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New guidelines have been issued in the United States for preventing stroke – the nation’s 4th biggest killer. 在美国发布了新的指南，以防止中风 - 美国第四大杀手。 The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) says that in 2023, stroke was the fourth leading cause of death in the United States. An estimated half a million people suffer strokes in the U.S. each year. But the CDC notes that up to 80 percent of strokes could be prevented with better nutrition and exercise, along with improved risk identification. 美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）说，在2023年，中风是美国第四大死亡原因。 估计每年在美国遭受中风的估计一百万。 但是，疾病预防控制中心指出，通过更好的营养和运动，可以预防多达80％的中风，并改善风险识别。A stroke happens when blood flow to part of the brain is blocked or if a blood vessel in the brain breaks open, or bursts. The event keeps oxygen from getting to the brain. This can result in the person having difficulty thinking, talking and walking. In some cases, a stroke can even cause death. 当血液流向大脑的一部分或大脑中的血管破裂或爆发时，会发生中风。 该事件可防止氧气进入大脑。 这可能会导致人们难以思考，说话和行走。 在某些情况下，中风甚至会导致死亡。 Stroke is a major health problem across the world. On its website, the World Stroke Organization says the condition is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Over 100 million people worldwide have suffered a stroke. It is estimated that 25 percent of adults over 25 will have a stroke during their lifetime. 中风是世界上一个主要的健康问题。 世界中风组织在其网站上说，这种情况是全球死亡和残疾的主要原因。 全球超过1亿人遭受了中风。 据估计，25岁以上的成年人中有25％的人会在一生中中风。 The new guidelines on stroke prevention came from the American Stroke Association. They are the first to be issued in 10 years. The advice includes suggestions for people and doctors and are based on improved information about who has strokes and why. The guidelines also include new drugs that can help reduce risk. 预防中风的新准则来自美国中风协会。 它们是10年内第一个发行的人。 该建议包括对人和医生的建议，并基于有关谁中风以及原因的改进信息。 该指南还包括可以帮助降低风险的新药。 Health researchers say the best way to reduce the risk of stroke is the same as reducing risks for many other conditions. These include eating a healthy diet, moving the body often and not smoking. 健康研究人员说，降低中风风险的最佳方法与降低许多其他情况的风险相同。 其中包括吃健康的饮食，经常移动身体而不吸烟。 Here is what to know about stroke and the newly issued guidelines: 这是有关中风和新发布的准则的了解：Experts say eating healthy can help control possible stroke risks. The goal is to prevent or reduce high cholesterol, high blood sugar and obesity, the condition of being extremely overweight. 专家说，健康饮食可以帮助控制可能的中风风险。 目的是预防或减少高胆固醇，高血糖和肥胖，这是极其超重的状况。 The advice urges people to choose foods in the so-called Mediterranean diet. These include fruits, vegetables, whole grains and olive oil. Eating these foods can help keep cholesterol levels down. 该建议敦促人们在所谓的地中海饮食中选择食物。 这些包括水果，蔬菜，全谷物和橄榄油。 吃这些食物可以帮助保持胆固醇水平降低。

The discovery of Dark Energy in 1998 was in itself a shocking discovery. Up until then, the view had been that after the Big Bang, the expansion of the universe would eventually slow down under the force of gravity. But observations found that they were accelerating away from each other because of an unknown force.1998 年 “暗能量” 的发现本身就令人震惊。在此之前，科学界普遍认为，在宇宙大爆炸之后，宇宙的膨胀速度会在引力作用下逐渐减慢。然而观测结果却显示，宇宙中的天体还在加速远离彼此，像是受到了一种未知的力的影响。 More shocking still would be confirmation that this Dark Energy force fluctuates, as suggested by these new results. That's because it can't be explained and would require a completely new theory of cosmology. 可能会更令人震惊的，是确认 “暗能量” 产生的力存在波动，而最新的实验结果显示出了这一结论的可能性。这一结论令人震惊的原因是这些波动尚不能被解释，可能需要一套全新的宇宙学理论来对此进行说明。 The evidence has not reached the threshold of a discovery yet, but the evidence has been mounting, so much so that some of the most conservative and respected scientists involved in the programme are describing these results as a dramatic moment, which may lead to a paradigm shift in our understanding of the universe. 目前的证据还没有达到科学发现的最低限度，但证据的数量正在不断增加，以至于该项目中的一些最为保守且备受尊敬的科学家都称这些观测结果的出现是一个激动人心的时刻，并且可能会使我们对宇宙的理解产生根本性转变。

From virtual assistants and proofreading essays to improvements in healthcare, it seems that artificial intelligence, or AI, is becoming an increasingly larger part of our daily lives and most industries, but would you trust AI to choose your wardrobe? 从虚拟助手和校对论文到改进医疗保健，似乎人工智能或AI正在成为我们日常生活和大多数行业越来越大的部分，但是您是否相信AI会选择您的衣柜？There are now numerous apps that create virtual wardrobes, giving users insight into their current fashion style and giving tips to elevate it. One of these apps is Indyx, which describes itself as a 'one-stop digital wardrobe app unlocking the potential of what you already own'. Indyx encourages you to be environmentally conscious by combining the clothes you already have in your closet, which could mean breaking a cycle of fast fashion, helping you to shop smarter. There are similar apps out there too, like Whering, which can create entire outfits for you based on weather or occasion, and StyleDNA, which assesses the colours that suit you best. 现在有许多创建虚拟衣柜的应用程序，使用户可以洞悉其当前时尚风格，并提供提高其提升的技巧。 这些应用程序之一是Indyx，它将自己描述为“一站式数字衣柜应用程序，可以解锁您已经拥有的产品的潜力”。 Indyx通过将壁橱中已经拥有的衣服结合在一起，鼓励您保持环保意识，这可能意味着打破快速时尚的循环，帮助您更聪明地购物。 那里也有类似的应用程序，例如Whering，可以根据天气或场合为您创建整个服装，以及STYLEDNA，它可以评估最适合您的颜色。It's not only consumers using AI, but shops too. Clothing retailer M&S started using AI in 2024 to give advice to shoppers on outfit choices based on answers they give in an online quiz. They are asked about their body shape and style preferences, and are then given relevant outfit ideas with the aim being to personalise online interactions. Stephen Langford, M&S's director of online, has said the quiz can help choose outfits from 40 million options. 不仅是使用AI的消费者，而且也是商店。 服装零售商M＆S于2024年开始使用AI，根据他们在在线测验中给出的答案，以选择服装选择。 询问他们的身体形状和风格偏好，然后给出相关的服装想法，目的是个性化在线互动。 M＆S在线总监Stephen Langford表示，该测验可以帮助从4000万种选择中选择服装。 However, there are sceptics within the fashion industry. Michelle Barrett is a personal stylist with Capsule Closet Stylist. She warns that consumers must remember that AI doesn't really understand your needs or looks – it's simply creating statistically-plausible looks for you. She says that when it comes to choosing colours that suit you best, for example, "the apps get different results each time. The algorithm is placing you into predetermined boxes based on the questions you answer and forms you fill out". 但是，时装界在时装界有怀疑论者。 米歇尔·巴雷特（Michelle Barrett）是胶囊壁橱设计师的个人设计师。 她警告说，消费者必须记住，AI并不真正了解您的需求或外观 - 它只是为您创建统计上的外观。 她说，当涉及到最适合您的颜色时，例如，“应用程序每次都会获得不同的结果。算法将根据您回答的问题和填写的表单将您置于预定的框中”。 So, considering this, will you use AI to help choose your outfits? 因此，考虑到这一点，您会使用AI帮助选择您的服装吗？

When your emotions cause you to fly off the handle, sob uncontrollably or seethe with envy, it can be hard to see the good in them. It's a common belief that there are 'good' and 'bad' emotions, and that for successful emotion regulation, we must live a life free of the bad ones. This is a misconception, according to Ethan Kross, world expert in the psychology of emotions. "In the right proportions" he says, "all emotions are useful." We can't control the thoughts and feelings that automatically pop up, but we can choose how to engage with them. 当您的情绪导致您从手柄上飞来飞去，无法控制地抽泣或嫉妒地看着，很难看到它们中的好处。 这是一个普遍的信念，即有“好”和“坏”情绪，为了成功地调节情绪，我们必须过上不良的生活。 据情感心理学世界专家伊森·克罗斯（Ethan Kross）称，这是一个误解。 他说：“以正确的比例，所有情绪都是有用的。” 我们无法控制自动弹出的思想和感觉，但是我们可以选择如何与它们互动。Vicki Botnick, a therapist in Tanzana, California, agrees. She said we should aim for regulation, not repression. Instead of sweeping feelings under the rug, we should practise accepting them. Reframe them, not as 'good' or 'bad', but as messengers, giving you important information that you can use. This may sound easier said than done, so when intense feelings make you feel overwhelmed, try the old classic: deep breathing. Breathe in slowly, hold the breath for three seconds, then breathe out slowly. For some, it may help to repeat a mantra, such as "I am calm." 加利福尼亚州坦桑纳的治疗师Vicki Botnick同意。 她说，我们应该以监管而不是镇压为目标。 我们不应该练习接受它们。 重新构架它们，不是“好”或“坏”，而是将其重新构成，为您提供可以使用的重要信息。 这听起来听起来容易做起来难，因此，当强烈的感觉使您感到不知所措时，请尝试旧的经典：深呼吸。 慢慢呼吸，呼吸三秒钟，然后慢慢呼吸。 对于某些人来说，重复咒语可能有助于“我很镇定”。So, chronically avoiding your problems and negative feelings is not recommended, but that doesn't mean distraction is all bad. "We can be flexible and do both", says Ethan Kross. He uses the example of heightened emotions after a heated argument. It can be beneficial to sort it out in the moment, but it can also help to immerse oneself in something totally unrelated and return to the problem later, perhaps with a new perspective and a diminished temper. 因此，不建议长期避免您的问题和负面情绪，但这并不意味着分心都是不好的。 伊桑·克罗斯（Ethan Kross）说：“我们可以灵活并做到这两个。” 在激烈的争论之后，他以增强情绪的例子。 在此刻进行整理可能是有益的，但是它也可以帮助将自己沉浸在完全无关的事物中，并以后再回到问题上，也许是新的视角和脾气下降的。 Another way to distract yourself is to change your environment. Anyone that's been on holiday will know that being in new surroundings, free of associations of work and usual routines, can help us de-stress and recharge. If you're unable to get away, try exploring locally. A 2024 review of research called 'The role of nature in emotion regulation processes' found all 27 of the reviewed studies reported positive impacts of nature on emotion regulation. If green spaces are hard to reach in your neighbourhood, try curating your home environment. Add house plants, pictures of landscapes, photos of loved ones, or any objects that bring you joy. 另一种分散自己注意力的方法是改变您的环境。 任何经历过假期的人都会知道，在新的环境中，没有工作和通常的例行协会，都可以帮助我们减轻压力和充值。 如果您无法逃脱，请尝试在当地探索。 2024年对称为“自然在情感调节过程中的作用”的研究综述发现，所有的27项审查研究都报告了自然对情绪调节的积极影响。 如果您的附近很难到达绿色空间，请尝试策划您的家庭环境。 加入房屋植物，景观图片，亲人的照片或任何带给您欢乐的物体。 Learning to accept, reframe and regulate your emotions puts you back in the driver's seat of your life. But if this feels hard, remember: no feeling lasts forever. 学习接受，重新构架和调节情绪会使您回到生活的座位。 但是，如果这很难，请记住：没有感觉永远持续下去。

A woman in Portland, Oregon started her daily exercise habit with one activity – walking her dog. Lindsay Kee then added movements to this daily activity. Before leaving on the walk, she did some standing stretches. On her return, she did other exercises such as jumping jacks. 俄勒冈州波特兰的一名妇女以一项活动开始了她的日常运动习惯 - walking狗。 然后，林赛·基（Lindsay Kee）为这项日常活动增加了动作。 在散步之前，她进行了一些站立的伸展。 回来后，她做了其他练习，例如跳跃千斤顶。 Over time, Kee added more exercises around the dog walk. She said adding exercises to an existing activity took the pressure off of creating a whole new daily exercise. And now more than a year later, she consistently exercises around the dog walk. 随着时间的流逝，Kee在Dog Walk周围增加了更多的练习。 她说，在现有活动中添加练习会减轻创建全新的日常锻炼的压力。 现在，一年多后，她始终在狗步行周围锻炼。 Kee said, “I’ve found it to be really effective in helping me be consistent with things that I really do want to do.” Kee说：“我发现它确实有效地帮助我与我真正想做的事情保持一致。” What Kee did is called habit stacking. Writer S.J. Scott created this term for his 2014 book of the same name. The idea behind habit stacking is to attach something you want to start doing to something you already do every day. Kee所做的称为习惯堆积。 作家S.J. 斯科特（Scott）为他的2014年同名书创建了这个术语。 习惯堆积背后的想法是将您想开始做的事情附加到每天已经做的事情上。 A common example is flossing your teeth after brushing them. However, you can use habit stacking in many areas of your daily life. Kee, for example, places her vitamins next to the coffee machine. This helps her remember to take them every morning. 一个常见的例子是刷牙后牙线牙线。 但是，您可以在日常生活的许多领域使用习惯堆积。 例如，Kee将其维生素放在咖啡机旁边。 这有助于她记住每天早晨带他们。 Exercise experts say habit stacking is especially helpful if you are trying to increase exercise time. 运动专家说，如果您想增加运动时间，习惯堆积特别有用。 Dana Santas is a movement expert who has trained more than 50 professional sports teams. She combines exercise habits with personal health care. For example, Santas does push-ups before every shower. And she does leg exercises while brushing her teeth. She says that her electric toothbrush makes a sound every 30 seconds to remind her to brush different teeth. But she uses the reminder to change her exercises. “It’s perfect,” she added. 达娜·圣塔斯（Dana Santas）是一名运动专家，曾培训了50多支职业运动队。 她将运动习惯与个人医疗保健相结合。 例如，圣塔斯在每次淋浴之前都会俯卧撑。 她在刷牙时进行腿部运动。 她说，她的电动牙刷每30秒发出声音，以提醒她刷不同的牙齿。 但是她使用提醒来改变练习。 她补充说：“这很完美。” Two minutes of exercise may not get you in shape. But, experts say every little bit helps. Experts at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention suggest getting 150 minutes of moderate activity, like a fast walk, every week. Or you could also get 75 minutes of very energetic activity, like jogging, every week. The health experts also suggest two days a week of strength training. 两分钟的运动可能不会使您身体健康。 但是，专家说每一点都有帮助。 美国疾病控制与预防中心的专家建议每周获得150分钟的中等活动，例如快速步行。 或者，您也可以每周获得75分钟非常有活力的活动，例如慢跑。 健康专家还建议每周进行两天的力量训练。 Most people find keeping new habits difficult. And while habit stacking is not a perfect solution, it does help with one barrier -- decision-making. 大多数人认为将新习惯很困难。 虽然习惯堆积不是一个完美的解决方案，但它确实有助于一个障碍 - 决策。 Gretchen Rubin is the writer of Better Than Before: Mastering the Habits of Our Everyday Lives. She said habit stacking is one of the best ways to start and keep new habits. The technique helps to remove the barrier of deciding when or if to do something. 格蕾琴·鲁宾（Gretchen Rubin）是比以前更好的作家：掌握我们日常生活的习惯。 她说，养成养成是开始和保持新习惯的最佳方法之一。 该技术有助于消除决定何时或是否做某事的障碍。 Rubin shared a story of her college days. To help her stay active, she would only shower if she had exercised that day. 鲁宾分享了她大学时代的故事。 为了帮助她保持活跃，她只有在那天锻炼时才会洗澡。 She suggested combining the new, or what she calls “shaky,” behavior with something you have to do or deeply want to do. 她建议将新的或她所谓的“摇摇欲坠”的行为与您必须做的事情或要做的事情结合在一起。 “So you have to do the shaky habit before you get to the strong habit,” Rubin said. If she wants to listen to a podcast, her strong habit, she must do it while exercising on a running machine. For her, this will strengthen her shaky habit. 鲁宾说：“因此，在养成强大的习惯之前，您必须养成摇摇欲坠的习惯。” 如果她想听播客，她的牢固习惯，就必须在跑步机上锻炼时这样做。 对她来说，这将加强她摇摇欲坠的习惯。

“My dog...was relatively new to us. He got spooked and got in front of me, and I went flying over the dog...I ended up breaking two ribs,” he said. 他说：“我的狗……对我们来说是相对较新的。他被吓到了，走在我面前，我飞过那只狗……我最终打破了两个肋骨。” There are other dangers in rural areas, said Steven Haywood, an emergency room doctor in Corinth, Mississippi. 密西西比州科林斯市的急诊室医生史蒂文·海伍德（Steven Haywood）说，农村地区还有其他危险。 “Getting struck by vehicles,” he said. “That’s definitely the most life-threatening injury when people are walking their dogs.” 他说：“被车辆击中。” “当人们walking狗时，这绝对是危及生命中最大的伤害。” Areas like his have many roads without sidewalks or wide shoulders. That is especially dangerous when people wear dark clothes with no reflectors or lights and their animal also does not have such protection. 像他这样的地区有许多没有人行道或宽阔肩膀的道路。 当人们穿着没有反射镜或灯光的深色衣服，他们的动物也没有这样的保护，这尤其危险。 In addition to lights and reflectors, there are other things that can minimize dog-walking risks. 除了灯光和反射镜外，还有其他事情可以最大程度地减少行走的风险。 During snowy or icy weather, wear shoes with good treads. Consider wearing shoes with spikes or studs. 在下雪或冰冷的天气中，穿着良好的胎面鞋。 考虑穿上钉子或螺柱的鞋子。 Maxson suggests using a non-retractable leash of 1.8 to 2.4 meters. “Longer leashes are more likely to get tangled around your legs and cause falls. Retractable leashes can sometimes make your dog more difficult to control.” 麦克森建议使用1.8至2.4米的不可返回的皮带。 “更长的皮带更有可能缠绕在腿上并导致跌落。可伸缩的皮带有时会使您的狗更难控制。” They can cause burns when held too close to the body, if they lengthen or retract too quickly. 如果它们延长或缩回过快，它们可能会导致燃烧距离太近。 In San Francisco, dog trainer Shoshi Parks recommends a no-pull harness with a leash clipped to a dog’s chest rather than their back. It gives the walker more control and puts less strain on the dog. 在旧金山，狗训练师Shoshi Parks建议将无皮带皮带夹在狗的胸部而不是背部。 它使步行者更具控制力，并减少对狗的压力。 Parks suggests holding a leash at your center of gravity, near your torso, hip or thigh. Put your hand through the loop of a leash and hold it a little lower down. 公园建议在您的重心，靠近躯干，臀部或大腿的重心。 将您的手放在皮带的环上，然后将其放下一点。 She calls retractable leashes “no go,” meaning you should not use them. They can cause burns when held too close to the body if they lengthen or retract too quickly. 她称可伸缩的皮带为“不走”，这意味着您不应该使用它们。 如果延长或缩回过快，它们可能会导致烧伤时会导致燃烧。For people with problems balancing or moving around, experts suggest seeking help walking a dog, especially in bad weather. Helpers could include a neighbor, an older child or a professional dog walker. 对于有问题或四处走动的人，专家建议寻求帮助walking狗，尤其是在恶劣的天气下。 助手可以包括邻居，大孩子或专业的狗步行者。 Haywood and Maxson agreed that balance and strength-training exercises, especially for older adults, can help decrease the risk of falls and broken bones.海伍德（Haywood）和麦克斯森（Maxson）同意，平衡和力量训练练习，尤其是对于老年人，可以帮助降低跌倒和骨折的风险。And they said working with a dog trainer helps not only the dog but the walker, who can learn to read their dog’s body language better. 他们说，与狗训练师一起工作不仅可以帮助狗，而且对沃克，他们可以学会更好地阅读狗的肢体语言。“Even young, healthy, strong people may have difficulty controlling larger breeds that aren’t used to walking on a leash. Any exercise to give strength, give balance, is going to help,” Haywood said. “Make sure you can control the dog that you’re walking.” 海伍德说：“即使是年轻，健康，坚强的人也可能难以控制不习惯在皮带上行走的较大品种。任何赋予力量，平衡的运动都会有所帮助。” “确保您可以控制自己走路的狗。”

