Raise the Line

There's a relatively small number of people who have had the opportunity to create a medical school from the ground up, which is why today’s Raise the Line guest, Dr. Robert Hasty, is particularly interesting to talk to because he’s had that chance three times. Currently, he is involved in launching one of the nation's newest medical schools, the Orlando College of Osteopathic Medicine, in one of its fastest growing areas, Central Florida. “I think one of the things I've learned is that everything is incredibly connected at a medical school -- the facility, the curriculum, the culture, the clinical rotation partners...it all has to work together, so that's one of the things that we've done.” Hasty and his team have also designed a modern curriculum that’s taking a “lecture-less,” team-based, case-based, systems-based approach that interweaves clinical skills and knowledge of basic science throughout the four years. And on top of all that, given the school’s proximity to Disney World, you can see fireworks every night from campus! Join host Shiv Gaglani for this hopeful look at the cutting-edge of medical education. Mentioned in this episode: https://ocom.org/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

If you get nothing else from listening to this memorable episode of Raise the Line, you’ll at least have the chance to do a breathing exercise in real time along with host Shiv Gaglani and his guest, Dr. Michelle Thompson, who is triple board certified in lifestyle, integrative, and osteopathic family medicine. Dr. Thompson has come to rely on a breathing practice for her own daily wellbeing and offers to do it along with all of her patients as well as countless medical students, residents and colleagues. In fact, as a strong advocate for provider wellness, she's created full-day programs for physicians and nurses to learn tools like breathwork for resilience and self-care. “Self-care is not selfish. If we are caring for ourselves, we are more available to others,” she explains. In addition to her role as medical director of the Lifestyle Medicine Institute at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Thompson is a national force in establishing lifestyle medicine programs in health systems across the country, as nearly 100 organizations have done. Taking it a step further, UPMC is building a new hospital in the city that Thompson says is going to have a “lifestyle village” on the first three floors to facilitate the efforts of community members to choose healthy habits. Join us as we explore the impact lifestyle and mind-body medicine is having on patient care, employee wellness and medical education in Pittsburgh and far beyond in this perspective-shifting conversation.Mentioned in this episode: University of Pittsburgh Medical Center If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

Today’s Raise the Line guest has created two new degree programs at Brown University, is a vice president and board director at one of the oldest venture capital firms in the nation, and was CEO at a groundbreaking digital healthcare company. Oh, and he’s still in his twenties. As an investor, Morgan Cheatham -- who is also a third-year medical student at Brown University -- is applying his impressive experience, intellect and energy to the use of computation in improving patient care, and he’s encouraged by what he sees. A prime example is Abridge, a company that uses an AI audio system to capture and summarize the information patients share during appointments, allowing the doctor to focus on the patient, not on typing notes. “A guiding light in my career has been how we take this sacred one-to-one relationship and scale it one to many, and Abridge is the company that does just that,” Cheatham tells host Shiv Gaglani, who also happens to be a successful healthcare entrepreneur and third-year medical student. And while Cheatham is excited by the potential application of AI in healthcare, he notes that the medical community needs to move quicky to establish quality standards for its use. “How do we build the right validation benchmarks and evaluation criteria to know whether or not it is performing well?” Don’t miss this fun and fascinating conversation that also covers the necessity of embracing ambiguity, remaining curious and seeking diverse perspectives to navigate the rapidly evolving landscape of healthcare and technology. Mentioned in this episode: Bessemer Venture Partners If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

As researchers continue to explore therapeutic applications of existing psychedelic drugs such as LSD and psilocybin, there's been a parallel effort to create new compounds that produce the same beneficial effects, but that come without the lengthy protocols and regulatory obstacles attached to those currently criminalized substances. "If you could develop new molecules that were more targeted and shorter acting, you may actually be able to create medicines as potent as the existing ones, but administratively and medically more efficient so we can reach more people," says Ronan Levy, a serial entrepreneur in the space. After a foray into creating a business model for ketamine-assisted therapy, Levy is now looking to support the community of millions of people who are already using psychedelics in various capacities through his Non-Ordinary Therapy Company instead of providing the therapeutic experience directly. “Wherever you're having your psychedelic experiences, that's wonderful. We're there to help you get the maximum impact from your sessions.” Join host Shiv Gaglani for this fascinating conversation about responsibly pushing regulatory boundaries, whether hallucinatory effects are essential to therapeutic benefit, and the rapid pace of change in a field that holds the potential to, as Levy puts it, “displace most forms of mental health care currently provided.” Mentioned in this episode: Non-Ordinary Therapy CompanyThe Ketamine Breakthrough (book) If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

Distance learning continues to grow in popularity with most college students in the U.S. now taking at least some classes online offered by hundreds of brick-and-mortar and exclusively online institutions. We’re going to learn about one of the highest ranked programs in the space today with Geordie Hyland, president and CEO of the American College of Education. One way ACE sets itself apart in a crowded field is that 85% of its students graduate with no debt, which Hyland says is reflective of the school’s mission. “ACE was founded with a key consideration about return on the students' time and financial investment so we have some of the lowest tuition in the nation, but we also provide a fully online, high-quality experience.” Check out this informative conversation with host Derek Apanovitch to learn about ACE’s programs that are tailored to address pressing staffing shortages in healthcare, its data-driven approach to student support, and the collaborative interactions it facilitates among its 10,000 students. "It's fascinating to see students from very different geographic regions be able to share ideas and collaborate," says Hyland.Mentioned in this episode: https://ace.edu/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

Chronic stress can be at the root of everything from mental health struggles to digestive problems to heart disease. Today on Raise the Line, we’re going to learn about a wearable device made by Apollo Neuroscience that uses gentle vibrations to help the body adjust to stress. “Apollo is based on all the same principles that music is based on. It's wearable music for your body,” explains the company’s co-founder and chief medical officer Dr. David Rabin, a neuroscientist, psychiatrist, health tech entrepreneur and inventor who has been studying the impact of chronic stress in humans for over fifteen years. A close reading of non-Western medical practices led him to realize that, generally speaking, the focus was on reducing the “fight or flight” response and increasing our parasympathetic rest and recovery system. With that in mind, the Apollo device acts on the vagal nervous system with a gentle vibration that delivers safety signals to your skin in the form of low frequency music that you can't really hear, but you can feel. In this revealing conversation with host Shiv Gaglani, you’ll learn more about how and why Apollo works and its connection to Rabin’s interests in psychedelic-assisted therapy, the importance of safety in the provider-patient relationship, and how to effectively blend Western, Eastern and tribal approaches to medicine and healing. Mentioned in this episode: https://apolloneuro.com/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

You may have seen today’s guest, Dr. Raj Dasgupta, on Chasing the Cure, The Doctors, CNN or ABC News and if so, you’ll understand why he is an award-winning medical educator and a force in the field. His irrepressible enthusiasm for patient care and teaching pours out in every moment of this fun and illuminating conversation with host Shiv Gaglani. “I really have this desire to make my teaching engaging and educational at the same time. To be a good teacher, you have to change your style with the times and for who your audience is,” Dasgupta says. Beyond his work with students, residents and fellows at the Keck School of Medicine of USC and the many attendees at his USMLE exam prep classes around the world over the past twenty years, Dr. Raj has touched a multitude of others through a series of books published by Elsevier that include the popular Morning Report: Beyond the Pearls and Case Reports: Beyond the Pearls. It’s a wide-ranging discussion -- he is quadruple board certified in pulmonary, critical care, sleep, and internal medicine, after all -- that offers insight on everything from licensing exams to AI to mentorship to battling burnout to the power of a smile. Don’t miss this whirlwind wisdom drop from the kind of teacher you always wish you had. Mentioned in this episode: The Dr. Raj Podcast If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

