This Week in Virology

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Elke Mühlberger, Paul Duprex, and Ron Corley Vincent, Alan, and Rich celebrate the 200th episode of TWiV by visiting the National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories at Boston University Medical Center, where they meet with Elke, Paul, and Ron to talk about building and working in a BSL4 facility. Links for this episode: The NEIDL NEIDL goes public (BU Today) Biosafety levels (Wikipedia) Select agents (Wikipedia) NEIDL stalled (Boston Business J) TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 200 Weekly Science Picks Alan - Dance your Ph.D.Rich - Angel of Death by Gareth WilliamsVincent - Why herpesvirus is good for you (Virgin lab) Listener Pick of the Week Luis - VBORNET maps Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected], or call them in to 908-312-0760. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and W. Ian Lipkin Vincent and Ian review a multicenter blinded analysis which finds no association between chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis and XMRV or polytropic murine leukemia virus. Subscribe to TWiV (free) in iTunes, at the Zune Marketplace, by the RSS feed, by email, or listen on your mobile device with the Microbeworld app. Links for this episode: Multicenter blinded analysis of CFS and XMRV/pMLV (mBio) Press release on multicenter study (pdf) Press conference webcast TWiV on Facebook Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected], or call them in to 908-312-0760. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Alan, Rich, and Kathy discuss recent outbreaks of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Yosemite National Park and novel swine-origin influenza in the US midwest, and isolation of the Heartland virus from two patients in Missouri with severe febrile illness. Subscribe to TWiV (free) in iTunes, at the Zune Marketplace, by the RSS feed, by email, or listen on your mobile device with the Microbeworld app. Links for this episode: Hantavirus outbreak in Yosemite (ProMedMail) Hantavirus in Yosemite (CDC) CDC page on hantavirus Summary of hantavirus outbreak (Avian Flu Diary) Swine-origin influenza outbreak in midwest (MMWR) Lyn Finelli interview on swine-origin H3N2 (Microbeworld) Transmission of vH3N2 in ferrets (PNAS) New phlebovirus from Missouri (NEJM) TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 199 Weekly Science Picks Alan - Insane in the Chromatophores (Vimeo)Rich - Golden Goose AwardsKathy - Euler's Disk (YouTube)Vincent - Ignorance: How it Drives Science by Stuart Firestein Listener Pick of the Week Adam - Leigh Van Valen Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected], or call them in to 908-312-0760. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Alan, Rich, and Kathy review fatal avian influenza virus in harbor seals, and poxvirus deployment of genomic accordions to counter antiviral defenses. Links for this episode: Avian influenza virus in harbor seals (mBio) Poxvirus genomic accordions (mBio) Red Queen hypothesis (Wikipedia) TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 198 Weekly Science Picks Alan - Getting Better: 200 Years of MedicineRich - Khan AcademyKathy - Vi HartVincent - Tweet Keeper Listener Pick of the Week Diane - The Way We Fall by Megan CreweStephen - Amateur Micrography Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected], or call them in to 908-312-0760. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Philip I. Marcus Vincent travels to the University of Connecticut to meet up with Professor Philip I. Marcus to discuss his development of the single cell cloning technique in the early 1950s. Links for this episode: Cloning with X-irradiated feeder cells (PNAS) Philip I. Marcus in the lab (jpg) Cloning with capillary tubes (jpg) Cloning platform (jpg) VRR holding 1950s glass plate of clones (jpg) HeLa clones (jpg) Cloning cylinder (jpg) TWiV on Facebook Coming soon: video of this episode Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected], or call them in to 908-312-0760. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Dickson Despommier, Kathy Spindler, Mark Stenglein, and Joseph DeRisi The TWiVites meet with Mark Stenglein and Joseph DeRisi to discuss their discovery of a novel arenavirus in snakes with inclusion body disease. Links for this episode: Highly divergent arenaviruses in snakes (mBio) Taryn's sick snake (NPR) Assemblathon Faculty position in virology, Columbia U. Petridish.org TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 196 Weekly Science Picks Mark - The Slow Mo Guys (Fly eats fly)Dickson - I'm being eaten by a boa constrictor by Shel SilversteinAlan - MMWR: First 30 years onlineRich - Giant python in Everglades and California Academy of SciencesKathy - Darwin finch genome sequenceVincent - Microbiology at Mt. Sinai Listener Pick of the Week Renato - Security Now podcastRobin - The WeatherChad - Rare protozoan from sludge (ScienceDaily) Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected], or call them in to 908-312-0760. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Dickson Despommier, and Ken Stedman The complete TWiV team meets with Ken Stedman to discuss the discovery in Boiling Spring Lake of a DNA virus with the capsid of an RNA virus. Subscribe to TWiV (free) in iTunes , at the Zune Marketplace, by the RSS feed, by email, or listen on your mobile device with the Microbeworld app. Links for this episode: Novel virus from an extreme environment (Biol Direct, virology blog) Lassen Volcanic National Park Tombusviridae, Circoviridae (ViralZone) TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 195 Weekly Science Picks Ken - The Edge of Life trailer and Facebook pageDickson - The Cognitive Style of Powerpoint by Edward TufteAlan - SEMs of insects and spiders via Steve GschmeissnerRich - Curiosity Has Landed (Wiki mission summary)Vincent - Curiosity's Seven Minutes of Terror (YouTube) Listener Pick of the Week Lance - The Vaccine Confidence Project and Immune response video (YouTube)Anat - Beautiful Science Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected], or call them in to 908-312-0760. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Matthew Daugherty, Jondavid deJong, Helen Lazear, Stefan Oliver, and Cara Pager. Vincent returns to Madison, Wisconsin and meets with postdocs to discuss their science and their careers. Subscribe to TWiV (free) in iTunes , at the Zune Marketplace, by the RSS feed, by email, or listen on your mobile device with the Microbeworld app. Links for this episode: TWiV 189: Five postdocs in Glasgow ASM at the USA Science and Engineering Festival ASV 2012 at Madison, WI Photographs of ASV 2012 TWiV on Facebook Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected], or call them in to 908-312-0760. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Carolyn Coyne, and Sara Sawyer Vincent, Rich, Carolyn, and Sara recorded TWiV at the 31st Annual Meeting of the American Society for Virology in Madison, where they discussed genetic conflict between viral and human genes, and how the placenta protects the fetus against viral infection. Subscribe to TWiV (free) in iTunes , at the Zune Marketplace, by the RSS feed, by email, or listen on your mobile device with the Microbeworld app. Links for this episode: ASV 2012 at Madison, WI Photographs of ASV 2012 Rock band Herpetic Legion plays at ASV 2012 TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 193 Weekly Science Picks Rich - Benjamin Franklin: An American Life by Walter IsaacsonVincent - Biochemistry Revealed Listener Pick of the Week Matlock - The BioDigital HumanMatt - Scientists create jellyfish from rat cells Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected], or call them in to 908-312-0760. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit Vincent, Alan, and Rich answer listener email about bioinformatics, insects, influenza, laboratory classes, commensalism, reproducibility of data, and more. Subscribe to TWiV (free) in iTunes , at the Zune Marketplace, by the RSS feed, by email, or listen on your mobile device with the Microbeworld app. Links for this episode: Vaccinia virus sequence from patient with vaccine complication (pdf) The evolution of intellectual freedom (thanks, Robin!) Free access to British scientific research (Guardian) xTAG respiratory viral panel Houston rabies case (Statesman) Tertulia (Wikipedia) TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 192 Weekly Science Picks Alan - The Microbial Olympics (supplementary information)Rich - PharmaJet needle free injection systemVincent - Microbes and Evolution by Roberto Kolter and Stanley Maloy (paperback and Kindle) Listener Pick of the Week Varun - Agile Gene by Matt RidleySizun - Plague IncRicardo - TED-EDKristopher - Ed Yong on Econtalk Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected], or call them in to 908-312-0760. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Nissin Moussatche Nissin joins the TWiV crew to discuss an outbreak of lethal disease among Cambodian children, and recombination among attenuated herpesvirus vaccines leading to pathogenic viruses. Subscribe to TWiV (free) in iTunes , at the Zune Marketplace, by the RSS feed, by email, or listen on your mobile device with the Microbeworld app. Links for this episode: Outbreak in Cambodia (CNN) Pathogen mix in Cambodian illness (ProMedMail) Undiagnosed illness in Cambodia (WHO) Enterovirus 71 (virology blog) Recombination among attenuated vaccines (Science) An outbreak of irony (Ed Yong) Infectious laryngotracheitis Gallid herpesvirus 1 (Wikipedia) Iltovirus (ViralZone) TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 191 Weekly Science Picks Alan - H5N1 genetic changes inventoryRich - Mythbusters: Diet Coke and Mentos (YouTube channel)Nissin - The Pox and the Covenant by Tony Williams, and Tired of War by Tereza BatistaVincent - FAQ: The 'snake bite' portion of your thesis defense Listener Pick of the Week Gopal - All's not fair in science and publishingLuis - The Origin of AIDS by Jacques Pepin (Nature review)Sven - Visualizing information flow in science Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected], or call them in to 908-312-0760. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Alan, and Kathy review selection of influenza H5N1 viruses that can transmit among ferrets by aerosol. Links for this episode: Airborne transmission of H5N1 among ferrets (Science) Potential for H5N1 evolution (Science) H5N1 (Science) The ferrets of fear Jim's podcast list (pdf) TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 190 Weekly Science Picks Kathy - Wind mapVincent - The A-Z of Epidemiology (YouTube) Listener Pick of the Week Kristoffer - How to read a paperNeva - Electricity from viruses Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected], or call them in to 908-312-0760. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Vincent returns to the Centre for Virus Research at the University of Glasgow and meets with postdocs to discuss their science and their careers. Links for this episode: MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research Stop CMV Photos of my Glasgow visit (Facebook and VirusTalk) TWiV on Facebook