Over the past 20 years, injuries related to dog walking have been on the rise among adults and children in the U.S., Johns Hopkins University researchers say.约翰·霍普金斯大学的研究人员说，在过去的20年中，与dog狗有关的伤害在美国和美国的儿童中一直在增加。 The most common kinds of injuries include broken bones, sprains and head trauma. 最常见的伤害包括骨折，扭伤和头部创伤。From 2001 to 2020, the estimated number of adults treated for dog-walking injuries at emergency departments increased from 7,300 to 32,300 a year. That comes from lead researcher Ridge Maxson who spoke to the Associated Press. 从2001年到2020年，急诊科治疗的成年人估计数量从每年的7,300增加到32,300。 这是来自首席研究员里奇·麦克斯森（Ridge Maxson），他与美联社交谈。 Of those patients, 75 percent were women. Forty-seven percent were adults between ages 40 and 64. 在这些患者中，有75％是女性。 40％的成年人在40至64岁之间。 But that information is only for visits to emergency rooms. Maxson said many people might seek treatment at other healthcare centers for their injuries, including at primary care, specialty or urgent care clinics. 但是，该信息仅用于访问急诊室。 麦克森说，许多人可能会在其他医疗保健中心寻求治疗，包括在初级保健，专科或紧急护理诊所。 He noted that dog ownership has become increasingly common in the United States with about half of households having at least one dog. 他指出，拥有狗的所有权在美国变得越来越普遍，大约一半的家庭至少有一只狗。Safe dog walking involves careful attention and, in some cases, special equipment. That can be especially true in bad weather conditions. 安全的狗步行涉及仔细注意，在某些情况下是特殊设备。 在恶劣天气条件下，这尤其如此。 However, multitasking — doing several tasks at once — can be dangerous. That includes using your mobile phone while doing something else. 但是，多任务处理 - 立即执行多个任务 - 可能是危险的。 这包括在做其他事情时使用手机。 “You can’t really afford to relax when you walk a powerfully built dog...You have to pay attention,” said Noel Holston, a dog owner in Athens, Georgia. 佐治亚州雅典的狗主人诺埃尔·霍尔斯顿（Noel Holston）说：“当您走一只强大的狗时，您真的无法放松一下……您必须注意。” In the early 2000s, Holston was walking his 30-kilogram dog in a park near his home when a large bird made a noise. His dog did what dogs often do and ran after the bird. That pulled Holston off the sidewalk. 在2000年代初期，霍尔斯顿（Holston）在一只大鸟发出声音时，在他家附近的公园里走了30公里的狗。 他的狗做了狗经常做的事情，然后跑了鸟。 那把霍尔斯顿从人行道上拉了下来。 “I stepped into a hole and heard my left ankle snap. The pain was so intense. I almost passed out,” said Holston who is now 76 years old. “我走进一个洞，听到我的左脚踝快照。疼痛是如此激烈。我差点昏倒了，”现年76岁的霍尔斯顿说。 Running with a leashed dog is another risk no matter how well trained you think your dog is. The activity is especially dangerous with a dog that is easily surprised or very young. That is what happened to Robert Godosky in New York City. 无论您认为狗的训练程度如何，用牵引狗奔跑都是另一种风险。 这项活动特别危险，很容易感到惊讶或很年轻。 这就是纽约市的罗伯特·戈斯基（Robert Godosky）发生的事情。

The ice megalith had been drifting since December, when it entered warmer waters known as Iceberg Alley. 这个巨大的冰块从去年十二月起就在海上漂流，当时它进入了一片被称为 “冰山走廊” 的温暖水域。 It has now hit the continental shelf off South Georgia, where it appears to be firmly grounded. It will slowly decay, shedding chunks of ice and vast amounts of water. 这座冰山目前已经撞在了南乔治亚岛附近的大陆架上，并且看上去已经彻底搁浅了。它将会缓慢地融化分解，并掉落出大块的冰以及大量的水。 There were fears that seal and penguin colonies could have been wiped out when it ran aground, but that disaster seems to have been averted. It could still affect some macaroni penguins feeding in the area, and fishermen are worried they will have to battle with the smaller icebergs that break off. 人们曾担忧这座冰山在搁浅时会导致海豹和企鹅群落被完全摧毁，但这一灾难似乎已经得以被避免。这座冰山仍可能会影响一些在该区域觅食的长眉企鹅，并且渔民也在担心他们将需要和脱落下来的小型冰山作斗争。

What's described as one of the most comprehensive global studies of the rise in unhealthy weights, published in the journal The Lancet, makes for grim reading. 这项研究被称为针对非健康体重人数上升趋势的最全面的研究之一，这项被发表在《柳叶刀》杂志上的研究读起来令人颇为悲观。 The proportion of people who are overweight or obese has more than doubled in the past 30 years, but it's predicted that by 2050, this will include well over half of all adults and a third of children and adolescents. 超重或肥胖的人口比例在过去的三十年中增加了一倍多，不过预测称到 2050 年，超过一半的成年人和三分之一的儿童和青少年都将步入超重或肥胖的行列。 Obesity rates are surging right now. By the end of the decade, more people are forecast to be classed as obese than overweight. The picture is wildly uneven across the globe, with some of the biggest increases seen in lower- and middle-income countries. 肥胖率正在激增。到 2020 年代末，预计将有更多的人被划分为肥胖而非超重。全球各地的肥胖率变化情况大不相同，最大的肥胖率增幅将出现在低收入和中等收入国家。 But the study doesn't take into account the impact that new weight loss medications might have. And experts say if governments take urgent action now, there's still time to prevent what they describe as "a profound tragedy". 不过，这一研究并未把新减肥药可能产生的影响考虑在内。专家表示，如果各国政府现在采取紧急措施，那么依然来得及防止 “一场重大悲剧” 的发生。

Many people have heard about the walking goal of 10,000 steps a day. This advice dates back to a 1960s marketing campaign in Japan. But, experts note that this is only a guideline. 许多人每天听说了10,000个步骤的步行目标。 该建议可以追溯到日本的1960年代营销活动。 但是，专家指出，这只是指导方针。 Shmied said the average American walks about 3,000 to 4,000 steps a day, and it is fine to increase that number to 10,000. Shmied说，美国人平均每天步行约3,000至4,000步，这可以将该数字增加到10,000。 Setting a time goal can also be useful. Shmied suggests dividing the recommended 150 minutes per week into 30 minutes a day, or 10 minutes three times a day, for five days. During rainy or snowy weather, people can walk in malls or on treadmills. 设定时间目标也可能有用。 Shmied建议将建议的每周150分钟分为每天30分钟，或每天10分钟，持续5天。 在多雨或下雪的天气中，人们可以在购物中心或跑步机上行走。 As they become seasoned walkers, they can speed up or walk up hills while still keeping the activity level moderate. 当他们成为经验丰富的步行者时，他们可以加快或走上山坡，同时保持活动水平适中。 “If you can talk but not sing,” Eby said, “that’s what we consider moderate-intensity exercise.” 埃比说：“如果你能说话但不能唱歌，那就是我们认为中等强度的练习。”Walking with friends, including dogs, is one way to keep walking.与包括狗在内的朋友同行是继续行走的一种方式。Walking clubs have appeared across the nation. In 2022, 31-year-old personal trainer Brianna Joye Kohn started City Girls Who Walk with a TikTok post inviting others to walk with her in New York. 步行俱乐部已经出现在全国范围内。 2022年，31岁的私人教练Brianna Joye Kohn成立了城市女孩，她与Tiktok帖子一起邀请其他人在纽约和她同行。“We had 250 girls show up,” she said.“我们有 250 名女孩到场，”她说。Since then, the group has walked every Sunday for around 40 minutes, with some meeting afterward for a meal or coffee. 从那以后，该小组每个星期日都走了大约40分钟，随后进行了一顿饭或咖啡。 The Louisville Zoo launched its walking club in 1987. It joined with Norton Healthcare in 2004 to expand it and now has more than 15,000 registered members. Every day from March 1 through October 31, people walk around and around the zoo before it officially opens. 路易斯维尔动物园（Louisville Zoo）于1987年推出了步行俱乐部。它于2004年与诺顿医疗保健（Norton Healthcare）一起扩大了它，现在拥有15,000多名注册成员。 从3月1日至10月31日，每天，人们正式开放之前，人们在动物园周围和周围走动。 Recently, Janet Rapp walked down a path through the city zoo, waving at friends and stopping briefly to greet big flightless birds called emus that she knows by name. 最近，珍妮特·拉普（Janet Rapp）走过一条穿过城市动物园的小路，向朋友挥手，短暂地向她招呼的大型无飞鸟招呼她知道，她知道了。 The 71-year-old retiree starts each morning this way with a walking club. 这位71岁的退休人员每天早晨都有一个步行俱乐部开始。 “I’m obsessed,” she said. Not only does it ease her joint pain, “it just gives me energy…And then it calms me, too.” 她说：“我很痴迷。” 它不仅减轻了她的关节痛，“它只是给了我能量……然后它也使我平静。”

Many medical experts say that walking is an easy way to improve physical and mental health, support fitness and prevent disease. They advise that walking is a great first step toward a healthy life although other forms of exercise are also important. 许多医学专家说，步行是改善身心健康，支持健身并预防疾病的一种简单方法。 他们建议步行是迈向健康生活的重要第一步，尽管其他形式的运动也很重要。Dr. Sarah Eby is a sports medicine physician with Mass General Brigham in the state of Massachusetts. Eby said walking has many good effects and people do not need extra things. “You don’t need equipment and you don’t need a gym membership,” Eby noted “And the benefits are so vast.” 莎拉·埃比（Sarah Eby）博士是马萨诸塞州大众杨百翰（Mass Brigham）的运动医学医师。 埃比说，步行有许多好的效果，人们不需要额外的东西。 Eby指出：“您不需要设备，也不需要健身房会员资格，而且好处是如此巨大。” The U.S. surgeon general, a federal health officer, recommends that adults get at least two and a half hours of moderate-intensity physical activity every week. 美国外科医生是联邦卫生官员，建议成年人每周至少接受至少两个半小时的中等强度体育锻炼。 Walking helps meet that goal. Exercise lowers the risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, dementia, depression and many kinds of cancer. 步行有助于实现这一目标。 运动降低了心脏病，高血压，痴呆，抑郁症和多种癌症的风险。 Walking also helps blood sugar levels, is good for bone health, and can help people lose weight and sleep better. That is what Julie Schmied said. She is a health care worker with Norton Healthcare in Kentucky, which runs the free Get Healthy Walking Club. 步行也有助于血糖水平，对骨骼健康有益，可以帮助人们减肥和睡眠更好。 这就是朱莉·施米德（Julie Schmied）所说的。 她是肯塔基州诺顿医疗保健公司（Norton Healthcare）的一名卫生保健工作者，该工作人员拥有自由的“健康步行俱乐部”。Walking is also a relatively low-impact exercise that puts less pressure on joints than other exercises while strengthening the heart and lungs. 步行也是一种相对较低的影响运动，比其他锻炼的关节施加较小的压力，同时增强心脏和肺部。 James Blankenship is 68 years old. He said joining a walking club at the Louisville Zoo last year helped him recover after a heart attack and a complex triple-bypass heart operation in 2022. 詹姆斯·布兰肯（James Blankenship）今年68岁。 他说，去年加入路易斯维尔动物园的一个步行俱乐部，帮助他在2022年心脏病发作和复杂的三重伴随心脏手术后康复。 “My cardiologist says I’m doing great,” he said. 他说：“我的心脏病专家说我做得很好。” Some say walking is not enough. Anita Gust teaches exercise science at the University of Minnesota Crookston. Gust said walking “is not enough for overall health and well-being” because it does not provide resistance training that builds muscle strength and endurance. 有人说步行还不够。 Anita Gust在明尼苏达大学克鲁克斯顿大学教授科学。 阵风说，步行“不足以满足整体健康和福祉”，因为它不能提供抗药性训练来增强肌肉力量和耐力。 Some health experts say that is especially important for healthy bone development in women as they age. 一些健康专家说，这对于随着年龄的增长而对女性的健康骨骼发育尤为重要。Experts recommend adding other activities at least twice weekly. These could include using weights, gym equipment or one’s own body for resistance exercises. Training that improves flexibility, like yoga or stretching, can also be helpful. 专家建议至少每周两次添加其他活动。 这些可能包括使用重量，健身器材或自己的身体进行抵抗运动。 提高灵活性（例如瑜伽或拉伸）的训练也可能会有所帮助。

With one breathing exercise, she breaths in through one nostril and then out through the other. She uses a thumb or forefinger to hold one nostril closed at a time.通过一次呼吸运动，她通过一个鼻孔呼吸，然后通过另一个鼻子呼吸。 她使用拇指或食指一次闭合一个鼻孔。“It relaxes my mind. It makes my mind so full of ease. It brings you back to the present moment,” she added.她补充说：“这让我放松。这使我的想法变得如此轻松。它使您回到了现在。”To get ahead of anxiety before starting her workday, sales representative Lindsay Carlisle of Michigan does breathing exercises with her seven-year-old daughter during their drive to school. They breathe in for seven counts, hold their breath for five, and then breathe out for seven counts. They repeat this several times.为了在开始工作日之前焦虑，密歇根州的销售代表林赛·卡莱尔（Lindsay Carlisle）在开车上学期间与她的七岁女儿进行了呼吸练习。 他们呼吸了七项，呼吸五个，然后呼吸七个。 他们重复了几次。“Throughout that process, my shoulders start to drop on their own, and it really is calming,” Carlisle said.卡莱尔说：“在整个过程中，我的肩膀开始自行下降，这确实很平静。”Suze Yalof Schwartz was an overworked magazine editor when her mother-in-law taught her a three-minute meditation method.Suze Yalof Schwartz是一位过度劳累的杂志编辑，当时她的婆婆教她三分钟的冥想方法。Yalof Schwartz says it changed her life. She left her career and founded Unplug Meditation, a Santa Monica, California, company with a meditation studio, an app, and programs for corporate customers.Yalof Schwartz说这改变了她的生活。 她离开了职业生涯，并创立了插入冥想，加利福尼亚州圣塔莫尼卡的插头冥想，由冥想工作室，应用程序和企业客户的计划。“When we slow down our breath, we send a signal to our brain that everything’s OK, even when it’s not,” she said.她说：“当我们放慢呼吸时，我们向大脑发出信号，即使一切都没有。”Another 16-second breathing exercise is called box breathing. You breathe in for four counts, hold for four, breathe out for four counts and hold for another four. Yalof Schwartz has taught it to people in stressful jobs including firefighters, police and doctors.另一项16秒的呼吸练习称为box呼吸。 您要呼吸四项，持有四个，呼吸四个计数，然后再持续四个。 Yalof Schwartz已将其教给包括消防员，警察和医生在内的压力大事的人们。“It is the best thing that you can do at work before you have a meeting, before you send out an email that you wish you didn’t send, before you have a difficult conversation, because it just calms you down, gets rid of your negative energy,” she said.她说：“这是在开会之前，在您发送希望不要发送的电子邮件之前，您可以在工作之前做的最好的事情，在您进行艰难的交谈之前，因为它只是让您平静下来，摆脱了负面能量。”Employers such as Coca-Cola, Mattel and Netflix have used Unplug Meditation to teach breathing or meditation.可口可乐，美泰和Netflix等雇主已经使用插入冥想来教授呼吸或冥想。It is not always easy for workers to find space for deep breathing exercises. For example, salespeople often work alongside their customers. Yalof Schwartz suggests doing breathing exercises when making a sale or organizing items.对于工人来说，找到深呼吸练习的空间并不总是那么容易。 例如，销售人员经常与客户一起工作。 Yalof Schwartz建议在销售或组织物品时进行呼吸练习。Carlisle, the sales representative, sets a timer on her phone telling her to breathe deeply. She also keeps a note near her computer that simply says “Breathe.”销售代表卡莱尔（Carlisle）在手机上设置了一个计时器，告诉她深呼吸。 她还在计算机附近保留一张笔记，简单地说“呼吸”。“The anxiety is always going to be there,” Carlisle said. “But at least I know I have one small tool. ... It sounds so simple and silly, but it works.”卡莱尔说：“焦虑总是会在那里。” “但是至少我知道我有一个小工具。...听起来很简单和愚蠢，但是它有效。”

At Myosin Marketing in Austin, Texas, the group employee meeting begins with an uncommon activity for a workplace. The members gather on Zoom and the head of the company, Sean Clayton, leads them through a deep-breathing exercise.在德克萨斯州奥斯汀的肌球蛋白营销中，小组员工会议始于工作场所的不常见活动。 成员聚集在Zoom上，公司负责人Sean Clayton带领他们进行了深入的锻炼。Clayton says the activity helps his employees relax and to be willing to take creative risks.克莱顿说，这项活动可以帮助他的员工放松身心，并愿意承担创造性的风险。“At first they thought it was really weird,” he said, adding that most people turned off their cameras. But, after a couple of weeks, there was a change. The employees said the deep breathing felt good.他说：“起初他们认为这真的很奇怪。”他补充说，大多数人关闭了相机。 但是，经过几周后，发生了变化。 员工说，深呼吸感觉很好。Studies show that deep breathing can be an effective way to reduce tension, or stress, at work. But people may not think about their breathing while on the job.研究表明，深呼吸可能是减轻工作中紧张或压力的有效方法。 但是人们可能不会在工作中考虑呼吸。Workers who sit at computers for long periods tend to take shallow breaths as their shoulders slowly rise. Workers who spend the day on their feet in retail or health care may be too busy to center their attention on breathing.长时间坐在计算机上的工人随着肩膀慢慢升高而呼吸浅。 在零售或医疗保健上度过一天的工人可能太忙了，无法将注意力集中在呼吸上。But there is good reason to stop what you are doing and take deep breaths, research suggests.但是，有充分的理由可以停止您的工作并深吸一口气。Long-lasting stress can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke. Experts at the American Heart Association say it can be as harmful as secondhand smoke. Research suggests deep-breathing exercises can lower a person’s blood pressure and reduce anxiety.持久的压力会增加心脏病和中风的风险。 美国心脏协会的专家说，它可能与二手烟一样有害。 研究表明，深呼吸运动可以降低一个人的血压并减轻焦虑。There are many benefits to deep breathing. For starters, it is free. It can be done anywhere. And unlike a 30-minute meditation practice, most deep breathing exercises do not take much time.深呼吸有很多好处。 对于初学者来说，它是免费的。 可以在任何地方完成。 与30分钟的冥想练习不同，大多数深呼吸练习都不需要太多时间。Also, it gives you something to focus on – your breathing. Experts say that this can help to calm racing thoughts.另外，它为您提供了一些重点 - 呼吸。 专家说，这可以有助于平息赛车的想法。Focusing on breathing for one to five minutes can help you clear your mind and let you “get back to focusing on the one thing you want to accomplish,” said Glenn Levine. He is a heart and blood system doctor and professor at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston, Texas.Glenn Levine说，专注于呼吸一到五分钟可以帮助您清除头脑，让您“重新专注于要完成的一件事”。 他是德克萨斯州休斯敦贝勒医学院的心脏和血液系统医生兼教授。A good way to do deep breathing exercises is outside, Levine said. However, if that is not possible, doing them at a desk works.莱文说，在外面进行深呼吸练习的一个好方法。 但是，如果不可能，请在桌子上工作。“Instead of focusing on the screen or work, just focus on your breathing. If possible,” Levine said, “close your eyes.”莱文说：“只要专注于屏幕或工作，而是专注于呼吸。”Even very busy people can find time for daily breathing exercises.即使是非常忙碌的人也可以找到时间进行日常呼吸运动。Lisa Marie Deleveaux is a marketing professional and mother of five. She lost her job several months ago and has struggled to find a new one. Deleveaux wakes early most mornings before her children, to do breathing exercises.丽莎·玛丽·德莱夫（Lisa Marie Deleveaux）是一位营销专业人士，也是五岁的母亲。 她几个月前失去了工作，并努力寻找新工作。 德列夫（Deleveaux）早晨早上早晨醒来，做呼吸练习。“If you set a priority for yourself ... you can make the time,” Deleveaux said.Deleveaux说：“如果您自己设定优先级……您可以花时间。”

In a small corner of Lyceum 20, a type of school comprising primary and secondary ones, in Vinnytsia, Ukraine, students, teachers and community members recently gathered as the aroma of food wafted through the air. 在Lyceum 20的一个小角落，这是一种由小学和次要的学校组成的类型，在Vinnytsia，乌克兰，学生，老师和社区成员最近聚集在一起，因为食物的香气在空中飘散。 It was not just a usual school event. It was a celebration of varenyky, the beloved Ukrainian dumplings. 这不仅是通常的学校活动。 这是对乌克兰饺子的瓦雷尼（Varenyky）的庆祝活动。Varenyky is much more than a delicious Ukrainian dish. The food represents the heart and soul of a nation. It is a sign of hospitality, unity, and tradition, making it perfect for a school festival to bring people together. Varenyky不仅仅是美味的乌克兰菜。 食物代表一个民族的心灵。 这是款待，团结和传统的标志，非常适合将人们聚集在一起。 Every year, schools across Ukraine come alive with the spirit of unity when different festivals are organized. This year, the festival in the Lyceum served several purposes. In addition to bringing the community together, it was organized to provide much-needed assistance to children in need and the brave men and women in the army. 每年，当组织不同的节日时，乌克兰的学校都充满了团结的精神。 今年，Lyceum的节日有几个目的。 除了将社区聚集在一起外，它还组织了为有需要的儿童以及军队中勇敢的男人和女人提供急需的援助。 Due to the war a lot of people, especially children, were forced to flee from the eastern parts of the country. They lost their parents and friends, houses and other belongings. So, they need both psychological and financial help. 由于战争，很多人，尤其是儿童，被迫逃离该国东部地区。 他们失去了父母，朋友，房屋和其他物品。 因此，他们需要心理和经济帮助。 In a perogy festival, students, parents, and teachers worked to prepare several kinds of foods, including dumplings. The school became a center of culinary creativity, with everyone working together to create the tastiest varenyky. The place of education became a colorful market decorated with pumpkins and snowball trees. Food and dumplings included many fillings, from classic potato and cheese to sweet fruit-filled varieties, salmon, ricotta, herring, and beans. 在彻底的节日中，学生，父母和老师努力准备几种食物，包括饺子。 学校成为烹饪创造力的中心，每个人共同努力创造了最美味的Varenyky。 教育地点变成了一个色彩缤纷的市场，上面装饰着南瓜和雪球树。 食物和饺子包括许多馅料，从经典的土豆和奶酪到甜果品种，鲑鱼，意大利乳清干酪，鲱鱼和豆类。Beyond food, the perogy festival was also a beacon of hope for those who need it most. 除了食物之外，Perogy Festival也是最需要的人的希望灯塔。 Children, who are often the most vulnerable members of society, received support from this festival. Andriy Nazarenko (grade 5-D) moved to Vinnytsia from Bakhmut. This town is completely destroyed nowadays. He was excited to take part in the event. 通常是社会上最脆弱的成员的孩子，得到了这个节日的支持。 Andriy Nazarenko（5-D级）从Bakhmut搬到Vinnytsia。 如今，这个城镇被彻底摧毁。 他很高兴参加活动。 “I did not expect to get such support from my new teachers and classmates. I am really touched,” said the boy. 男孩说：“我没想到我的新老师和同学会得到这样的支持。我真的很感动。” Money raised from the festival also went to soldiers who defend the nation and provide equipment and supplies for the Ukrainian military. 节日中筹集的资金也献给了捍卫国家并为乌克兰军队提供设备和用品的士兵。Through their involvement in the festival, students learned that they can make a difference in the world, no matter their age. 通过参与节日，学生们了解到，无论年龄多大，他们都可以在世界上有所作为。 