Something as complicated as starting a medical school is bound to include unanticipated obstacles, but few schools can match the roller coaster ride of the American Canadian School of Medicine in the Commonwealth of Dominica which just welcomed its first class of students. Our Raise the Line guest, Dr. Ramin Ahmadi, along with colleagues from Yale and Penn State medical schools, had worked for years to design an innovative curriculum and train faculty for a new medical school in Kazan, Russia. Then came Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. “Because of the war, we had to pull out. That was the end of the project at that point and we were all very sad,” Ahmadi tells host Shiv Gaglani. Tune in to learn how the project was given new life and how Ahmadi and his team are meeting the needs and preferences of modern students with a flipped-classroom, case-based approach to education. You’ll also hear about ACSOM’s different approach to clinical training, new model for residency programs and other innovations. And be sure to stay tuned to hear about his remarkable experiences in global health and human rights, and gain from his insights on how physicians can protect themselves from burnout.Mentioned in this episode: https://www.acsom.edu.dm If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

Of the many hopeful developments in psychedelic research in recent years, perhaps the most important is that FDA approval of MDMA-assisted therapy for treating post-traumatic stress disorder appears likely within the next year. That prospect is due in no small part to our Raise the Line guest, Dr. Michael Mithoefer, who has spearheaded clinical trials of MDMA-assisted therapy for more than twenty years and is a senior leader at the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies Public Benefit Corporation which has led this groundbreaking research. Although he notes that FDA approval isn’t guaranteed, Mithoefer is contemplating what the practicalities will be of implementing this multi-stage therapy regimen, and he has cause for concern. “I think now the question is going to be, if it's approved, how does it fit into this medical system we have, which I think is quite dysfunctional, especially with mental health. To me, the challenge is going to be not to try to distort the treatment to fit the system,” he tells host Shiv Gaglani. In this enlightening conversation, Shiv and Dr. Mithoefer discuss the need for specialized therapist training, the importance of making the therapy available regardless of ability to pay, and other potential therapeutic uses for MDMA. This is a great opportunity to hear from an important voice about the current and future state of psychedelics as a treatment modality. Mentioned in this episode: https://mapsbcorp.com/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

On this episode of Raise the Line, we’ll introduce you to a relatively new company in the digital health space focused on treatment-resistant mental health patients, which constitute about 30% of people in the US with a mental health diagnosis. Our guest is Jimmy Qian, the co-founder and president of Osmind, who believes mental health practitioners could benefit from a more data-driven approach. “We can't understand the biology of neuropsychiatry unless we get more and more multimodal data and work together as a scientific community to really understand how mental health even works, and that requires rethinking diagnosis and treatments from the ground up using data,” says Qian. As he tells host Shiv Gaglani, Osmind is sharing its data with researchers to help improve scientific understanding of hard-to-treat conditions and has already published two studies with Stanford, including the largest ever real-world analysis of ketamine as a treatment for depression. Check out this informative conversation to learn how Osmind’s platform is also giving patients the opportunity to provide real-time information on how they're doing between visits and helping providers smooth out their workflow.Mentioned in this episode: https://www.osmind.org/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

If you were to name one thing that could simultaneously increase patient satisfaction and reduce provider burnout, would empathy come to mind? Well, based on research published in peer-reviewed journals, it should, as we’ll learn from our Raise the Line guest Dr. Helen Riess, a clinical professor at Harvard Medical School and author of the book, The Empathy Effect. Trained as a psychiatrist, Riess has built a training program based on the neuroscience of emotion that bucks the prevailing wisdom that empathy is an inborn trait that can’t be taught. “I feel your pain is not just a figure of speech. We actually do feel other people's pain and our very survival depends on it,” Riess explains to host Shiv Gaglani. The company Riess founded and leads, Empathetics, has put thousands of clinicians and frontline staff through its e-learning courses with impressive results including major increases in patient experience scores and improvements in staff retention with the longest follow-up case study showing an 82.9% decrease in turnover among participating clinicians. In a nutshell, the training builds perception of emotion and fosters a deeper understanding of what Riess calls ‘the whole person.’ “You know, not just the broken wrist, but what does the broken wrist mean for a sixty-five-year-old woman who is the only caretaker for her grandchild?” Join us for a fascinating look at the neuroscience of empathy and its role in transforming the culture of healthcare.Mentioned in this episode: https://www.empathetics.com/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

The value of early detection is perhaps greater for cancer than many other diseases because it remains the second leading cause of death worldwide. On this episode of Raise the Line we're going to learn about a new testing approach that leverages genomic technology and machine learning to detect signals circulating in the blood across more than 50 types of cancers -- far beyond the number currently screened for -- and helps physicians target locations for diagnostic evaluation. “We can look at this epigenetic pattern on very specific regions of the DNA and say this is only seen in cancer, and make a call,” says Dr. Josh Ofman, the president of GRAIL, a spinoff of the genomic sequencing company Illumina. “We have an opportunity now to dramatically improve the number of cancers found in the population through early detection. We could reduce the death rate over the next five years by almost forty percent,” he tells host Shiv Gaglani. Tune in to find out who qualifies for the test, what obstacles lie ahead and how GRAIL is working to educate physicians about this potentially powerful new option Mentioned in this episode: https://grail.com/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

On this episode of Raise the Line, we have the privilege of hearing from one of the nation's top healthcare leaders, Dr. Joshua Gordon, who is the director of the National Institute of Mental Health. In that role, he oversees an extensive portfolio of basic and clinical research that seeks to transform the understanding and treatment of mental illnesses, paving the way for prevention, recovery and cure. “Our main role is in trying to make sure that good science is conducted in the service of furthering public mental health,” he tells host Shiv Gaglani. One area of NIMH research that gets less attention than breakthrough medicines is how to make it easier for healthcare systems and practices to adopt best practices and proven treatments. This not only helps improve patient outcomes, but Gordon says it is one element in addressing feelings of a lack of effectiveness that contribute to provider burnout. “If we can increase individuals’ efficacy by ensuring that they are trained in evidence-based approaches, and continue to make new treatments available to help those who aren't responding to the old ones, that's one way we can do that.” This is a rare opportunity to hear from a federal agency executive on some of the most pressing and interesting issues in healthcare including the shortage of providers, health equity, social determinants of health, telemedicine and the potential for psychedelics to treat mental health problems. Mentioned in this episode: https://www.nimh.nih.gov/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

