This Week in Virology

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit Vincent, Dickson, Alan and Rich discuss an estimate of the number of different mammalian viruses on Earth. Links for this episode: Estimate of unknown viral diversity in mammals (mBio) How many viruses on Earth? (virology blog) Letters read on TWiV 249 Weekly Science Picks Alan - Extreme macrophotographyDickson - Baloney detection kitRich - Mutant silkworms spin colored silk (original article)Vincent - FlightRadar24 Listener Pick of the Week Jenn - Ebola by William CloseJenn - Eleven Blue Men by Berton RouecheNissin -Profiles in Science Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, and Rich Condit Vincent, Dickson, and Rich reveal how experiments with a malaria parasite lead to the introduction of a mammalian retrovirus into birds. Links for this episode: Scientists cast doubt on MERS origin (NY Times) Animal reservoirs of SARS coronavirus (Virus Res) Jo Handelsman in the White House Origins of REV (PLoS Biology) Inadvertent transfer (virology blog) Mongoose, pheasant, pox, retrovirus (PLoS Biol) Evolutionary history of REVs Amazing story (Ed Yong) My wife's P. lophurae paper (Mol Bio Parasitol) William Trager's SNV paper (Exp Biol Med) EBV detection tests (Clin Diag Lab Immunol) Letters read on TWiV 248 Weekly Science Picks Dickson - Google SkyRich - Vanishing of the Bees (see also Bee Apocalypse Now)Vincent - Not Exactly Rocket Science Listener Pick of the Week Saira - Reproducibility Initiative Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Special guest: Ian Lipkin Ian joins Vincent, Alan, Rich, and Kathy to describe how his laboratory is searching for the origin of MERS-coronavirus. Links for this episode: MERS-CoV in bats (EID) Mystery virus (NY Times) Part of MERS-CoV found in bat (virology blog() T. perforatus Frag virus (Virol J) Even Nature got it wrong! (Nature) Bats: Important reservoirs of emerging viruses (Clin Micro Rev) Letters read on TWiV 247 Weekly Science Picks Kathy - Rainbows explained (Frazz)Alan - Challenge.govVincent - 23andmeRich - Spot the station Listener Pick of the Week Frank - Pacifier cleaning practices and risk of allergy development (Pediatrics) Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Alan, Rich, and Kathy discuss the huge Pandoravirus, virologists planning H7N9 gain of function experiments, and limited access to the HeLa cell genome sequence. Links for this episode: Pandoraviruses (Science) Unlike anything seen before (virology blog) H7N9 gain of function experiments planned (Nature, Science) Virologists plan H7N9 gain of function experiments (virology blog) Creating a deadly virus? Not!! (USA Today) HeLa cell genome sequence (Nature) NIH Director explains HeLa agreement (Nature) HeLa deal (Nature) Biospecimen policy (Nature) Sequencing HeLa the right way (turbidplaque) Skloot on HeLa deal (The Scientist) HeLa deal (NY Times, USA Today) Picture on Condit's wall (EID) Letters read on TWiV 246 Video of this episode - view below or at YouTube Weekly Science Picks Kathy - GeoGuesserAlan - From one, many (YouTube)Vincent - Dave Bhella: The Wildy Award Talk (Microbeworld video)Rich - 1981 primitive internet report (YouTube) Listener Pick of the Week CN - How the Mind Works by Steven Pinker Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Host: Vincent Racaniello Guests: S. Jane Flint, Lynn Enquist, Glenn Rall, and Ann Skalka The authors of the popular textbook Principles of Virology discuss how the book was conceived and written. Links for this episode: Principles of Virology Lahiere's General Virology by SE Luria Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Alan Dove Guests: Dan Barouch and Jeff Teigler This episode of TWiV was recorded before an audience at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, where Vincent and Alan spoke with Dan and Jeff about AIDS vaccines. Links for this episode: Human study of adenovirus 26 HIV-1 envelope vaccine (J Inf Dis) Seroepidemiology of adenovirus serotypes (Vaccine) SIV infection associated with expansion of gut virome (Cell, TWiV #204) Global approach to HIV-1 vaccine development (Immunol Rev) Innate cytokine responses to adenoviruses (J Virol) microRNAs as mediators of viral evasion (Nat Immunol) Letters read on TWiV 244 Weekly Science Picks Jeff - Science in the News; How to succeed in science (part one and part two)Alan - Nanostructure flowersVincent - Scientific culture Listener Pick of the Week Basel - The sequester blues Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Guests: Rebecca Dutch and Christiane Wobus On this episode