Unless we do something to prevent it, over the next 40 years we’re facing an epidemic of neurologic diseases on a global scale. A cheery thought. On this map, every country that’s colored blue has more than 20 percent of its population over the age of 65. This is the world we live in. And this is the world your children will live in.除非我们采取措施加以预防，否则在接下来的40年里，我们将面临一场全球范围的神经系统疾病大流行。多么令人振奋的消息。在这张地图上，所有被涂成蓝色的国家，其65岁以上人口都超过了20%。这就是我们生活的世界，也将是你子女生活的世界。For 12,000 years, the distribution of ages in the human population has looked like a pyramid, with the oldest on top. It’s already flattening out. By 2050, it’s going to be a column and will start to invert. This is why it’s happening. The average lifespan’s more than doubled since 1840, and it’s increasing currently at the rate of about five hours every day. And this is why that’s not entirely a good thing: because over the age of 65, your risk of getting Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease will increase exponentially.在人类历史上的12,000年里，人口年龄结构一直呈金字塔形，最年长者位于顶部。如今，这种结构已经开始趋于平坦。到2050年，它将变成柱状结构，甚至开始倒转。其原因在于，自1840年以来，人类的平均寿命已经翻了一倍，目前仍以每天大约增加五小时的速度在延长。而这并不完全是件好事：因为65岁以后，罹患阿尔茨海默症或帕金森症的风险会呈指数增长。By 2050, there’ll be about 32 million people in the United States over the age of 80, and unless we do something about it, half of them will have Alzheimer’s disease and three million more will have Parkinson’s disease. Right now, those and other neurologic diseases -- for which we have no cure or prevention -- cost about a third of a trillion dollars a year.到2050年，美国将有大约3200万人超过80岁，如果我们不采取行动，其中一半人将患有阿尔茨海默症，还有三百万人将患帕金森症。目前，这些无法治愈或预防的神经系统疾病，每年已花费约三千亿美元。It will be well over a trillion dollars by 2050. Alzheimer’s disease starts when a protein that should be folded up properly misfolds into a kind of demented origami. So one approach we’re taking is to try to design drugs that function like molecular Scotch tape, to hold the protein into its proper shape. That would keep it from forming the tangles that seem to kill large sections of the brain when they do.到2050年，这项花费将超过一万亿美元。阿尔茨海默症的起始是某种原本应当正常折叠的蛋白质，错误地折叠成一种“痴呆折纸”状态。因此，我们采取的其中一种策略是研发一种类似分子胶带的药物，使蛋白质保持在正确的结构中，从而阻止其形成那些会破坏大脑大片区域的缠结。Interestingly enough, other neurologic diseases which affect very different parts of the brain also show tangles of misfolded protein, which suggests that the approach might be a general one, and might be used to cure many neurologic diseases, not just Alzheimer’s disease. There’s also a fascinating connection to cancer here, because people with neurologic diseases have a very low incidence of most cancers. And this is a connection that most people aren’t pursuing right now, but which we’re fascinated by.有趣的是，其他影响大脑不同部位的神经系统疾病，也表现出类似的蛋白质错误折叠缠结现象，这表明这种治疗方法可能具有普适性，或许不仅可以治疗阿尔茨海默症，也能用于其他神经类疾病。此外，还有一个令人着迷的联系：患有神经系统疾病的人，其患大多数癌症的几率非常低。虽然目前很少有人深入研究这一联系，但我们对此深感兴趣。Most of the important and all of the creative work in this area is being funded by private philanthropies. And there’s tremendous scope for additional private help here, because the government has dropped the ball on much of this, I’m afraid. In the meantime, while we’re waiting for all these things to happen, here’s what you can do for yourself. If you want to lower your risk of Parkinson’s disease, caffeine is protective to some extent; nobody knows why. Head injuries are bad for you.目前，这一领域中大部分重要且富有创造力的研究工作，都是由私人慈善基金资助的。而且这里仍有很大的空间，欢迎更多私人力量加入，因为恐怕政府在这方面已经失职。在等待这些成果实现的同时，你自己也可以采取一些措施。如果你想降低患帕金森症的风险，咖啡因在某种程度上具有保护作用，尽管没人知道具体原因。头部受伤则对你非常不利。They lead to Parkinson’s disease. And the Avian Flu is also not a good idea. As far as protecting yourself against Alzheimer’s disease, well, it turns out that fish oil has the effect of reducing your risk for Alzheimer’s disease. You should also keep your blood pressure down, because chronic high blood pressure is the biggest single risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. It’s also the biggest risk factor for glaucoma, which is just Alzheimer’s disease of the eye. And of course, when it comes to cognitive effects, "use it or lose it" applies, so you want to stay mentally stimulated. But hey, you’re listening to me. So you’ve got that covered. And one final thing. Wish people like me luck, okay? Because the clock is ticking for all of us.头部受伤会导致帕金森症。禽流感也不是件好事。至于如何预防阿尔茨海默症，研究发现鱼油能降低患病风险。你还应当保持血压稳定，因为长期高血压是阿尔茨海默症最主要的风险因素，也是青光眼的最大风险因素，而青光眼本质上可以看作是眼睛的阿尔茨海默症。当然，在认知功能方面，“用进废退”始终适用，所以你需要保持大脑活跃。但嘿，你现在正在听我说话，所以你已经做到了。最后一点，请为像我这样的人祝福吧，因为时间正在为我们所有人倒数。

Namaste. Salaam. Shalom. Sat Sri Akal. Greetings to all of you from Pakistan.合十礼、平安、问候，向大家致以来自巴基斯坦的问候。And what follows is a stream of images, a series of images captured by some of Pakistan's most dynamic and young photographers, that aims to give you an alternative glimpse, a look inside the hearts and minds of some ordinary Pakistani citizens. Here are some of the stories they wanted us to share with you.接下来是一系列影像，这些照片由巴基斯坦一些最具活力的年轻摄影师拍摄，旨在为你提供另一种视角，让你走进一些普通巴基斯坦人的内心世界。他们希望我们向你们分享他们的故事。My name is Abdul Khan. I come from Peshawar. I hope that you will be able to see not just my Taliban-like beard, but also the richness and color of my perceptions, aspirations and dreams, as rich and colorful as the satchels that I sell.我叫阿卜杜勒·汗，来自白沙瓦。我希望你们不仅仅看到我那与塔利班相似的胡须，还能看到我的思想、愿望和梦想，它们就像我出售的包袋一样丰富多彩。My name is Meher and this is my friend Irim. I hope to become a vet when I grow up so that I can take care of stray cats and dogs who wander around the streets of the village that I live near Gilgit, northern Pakistan.我叫梅赫尔，这是我的朋友伊琳。我希望长大后成为一名兽医，这样我就能照顾那些在巴基斯坦北部吉尔吉特附近村庄街头流浪的猫狗。My name is Kailash. And I like to enrich lives through technicolored glass. Madame, would you like some of those orange bangles with the pink polka dots?我叫凯拉什，我喜欢用五彩斑斓的玻璃丰富人们的生活。女士，您想要一些橙色的手镯，上面带有粉色圆点吗？My name is Zamin. And I'm an IDP, an internally displaced person, from Swat. Do you see me on the other side of this fence? Do I matter, or really exist for you?我叫扎明，是来自斯瓦特的国内流离失所者。你能看到我站在这道栅栏的另一边吗？在你们眼中，我重要吗？我真的存在吗？My name is Iman. I am a fashion model, an up-and-coming model from Lahore. Do you see me simply smothered in cloth? Or can you move beyond my veil and see me for who I truly am inside?我叫伊曼，是一名来自拉合尔的新晋时尚模特。你看到的只是被布料包裹的我，还是能够透过面纱，看到我真实的内心世界？My name is Ahmed. I am an Afghan refugee from the Khyber agency. I have come from a place of intense darkness. And that is why I want to illuminate the world.我叫艾哈迈德，是来自开伯尔地区的阿富汗难民。我来自一个充满黑暗的地方，因此我渴望点亮世界。My name is Papusay. My heart and drum beat as one. If religion is the opium of the masses, then for me, music is my one and only ganja.我叫帕普赛，我的心跳和我的鼓声融为一体。如果说宗教是大众的鸦片，那么对我来说，音乐就是我唯一的“甘蔗”（比喻精神寄托）。A rising tide lifts all boats. And the rising tide of India's spectacular economic growth has lifted over 400 million Indians into a buoyant middle class. But there are still over 650 million Indians, Pakistanis, Sri Lankans, Bangladeshis, Nepalese, who remain washed up on the shores of poverty.潮起时，所有的船都会升高。印度令人瞩目的经济增长已经将超过四亿印度人带入了欣欣向荣的中产阶级。但与此同时，仍有超过六亿五千万的印度人、巴基斯坦人、斯里兰卡人、孟加拉人和尼泊尔人，被贫困的浪潮冲到了岸上。Therefore as India and Pakistan, as you and I, it behooves us to transcend our differences, to celebrate our diversity, to leverage our common humanity.因此，作为印度人和巴基斯坦人，作为你和我，我们应当超越分歧，庆祝多样性，并借助我们共同的人性。Our collective vision at Naya Jeevan, which for many of you, as you all recognize, means "new life" in Urdu and Hindi, is to rejuvenate the lives of millions of low-income families by providing them with affordable access to catastrophic health care. Indeed it is the emerging world's first HMO for the urban working poor.我们在 Naya Jeevan（乌尔都语和印地语中意为“新生命”）的共同愿景，是通过提供可负担的灾难性医疗保障，让数百万低收入家庭的生活焕然一新。这是发展中世界第一个面向城市贫困劳动者的健康维护组织（HMO）。Why should we do this as Indians and Pakistanis? We are but two threads cut from the same cloth.作为印度人和巴基斯坦人，我们为什么要做这些？因为我们本就是同一块布料上剪下的两根丝线。And if our fates are intertwined, then we believe that it is good karma, it is good fortune. And for many of us, our fortunes do indeed lie at the bottom of the pyramid. Thank you.如果我们的命运交织在一起，那么我们相信这是善因，是福报。而对于我们许多人来说，我们的财富确实深藏在金字塔的底部。谢谢。Fantastic. Just stay up here. That was fantastic. I found that really moving.太棒了，请留在台上。这真的太棒了，我深受感动。You know, we fought hard to get at least a small Pakistani contingent to come. It felt like it was really important.你知道，我们费尽周折才让一小批巴基斯坦代表来到这里。这真的很重要。They went through a lot to get here. Would the Pakistanis please just stand up please? I just really wanted to acknowledge you.他们经历了许多才来到这里。请在场的巴基斯坦朋友站起来好吗？我真的想向你们表达敬意。

This is a world-changing invention. The smoke alarm has saved perhaps hundreds of thousands of lives, worldwide. But smoke alarms don't prevent fires.这是一个改变世界的发明。烟雾报警器可能已经在全球范围内挽救了成千上万的生命。但是，烟雾报警器并不能预防火灾。Every year in the USA, over 20,000 are killed or injured with 350,000 home fires. And one of the main causes of all these fires is electricity. What if we could prevent electrical fires before they start? Well, a couple of friends and I figured out how to do this.每年，美国有超过 20,000 人因 350,000 起家庭火灾而丧生或受伤。其中一个主要的起火原因是电力。如果我们能在电气火灾发生之前就加以预防呢？我和几位朋友找到了解决办法。So how does electricity ignite residential fires? Well, it turns out that the main causes are faulty and misused appliances and electrical wiring. Our invention had to address all of these issues. So what about circuit breakers? Well, Thomas Edison invented the circuit breaker in 1879. This is 130-year-old technology, and this is a problem, because over 80 percent of all home electrical fires start below the safety threshold of circuit breakers. Hmmm ...那么，电力是如何引发家庭火灾的呢？事实证明，主要原因是故障电器、不当使用电器以及电线老化。我们的发明必须解决所有这些问题。那么，断路器能否起作用？其实，托马斯·爱迪生早在 1879 年就发明了断路器。这项技术已有 130 年的历史，而这正是个问题，因为超过 80% 的家庭电气火灾发生时，电流都在断路器的安全阈值以下。嗯……So we considered all of this. And we realized that electrical appliances must be able to communicate directly with the power receptacle itself. Any electrical device -- an appliance, an extension cord, whatever -- must be able to tell the power outlet, "Hey, power outlet, I'm drawing too much current. Shut me off now, before I start a fire." And the power outlet needs to be smart enough to do it. So here is what we did. We put a 10-cent digital transponder, a data tag, in the appliance plug. And we put an inexpensive, wireless data reader inside the receptacle so they could communicate.于是，我们认真思考了这个问题，并意识到电器必须能够直接与电源插座进行通信。任何电器——无论是家电、延长线还是其他设备——都必须能向电源插座发送信号：“嘿，电源插座，我的电流过载了，快关掉我，否则我可能会引发火灾。”而电源插座必须足够智能，能够执行这个指令。因此，我们的做法是：在电器插头内安装一个成本仅 10 美分的数字传感器（数据标签），并在插座内部放置一个廉价的无线数据读取器，让它们能够互相通信。Now, every home electrical system becomes an intelligent network. The appliance's safe operating parameters are embedded into its plug. If too much current is flowing, the intelligent receptacle turns itself off, and prevents another fire from starting. We call this technology EFCI, Electrical Fault Circuit Interrupter.这样，每个家庭的电力系统都变成了一个智能网络。电器的安全运行参数被写入其插头中。如果电流过载，智能插座就会自动断电，防止火灾发生。我们称这种技术为 EFCI（电气故障断路器）。Okay, two more points. Every year in the USA, roughly 2,500 children are admitted to emergency rooms for shock and burn injuries related to electrical receptacles. And this is crazy. An intelligent receptacle prevents injuries because the power is always off, until an intelligent plug is detected. Simple.还有两个关键点。每年，美国约有 2,500 名儿童因电源插座导致的电击和烧伤而被送往急诊室。这太可怕了。而智能插座可以防止这些伤害，因为在检测到智能插头之前，插座的电源始终处于关闭状态。这很简单。Now, besides saving lives, perhaps the greatest benefit of intelligent power is in its energy savings. This invention will reduce global energy consumption by allowing remote control and automation of every outlet in every home and business. Now you can choose to reduce your home energy bill by automatically cycling heavy loads like air conditioners and heaters. Hotels and businesses can shut down unused rooms from a central location, or even a cell phone. There are 10 billion electrical outlets in North America alone. The potential energy savings is very, very significant.除了拯救生命之外，智能电力的另一个巨大优势是节能。这项发明可以通过远程控制和自动化管理家庭和企业中的每个插座，从而降低全球能源消耗。现在，你可以选择通过自动循环控制空调、暖气等高耗能设备来减少家庭能源账单。酒店和企业可以通过中央控制系统，甚至手机，关闭未使用的房间。仅在北美，就有 100 亿个电源插座，其节能潜力是非常巨大的。So far we've applied for 414 patent claims. Of those, 186 have been granted: 228 are in process. And I'm pleased to announce that just three weeks ago we received our first international recognition, the 2009 CES Innovation Award.到目前为止，我们已申请了 414 项专利，其中 186 项已获批准，228 项正在申请中。我很高兴地宣布，就在三周前，我们获得了第一个国际认可——2009 年 CES 创新奖。So, to conclude, intelligent power can, globally, save thousands of lives, prevent tens of thousands of injuries, and eliminate tens of billions of dollars in property damage every single year, while significantly reducing global energy consumption. In the spirit of this year's TED Conference, we think this is a powerful, world-changing invention. And I'd like to thank Chris for this opportunity to unveil our technology with you, and soon the world. Thank you.总而言之，智能电力每年可以在全球范围内拯救数千人的生命，防止数万起伤害，减少数百亿美元的财产损失，并显著降低全球能源消耗。秉承本届 TED 大会的精神，我们认为这是一个强大且能改变世界的发明。我还要感谢 Chris 给我这个机会，与大家——很快也会与全世界——分享我们的技术。谢谢大家！ 

Ukraine is known for its historical landmarks like Saint Sophia Cathedral and Independence Square, big cities like Kyiv and Kharkiv, and the ports of the Black Sea. Few visitors, however, know about the small and picturesque villages of one of the largest countries in Eastern Europe. 乌克兰以其历史地标，例如圣索菲亚大教堂和独立广场，基辅和哈尔基夫等大城市以及黑海的港口而闻名。 但是，很少有游客知道东欧最大的国家之一的小村庄。 Today, we will learn about Tupychiv, a small village nearly 200 kilometers north of the capital city of Kyiv. 今天，我们将了解Tupychiv，这是一个小村庄，一个小村庄，位于首都基辅以北近200公里。 Tupychiv is one of 11 small villages in the Chernihiv area. From the regional center of Chernihiv, visitors can take a bus or car to Tupychiv. The small village has no link to important historical events or possesses any major architecture. What it does have is nature. Tupychiv是切尔尼希夫地区的11个小村庄之一。 从切尔尼夫地区中心，游客可以乘公共汽车或汽车去图皮奇夫。 这个小村庄与重要的历史事件没有联系，也没有任何重大建筑。 它的确是自然。Tupychiv is surrounded by forests. The woods are more than just an ecosystem. They are a part of life for people in the area. Workers look after the forests to keep the trees, including birch, oak, pine, and fir, in order. Tupychiv被森林包围。 树林不仅仅是一个生态系统。 它们是该地区人们生活的一部分。 工人照顾森林，以井井有条，包括桦木，橡木，松树和冷杉。 In early spring, fresh green leaves blossom on the trees and bushes. The sound of birds singing fills every corner of the forest promising new life and joy after the cold winter day. In May, herds of cows wander to the forests to graze between the bushes and wood clearings. 在早春，新鲜的绿色叶子在树木和灌木丛上开花。 鸟类唱歌的声音充满了森林的每个角落，在寒冷的冬天后，有希望的新生活和喜悦。 5月，牛群徘徊在森林中，在灌木丛和清除木材之间放牧。As the summer arrives, villagers ride their bikes to the forests to pick berries. Strawberries, blackberries, and raspberries are important sources of nutrition for villagers. They are also an important source of money for those who bring them to market. 夏天到来时，村民骑自行车去森林挑选浆果。 草莓，黑莓和覆盆子是村民营养的重要来源。 对于那些将他们投放市场的人来说，它们也是重要的资金来源。 The quietest month in the forest is June when animals and birds have their babies. 森林中最安静的月份是六月动物和鸟类的婴儿。 But the 7th of July is a special day in the forests of Tupychiv. 但是7月7日是图皮奇森林的特殊日子。 According to legend, the ferns in the forests would only blossom one night a year, from nighttime on the 6th to daytime on the 7th. Those who could see its bloom would be given a gift to find treasures. But the night is also the time when evils in the woods would come out and only the bravest men would dare to go into the Tupychiv forests. 根据传说，森林中的蕨类植物每年只有一个晚上，从夜晚的6日到7日的白天。 那些可以看到盛开的人将获得一份礼物来寻找宝藏。 但是，夜晚也是树林里的邪恶会出来的时候，只有最勇敢的人敢进入蒂皮奇夫森林。Whether the story is true or not, villagers believe that the plants have a magic force on the 7th of July. So many hurry to the woods to gather medicinal plants or berries on that special day. 无论故事是否真实，村民都认为植物在7月7日具有魔力。 这么多人急于在那个特殊的日子里收集药用植物或浆果。 When autumn comes, the forests turn into a palette of golden leaves on birches, flaming scarlet leaves of oak trees and dark green firs and pines. Villagers would go for a walk in the woods and come back with a basket of mushrooms and unforgettable memories. 当秋天到来时，森林变成了桦树上的金色叶子，橡木树的炽烈猩红叶，深绿色的冷杉和松树。 村民会在树林里散步，并带着一篮子蘑菇和难忘的回忆回来。 As for memories, no one in Tupychiv ever forgets the year 1933. That was the year Ukrainians suffered from hunger caused by Soviet policy. Thousands died of hunger but the people of Tupychiv and neighboring villages survived with berries, mushrooms, and edible plants found in the woods. 至于回忆，在图皮奇夫中，没有人忘记1933年。那一年，乌克兰人遭受了苏联政策造成的饥饿。 成千上万的人死于饥饿，但图普奇夫（Tupychiv）和邻近村庄的人们在树林中发现的浆果，蘑菇和可食用植物幸存下来。