The Crucial Role of Psychedelic Therapy Guides - Mary Cosimano, Former Director of Guide and Facilitator Services at The Johns Hopkins Center for Psychedelic and Consciousness ResearchAll of the promising research into the potential benefits of psychedelics in mental health treatment depends on having skilled professionals who can create a therapeutic alliance with participants and guide the sessions in which the compounds are administered. We could not have a betterRaise the Line guest for understanding this role than Mary Cosimano, LMSW, former director of Guide and Facilitator Services at the Johns Hopkins Center for Psychedelics & Consciousness Research. Since the genesis of psychedelic research there two decades ago, she has conducted over 500 sessions herself as well as serving as a research coordinator. In this fascinating conversation with host Shiv Gaglani, Cosimano discusses how she prepares for and processes the often-taxing sessions, the common themes that emerge from participants, and what qualities effective guides need to have. On that point, she thinks the role needs to be open to chaplains, nurses, hospice care workers, and others with the right combination of experience and personal qualities, not just to licensed medical personnel. “What’s as important is who they are, what they've done in their life and career, how much work have they done on themselves, do you feel comfortable with them?” This is a fascinating look into the heart of psychedelic-assisted therapy and the meaningful experiences participants can have when they are in the right hands. Mentioned in this episode: https://hopkinspsychedelic.org/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

“We're really heading to a cliff when it comes to those expressing interest in healthcare careers,” cautions today’s Raise the Line guest Geoffrey Roche, director of Workforce Development in North America for Siemens Healthineers. Unfortunately, this drop-off in interest is happening as statistics on the current and future shortage of healthcare workers seemingly get worse by the day. One strategy the veteran hospital administrator and educator advocates is partnering with the K-12 system to provide early exposure to healthcare careers. “We have to show young people what the possibilities are. We've got to visually help an individual understand ‘this is what your career ladder could be.’ It could also help, he tells host Rishi Desai, if young people understood how much healthcare technology is powered by the same type of systems as video games. Citing the concerns that other industries do a better job of recruiting young people, Roche urges all healthcare organizations to have deep working relationships with educators. “If you’re not working with an academic institution to look at your needs of today and tomorrow proactively, strategically and tactically, then you're behind.” The good news is Roche sees examples of community partnerships and creative approaches to certification and apprenticeships that could yield results. Tune in to find out how bringing healthcare and education together at all levels can help fill the daunting gap in clinical and non-clinical staff that confronts our healthcare system. Mentioned in this episode: www.siemens-healthineers.com If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

Active and fun are rarely the first words associated with medical education, but today’s Raise the Line guest, Dr. Amin Azzam, contends learners get the most value when they can engage with their education rather than passively receive knowledge. As Azzam relates to host Hillary Acer, the vice president of Strategic Operations at Osmosis, he remembers first seeing the power of active learning while observing a class of med students as a psychiatry resident. “I sat behind a one-way mirror and watched these students leading their own small-group learning and it was just palpably infectious how excited they were to learn medicine.” In the ensuing years, Azzam has happily been utilizing and developing active learning strategies as a professor at three Bay Area universities and in his role as Faculty Engagement Coordinator at Osmosis, one of many key roles he has played as a longtime team member. One of his most impactful creative strokes was creating the first medical school course dedicated to improving the quality of health information on Wikipedia, both providing a unique learning experience and improving health content that has been viewed 88 million times by people around the world. Speaking of global impact, he’s also been instrumental in Osmosis initiatives to facilitate learning by medical students in war-torn Syria and refugees seeking medical care. Check out this lively and fascinating look at learner-centric education and the power of providing opportunities for students to do social good while learning. Mentioned in this episode:Osmosis OMEF-ONSA ProgramWikipedia Education Foundation If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

“When we say ‘treatment for menopause,’ it implies that menopause is a disease, when really it’s a normal and expected time of life,” says Dr. Anna Barbieri, an integrative medicine physician and specialist in menopause certified by the North American Menopause Society. That attentiveness to word choice is reflective of a new perspective that’s driving Dr. Barbieri and her peers to see menopause more holistically than in the past and to forge new approaches to the care they provide. "Menopause care is not checkbox medicine. We have to work with our patients individually," Barbieri shares with special guest host Dr. Deborah Enegess, herself a practicing gynecologist as well as a clinical content writer for Osmosis. A personalized approach involves tailoring care plans that take exercise, nutrition, sleep, stress management and other lifestyle and psychological factors into account in an effort to help patients feel better in the short term and longer term. Providers also have to contend with a shift in long-held thinking about the use of hormone therapy and a bewildering array of supplements that are touted as effective remedies for various symptoms. To help sort through all of this complexity, new resources have come on the scene in recent years, including the digital platform Elektra Health -- of which Barbieri is the founding physician -- that describes its mission as “smashing the menopause taboo.” Check out this engaging exploration of what looks to be a promising time for women in search of individualized, integrated and informed care during their menopause journey.Mentioned in this episode: https://www.elektrahealth.com/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

We've been careful on Raise the Line to use the term psychedelic-assisted therapy because, as we've heard from previous guests, these compounds are best administered in the context of a therapeutic relationship in a safe, controlled setting. Today, we're going to focus on the therapy part of the equation with Dr. Mary “Bit” Yaden, an assistant professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Johns Hopkins University. Yaden contends that administering a two-to-three-month course of psychedelic-assisted therapy will be vastly different for professionals used to conventional mental health treatments that involve taking medications daily and which might or might not include long-term courses of talk therapy. “This is taking a pill twice, and participating in psychotherapy is integral to its success. This is not ‘maybe I feel better today taking an SSRI, but I'm not quite sure.’ This is deliberately taking a medicine that changes your mental state in a way that is not ordinary,” she tells host Shiv Gaglani. And while she’s encouraged by growing evidence that psilocybin and other compounds are showing therapeutic promise, she’s concerned about history repeating itself, as reflected in a 2021 article in JAMA Psychiatry she co-authored entitledPsychedelics and Psychiatry, Keeping the Renaissance from Going Off the Rails. “I think a great tragedy could be if there is so much overblown hype that we become disenchanted too early or that we start allowing for practices that are not safe.” Don’t miss this highly engaging and instructive conversation on the full picture of psychedelic-assisted therapy.Mentioned in this episode: https://hopkinspsychedelic.org/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

“I really have challenged the students that have graduated from Duke the last couple of years to consider being ambassadors for science and for communication of what is good science,” says Dr. Mary Klotman, executive vice president for Health Affairs and dean of the School of Medicine at Duke University. She notes that the stakes of disinformation are too high to do otherwise, as up to 300,000 COVID-19 deaths can be attributed to unfounded fears about one of the safest vaccines ever produced. It's just one of many educational imperatives Klotman is pursuing to prepare future clinicians for a constantly changing healthcare landscape. Others include helping students put new tools such as AI in the context of patient care, creating more opportunities to learn in ambulatory settings where 90% of healthcare is now delivered, and more multidisciplinary training to reflect a growing team approach to medical care. To help develop those interprofessional habits, Klotman has championed a “One Duke” approach. “Whether you're a student, senior investigator or a clinician, take advantage of the broad expertise here to solve a problem whether it's engineering in medicine, or it's data science. That is the nature of scientific problem solving today.” Join host Shiv Gaglani on this episode of Raise the Line for a wide-ranging look at how a leading academic center is innovating to adjust to dynamic changes in society, technology and healthcare.Mentioned in this episode: Duke University School of MedicineDuke's Program on Medical Misinformation If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