of TWiV, which was recorded before a large enthusiastic audience at the annual meeting of the American Society for Virology, Vincent, Rich, and Kathy speak with Rebecca and Christiane about their work on metapneumoviruses and noroviruses. Links for this episode: TWiV 143 with Stephanie Karst American Society for Virology Mouse model for human norovirus (mBio) Paramyxovirus fusion (Viruses) Photo credit: Matt Evans Weekly Science Picks Kathy - Shuffling cardsVincent - Dave Bhella - Electron cryomicroscopyRich - Seven-year postdoc Listener Pick of the Week Judi - Reading for science literacy Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler The complete TWiV team talks about how two different viruses shape the evolution of an essential housekeeping protein. Links for this episode: Dual virus-host arms race (PLoS Biology) Dual virus-receptor duel (see comments - virology blog) Ferritin and transferrin (Protein Data Bank) Money for nothing (YouTube) Letters read on TWiV 242 Weekly Science Picks Dickson - Mantid imagesKathy - No email? (phd comics)Alan - The turbid plaqueVincent - AAM Faq: West Nile VirusRich - Science is awesome Listener Pick of the Week Luis - Public Health Image LibraryStephen - Hopkins closes graduate science-writing program Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Alan, Rich and Kathy review how human placental trophoblasts confer viral resistance via exosome-mediated delivery of microRNAs, and isolation of the first human influenza virus in 1933. Links for this episode: Human placental trophoblasts confer viral resistance (PNAS) Placental circulation (Wikipedia) Ovum in uterine decidua (Wikipedia) A virus obtained from influenza patients (Lancet) 80 years ago today (the guardian) Influenza: Exposing the true killer (J Exp Med) Letters read on TWiV 239 Weekly Science Picks Matt - The Kid Should See ThisAlan - Cassini to photograph Earth Vincent -Cockroaches! (YouTube)Rich - Sydney Brenner (Web of Stories) Listener Pick of the Week Joe - Grand challenges in science education (Science)Mark - Weather Underground Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Host: Vincent Racaniello Guests: Markus Thali and Jason Botten Vincent travels to the University of Vermont to talk with Markus and Jason about their work on HIV, influenza virus, arenaviruses and hantaviruses. Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Matt Frieman Matt joins Vincent, Alan, and Rich to summarize what we know and what we do not know about the MERS coronavirus. Links for this episode: MERS-CoV update (WHO) MERS-CoV evolution (epidemic) Sick camel linked to MERS-CoV death (7Days) MERS-CoV hospital outbreak (NEJM) MERS-CoV French hospital cluster (Lancet) MERS-CoV family cluster (NEJM) Matt on MERS-CoV on the Voice of Russia Letters read on TWiV 239 Weekly Science Picks Matt - The Kid Should See ThisAlan - Cassini to photograph Earth Vincent -Cockroaches! (YouTube)Rich - Sydney Brenner (Web of Stories) Listener Pick of the Week Ebrahim - Virus Hunter by CJ Peters and Mark Olshaker Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Rich and Kathy discuss mechanisms of protein synthesis and regulation in virus-infected cells. Links for this episode: Slides for this episode (pdf) T7 ribosomal binding sites (CSH Symp Quant Biol) Tinkering with translation (CSH Persp) Translation at nexus of infection and immunity (Cell Host Microbe) Viral subversion of protein synthesis machinery (Nat Rev Micr) Weekly Science Picks Kathy - Vaccine-preventable outbreaksRich - To Catch a Virus by John Booss and Marilyn J. AugustVincent - This is Water by David Foster Wallace Listener Pick of the Week Jon - Confessions of a converted lecturer by Eric MazurPeter - FameLab Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Rich Condit Guest: Michael Emerman Vincent and Rich recorded this episode at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle, WA, where they met up with Michael to talk about his work on the molecular and evolutionary basis of HIV replication and pathogenesis. Links for this episode: Ancient origins of SIV (PLoS Path) Paleovirology (PLoS Biology) Harmit Malik on TWiV 205 Sara Sawyer on TWiV 193 Listener Pick of the Week Molly - Facts in the case of Dr. Andrew Wakefield Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Alan and Kathy review novel approaches to preventing influenza virus infection. Links for this episode: Ultraprotective influenza vaccine in mice (PNAS) Vectored immunoprophylaxis of influenza in mice (Nat Biotech) Intranasal antibody gene transfer protects agains influenza (Sci Transl Med) Estimating