About 300 kilometers west, away from the crowd and the noise of the capital city of Kyiv lies the historic and picturesque town of Berdychiv. 西部约300公里，远离人群，而首都基夫的噪音是历史悠久的风景如画的伯迪奇镇。It is a place where the sound of birds singing blends with the morning mist at sunrise. Nobody hurries here. Life goes on in Berdychiv. 在这里，鸟类的声音与日出时的早晨薄雾融为一体。 没有人在这里招募。 生活在贝迪奇夫（Berdychiv）继续。 The town in northern Ukraine was founded in 1430. It is a place where three world cultures, Polish, Ukrainian and Jewish, meet and are preserved. 乌克兰北部的小镇成立于1430年。在这里，三种世界文化，波兰，乌克兰和犹太人，见面并得到了保存。 Britannica Dictionary says the town started as a Lithuanian fortress before turning into a Polish city from 1569 until 1793. At one point, it was the fourth-largest city in Ukraine with a large Jewish population. 大不列颠词典说，该镇是立陶宛要塞开始的，然后从1569年至1793年变成了波兰城市。在某一时刻，它是乌克兰的第四大城市，拥有大量的犹太人人口。 Overlooking the Hnylopiat River is the ancient monastery fortress of the Barefoot Carmelites, known as the Sanctuary of the Mother of God of the Holy Scapular. The complex was built in the 16th century by the Janusz Tyszkiewicz family. The Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine says the complex, along with a school and publishing house, turned the city into an important Polish religious center. 俯瞰着hnylopiat河是赤脚卡梅利特人的古老修道院堡垒，被称为圣肩cap骨的母亲的圣所。 该综合大楼是由Janusz Tyszkiewicz家族于16世纪建造的。 乌克兰的互联网百科全书说，该综合大楼以及一所学校和出版社将这座城市变成了重要的波兰宗教中心。 The complex is popular with visitors who take pictures of its magnificent buildings and lifelong residents who take part in life ceremonies like weddings and graduations. 该建筑群在游客中很受欢迎，他们为其宏伟的建筑物和终身居民拍照，他们参加了婚礼和毕业典礼等生活仪式。 Across the Catholic church in the same complex is a museum to celebrate the life of Joseph Conrad. The English writer was born in 1857 in Berdychiv to a family of Polish patriots who fought against Russian rule. They were arrested and exiled to northern Russia where Conrad first learned English at the age of four. Conrad left Russia and traveled the world as a mariner before starting his writing career. 在同一个综合大楼的整个天主教会上，都是庆祝约瑟夫·康拉德（Joseph Conrad）生活的博物馆。 这位英国作家于1857年出生在贝迪奇夫（Berdychiv），是一群反对俄罗斯统治的波兰爱国者。 他们被捕并流放到北部俄罗斯北部，康拉德在四岁时首次学习英语。 康拉德（Conrad）离开俄罗斯，在开始写作生涯之前以水手身份旅行。 Down a narrow path near the complex is an old building on the river banks. It is an art school where Ukrainians study to become designers, artists, and photographers. It is a place where many modern Ukrainian artists come from and a place filled with great works of art. 在综合大楼附近的一条狭窄小路上是河岸上的一栋古老建筑。 这是一所艺术学校，乌克兰人研究成为设计师，艺术家和摄影师。 在这里，许多现代乌克兰艺术家来自这里，也是一个充满艺术品的地方。 In the city center is an art installation: Suit from Berdychiv. Here visitors often take pictures, eat pizza, and sit in a café with a view of the center. Not far from the city center is the Berdychiv Historical Museum. Founded in 1926, the museum has a collection of valuable fabrics and paintings. 在市中心是艺术装置：贝迪奇夫的西装。 在这里，游客经常拍照，吃披萨，坐在咖啡馆里，可以欣赏中心的景色。 距市中心不远的是Berdychiv历史博物馆。 该博物馆成立于1926年，有一系列有价值的面料和绘画。 Berdychiv is known for one event related to the world of literature. The well-known French writer Honoré de Balzac married Éveline Hanska, a Polish countess, in 1850 in St. Barbara’s Church after an 18-year courtship.Berdychiv以与文学世界有关的一个事件而闻名。 著名的法国作家HonoréDeBalzac于1850年在圣巴巴拉教堂（St. Barbara's Church）与波兰伯爵夫人的ÉvelineHanska结婚，经过18年的求爱。 Some believe they chose the church for its beauty and history in a city of writers, and a city of love and culture. 有些人认为，他们在一个作家之城和一个爱与文化之城中选择了教会的美丽和历史。 

Hi, my name is Kate, and I am from Odessa region. 嗨，我叫凯特，我来自敖德萨地区。 Imagine you are standing on the slope of the mountain, and a breathtaking view opens to you. The sun shines brightly and clear. The breeze is barely noticeable and warm. You see a large bay underneath. The water flows quietly and calmly. The leaves on the trees rustle gently. You feel peace. You feel happiness. No thoughts. No feelings. No worries. Only harmony of the inner and outer world. You are in Bakota, one of the most beautiful and amazing places in Ukraine. 想象一下，您正站在山的斜坡上，并为您带来令人叹为观止的景色。 阳光明亮而晴朗。 微风几乎没有明显和温暖。 您会在下面看到一个大海湾。 水安静而平静地流动。 树上的叶子轻轻沙沙作响。 你感到和平。 你感到幸福。 没有想法。 没有感觉。 不用担心。 只有内在和外部世界的和谐。 您在乌克兰最美丽，最神奇的地方巴科塔。 Bakota was a village in the Khmelnytskyi region in the west of Ukraine. The name Bakota was first mentioned in writings in 1024. In the 12th century, it was a large trading port on the Dniester River with a population of about 2,500 people. 巴科塔是乌克兰西部Khmelnytskyi地区的一个村庄。 巴科塔这个名字首先在1024年的著作中提到。在12世纪，它是Dniester河上的一个大型贸易港口，人口约为2500人。 The region was ruled in succession by the Mongol-Tatars, the Grand Duke of Lithuania, and the Kingdom of Poland. Despite pressure from the invaders, Bakota managed to fight for freedom and preserve its cultural identity. 该地区由蒙古塔塔尔，立陶宛大公爵和波兰王国连续统治。 尽管有侵略者的压力，巴科塔还是为自由而战，并保留了其文化认同。 In 1972, the government started construction of the Dniester hydroelectric station in this region. And Soviet authorities decided to flood the settlement. All the buildings were to be destroyed. Trees were cut down and burned. And cemeteries were moved to new places. 1972年，政府开始在该地区建造DNiester水力发电站。 苏联当局决定淹没解决方案。 所有建筑物都将被摧毁。 树木被砍伐并烧毁。 墓地被移至新地方。 The locals had to destroy their own houses - their history - and stop farming and gardening. The planned resettlement took eight years. In 1981, the village of Bakota ceased to exist. Officials spent the next six years to fill the area with water. 当地人不得不摧毁自己的房屋 - 他们的历史 - 停止耕种和园艺。 计划的安置花费了八年。 1981年，巴科塔村不再存在。 官员们在接下来的六年中用水填充该地区。The only thing left of the old village is a cave monastery. 旧村庄唯一剩下的就是一个洞穴修道院。 The cave is located inside White Mountain, about 70 meters above the Dniester River. The oldest archaeological finds in the area date back to the second millennium BC. 该洞穴位于白山内，在Dniester河上方约70米处。 该地区最古老的考古发现可以追溯到公元前第二千年。 The website Blog about tours to Ukraine says the monks first came to the cave in the 11th century. There were also reports that St. Anthony, the founder of the Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra cave monastery, once visited the area. During the Mongol invasion in the middle of the 13th century, both monks and peasants from nearby villages used the cave as a hiding place. By the 15th century, the monks left the area as several landslides destroyed many of the caves inside the soft sandstone of White Mountain. 关于乌克兰旅行的网站博客说，僧侣在11世纪首次来到洞穴。 还有报道说，曾访问过该地区的基夫 - 佩奇克·拉夫拉（Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra）洞穴修道院的创始人圣安东尼（St. Anthony）。 在13世纪中叶的蒙古入侵期间，来自附近村庄的僧侣和农民都将洞穴作为藏身之处。 到15世纪，僧侣离开了该地区，几只滑坡摧毁了白山软砂岩内的许多洞穴。There are several springs on the mountain, just below the cave. The cool spring water is tasty. Locals believe that the spring water can heal and treat different diseases. 山上有几个泉水，就在山洞下方。 凉爽的春水很美味。 当地人认为，泉水可以治愈和治疗不同的疾病。 Today, Bakota Bay, the cave and the springs often draw visitors to the area, about 300 kilometers from the western Ukrainian city of Lviv. And many leave behind ribbons and personal items along the path to the healing springs. 如今，巴科塔湾，洞穴和泉水经常吸引距离乌克兰西部利沃夫市约300公里的该地区的游客。 许多人沿着通往治愈弹簧的道路留下了丝带和个人物品。

Today we are at the Newseum in Washington D.C. – where the history of free expression is explained and defended. 今天，我们在华盛顿特区的Newseum - 解释和捍卫自由表达的历史。 The first printing presses arrived in the United States in the mid-1600s, marking an important step in the history of America’s free press. 第一批印刷机于1600年代中期到达美国，这标志着美国自由出版社历史上的重要一步。 A free press is important in democratic society. It allows citizens to speak freely and criticize the country's leaders without fear. Some journalists have even lost their lives for that right. 自由媒体在民主社会中很重要。 它使公民可以自由讲话，并批评该国的领导人而毫不恐惧。 一些记者甚至因这项权利而丧生。 But, it can also lead to news that is false. Last year, a fake news story about a Washington pizza restaurant went viral, causing a gunman to open fire at the business. 但是，这也可能导致新闻是错误的。 去年，一个关于华盛顿披萨餐厅的虚假新闻传播开来，导致枪手在业务上开火。 One of the most common terms we hear today is “fake news.” The public and politicians use it to talk about the news reports they do not think are accurate. 我们今天听到的最常见的术语之一是“假新闻”。 公众和政客们用它来谈论他们认为不准确的新闻报道。 While people have paid much attention to the term in recent years, the problem is not new. False news reports have been around since modern journalism started. 尽管人们近年来对该术语非常关注，但问题并不是什么新鲜事。 自现代新闻业开始以来，虚假的新闻报道就已经存在。 Today, information moves around us in many forms, every hour of every day. Even if we do not seek out news on our own, we often receive it anyway, instantly, on our phones. 今天，信息以多种形式（每天的每小时）以多种形式转移。 即使我们不独自寻找新闻，我们还是经常在手机上立即收到它。 So how can we manage this mountain of information so that fake news does not mislead us? 那么，我们如何管理这一信息，以免假新闻误导我们呢？ We believe this requires news literacy. News literacy is the ability to use critical thinking skills to judge news reports. Are they credible? Can you rely on the reports to be true? 我们相信这需要新闻素养。 新闻素养是使用批判性思维技能来评判新闻报道的能力。 他们可信吗？ 您可以依靠报告是真的吗？ We use real media examples to teach useful skills and methods to recognize journalism over other kinds of information. We examine the differences between facts and what people report in the media as truth. 我们使用真实的媒体示例教授有用的技能和方法，以识别新闻界对其他信息。 我们研究事实与人们在媒体中报道的事实之间的差异。 The course provides tools to identify real and reliable news sources. And, it demonstrates ways to separate news from opinion. 该课程提供了确定真实可靠的新闻来源的工具。 而且，它展示了将新闻与意见分开的方法。 Professors at Stony Brook University in New York created the News Literacy education program. We will share it with you in simple English on VOA Learning English. 纽约Stony Brook大学的教授创建了新闻识字教育计划。 我们将以简单的英语在VOA学习英语中与您分享。 The need for news literacy is possibly greater now than ever before. Learning this important skill can give us the power to take full control of our own search for the truth. 现在，对新闻素养的需求可能比以往任何时候都更大。 学习这种重要技能可以使我们能够完全控制自己对真理的搜索。 Because as we’ve seen many times before, some news presented as truth can actually turn out to be completely false. 因为正如我们以前见过的很多次，所以一些作为真理的消息实际上可能完全是错误的。 

Springtime is a time of renewal and growth. Many plants end their long winter sleep and form new buds and shoots. Beautiful flowers will soon be showing their bright colors. And the grass will grow thicker and greener again. 春天是一个更新和增长的时期。 许多植物结束了漫长的冬季睡眠，形成了新的芽和芽。 美丽的花很快就会显示出鲜艳的色彩。 草将越来越浓密，越来越绿。 Some flowers bloom in a very noticeable way but that is not the case with grass. Imagine you are sitting in a grassy field. And you have only one job – to watch the grass grow. That does not sound very interesting. In fact, it sounds really boring. 有些花以非常明显的方式绽放，但是草并非如此。 想象您坐在草地上。 而且您只有一份工作 - 看着草生长。 这听起来并不有趣。 实际上，这听起来真的很无聊。That idea is what gives us the expression “like watching grass grow.” We use this expression to describe an experience that is uninteresting. Another good word to describe it is tedious. 这个想法使我们表达“就像看草的成长”。 我们使用此表达式描述一种无趣的经历。 描述它的另一个好词很乏味。 We use this expression in many situations. Let’s hear a few examples: 我们在许多情况下都使用此表达式。 让我们听听一些例子： After the politician won his campaign, he gave a two-hour long acceptance speech. Two hours! It was as much fun as watching grass grow. I really don’t like watching long sports games. It’s like watching grass grow.Now, grass grows on the ground all the time. And usually, we don’t give it much thought. If you stand in one place for a long time, the grass will continue to grow under your feet. 现在，草一直在地上生长。 通常，我们不会考虑太多。 如果您在一个地方长时间站在一个地方，则草将继续生长在您的脚下。 For people who are always active, always moving, always on-the-go, we can say they don't let grass grow under their feet. We can also say beneath their feet. And sometimes we use this expression as a command. 对于那些总是活跃，总是动，总是随身携带的人，我们可以说他们不会让草在脚下生长。 我们也可以在他们的脚下说。 有时，我们将此表达式用作命令。 Let’s hear some examples: 让我们听听一些例子： Don’t let the grass grow beneath your feet. Get back to work. She certainly doesn’t let the grass grow under her feet. She’s been traveling non-stop for over a year.

A human brain turned to glass by a volcano… It sounds like bad science fiction. And when archaeologists first found glass fragments inside a skull in ancient Herculaneum in Italy, they were mystified. They deduced that the pea-sized chunks of black glass were the fossilised remains of the brain of a man aged about twenty. He was killed by the massive Vesuvius eruption that buried his town and the sister city of Pompeii. But experts didn't understand how his soft brain, could have been transformed into glass. 一个人类大脑被火山变成了玻璃，这听上去像是一部糟糕的科幻作品。当考古学家们起初发现了意大利赫库兰尼姆古城中一个头骨内的玻璃碎片时，他们感到十分困惑。考古学家推断，这些豌豆大小的黑色玻璃块是一名二十岁左右男子的变成化石的大脑残骸。这名男子死于维苏威火山的一次剧烈喷发，这次喷发掩埋了他所在的城市以及其姊妹城庞贝。但专家们曾一度不清楚这名男子柔软的大脑如何被转变为了玻璃。Now scientists from the University Roma Tre say that a huge ash cloud rushed down the mountain enveloping the victim. It heated up his brain to at least 510 degrees Celsius before rapidly cooling. It created unique fragments of a man who suffered a violent death but left behind incredible scientific evidence of a spectacular volcanic eruption. 现在，来自罗马第三大学的科学家们表示，一片巨大的火山灰云从山上直泻而下包围了这名牺牲者。这片火山灰云把他大脑的温度加热到至少 510 摄氏度后又令其迅速下降。这一过程创造出了来自该男子的一块独特的碎片，他虽然不幸地死于非命，但也留下了一份不可思议的科学证据来见证一次蔚为壮观的火山喷发。 

1  Most people can see at least a million different colours, but have you ever thought why they're important? Colours often have meanings and act as signs. They're a way of communicating, even when we don't notice them.1大多数人可以看到至少一百万种不同的颜色，但是您是否想过为什么它们很重要？ 颜色通常具有含义并充当迹象。 即使我们没有注意到它们，它们即使是一种交流方式。 2  The development of colours in the environment may be linked to the science of evolution. As living organisms developed a sense of vision, they were able to explore the environment around them. As vision developed and living creatures became able to distinguish colours, fruits began to use them to attract animals to propagate their seeds. Flowers developed bright colours to attract pollinators, and venomous or poisonous animals were able to use their bold shades as a warning. 2环境中颜色的发展可能与进化科学有关。 随着活生物体发展出一种视力，他们能够探索周围的环境。 随着视觉发展并能够区分颜色的生物，水果开始使用它们吸引动物传播种子。 花发展了鲜艳的色彩来吸引传粉媒介，有毒或有毒动物能够将其大胆的阴影作为警告。 3  Humans have also evolved to use these signs to interpret the world. Colour is often an indication that tells us when fruit or vegetables can be eaten, that they're not unripe or rotten. We've also developed our own colour signals to communicate. The red of a traffic light or a warning sign tells us about potential dangers or the precautions we need to take. Electrical wires use different colours to tell us how to connect them safely.3人类也进化起来使用这些迹象来解释世界。 颜色通常表明何时可以吃水果或蔬菜，它们不是未成熟的或腐烂的。 我们还开发了自己的颜色信号进行交流。 交通信号灯或警告标志的红色告诉我们有关潜在的危险或我们需要采取的预防措施。 电线使用不同的颜色告诉我们如何安全地连接它们。 4  Colours can be used as signifiers in more complex ways. Meanings can be transferred into different contexts – food products are sometimes labelled with red, yellow or green according to their nutritional content, borrowing the colours from traffic signals. Some signs are less obvious. Consumer brands use different colours in their logos, packaging, products, and advertising to send us messages about their values. For example, luxury goods often use dark but intense colours as a mark of quality, while those aimed at children use bold, bright colours.We might only notice this if companies use the 'wrong' colours. Studies have shown that people are less likely to buy something if it's branded with an inappropriate colour. 4种颜色可以以更复杂的方式用作指示符。 含义可以转移到不同的情况下 - 有时根据其营养含量将食品用红色，黄色或绿色标记，从交通信号中借用颜色。 有些迹象不太明显。 消费者品牌在其徽标，包装，产品和广告中使用不同的颜色向我们发送有关其价值的消息。 例如，奢侈品经常使用深色但强烈的颜色作为质量的标志，而针对儿童的奢侈品则使用大胆，明亮的颜色。我们只有在公司使用“错误”颜色时才注意到这一点。 研究表明，如果人们以不适当的颜色品牌购买商品，人们就不太可能购买东西。 5  Whether human-made or natural, and whether we consciously notice them or not, colours tell us a lot about the world around us. 5无论是人造还是自然，无论我们有意识地注意到它们，颜色都告诉我们很多关于我们周围世界的信息。 

Mary Kay Cosmetics is an international company that sells beauty products.Mary Kay Cosmetics是一家销售美容产品的国际公司。 One woman started the business in the 1960s with an investment of $5,000.一名妇女在1960年代创办了这项业务，投资5,000美元。 Mary Kathlyn Wagner was born in the state of Texas in 1918. For much of her childhood, she cared for her sick father while her mother worked long hours at a restaurant. 玛丽·凯瑟琳·瓦格纳（Mary Kathlyn Wagner）于1918年出生于德克萨斯州。童年的大部分时间，她的母亲在餐厅长时间工作时，她照顾生病的父亲。 Mary Kay married Ben Rogers when she was 17 years old. They had three children before he left home to serve in World War Two. When he returned, their marriage ended. Mary Kay looked for a job so she could support her children. 玛丽·凯（Mary Kay）17岁时与本·罗杰斯（Ben Rogers）结婚。 他们在他离开家之前有三个孩子在第二次世界大战中服役。 当他回来时，他们的婚姻结束了。 玛丽·凯（Mary Kay）寻找工作，以便她可以养活自己的孩子。 She began selling different kinds of products. One night, Mary Kay was showing products at the home of Ova Heath Spoonemore. Ms. Spoonemore began giving her guests some homemade skin care products. The products were developed by her father, J.W. Heath, in Arkansas. Mary Kay tried the skin care products and liked them. 她开始销售各种产品。 一天晚上，玛丽·凯（Mary Kay）在Ova Heath Spoonemore的家中展示产品。 Spoonemore女士开始给客人一些自制的皮肤护理产品。 这些产品是由她的父亲J.W.开发的 希思，在阿肯色州。 玛丽·凯（Mary Kay）尝试了皮肤护理产品并喜欢它们。She bought the rights to Heath’s skin care products and started her own company. She paid $500 for the legal rights to the products. And in 1963, The Mary Kay Cosmetics company began operating in Dallas, Texas. 她购买了希思皮肤护理产品的权利，并创立了自己的公司。 她为产品的合法权利支付了500美元。 1963年，玛丽·凯化妆品公司（Mary Kay Cosmetics Company）开始在德克萨斯州达拉斯（Dallas）运营。 The idea was to sell skin care products through demonstrations in homes and offices. Independent sales representatives bought beauty products from the company and sold them at higher prices. 这个想法是通过在家庭和办公室的示威来出售护肤产品。 独立的销售代表从公司购买了美容产品，并以更高的价格出售它们。 Mary Kay decided that each representative who brought other saleswomen into the company would receive part of the new person’s earnings. That way, experienced sales representatives would be willing to train new ones. 玛丽·凯（Mary Kay）决定，每个将其他销售妇女带入公司的代表都将获得新人的一部分收益。 这样，经验丰富的销售代表愿意培训新的代表。 By 1965, the company was selling almost one million dollars in products. 到1965年，该公司销售了将近一百万美元的产品。 Mary Kay Cosmetics became one of the most successful direct sellers of skin care products in America. It continues to have sales offices and representatives in many different countries. 玛丽·凯化妆品（Mary Kay Cosmetics）成为美国皮肤护理产品中最成功的直接卖家之一。 它继续在许多不同国家拥有销售办公室和代表。Mary Kay aimed to grow sales based on the idea that it is best to compete against yourself. That means every individual is trying to beat their own sales records. Prizes for high sales marks included special paid holidays and jewelry. Until a few years ago, a pink Cadillac was a top prize. 玛丽·凯（Mary Kay）的目的是基于最好的观念，即最好与自己竞争。 这意味着每个人都试图击败自己的销售记录。 高销售标记的奖品包括特殊的带薪假期和珠宝。 直到几年前，粉红色的凯迪拉克还是最高奖项。After her third husband, Mel Ash, died of cancer in 1980, she wanted to help find a cure for the disease. At first, she helped organizations raise money for research. 她的第三任丈夫梅尔·阿什（Mel Ash）于1980年因癌症去世后，她想帮助找到治疗这种疾病。 起初，她帮助组织筹集资金进行研究。 Later, she started the Mary Kay Ash Charitable Foundation, a nonprofit group that provides money to support research on cancers affecting women. In 2001, the company and foundation expanded their goals to help prevent violence against women. 后来，她成立了玛丽·凯·阿什（Mary Kay Ash）慈善基金会，该基金会是一个非营利组织，该基金会提供资金来支持对影响女性的癌症的研究。 2001年，该公司和基金会扩大了目标，以帮助防止对妇女的暴力行为。Mary Kay Ash also wrote three books. She worked in her business until she suffered a stroke in 1996. She died in 2001.玛丽·凯·阿什（Mary Kay Ash）也写了三本书。 她从事业务工作，直到1996年中风为止。她于2001年去世。Sales representatives say Mary Kay developed a way for women to earn money and still spend time with their families. 销售代表说，玛丽·凯（Mary Kay）为妇女开发了一种赚钱并仍然与家人共度时光的方式。