Instead of fretting about AI replacing jobs humans currently do, Dr. Nigam Shah is urging people to adopt a perspective about the technology that echoes President John Kennedy’s famous charge in his inaugural address: ‘ask not what this technology can do to you, ask what you can do with this technology.’ “If medicine simply automated everything we were doing 200 years ago, we’d have a machine that would do bloodletting. But we didn't fall into that trap,” says Shah, the chief data scientist at Stanford University. Instead, he suggests, people in the healthcare arena should think about what a human and a computer can do together that neither of them could do alone. In this fascinating episode of Raise the Line with host Shiv Gaglani, Shah also issues a call to action to the medical community about training AI for medical purposes. “If you really want to use these things, we have to create the instruction-tuning data so that they produce the output that we expect.” As for predictions of AI being the author of our salvation or doom, count him as skeptical. “I'm quite sure both sides are overblowing it for different reasons, and the truth will land somewhere in the middle. We’ve got to proactively pick the amazing and stay away from all the fearmongering.” There is much to be learned in this engaging conversation about the history of AI hype cycles, how to use AI to maximize productivity and the challenges inherent in AI-human interaction. If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

“What's really exciting and scary in medical education right now is we're seeing large language models enter the scene,” says today’s Raise the Line guest Dr. Adam Rodman, who is well-placed to make such an assessment. As co-director of the Innovations in Media and Education Delivery Initiative (iMED) at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Rodman is witnessing, and influencing, how new technologies are shaping both medical education and the future of healthcare. In his view, AI can’t replace a doctor right now, but it can make remarkable insights into how humans think. “We need to start to grapple with what it means when a lot of these cognitive processes that medical education is designed to train for get offloaded to a machine,” he tells host Shiv Gaglani. He summarized his thoughts on AI, with co-author Dr. Avraham Cooper, in a piece for the August issue of the New England Journal of Medicineentitled “AI and Medical Education: A 21st-Century Pandora's Box” and invokes another concept rooted in ancient Greece as he describes AI as a ‘pharmakon.’ “There really is a way these technologies could dramatically improve what it means to be a patient -- and hopefully what it means to be a physician -- but the same technologies could be used to make things worse.” The ancient references are not surprising coming from Rodman, a medical historian who enjoys exploring the roots and evolution of the field on his long-running podcast Bedside Rounds. Don’t miss this richly informed conversation on how humans perform when interacting with AI, the advent of virtual tutors, and how AI might be used to improve student assessments and enhance the doctor-patient relationship. If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

When Munjal Shah and his colleagues chose to use Hippocratic in the name of their new AI-based company, it wasn’t just about signaling their product was involved with healthcare, it was also intended to leverage the ‘do no harm’ philosophy associated with the term. After all, formerly fanciful fears of ‘robots’ replacing doctors have become more realistic since the advent of generative AI last year. Shah addresses that issue up front in this revealing Raise the Line episode with host Shiv Gaglani. “We're going to be restricting the product when it comes out. It's not going to be able to do diagnoses.” Instead, the platform will focus on serving the needs of patients after their diagnosis, especially for those with chronic conditions. Shah sees his healthcare-specific chatbots answering questions about symptoms, medications, post-op care and other routine matters as a vast, virtual and low-cost expansion of the healthcare workforce. “What would happen in the world if we could have 30 million nurses? How much would America's health improve? That's the vision we're after.” And he argues that healthcare expertise available in every home in every language, 24-7 would be a major factor in improving access. “We want to really solve health equity for everybody.” Tune in to find out how Hippocratic AI plans to establish itself as a trusted source of accurate healthcare information, how they intend to manage AI’s ‘hallucination’ problem and how his system could actually improve patient engagement. Mentioned in this episode: https://www.hippocraticai.com/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

“I have coaching involved in all of my programs. It's just done wonders not only for the work I do, but for me personally,” says Dr. Rachel Salas, a professor of Neurology at Johns Hopkins University and certified strength and life coach. It wasn’t always this way. Salas was well into her career as a sleep specialist and clerkship director before being introduced to a strengths-based approach to personal and professional development. As she tells host Shiv Gaglani on this episode of Raise the Line, focusing on her strengths was a transformative shift and she is committed to sharing this powerful technique with students, colleagues and even patients. “If a patient is a learner, I know they’re going to like some materials to read about their diagnosis. If someone has a strength of being analytical, I'll probably need to spend a little bit more time talking about the different numbers in their sleep study report.” Knowing yourself and your strengths, she says, is also a valuable tool in helping medical students decide what specialty to pursue. “We want people to be their authentic selves. Who are they? Who do they want to be? How can we help you match your strengths with the meaningful career you want to have?” Based on the success she’s seen at Johns Hopkins, Salas is helping to spread the philosophy to other medical schools. Check out this enlightening conversation that also includes insights on applying precision medicine to treat problems with sleep. If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

You’re going to hear something in this episode of Raise the Line that you most likely have never heard before: what DNA sounds like. Our guests today all had an interest in musically representing DNA for different reasons, and have come together to pursue this theme as a way to raise awareness for rare diseases. Dr. Aditi Kantipuly had used the arts once before to achieve that goal by writing the children’s book The Zebra Alphabet. After coming across music based on genetic sequences composed by University of Chicago professor Stephen Taylor, a new idea formed. “Can we make a song for rare genetic conditions?” She expanded the possibilities by connecting with Casey McPherson, a Texas-based musician who had written a song based on his daughter Rose’s rare gene mutation. How do they do it? “DNA consists of four letters -- A, T, C, and G -- and you can map those to anything,” explains Taylor. McPherson built melodies based on the amino acids involved in Rose’s condition. “Being a pop artist, I was looking for patterns. I was looking for motifs.” The aim is to engage people emotionally and intellectually in the fight against rare diseases. As McPherson puts it: “We have the technology to cure many of these diseases, we just don't have the structures to do it at scale. Music is a huge way of inspiring us to think differently.” Don’t miss this fascinating discussion with host Michael Carrese on a unique intersection of art and science.Mentioned in this episode:To Cure a Rose Foundationhttp://stephenandrewtaylor.net/https://thezebrabook.com/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

“I see health systems being systematically disintermediated by certain payers and some tech companies who are eager to take the easy stuff and leave health systems with really complex, sick and often very poor patients,” says veteran healthcare executive Dr. Marc Harrison. “I need a speedboat to change that.” He’s building that speedboat in partnership with venture capital firm General Catalyst, and will leverage his deep experience -- most recently as CEO of Intermountain Healthcare -- to set a new course for healthcare in the US. “Healthcare should be accessible, affordable, of high quality, consumer-centric and a combination of the digital and legacy world,” he tells host Shiv Gaglani. “A ‘clicks & mortar’ future, as we like to say.” In this thoughtful episode of Raise the Line, Harrison also touches on his own health struggles and discusses his book Possibility Unleashed which examines how to create environments where people get to do their very best work. “How do they get to run hard, run fast, be collaborative and do more in that context than they could ever do on their own?” Don’t miss this wisdom drop from one of the country’s leading figures in healthcare reform.Mentioned in this episode: Dr. Marc Harrison’s book, Possibility Unleashed. If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

