Do you really know?

What is de-extinction? The process of de-extinction is all about bringing extinct species back to life. It became known in the 2010s, thanks to an ambitious plan from American geneticist George Church, who dreamed of resurrecting the woolly mammoth, an animal which has been extinct for 3700 years. Fast forward to the 2020s and Church’s bioscience startup Colossal is now eding closer towards making that a reality. As of March 2022, Colossal announced that it had raised a total of $75M for the project. Is it really possible to revive extinct animal species? Why would we want to bring extinct species back to life? How is the idea of de-extinction being received by the scientific community? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What are happy hormones? What is erectile dysfunction? Who are Arcade Fire? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is negationism? Historical negationism refers to the practice of manipulating historical records to deny that certain events happened, or distort the narrative around them. The term is relatively recent, having been coined by French historian Henry Rousso in 1987, relating to Holocaust Denial. Six million Jews were murdered by the Nazi regime during the Second World War. Holocaust denial is certainly one of the most well-known and common examples of negationism. But similar distortion strategies have been seen relating to other genocides and war crimes across the world. Negationism is a crime in some countries like Germany, while elsewhere the approach is more cautious, due to questions about freedom of speech. Other laws can apply to negationist statements, if they are also of a hateful or discriminatory nature. So what exactly does negationism look like? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: Who are Arcade Fire? What is Frontex? What is Web 3.0? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What are happy hormones? A recent scientific brief from the World Health Organisation, explained that anxiety and depression had increased by 25% worldwide over the first year of the Covid 19 pandemic. The massive rise was mostly down to social isolation and multiple stress factors like fear of infection and financial worries. It’s important to know that we can actually control our mood to some extent. It’s possible to boost our so-called happy hormones in natural ways, by opting for specific foods, activities and behaviours. So how can we stimulate the production of these hormones and neurotransmitters? Why do they say that oxytocin is the love hormone? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: Who are Arcade Fire? Who are Rammstein? What is Frontex? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

From 2nd to 8th May 2022, it's time to unplug for the annual Screen Free Week celebration. All around the world, people are encouraged to limit their screen time and turn their devices off in favour of other activities. Do You Really Know is rerunning a series of episodes dedicated to the digital world and its impact on our lives. What is a sedentary lifestyle? A sedentary lifestyle is one which involves little or no physical activity. It’s one of the major global health issues of the 21st century, as it is an underlying cause of death, disease and disability. It’s estimated that each year over 300,000 premature deaths are caused by obesity and sedentary lifestyles, just in the United States. Screen time spent in front of a computer or TV is often a good indicator of how inactive a person is. When we sit down, our muscles don’t perform the important contractions our bodies need to clear glucose and fats from our blood. This in turn increases the risk of diabetes or heart problems. Why are we living a sedentary lifestyle ? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions ! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is the Streisand effect? What is antibiotic-free meat? What is a migraine? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is erectile dysfunction? As many as six in ten men have experienced erection problems over the course of their life. And that proportion has been on the rise in the last fifteen years, according to a study released by IFOP in April 2019. It’s also known as impotence, and is a big health taboo among men. Erectile dysfunction is often linked to cardiovascular risk factors, so it’s important to consult a doctor if affected. Furthermore, it can impact relationships, sometimes due to misunderstandings about the cause of the problem. The good news is it can be addressed with lifestyle changes, as we’ll discuss in a minute. How do erections actually work? So why might that mechanism not work in some people? What about psychological or emotional factors? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: Who are Arcade Fire? Who are Rammstein? What is Frontex? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