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Massimo Palmarini, John MacLauchlan, Emma Thomson, and Hande Harmanci. Vincent travels to Scotland to meet with members of the Centre for Virus Research at the University of Glasgow to discuss their work on hepatitis C virus and jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus. Links for this episode: MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research Aaron Shatkin, 77 (virology blog) Photos of my Glasgow visit (Facebook and VirusTalk) TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 188 Weekly Science Picks Vincent - Microbe art Listener Pick of the Week Judi - Cell Imaging (Mac App Store)

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Rich Condit Vincent and Rich discuss recovery of a hepatitis B viral genome from a 16th century Korean mummy, and personal omics profiling of an individual over a 14 month period. Links for this episode: Tracing HBV to the 16th century (Hepatology) HBV on TWiV Precautions with ancient DNA (Science) Personal omics profile over 14 months (Cell) A geneticist's research turns personal (NY Times) Mike Snyder on Futures in Biotech The DASH diet TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 187 Weekly Science Picks Rich - The Checklist by Atul GawandeVincent - Artologica Listener Pick of the Week David - Cracking your genetic code (Nova)Josh - The nuclearization of biology is a threat to health and security (pdf) Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected], or call them in to 908-312-0760. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit The TWiV chiefs tackle reader email about how to pronounce Buda, Texas, grinding tree stumps, and much more. Links for this episode: Detecting antibodies or antigens by ELISA Peter Wildy Prize Biosafety levels Baltimore classification at Viral Zone TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 186 Weekly Science Picks Alan - World Wide Lightning Location NetworkRich - Steve Jobs by Walter IsaacsonVincent - The Ocelloid Listener Pick of the Week lafrenchfille - whatshouldwecallgradschoolNeva - Antiviral drugs by Carl ZimmerSergio - APSnet Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected], or call them in to 908-312-0760. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Vincent visits with members of the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at Northwestern University School of Medicine to discuss their work on herpesviruses and parainfluenzaviruses. Links for this episode: Longnecker laboratory Herpesvirus deubiquitinase is neuroinvasive determinant (PLoS Path) Paramyxovirus HN structure (PNAS) TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 185 Weekly Science Picks Sarah - Breasts: A Natural and Unnatural History by Florence WilliamsAndrew - The Strangest Man by Graham FarmeloVincent - Gates Grand Challenges in Global Health awards Listener Pick of the Week Ed - Pursuit of Light (YouTube); MRC Biomedical Picture of the Day; It's okay to be smart Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected], or call them in to 908-312-0760. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Vincent, Rich, and Alan consider how to reform the scientific enterprise to make it more effective and robust. Links for this episode: Reforming science: Methodological and cultural reforms (Infect Immun) Reforming science: Structural reforms (Infect Immun) Sharp rise in retractions (NY Times) Vannevar Bush TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 184 Weekly Science Picks Alan - PubMed PubReMinerRich - Intentional Blindness (YouTube)Vincent - Vaccine infographic Listener Pick of the Week Ken - Wattpad Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected], or call them in to 908-312-0760. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss at microbeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Connor joins the TWiV team to discuss bats as hosts for major mammalian paramyxoviruses. Links for this episode: NIH response to Osterholm letter (pdf) Who's afraid of the big, bad bioterrorist? Bats host major mammalian paramyxoviruses (Nature Comm) TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 183 Weekly Science Picks Connor - Microbiology Twitter journal clubAlan - Where the Wild Types Are (YouTube)Rich - May 14th: Smallpox vaccination dayDickson - Searching for pore-fection (Science)Vincent - RRResearch Listener Pick of the Week Stephen - Every Major's Terrible (xkcd)