While it’s encouraging that efforts to provide culturally competent care have gained a foothold in the wake of COVID, today’s Raise the Line guest says it is time to expand the conversation to encompass the concepts of cultural safety - which involves awareness of historical power dynamics -- and cultural humility -- which requires an inward look. “Are you reflecting on your own values, beliefs, and background and what you're bringing to the table,” Dr. Raj Sundar explains to host Michael Carrese. Sundar tries to practice all of this himself with patients in his family medicine practice in Washington, but also works at a broader level as a community organizer with culturally diverse populations and reaches an even wider audience through his Health Care for Humans podcast aimed at educating clinicians on cultural safety in healthcare. He acknowledges up front how challenging this work can be, especially because well-intentioned efforts to connect culturally with patients can backfire unless they are well-informed, but it is more than worth the effort. “This work is messy and sometimes doesn't have a black or white answer, but it can provide moments of joy. When patients feel known, seen, and heard they feel like they can trust you.” Sundar is a thoughtful source of guidance in this enlightening look at what can be done at the individual and institutional level to facilitate cultural connection in healthcare. Mentioned in this episode: https://www.healthcareforhumans.org/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

Our focus on the renaissance in research into psychedelics continues on this episode of Raise the Line, but instead of looking at their potential therapeutic applications, we're going to hear about using them as a tool for learning how the brain works. “We don't have a great idea about the neural basis of self-conception, and psychedelics make us question so many of our fundamental assumptions about the nature of reality,” says Dr. Michael Silver, director of the UC Berkeley Center for the Science of Psychedelics. Dr. Silver, who is also a professor of Optometry, has the advantage of using the extensive knowledge we already have of how visual activity works in the brain as a predicate for his research. “We have the ability to do human neuroimaging and objectively define many areas in the visual cortex, while it’s still unclear how some higher order areas of the brain are defined,” he tells host Shiv Gaglani. The Center was established in 2020 in part to fill a need for credible information about psychedelics and its work is informed by a wide range of disciplines including molecular and cell biology, psychology, neuroscience and journalism. In fact, one of the Center’s founding members is journalist Michael Pollan, author of the bestselling books How to Change Your Mind and This is Your Mind on Plants. This is a truly fascinating conversation on the nature of visual perception, standards for training psychedelic facilitators and the possible recategorization of mental health disorders, among other implications of psychedelic research. Mentioned in this episode:UC Berkeley Center for the Study of PsychedelicsUC Berkeley Online Course: Psychedelics and the MindSam Harris Podcast If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

“I'm betting it's going to be more good than bad, but I have some big concerns about where things are headed,” warns Dr. Matthew Johnson of Johns Hopkins University when prognosticating about what impact the use of psychedelics in mental health treatment will have on society at large. As he tells host Shiv Gaglani, once these compounds are more widely available, there is real potential for unscrupulous actors to take advantage of people and cults to form. “One of the critiques is about this “new religion” component. I've been really concerned about that because I see even within the deepest layers of science, it’s very difficult to trust people with the magnitude of effect psychedelics have in people.” It's perhaps surprising for one of the scientists responsible for the renaissance in psychedelic research to articulate those concerns, but Dr. Johnson notes there is a long history, going back centuries, of psychedelics waxing and waning due to social and political factors. For now, he is focused on the efficacy of psychedelics in combating nicotine addiction, an area he pioneered starting a decade ago. Preliminary results of a study building on his early work indicate psychedelic-assisted therapy may be twice as effective as the leading nicotine replacement therapy. Up next is a multi-site trial on nicotine, plus studies on using LSD to treat chronic pain and psylocibin to deal with opioid addiction and PTSD. Don’t miss this thoughtful, nuanced and super informative discussion on one of the most interesting areas in medical science today. If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

For our 400th episode we’re happy to be diving into one of our favorite topics -- direct-to-consumer healthcare -- with a leading force in the space, Dr. Kapil Parakh. In his role as senior medical lead at Google, Dr. Parakh has led projects to expand access to health information and help people achieve their fitness goals using Fitbit and other means. He’s also helped launch products that reach a billion people and pioneered partnerships with a range of organizations, including the World Health Organization and the American Heart Association. “I've found my passion around innovation and digital health, and the intersection of consumers and health,” he tells host Shiv Gaglani. Tune in to gain from Parakh’s broad insight into how AI and digital tools are making a difference in the science of health, and the opportunities for wearables and other digital tools to help doctors and patients work together to improve health. “You can take these consumer-grade tools and intelligently use them in many different clinical and population health settings. You just have to understand what that data means and how to use it.”Mentioned in this episode: https://www.google.com/fit/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

“We don't have a shortage of nurses in this country. We have a shortage of nurses willing to practice in the healthcare environments as they are today,” says Rebecca Love, an educator, innovator and leader who has devoted her career to improving the profession of nursing from multiple angles. She’s currently pursuing one of those efforts as chief clinical officer at IntelyCare, an app which smooths out the scheduling process for nurses looking to pick up extra shifts. “We created a platform that allows nurses more of a credentialing passport to work anywhere they want, when they want to.” Love is also involved in a broader effort to change how nurses are paid, correcting an historical artifact of their services being included in the daily rate of a hospital room instead of being billed as a separate service, as she explains to host Michael Carrese. “Nursing is still the only healthcare profession that does not have a billable service which makes them a cost center to hospitals and as long as that’s the case, healthcare systems are never going to invest in anything to make the lives of nurses better.” Tune in for a powerful perspective shift on one of the biggest challenges facing healthcare today from a leading advocate for the nursing profession.Mentioned in this episode: https://www.intelycare.com/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

Twenty years ago, health outcomes in Eastern North Carolina lagged behind state averages but those deficits have largely been erased, and Dr. Mike Waldrum, Dean of the Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, thinks he knows why. “We’ve done it primarily with a community-based focus and taking students only from North Carolina that we know have a propensity to want to practice medicine in the environments that we're here to serve. That's kind of our sauce,” he tells host Shiv Gaglani. Building on that approach, the university started a rural residency program in recent years, and out of four graduates in its first cohort, two have agreed to stay in the communities in which they trained. And while that kind of incremental progress on the ground level is important, Dr. Waldrum knows change is needed at the system level as well. Some things ECU Health can do on its own, such as implementing a unified electronic medical record across all of its care sites that allows it to model where health needs are and intervene early. But what he sees as the necessary restructuring of how the healthcare system is organized and financed will take a group effort. “We need Medicare, Medicaid, the insurance industry and others as partners in how we transform the system.” Tune in for a thoughtful look at the challenges of improving healthcare in rural communities, and the special role academic “safety-net” health systems play in that effort. Mentioned in this episode: https://medicine.ecu.edu/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