In air extracted from sarcophagi sealed for thousands of years, researchers in Cairo detected woody, spicy, herbal and rancid notes and also hints of smoke, mould, flowers and dust. 开罗的研究人员在从密封了数千年的石棺内提取出的空气中检测出了木质香、香料味、草药味、腐臭味等气味，还有些许烟熏味、霉味、花香和灰尘味。 They used the human nose and scientific instruments to investigate the aromas from the elaborately wrapped bodies of Egypt's ancient ruling classes. 研究人员用了人的鼻子和科学仪器来研究被精心包裹的古埃及统治阶层的遗骸中散发出的香气。 The new approach aims to remove the need for samples to be taken from the mummy itself, and to help conservators know when preservation treatment may be needed, as well as to bring back to life some of the smells and fragrances of the times of the ancient pharaohs.这个新的研究方法旨在免除从木乃伊本体取样的必要性，并帮助文物保护人员鉴别木乃伊何时需要进行防腐保存处理。除此之外，这样也能让古代法老时代的一些气味和芳香重现天日。

1  "They're all at that party without me… I've got such bad FOMO." The fear of missing out, or 'FOMO', is what you might feel when you aren't present when something exciting or enjoyable is happening. This anxiety is rife in the age of social media, where we're exposed to an avalanche of updates about other people's holidays, social events and achievements. Many find themselves comparing their lives to others', forgetting that social media is often a smokescreen, where we only see the highlight reel and a veneer of perfection. 1“他们在没有我的情况下都在那个聚会上……我有这么糟糕的FOMO。” 当您不存在激动人心或令人愉悦的事情时，您可能会感到害怕错过或“ FOMO”。 在社交媒体时代，这种焦虑盛行，我们接触到有关他人假期，社交活动和成就的雪崩。 许多人发现自己将自己的生活与他人进行比较，而忘记了社交媒体通常是烟幕，我们只能看到精彩片段的卷轴和完美的单板。 2  As an antidote to this constant pressure, many are embracing 'JOMO' – the joy of missing out. According to Svend Brinkmann, author of 'The Joy of Missing Out: The Art of Self-Restraint in an Age of Excess', the difference is that where FOMO gets us to worry about things outside of the present moment, JOMO brings us back to the here and now, encouraging us to enjoy life offline with people we truly care about. Embracing JOMO means switching off outside noise and focusing on what really brings us happiness. So, how can we stop FOMO from rearing its ugly head? 2作为对这种不断压力的解毒剂，许多人拥抱了“ Jomo” - 错过的乐趣。 根据“错过的喜悦：在过度时代的自我遏制的艺术”的作者Svend Brinkmann的说法，不同之处在于，Fomo让我们担心当下之外的事情，Jomo将我们带回这里和现在，鼓励我们与我们真正关心的人一起享受生活。 拥抱Jomo意味着关闭外部噪音，专注于真正带给我们幸福的原因。 那么，我们如何阻止FOMO抬起其丑陋的头？ 3  In her book 'The Joy of Missing Out: Live More by Doing Less', Tanya Dalton suggests making a list of activities that bring you joy and displaying them somewhere obvious to remind you to include them in your day. She also suggests a regular digital detox and carving out time for self-care, whether that's a warm bath, a solo nature walk or your favourite movie. Kristen Fuller, a physician and mental health writer, says it's about being intentional with your time. This involves scheduling activities which are important to you and practising saying "no" to people if you feel like their request will have a negative impact on you. 3 Tanya Dalton在她的书《错过的喜悦：通过少做更多的生活》中，建议制定一系列活动，使您感到高兴并在某个地方展示它们，以提醒您将它们包括在您的一天中。 她还建议定期进行数字排毒，并为自我保健赚取时间，无论是温暖的浴缸，自然漫步还是您最喜欢的电影。 医师和心理健康作家克里斯汀·富勒（Kristen Fuller）说，这是关于您的时间有意的。 这涉及安排对您很重要的活动，如果您觉得他们的要求会对您产生负面影响，这对您来说很重要。 4  A 2019 article by Ana Jorge, published in Social Media + Society looked into the experiences of people who purposefully disconnect from social media. Some of them felt they were living more mindfully, and that the disconnection allowed them to be more creative and productive. About JOMO, one participant told researchers, "I don't have to be everywhere, I don't have to be with everyone and I don't have to know everything." Perhaps it's time to unplug and try living life in the slow lane. 4 Ana Jorge的2019年文章在社交媒体 +社会上发表，研究了故意与社交媒体断开连接的人们的经历。 他们中的一些人觉得自己的生活更加思考，并且断开连接使他们变得更具创造力和富有成效。 关于乔莫（Jomo），一位参与者告诉研究人员：“我不必到处都是，我不必和所有人在一起，也不需要一切。” 也许是时候解开插头并尝试在慢速道路上生活了。

A recent study suggests the next ice age will likely begin in about 11,000 years unless emissions change the effects of natural climate cycles. 最近的一项研究表明，除非排放改变自然气候周期的影响，否则下一个冰河时代可能会在约11，000年内开始。 An ice age is a period of reduced temperatures causing ice to cover large areas of the northern and southern parts of the world. 冰河时代是温度降低的时期，导致冰覆盖了世界北部和南部地区的大面积。 A group of scientists studied changes in the shape of the Earth’s orbit around the sun, the tilt of the Earth’s axis and the movement of the axis itself, called a wobble. These three motions are believed to happen in cycles. The Serbian scientist Milutin Milankovitch developed a theory about 100 years ago that these cycles affected Earth’s long-term climate. 一群科学家研究了地球围绕太阳的形状的变化，地球轴的倾斜以及轴本身的运动，称为摇摆。 据信这三个动作是在周期中发生的。 塞尔维亚科学家米兰科维奇（Milutin Milankovitch）大约在100年前开发了一种理论，即这些周期影响了地球的长期气候。 The team noted that small changes in Earth’s orbit around the Sun caused predictable cycles of warming and cooling over a period of about 100,000 years. 该小组指出，在大约100，000年的时间里，地球围绕太阳围绕太阳的轨道的小变化导致了可预测的变暖和冷却周期。 These findings permitted the team to determine how the three factors of tilt, wobble, and the shape of Earth's orbit might have affected the Earth’s climate over the last 900,000 years. 这些发现使团队能够确定倾斜，摇摆和地球轨道形状的三个因素如何影响过去900，000年的地球气候。 The group published its findings in Science on February 27. 该小组于2月27日在科学上发表了研究结果。 The scientists examined a million-year record of climate by looking at ice sheets across the northern half of the world and deep ocean temperatures.科学家通过查看世界北半部的冰盖和深海温度，检查了一百万年的气候记录。 They then compared this data with small but regular changes in Earth’s orbit over time. 然后，随着时间的流逝，他们将这些数据与地球轨道的规律变化进行了比较。 The lead writer of the study is Stephen Barker, a professor at Cardiff University in Britain. He told the French News Agency (AFP) that for many years it has been difficult for scientists to show exactly how small changes in Earth’s orbit have led to huge changes between warm and cold periods.该研究的首席作者是英国加的夫大学教授斯蒂芬·巴克（Stephen Barker）。 他告诉法国新闻社（AFP），多年来，科学家很难确切地证明地球轨道的小变化如何导致温暖和寒冷时期之间的巨大变化。 Earth is believed to go through cycles of ice ages and warm periods. The last ice age is thought to have ended around 11,700 years ago. Scientists, such as Milankovitch, have long seen a connection between Earth's orbit and climate. 据信地球经历了冰河时代和温暖时期的周期。 人们认为最后一个冰河时代大约在11,700年前结束了。 诸如米兰科维奇（Milankovitch）之类的科学家长期以来一直看到地球轨道和气候之间的联系。However, researchers have struggled to precisely date when each of the climate changes happened. It has also been difficult for them to know exactly which orbit positions affect the start and stop of cold or warm periods. 但是，研究人员在每种气候变化发生时都努力准确地日期。 他们也很难确切知道哪些轨道位置会影响寒冷或温暖时期的起点和停止。 Barker said his team of researchers studied slow changes in temperature over long periods of time instead of only looking at shorter periods of change between cold and warm climates. 巴克说，他的研究人员团队研究了长时间温度的缓慢变化，而不仅仅是看寒冷和温暖气候之间的变化时期较短。 Barker told AFP, "We would expect a glaciation to occur within the next 11,000 years, and it would end in 66,000 years' time." 巴克告诉法新社：“我们预计在未来11，000年内会发生冰川，这将在66,000年的时间内结束。” Lorraine Lisiecki is a professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and a co-writer of the study. She said the study shows that changes in climate over tens of thousands of years are not random.Lorraine Lisiecki是加利福尼亚大学圣塔芭芭拉分校的教授，也是该研究的共同作家。 她说，这项研究表明，数万年以上的气候变化不是随机的。 The team aims to expand its findings to investigate the long-term effects of human activity on climate. They also want to find out how it might affect Earth’s natural climate cycles. 该小组旨在扩大其发现，以调查人类活动对气候的长期影响。 他们还想找出它可能会影响地球自然气候周期。

A total lunar eclipse is about to make the moon appear a reddish color across the Western Hemisphere. 月食的总圆环即将使月亮在整个西半球看起来是红色的。 The event will happen Thursday night into Friday morning. The best places to see the eclipse will be in North America and South America. Parts of Africa and Europe may also get brief views. 该活动将在星期四晚上至星期五早上举行。 观看日食的最佳场所将在北美和南美。 非洲和欧洲的部分地区也可能会得到简短的看法。 A lunar eclipse happens when the sun, Earth, and moon line up just right, with Earth positioned between the sun and moon. This causes the Earth to create a shadow on the moon. In a total lunar eclipse, the Earth’s shadow covers all of the moon. 当太阳，地球和月亮恰到好处时，地球位于太阳和月亮之间时，就会发生月食。 这使地球在月球上创造了阴影。 在月食中，地球的阴影覆盖了所有月球。 Another kind of eclipse is a solar eclipse. In a solar eclipse, the moon gets in a position where it blocks light from the sun, causing a partial or full shadow on Earth. 日食的另一种日食是日食。 在日食中，月亮处于遮挡太阳的光线的位置，在地球上造成部分或全面的阴影。 A total lunar eclipse can also be called a blood moon. It makes the moon appear reddish-orange, similar to the element copper. The color comes from small amounts of sunlight passing through the Earth’s atmosphere. 总月食也可以称为血月。 它使月亮显得红橙色，类似于元素铜。 颜色来自少量穿过地球大气层的阳光。 The American space agency NASA says lunar and solar eclipses happen between four and seven times a year. The last total lunar eclipse was in 2022.美国航天局NASA说，月球和太阳日食每年发生四次至七次。 最后的月食是2022年。 This one will be visible for about one hour starting Friday morning at 2:26 a.m. Eastern Daylight Time (EDT). The time when the Earth’s shadow covers all of the moon will be close to 3 a.m. EDT. 从星期五上午2:26开始，东部夏令时间（EDT）将看到这一个大约一个小时。 地球阴影覆盖所有月球的时间将接近美国东部时间。 “As long as the sky is clear, you should be able to see it,” Shannon Schmoll told the Associated Press. She is the director of Abrams Planetarium at Michigan State University. No special equipment will be needed to see the reddish moon. 香农·施莫尔（Shannon Schmoll）告诉美联社：“只要天空晴朗，您就应该能够看到它。” 她是密歇根州立大学艾布拉姆斯天文馆的主任。 不需要特殊设备才能看到红色的月亮。 The total lunar eclipse may be harder to see in Europe and Africa because the moon will be close to setting. 在欧洲和非洲，月食的总月食可能很难看到，因为月亮将接近环境。 Michael Faison is an astronomy expert from Yale University. He told the AP, “This is really an eclipse for North and South America.” 迈克尔·菲森（Michael Faison）是耶鲁大学的天文学专家。 他告诉美联社：“这确实是北美和南美的日食。” Zoe Ortiz is a historian with the University of North Texas. She noted that different civilizations have observed lunar eclipses for thousands of years. This helped ancient people learn things about the behaviors of the sun, moon, and stars. 佐伊·奥尔蒂斯（Zoe Ortiz）是北德克萨斯大学的历史学家。 她指出，不同的文明已经观察到了数千年的月食。 这帮助古老的人学习了有关太阳，月亮和星星的行为的知识。 “They were looking at the night sky and they had a much brighter vision than we do today,” Ortiz said. 奥尔蒂斯说：“他们看着夜空，比我们今天的视野要明亮得多。” The ancient Greek thinker and writer Aristotle observed that Earths’ shadow on the moon during a lunar eclipse was always curved. This fact supported proof that the Earth is round. 古希腊的思想家和作家亚里斯多德（Aristotle）观察到，在月食期间，地球在月球上的阴影总是弯曲的。 这个事实支持了地球是圆形的证据。 The next total lunar eclipse will appear in the sky September 7, across parts of Asia, Africa, Australia and Europe. Parts of the Americas will get the next chance to see one in March 2026. 下一个月食将于9月7日在亚洲，非洲，澳大利亚和欧洲的部分地区出现在天空中。 美洲的部分地区将在2026年3月获得下一个机会。 

Astronomers following asteroid activity in space estimate there is a very small chance an object large enough to destroy a whole city could strike Earth in 2032. 在太空估计中，遵循小行星活动的天文学家很少有一个足够大的物体摧毁整个城市，可以在2032年撞击地球。 But space agency officials say even if such an asteroid keeps heading on a path toward Earth, the world is now much better-equipped to defend itself against such a threat. 但是航天局官员说，即使这样的小行星不断前往地球的道路，现在，世界已经准备好捍卫自己的威胁。 The American space agency NASA recently estimated there was a 3.1 percent chance that asteroid 2024 YR4 would hit Earth on December 22, 2032. That is the highest probability predicted for such a large space rock in modern times. 美国航天局NASA最近估计，小行星2024年将在2032年12月22日袭击地球有3.1％的机会。这是现代如此大的太空岩石所预测的最高概率。 Richard Moissl is head of the European Space Agency's (ESA) planetary defense office. While recognizing the risk the asteroid could present, he told the French news agency AFP people should not panic over such predictions. 理查德·莫斯尔（Richard Moissl）是欧洲航天局（ESA）行星防御办公室的负责人。 他告诉法国新闻机构法新社，人们不应对这种预测感到恐慌。 Astronomers have noted that the more data they gather, the odds of a direct asteroid hit are expected to keep rising over time. However, scientists say at a certain point the odds will likely drop down to zero. 天文学家指出，他们收集的数据越多，直接小行星命中的几率预计会随着时间的流逝而不断上升。 但是，科学家说，在某个时刻，赔率可能会下降到零。 Moissl said he thinks it is important to remember that even in the unlikely event the probability keeps rising to 100 percent, the world is "not defenseless." 莫斯尔说，他认为重要的是要记住，即使在不太可能的情况下，概率不断上升到100％，世界“没有防御”。 Here are some methods currently being considered as defensive measures to keep humanity safe in case there is a real threat. 以下是当前的一些方法，以防人类安全，以防有真正的威胁。Only one planetary defense method has been tried against an asteroid. In 2022, NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) sent a spacecraft into the 160-meter-wide Dimorphos asteroid. The effort successfully changed the asteroid’s orbit around a larger space rock. 仅尝试使用一种行星防御方法来针对小行星。 在2022年，NASA的双小行星重定向测试（DART）将航天器发送到160米宽的双层小行星中。 这项努力成功地改变了小行星围绕更大的空间岩石的轨道。 Bruce Betts is chief scientist for the nonprofit Planetary Society. He told AFP that space agencies could hit the 2024 YR4 asteroid with several spacecrafts, observing how each one changed the path. 布鲁斯·贝茨（Bruce Betts）是非营利行星社会的首席科学家。 他告诉法新社，太空机构可以用几个航天器击中2024年小行星，观察每个人如何改变路径。 The asteroid discovered in December is estimated to be 40-90 meters wide -- about half the size of Dimorphos.据估计，这颗小行星在 12 月发现时有 40-90 米宽，大约是 Dimorphos 大小的一半。"You have to take care not to overdo it," Moissl warned. He said this is because if a spacecraft only partly destroys an asteroid, it could send smaller pieces of the space rock heading toward Earth. “你必须小心不要过度，”莫伊斯尔警告说。他说，这是因为如果航天器只部分摧毁了一颗小行星，它可能会将较小的太空岩石碎片送向地球。A separate idea would involve sending a large spacecraft to fly alongside a threatening asteroid. The spacecraft would not touch the asteroid, but would use its gravitational force to pull it away from Earth. 一个单独的想法将涉及将大型航天器与威胁性的小行星一起飞行。 航天器不会接触小行星，而是利用其引力将其从地球上拉开。 Moissl said another non-contact plan would put a spacecraft near the asteroid to eject a continuous flow of atoms to push the asteroid off course.莫斯尔说，另一个非接触计划将使小行星附近的航天器在小行星附近弹出，以驱散原子的连续流，以将小行星脱离路线。 Scientists have also considered painting one side of the asteroid white. They believe this could increase the light the object reflects to make it slowly change course. 科学家还考虑绘画小行星白色的一侧。 他们认为这可能会增加物体反射的光，以使其缓慢改变路线。One idea is to use a nuclear weapon against a threatening asteroid. In laboratory tests, researchers found that X-rays from a nuclear blast could move a rock. But this is considered more of a plan for kilometers-wide asteroids like the one that killed off the dinosaurs. And this method also carries the risk that a nuclear explosion could send additional pieces of the asteroid falling toward Earth. 一个想法是使用核武器来防止威胁性的小行星。 在实验室测试中，研究人员发现，来自核爆炸的X射线可能会移动岩石。 但这被认为是宽公里的小行星的计划，例如杀死恐龙的小行星。 而且该方法还具有核爆炸可能会使小行星落入地球的其他部分的风险。 A similar method – but one considered less dangerous – would involve shooting laser beams from a spacecraft to destroy the side of an asteroid in an effort to push it away from Earth. 一种类似的方法（但被认为危险的较小）将涉及从航天器射击激光束以摧毁小行星的一侧，以便将其远离地球。Moissl said that if all else fails, at least the world will have a good idea where a threatening asteroid would strike. Since astronomers believe most asteroids would at most threaten to destroy one city, efforts could be organized to get people out of an area before a strike. 莫斯尔说，如果其他所有问题都失败了，至少世界将在威胁性小行星袭击的地方有一个好主意。 由于天文学家认为大多数小行星最多都会威胁要摧毁一个城市，因此可以组织努力使人们在罢工之前离开该地区。 "Seven-and-a-half years is a long time to prepare," Moissl added. He also noted that even with the rising odds involving 2024 YR4, there is still about a 97 percent chance the asteroid will miss Earth. Moissl补充说：“七年半的准备时间是很长的时间。” 他还指出，即使涉及2024年的赔率上升，小行星仍有大约97％的机会错过地球。