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Alan Dove, and Michael J. Imperiale Michael joins the TWiV crew to discuss the recently published influenza H5N1 transmission paper and how it was viewed by the NSABB. Links for this episode: About the NSABB The Kawaoka paper (Nature) Mutant flu paper published (Ed Yong) Osterholm letter (pdf) US policy for dual research of concern (pdf) TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 182 Weekly Science Picks Alan - 18th century shipping mappedRich - Brave New World by Aldous HuxleyVincent - Air France 447 (Telegraph) Listener Pick of the Week Josh - Vaccines course by Dr. Paul Offit

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Vincent, Rich, and Kathy discuss Cotia virus, a new poxvirus, Orf virus infections associated with handling goats and lamb, and the innate immune response to prions. Links for this episode: Cotia virus (J Virol) Human Orf virus exposures (MMWR) IRF3 protects agains prion infection (J Virol) A mad cow in America (virology blog) Human orf (pdf) Space shuttle flies outside my window (YouTube) TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 181 Weekly Science Picks Kathy - Astronomy Picture of the Day (especially this and this)Rich - Tom Lehrer Element Song (YouTube)Vincent - Albert B. Sabin Archives Listener Pick of the Week Mark - Netter's Infectious Diseases by Elaine C. Jong and Dennis L. StevensRichard - Germs, Genes & Civilization by David P. Clark

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit Vincent, Alan, and Rich review association of an interferon-induced protein with severe influenza, and stabilization of HCV RNA by a microRNA. Links for this episode: IFITM3 and severe influenza (Nature) Genetics of flu susceptibiligy (EurekAlert!) Stabilization of HCV RNA by Ago2-miR-122 (PNAS) Clinical trial of anti-mIR-122 TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 180 Weekly Science Picks Alan - Micro Empire (Vimeo)Rich - Census of marine lifeVincent - Pinterest Listener Pick of the Week Mark - The Secret Life of Plankton (YouTube)

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Gertrud Radu Gertrud joins the TWiVoners to review how dengue virus infection of mosquitoes alters blood feeding behavior, and gene therapy as practiced by parasitoid wasps. Links for this episode: Renato Dulbecco, 1914-2012 (virology blog) William Jarrett, 83 (thanks, Lynn Enquist) Dengue virus infection of mosquitoes alters their behavior (PLoS Path) Does dengue make mosquitoes thirstier for blood? (NY Times) Polydnaviruses of braconid wasps (Science) Making nice with viruses (Science) Viral and wasp genes involved in symbiotic replication (J Virol) Amazing parasitic wasp images The Far Side cartoon on mosquitoes (gif) TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 179 Weekly Science Picks Gertrud - Bat on a plane! (MMWR)Alan - The Rings of Earth (YouTube)Rich - Giant Magellan telescopeVincent - Hepatitis C new drug pipeline Listener Pick of the Week Ricardo - Evolution: The Natural History of Animal SkeletonsPeter - Self-assembly line (YouTube)

The TWiValians meet up with Tyler Sharp for a discussion on the Epidemic Intelligence Service and controlling dengue. Links for this episode: 2010 dengue epidemic in Puerto Rico Marshall Islands dengue outbreak (one and two) Photo of Tyler by Loren Rodgers TWiV shout-out by NPR and CIDRAP NSABB reverses decision on H5N1 publication TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 178 Weekly Science Picks Tyler - Co-infection with dengue and Leptospira (Emerging Inf Dis)Alan - The Winged Scourge (YouTube)Rich - Deepsea ChallengeVincent - Why did a US advisory board reverse its stance? (Ed Yong) Listener Pick of the Week Sasha - Microfluidic FutureAdam - The ConversationJim - ENIAC Programmers Project