If you were to make a word cloud based on this episode of Raise the Line, community would be the most prominent term. For starters, Dr. Allison Brashear was attracted to Buffalo for its reputation as a welcoming community -- a city of good neighbors, as she puts it -- which reminded her of her roots in the Midwest. She was also encouraged that the University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine already had a well-established reputation as a community partner. And, as she tells host Derek Apanovitch, she has seen the impressive strength of the Buffalo community in the wake of the deadly, racially motivated shooting at a supermarket last May. Part of the school’s response to that tragedy has been developing an anti-racist curriculum and focusing students on addressing health inequities. “There's an elective where students can go provide healthcare in the neighborhood, so they actually kind of walk in a patient's shoes... because if you don't understand the social determinants of health of your patient, then you're not going to be able to make a difference.” Brashear adds that the school’s wide variety of partners -- from the VA to community-based primary care clinics -- further enriches the educational experience. “There's a wealth of opportunities to learn here in Buffalo, and that's one of the things that makes it really great.” You’ll also learn about Brashear’s efforts to boost the number of graduates who stay in the region to practice medicine, the University’s research strengths, and her own work as an internationally renowned researcher in several rare neurologic disorders in this in-depth conversation.Mentioned in this episode: medicine.buffalo.edu/atp1a3 If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

“We thought it was the end of psychedelic research, and the great dreams we had were for some future generation,” says Dr. Bill Richards, referring to the 1970s when the Nixon administration criminalized psychedelic compounds. At that point, he could not have imagined there would once again be the thriving interest in psychedelics for both therapeutic and non-clinical purposes that we see today. On this episode of Raise the Line with host Shiv Gaglani, we take a unique, multi-generational look at psychedelic research with two guests who happen to be related to each other. Dr. Bill Richards' extraordinary contributions to the field started sixty years ago and he was instrumental in helping Dr. Roland Griffiths reignite psychedelic research in 1999 at Johns Hopkins University after decades of dormancy. His son, Dr. Brian Richards, has made his own significant mark in the space, contributing to some of the original research administering psilocybin with cancer patients and healthy normal adults. He also teaches and mentors students at the California Institute for Integral Studies, the leading psychedelic medicine certificate program worldwide. They’re currently colleagues working with cancer patients at Sunstone Therapies, a company focused on defining the standards for optimal delivery of psychedelic-assisted therapy. You’ll hear about the range of patient experiences they’ve witnessed, the critical role of therapists who guide the sessions, what it’s like to work together and whether they think the US is ready to integrate psychedelics into medical care, among many other dimensions to this fascinating issue. Mentioned in this episode:https://www.sunstonetherapies.com/Sacred Knowledge by William A. Richards If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

“After an hour in this machine, I learned more about my health than the health system had told me my entire life.” That’s our Raise the Line guest Andrew Lacy describing a full body MRI scan he underwent several years ago in Canada that sparked the idea for the company he subsequently founded, Prenuvo, which uses advanced MRI technology for preventive screenings. Growing curiosity about the state of his health as middle age approached had prompted Lacy to undergo a diagnostic gauntlet: colonoscopy, genetic screening, blood tests and more. But he didn’t get the comprehensive answer he was seeking until the MRI. “Seeing the results of that scan felt like I was seeing the future of healthcare. From that moment on, my mission was to figure out how can I take this and bring it to the world,” says Lacy, a serial entrepreneur, investor and advisor in a wide range of industries. He has taken big steps toward fulfilling that mission by raising $70 million to establish scanning centers in nine locations in North America with plans for many more. Prenuvo’s MRI technology candetect solid cancer at Stage 1 as well as 500 other medical conditions, and has already proven to be invaluable for many clients, as he tells host Shiv Gaglani. “There's a potential to have a lifesaving diagnosis in one out of every twenty people who are scanned.” Tune in to learn how Prenuvo is hoping to deepen our understanding of aging and early disease progression, shift the healthcare system toward a prevention-first model and help people take control of their own health. Mentioned in this episode: https://www.prenuvo.com/Use this promo code for a $300 discount on a whole-body scan: OSMOSIS If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

When Tracy Dixon-Salazar was a young mother of two she described herself as a mediocre high school student with no real academic or career ambitions. Today, she has a PhD in Neurobiology and Neurosciences, is credited with uncovering the genetic driver of a rare form of childhood-onset epilepsy, and she also identified the first precision therapy for it. Unfortunately, the spark for this remarkable change of course was her daughter Savannah’s battle with Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (LGS) which caused hundreds of seizures a day, stopped her cognitive development and nearly killed her several times. It all started thirty years ago at a time when the condition was poorly understood. “Nobody really knew what to do with this kid so I realized I had to fight, I had to become her advocate. You'll do anything for your babies and so I had to become educated,” she explains to host Michael Carrese. Dixon-Salazar moved on from her academic life several years ago to become a full-time advocate as executive director of the LGS Foundation where she works with over 200 gene-specific advocacy groups for rare diseases. “It gives me so much hope. The ability for patients to have a voice in the whole process has changed. Now patients have a platform.” Don’t miss this incredible story of a mother’s persistence that changed the prevailing dogma about epilepsy and LGS and ushered in new approaches to treatment that have affected many children beyond Savannah. Mentioned in this episode: https://www.lgsfoundation.org/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

“There's never been a better time to do what we do in our fields and the future of life sciences is so incredibly bright,” says Dr. Lloyd Minor. From his perch as dean of Stanford University School of Medicine, Minor sees the convergence of biomedicine, information science and technology dramatically increasing the pace of discovery-driven science and translational science. As a result of observing and contributing to the culture of discovery at Stanford, and based on his own groundbreaking work as a physician-scientist in otolaryngology, Minor has distilled the necessary elements of innovation into what he calls the “Four Cs of Innovation” -- combination, collaboration, chance, and culture. “A culture of inquiry and collaboration is so important to making scientific advances that benefit patients and there is a level of collaboration and cohesiveness here that I think is very, very conducive to interdisciplinary scholarship,” he tells Raise the Line host Shiv Gaglani. But Minor acknowledges that this time of unprecedented change and new technology in healthcare has been stressful for providers, which informs his approach to leadership. “There's never been a more important time for empathy in leadership and for leaders to be engaged listeners.” Tune in for a fascinating look at how academic medicine is both driving change and adapting to it, how Stanford is applying precision medicine for preventive health and the importance of balancing the opportunities and risks of AI in healthcare. Mentioned in this episode: https://med.stanford.edu/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

Educating someone to be a nurse, physician or allied health professional is obviously a complex process for learners, faculty and administrators. Today, our new Raise the Line co-host (and Osmosis COO) Derek Apanovitch takes a look at tools that help all of those stakeholders visualize the overall curriculum, where a student is on their learning path, and how they are performing. Our guide is Andrew Dos-Santos a veteran of healthcare and higher education IT who has launched the edtech company Fenix Alma Solutions to apply the insights he’s gained in his long career. “Over the last twenty years working so closely with faculty and staff it became clear that disconnected, disparate systems weren't the answer, and this is the landscape most institutions are still working within.” Fenix Alma, and its curriculum management platform VidaNovaVLE, provides the ability to see both the big picture and a granular view to ensure that educators and learners can target where performance improvements should be made. As a unified platform, it also gives administrators the ability to connect the data needed to answer critical questions about what is being taught at what level, what is being assessed, and how are learners doing. “We are trying to breathe new life into this health sciences education technology space.” Tune in to learn about customizing content for students, integrating with external content providers such as Osmosis, and how AI might benefit health sciences education. Mentioned in this episode: https://fenixalma.com/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

