement. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Journal of Microbiology & Biology Education sci comm issue Mark Wainberg dies Giant viruses with many translation system components (Science) Viruses in the oceanic basement (mBio) 2-back test Photo by Judy Letters read on TWiV 437 This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what's on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free with your first purchase – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twiv Weekly Science Picks Kathy - Cloud appreciation society Rich - High Rise Urban Farming Dickson - Planets orbiting a distant star Vincent - TWiEVO 18: Raiders of the lost orco Listener Pick Kevin - Cherry blossoms at Brooklyn Botanical Garden Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Host: Vincent Racaniello Guests: Susan Daniel, Colin Parrish, and Gary Whittaker At Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, Vincent speaks with Susan, Colin, and Gary about the work of their laboratories on parvoviruses, influenza viruses, and coronaviruses that infect dogs, cats, horses and other mammals. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Daniel Laboratory Parrish Laboratory Whittaker Laboratory This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what's on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free with your first purchase – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twiv Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler The TWiVome discuss the blood virome of 8,420 humans, and thoroughly geek out on a paper about the number of parental viruses in a plaque. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode ASM Grant Writing Course Screwworm letters Blood DNA virome of 8,240 humans (PLoS Path) Plaque co-infection frequencies (mBio) Ode to a plaque (TWiV 68) Counting viruses (Virus Watch) First animal virus plaque assay (J Exp Med) Letters read on TWiV 435 This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what's on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free with your first purchase – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twiv Weekly Science Picks Alan - Couple donates insect collection Kathy - Why is science important to you? Rich - Hook Dickson - Ten Incredible Astronomy Pictures Vincent - Why Trump's NIH Cuts Should Worry Us and The Real Threat to National Security: Deadly Disease Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler The esteemed TWiVumvirate reveal the discovery of a new negative stranded RNA virus of wasps that regulates longevity and sex ratio of its parasitoid host. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode ASM Microbe 2017 Parasitoid wasp virus regulates sex ratio (PLoS Path) What is a contig? Image credit Letters read on TWiV 434 This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what's on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free with your first purchase – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twiv Weekly Science Picks Alan - The Wrath of Khan from Bug Chicks Kathy - Boaty McBoatface submarine launching Dickson - Fierce animal portraits Vincent - Westworld Listener Picks Hannah - Plague, Inc Stig - John Oliver: Trump vs the truth Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler The lovely TWiV team explore evolution of our fecal virome, and the antiviral RNA interference response in the nematode C. elegans. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode ASM Clinical Virology Symposium Evolution of the human fecal virome (PNAS) Antiviral RNAi response in C. elegans (Curr Biol) Orsay virus (TWiV 123) Broad VSV host range (J Comp Neurol) Image credit Letters read on TWiV 433 This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what's on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free with your first purchase – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twiv Weekly Science Picks Alan - Contact information for Senators and Representatives Kathy - How Tumor Virology Transformed Oncology Dickson - Seven new species of Peacock Spider Vincent - Proposed NIH budget cut and Expensive Oxford Comma Listener Pick Kim - Pigeon Fashion Week (TWiEVO 7) Richard - aeroMorph and Understanding Molecular EvolutionJohnye - Ice Instruments and Fahrenheit and Celsius Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler The TWiVites discuss Zika virus seroprevalence in wild monkeys, Zika virus mRNA vaccines, and a gamete fusion protein inherited from viruses. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Nido2017 Meeting ASMCUE Seroprevalence of Zika virus in wild monkeys and baboons (mSphere) Zika virus mRNA vaccines (paper one, paper two) Gamete fusion protein is type II viral fusogen (paper one, paper two) Image credit Letters read on TWiV 432 This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what's on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free with your first purchase – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twiv Weekly Science Picks Alan - Raspberry pi Kathy - The Worst F&#%ing Words Ever Dickson - NASA images of climate changeBrianne - How herd immunity works Vincent - Radioactive boars in Fukushima Listener Pick Margaret - DNA socks and gloves Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler The TWiVirions reveal bacteriophage genes that control eukaryotic reproduction, and the biochemical basis for increased Ebolavirus glycoprotein activity during the recent outbreak. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Nido2017 Meeting ASM Microbe 2017 Mark Buller obituary RS virus pipeline (pdf) Prophage WO genes and cytoplasmic incompatibility (Nature) Vanderbilt Virology (TWiV 332) Basis for increased Ebolavirus glycoprotein activity (Cell Host Micr) Letters read on TWiV 431 This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what's on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free with your first purchase – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twiv Weekly Science Picks Rich - Germ Theory by Robert P. GaynesAlan - Student Scientist Partnerships Kathy - Symbiartic Dickson - PaleoBioDB Navigator Vincent - Kusama Infinity Room Listener Pick Chaim - How to fight back against the backfire effect Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler The TWiX cabal discuss sexual transmission of Zika virus in mice, and how immune escape enables herpes simplex virus escape from latency. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Nido2017 Meeting ASM Clinical Virology Symposium Zika virus sexual transmission in mice (Cell Rep) Viral RNA is not infectious virus (virology blog) Methyl-phospho switch (TWiV 369) Immune escape of herpesvirus from latency (Cell Rep) Restarting lytic gene expression (J Virol) Letters read on TWiV 430 This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what's on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free with your first purchase – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twiv Weekly Science Picks Rich - Vipassana Momma (Dravet Syndrome) Kathy - Landlines Chrome Experiments Dickson - Origami Revolution Vincent - Hunched Over a Microscope Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Host: Vincent Racaniello Guests: Katie Antony, Tom Friedrich, Emma Mohr, and David O'Connor Vincent meets with members of team ZEST at the University of Wisconsin Madison to discuss their macaque model for Zika virus pathogenesis. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Badgers Go Viral (TWiV 260) Rhesus macaque model of Zika virus infection (Nat Commun) Heterologous Zika virus protection in macaques (PLoS NTD) ZEST Data Portal This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what's on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twiv Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler The TWiVsters explain how superspreader bacteriophages release intact DNA from infected cells, and the role of astrocytes in protecting the cerebellum from virus infection. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Nido2017 Meeting Superspreader bacteriophages (mBio) Astrocytes, interferon, and viral infection (JCI) Viral disruption of blood brain barrier (Trends Micro) On Warts by Lewis Thomas (pdf) Letters read on TWiV 428 This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what's on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twiv Weekly Science Picks Alan - Skulls Unlimited Rich - Bernard Moss Reflection Kathy - Why vaccines don't cause autism Dickson - Honomobo Vincent - Trump vs FDA Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Host: Vincent Racaniello Guest: Vincent Munster At the Rocky Mountain Laboratory in Hamilton, Montana, Vincent speaks with Vincent Munster about the work of his laboratory on MERS-coronavirus and Ebolaviruses. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Rocky Mountain Laboratory Munster Laboratory Small town, big science (TWiM 140) Image credit Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler The TWiVoids discuss the March for Science, the GOF moratorium, and a classic virology paper on mapping the gene order for vesicular stomatitis virus. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode ASM 2017 election is now open - VOTE HERE ASM Election questions: Which positions are we voting for? What is the ASM Board of Directors? Organization Chart What is the Council on Microbial Sciences? Organization Chart FAQs Scientists' march is bad idea (NY Times) GOF moratorium lifted (Archived White House) VSV gene order (PNAS) VSV gene order later (PNAS) Letters read on TWiV 427 This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what's on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twiv Weekly Science Picks Alan - Good Omen miniseries (book) Kathy - How to cure earworms Dickson - Exoplanets orbits Vincent - Outbreak News Today Listener Pick Tom - The Smartest Protester Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler The sages of TWiV explain how chronic wasting disease of cervids could be caused by spontaneous misfolding of prion protein, and the role of the membrane protein Axl in Zika virus entry into cells. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Register for ASV 2017 ASM 2017 election is now open - VOTE HERE ASM Election questions: Which positions are we voting for? What is the ASM Board of Directors? Organization Chart What is the Council on Microbial Sciences? Organization Chart FAQs Scientists March on Washington Spontaneous generation of unique cervid strain (mSphere) Zika virus entry into human glial cells via Axl (Cell Rep) Article collections: PNAS, Cell, Nature, Virology Letters read on TWiV 426 This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what's on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twiv. Weekly Science Picks Alan - Deerland by Al Cambronne Dickson - Antarctica's Colorful Underwater World Kathy - You can't unring a bell #1 and #2 Rich - Extra letters added to life's genetic code (source) and The Doomsday Clock (wiki) Vincent - Trump Science Advisors, National Parks Won't Be Silenced Listener Pick Stefan - The Vital Question by Nick Lane Kevin - Scientists March on Washington? Dennis - Fractal Tree of Life Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler The TWiVaniellos discuss a thermostable poliovirus empty capsid vaccine, and two cell genes that act as a switch between entry and clearance of picornavirus infection. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Register for ASV 2017 ASM-ASV Conference on Interplay of Viral and Bacterial Pathogens XKCD #242 Thermostable poliovirus empty capsid vaccine (PLoS Path) Switch between viral entry and clearance (Nature) Glass poliovirus by Jason Roberts Letters read on TWiV 425 This episode is brought to you by Blue Apron. Blue Apron is the #1 fresh ingredient and recipe delivery service in the country. See what's on the menu this week and get your first 3 meals free – WITH FREE SHIPPING – by going to blueapron.com/twiv. Weekly Science Picks Alan - Medical lab whirligig Dickson - Antarctica's Colorful Underwater World Kathy - Prince Rupert's drops #1 and #2 Rich - Dylan's 30th - Eric Clapton --Don't Think Twice, It's All Right (The 30th Anniversary Concert Celebration) Vincent - Saving climate data and Public Good and Public Funding of Science Listener Pick Suellen - For the anti-vaccine people Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Guest: Trudy Rey Trudy joins the the TWiVlords to discuss new tests for detecting prions in the blood, and evidence showing that foamy retroviruses originated in the seas with their jawed vertebrate hosts at least 450 million years ago. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Welcome omega tau to MicrobeTV Register for ASV 2017 Oliver Smithies dies Assays for prions in the blood (one, two) Biosafety working on prions (Michigan State) Marine origin of retroviruses in Palaeozoic era (Nature Comm) Cancer Virus by Dorothy Crawford Adenovirus and obesity (Int J Chronic Dis) Image credit Letters read on TWiV 424 Weekly Science Picks Trudy - Artist Jenni Viljaniemi Alan - Radio Garden Dickson - World's First Green Energy Boat Kathy - mSphereDirect video and web Rich - Deathworld Trilogy by Harry Harrison Vincent - Trump's Vaccine Panel (NYTimes), Offit's Response (Daily Beast), ASM Letter Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Guest: Jared Rice The TWiV academia discuss induction of diarrhea by the capsid protein of an astrovirus, and association of a fungal RNA virus with white-nose syndrome of North American bats. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Register for ASV 2017 ASM-ASV Conference on Interplay of Viral and Bacterial Pathogens Astrovirus capsid protein induces diarrhea (mBio) Fungal virus associated with white-nose syndrome (PLoS Path) Image credit Letters read on TWiV 423 Weekly Science Picks Alan - GPS visualizer Dickson - James Webb Space Telescope and The Vertical Farm Kathy - First Snowflake Photos (One and Two) Rich - Red Mars by Kim Stanley Robinson Vincent - Carrie Fisher Fought for the Rebel Alliance and Mental Health Awareness Listener Pick Ken - The Abate Lab Sean - The Death of Expertise Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler The TWiVestigators wrap up 2016 with a discussion of the year's ten compelling virology stories. Become a patron of TWiV! Should auld infections be forgotAnd never T-cells primed?Will cross-reacting antigensProtect the host next time? Links for this episode Register for ASV 2017 ASM-ASV Conference on Interplay of Viral and Bacterial Pathogens Ten virology stories from 2016 Zika virus (first covered in 2015, TWiV 368) Ebolavirus Eukaryotic genes in Wolbachia phage (TWiV 412) Harold "400" Varmus (TWiV 400) and many other guests Vaccines Mutualism Mosquitoes and viruses Vector victorious (TWiV 401) Animal models of virus infections Virus evolution Current Zika virus infections (ECDC) Early Zika virus infections in Hawaii (PLoS NTD) Zika virus vaccine for whom? (NYTimes) Final results for Ebola virus vaccine (Lancet) Photo from Mohammad Letters read on TWiV 422 This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. Weekly Science Picks Alan - North America's Lost Medieval City Dickson - New Views of Pillars of Creation Kathy - Reilly Top Ten Rich - Everyday Einstein Vincent - Naples' Sleeping Volcano Might Be Waking Up Listener Pick John - RadioLab: The Times They Are a-Changin' Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Guest: Nathan Letts The TWiVnauts present another example of an infectious but replication incompetent vaccine, an insect specific arborvirus bearing chikungunya virus structural proteins. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Register for ASV 2017 ASM-ASV Conference on Interplay of Viral and Bacterial Pathogens Chikungunya virus vaccine using insect virus platform (Nat Med) Ebola vaccine results (NYTimes, paper) Letters read on TWiV 421 This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. Weekly Science Picks Alan - Open Access Button Dickson - National Geographic Photographs Kathy - World's Tiniest Radio Receiver Nathan - Mutter Museum, Philadelphia Vincent - How Rogue One is Connected to the Mac Listener Pick Sam - Cell Lab: Evolution Sandbox Hannelore - Congressional Dish Johnye - The Fungi in Your Future Brendan - Zimmer on Longform podcast Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler The TWiV gurus describe how to use an orthogonal translation system to produce infectious but replication-incompetent influenza vaccines. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Register for ASV 2017 Local Zika virus transmission in Texas Texaszika.org Local dengue virus transmission in Texas (EID) No more Zika virus transmission in Florida (FL DOH) Dengue virus antibodies enhance Zika virus infection (Clin Trans Imm) Infectious, replication incompetent influenza virus vaccine (Science) Pyrrolysl-tRNA synthetase (Biochem Biophys Acta) History of nonsense suppression (Stan Maloy) Suppression of poliovirus amber mutant (Cell) Remembering mumps (PLoS Path) Letters read on TWiV 420 This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. Weekly Science Picks Alan - Superbugs game Dickson - Dinosaur tail trapped in amber Rich - Earth's Rotation is Slowing (original article)Kathy - Lithium Ion batteries (one and two) Vincent - Truth and Lies in the Age of Trump (virology blog) and self driving Uber car Listener Pick Steve - New York City Street Tree Map Justin - Transmissible vaccines? Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler The TWiVrific gang reveal how integration of a virophage into the nuclear genome of a marine protozoan enhances host survival after infection with a giant virus. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Microcephaly associated with Zika virus infection in Colombia (MMWR) Virophage genome integration and activation by superinfection (Nature) Don Nelson interview (pdf) Page view and h index for paper rank (PLoS One) Credit for image of C. roenbergensis Letters read on TWiV 419 This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. Weekly Science Picks Alan - Lab Wars Dickson - Star in a Jar Fusion Reactor Rich -You're a Bee. This is What it Feels Like.Kathy - List of Potential Predatory Journals Vincent - CRISPR Patent Trial Begins Listener Pick Drake - Spinzall Katreya - Periodic Videos Pritesh - Smallpox in mummy Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler The TWiVsters describe a new animal model for MERS coronavirus-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome, produced by CRISPR/Cas9 editing of the mouse gene encoding an ortholog of the virus receptor. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode New mouse model for MERS (Nat Micro) RNA-guided genome engineering (Science) Photo by Finny Letters read on TWiV 418 This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. 0:25, 27:50 This show is sponsored by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. This Holiday season give someone a Drobo to keep all their files and memories safe forever. TWiV listeners can save 20% or more off of their purchase of a Drobo 5D, Drobo 5Dt, Drobo 5N, or any 8-drive or 12-drive system at www.drobostore.com by December 31, 2016 using discount code MICROBE20. Register for ASV 2017 at Madison, Wisconsin Weekly Science Picks Alan - Human population through time Dickson - Every Orbit Cassini Has Taken Rich - OK GO: Walk Her WalkKathy - Medieval Bestiary Online Vincent - Can You Out-Science an Eighth Grader? and Stitchen Pox Listener Pick Hannah - Bioart and Bacteria Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Host: Vincent Racaniello Guest: Gary Nabel Vincent speaks with Gary Nabel, Chief Scientific Officer at Sanofi and former Director of the Vaccine Research Institute of NIAID, about his career and his work on HIV vaccines. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode World AIDS Day Video of this interview (YouTube) Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler The Fellowship of the Virus trace the early history of HIV in North America, based on genome sequences obtained from late 1970s archival sera, which also reveal that Gaetan Dugas was not Patient Zero. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode WHO: Zika virus is no longer a PHEIC World AIDS Day Early HIV/AIDS history in North America (Nature) Dugas was not AIDS patient zero (virology blog) Image credit Letters read on TWiV 417 This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. Check out the graduate and postdoctoral programs at the Department of Microbiology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Deadline for applying to the graduate program is 1 December 2016. For more information about the Department, please visit http://bit.ly/micromssm Register for the 2017 ASM Grant Writing Online course. Weekly Science Picks Alan - VP8SGI Dickson - New leaf-shaped spider discovered Rich - Dance of Earth and Venus About the SunKathy - Cultivar Series, Mutatoes, Uli Westphal site Vincent - Kung Fu Mantis vs Jumping Spider Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler The multi-dimensional TWiV-brane bring you the entries in the haiku/limerick contest, and explain how a giant virus infects a host within another host (it has to do with predators!). Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Predators allow virus infection of endosymbiont (PNAS) Image credit Letters read on TWiV 416 This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. 0:25, 1:34:40 Check out the graduate and postdoctoral programs at the Department of Microbiology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Deadline for applying to the graduate program is 1 December 2016. For more information about the Department, please visit http://bit.ly/micromssm 5:05 Register for the 2017 ASM Grant Writing Online course. Weekly Science Picks Alan - Cubes in Space Dickson - The Architecture of Eden by H. Pearlman and A. Whalley Rich - Studying the building blocks of life in stereo (original paper)Kathy - Ancient bottom wipes yield evidence of diseases (original paper) Vincent - Iguana vs snakes Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Guests: Jeremy Luban, Aaron Lin, and Ted Diehl Jeremy, Aaron, and Ted join the TWiV team to discuss their work on identifying a single amino acid change in the Ebola virus glycoprotein from the West African outbreak that increases infectivity in human cells. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Ebola virus glycoprotein with increased infectivity (Cell) Effect in cells of Ebola virus mutations from West African outbreak (Cell) Ebola virus in semen for over 500 days (Clin Inf Dis) Puzzling origin of 2014 Ebola virus outbreak (J Virol) Mutant Ebola virus may have caused explosive outbreak (Goats and Soda) Virus Genomics and Evolution website This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. 0:25, 1:05:40 Check out the graduate and postdoctoral programs at the Department of Microbiology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Deadline for applying to the graduate program is 1 December 2016. For more information about the Department, please visit http://bit.ly/micromssm 1:35 Register for the 2017 ASM Grant Writing Online course. Weekly Science Picks Jeremy – Real time tracking of Ebola virus evolutionTed - The Brain Scoop Aaron - Kate Rubins sequencing DNA on ISS (video) Alan – A Sand County Almanac by Aldo Leopold Rich – Vendee GlobeKathy – Axios Vincent – Vendors from above by Loes Heerinck Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Host: Vincent Racaniello Guest: Michael Diamond Michael Diamond visits the TWiV studio to talk about chikungunya virus and his laboratory's work on a mouse model of Zika virus, including the recent finding of testicular damage caused by viral replication. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Chikungunya virus chronic joint disease caused by adaptive response (J Virol) Mouse model of Zika virus pathogenesis (Cell Host Micr) Zika virus infection during mouse pregnancy (Cell) Zika virus infection damages mouse testes (Nature) Uveitis and Zika virus in tears in mice (Cell Rep) This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. Check out the graduate and postdoctoral programs at the Department of Microbiology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Deadline for applying to the graduate program is 1 December 2016. For more information about the Department, please visit http://bit.ly/micromssm Register for the 2017 ASM Scientific Writing and Publishing Online Course. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Paul Duprex Guests: Ralph Baric, Felix Drexler, Marion Koopmans, and Stacey Schultz-Cherry From the EIDA2Z conference at Boston University, Vincent, Alan and Paul meet up with Ralph Baric, Felix Drexler, Marion Koopmans, Stacey Schultz-Cherry to talk about discovering, understanding, protecting, and collaborating on emerging infectious diseases. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode EIDA2Z meeting MERS-CoV infection of Alpaca (EID) Origins of HAV in small mammals (PNAS) WHO recommendations on influenza vaccine composition Collaborative Cross mice Video of this episode at YouTube This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. This episode is also brought to you by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. Visit www.drobo.com to learn more. Listeners can save $100 on a Drobo system at drobostore.com by using the discount code Microbe100. Check out the graduate and postdoctoral programs at the Department of Microbiology at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Deadline for applying to the graduate program is 1 December 2016. For more information about the Department, please visit http://bit.ly/micromssm Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Guest: Mark Fuccio The TWiVome reveal the first eukaryotic genes found in a bacteriophage of Wolbachia, and how DNA tumor virus oncogenes antagonize sensing of cytoplasmic DNA by the cell. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Zika virus in vaginal secretions (EID) Zika virus in semen (EID) Eukaryotic genes in a bacteriophage (Nat Commun) Seth Bordenstein on TWiV 332 DNA tumor virus oncogenes antagonize cGAS-STING (Science) Letters read on TWiV 412 This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. This episode is also brought to you by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. Visit www.drobo.com to learn more. Listeners can save $100 on a Drobo system at drobostore.com by using the discount code Microbe100. Weekly Science Picks Mark - EFN Enterprise Futures Network and Mission Log Podcast Alan - 2016 Wildlife Comedy Photography Rich - ZuTA, portable robotic printerKathy - How LEGO help blind people see Vincent - Airplane photos of Mike Kelley Listener Pick Hannah - Frozen Flow Glass (Instagram) Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler The TWiVeroos examine a reverse spillover of Newcastle disease virus vaccines into wild birds, and identification of a protein cell receptor for murine noroviruses. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode MicrobeTV Store Florida DOH Daily Zika Update Zika virus in new Miami neighborhood (CNN, NYTimes) NDV vaccine virus in wild birds (PLoS One) Protein cell receptor for murine norovirus (Science, PNAS) Poliovirus receptor analysis (J Virol) Letters read on TWiV 411 This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. This episode is also brought to you by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. Visit www.drobo.com to learn more. Listeners can save $100 on a Drobo system at drobostore.com by using the discount code Microbe100. Weekly Science Picks Alan - Braincraft Rich - Now is the Greatest Time to Be AliveKathy - CRISPR/Cas9 by A Capella Science Vincent - Microbes After Hours: The Necromicrobiome Listener Pick Jolene - Chalk Talk Science by Dennis Mangan Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Guests: Sharon Isern and Scott Michael Sharon and Scott join the TWiV team to talk about their work on dengue antibody-dependent enhancement of Zika virus infection, and identifying the virus in mosquitoes from Miami. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Live at Florida Gulf Coast University (TWiV #111) Florida DOH Daily Zika Update Regional Zika update, Americas (PAHO, WHO) NJ Zika Bill Dengue virus antibodies enhance Zika virus infection (bioRxiv) First detection of Zika virus in Brazilian A. aegyptii (Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz) 2017 ASM Scientific Writing and Publishing Online Course Letters read on TWiV 410 This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. This episode is also brought to you by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. Visit www.drobo.com to learn more. Listeners can save $100 on a Drobo system at drobostore.com by using the discount code Microbe100. Weekly Science Picks Sharon - Zika virus comics and cartoons and Florida weekly arbovirus reportsScott - Real-time tracking of Zika virus evolution Alan - Evolution of antibiotic resistance on a mega plate Rich - WindytvKathy - Zika virus map and timeline Vincent - Ohsumi Nobel advanced information and HR 5325 funding breakdown Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Guest: Jeremy Luban Jeremy joins the TWiVeroids to tell the amazing story of how the function of the HIV-1 protein called Nef was discovered and found to promote infection by excluding the host protein SERINC from virus particles. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode No recovery in PACE trial (virology blog) The real PACE data (virology blog) Contagious Thinking Florida DOH daily Zika update Congress does not fail on Zika (NPR) Nef history (Luban lab) Nef excludes SERINC from virions (Nature) SERINC counters Nef (Nature) ASM Grant Writing Online Course Letters read on TWiV 409 This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. 0:25, 28:50 This episode is also brought to you by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. Visit www.drobo.com to learn more. Listeners can save $100 on a Drobo system at drobostore.com by using the discount code Microbe100. Weekly Science Picks Alan - Migration in MotionDickson - Beautiful Chemistry Rich - XKCD Timeline of Earth Temperature Kathy - Vaccine Heroes from Vaccine Education CenterJeremy - CIDRAP posters and Demon in the Freezer Vincent - People Peas and Pathogens Listener Picks Matlock - Science isn't broken Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Alan Dove Guest: David Quammen Four years after filming 'Threading the NEIDL', Vincent and Alan return to the National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratory BSL4 facility at Boston University where they speak with science writer David Quammen. Watch this episode at YouTube Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode David Quammen's website Spillover by David Quammen Threading the NEIDL (TWiV 200) The NEIDL at Boston University This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. This episode is also brought to you by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. Visit www.drobo.com to learn more. Listeners can save $100 on a Drobo system at drobostore.com by using the discount code Microbe100. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Host: Vincent Racaniello Guests: Ralph Baric, Kristina De Paris, Tal Kafri, Helen Lazear, Mark Heise, and David Margolis In the second of two shows recorded at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill, Vincent meets up with faculty members to talk about how they got into science, their research on RNA viruses, and what they would be doing if they were not scientists. View video of this episode at YouTube Become a patron of TWiV! This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. This episode is also brought to you by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. Visit www.drobo.com to learn more. Listeners can save $100 on a Drobo system at drobostore.com by using the discount code Microbe100. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Host: Vincent Racaniello Guests: Dirk Dittmer, Cary Moody, Nat Moorman, Nancy Raab-Traub, Lishan Su, and Jennifer Webster-Cyriaque In the first of two shows recorded at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill, Vincent meets up with faculty members to talk about how they got into science, their research on DNA viruses, and what they would be doing if they were not scientists. View video of this episode at YouTube Become a patron of TWiV! This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. This episode is also brought to you by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. Visit www.drobo.com to learn more. Listeners can save $100 on a Drobo system at drobostore.com by using the discount code Microbe100. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler The TWiV team discussed eye infections caused by Zika virus, failure of Culex mosquitoes to transmit the virus, and replication of norovirus in stem cell derived enteroids. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Florida DOH daily Zika update Congress fails again on Zika (NY Times) Culex pipiens does not support Zika virus replication (EID) Zika virus in the eye (Cell Rep) Norovirus replication in enteroids (Science) Norovirus replication in B cells (TWiV 312) Baylor press release Norovirus replication in B cells confirmed (Antiviral Res) Letters read on TWiV 406 This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completely free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. This episode is also brought to you by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. Visit www.drobo.com to learn more. Listeners can save $100 on a Drobo system at drobostore.com by using the discount code Microbe100. Weekly Science Picks Alan - Infective PerspectiveDickson - The Living RiverRich - Freddy Mercury around the Sun Kathy - A Day in PompeiiVincent - Spraying Pesticides Listener Picks Ricardo - Why the metric system mattersEric - The Giving Plague by David Brin Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler The TWiXers discuss a study on vertical transmission of Zika virus by Aedes mosquitoes, and uncovering Earth's virome by mining existing metagenomic sequence data. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Roger Tsien, 64 (UC San Diego Health) CDC running out of Zika money (NYTimes) Zika virus in Miami mosquitoes (NYTimes) No Zika virus in Rio Olympics (NYTimes) Vertical transmission of Zika virus in Aedes aegypti (AJTMH) Uncovering Earth's virome (Nature) Image credit (Global water volume) Letters read on TWiV 405 This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completel free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. 0:25, 58:55 This episode is also brought to you by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. Visit www.drobo.com to learn more. Listeners can save $100 on a Drobo system at drobostore.com by using the discount code Microbe100. Weekly Science Picks Alan - The VizziesDickson - NASA Spinoff Kathy - Maps.meVincent - Zika: The Emerging Epidemic by Donald McNeil Listener Picks Tarwin - Darwin's Radio by Greg Bear (paper or Kindle)Bodham - The start of scientific publishing, 1665 Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit From the twiVivants, follow up on FluMist and Zoster vaccines, Zika virus update, and isolation of a multicomponent animal virus from mosquitoes. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode FluMist problem (FDA) DA Henderson obituary (NY Times) DA Henderson, smallpox eradicator (TWiV Special) Efficacy of VZV vaccine (Ther Adv Vaccines) Zika virus burden, Puerto Rico (JAMA) Zika virus in Miami Beach (STAT) Congenital brain anomalies and Zika virus (Radiology) Congenital Zika syndrome with arthrogryposis (BMJ) Multicomponent animal virus from mosquitoes (Cell Host Microbe) Breaking rules of infection (NPR) Image credit Letters read on TWiV 404 This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completel free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. This episode is also brought to you by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. Visit www.drobo.com to learn more. Listeners can save $100 on a Drobo system at drobostore.com by using the discount code Microbe100. Weekly Science Picks Alan - Sally Le PageDickson - Comfortably Numb by Jamie Dupuis Rich - Learned HelplessnessVincent - Virus by Marilyn Roossinck Listener Picks OneTime - The Stranglers - Old CodgerSteve - A Poem About Pronunciation Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Donald "D.A." Henderson, a physician, educator, and epidemiologist who led the World Health Organization's campaign to eradicate smallpox, died at 87 years of age on Aug. 19, 2016. Vincent was fortunate to have the opportunity to speak with DA Henderson in 2014 about his career, the smallpox eradication effort, and what it means for the eradication of polio. Become a patron of TWiV! This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completel free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. This episode is also brought to you by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. Visit www.drobo.com to learn more. Listeners can save $100 on a Drobo system at drobostore.com by using the discount code Microbe100. Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit The TWiV team takes on an experimental plant-based poliovirus vaccine, contradictory findings on the efficacy of Flumist, waning protection conferred by Zostavax, a new adjuvanted subunit zoster vaccine. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Tribunal orders release of PACE trial data (Valerie Eliot Smith) Our request for PACE trial data (virology blog) GM mosquito release on ballot (NPR) Florida Keys Mosquito Control District on TWiV #111 Cold chain and virus free plant based polio vaccine (Plant Biotechnol J) Disappointing flu vaccine effectiveness (CBC) ACIP votes down use of LAIV (CDC) LAIV as effective as inactivated flu vaccine (Ann Int Med) Flumist does work (NPR) Declining effectiveness of zoster vaccine (J Inf Dis) Efficacy of adjuvanted subunit zoster vaccine (NEJM) Risk of zoster from vaccine (J Inf Dis) Image credit: ViralZone Letters read on TWiV 403 This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completel free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. This episode is also brought to you by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. Visit www.drobo.com to learn more. Listeners can save $100 on a Drobo system at drobostore.com by using the discount code Microbe100. Weekly Science Picks Alan - To Scale: The Solar SystemRich - Route 66 Goes SolarVincent - Race for a Zika Vaccine by Siddhartha Mukherjee Listener Picks Bohdan - Penn and Teller on VaccinationsBill - Connections, Episode 1 Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit Polio returns to Nigeria, Zika virus spreads in Miami, and virus infection of plants attracts bumblebees for pollination, from the virus gentlepeople at TWiV. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Marian Horzinek, 80 (ProMedMail) Polio in Nigeria (Atlantic, Stat, ProMedMail) Zika virus spreads in Miami (NYTimes) More Zika virus vaccines (Science) Back to work on Zika, Congress ! (Asbury Park Press) Lack of funding will stymie Zika vaccines (Wash Examiner) FDA OK on genetically modified mosquitoes (FDA) CMV attracts aphid vectors (TWiV #70) CMV attracts pollinating bumblebees (PLoS Path) Earth dwarfed by solar flare (jpg) Letters read on TWiV 402 This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completel free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. This episode is also brought to you by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. Visit www.drobo.com to learn more. Listeners can save $100 on a Drobo system at drobostore.com by using the discount code Microbe100. Weekly Science Picks Alan - Solar storm that launched US space weather scienceRich - Data storage on DNA Dickson - Perseid meteor show liveVincent - In the Company of Microbes by Elio Schaechter Listener Picks Neva - I Contain Multitudes by Ed YongAmanda - American Gut Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler Zika virus spreads in the USA, a Zika virus DNA vaccine goes into phase I trials, and how mosquito bites enhance virus replication and disease, from the friendly TWiFolk Vincent, Dickson, Alan, and Kathy. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Beverly Griffin, 86 (1 2 3) Zika virus in the US (CDC) Zika virus spreading in Miami (CDC) Zika virus in Florida (NY Times) NIH begins phase I trial of Zika virus DNA vaccine (NIAID) Mosquito salive enhances West Nile replication in mice (J Virol) Mosquito bites enhance virus infection (Immunity) Photo of A. aegyptii and mouse ears from Marieke Pingen Letters read on TWiV 401 This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completel free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. This episode is also brought to you by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. Visit www.drobo.com to learn more. Listeners can save $100 on a Drobo system at drobostore.com by using the discount code Microbe100. Weekly Science Picks Alan - The DoubleclicksKathy - WHO ZIKV app and ZIKV Giant Microbe Dickson - Photographer Rosamond PurcellVincent - Spillover: Zika, Ebola, and Beyond Listener Picks Ricardo - Portugal Four Days on Renewable EnergyFatma - DeNovo: Predicting virus-host protein interactionsStephen - How mosquitoes use six needles to suck your blood Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Guest: Harold Varmus The TWiV team is together in New York City for a conversation with Nobel Laureate Harold Varmus about his remarkable career in science. Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Varmus Laboratory Varmus and Kandel on Charlie Rose (transcript) Rescuing biomedical research Letters read on TWiV 400 Video of this episode at YouTube This episode is sponsored by CuriosityStream. Get two months free when you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. This episode was made possible by PLoS Pathogens - the leading Open Access journal to publish breakthroughs in understanding pathogens and their interactions with host organisms and each other. PLOS Pathogens fosters the open exchange of ideas across fields, publishing original research on viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites, and prions. For more information, check out www.plospathogens.org Weekly Science Picks Alan - A year on EarthRich - TWiV #1: West Nile Virus Dickson - Chasing storms, chasing beautyKathy - Bioartography and FASEB image and video competitionVincent - The Art and Politics of Science by Harold Varmus (free download) Listener Picks Trudy - Scientific Studies on Last Week Tonight with John Oliver Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit The latest Zika virus news from the ConTWiVstadors, including a case of female to male transmission, risk of infection at the 2016 summer Olympics, a DNA vaccine, antibody-dependent enhancement by dengue antibodies, and sites of replication in the placenta. Links for this episode Zika virus disease in the US (CDC) Female to male Zika virus transmission (CDC) Zika virus in female genital tract (Lancet) Zika virus transmission in Utah (CDC and NYTimes) Olympic Zika virus risk (CDC) 15 companies on Zika virus vaccines (WSJ) Zika virus DNA vaccine in mice (Nature) Zika virus disease in Colombia (NEJM) Dengue virus antibody dependent enhancement of Zika virus (PNAS) Zika virus antibodies enhance dengue virus disease (Science) Zika virus in human placenta and developing brain (bioRxiv) Zika virus targets different human placenta cells (Cell Host Microbe) Letters read on TWiV 399 This episode is sponsored by CuriosityStream. Get two months free when you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. Become a patron of TWiV. Weekly Science Picks Alan - CDC postmortem on Ebolavirus outbreakRich - Refutations to anti-vaccine memes (Twitter, Facebook) Dickson - History of urbanizationVincent - How to cut subject from background in Photoshop Listener Picks Marion - Skeptics Guide to the Universe podcastJennie - Leatherback turtles in Costa Rica Send your virology questions and comments to [email protected]