A discussion of avian influenza H5N1 transmission experiments in ferrets and novel bunyaviruses at the 2012 Spring Conference of the Society for General Microbiology in Dublin, Ireland. Links for this episode: Restricted data on H5N1 transmission (Science) Novel bunyavirus in China (NEJM and TWiV 127) Ten things about Schmallenberg virus (Microbiology Bytes) NSABB reverses decision on H5N1 papers (virology blog) TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 177 Weekly Science Picks Connor - Wellcome Trust Science Writing Prize 2012Vincent - Thoughts on academic scientists giving media interviews

Vincent, Alan, and Rich answer listener email about MS, CFS, EBV, B cells, virii, influenza B, scientific papers, and more. Links for this episode: More than one way to skin a virus (comments) Aerobie aeropress Papers software Vaccinia movies (one and two) Lloyd Kozloff dies BSL4 facilities TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 176 Weekly Science Picks Rich - Alan Alda's Flame Challenge (NY Times article, Science editorial)Alan - ChronoZoomVincent - Academic Publishing is Broken by Michael P. Taylor Listener Pick of the Week Joel - Fighting a dengue outbreak by Tyler M. Sharp (parts one and two)Sven-Urban - Fooled by Randomness and The Black Swan by Nassim Nicholas Taleb

Vincent, Alan, and Matt discuss herpes simplex encephalitis in children with innate immune deficiency, and the local response to microneedle-based influenza skin immunization. Links for this episode: Herpes encephalitis in children with TRIF deficiency (J Clin Inv) Toll-like receptor and cytosolic pattern recognition receptors Skin responses to influenza microneedle vaccine (mBio) Microneedles Fluzone intradermal influenza vaccine QDot nanocrystal technology TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 175 Weekly Science Picks Matt - Phage and the Origins of Molecular BiologyAlan - Digital Imagine InstituteVincent - iPad apps Goodreader and Notability Listener Pick of the Week Jane -Smoking Ears and Screaming Teeth by Trevor Norton

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit Vincent, Alan, and Rich consider whether pet dogs might transmit human noroviruses, and an RNA virus microRNA that might be involved in oncogenesis. Links for this episode: Do pet dogs transmit human norovirus? (J Clin Virol) RNA virus miRNA that mimics oncomiR (PNAS) MicroRNA expression by an RNA virus (PNAS) Lab safety stickers jpg (thanks, Jon!) Amateur virologists (Zimmer, NY Times) Genome at home (Wired) Barbergators sing national anthem (YouTube) TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 174 Weekly Science Picks Rich - NOAA Buoy DataAlan - Autism's False Prophets by Paul OffitVincent - Media Mining Listener Pick of the Week Mark - How the West fueled the AIDS epidemicHenry - RegenesisRick - Biopunk: DIY scientists hack the software of life by Marcus Wohlsen

The TWiVites discuss seroevidence for human infection with avian influenza H5N1, and the discovery of a new influenza virus in Guatemalan bats. Links for this episode: Seroevidence for human H5N1 infection (Science) Mammalian-transmissible H5N1 (mBio) New information about ferret-adapted H5N1 (NY Times, virology blog) New influenza virus from fruit bats (PNAS) Elsevier abandons open access assault (The Scientist) Le virus le plus dangereux? TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 173 Weekly Science Picks Ashlee – AskScience (Reddit)Michael - HealthMap (iPhone and Android app)Rich – H5N1 research discussion at ASMBiodefenseAlan – El Yunque National ForestVincent – The Journal of Global Health Listener Pick of the Week Judi – NSF visualization challenge Send your virology questions and comments (email or mp3 file) to [email protected], or call them in to 908-312-0760. You can also post articles that you would like us to discuss atmicrobeworld.org and tag them with twiv.