The failure of patients to take their medications as prescribed costs the U.S. healthcare system more than $500 billion a year, not to mention the adverse health outcomes it causes. Today’s Raise the Line guest, Sebastian Seiguer, co-founded and leads a company called Scene Health that is tackling this problem with a system that combines video technology, clinical coaching and validated interventions to improve medication adherence rates. Based on evidence gathered in multiple clinical trials, the Centers for Disease Control recently concluded that using asynchronous video is equivalent to an in-person Directly Observed Therapy - the current gold standard for adherence. “It’s an incredible thing. It's the first time in healthcare that an asynchronous video appointment is being treated the same as an in-person appointment,” Seiguer tells host Shiv Gaglani. Scene Health is currently supporting patients across multiple chronic and infectious conditions, including diabetes, asthma, opioid use disorder, tuberculosis and hypertension. Check out this enlightening conversation to learn why adherence is so low in the first place, how Scene Health is educating patients on how and why their medications work, and other applications for this approach.Mentioned in this episode: https://www.scene.health/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

To the uninitiated, interoperability may sound like a surgical term, but it actually refers to how IT systems and other technologies communicate with each other. The goal, of course, is seamless communication to improve efficiency and quality of care, but that's obviously a big challenge. Today on Raise the Line, we dive into this important issue with two people who come at it from different professional perspectives, but who share that goal. Oh, and they also happen to be brothers! Jake Engle is a Senior Director at Oracle Cerner, a supplier of health information technology used at thousands of facilities worldwide. His brother, Dr. Sam Engle, is a pediatric endocrinologist at Children’s Wisconsin. On the patient care side, Dr. Engle talks about the value of having a complete patient history in hand prior to appointments to maximize the efficiency of the time spent, but also to avoid doing duplicate tests. “Especially with kids, you never want to have to repeat labs if you don't need to. I feel very strongly about that.” From the tech side, Jake Engle addresses the challenge of trying to synthesize data from multiple sources such as EHRs, insurance records, public health databases or commercial products focused on one niche of healthcare. “I think the healthcare systems are a bit late to the game and it's much a more complicated game.” You’ll also learn about efforts to make it easier for patients to access their health data, the need for data standards in the industry and how their personal relationship contributes to this work. If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

Dr. David Yaden’s interest in studying spiritual experiences started with one of his own. As he describes it, it was a totally spontaneous experience involving an intensely altered state of consciousness that left him with an enhanced, positive perspective on life. “This became an obsession, really, to understand this. I learned that these experiences have been studied throughout history by scholars and increasingly by scientists,” he tells host Shiv Gaglani. “As I learned more, it became more and more clear that this is what I wanted to study, and that's what I still do.” He happens to be in a perfect spot to do it as the Roland R. Griffiths Professor in Psychedelic Research on Secular Spirituality and Well-Being at Johns Hopkins, named for a leading figure in the modern renaissance in psychedelic research. The basic scope of the project he’s managing is non-clinical. Topics of study include better quantifying the risk-benefit ratio of psychedelics as a positive intervention; looking into how psychedelic experiences that have a spiritual character relate to similar experiences not triggered by psychedelics; and collecting data from non-Western population centers across the world to provide a more complete picture of how much cultural expectations play a role in influencing these experiences, as well as how similar they are across cultures. There is much to learn in this probing look at a fascinating dimension of psychedelic research.Mentioned in this episode: https://griffithsfund.org/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

“I think we're doing something really special here to change the way healthcare is delivered in South Florida, so keep an eye on us,” says Dr. Julie Pilitsis, dean of the Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine and Vice President of Medical Affairs at Florida Atlantic University. For one thing, class sizes in the medical and nursing programs are both increasing to tackle less than ideal access to health services. “If you get diagnosed with a lump on your breast in Florida, it takes you thirty days on average to see a doctor, while the national average is three to five days,” she notes. And just as FAU’s educational and clinical programs are supporting the communities they serve, Pilitsis tells host Shiv Gaglani that they need support in return. “I think academic medicine and academic hospitals are essential. Everybody wants good healthcare, but I think sometimes they don't understand the economic impact that good healthcare brings to the area.” Shiv and Dr. Pilitsis also explore advancements in functional neurosurgery, the role of artificial intelligence in reducing burnout and her landmark career as the first female neurosurgeon to become a dean in this enlightening episode.Mentioned in this episode: https://www.fau.edu/medicine/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

Shortly after starting his job as Dean of the USF Health Morsani College of Medicine in 2014, Dr. Charles Lockwood was presented with the exciting opportunity to help design a new medical education building. In contemplating requirements for the new space, he raised the challenge to colleagues that when the facility was completed in 2020, medical knowledge would be doubling every seventy-three days. “That fundamentally altered the way we thought about the building, and we accelerated the process of curricular reform that we had started,” he explains to Raise the Line host Shiv Gaglani. That reform included dramatically reducing the amount and length of lectures, substantially increasing active and problem-based learning, introducing more assessments and requiring students to learn how to be good researchers to help them discern what’s credible within the ever-growing amount of information available. But Dr. Lockwood also sensed a need to address the way students manage the rigors of a medical education and clinical practice. “What we've tried to do is to stress the need for grit and for embracing the classic stoic teaching about taking on obstacles and challenges as wonderful opportunities to grow and become more resilient.” Lockwood credits this perspective for the institution performing well through the worst of the pandemic. “I think the most surprising thing was the relative lack of burnout at the end of it. We're moving on to new challenges, but it didn't leave us hollowed out.” Tune in for a fascinating conversation about adopting an “anti-fragile” mindset, the dangers of overreliance on heuristics in making clinical decisions, and the implications of generative AI for medical education and patient care. Mentioned in this episode: https://health.usf.edu/medicine/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

After battling chronic illness as a child, Dr. Janelle Sokolowich swore she’d never step foot in a hospital again and started pursuing a different path in college. But life had a way of bringing her back to the world of medicine. “I started thinking back to all the nurses that made such an impact on me as a child and helped me to grow up to be a functioning adult,” she explains to host Michel Carrese. Now as academic vice president and dean of the Leavitt School of Health at Western Governors University, Dr. Sokolowich is in a position to help many others like herself pay it forward by becoming healthcare providers. The school serves 20,000 to 30,000 students per month and seventeen percent of all BSN holders in the country are graduates, but Sokolowich is keenly aware this can be an unattainable dream when cost and other factors come into play. That’s why Leavitt strives to keep tuition low and her performance as Dean is evaluated based on how much debt students have when they graduate, and if they are earning a livable wage two years post-graduation. “We want to be the most inclusive university in the country and we see ourselves as personally responsible for advancing health equity through education.” Check out this thoughtful conversation about competency-based education, strategies for meeting health needs in rural America and the importance of mentoring. “I want to build that next set of nurse leaders and I take it personally, because I have been gifted and blessed with many that have done it for me.”Mentioned in this episode: https://www.wgu.edu/online-nursing-health-degrees.html If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