From 2nd to 8th May 2022, it's time to unplug for the annual Screen Free Week celebration. All around the world, people are encouraged to limit their screen time and turn their devices off in favour of other activities. Do You Really Know is rerunning a series of episodes dedicated to the digital world and its impact on our lives. What is CryptoParty? The internet has become a massive part of our daily lives. But the space is also heavily monitored by tech giants for commercial purposes and by the authorities for political purposes. Email addresses, geolocations, online purchases, photos, friends’ contact details… our personal data is a real gold mine for Big Tech. It’s become a lucrative business that raises privacy concerns and tampers with our lifestyles and consumption patterns. Can you tell me more? Let’s cut to the chase: how can we protect our data online? Does the movement have branches in other parts of the world? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is the Streisand effect? What is antibiotic-free meat? What is a migraine? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Who are Arcade Fire? We, the new album from Arcade Fire, was released today, 6th May 2022. Let’s take the opportunity to talk about the renowned Canadian indie rock band. Their story may have started out as a family affair, when the band formed in Montreal in the early 2000s. But with time, they worked their way up to gaining international recognition as one of the best bands in the world. What do you mean a family affair? What about their live shows? What should we expect from Arcade Fire in the near future? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: Who are Rammstein? What is Frontex? What is Web 3.0? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

From 2nd to 8th May 2022, it's time to unplug for the annual Screen Free Week celebration. All around the world, people are encouraged to limit their screen time and turn their devices off in favour of other activities. Do You Really Know is rerunning a series of episodes dedicated to the digital world and its impact on our lives. What is computer vision syndrome? From our smartphone screens first thing in the morning to an evening spent in front of the TV, electronic visual displays are an inescapable part of our daily routines. In the middle, many have a 9 to 5 job sat in front of a desktop, not to mention checking social media or playing games to speed up the daily commute. Computer vision syndrome refers to eye strain caused by overuse of electronic screens. The whole eye is affected by this strain, leading to symptoms like headaches, back and neck pains, blurred vision and the inability to focus. How does it affect our lives? And what can we do to reduce the impact of this syndrome? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions ! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is the Streisand effect? What is antibiotic-free meat? What is a migraine? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Who are Rammstein? Even if guitar riffs and guttural vocals aren’t really your thing, the name Rammstein must ring a bill. The band are the most listened to German musical artists in the world, and an institution in mainstream industrial metal. In under three decades, they’ve sold 35 million albums and it seems like it’s not over yet. As of 29th April 2022, Rammstein are back with their eighth studio album, called Zeit, which means time in German. It was largely written during a Covid-19 lockdown and recorded in France. What does Rammstein mean in English? It must be rare for a German singing band to succeed overseas, mustn’t it? What do you mean? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is Frontex? What is Web 3.0? What is a home exchange? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Who was Marilyn Monroe? To mark 60 years since the Hollywood icon’s death, Netflix has released The Mystery of Marilyn Monroe: The Unheard Tapes. The documentary uses archival content and previously unseen interviews to shed further light on the story of Monroe, a woman whose life and death continue to fascinate to this day. Was she destined to be a star from a young age? Was Marilyn Monroe really the naive blonde she’s portrayed as? Was Marilyn Monroe a feminist icon? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is Frontex? What is Web 3.0? What is a home exchange? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

From 2nd to 8th May 2022, it's time to unplug for the annual Screen Free Week celebration. All around the world, people are encouraged to limit their screen time and turn their devices off in favour of other activities. Do You Really Know is rerunning a series of episodes dedicated to the digital world and its impact on our lives. What is captology? Getting internet users’ attention and influencing their online behaviour is a massive priority for Big Tech companies in this day and age. Behind their practices is captology, a term invented in 1996 by American researcher BJ Fogg. It might make you think of the word “capture” at first, but it actually comes from the initials of “Computers As Persuasive Technologies”. The idea was to study the link between digital tool design and the resulting impact on individuals’ behaviour. Captology has often been cited as a source of inspiration for Silicon Valley entrepreneurs. To such an extent that its definition has evolved to describe all kinds of techniques used by internet giants to grab users’ attention, and make them addicted. Coronavirus lockdowns haven’t helped and the stats are there to back it up. A global study by analytics company App Annie found the average daily time spent using a smartphone in 2020 was 4 hours and 10 minutes. That’s crazy! So what are the secrets behind captology then? Is captology dangerous then? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is the Streisand effect? What is antibiotic-free meat? What is a migraine? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is Frontex? The end of last week saw the resignation of Frontex director Fabrice Leggeri. It’s not the first time the European Border and Coast Guard Agency has made headlines for the wrong reasons. This time it’s relating to complicity in illegal pushbacks of asylum seekers. An investigation report is expected soon and its French head Leggeri decided to jump before being pushed, after initial findings were released and didn’t look favourable. How did Frontex grow to be such an important entity? Why don’t EU countries just look after their own borders? How good a job does Frontex do at protecting European borders? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is Web 3.0? What is a home exchange? What is the Tower of Babel? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