Wilbur and Orville Wright are the American inventors who made a small engine-powered flying machine. They proved that flight without the aid of gas-filled balloons was possible. 威尔伯（Wilbur）和奥维尔·赖特（Orville Wright）是美国发明家，他们制造了一台小型发动机飞行器。 他们证明，没有充满气体气球的飞行是可能的。 Wilbur Wright was born in 1867 near Melville, Indiana. His brother Orville was born four years later in Dayton, Ohio. 威尔伯·赖特（Wilbur Wright）于1867年出生在印第安纳州梅尔维尔（Melville）附近。 他的兄弟奥维尔（Orville）四年后出生在俄亥俄州代顿（Dayton）。 As they grew up, the Wright brothers experimented with mechanical things. Later, the Wright brothers began to design their own flying machine. They used ideas they had developed from earlier experiments with a toy helicopter, kites, the printing machine and bicycles. 随着他们的长大，赖特兄弟（Wright Brothers）试验了机械的东西。 后来，赖特兄弟开始设计自己的飞行器。 他们使用了他们从早期实验中开发的想法，其中包括玩具直升机，风筝，印刷机和自行车。 Soon, they needed a place to test their ideas about flight. The best place with the best wind conditions seemed to be a piece of sandy land in North Carolina along the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. It was called Kill Devil Hill, near the town of Kitty Hawk. 很快，他们需要一个地方来测试他们关于飞行的想法。 最好的风条件下最好的地方似乎是北卡罗来纳州沿着大西洋沿海的一块沙质土地。 它被称为凯蒂·霍克（Kitty Hawk）镇附近的Kill Devil Hill。 The Wright brothers did many tests with gliders at Kitty Hawk. With these tests, they learned how to solve many problems. 赖特兄弟（Wright Brothers）在凯蒂·霍克（Kitty Hawk）对滑翔机进行了许多测试。 通过这些测试，他们学会了如何解决许多问题。 By the autumn of 1903, Wilbur and Orville had designed and built an airplane powered by a gasoline engine. The plane had wings 12 meters across. It weighed about 340 kilograms, including the pilot. 到1903年秋天，威尔伯（Wilbur）和奥维尔（Orville）设计和制造了由汽油发动机提供动力的飞机。 飞机的翅膀有12米。 它重约340公斤，包括飞行员。 On December 17th, 1903, they made the world's first flight in a machine that was heavier than air and powered by an engine. Orville flew the plane 36 meters. He was in the air for 12 seconds. The two brothers made three more flights that day. 1903年12月17日，他们在一台比空气重并由发动机供电的机器中进行了世界第一架飞行。 奥维尔飞行了36米的飞机。 他在空中呆了12秒。 当天，两个兄弟又开了三个航班。 Four other men watched the Wright brothers' first flights. One of the men took pictures. Few newspapers, however, noted the event. 另外四个人看着赖特兄弟的第一批航班。 其中一个人拍照。 但是，很少有报纸指出该活动。 It was almost five years before the Wright brothers became famous. In 1908, Wilbur went to France. He gave demonstration flights at heights of 90 meters. A French company agreed to begin making the Wright brothers' flying machine. 赖特兄弟（Wright Brothers）出名已有将近五年的时间。 1908年，威尔伯去了法国。 他在90米的高处进行了示范航班。 一家法国公司同意开始制作赖特兄弟的飞行器。 Orville made successful flights in the United States at the time Wilbur was in France. The United States War Department agreed to buy a Wright brothers' plane. Wilbur and Orville suddenly became world heroes. But the brothers were not seeking fame. They returned to Dayton where they continued to improve their airplanes. They taught many others how to fly. 威尔伯（Wilbur）在法国，奥尔维尔（Orville）在美国取得了成功的航班。 美国战争部同意购买赖特兄弟的飞机。 威尔伯（Wilbur）和奥维尔（Orville）突然成为世界英雄。 但是兄弟俩并不是在寻求名望。 他们回到代顿，在那里他们继续改善飞机。 他们教了许多其他方法。 Wilbur Wright died of typhoid fever in 1912. Orville Wright continued designing and inventing until he died many years later, in 1948. 威尔伯·赖特（Wilbur Wright）于1912年因伤寒而去世。 Today, the Wright brothers' first airplane is in the Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C. Visitors to the museum can look at the Wright brothers' small plane. Then they can walk to another area and see space vehicles and a rock collected from the moon. The world has changed a lot since Wilbur and Orville Wright began the modern age of flight over one hundred years ago. 今天，赖特兄弟（Wright Brothers）的第一架飞机位于华盛顿特区的空中博物馆中。博物馆的游客可以看一下赖特兄弟的小型飞机。 然后，他们可以步行到另一个区域，看到太空车辆和从月球收集的岩石。 自威尔伯（Wilbur）和奥维尔·赖特（Orville Wright）一百多年前开始现代飞行以来，世界发生了很大变化。

“I think if people understood more that the way they move might be setting them up for a problem down the line, they’d be much more inclined to see a physical therapist,” Earhart said. 厄哈特说：“我认为，如果人们更多地理解他们的行动方式可能是为了解决问题的问题，那么他们会更倾向于去看物理治疗师。”We are all built differently. So, it might be useful to examine children early to see what sports or activities might be good for them. Physical therapists can carry out such early exams.我们的建造方式都不同。 因此，早日检查儿童可能对他们有好处可能会很有用。 物理治疗师可以进行此类早期考试。Earhart said, “If we screened kids as they were choosing sports and said this sport is probably not the right kind of stress for the way you are put together, it could save a lot pain and problems down the line.” She added about children, “Maybe they don’t have the hips for ballet.” Earhart说：“如果我们在选择运动时放映孩子，并且说这项运动可能不是您组合方式的正确压力，那么它可以节省很多痛苦和问题。” 她补充说：“也许他们没有芭蕾舞的臀部。”Distance runners could also think this way. Some are built to avoid injuries despite running many kilometers while others are not. Exams by physical therapists could help identify future problems. 远程跑步者也可以这样思考。 尽管跑了很多公里，但有些人的建造是为了避免受伤，而另一些则没有受伤。 物理治疗师的考试可以帮助确定未来的问题。Another area where physical therapists can help is with fall prevention. Falling – and the fear of falling – can be major issues, especially for the aging population. 物理治疗师可以提供帮助的另一个领域是预防秋季。 跌倒 - 对跌倒的恐惧可能是主要问题，尤其是对于老龄化人口而言。 “You want to show people they can get back up if they fall,” Herr said. “And once they know they can do it, it gives them confidence and it can help reduce the fear of falling." 赫尔说：“您想向人们展示，如果他们跌倒，他们可以恢复。” “一旦他们知道自己可以做到，它就会给予他们信心，并可以帮助减少对跌倒的恐惧。” He added, “One of the risks of falling is that people don’t do anything, so you don’t move and therefore you become more out of shape...” 他补充说：“跌倒的风险之一是人们什么都不做，所以您不动，因此您变得更加不适……” Herr said one example could be to introduce exercises involving “floor to stand” movements. These can help improve flexibility, strength, balance, coordination, and planning. Herr 说，一个例子可能是引入涉及“地板到站立”运动的练习。这些可以帮助提高灵活性、力量、平衡、协调性和计划。 “It sounds simple getting up from a lying position on the floor to stand,” Herr said. “But it’s a great exercise for all age groups.” 赫尔说：“听起来很简单，从地板上的一个躺着的位置站起来。” “但是对于所有年龄段来说，这都是一个很好的练习。” Earhart estimated about half of physical therapy patients seek help to deal with issues related to being overweight. “The more weight somebody is carrying the higher the loads are on their joints,” she said. Earhart估计有大约一半的物理疗法患者寻求帮助处理与超重有关的问题。 她说：“有人承受的重量越多，关节的负载就越高。” Herr said he had watched extremely overweight patients successfully lose large amounts of weight. He noted that some of these individuals are motivated for a specific reason. But for others, it is not always that clear and easy. 赫尔说，他已经看到极端超重的患者成功减轻了大量体重。 他指出，其中一些人是出于特定原因而有动力。 但是对于其他人来说，并不总是那么清晰。 “I have seen people change based on a milestone, like having a kid and they really want to be a good parent,” Herr said. “They want to be a fit parent, and the same thing with a grandparent. So that motivates people to engage because of a lifestyle change.” 赫尔说：“我已经看到人们基于一个里程碑，例如生孩子，他们真的想成为一个好父母。” “他们想成为一个合适的父母，而祖父母也是如此。 因此，这激励人们由于生活方式的改变而参与。”

Many of us might only seek out physical therapists if we are recovering from accidental injuries or surgery. However, medical experts say these specialists can also help prevent many health problems if they are seen on a regular basis. 我们中的许多人可能只有从意外伤害或手术中恢复过来时才能寻找物理治疗师。 但是，医学专家说，如果定期看到这些专家，也可以帮助预防许多健康问题。 One leader in the industry, Sharon Dunn, even calls physical therapists “the best-kept secret in health care.” Dunn is the past president of the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA). 该行业的一位领导者莎朗·邓恩（Sharon Dunn）甚至称物理治疗师为“医疗保健中最保鲜的秘密”。 邓恩（Dunn）是美国物理治疗协会（APTA）的前任主席。 She recently told The Associated Press she thinks people need to look at physical therapists in a new way – as health practitioners who can help identify possible medical issues before they appear. 她最近告诉美联社，她认为人们需要以一种新的方式研究物理治疗师 - 因为可以在出现之前帮助识别医疗问题的健康从业人员。 Other health experts share this opinion. They include Roger Herr, the current president of the APTA, and Gammon Earhart of Washington University in St. Louis. They both shared Dunn’s prevention message in separate discussions with the AP. 其他健康专家也分享了这一意见。 其中包括APTA现任总裁Roger Herr和圣路易斯华盛顿大学的Gammon Earhart。 他们俩都在与AP的单独讨论中分享了邓恩的预防信息。Earhart urges people to think about physical therapists just as they do dentists. “Even if you’re not having any problem, you go in and have everything checked out.” She noted that such examinations could help find and deal with problems early. Earhart敦促人们像牙医一样考虑物理治疗师。 “即使您没有任何问题，您也要进去，并签出一切。” 她指出，这种检查可以帮助早期发现并处理问题。 For example, an exam could include a patient’s health history and current health – things like physical activity, sleep, nutrition, and so on. This could be followed by a look at how a person is moving. Exams might uncover things like postural issues or unusual body movements. 例如，考试可能包括患者的健康病史和当前健康状况 - 例如体育锻炼，睡眠，营养等。 随后可以看一下一个人的移动。 考试可能会发现诸如姿势问题或不寻常的身体运动之类的东西。 Herr is a big supporter of yearly wellness visits. He told the AP he believes physical therapists can be helpful for all kinds of people – the young, athletes, or anyone who wants to be as “independent as possible.” HERR是年度健康访问的主要支持者。 他告诉美联社，他认为物理治疗师可能对各种各样的人（年轻人，运动员或任何想“尽可能独立”的人）有所帮助。In the United States, you can now visit a physical therapist in all 50 states without needing permission from a doctor or surgeon. 在美国，您现在可以参观所有50个州的物理治疗师，而无需医生或外科医生的许可。 However, a yearly exam might not be covered by a person’s health insurance. This could prevent some from seeking out care. 但是，每年的考试可能不会被一个人的健康保险所涵盖。 这可能会阻止某些人寻求护理。 Earhart estimated such a visit in areas across the U.S. Midwest might cost around $150. Herr suggested a cost of $200-$300 in more costly areas. But both experts said that in the long run, such exams might save money and can add healthy years.Earhart估计在美国中西部地区的地区进行了这样的访问，费用约为150美元。 HERR建议在更昂贵的地区成本为200-300美元。 但是两位专家都说，从长远来看，这样的考试可能会节省金钱并增加健康的岁月。

With sub-zero temperatures and heaps of snow as far as the eye can see, this is as close as you can get to the natural habitat of Siberian Huskies, Alaskan Malamutes, and other Arctic dog breeds.零下的气温和一望无际的雪堆组成了和西伯利亚哈士奇、阿拉斯加雪橇犬和其它极地犬种自然栖息地无比相似的环境。More than 1,000 of them have gathered in Östersund, taking on the challenge of pulling their sleds and drivers – or 'mushers' – as quickly as they can on the Swedish trails.超过 1000 只极地犬相聚在厄斯特松德，挑战用最快的速度拉着雪橇和它们的驾驶员，即 “雪橇手” 们，完成位于瑞典的比赛线路。The sprint races range from roughly five kilometres in length up to 34, and drivers can enter into heats where the sled is being pulled by two dogs up 'til the unlimited class that allows for 14 dogs.短程竞速赛分为从大约五公里到 34 公里的不同长度，而驾驶员可以参加不同的预赛类别，从两只狗拉雪橇到最高允许 14 只狗的无限制级别。There's also Nordic style, where the drivers are on skis. Within sled-dog racing, there are also long-distance competitions going on for days, like the annual 1600-kilometre Iditarod Challenge in Alaska, taking the dogs and their drivers on a trail through forests, mountains, and even across sea ice, sometimes through snow blizzards.锦标赛还包括北欧风格雪橇赛，这个项目中驾驶员穿着滑雪板比赛。在雪橇犬竞赛中也有持续多天的长距离赛事，比如每年在阿拉斯加举办的 1600 公里的艾迪塔罗德挑战赛，这一赛事中雪橇犬和它们的驾驶员需要完成途径森林、山地甚至海冰的路线，有时在整个比赛过程中还需要顶着暴风雪前进。And for any skiers worried that 1000 dogs would leave a bit of a mess behind on the snow, the competition managers in Östersund have been cleaning up and gathering any dog waste, and it's being turned into biogas – a renewable energy source used to heat up homes and buildings.而对于担心 1000 只狗会在雪地上留下不少粪便的滑雪者来说，厄斯特松德的赛事管理人员清理并收集了所有狗狗的粪便，并将其转化成了沼气——一种可以用来为住宅和其它建筑供暖的可再生能源。词汇表sub-zero （温度）零下的heaps 一堆，大量breeds （动物的）品种sleds 雪橇trails 雪道；野外的小径sprint races 短程赛，冲刺赛heats 预赛snow blizzards 暴风雪biogas 沼气，生物燃气

This is the first scientific study to compare schools with different smartphone policies. The researchers studied the habits of more than 1,200 teenagers in 20 schools which banned smartphones, and 10 that allowed some use, such as at breaktimes. They found only a modest difference in the use of phones, and no difference in measures of mental well-being, anxiety and depression. Grades in maths and English appeared to be no different.这是首个比较制定了不同智能手机规定的学校的科学研究。研究人员调查了超过 1200 名青少年使用手机的习惯，这些青少年分别来自 20 所禁用手机的学校，以及 10 所在课间等休息时间允许使用手机的学校。研究人员发现，实施了不同禁令的学校之间学生的手机使用习惯区别较小，而学生在心理健康、焦虑和抑郁等方面的评估结果也没有差别。这些学生的数学和英语成绩也没有明显区别。Since the data was gathered, bans have become the norm in England's schools, with increasing restrictions elsewhere in the UK. This study suggests that whatever schools do, the biggest factor is the rest of time teenagers spend on phones.自该研究的数据收集以来，手机禁令已经成为了英格兰学校中的惯例，英国其它地区的学校对手机的限制也在不断增加。这一研究表明，不论学校对使用手机有何要求，手机对青少年的最大影响因素在于青少年在学校之外使用手机的情况。词汇表policies 政策，规定habits 习惯banned 禁止了modest 较少的，适度的well-being 健康gathered 被收集norm 惯例，通常的做法restrictions 限制factor 因素

In labs around the world, scientists have been studying tiny black specks of dust from asteroid Bennu. They were collected by a NASA spacecraft which travelled to the space rock and unfurled a robotic arm to grab a sample to bring back to Earth.在位于全世界的实验室里，科学家们一直在研究从小行星贝努收集到的黑色灰尘颗粒。这些灰尘颗粒由美国国家航空航天局的一艘宇宙飞船采集，该飞船在抵达小行星后展开机械臂采集了一份样本，然后将其带回了地球。The detailed analysis has found the asteroid contains thousands of organic compounds, including amino acids, which are the molecules that make up proteins, and nucleobases – the fundamental components of DNA. This doesn't mean Bennu ever had life on it, but the theory is that asteroids like it crashed into the Earth early in our history, delivering these vital ingredients that enabled life to start here.在对样本的详细分析后发现，这颗小行星含有数千种有机化合物，包括能构成蛋白质的氨基酸和 DNA 的基本组成部分核碱基。这一发现并不意味着贝努上曾经有生命存在，但有理论认为和它类似的小行星在我们地球的历史早期撞击了地球，从而传递了能够让生命在此出现的关键要素。Scientists think if asteroids were bringing water and organic molecules to Earth, the same was happening on other planets too. This raises the question of whether Earth is unique, or if life started elsewhere in our solar system but we just haven't found it yet.科学家们认为，如果小行星将水和有机分子带到了地球上，那么在其它行星上也会发生同样的事情。这就引出了一个问题，即地球是否是独一无二的，还是说生命其实是在我们的太阳系里的其它地方产生的，只是我们还没有找到它。词汇表specks （粉尘的）颗粒unfurled 展开了，打开了sample 样本amino acids 氨基酸nucleobases 核碱基fundamental components 基本的组成部分，基本构件unique 独特的，独一无二的

1Move over Victoria sponge cake. Modern bakeries are trending – delivering fresh flavours and celebrating independence. 1越过维多利亚海绵蛋糕。 现代面包店正在流行 - 提供新鲜的风味并庆祝独立性。 2  Hybrid creations are becoming increasingly common. On a trip to the bakery, you could come across a cronut or a duffin, and Coyle's Bakeshop in Seattle, USA sells cretzels – a cross between a croissant and a pretzel. They're made of croissant dough, shaped like a pretzel and sprinkled with sea salt. Popular too are cakesicles, crumbled sponge mixed with frosting on a stick, and donut holes, a small round piece of donut dough that could fill the hole in a typical donut, hence the name.2杂交创作变得越来越普遍。 在去面包店的旅行中，您可以遇到一个cronut或duffin，而在美国西雅图，Coyle的Bakeshop出售了Cretzels，这是牛角面包和椒盐脆饼之间的十字架。 它们由羊角面包制成，形状像椒盐脆饼，并撒上海盐。 奶油也很受欢迎，碎石碎的海绵与糖果上的糖霜混合在一起，甜甜圈孔，一小块圆形的甜甜圈面团，可以填充典型的甜甜圈中的孔，因此名称。3  And it's not just creations that are changing – new ingredients are taking hold too. At the London-based bakery British Patagonia, you can tuck into a peanut, caramel and miso cookie – miso is typically a savoury Asian flavour. While there you could also have the nutty 'sticky pistachio' – a bake made from pistachio paste and pistachio ganache. Activated charcoal sourdough bread can frequently be found in bakeries too. Aside from being strikingly black, adding charcoal makes no change to the flavour of the bread because it's essentially tasteless and odourless. And turmeric lattes are also commonplace these days, if you fancy a healthy drink alongside a bite to eat.3，不仅仅是创造的变化 - 新成分也持续下去。 在总部位于伦敦的面包店的英国巴塔哥尼亚（British Batagonia），您可以塞入花生，焦糖和味o饼干 - 味o通常是一种咸味的亚洲风味。 虽然在那里，您也可以使用坚果的“开心果” - 一种由开心果糊和开心果Ganache制成的烘烤。 活性木炭酸面包也经常在面包店中找到。 除了令人惊讶的黑色外，添加木炭也不会改变面包的味道，因为它本质上是无味的，无味的。 如今，如果您喜欢吃健康的饮料，那么如今，姜黄拿铁也很普遍。4  Bakeries are also embracing dietary inclusivity and sustainability. Pink Lane Bakery in Newcastle delivers bakes to customers via electric van and cargo bikes, and their website states they take care to ensure their packaging is 'as recyclable as possible'. Consumers are increasingly choosing to buy more local and unique products by turning to independent bakeries. According to industry magazine Food and Beverage Business, 'This preference for artisanal options has driven the growth of independent bakery sales, which are expected to rise by 25.3% this year, reaching £1.6 billion.'4个面包店还包含饮食包容性和可持续性。 纽卡斯尔的Pink Lane Bakery通过电动货车和货物自行车向客户提供烘焙，他们的网站表示，他们要注意确保其包装“尽可能可回收”。 消费者越来越选择通过转向独立面包店来购买更多本地和独特的产品。 根据行业杂志食品和饮料业务的数据，“这种对手工选择的偏爱推动了独立面包店销售的增长，独立面包店的销售预计今年将增长25.3％，达到16亿英镑。”5  So, try a new flavour and shop local. Who knows what new trend is around the corner.5因此，尝试一种新的风味并在当地购物。 谁知道什么新趋势临近。

1  What's best: a brand new phone or a day out with your friends? Is it better to spend money to buy things or to do things? A study of UK consumers showed that six in ten people would rather spend their money on experiences than material possessions. Those aged 18-34 reported spending the highest amount on fun activities.1什么是最好的：全新的电话或与您的朋友一起出去？ 花钱买东西或做事更好吗？ 对英国消费者的一项研究表明，十分之六的人宁愿将钱花在经验上而不是物质财产上。 年龄18-34岁的人报告说，在有趣的活动上花费最高。2  Possessions can last for many years, while experiences are fleeting. This, however, might be the wrong way to look at things. Psychology professor Thomas Gilovich discovered that the happiness that objects provide can fade quickly. We adapt to having new possessions, so that rather than being something we are excited by, they just become our new normal. Soon we may even want to buy a better version of the things we own. Our feelings around possessions can also be affected by others. We tend to compare what we have with other people. If someone else has something better, we can start to feel envious.2财产可以持续多年，而经历正在转瞬即逝。 但是，这可能是看事物的错误方法。 心理学教授托马斯·吉洛维奇（Thomas Gilovich）发现，物体提供的幸福会很快消失。 我们适应拥有新财产，因此，他们只是成为我们的新常态，而不是成为我们感到兴奋的事物。 很快，我们甚至可能想购买我们拥有的物品的更好版本。 我们对财产的感觉也可能受到他人的影响。 我们倾向于将自己的东西与他人进行比较。 如果其他人有更好的事情，我们可以开始感到嫉妒。3  A holiday or a day out may have a short duration, but the happiness it provides can last much longer. Waiting for our latest purchases to be delivered is frustrating, but waiting for an exciting event gives us a feeling of anticipation. Experiences are often shared, so we gain pleasure from social connection and time spent with other people. Memories of our experiences become part of our identity. As Gilovich points out, we are the sum of our experiences. Indeed, the very fact that experiences last for a limited time can give them value. A physical good deteriorates over time, while our memories of an experience can give us pleasure year after year.3假期或一天的休息时间可能持续很短，但是它提供的幸福可以持续更长的时间。 等待我们最新的购买交付令人沮丧，但是等待激动人心的活动使我们有一种期待的感觉。 经验经常分享，因此我们从与他人度过的社交联系和时间中获得了乐趣。 对我们经历的记忆成为我们身份的一部分。 正如吉洛维奇（Gilovich）指出的那样，我们是我们的经验总和。 确实，经验持续有限的时间可以使他们有价值。 随着时间的流逝，身体的好处会恶化，而我们对体验的记忆可以使我们年复一年。4  Of course, it's not always that simple. Other studies have suggested that happiness gained from experiences might depend on your personality type, and how many possessions you already have. People with more introverted personality types may get less benefit from social occasions and those with few possessions may get greater benefit from objects. However, for many of us, it could be that when choosing how to spend our disposable income, we'll get far more benefit by spending on something to do, rather than something to have.4当然，这并不总是那么简单。 其他研究表明，从经验中获得的幸福可能取决于您的性格类型以及您已经拥有多少财产。 具有内向的人格类型的人在社会场合中可能会获得较少的好处，而那些拥有财产很少的人可能会从物体中获得更大的好处。 但是，对于我们许多人来说，可能是在选择如何花费我们的可支配收入时，我们会通过花费一些东西而不是要拥有的东西来获得更多的好处。