Major depression, smoking, anorexia nervosa, obsessive-compulsive disorder, Alzheimer’s disease...is it possible for psychedelics to play a positive role in all of these conditions? There are indications the answer may be yes, which is why Dr. Al Garcia-Romeu and his colleagues at The Johns Hopkins Center for Psychedelic and Consciousness Research are so busy. “We're learning more, but as we learn more, the rabbit hole gets deeper and so it's a really fascinating time to be involved in this work and to see the expansion in all these different areas.” As he explains to Raise the Line host Shiv Gaglani, this is not about research for the sake of research. “A big part of the end goal here is to get this in a place where anybody who wants to quit smoking in the country can go to a clinic and get this type of treatment because we’ve shown that it seems to work.” Garcia-Romeu recognizes there are many steps to be taken before that’s a reality --including, of course, FDA approvals if clinical trials are successful -- but there is also a need to train a national corps of providers to guide psychedelic-assisted therapy sessions, a better system for recruiting diverse populations for studies, and insight into how current and future providers perceive psychedelics and their potential utility, a topic the Center is also researching. Don’t miss this in-depth look at the challenges and opportunities in a fascinating area of medical research.Mentioned in this episode: https://hopkinspsychedelic.org/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

When Deepak Thomas contracted Lyme disease in his twenties, he quickly discovered how difficult it can be for a person to navigate the healthcare system, particularly when filling prescriptions. “When it came to accessing medications that could keep me healthy and eventually kick this condition, I found myself making three to four trips to the pharmacy every week, despite being covered by a generous healthcare plan.” So, by drawing on many years of experience working for leading tech companies such as Oracle and eBay, Thomas co-founded Phil, which offers a platform designed to remove provider and patient barriers to starting and continuing prescriptions. It’s an important problem to tackle because 50% of treatment failures and 25% of hospitalizations in the U.S. can be attributed to people failing to take their medicines. Thomas says a differentiating feature of Phil’s system is it works with the electronic health record or prior authorization programs the provider already uses while the automation runs behind the scenes. “The prescriber gets the benefits of automation without having to learn a new set of tools.” As for patients, they are sent a link -- often while still in the prescriber’s office - which takes them through the process. "The enrollment rates into the patient access programs offered by the manufacturers are easily 90% on average across all of our programs." Check out this episode of Raise The Line with host Michael Carrese to learn about a new approach to solving a vexing problem in healthcare, and the other areas of pharma services Thomas wants to focus on next.Mentioned in this episode: https://phil.us/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

As our Year of the Zebra focus on rare diseases continues, we’re putting several neurological conditions in the spotlight whose symptoms include neck pain, vertigo, swallowing issues, memory trouble and many more: idiopathic syringomyelia; idiopathic scoliosis; and the Arnold-Chiari Syndrome type 1 caused variously by cavities in the spinal cord and brain herniation. Fortunately, our guide is one of the world’s leading experts in this area, Dr. Miguel Bautista Royo-Salvador, Director of the Institut Chiari & Syringomyelia Escoliosis de Barcelona, and President of the Chiari and Scoliosis and Syringomyelia Foundation. In his fifty-plus years of focus on these conditions, Dr. Royo-Salvador has alternated between research activity and clinical practice in which he applies a treatment method he developed called the Filum System. Inventing this new approach was sparked by a patient who experienced very little improvement from what was the standard surgical treatment at the time. “I have come to the conclusion that an abnormally intense caudal traction of the entire central nervous system is the cause of the descent of the cerebellar herniation in Chiari Syndrome type 1, as well as of scoliosis and syringomyelia and others. To speak figuratively, it's like a pull from below on the whole central nervous system,” he explains to host Michael Carrese. After 2,100 procedures with a subjective improvement rate of 95%, Dr. Royo-Salvador and the Institute are working to broaden awareness of this minimally invasive approach. Tune-in for an educational journey into these rare conditions and a proven technique to relieve patient suffering.Mentioned in this episode: https://institutchiaribcn.com/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

In this episode of Raise the Line, we dive into the fascinating story of a very old technology, EEGs, being mined for data using a very new technology, AI, that's changing the way treatments are being developed for disorders of the brain. Joining host Michael Carrese to explain is Dr. Jake Donoghue, co-founder and CEO of Beacon Biosignals, a startup that’s using AI to unlock precision medicine for various neurological, psychiatric and sleep disorders. “We utilize our AI tools to bring quantitative endpoints into clinical trials to see if the drugs are impacting brain activity,” Donoghue explains. AI’s ability to quickly recognize subtle changes in electrical activity that might otherwise go unnoticed can accelerate the trial process and hopefully, approval of new therapies. Donoghue is also interested in the area of sleep medicine because of its connection to a wide variety of issues including depression, PTSD, Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease. “We think there's a lot of opportunity to bring quantitative insights to this fundamental state that all humans go through and map some of these really robust features of brain activity to increase understanding of disease and health.”Mentioned in this episode: https://beacon.bio/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

If psychedelics are eventually authorized by the FDA for use in mental health treatment, much credit will go to The Johns Hopkins Center for Psychedelic and Consciousness Research which sparked a renaissance of interest in the compounds starting in 2006 under the guidance of Dr. Roland Griffiths. The first study was actually not about clinical applications of hallucinogens but rather it observed their impact on healthy people. “One of the most remarkable findings Roland Griffiths encountered early on was that people would endorse the statement that they had one of the top five or the single most personally meaningful and spiritually significant experiences of their lives,” says Associate Center Director Dr. Fred Barrett, who met host Shiv Gaglani in his office in Baltimore for this extended conversation. And while the Center is actively researching potential clinical use of psychedelics, which is promising, it remains interested in how they may improve the lives of those not in need of mental health treatment. “What are the opportunities for spiritual growth? What are the opportunities for increasing well-being? There's an opportunity for exploration here that, if we're very careful, may have utility and value outside of the medicalization of these compounds,” adds Barrett. Don’t miss this expansive (dare we say mind-expanding?) discussion of the possible reasons psychedelics may help people with depression, why they are not prone to misuse, and what they tell us about the nature of consciousness itself. Mentioned in this episode: https://hopkinspsychedelic.org/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast

“The unifying theme across our portfolio is that whatever a company we invest in is building can make a population-level health impact. For us, that means that what they're doing is going to lead to innovation that is ultimately accessible to huge portions of the global population,” says Gurdane Bhutani, co-founder and managing partner of MBX Capital, a venture capital partnership dedicated to investing in early-stage companies focused on big public health problems. As he explains to host Shiv Gaglani, that ambitious mission is focused on three main themes: accumulated environmental exposure (exposome), biosecurity and biodefense, and healthcare infrastructure. “The majority of disease pathogenesis today is environmental in nature, not genetic. So we're looking at companies that are developing exposomic sequencing technologies that help us better understand these environmental exposures.” One such company is using human-relevant tissue models to test for environmental contaminants. Others include a nurse scheduling platform and a firm that’s localizing radiology systems for underdeveloped areas. Bhutani has a track record of investing in interesting and impactful companies in healthcare (in fact, he was an early backer of Osmosis!) so you won’t want to miss his insightful perspective on promising ideas for improving health and healthcare systems.Mentioned in this episode: https://www.mbxcapital.com/ If you like this podcast, please share it on your social channels. You can also subscribe to the series and check out all of our episodes at www.osmosis.org/podcast