influenza associated deaths (CDC) Multistate HAV outbreak (CDC) Subscribe to Microbeworld video (YouTube) Save podcasting (EFF) Letters read on TWiV 236 Weekly Science Picks Alan - Psychology of antivaccinationistsVincent - Virology on CourseraKathy - Meteorites through the ages Listener Pick of the Week Basel - Self-medication in animalsSheryl - Noadi's artFelicity - Survival of the Sickest by Sharon Moalem Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Rich Condit Guests: Dave Evans, Stan Lemon, and Lorne Tyrrell Vincent and Rich recorded this episode before an audience at the 2nd Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology Symposium at the University of Alberta, where they spoke with Dave, Stan, and Lorne about their work on poxvirus vaccines and recombination, an enveloped picornavirus, antivirals against hepatitis B and C viruses, and supporting virology research in Alberta. Links for this episode: Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research Raised on a farm (YouTube) Vaccinia virus strains in Dryvax vaccine (J Virol) Vaccinia DNA polymerase and recombination (J Virol) Picornavirus hijacks cell membrane (Nature) Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Kathy Spindler Guests: Nels Elde and Tom Shenk Vincent and Kathy recorded this episode before an audience at the 2013 General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology in Denver, Colorado, where they spoke with Nels and Tom about their work on the evolution of virus-host conflict and how viruses influence the cell metabolome. Links for this episode: A cross-species view on viruses (Curr Op Virol) Pox has got a squeeze box (TWiV 198) Saturated fatty acids needed for CMV (PLoS Path) CMV and HSV metabolomes differ (PLoS Path) Video of this episode - view at YouTube Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Rich, Alan and Kathy review aerosol transmission studies of influenza H1N1 x H5N1 reassortants, H7N9 infections in China, and the MERS coronavirus. Links for this episode: Aerosol transmission of H1N1 x H5N1 reassortants (Science) It's good science (virology blog) Viral engineering dangers (Nature) Colorblind web page filter Influenza H7N9 update (ProMedMail) Influenza H7N9 risk assessment (WHO, pdf) Influenza H7N9 confirmed cases (WHO) New coronavirus gets a new name (ScienceInsider) Novel coronavirus infection update (WHO) Coronavirus infections (WHO) Letters read on TWiV 233 Weekly Science Picks Alan - Space Oddity (YouTube)Rich - Walk through giant colonVincent - Transport proteinsKathy - Vomiting Larry (YouTube) Listener Pick of the Week Tom - US patent system is broken (DailyTech) Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Roberto Cattaneo, Reuben Harris, Lou Mansky, and Leslie Schiff Vincent meets up with Roberto, Reuben, Lou, and Leslie at the University of Minnesota to talk about their work on HIV-1, APOBEC proteins, measles virus, and teaching virology to undergraduates. Links for this episode: University of Minnesota virology timeline Revisiting HIV-1 lethal mutagenesis (Trends Micro) Exploiting HIV-1 drug repositioning (J Virol) 5-azaC induces HIV-1 lethal mutagenesis (J Virol) HIV-1 fitness and mutation rate (J Mol Biol) APOBEC3 mutagenesis in breast cancer (Nature) Restriction factors of HIV (J Biol Chem) Nectin-4 is epithelial measles receptor (Nature) Photographs of this episode: Click here Video of this episode - YouTube Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Amit Kapoor, Lan Quan, and Ian Lipkin Vincent meets up with Amit, Lan, and Ian to discuss their discovery of hepaciviruses and pegiviruses in bats and rodents. Links for this episode: Canine hepacivirus (TWiV 137) Rodent homologs of hepaciviruses and pegiviruses (mBio) Bats are a reservoir of hepaciviruses and pegiviruses (PNAS) Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Rich, Alan and Kathy review H7N9 infections in China, the debate over patenting genes, and receptor-binding by ferret-transmissible avian H5 influenza virus. Links for this episode: Francois Jacob dies (The Loom) WHO updates on H7N9 H7N9 is unusually dangerous (ScienceInsider) H7N9 case imported into Taiwan No H7N9 in poultry farms (Xinhua) Supreme Court considers gene patents (TheScientist, Nature) Patent my jeans, not my genes (Michael Wosnick) Receptor binding by ferret transmissible H5 virus (Nature) Microscale thermophoresis and bio-layer interferometry (Wikipedia) Letters read on TWiV 230 Weekly Science Picks Alan - World Science FestivalRich - 3 years of the sun in 3 minutesVincent - The Origin of AIDS by Jacques PepinKathy - Wringing out a wet washcloth in space (YouTube) Listener Pick of the Week Mark - Will it blend? (iPhone app)Marianne - Enjoy your Cells Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Dickson Despommier, and Alan Dove Vincent, Rich, Dickson, and Alan review the current status of human infections with avian influenza H7N9 virus. Links for this episode: Hilary Koprowski, 96 (NY Times) Koprowski, Kessin, Racaniello photo Listen to the Music by Roger Vaughan Influenza ocular infections (one, two) H7N9 global concerns (NEJM) Human infection with H7N9 (NEJM) WHO Global Alert and Response, H7N9 Avian influenza A(H7N9) virus (WHO) Novel H7N9 reassortant, implications for Europe (Eurosurveill) Genetic analysis of H7N9 (Eurosurveill) H7N9 compared with H7N7 outbreaks (Eurosurveill) Image credit: Eurosurveillance Letters read on TWiV 229 Weekly Science Picks Alan - Nature PastCastRich - How dengue does itVincent - Squeaky Squeegee Art by Deb SklutDickson - Agritecture Listener Pick of the Week Mike - Chemistry in its element: Elements and Compounds Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Britt Glausinger, and Eva Harris Vincent visits the University of California at Berkeley and speaks with Britt Glaunsinger and Eva Harris about their work on Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus and dengue virus. Thanks to the Microbiology Graduate Students for hosting me at their annual symposium, and especially to Emma, Lisa, and Zoe for their wonderful hospitality during my stay. Links for this episode: RNA element in IL-6 confers SOX resistance (J Virol) Dual uORFs regulate herpesviral translation (PLoS Path) Common viral strategy for RNA degradation (J Virol) KSHV SOX and Xrn1 together degrade host mRNAs (PLoS Path) Dengue treatment with Fc null antibodies (PLoS Path) Early clinical features of dengue in Nicaraguan children (PLoS Negl Trop Dis) Intrahuman dengue virus diversity (J Virol) Dynamics of dengue disease severity (Sci Transl Med) Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler The complete TWiV team reviews the controversial publication of the HeLa cell genome, a missing vial of Guanarito virus in a BSL-4 facility, and human infections with avian influenza H7N9 virus. Links for this episode: Containment plan for poliovirus (pdf, WHO) Post-eradication of polio Ocular tropism of respiratory viruses (MMBR) Rally for medical research HeLa genome sequence withdrawn (ScienceInsider) Immortal life sequel (Rebecca Skloot) HeLa genome sequence published, withdrawn (virology blog) Vial of Guanarito virus missing (ABC news) Human H7N9 infections (ProMedMail) WHO H7N9 updates China escalates H7N9 response (NY Times) Brian Kimble on H7N9 Compatibility of H9N2 and H1N1 genes (PNAS) Letters read on TWiV 227 Weekly Science Picks Kathy - NIAID YouTube videosAlan - Lego insectsRich - How to see the world in a grain of sandVincent - Vaccines, viruses, and the anti-vax movementDickson - Edinburgh Science Festival Listener Pick of the Week Stephen - Nature iOS appMehul - Voices for vaccines Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, and Terry Dermody Vincent and Dickson speak with Terry Dermody about his career in medicine and virology. Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Rich, and Kathy read listener comments and questions on viral oncotherapy, science communication, a functional HIV cure in an infant, and much more. Links for this episode: Plant viruses alter insect behavior (Sci Rep) Circovirus in Shanghai Letters read on TWiV 225 Weekly Science Picks Kathy - Case stories about CoV-EMC (one, two)Rich - The Self-Illusion by Bruce HoodVincent - Moving Targets Listener Pick of the Week Liam - eLIFE and RubriqSteve - Plant virus ecology (mp3)Neil - World Immunization Week Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Alan, Kathy, and Dickson discuss identification of a cell receptor for the coronavirus-EMC, and the role of interferon-epsilon in protecting the female reproductive tract. Links for this episode: Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is CoV-EMC receptor (Nature) Receptor for new coronavirus (Nature) Broad reception for coronavirus (Nature) SARS 10th anniversary (Science) Interferon-epsilon protects female reproductive tract (Science) Families fighting flu (YouTube) Monitoring infections with online data (TWiM 41) Natalie Portman was a scientist (NY Times) Letters read on TWiV 223 Weekly Science Picks Kathy - 2013 Intel Science Talent Search awardsAlan - Krebs Cycle Rap (CDC)Vincent - Jetpens (favorite one and two)D ickson - Rabies death in organ recipients (CDC) Listener Pick of the Week Justin - The DNA StoreJim - Massive Open Online ClassroomsChris - Feedly Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Alan, and Kathy discuss new influenza virus NA inhibitors, detection of EEEV antibody and RNA in snakes, and replication of the coronavirus EMC in human airway epithelial cells. Links for this episode: International Women's Day 2013 Condit Dam, 6 weeks later (Vimeo) Influenza HA assay Covalent influenza NA inhibitors (ScienceExpress) Defective influenza HA mutants (Virology) New flu drug (BBC, e! Science) EEEV antibody, RNA in snakes (Am J Trop Med Hyg) EEEV (CDC) Zoonotic potential of CoV-EMC (mBio) CoV-EMC update (ProMedMail, CDC) CoV-EMC travel update (CDC) Letters read on TWiV 223 Weekly Science Picks Kathy - Finkbeiner test and Women in ScienceAlan - New flu vaccine efficacy study (CDC)Vincent - Threading the NEIDL video Listener Pick of the Week Steve - Prof. Joan Steitz on viral RNAEd - Archiving history of molecular biology: Press release, video, CSHL archives and videos Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler The complete TWiV team discusses the amazing finding that cyclic GMP-AMP synthase is a cytosolic innate immune DNA sensor. Links for this episode: Zhijian J. Chen (Wikipedia) Sensing the dark side of DNA (Science) cGAMP is an endogenous second messenger (Science) cGAMP synthase is a DNA sensor (Science) Pore-forming toxin (Wikipedia) Letters read on TWiV 222 Weekly Science Picks Kathy - Graphene batteriesAlan - How do we get cures? (YouTube)Rich - Explosive breach of Condit Dam (Vimeo)Vincent - 10 things you can do to support open access (Tree of Life) Listener Pick of the Week Mark - The real story of StuxnetJohn - D-connector virus Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Dickson, and Kathy review two emerging bunyaviruses, SFTSV and SBV. Links for this episode: Human transmission of SFTSV (JID) SFTSV serosurvey (EID) SFTSV on TWiV 147 SFTSV in Japan (ProMedMail) SFTSV mouse model (PNAS) SBV infectious DNA and mouse model (PLoS Path) SBV in Sweden (ProMedMail) Letters read on TWiV 221 Weekly Science Picks Kathy - Winners, 2012 Science & Engineering Visualization ChallengeVincent - The Operator and Dr. Oz's Problem Listener Pick of the Week Shane - OpenPCRJohn - Python Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Rich, Alan, and Kathy discuss regulation of influenza virus replication by splicing, and the bacteriophage T7 random walk. Links for this episode: Influenza splicing regulates infection (Cell Reports) Reporting on flu splicing from NPR, BBC, NBC Splicing of influenza RNA 8 (jpg) Bacteriophage T7 remodeling during infection (Science) Cryo-ET of intact cells (Trends Cell Biol) T7: The Movie (YouTube) Cry0-EM vs Cryo-ET (Wikipedia) Virus caught in the act (e! Science News) Letters read on TWiV 220 Weekly Science Picks Kathy - Journal of Virology Image GalleryRich - Phage T7 Genetics and Physiology and slab gelsAlan - PeerJ (press release)Vincent - Virologia en Español Listener Pick of the Week Dave - Thingiverse pathogens and proteins Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, and Anthony S. Fauci Vincent and Rich meet up with Anthony S. Fauci, MD, Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Links for this episode: Fauci history (J Clin Inves) Fauci Pharmacy Anthony Fauci (Wikipedia) Anthony Fauci: Unfinished business (Lens) Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Welkin Johnson Vincent, Alan, and Welkin discuss how endogenous retroviruses in mice are held in check by the immune response. Links for this episode: Kuan-Teh Jeang, 54 Resurrection of ERVs (Nature) Toll-like receptors control ERVs (Immunity) Retroviral danger from within (Immunity) Ancient viruses wreak havoc (The Scientist) Letters read on TWiV 218 Weekly Science Picks Welkin - Viruses: Essential Agents of Life (review at STC)Alan - Infinity ImaginedVincent - Spaceship built for son Listener Pick of the Week Amanda - Written? Kitten!Kevin - Protein synthesis: An epic (YouTube)Daria - The Baltimore Scheme Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Dickson Despommier Vincent, Alan, Rich, and Dickson review influenza vaccines. Links for this episode: FDA licensed flu vaccines Seasonal influenza vaccine distributed How flu vaccine strains are selected (one, two) WHO report on flu vaccine strain selection (pdf) Derek Smith on antigenic mapping Salk's 1945 influenza vaccine TIV preparation: Fluzone, Agriflu, Fluvirin, Fluarix, Flulaval, Afluria (pdfs) LAIV preparation (pdf) Efficacy of flu vaccine 2012-13 (MMWR, virology blog) Meta-analysis of flu vaccine efficacy (Lancet) Two new flu vaccines FDA approved Flublok Flublok clinical trial Pandemrix and narcolepsy (Yahoo, PLoS One, PLoS One) CIDRAP analysis of flu vaccines Letters read on TWiV 217 Weekly Science Picks Rich - Repoopulate (original article), Robogut (new clinical trial)Alan - WTF, Evolution?Dickson - The Beauty and Benefits of ScienceVincent - Supercomputing modeling of poliovirus Listener Pick of the Week Bjorn, Marshall, Meaghan - Glass sculptures of Luke Jerram Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Alan, Rich, and Kathy resume the virology 101 series with a discussion of RNA capping, splicing, and export. Links for this episode: Slides for this episode (pdf) Spliced Ad 2 late mRNAs (Cell) An amazing sequence arrangement (Cell) Adenovirus late mRNA undecanucleotide (Cell) Aaron Shatkin, 72 (virology blog) Schrödinger's cat (Wikipedia) Letters read on TWiV 216 Weekly Science Picks Rich - Linus Pauling's explanation of science (YouTube)Alan - Underwater experimentsKathy - I'm a virus (YouTube)Vincent - Stem cells (Bizarro Comics) Listener Pick of the Week Tom - The President's AnalystDanielle - Overly honest methods (HuffPost and ASBMB Today) Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Alan, and Kathy review the finding that rabies virus infection alters but does not kill neurons, and provide an update on the novel coronavirus in the Middle East. Links for this episode: Neuronal survival after rabies virus infection (PLoS Path) Clusters of coronavirus cases (Nature) ProMedMail on novel coronavirus Novel coronavirus outbreak news (Int J Inf Dis) Genomic characterization of novel coronavirus (mBio) Broad cell tropism of novel coronavirus (mBio) Are viruses alive? (poll at virology blog) Antibodies taken up by endocytosis (PNAS) Antibody eliminates alphaviruses from neurons (Science) Image: Virus in the garden by Helen Hache Letters read on TWiV 215 Weekly Science Picks Alan - I'm a Scientist - The FilmKathy - Humorous units of measurement (Wikipedia)Vincent - Open access must enable open use (Nature) Listener Pick of the Week Tarwin - Plague Inc. Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Alan, and Kathy discuss how coagulation factor X binding to adenovirus activates the innate immune system, and a novel polyomavirus associated with brain tumors in raccoons. Links for this episode: Coagulation factor X activates innate immunity to adenovirus (Science) A decorated virus cannot hide (Science) Reflecting on goals for Science Polyomavirus associated with raccoon brain tumors (EID) MPNST Moore tumor viruses - TWiV 160 Treating CLL with lentivirus vectors (NEJM) Letters read on TWiV 214 Weekly Science Picks Alan - Parasite of the DayKathy - Tour of International Space StationVincent - Earth as Art Listener Pick of the Week Robin - Angell on Big PharmaMichael - Flu jokesJim - Database of Ted talks; Downloadable Ted Talks Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler In their final episode of the year, the TWiV team reviews twelve cool virology stories from 2012. Twelve virology stories from 2012: H5N1 (TWiV 190, 182, 177, 173, 168) Polymorphisms that control susceptibility (TWiV 175, 180) New virus receptors (TWiV 166, 210) XMRV: Last nail in the coffin (TWiV special) Polio eradication troubles in Pakistan (NY Times one, two, three; virology blog) Biomedical research crisis (TWiV 208, 184, 189, 194) Polydnaviruses in parasitoid wasps (TWiV 179) Carolyn Coyne’s placental barrier story (TWiV 193) Touring NEIDL (TWiV 200) Epidemiology (TWiV 169, 178) A good year for virus hunting (173, 183, 195, 196, 198, 199, 204) Pox accordion (TWiV 198) Links for this episode: US plans for H5N1 research (ScienceInsider) FDA recommends against Ampligen Rituximab and CFS (PLoS One) No evidence for XMRV in prostate cancer (PLoS One) Retraction of XMRV prostate cancer paper (Retraction Watch) Gender bias among science faculty (PNAS) NEIDL risk assessment Virology 101 at TWiV Letters read on TWiV 213 Weekly Science Picks Rich - Our Mr. Sun (IMDB entry) (wiki)Alan - PubReader from NCBI announcement and instructionsKathy - Popular Mechanics 110 picks for the next 110 yearsVincent - 366 days: Nature's 10 Listener Pick of the Week Matt - The flu vaccine controversy Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Stuart Firestein Vincent and Stuart discuss why ignorance - all of what we don't know, and even what we don't know we don't know - is the driving force of science. Links for this episode: Ignorance: How it drives Science by Stuart Firestein Ignorance website Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler The TWiVerers answer listener email about genetically modified chickens, a hendra vaccine for horses, online education, curing color blindness, Roosevelt and polio, Th cells, and much more. Links for this episode: TWiV 116: Cocaine, colonies, and chickens Glofish Recombinant Hendra vaccine Gene therapy for color blindness (Nature) FDR, polio, and Guillain-Barré Transcript of TWiV 197: Philip Marcus (pdf) TWiV 10: Bats, elephants, and AIDS TWiM 6: Phage therapy TWiP 47: For whom the trich tolls Viruses of protozoan parasites (virology blog) Long in the tooth Transcript of 'How to read a science paper' (pdf) FEMA disaster preparedness courses Letters read on TWiV 212 Weekly Science Picks Rich - OverviewAlan - Notes towards the complete works of ShakespeareKathy - Correlation vs. Causation (#1, #2, #3)Vincent - Periodically inspired Listener Pick of the Week Mark - Life of a Nature paperRicardo - Things don't go viral Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler The TWiV four discuss an mRNA-based influenza vaccine, and a phage tubulin that forms a filamentous array in the host cell that is needed for positioning viral DNA. Links for this episode: mRNA vaccine against influenza (Nat Biotech) Phage tubulin assembles dynamic filaments (Cell) Viral skeleton (The Scientist) Not unorganized bags of enzymes (TWiM 28) Bacterial cytoskeleton (FEMS Micro Rev) Triangulation number (jpg) Letters read on TWiV 211 Weekly Science Picks Rich - Ocean Global Shark TrackerAlan - The Field Book ProjectKathy - How to manipulate an army of zombiesVincent - Science sculpture Listener Pick of the Week Stephen - WEHI.TV Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler The complete TWiV team reviews identification of the cell receptor for hepatitis B and D viruses, and the cell enzyme that cleaves the genome-linked protein from picornaviral RNA. Links for this episode: HBV and HDV cell receptor (eLIFE) Getting to grips with hepatitis (eLIFE) Sodium taurocholate Poliovirus hijacks DNA repair enzyme (PNAS) Letters read on TWiV 210 Weekly Science Picks Rich - Vendée GlobeDickson - Earth at nightAlan - Trophée Jules VerneKathy - Science cookiesVincent - Trilobite Glassworks Listener Pick of the Week Ken - Spanish flu pandemic model (teacher's guide)Jim - Santa Cruz Science Communication Program (also see SHERP) Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Dickson, Alan, and Kathy answer listener email about deformed wing virus, West Nile virus, FluMist, influenza in Canada, viruses and the tree of life, and more. Links for this episode: Postcard from the ultimate student athlete (pdf) Fidelity of protein synthesis (Biochemistry, 5th ed.) Letters read on TWiV 209 Weekly Science Picks Dickson - Cassini web site and Mars reconnaissance orbiterAlan - OneZoom Tree of LifeKathy - Viral tumor suppressor structure (Cell)Vincent - Spot the Station Listener Pick of the Week Ricardo - Once upon a time: The possible story of virusesJim - Encode, myIDP, Experiment Reproduction podcastsMark - MoMath Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Jon Yewdell Vincent and is joined by special guest Jon Yewdell to discuss solutions for ending the current crisis in American biomedical research. Links for this episode: How to succeed in science: Taking the plunge (Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol) How to succeed in science: Making discoveries (Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol) How to succeed in science (YouTube) Resources for graduate students and postdocs Science career cartoons by Alexander Dent Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Matt Frieman, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Alan, Matt, and Kathy review the use of silk to stabilize antibiotics and a viral vaccine, and an impaired-fidelity vaccine against SARS coronavirus. Links for this episode: Silk stabilization of antibiotics and vaccines (PNAS) Impaired-fidelity coronavirus vaccine (Nature Medicine) Select agent status and SARS therapies (Spoonful of Medicine) Letters read on TWiV 207 Weekly Science Picks Matt - Virus-associated pyramids (slide #11)Alan - Similarities of wave behavior (YouTube)Kathy - The glass transitionVincent - US cattle country in uproar at virus lab plans (BBC) Listener Pick of the Week Ricardo - Blackawton bees and Science is for everyone (TED)Tony - Biophilia by Bjork Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Dickson Despommier, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Alan, Dickson, and Kathy discuss how the innate immune response to viral infection influences the production of pluripotent stem cells, and the diverse mobilome of giant viruses. Links for this episode: Innate immunity and nuclear reprogramming (Cell) Viruses affect cell reprogramming (The Scientist) Cell-penetrating peptides (Trends Mol Med) Provirophages and transpovirons (PNAS) Organic Lake photo and map Letters read on TWiV 206 Weekly Science Picks Alan - Locust by Jeffery A. LockwoodDickson - Nikon Small World Contest 2012Kathy - Influenza EncyclopediaVincent - Dengue fever sweeps India (NY Times) Listener Pick of the Week Allison - Fred Guterl on The Daily Show Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected].

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Harmit Malik Vincent is joined by special guest Harmit Malik to discuss his work on the evolution of genetic conflict. Links for this episode: Harmit on YouTube Retroviruses and mammalian placentation (PNAS) Paleovirology (Curr Opin Virol) Evolution among AIM2-like receptors (J Exp Med) Poxvirus genomic accordions (Cell) Letters read on TWiV 205 Weekly Science Picks Vincent - Candidates' answers to science questions Listener Pick of the Week Steve - Mural of Henrietta Lacks story (Microsoft Silverlight required) Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Matt Frieman, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Alan, Matt and Kathy review isolation of a new coronavirus from two patients in the Middle East, and expansion of the enteric virome during simian AIDS. Subscribe to TWiV (free) in iTunes, at the Zune Marketplace, by the RSS feed, by email, or listen on your mobile device with the Microbeworld app. Links for this episode: Novel coronavirus (virology blog one, two) PCR assay for novel CoV (Eurosurveillance) Isolation of novel coronavirus (NEJM) SARS CoV now a select agent (Federal Register, pdf) My Sharona Pathogenic SIV infection associated with expansion of gut virome (Cell) Letters read on TWiV 204 Weekly Science Picks Alan - Map of the WindMatt - Dark Side of the Earth; Insensitive guide to thriving in your Ph.D.; Gary Vanerchuck (YouTube)Kathy - How much does a shadow weigh? and Slinky drop answerVincent - A Parasite's Parasites; All the cool kids are on arXiv Listener Pick of the Week Nissin - Jungle Jim (1948) Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, and Mark Challberg Vincent and Rich meet up with Mark Challberg to talk about his scientific career studying viral DNA replication, and his transition to an NIH Program Officer. Subscribe to TWiV (free) in iTunes, at the Zune Marketplace, by the RSS feed, by email, or listen on your mobile device with the Microbeworld app. Links for this episode: Purification of vaccinia virus DNA polymerase (J Biol Chem) Adenovirus DNA replication in vitro (PNAS) Herpes simplex viral genes required for DNA synthesis (J Virol) Letters read on TWiV 203 Weekly Science Picks Rich - Mattel Hot Wheels Curiosity RoverVincent - Should H5N1 Moratorium End? Listener Pick of the Week Claudio - DIY lab equipment (Ars Technica) and DIY Bio Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, T. Jack Morris, James Van Etten, and Charles Wood Vincent travels to the University of Nebraska to meet with members of the Nebraska Center for Virology and discuss their work on algal viruses, plant viruses, HIV and Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus. Links for this episode: The Nebraska Center for Viology Behind the scenes at TWiV 202 TWiV on Facebook Weekly Science Picks Charles - Rhabdovirus associated with hemorrhagic fever (PLoS Path)Vincent - Bacteriophage graffiti (jpg) Listener Pick of the Week Bob - Remembering Penny PinneoJanet - Penn and Teller on vaccinations (YouTube) Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Alan, Rich, and Kathy answer reader email about rabies, xenotransplantation, poliovirus, Ph.D. programs, mosquitoes, and much more. Links for this episode: Mattias Schnell Novel rhabdovirus from Africa (Plos Path) Milwaukee protocol (Wikipedia) How lethal is rabies virus? (virology blog) Issues with polio eradication (J Gen Virol) Vaccine-derived polioviruses (J Inf Dis) Global pandemics with Hidde Ploegh (Vimeo) Polio vs Bin Laden (Alan Dove) Letters read on TWiV 201 Weekly Science Picks Alan - Wallace OnlineRich - World Rabies DayKathy - Yo-yos in spaceDickson - The Art in ScienceVincent - The Podcasters Studio Listener Pick of the Week Wink - DuckDuckGoJosh - Introduction to Solid State Chemistry Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected]. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.