Dianthus Interspecific Capitán Magnifica is a new dianthus plant. It thrived through the test gardens’ summer heat. Its pink flowers, that grow on long stems, can be used as cut flowers. Cutting the plants back after their first bloom can result in strong new growth and better flower production. This dianthus was bred by Selecta One.戴安娜斯间种间的CapitánMagnifica是一种新的Dianthus植物。 它在测试花园的夏季炎热中蓬勃发展。 它的粉红色花朵在长茎上生长，可用作切花。 将植物首次开花后将植物切断会导致新的新生长和更好的花生产生。 这个Dianthus由Selecta One繁殖。Marigold Mango Tango is a marigold that has two-colored blooms: yellow and red. The small, strong plants provide nonstop color over an extended season. The variety was honored by European judges. It can be used for plantings in garden borders and in containers. Ernst Benary of America bred this variety.万寿菊芒果探戈（Marigold Marigold）是一种有两色花朵的万寿菊：黄色和红色。 较小的植物在延长的季节内提供不间断的颜色。 该品种受到欧洲法官的尊敬。 它可用于花园边界和容器中的种植。 恩斯特·贝尼（Ernst Benary）繁殖了这种品种。Nasturtium Baby Gold, Nasturtium Baby Red, and Nasturtium Baby Yellow were also praised by European judges.Nasturtium Baby Gold，Nasturtium Baby Red和Nasturtium Baby Yellow也受到欧洲法官的称赞。These new, small nasturtiums produce golden-yellow, rich red and soft yellow flowers that look pleasing next to their dark-green leaves. The judges praised their uniformly small appearance. Takii Europe BV bred these flowers.这些新的小nasturtiums产生了金黄色，浓郁的红色和柔软的黄色花朵，它们在深绿色的叶子旁边看起来令人愉悦。 法官称赞他们统一的外观。 Takii Europe BV繁殖了这些花。Petunia Dekko Maxx Pink is easy to grow and grows quickly.矮牵牛Dekko Maxx Pink易于生长和快速生长。These spreading, flat blooms excited the judges during summer trials. Flowers covered the plants throughout the season and held up well against heavy rain and bad weather. It was bred by Syngenta Flowers.在夏季试验期间，这些散布的扁平盛开兴奋了法官。 整个季节，鲜花覆盖了植物，并在大雨和恶劣的天气中保持良好状态。 它是由先正达花繁殖的。Petunia Shake Raspberry F1 has been compared to “a blended raspberry milkshake swirled with lemon-lime green sorbet on a superior-performing petunia.” This flower resisted heat and provided colorful blooms all season. It was bred by Hem Genetics BV.Petunia Shake Raspberry F1与“混合的覆盆子奶昔在出色的矮牵牛上旋转着柠檬石灰绿色冰糕”。 这朵花抵抗热量，并在整个季节提供五颜六色的盛开。 它是由Hem遗传学BV繁殖的。Snapdragon DoubleShot Yellow Red Heart F1 smells like sweet candy. It bloomed earlier than similar varieties in the trials. Trial judges noted its healthy, strong growth, long-lasting flowers, and good heat tolerance. Hem Genetics also bred this variety.Snapdragon Doubleshot黄色心脏F1闻起来像甜糖果。 它比试验中的类似品种早已开花。 审判法官注意到其健康，强大的生长，持久的花朵和良好的耐热性。 下摆遗传学也繁殖了这种品种。And finally, Zinnia Zydeco Fire is a disease-resistant zinnia variety that is fiery orange colored with strong stems. Judges found its flowers to be larger and more resilient than those of similar plants. Syngenta Flowers bred this variety as well.最后，Zinnia Zydeco Fire是一种抗病性的Zinnia品种，其烈火橙色，具有较强的茎。 法官发现其花比类似植物的花更大，更有弹性。 先正达花也繁殖了这种品种。We hope this list provides you with ideas for your garden planting wherever you are.我们希望此列表为您的花园种植提供任何想法，无论您身在何处。

If you are a gardener, you probably have some favorite plants that you grow year after year. But you might also like to try new plants sometimes.如果您是园丁，那么您可能会年复一年地生长一些最喜欢的植物。 但是您可能有时也想尝试新植物。Gardening expert Jessica Damiano recently reported for the Associated Press about one way to find new plants that might appeal to growers.园艺专家杰西卡·达米诺（Jessica Damiano）最近向美联社报道了一种寻找可能吸引种植者的新植物的一种方法。Each year, the independent, nonprofit organization All-America Selections (AAS) enlists more than 80 horticultural professionals from around the United States and Canada to serve as plant-trial judges.每年，独立的非营利组织全美选择（AAS）都会吸引来自美国和加拿大各地的80多名园艺专业人士，以担任植物性审判法官。Today, we share newly developed flowering plants meant to improve the appearance of your garden.今天，我们共享新开发的开花植物，旨在改善您的花园的外观。Celosia Flamma Pink is an upright flowering plant.Celosia Flamma Pink是一种直立的开花植物。This pink variety is the latest introduction in the Flamma Celosia series. It is a small, easy-to-grow celosia noted for strong blooming and vibrant, long-lasting flowers.这种粉红色品种是Flamma Celosia系列中的最新介绍。 它是一种小的，易于生长的celosia，可用于浓郁的盛开和充满活力的悠久的花朵。Judges praised its good performance even in hot and humid weather. It also lasts a long time in a container after it is cut. The plant is bred by Clover Seed Company.即使在炎热潮湿的天气下，法官也称赞其良好的表现。 切割后，它还可以在容器中持续很长时间。 该工厂由三叶草种子公司繁殖。Vinca Sphere Polkadot is a flat wide-petaled flower.Vinca Sphere Polkadot是一朵扁平的宽开花。Judges called this vinca variety resilient and beautiful. With a naturally tightly grouped, rounded appearance, the plant blooms throughout the summer. It grows well in hot, dry conditions and has good disease resistance and durability against heavy rain and storms. It is bred by Miyoshi & Co.法官称这种Vinca品种具有韧性和美丽。 整个夏天，植物盛开，植物盛开。 它在炎热，干燥的条件下生长良好，并且具有良好的抗病性和耐用性，以防止大雨和暴风雨。 它由Miyoshi＆Co。育种。Zinnia Crestar Mix combines “the best” crested zinnias in one seed pack. The pink, orange, red, white, peach and yellow flower blends well for mass plantings and succession sowing. Succession sowing means growing several plants that bloom in different seasons in your garden. Zinnia Crestar Mix can also provide a continuous supply of cut flowers during summer. The sun-loving plants also tolerated heat and humidity well in the trials. It is bred by Takii Europe.Zinnia Crestar混合物在一个种子包中结合了“最佳”冠冠。 粉红色，橙色，红色，白色，桃子和黄色的花融合了大众种植和继承播种。 继承播种意味着种植几种在花园中不同季节开花的植物。 夏尼亚乳奶酪混合物还可以在夏季提供连续的切花供应。 热爱阳光的植物在试验中也很好地耐受热和湿度。 它是由欧洲的Takii繁殖的。Dahlia Black Forest Ruby has ruby-red flowers that show up nicely against dark-colored leaves. The disease-resistant plant impressed judges with its overall durability. It was bred by Takii Europe B.V.大丽花黑森林红宝石（Ruby Ruby）有红宝石红色的花朵，与深色叶子相处得很好。 抗病植物的整体耐用性给法官留下了深刻的印象。 它是由Takii Europe B.V.育种的

Diagnoses have been increasing in both kids and adults. The recent government report also found adult ADHD was more common than earlier estimates had suggested.儿童和成人的诊断都在增加。 最近的政府报告还发现，成人多动症比早期估计所表明的更为普遍。“We haven’t had (federal) adult ADHD data in a long time,” said Angelika Claussen. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention researcher was one of the study’s writers.“很长一段时间以来，我们已经有（联邦）成人多动症数据了。” 美国疾病控制和预防中心研究人员是该研究的作家之一。There were signs of the rise, she added. Increasing demand for ADHD medication led to severe shortages after the COVID-19 pandemic hit in March 2020. A 2023 study showed the rise in prescriptions, or doctors’ orders for such medication, was notable in adults — especially among women.她补充说，有上升的迹象。 对多动症药物的需求不断增长，导致在2020年3月共同19日大流行后严重短缺。2023年的一项研究表明，处方的增加，或者医生的这种药物命令在成年人中，尤其是女性。ADHD diagnoses and medication were increasing before the pandemic. This is partly because of a change in general diagnostic measures in 2013. Those changes expanded the definition of ADHD and reduced the number of signs, or symptoms, required for diagnosis.多动症诊断和药物在大流行之前正在增加。 这部分是因为2013年的一般诊断措施发生了变化。这些变化扩大了多动症的定义，并减少了诊断所需的体征数量或症状。But cases really seemed to increase in 2020, when schools closed and many adults were forced to work from home.但是，当学校关闭并且许多成年人被迫在家工作时，案件似乎在2020年确实有所增加。“It’s very difficult to focus when you are home and you have kids,” Claussen said. She said such conditions may have worsened ADHD symptoms in people with less severe cases.克劳森说：“当您回家并且有孩子时，很难集中精力。” 她说，这种情况可能会使病例较少的人恶化ADHD症状恶化。Experts say that it was long believed that ADHD was underdiagnosed in adults. Now, experts debate about whether it has become over-diagnosed.专家说，长期以来，人们相信ADHD在成年人中被诊断不足。 现在，专家们辩论它是否已被过度诊断。There is no blood or brain test for the disorder. Experts say it is diagnosed when symptoms cause ongoing problems in more than one area of life, and when those symptoms began in early childhood. Experts say the best way professionals diagnose ADHD is by getting careful histories from patients and from people who know them. They also might test a patient’s memory and ability to focus.该疾病没有血液或大脑检查。 专家说，当症状在不止一个以上的生活中以及这些症状在幼儿时期开始时，症状会导致持续的问题时，就会被诊断出来。 专家说，专业人士诊断多动症的最佳方法是从患者和认识他们的人那里仔细的历史。 他们还可能测试患者的记忆和专注能力。But getting an appointment with a mental health professional can take months. And assessments can cost thousands of dollars. Many people turn to family doctors. People also take online diagnostic tests, some of which are linked to health companies that prescribe medications.但是，与心理健康专业人员一起预约可能需要几个月的时间。 评估可能会花费数千美元。 许多人转向家庭医生。 人们还参加在线诊断测试，其中一些与开药的保健公司有关。“There is a wide variability in this country in how people diagnose, how strict they are, and who they diagnose,” said Margaret Sibley. She is psychologist at University of Washington.玛格丽特·西布利（Margaret Sibley）说：“这个国家的人们如何诊断，他们的严格程度和诊断是谁的差异。” 她是华盛顿大学的心理学家。The American Professional Society of ADHD and Related Disorders is preparing a set of diagnosis and treatment guidelines for American health professionals who treat adults. Sibley is leading the work on the guidelines, which the organization expects to release later this year.美国多动症及相关疾病的美国专业学会正在为治疗成年人的美国卫生专业人员准备一套诊断和治疗指南。 Sibley正在领导该指南的工作，该组织预计将在今年晚些时候发布。

Allison Burk’s daughter was struggling. The American teenager had uncontrolled emotions, a decreased ability to pay attention and trouble completing work on time. A family doctor suggested testing for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD.艾莉森·伯克（Allison Burk）的女儿在挣扎。 这位美国少年的情绪不受控制，注意力的能力降低，并且按时完成工作麻烦。 一位家庭医生建议测试注意力缺陷/多动症或多动症。This led to an unexpected discovery: The teen had ADHD, and her mother, Allison Burk, did too. During her daughter’s testing, Burk thought, “Wait a minute. This sounds familiar.”这导致了一个意外的发现：这名少年患有多动症，她的母亲艾莉森·伯克（Allison Burk）也做了。 在女儿的测试中，伯克想：“等一下。 这听起来很熟悉。”“I was able to piece together that this might be something I was experiencing,” said Burk, who lives in Columbus, Ohio. She sought testing for herself and was diagnosed with ADHD — at 42 years old.伯克说：“我能够拼凑这可能是我正在经历的事情。” 她寻求自己的测试，并在42岁时被诊断出患有多动症。More adults are being diagnosed with ADHD. Diagnoses have been rising for at least 20 years but seem to have increased sharply in the last few years.更多的成年人被诊断出患有多动症。 诊断至少有20年的增长，但在过去几年中似乎急剧增加。A recent government study suggested that more than 15 million adults in the United States — about 1 in 17 — have been diagnosed with ADHD. The condition starts in childhood, but about half of adults with ADHD are diagnosed when they are 18 or older.最近的政府研究表明，美国有1500万成年人（大约17分之一）被诊断出患有多动症。 病情始于童年，但是大约一半的ADHD成年人在18岁或以上时被诊断出来。Some doctors say the number of people seeking ADHD testing is sharply increasing.一些医生说，寻求多动症测试的人数急剧增加。“Just in our clinic, requests for assessments have doubled in the last two years,” said Justin Barterian. He is a psychologist based at Ohio State University.贾斯汀·巴特里安（Justin Barterian）说：“就在我们的诊所中，过去两年的评估要求增加了一倍。” 他是俄亥俄州立大学的心理学家。ADHD makes it hard for people to pay attention and control their behaviors. The disorder can be genetic. Doctors often treat the disorder with drugs, behavioral therapy, or both.多动症使人们很难关注和控制自己的行为。 该疾病可能是遗传的。 医生经常通过药物，行为疗法或两者治疗这种疾病。Judy Sandler is 62 years old and lives in the U.S. state of Maine. She was diagnosed in her 50s. Sandler describes what ADHD feels like for her. “It’s like there’s an engine in you and you feel like it’s always running, and you can’t turn it off except with medication,” Sandler said.朱迪·桑德勒（Judy Sandler）今年62岁，居住在美国缅因州。 她在50多岁时被诊断出。 桑德勒描述了多动症对她的感觉。 桑德勒说：“就像你里面有一台引擎，你觉得它总是在运行，除了用药物外，你不能将其关闭。”ADHD has been called the most commonly diagnosed mental health disorder in American children. More than 7 million children in the U.S. have been diagnosed. The disorder was once thought to be something that resolved as children became adults.ADHD被称为美国儿童中最常见的心理健康障碍。 已诊断出美国超过700万儿童。 曾经认为，随着孩子成年，这种疾病被认为是解决的。But now, experts say they believe that many people are not diagnosed as kids and that the disorder continues into adulthood.但是现在，专家说，他们认为许多人没有被诊断为孩子，并且这种疾病持续成年。Adults with the condition talk about having trouble focusing on immediate responsibilities and planning their time. Some say the disorder has led to problems in their personal relationships.患有这种情况的成年人谈论要专注于立即责任并计划时间。 有人说，这种疾病导致了他们的人际关系问题。

Nearly 200 people in Vienna, Austria, gathered recently to enjoy two fun activities at the same time.奥地利维也纳的近200人聚集在一起，同时享受了两项有趣的活动。They worked with needles and yarn. And they watched a movie together called The Devil Wears Prada.他们用针和纱线工作。他们一起看了一部名为《穿普拉达的恶魔》的电影。"It sounds a bit like a grandmother, but it's relaxing.And…what's wrong with letting the grandmother in us express herself," joked Austrian Alexander Koch. He is a 28-year-old who crochets.奥地利亚历山大·科赫（Alexander Koch）开玩笑说：“这听起来有点像祖母，但很放松。……让我们内心的祖母表达自己有什么问题。” 他是一个28岁的钩针编织。Knitting or crocheting while watching movies has gained popularity in Europe.看电影时的编织或钩针编织在欧洲越来越受欢迎。Luisa Palmer was one of the organizers of the event. Palmer said that, during the COVID-19 pandemic, "A lot of people started knitting during the lockdown alone at home." Palmer launched the knitting evenings once a month at Votiv Kino, a place to watch movies in the center of the Austrian capital.路易莎·帕尔默（Luisa Palmer）是活动的组织者之一。 帕尔默（Palmer）说，在19日期的大流行期间，“很多人就在家里就开始编织。” 帕尔默每月在奥地利首都中心观看电影的场所每月开展编织晚会。"Now we need to find ourselves…" in real life, the 30-year-old told the French News Agency (AFP) before the event.“现在我们需要找到自己……”在现实生活中，这位30岁的年轻人在活动开始前告诉法国新闻社（法新社）。People are knitting, eating, or even breastfeeding babies while watching a movie. This movement is the latest attempt to add different things to the movie-watching experience, said Lisa Stolze. She is a spokesperson for Votiv Kino, the movie house.人们在看电影时在编织，进食，甚至是母乳喂养的婴儿。 丽莎·斯托兹（Lisa Stolze）说，这项运动是为电影观看体验添加不同事物的最新尝试。 她是电影屋Toviv Kino的发言人。To avoid knitting mistakes, a soft light remains on during the movie. This also helps to increase exchanges between the attendees.为了避免编织错误，电影期间柔和的光线仍然亮着。 这也有助于增加与会者之间的交流。Organizers based their event on similar ones in the United States, Northern Europe, Germany and France. Since launching in December of 2024, the movie events in Vienna are usually full.组织者将其活动基于美国，北欧，德国和法国的类似活动。 自2024年12月上映以来，维也纳的电影活动通常很满。"I usually knit while watching movies or listening to podcasts at home, so movie theaters are the perfect place for this activity," said Kaja Vospernik. She is a 23-year-old fashion student.Kaja Vospernik说：“我通常在看电影或在家听播客时编织，因此电影院是这项活动的理想场所。” 她是一名23岁的时尚系学生。As the movie plays, the colorful projects take shape. The film takes a back seat, meaning it is less important than the work of knitting or crocheting. Everyone shows off their work. Experienced knitters and crocheters help beginners learn new skills.电影播放时，色彩鲜艳的项目就会成形。 这部电影坐下了座位，这意味着它不如编织或钩编的工作重要。 每个人都炫耀他们的工作。 经验丰富的编织者和钩针编织者可以帮助初学者学习新技能。"You can come alone and knit in silence to relax. But if you are looking for company, this kind of event seems to me to be the right choice," said Judith Haslöwer.朱迪思·哈斯洛维尔（JudithHaslöwer）说：“你可以独自一人来默默地放松一下。但是，如果您正在寻找公司，在我看来，这种事件似乎是正确的选择。”She is another organizer of the event.她是活动的另一个组织者。People attend the events for several reasons. Some say the events let them reconnect with something real that is not on a computer. Others say they can “slow down a little.”人们参加活动的原因有几个。 有人说这些事件让他们与不在计算机上的真实事物重新连接。 其他人说他们可以“放慢一点”。Palmer said, "Doing something with your ten fingers is still more rewarding…" than working at a computer all day.帕尔默说：“用十个手指做某事仍然比整天在计算机上工作更有意义。”She added that picking the right movie is also important. Palmer likes to watch a good "cozy comedy” that she has already seen. She joked that it is best to avoid scary movies. They can make you jump causing you to lose your place in your knitting.她补充说，挑选正确的电影也很重要。 帕尔默（Palmer）喜欢观看她已经看到的一部好的“舒适喜剧”。她开玩笑说最好避免恐怖电影。他们可以让您跳跃，使您在编织中失去自己的位置。

A private spacecraft carrying several science experiments has successfully landed on the moon.一个携带多个科学实验的私人航天器成功降落在月球上。The lander, called Blue Ghost, was built by the American company Firefly Aerospace. The spacecraft touched down March 2 on the part of the moon’s near side called Mare Crisium. The near side of the moon is the side facing Earth.兰德（称为蓝色幽灵）是由美国公司Firefly Aerospace建造的。 该航天器于3月2日在月球附近的一侧称为Mare Crisium。 月球的近侧是面向地球的一侧。Officials at Firefly’s Mission Control center near Austin, Texas, confirmed the successful landing. The chief engineer for the Blue Ghost mission, Will Coogan, announced to excited workers: “We’re on the moon.”德克萨斯州奥斯汀附近的Firefly Mission Control Center的官员证实了成功的登陆。 蓝色幽灵任务的首席工程师威尔·库根（Will Coogan）向激动的工人宣布：“我们在月球上。”The officials said the spacecraft landed in the right position and was operating normally. The successful touchdown makes Firefly the first private company to land a spacecraft on the moon without crashing or having a major problem.官员们说，航天器降落在正确的位置，并且正常运作。 成功的达阵使Firefly成为第一家在没有崩溃或遇到重大问题的情况下将航天器登陆的私人公司。Only five countries can claim successful moon landings: Russia, the United States, China, India and Japan.只有五个国家可以声称成功的月球登陆：俄罗斯，美国，中国，印度和日本。Blue Ghost is named after a rare kind of firefly found in the U.S. The four-legged lander is two meters tall and 3.5 meters wide. It launched in mid-January from Florida, carrying 10 experiments for the American space agency NASA.蓝色幽灵以在美国发现的一种罕见的萤火虫命名，四足着陆器高两米，宽3.5米。 它于1月中旬从佛罗里达州推出，为美国航空航天局NASA进行了10次实验。In a statement, NASA said the 10 experiments are designed to operate on the surface of the moon for one lunar day, which is about 14 Earth days. The Associated Press reported that NASA paid $101 million for the spacecraft and $44 million for the equipment it carried.NASA在一份声明中说，这10个实验旨在在月球表面运行一个月球日，大约是14天。 美联社报道说，美国宇航局为航天器支付了1.01亿美元，并为其携带的设备支付了4,400万美元。It was the third mission under NASA’s Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) program. The program aims to turn over the country’s major space missions to private companies to reduce costs. Several other companies are part of the program.这是NASA商业月球有效载荷服务（CLPS）计划的第三项任务。 该计划旨在将该国的主要太空任务移交给私人公司，以降低成本。 其他几家公司也是该计划的一部分。Another lander, called Athena, is set to attempt a moon landing on March 6. That four-meter-tall spacecraft was built and operated by Houston-based Intuitive Machines. It will land on another part of the moon, about 160 kilometers from the lunar south pole.另一个名为Athena的着陆器将在3月6日尝试月球登陆。该四米高的航天器是由休斯顿的直觉机器建造和操作的。 它将降落在月球的另一部分，距离月南极约160公里。A third lander from private Japanese company ispace will attempt a moon landing in about three months. The lander, called Resilience, shared its rocket ride with Blue Ghost. But it took a longer path to the moon. The company is also attempting to land on the moon for the second time. Its first lander crashed in 2023.来自日本私人公司ISPACE的第三个着陆器将在大约三个月内尝试月球登陆。 登陆者称为弹性，与蓝色幽灵分享了它的火箭骑行。 但是它花了更长的道路通往月球。 该公司还试图第二次登陆月球。 它的第一批着陆器在2023年坠毁。NASA has said it aims to have two private landers launch to the moon each year, realizing some missions will fail. The space agency’s top science officer is Nicky Fox. She told the AP the latest launches “open up a whole new way for us to get more science to space and to the moon."NASA表示，其目标是每年将两个私人着陆人推向月球，意识到某些任务将失败。 航天局的高级科学官是尼克·福克斯（Nicky Fox）。 她告诉美联社，最新发射“为我们开辟了一种全新的方式，使我们可以使更多的科学登上太空和月球。”In the past, NASA’s successful moon landings involving astronauts cost billions of dollars. But Firefly chief Jason Kim said the private companies now building and launching spacecraft have a limited budget and the spacecraft operate robotically.过去，NASA成功的月球登陆涉及宇航员的登月耗资数十亿美元。 但是萤火虫负责人杰森·金（Jason Kim）表示，现在建造和推出航天器的私人公司的预算有限，航天器的运作方式是机器人的。Kim said everything went just as planned with Blue Ghost’s landing. “We got some moon dust on our boots," he added.金说，一切都按照蓝色幽灵的着陆计划进行。 他补充说：“我们的靴子上有一些月光灰尘。”

Sleep deprivation, or lack of sleep, is linked to heart disease, weight conditions, problems with thinking and remembering, and more.睡眠剥夺或缺乏睡眠与心脏病，体重状况，思维和记忆问题等有关。Deadly car crash numbers increase the first few days after the spring time change, a study of U.S. traffic deaths says. The risk of crashes is highest in the morning, it found. Researchers suggested sleep deprivation might be responsible.一项对美国交通死亡的研究说，致命的车祸数量在春季变化后的头几天增加。 它发现，坠机的风险在早晨最高。 研究人员认为，睡眠不足可能是负责的。The time change also has a link to the heart. The American Heart Association points to studies that suggest an increase in heart attacks on the Monday after daylight saving time begins, and in strokes for two days afterward.时间变化也有与心脏的联系。 美国心脏协会指出的研究表明，在日新月晚的星期一开始，心脏病发作的增加开始了，并在两天后用中风。Doctors already know that heart attacks, especially severe ones, are a bit more common on Mondays generally — and in the morning, when blood is more likely to clot.医生已经知道，心脏病发作，尤其是严重的心脏病发作，通常在星期一更为普遍 - 早晨，当血液更有可能凝结时。Researchers do not know why the time change would add to that Monday connection. But it is possible the sudden circadian change influences other issues such as high blood pressure in people already at risk.研究人员不知道为什么时间变化会增加周一的联系。 但是，突然的昼夜节律可能会影响其他问题，例如已经处于危险的人中的高血压。To prepare for daylight saving time, experts offer some advice. Slowly move bedtimes about 15 or 20 minutes earlier for several nights before the time change. Try to rise earlier the next morning, too. Go outside for early morning sunshine the first week of daylight saving time. This is another way to help reset your body’s clock. Start daily activities, like dinner or exercise, a little earlier. This may help tell your body to start getting used to the new conditions, sleep experts suggest.为了为节省日光的时间做准备，专家提供了一些建议。 在时间变化之前，大约15或20分钟前几个晚上慢慢移动睡眠时间。 第二天早上也尝试崛起。 在夏令时的第一周出门享受清晨的阳光。 这是帮助重置身体时钟的另一种方法。 早点开始日常活动，例如晚餐或运动。 睡眠专家建议，这可能有助于告诉您的身体开始适应新的条件。Daytime sleeping, the drug caffeine and light from phones and other electronic devices can make an earlier bedtime even harder.白天睡觉，手机和其他电子设备的咖啡因和光线可能会使早期的就寝时间更加困难。Americans have discussed ending daylight saving time. But so far, no official changes have been made.美国人已经讨论了结束日光节省时间。 但是到目前为止，尚未进行官方更改。Health groups such as the American Medical Association and American Academy of Sleep Medicine believe it is time to end time changes. The groups suggest that staying with standard time year-round works better for human biology and sleep needs.美国医学协会和美国睡眠医学学院等卫生组织认为，现在是时候结束时间变化了。 这些小组认为，与全年的标准时间保持在一起，可以更好地满足人类的生物学和睡眠需求。

Much of the United States “springs forward” on Sunday, March 9th, for daylight saving time. Worldwide, many other countries also observe daylight saving time, starting and ending on different dates.美国大部分地区在 3 月 9 日星期日“提前”实行夏令时。在全球范围内，许多其他国家/地区也遵守夏令时，从不同的日期开始和结束。The time change can leave people tired and perhaps unhappy the next day. But it also might even harm health. Some studies have found an increase in heart attacks and strokes right after the March time change.时间变化会使人们第二天疲倦甚至不开心。 但这甚至可能损害健康。 一些研究发现，在三月时间变化后，心脏病发作和中风有所增加。However, there are ways to ease the effects of the time change, including getting more sunshine. The light helps reset your circadian rhythm for healthful sleep.但是，有一些方法可以缓解时间变化的影响，包括获得更多的阳光。 光线有助于重置您的昼夜节律，以使其健康睡眠。In the U.S., daylight saving time begins Sunday at 2:00 in the morning. The time change will reverse on November 2 when clocks “fall back” as daylight saving time ends.在美国，夏令时节的时间是在周日的2:00开始。 随着日光节省时间结束，时钟“倒退”时，时间变化将在11月2日倒转。The state of Hawaii and most of the state of Arizona do not make the spring change. Those areas remain on standard time along with Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands.夏威夷州和亚利桑那州大部分地区并没有改变春季的变化。 这些地区与波多黎各，美国萨摩亚，关岛和美属维尔京群岛一起保持标准时间。Some people try to prepare for the change to daylight saving time by going to bed a little earlier two or three nights ahead. But with a third of American adults already not getting the suggested seven hours of nightly sleep, catching up can be difficult.有些人试图为改变日光的时间做准备，以便在前面的两三个晚上上床睡觉。 但是，由于三分之一的美国成年人已经没有得到建议的七个小时的睡眠，因此很难赶上。The brain has a kind of clock that is set by exposure to sunlight and darkness. This clock, known as the circadian rhythm, is on a roughly 24-hour cycle. It governs when we become sleepy and when we are more wakeful. The rhythms change with age. This is one reason that early-to-rise young children turn into hard-to-wake teenagers.大脑的时钟是通过暴露在阳光和黑暗中来设定的。 这个时钟被称为昼夜节律，大约是24小时的周期。 当我们变得困倦时，当我们更加清醒时，它会政策。 节奏随着年龄的增长而变化。 这就是早期幼儿变成难以熟力的青少年的原因之一。Morning light resets the rhythm. By evening, levels of a hormone called melatonin begin to increase, leading to tiredness. Too much light in the evening — that extra hour from daylight saving time — delays the melatonin increase. As a result, the cycle gets delayed.早晨灯重置节奏。 到晚上，称为褪黑激素的激素水平开始增加，导致疲倦。 晚上太多的光线（夏令时期的额外小时）延迟了褪黑激素的增加。 结果，周期被延迟。The circadian rhythm affects more than sleep. It also influences heart rate, blood pressure, hormone releases and other systems.昼夜节律影响不仅仅是睡眠。 它还影响心率，血压，激素释放和其他系统。

In labs around the world, scientists have been studying tiny black specks of dust from asteroid Bennu. They were collected by a NASA spacecraft which travelled to the space rock and unfurled a robotic arm to grab a sample to bring back to Earth.在位于全世界的实验室里，科学家们一直在研究从小行星贝努收集到的黑色灰尘颗粒。这些灰尘颗粒由美国国家航空航天局的一艘宇宙飞船采集，该飞船在抵达小行星后展开机械臂采集了一份样本，然后将其带回了地球。The detailed analysis has found the asteroid contains thousands of organic compounds, including amino acids, which are the molecules that make up proteins, and nucleobases – the fundamental components of DNA. This doesn't mean Bennu ever had life on it, but the theory is that asteroids like it crashed into the Earth early in our history, delivering these vital ingredients that enabled life to start here.在对样本的详细分析后发现，这颗小行星含有数千种有机化合物，包括能构成蛋白质的氨基酸和 DNA 的基本组成部分核碱基。这一发现并不意味着贝努上曾经有生命存在，但有理论认为和它类似的小行星在我们地球的历史早期撞击了地球，从而传递了能够让生命在此出现的关键要素。Scientists think if asteroids were bringing water and organic molecules to Earth, the same was happening on other planets too. This raises the question of whether Earth is unique, or if life started elsewhere in our solar system but we just haven't found it yet.科学家们认为，如果小行星将水和有机分子带到了地球上，那么在其它行星上也会发生同样的事情。这就引出了一个问题，即地球是否是独一无二的，还是说生命其实是在我们的太阳系里的其它地方产生的，只是我们还没有找到它。词汇表specks （粉尘的）颗粒unfurled 展开了，打开了sample 样本amino acids 氨基酸nucleobases 核碱基fundamental components 基本的组成部分，基本构件unique 独特的，独一无二的

Japanese automaker Toyota says it is building a research center in a city-like setting to test robotics, artificial intelligence (AI) and autonomous vehicle technologies.日本汽车制造商丰田汽车说，它正在在类似城市的环境中建立研究中心，以测试机器人技术，人工智能（AI）和自动驾驶汽车技术。Toyota recently announced it had completed the first part, or phase, of the center, called Woven City. It sits near the southern Japanese city of Susono. Company officials recently showed off the latest progress to reporters from the Associated Press.丰田最近宣布已完成该中心的第一部分或阶段，称为Woven City。 它坐落在日本南部城市Susono附近。 公司官员最近向美联社的记者展示了最新的进展。Daisuke Toyoda is an executive for Toyota who is helping lead the project. He told the AP that the center was not designed to be a “smart city.” However, it aims to carry out technology research and development and be “a test course for mobility.”Daisuke Toyoda是丰田公司的高管，他正在帮助领导该项目。 他告诉美联社，该中心并非被设计为“聪明的城市”。 但是，它旨在进行技术研发，并成为“移动性的测试课程”。The company said Woven City would serve as a “Living Laboratory.” It aims to test technology systems to support future changes in “the movement of people, goods, information and energy.”该公司表示，编织城将作为“活实验室”。 它旨在测试技术系统，以支持“人，商品，信息和能源的运动”的未来变化。Toyoda said the center is meant to be a place where researchers and technology company officials can come together and share ideas. It will also seek to establish a community with a shared desire “to co-create, develop and refine” new technology products and services.Toyoda说，该中心本来是研究人员和技术公司官员可以聚集在一起并分享想法的地方。 它还将寻求建立一个以“共同创建，开发和完善”新技术产品和服务的共同愿望的社区。Woven City was built on the grounds of a closed Toyota automobile factory. The automaker said the project’s first phase covers about 47,000 square meters. When completed, it will spread out over 294,000 square meters.编织城是建于一家封闭的丰田汽车工厂的地面上的。 这位汽车制造商表示，该项目的第一阶段覆盖约47,000平方米。 完成后，它将扩散到294,000平方米以上。Building operations on Woven City began in 2021. All the buildings are connected by underground passageways. Among planned testing activities will include self-driving vehicles making waste pickups and completing deliveries around the area. Testing operations will center on how people living in cities can best interact with changing technologies.编织城的建筑行动始于2021年。所有建筑物均通过地下通道连接。 在计划的测试活动中，将包括自动驾驶车辆制造废物拾音器并完成该地区的交货。 测试操作将集中在城市中的人们如何最好地与不断变化的技术互动。Currently, no one lives in Woven City. When it opens, officials plan on having about 100 people living there. They will be called “weavers.” These are workers employed by Toyota and its partner companies making other products.目前，没有人居住在编织城。 开放时，官员们计划让大约100人居住在那里。 他们将被称为“织布工”。 这些是丰田及其合作伙伴公司雇用的工人。When AP reporters visited the area, Japanese coffee maker UCC was serving hot drinks from a self-driving bus. The bus was parked in an area surrounded by still-empty housing.当AP记者访问该地区时，日本咖啡机UCC正在自动驾驶巴士提供热饮。 公共汽车停在被仍然空地的住房包围的地区。Toyota has supported electric vehicle (EV) technology in the past. However, the company is currently involved in a push for hydrogen, the energy of choice in Woven City.丰田过去曾支持电动汽车（EV）技术。 但是，该公司目前参与推动氢，这是编织城的首选能量。Keisuke Konishi is an automobile expert at Japan’s Quick Corporate Valuation Research Center. He told the AP Toyota has plans to expand into self-driving vehicle services to compete with Google’s Waymo and other large companies.Keisuke Konishi是日本快速公司评估研究中心的汽车专家。 他告诉AP Toyota计划扩展到自动驾驶汽车服务，以与Google的Waymo和其他大型公司竞争。Konishi noted the company has the money for such development even if it means building up a completely new business. “Toyota has the money to do all that,” he said.Konishi指出，该公司有这种开发的钱，即使这意味着要建立全新的业务。 他说：“丰田有钱做所有这一切。”Toyota officials have said they do not expect Woven City to make money, at least not for the first few years.丰田官员表示，他们不希望编织城赚钱，至少在头几年没有。Several other futuristic developments have been planned in other areas of the world over the years. They have included efforts in Toronto, Canada; Saudi Arabia; Abu Dhabi; and San Francisco, California. But those projects are either still being developed or have been canceled.多年来，在世界其他领域还计划了其他一些未来派发展。 他们包括在加拿大多伦多的努力； 沙特阿拉伯; 阿布扎比； 和加利福尼亚州旧金山。 但是这些项目仍在开发或已取消。

All seven major planets form a kind of parade in the sky at the end of February. Although two of the planets are not visible to the unaided eye, all are on the same side of the sun during the evening hours.2月底，所有七个主要行星构成了天空中的一种游行。 尽管在傍晚时分，两个行星都不可见。This planetary grouping happens when the planets appear to line up in the night sky as seen from Earth. They do not form a straight line, but they do stretch across the evening sky this year.当地球从地球上看到的行星似乎在夜空中排队时，就会发生这种行星分组。 它们没有形成直线，但是今年他们确实遍布整个晚上的天空。The American space agency, NASA, says these astronomical gatherings are common. A parade of four or five planets visible to the unaided eye happens every few years.美国航天局NASA说，这些天文学聚会很普遍。 每隔几年就会发生四到五个行星的游行。A similar parade took place last June, but only two planets could be seen without the use of special equipment. Six planets were visible in January. Four were visible to the unaided eye. In recent weeks, Mercury joined the group.去年6月也举行了类似的游行，但没有使用特殊设备就可以看到两个行星。 一月份可见六个行星。 四个是无助的眼睛可见的。 最近几周，水星加入了该小组。Venus, Mars and Jupiter are all easily visible in the evening. Saturn is now very close to the setting sun and Mercury is close to the horizon, making both hard to see. Uranus and Neptune are the most distant planets. Uranus can be glimpsed with binoculars or a telescope under good conditions. But Neptune is now too close to the sun to be seen.维纳斯，火星和木星在晚上都很容易看到。 土星现在非常接近夕阳，水星靠近地平线，这使得两者都很难看到。 天王星和海王星是最遥远的行星。 天王星可以在良好条件下用双筒望远镜或望远镜瞥见。 但是海王星现在离太阳太近了，无法看到。Seeing the brightest planets is easy. Go outside on a clear night after sunset. The planets will shine brighter than the stars. Mars is a bright, reddish-orange light appearing high in the constellation Gemini. Jupiter is very bright and a little lower than Mars toward the constellation Taurus.看到最亮的行星很容易。 日落后的一个晴朗的夜晚去外面。 行星比星星更亮。 火星是星座的明亮，红橙色的光。 木星非常明亮，比火星驶向金牛座的火星要低一些。Venus, in the constellation of Pisces, is the brightest natural object in the sky besides the sun and moon.金星在双鱼座的星座中，是太阳和月亮以外的天空中最亮的天然物体。There are many stargazing apps available that can help identify the planets and bright stars.有许多观星应用程序可帮助识别行星和明亮的星星。The planets will slowly move lower and lower in the west throughout the spring.整个春季，行星将在西部缓慢移动。

Danish researchers have announced the discovery of a collection of wooden pieces placed in a circle that are believed to date back thousands of years ago.丹麦的研究人员宣布发现了一堆圆圈集合的木材，据信可以追溯到数千年前。The team says the wood pieces and some other objects were found during building work in the northwestern Danish town of Aars. The discovery led the researchers to suggest the people who placed the wooden pieces might have been linked to a group who built Britain’s famous Stonehenge stone structure.团队说，在丹麦西北城镇AARS的建筑工程中发现了木块和其他一些物体。 这一发现导致研究人员建议将木制碎片放置的人们可能与建立英国著名的巨石石结构的团体有关。A total of 45 ancient wood pieces were discovered underground last week during building, or construction, work. The pieces formed a circle about 30 meters across.上周在建筑物或施工工作期间，总共发现了45块古老的木材。 这些碎片形成了一个约30米的圆圈。In an email to the French news agency AFP, Sidsel Wahlin of the town’s Vesthimmerlands museum described the discovery as “a once in a lifetime find.”在给法国新闻社法新社的电子邮件中，该镇的Vesthimmerlands博物馆的Sidsel Wahlin描述了这一发现是“一生的发现”。The circle "points to a strong connection with the British henge world," she added.她补充说，圈子“指向与英国亨格世界有着密切的联系”。The British Museum says on its website the first stones placed at Stonehenge, in southern England, are believed to have started arriving there around 3000 BC.大英博物馆说，在其网站上，据信在英格兰南部的巨石阵放置的第一批石头已经开始到达公元前3000年左右。The Danish researchers said they were also looking to see whether an inner circle might also exist where the wooden pieces were found. Wahlin noted that in the past, other wood circles had been found on the Danish island of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea.丹麦的研究人员说，他们还希望查看发现木质碎片的地方是否也可能存在。 瓦林指出，过去，在波罗的海的丹麦岛上发现了其他木圈。But Wahlin said the circle in Aars was "the first one of this larger type that we can properly investigate.”但是瓦林说，AARS中的圆圈是“我们可以正确调查的较大类型中的第一个。”Archeologists working at the building site also found an ancient settlement that included a leader’s grave and a bronze sword.在建筑工地工作的考古学家还发现了一个古老的定居点，其中包括领导者的坟墓和铜剑。Wahlin said her team was still carrying out detailed work in the area in an effort to estimate the age and purpose of the materials.沃林说，她的团队仍在该地区进行详细的工作，以估算材料的年龄和目的。In particular, the archeologists are now searching for religious-connected materials known as "ritual deposits." These might include flint arrow heads and small knives or daggers.特别是，考古学家现在正在寻找称为“仪式矿床”的宗教材料。 这些可能包括火石箭头，小刀或匕首。Wahlin said the researchers will continue looking for links between the Aars site and other groups, such as those who built Stonehenge. She added the influence of other groups had already been found in some objects and graves found in Denmark.沃林说，研究人员将继续寻找AARS网站与其他团体（例如建造巨石阵的人）之间的联系。 她补充说，在丹麦发现的一些物体和坟墓中已经发现了其他群体的影响。