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Kathy Spindler Vincent and Kathy discuss how a virus may cause disease distant from its replication site, then review a day in the life of a senior microbiology professor. Links for this episode: Celsius vs Centigrade Neuropathogenesis during polymicrobial infection (PLoS Pathogens) Tetramer staining (pdf) One TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 172

Matt joins the TWiVarians to review virus production in single cells and single virion genomics. Links for this episode: H5N1 results will be published (NY Times) Virus production in single cells then and now Single virion genomics (PLoS One) Multiple displacement amplification (Wikipedia) Ranavirus killing turtles, tadpoles in Maryland (Washington Post) Three Dog Night TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 171

Alan, Rich, and Dickson discuss Edward Jenner's paper on cowpox vaccine, then move 200 years later to modern vaccines against norovirus, influenza H5N1, and more. Links for this episode: Norton Zinder, 83 (Reuters) Jenner's cowpox vaccine paper (Bartleby, Gutenberg) Norovirus VLP vaccine (NEJM) Plant-grown H5N1 VLP vaccine (Reuters, PLoS One) Plant-grown norovirus VLP Hexavalent pediatric vaccine TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 170

Michael and the TWiV team review epidemiology basics, including fatality ratios. Links for this episode: Michael's blog and podcast Epidemiology literature critique (PowerPoint) Seven mistakes in epidemiology (ETE) Snow cholera map TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 169

Welkin joins the TWiV team for a discussion of HIV prophlaxis using vectored antibodies, and the influenza H5N1 virus studies in ferrets that were not redacted. Links for this episode: Vectored HIV immunoprophylaxis (Nature) Vectored immunoprophylaxis - the Movie (YouTube) Adeno-associated virus (Wikipedia) In vitro evolution of H5N1 towards human receptor specificity (Virology) Endogenous viral genes non-essential in chicken (Nature) Rates of HIV transmission per coital act (J Inf Dis) TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 168

The complete TWiVome deconstructs the movie Contagion.

Vincent, Dickson, Rich, and Alan review cell proteins essential for entry of hepatitis C, Ebola, and measles viruses. Links for this episode: Niemann-Pick C1 is entry factor for HCV (Nature Med) Ebola virus entry requires Niemann-Pick C1 (Nature one, two) Nectin-4 is measles virus epithelial receptor (Nature, PLoS Pathogens) An exit strategy for measles virus (Science) On this day in history TWiV on Facebook Letters read on TWiV 166

Vincent, Dickson, Rich, and Alan answer listener questions about XMRV, cytomegalovirus, latency, shingles vaccine, myxomavirus and rabbits, and more.

Vincent, Alan, and Rich review ten compelling virology stories of 2011.

Vincent, Dickson, Rich, and Alan review the 100 year old finding by Peyton Rous of a transmissible sarcoma of chickens, a discovery that ushered in the era of tumor virology.

Vincent, Rich, and Alan continue Virology 101 with a discussion of transcription, the process of making mRNA from a DNA template.

Vincent, Rich, Alan and Gabriel review the production of antibodies by B cells, and how high affinity antibodies are selected in the germinal centers of lymph nodes.

The TWiV team speaks with Patrick Moore about his discovery, with Yuan Chang, of two human tumor viruses, Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus and Merkel cell polyomavirus.

Vincent, Alan, and Rich review concern over an influenza H5N1 transmission experiment, and a new host defense protein against RNA viruses.

Vincent and Rich visit the Microbiology and Immunology Department at the University of Michigan Medical School, and speak with Alice and Kathy about their work on HIV genome dimerization, and packaging and pathogenesis of mouse adenovirus.

A large TWiV panel remembers Ralph Steinman, and considers a new innate sensor of retroviral capsids.

Vincent, Rich, and Dickson review a meta-analysis on influenza vaccine, a killer virus in fungi that selects against RNAi, and the use of armed and targeted poxviruses for oncolytic virotherapy.

Vincent, Grant, Eurico, Paulo, Francisco and Janice discuss their work on bocavirus, infectious bronchitis virus, begamoviruses, and circoviruses at the Brazilian Virology Society meeting in Atibaia, São Paulo, Brazil.

Vincent, Alan, and Rich are very enthusiastic about two studies that show how gut bacteria help viral invaders.

Vincent, Alan, and Rich review an outbreak of rabies in arctic foxes and reindeer in Norway, and a prion that makes you go antiviral.

Vincent, Alan, and Rich cover the virome of raw sewage, and a baculovirus gene that causes caterpillars to climb to their doom.