From 2nd to 8th May 2022, it's time to unplug for the annual Screen Free Week celebration. All around the world, people are encouraged to limit their screen time and turn their devices off in favour of other activities. Do You Really Know is rerunning a series of episodes dedicated to the digital world and its impact on our lives. What is doomscrolling? The more bad news we hear, the more we tend to get consumed by social media feeds, incessantly scrolling through our apps. Americans have come up with a term for that phenomenon: doomscrolling. Spoiler alert: it’s not the best for your mental health. So why do we doomscroll then ? How can we balance this against the need to stay informed? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions ! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is the Streisand effect? What is antibiotic-free meat? What is a migraine? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is Web 3.0? The future of the internet is the subject of much discussion, and there’s excitement about the emergence of Web 3.0. It has given high hopes to those who feel we need a decentralised, more transparent internet! When the internet was first developed, it took the form of websites with static ergonomy, which weren’t linked between one another. That was back in the 1990s, and researchers called this stage Web 1. The main purpose was circulating information via Wikipedia, emails and online media websites. What does that all mean in concrete terms? Are we talking about a more secure internet then? What are the main limitations of Web 3.0 in its current form? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is the PKK? What is the Tower of Babel? What is the Streisand effect? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

From 2nd to 8th May 2022, it's time to unplug for the annual Screen Free Week celebration. All around the world, people are encouraged to limit their screen time and turn their devices off in favour of other activities. Do You Really Know is rerunning a series of episodes dedicated to the digital world and its impact on our lives. What is a digital detox? A digital detox is a period of time when a person chooses to limit their use of computers and mobile devices. The aim is to reduce the stress that can be generated by technology and spend time concentrating on real-world social interactions instead. Digital detoxes are certainly in vogue - even the major internet companies are promoting it, despite the obvious role they play in facilitating our online habits. What are the benefits of digital detox? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions ! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is the Streisand effect? What is antibiotic-free meat? What is a migraine? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What are the Puppy Blues? You’ve no doubt already heard of the baby blues, a nice-sounding euphemism for the rather unpleasant postpartum depression. Well, some new pet owners have started talking of puppy blues in the same way, to describe the sadness they sometimes feel after adopting a new furry companion. The puppy blues might be behind increased animal abandonment rates during the summer. Additionally, Fortune magazine reported a week ago that many Americans are surrendering their pets now the time has come to return to the office. What is it like having the puppy blues? What can I do to get more confident about being a pet owner? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What are blue zones? What is Niksen? What is Pop-It? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is a home exchange? If you’re the kind of person that plans ahead, you’ve probably already got your summer holidays booked months ahead of time. Nevertheless, holidays are always pricey, with Europeans spending an average budget of €1600 over the last 3 years according to Statista. For those of us who are lucky enough to be able to travel, let’s not take it for granted. It’s a privilege, which some people unfortunately can’t afford. However, there are alternatives for those on a shoestring budget. Well, if I’m broke I can’t go anywhere can I? It must take a lot of organisation, mustn’t it? How can I organise my first home exchange? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is the PKK? What is the Tower of Babel? What is the Streisand effect? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is the PKK? On 19th April, Turkey launched Operation Claw Lock, an air and ground military offensive against PKK forces, in the North of Iraq. The Turkish defence minister justified the country’s actions, saying that the PKK was planning a large-scale attack against Turkey. However, the Iraqi president Barham Salih criticised Operation Claw Lock, calling it a threat to his country’s national security. Such military operations have been common for forty years now, since the PKK began its rebellion against the Turkish state. When was the PKK organisation founded and what are its goals? Where is Kurdistan actually situated? How has the PKK tried to achieve its aims? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is the Tower of Babel? What is the Streisand effect? What is antibiotic-free meat? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is the Tower of Babel? The subject of today’s episode is often referred to when people aren’t able to understand one another. It’s an origin myth which comes from the book of Genesis in the Bible. Who wrote about the Tower of Babel? Did the Tower of Babel really exist? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is the Streisand effect? What is antibiotic-free meat? What is a migraine? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is induced lactation? Induced lactation refers to the production of breast milk in non-gestational parents. That’s right, a woman who hasn’t ever been pregnant can still breastfeed their child using this method. Sounds complicated? Well it is, but it’s not impossible, and it can allow adoptive or surrogate mothers to breastfeed if they desire. What about men? Could they also lactate and breastfeed? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen the last episodes, you can click here: What is a Bullshit job? What is Pornhub? What are tiny forests? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is the Streisand effect? Entertainment icon Barbra Streisand celebrated her 80th birthday on 24th April 2022. The actress, director, producer and musician has been in the public eye since the age of 20 and belongs to a very select group known as EGOT winners. That means she’s won an Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar and a Tony. Her dazzling career has seen her sell over 150 million albums worldwide, and accumulate wealth of $635M, according to a 2021 estimate. SON - cash register She’s also had a media phenomenon named after her: the Streisand effect. How did that come to happen? What’s the psychology behind the Streisand effect? What are some prominent examples? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is antibiotic-free meat? What is a migraine? What is deep ecology? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is antibiotic-free meat? You may not have realised, but when you’re eating a chicken leg or steak, you may also be consuming antibiotics. That’s still the case despite a growing trend of not using antibiotics, due to the dangers posed by antibiorestistance. Recent research by Food ID found that animals at some American livestock farms tested positive for antibiotics, despite having been labelled as “Raised without Antibiotics”. The findings, which were published in Science magazine, have called into question labelling programs and are a reminder that it’s hard to be sure exactly what’s in the food we eat. How do antibiotics end up in food anyway? How serious are the health risks? Aren’t there rules to limit the use of antibiotics in livestock animals? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is a migraine? What is deep ecology? What is Seinfeld? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is the Chernobyl exclusion zone? It’s just over 36 years since the worst nuclear disaster in history. On April 26th 1986, reactor number 4 at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant exploded. Following the accident, an exclusion zone of around 1,000m2 was established by the Soviet army. It covers the areas most affected by radioactive contamination, including the city Prypiat situated 2 miles away. Built in the 1970s to house workers from the nuclear plant, it was seen as a model Soviet metropolis, but became a ghost town when its 50,000 inhabitants were evacuated. Does the exclusion zone still exist today? So can humans go inside the Chernobyl exclusion zone nowadays? What about temporary visits? Will people be able to live in Chernobyl again one day? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is the insider-outsider theory? What is stalkerware? Who is Alexei Navalny? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is a migraine? These pulsing headaches are known for affecting quality of life in a high number of people. They’re one of the most common disorders in the world, with the WHO suggesting at least 1 in 7 people have migraines across the world. If you’re lucky enough not to get migraines, don't underestimate how debilitating they can be for some people. They’re far from being simple headaches. What's the difference then? How are migraines treated? Are there any options which don’t involve taking medication? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is deep ecology? What is Seinfeld? What is a troll farm? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is critical thinking? Critical thinking is the intellectual process of evaluating information, thinking clearly and rationally as a guide to belief and action. You could see it as an attitude whereby no statement or piece of information is accepted as true or false, without first being carefully analysed. Simplistic conflations, generalisations and preconceptions are all challenged, as is any kind of statement made without evidence. Critical thinking has its roots in the teachings of ancient Greek philosophers Socrates and Plato. Throughout history, philosophers like Francis Bacon, René Descartes and Emmanuel Kant have used it to create the basis for methodical thought. So how do I go about becoming a critical thinker then? What about religion? Surely it can’t be possible for religious beliefs and critical thinking to coexist, can it? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is the postpartum period? What is ketamine? What is burnout? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is The Office? It has gained revived popularity since the dawn of the streaming era, becoming the most watched series on Netflix US in 2020, with 57 billion minutes streamed. But the Office was already a new generation sitcom classic well before making its way onto the platform. The first episode was released on NBC back in May 2005. What made The Office stand out? How did the US version go on to be so successful? What about the other characters? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is Seinfeld? What is a troll farm? What is the perineum? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is deep ecology? Today is Earth Day, so let’s talk about a philosophy that promotes the worth of all living beings on our planet, regardless of whether they cater to our human needs. Deep ecology was theorised by Norwegian philosopher Arne Naess in the 1970. He published his original paper on the subject in a 1973 edition of Inquiry journal. The article was entitled “The Shallow and the Deep, Long-Range Ecology Movements: A Summary.” It introduced the deep ecology philosophy, and distinguished it from what Naess called shallow environmentalism. Isn’t trying to fight against pollution and the depletion of natural resources a good thing? Is deep ecology a militant movement? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is Seinfeld? What is a troll farm? What is the perineum? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Earth Day falls on 22nd April, and to mark this important date, Do You Really Know is rerunning a series of episodes about environmental issues affecting our planet. Let's take a refresher on some of the terms and concepts you need to be familiar with, in order to understand climate change. Happy listening! What is solastalgia? Solastalgia is the distress we feel when our local environment is transformed, mainly due to climate change. These transformations can have an effect on people’s mental health. So are we all doomed to suffer from solastalgia as the earth’s temperature rises? Climate change is so omnipresent in our daily lives, that it can create a certain anxiety. For some people, this gets so intense that they become depressed, like Greta Thunberg after watching a documentary on polar bears. All over the world, climate-related anxiety is increasing. In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen the last episodes, you can click here: What is environmental racism? What are plant milks? Who is Scrooge McDuck? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is Seinfeld? Let’s talk about American TV’s most lucrative sitcom ever, a show which generated over $3bn. To give you some more numbers, it lasted 9 years from 1989 through to 1998, taking in 9 seasons and 180 twenty-three minute episodes. A 2012 poll by Vanity Fair magazine declared Seinfeld the best sitcom of all time, but in Europe, it has never managed to match the success and popularity of other American sitcoms like Friends or How I met your mother. So what’s the show about? Why is it such a cult hit? Why didn’t Seinfeld succeed outside of the United States? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is a troll farm? What is the perineum? Who is Rosalia? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is environmental amnesia? Why are we so slow to become aware of climate change and act against it? The explanation may lie in our brains, which are affected by environmental amnesia. This term was invented in 1999 by American psychologist Peter H. Khan. He theorised that humans were forgetting the history of the environment, or more accurately becoming used to its degradation from generation to generation. I guess it’s hard to ‘forget’ something you’ve never seen yourself! So why does this happen then? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen the last episodes, you can click here: What is environmental racism? What are plant milks? Who is Scrooge McDuck? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is a troll farm? Trolls have been around for as long as the internet, but in recent years they've been getting professionalised. Indeed, companies have actually been set up with the specific aim of creating and spreading fake news online. Such organisations are known as troll farms or troll factories, and Russia has been home to some of the most prominent. Based in the city of St Petersburg, its Internet Research Agency is perhaps the most well-known and influential in the world. More worrying still, these keyboard armies often operate at the behest of governments, for propaganda purposes. Needless to say, since the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February, troll farms have been highly active in spreading disinformation. When did troll farms first appear? How did we find out about the Internet Research Agency's actions? How do troll farms operate? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is the perineum? Who is Rosalia? What is deepfake democracy? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Earth Day falls on 22nd April, and to mark this important date, Do You Really Know is rerunning a series of episodes about environmental issues affecting our planet. Let's take a refresher on some of the terms and concepts you need to be familiar with, in order to understand climate change. Happy listening! What is the Green New Deal? The Green New Deal is a proposed package of legislation in the United States, designed to tackle climate change. It was introduced by Democrats and could revolutionise the American economy, if it is ever put into practice. If the name “Green New Deal” sounds familiar, it’s likely because it refers to President Roosevelt’s New Deal of the 1930s. That consisted of a series of public works programs and financial reforms, aiming to revive the economy in response to the Great Depression of 1929. To listen the last episodes, you can click here: What is environmental racism? What are plant milks? Who is Scrooge McDuck? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is the perineum? The perineum is a surface region of the body which stretches from the pubic arch to the coccyx. It's actually kind of like a hammock, in that it supports our organs, including the rectum and bladder, as well as the vagina and uterus for women. It's also useful at absorbing impact. When it's fully functional, the perineum tenses and relaxes like any muscle. The problem is it tends to get weaker and droop downwards as we get older, or in other specific cases, like after a pregnancy, or if a person has chronic constipation. There are also risk factors to bear in mind, including being overweight, having allergies or asthma, and regularly carrying heavy loads. How can I know if my perineum is losing its tone? Well I’m in good shape, so I shouldn’t have to worry about my perineum, should I? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: Who is Rosalia? What is deepfake democracy? What is environmental racism? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Earth Day falls on 22nd April, and to mark this important date, Do You Really Know is rerunning a series of episodes about environmental issues affecting our planet. Let's take a refresher on some of the terms and concepts you need to be familiar with, in order to understand climate change. Happy listening! What is an ecocide? An ecocide is a term for an act that causes significant damage to the environment or ecosystems. It comes from the Greek word éoikios, meaning home, and the Latin word caedere, meaning kill. In theory individuals, companies and states could be brought to justice for committing such acts. It’s not recognised as a crime in many places, but France is currently looking at passing a law to do just that. The term was first used in the early 1970s in response to strategic deforestation by the American military in Vietnam, carried out with a herbicide called Agent Orange. This was used as a chemical weapon to destroy the forest cover and food resources relied on by Vietnamese guerilla fighters. So what’s caused the French to consider making ecocide a crime? What’s going on elsewhere then? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen the last episodes, you can click here: What is IQ? What is Fintech? What is GAFAM? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is melatonin? The hormone melatonin is produced naturally by the body at nighttime, in response to darkness. It's nicknamed the sleep hormone due to its role in our Circadian rhythm, getting us ready to go to sleep in the evening. It's secreted by the pineal gland, located at the back of the brain, and then released into the bloodstream. In the morning, another hormone called cortisol takes over and transitions us into wakefulness. Can't you also get melatonin supplements? Great; I’m off to the pharmacy then! In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: Who is Rosalia? What is deepfake democracy? What is environmental racism? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Earth Day falls on 22nd April, and to mark this important date, Do You Really Know is rerunning a series of episodes about environmental issues affecting our planet. Let's take a refresher on some of the terms and concepts you need to be familiar with, in order to understand climate change. Happy listening! What is biomass? Biomass is organic matter, mainly coming from plants or animals, used for energy production. European governments consider biomass to be the world’s main source of renewable energy. But some NGOs have refused to agree that biomass is green energy. If petrol is liable to disappear, have we finally found a sustainable alternative? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen the last episodes, you can click here: What is environmental racism? What are plant milks? Who is Scrooge McDuck? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Earth Day falls on 22nd April, and to mark this important date, Do You Really Know is rerunning a series of episodes about environmental issues affecting our planet. Let's take a refresher on some of the terms and concepts you need to be familiar with, in order to understand climate change. Happy listening! What is carbon footprint? Postponed for a year because of Covid-19, COP26 meets in Scotland from October 31 to November 12. A carbon footprint is the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted by the energy and raw material consumption of a person, organisation or event. It is measured in the volume of CO2 emitted. Per capita emissions in the USA are estimated at around 16 tons per year. That includes CO2 produced directly by an individual’s household, and emissions created by products they consume. The rough split is 70/30 between the two. It’s a bit of a vague calculation though, isn’t it? But it must be pretty darn difficult to place an accurate value on the impact of all living beings in a country? How can I reduce my own footprint? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is the metaverse? What is Netflix? What is Tinder? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is war rape? In a report published on 3rd April, international NGO Human Rights Watch made allegations of "war crimes" carried out by Russian soldiers against civilians in occupied areas of Ukraine. These included executions, violence, threats and war rape, which is the subject of today’s episode. Since the start of the war, accounts have begun to emerge, with the truth being brought to light by victims and witnesses. A woman from a village near to Kharkiv told how she had been beaten, cut with a knife and repeatedly raped by a Russian soldier. Why does war lead to more rapes? How far back do the first records of war rape go? How is war rape punished? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: Who is Rosalia? What is deepfake democracy? What is environmental racism? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Earth Day falls on 22nd April, and to mark this important date, Do You Really Know is rerunning a series of episodes about environmental issues affecting our planet. Let's take a refresher on some of the terms and concepts you need to be familiar with, in order to understand climate change. Happy listening! What is carbon neutrality? All over the world, states are committing to reaching carbon neutrality in coming decades. That means achieving net zero CO2 emissions, by not emitting more than what planet Earth is able to absorb. If humanity doesn’t manage it, climate change could quickly become irreversible. We’re already feeling the effects of global warming through heatwaves, rising water levels, flooding, mudslides and loss of biodiversity. And it’s only just getting started, unless humanity manages to follow the IPCC’s recommendations to limit global warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. That’s what 195 countries signed up for with the 2016 Paris Agreement. One of the main ways of meeting that target is through carbon neutrality. Does that mean we’ll totally stop emitting CO2? How close are we to reaching that balance right now? That’s a lot of work to do, in not a lot of time! How on earth are we going to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050? ? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen the last episodes, you can click here: What is a non-essential shop? What are incels? What is blasphemy? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Who is Rosalia? Following the release of her latest album Motomami, Rosalia Vila Tobella was called a visionary and compared to artists like M.I.A. and Madonna by the Wall Street Journal. It’s fair to say she seems destined to be one of the biggest pop stars of her generation. So let’s take a moment to discuss the career of a singer who is winning critical and popular acclaim with everything she does. How did she get to where she is today? Well, where do you go from there huh?! In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is deepfake democracy? What is environmental racism? What are plant milks? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is deepfake democracy? On 9th March, opposition leader Yoon Suk Yeol won the 2022 South Korean presidential election. His campaign stood out through a fascinating and creative use of deepfake technology. Think back to our previous episode on the subject of deepfakes. You’ll remember it’s an online media technique which consists of creating realistic but fake visual content through deep learning and artificial intelligence. How was it used in Yoon’s campaign? Was the strategy behind Yoon’s success in the election? Could it also be a threat to democracy? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is dissociative identity disorder? What is environmental racism? What are plant milks? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is dissociative identity disorder? Still to this day, this psychological condition is most often referred to by its previous name: multiple personality disorder. That’s in particular down to exaggerated representations in popular culture like books, TV or cinema. Some prominent examples are the story of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, Alfred Hitchcock’s Psycho or, more recently, Split. Experts have criticised the use of DID as a plot device in such representations, saying they often confuse it with other disorders like psychosis or schizophrenia. They also perpetuate certain myths about people with mental illnesses. These include the idea that they are usually dangerous or have flamboyant personalities. So what is DID really like then? Doesn’t that happen to everyone? Where does it come from? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is environmental racism? What are plant milks? Who is Scrooge McDuck? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is environmental racism? We’ve covered a lot of environmental issues on Do You Really Know? so regular listeners will be well aware of how the climate crisis is affecting the whole planet. But it’s important to also note how these problems don’t affect everyone equally. People in developing countries, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere, are already feeling the impact on their income, physical health and surrounding environment. That’s despite industrialised countries having contributed far more to global warming overall. What kind of environmental problems are we talking about exactly? Do you have any concrete examples? What about on an international level? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What are plant milks? Who is Scrooge McDuck? What is permafrost? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What are plant milks? Plant milks have been all the rage for a number of years now, and they’re gradually taking up more and more space on supermarket shelves, to the detriment of animal milks. In 2020, British shoppers spent £100m more on plant milks compared to the previous year, according to research from Mintel. That was a rise of over 30%, demonstrating their growing popularity. But these products aren’t really milks, are they? Are they really better from a nutritional point of view? Is it true that plant milks are better for the environment? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: Who is Scrooge McDuck? What is permafrost? What is survivalism? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is HAARP ? The acronym HAARP stands for High Frequency Auroral Research Program. It’s an American research project dedicated to analysing the ionosphere. HAARP is funded by the American armed forces, and has been the target of conspiracy theorists since the 1990s. They believe the program is responsible for natural disasters and mind-controlling radio waves. The ionmmm osphere is a layer of the Earth’s upper atmosphere, from around 37 miles to 620 miles in altitude. Its characteristics are complex and varied due to solar activity. It is of interest to scientists studying the atmosphere, as well as armed forces, as it plays an important role in radio wave propagation. In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: Who are the Red Hot Chili Peppers? What is survivalism? What is Swedish neutrality? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is hay fever? The start of spring is often synonymous with the appearance of hay fever and you may have already started feeling the first signs. Also known as seasonal allergic rhinitis, it’s caused by exposure to certain pollen in the air. Hay fever affects over 15% of the population according to New Scientist magazine, and incidence has reached as high as 30% among adults in the UK. Furthermore, it seems to be becoming more and more common, due to factors like global warming and atmospheric pollution which are increasing pollen concentration. How can you recognise hay fever? What can be done to reduce symptoms? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: Who is Scrooge McDuck? What is permafrost? What is survivalism? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Who is Scrooge McDuck? In 2022, the richest, brightest and wiliest of all ducks is celebrating the 75th anniversary of his creation. Uncle Scrooge is one of the most well-known Disney characters, and brings back childhood memories of watching cartoons for many of us. What's so unique about Scrooge McDuck? When did Disney create the Scrooge character? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: Who are the Red Hot Chili Peppers? What is survivalism? What is Swedish neutrality? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is permafrost? Permafrost is ground that remains frozen for two years or more. It’s made up of soil, rocks and sand, and held together by ice. In some places, this ground layer formed over 100,000 years ago, and can reach several miles in depth. Around 24% of land in the Northern Hemisphere has permafrost underneath it, according to the US National Snow and Ice Data Center. It’s mostly found in Arctic countries, in places like Russia, Canada and Alaska. As planet Earth’s climate warms, this permafrost is thawing, an alarming situation which is already having a dramatic impact. What’s happening to the permafrost then? How does that affect the rest of us who don’t live in those regions? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is survivalism? What is Swedish neutrality? What is the Ukrainian International Legion? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Who are the Red Hot Chili Peppers? With their new album Unlimited Love having been released on 1st April, let’s talk about the famous Californian funk rock group. The band has cited many influences, and they have been associated with a number of musical genres, including funk rock, alternative rock and rap rock. The Red Hot Chili Peppers unique style is precisely one of their distinctive characteristics. So where does the name come from? Why did the band members change so often? How would you describe the Red Hot Chili Peppers musical style? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is Swedish neutrality? What is the Ukrainian International Legion? Who is Sonic? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What is survivalism? This social movement is all about proactively preparing for a wide range of emergencies. You could call it a pessimistic outlook, thinking it’s necessary to prepare for the worst. But there are more and more survivalists out there, with profiles and political views that vary radically. Survivalism first emerged in 1960s America, when against the backdrop of the Cold War, and the apparent threat of nuclear conflict between the United States and Russia. Many books on survival were published, some of which went on to become bestsellers. Economic crises and major tragedies only led to the movement growing further through to the early 2000s. Are survivalists those weirdos who lock themselves up in bunkers armed to the teeth with weapons? Are we really going to put all those people in the same basket? In under 3 minutes, we answer your questions! To listen to the last episodes, you can click here: What is Swedish neutrality? What is the Ukrainian International Legion? Who is Sonic? A podcast written and realised by Joseph Chance. In partnership with upday UK. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices