Sadler's Lectures

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th Century American science-fiction short story writer and novelist, Philip K. Dick's novel The Man In The High Castle It focuses specifically on the alternative history world that is the setting for the work, one in which the Axis powers of Germany, Japan, and Italy won World War 2 against France, Britain, and the USSR, and then attacked the United States. In this one, we look at the Japanese Empire, Co-Prosperity Sphere, and Pacific States of America, the German Third Reich and its satellites countries, and the neutral nations such as the Rocky Mountain States, Sweden, and Canada. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler You can get a copy of Man In The High Castle here - https://amzn.to/45yJ2ie

This lecture discusses the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle' work, the Poetics, focusing on his discussion near the end of the work focused upon the question whether tragedy or epic is superior as a poetic genre. Aristotle argues that tragedy is the superior genre. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Poetics - amzn.to/3UcswRY

This lecture discusses the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle' work, the Poetics, focusing on his views on what by his time had come to be called "problems" (problemata) mainly of criticism and their "solutions" (luseis) when it comes to poetry, particularly epic poetry. Aristotle's view is that many of these can be addressed by looking carefully at the language and the meanings in passages or compositions that are being criticized. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Poetics - amzn.to/3UcswRY

This lecture discusses the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle' work, the Poetics, focusing on his discussion of Epic poetry, including what elements it shares with tragedy, what makes it good, and why Homer is the paradigm for excellent epic poetry To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Poetics - amzn.to/3UcswRY

This lecture discusses the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle' work, the Poetics, focusing on his discussion about the fourth dimension of tragedy, lexis, generally translated as "diction" or "style". Aristotle provides some guidelines for how to produce excellence in lexis in tragedy and epic poetry. This involves balancing the needs of clarity and non-banality in the language one selects, which in turn requires judicious incorporation of metaphor and loan words, as well as lengthening and shortening the words one uses. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Poetics - amzn.to/3UcswRY

This lecture discusses the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle' work, the Poetics, focusing on his discussion of lexis, usually translated as "diction" or "style", which is the fourth of six dimensions of tragedy that he identifies, and also quite important for epic poetry as well. After an initial discussion of modes of language, Aristotle distinguishes a number of parts of lexis, including element, syllable, connective, noun, verb, inflection, and statement. He also discusses the nature and uses of metaphors and neologisms To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Poetics - amzn.to/3UcswRY

This lecture discusses the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle' work, the Poetics, focusing on his short history of the development of tragedy as a dramatic form until its main potential has been realized, focusing on multiple aspects of its ongoing development across generations of tragedians To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Poetics - amzn.to/3UcswRY

This lecture discusses the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle' work, the Poetics, focusing on his discussion of the development of modes of poetic works, including comedy, tragedy, epic, dithyramb, among others. Aristotle explains that these develop out of the human capacity for mimesis or imitation, an aspect in which human beings excel other animals To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Aristotle's Poetics - amzn.to/3UcswRY

This lecture discusses key ideas from the mid-20th century symposium on falsification and theology called the "University Discussion" which can be found in the volume New Essays in Philosophical Theology It focuses specifically on Flew's last contribution to the symposium, in which he discusses whether Hare's and Mitchell's suggested parables and interpretations really do provide an adequate response to his concerns about the "death by a thousand qualifications" of assertions and explanations in religious language. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase New Essays in Philosophical Theology - https://amzn.to/3ZAputg

This lecture discusses key ideas from the mid-20th century symposium on falsification and theology called the "University Discussion" which can be found in the volume New Essays in Philosophical Theology It focuses specifically on a third parable, the agent who the resistance fighter meets, that Mitchell offers as an analogy to what goes on with religious believers when they encounter situations that suggest that there either is no God or that God does not care sufficiently about human suffering. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase New Essays in Philosophical Theology - https://amzn.to/3ZAputg

This lecture discusses key ideas from the mid-20th century symposium on falsification and theology called the "University Discussion" which can be found in the volume New Essays in Philosophical Theology It focuses specifically on Hare's response to the challenge that Flew articulated about the "death by a thousand qualifications" when people make statements using religious language. Hare proposes a different parable, one in which a person has an insane point of view (a "blik") about dons wanting to kill him. Hare argues that we have bliks about all sorts of matters and that these are not explanations but rather what underlie explanations To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase New Essays in Philosophical Theology - https://amzn.to/3ZAputg

This lecture discusses key ideas from the mid-20th century symposium on falsification and theology called the "University Discussion" which can be found in the volume New Essays in Philosophical Theology It focuses specifically on Anthony Flew's first contribution to the discussion, which starts with a revised version of John Wisdom's parable of the invisible gardener from his article Gods. Flew argues that much modern theological discourse, in so far as it consists in genuine assertions, risks "death by a thousand qualifications". To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase New Essays in Philosophical Theology - https://amzn.to/3ZAputg

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosopher Karl Popper's article "Towards A Rational Theory Of Tradition", found in his book Conjectures and Refutations. It focuses specifically on his discussion of the various social functions that traditions play in human life, a significant part of which is to provide predictability. Popper also discusses why utopian and idealist plans to erase current conditions of society and start anew are bound to fail To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Popper's Conjectures and Refutations - https://amzn.to/4dFvJjA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosopher Karl Popper's article "Towards A Rational Theory Of Tradition", found in his book Conjectures and Refutations. It focuses specifically on his distinction between traditions and institutions within social life, and how individuals interact with and are often conditioned by both of them To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Popper's Conjectures and Refutations - https://amzn.to/4dFvJjA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosopher Karl Popper's article "Towards A Rational Theory Of Tradition", found in his book Conjectures and Refutations. It focuses specifically on what he thinks the key tasks of social science or theory are. Among these are studying the unintended and often undesired consequences of human choices, actions, and policies. Another important task is to examine not just social groups and institutions but also traditions, to determine what their social functions and workings are To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Popper's Conjectures and Refutations - https://amzn.to/4dFvJjA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosopher Karl Popper's article "Towards A Rational Theory Of Tradition", found in his book Conjectures and Refutations. It focuses specifically on his discussion of how science develops historically. Popper does not think that observation and the "scientific method" taught in classes and textbooks is really at the core of what science is and how it develops. Instead, what sustains it is a critical tradition that involves discussion about whether accounts are accurate, coherent, and defensible, along with revision of accounts in light of that discussion To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Popper's Conjectures and Refutations - https://amzn.to/4dFvJjA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosopher Karl Popper's article "Towards A Rational Theory Of Tradition", found in his book Conjectures and Refutations. It focuses specifically on the differing attitudes towards tradition that he distinguishes. These include an uncritical acceptance and advocacy of tradition but also a type of rationalism uncritically hostile to tradition that doesn't realize that rationalism and science themselves figure into a tradition. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Popper's Conjectures and Refutations - https://amzn.to/4dFvJjA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient Stoic philosopher Seneca's work, On Anger, book 3 It focuses specifically on his advice that, if we want to better deal with our emotional response of anger, place it into perspective by considering our own mortality as human beings. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Seneca's On Anger - amzn.to/3smh6M8

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient Stoic philosopher Seneca's work, On Anger, book 2 It focuses specifically on his discussion of famous people who showed restraint and thoughtfulness in relation to their own anger, keeping it under rational control. These include statesmen and political leaders like Antigonus and Philip of Macedon, Augustus Caesar, and Cato the younger, and philosophers like Plato and Diogenes the Stoic. These people provide us with helpful examples which we can model ourselves after To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Seneca's On Anger - amzn.to/3smh6M8

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient Stoic philosopher Seneca's work, On Anger, book 2 It focuses specifically on his discussion of famous people who manage their anger badly, providing us with examples of how not to behave. These include Persian kings like Cyrus, Cambyses, Darius, and Xerxes, Greeks such as Alexander of Macedon, and Romans like Sulla and Caligula To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Seneca's On Anger - amzn.to/3smh6M8

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient Stoic philosopher Seneca's work, On Anger, book 3 It focuses specifically on his advice that, when we start getting angry, we pay attention to our bodily expression of that emotion, and deliberately lessen or restrict that expression, with the result that we will become less angry To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Seneca's On Anger - amzn.to/3smh6M8

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient Stoic philosopher Seneca's work, On Anger, book 2 and 3 It focuses specifically on his discussions in books 2 and 3 about using delay or postponement to head off anger in oneself or in others. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Seneca's On Anger - amzn.to/3smh6M8

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient Stoic philosopher Seneca's work, On Anger, book 2 It focuses specifically on how children can be raised so that they will not get angry as easily or perhaps even not at all To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Seneca's On Anger - amzn.to/3smh6M8

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient Stoic philosopher Seneca's work, On Anger, book 2 It focuses specifically on a practice he thinks can be used to restrain anger, namely considering the ugliness of the emotion of anger, as shown in our faces, voices, and bodies. Here are some of the passages mentioned: To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Seneca's On Anger - amzn.to/3smh6M8

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient Stoic philosopher Seneca's work, On Anger, book 2 It focuses specifically on his discussion of petty and trivial matters that tend to make people angry, and why we should not allow these to get to us. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Seneca's On Anger - amzn.to/3smh6M8

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient Stoic philosopher Seneca's work, On Anger, book 2 It focuses specifically on his discussion of how the perception of unfairness or injustice of harm to us can easily lead us into getting angry, and what we can do to counter this. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Seneca's On Anger - amzn.to/3smh6M8

This lecture discusses key ideas from the ancient Stoic philosopher Seneca's work, On Anger, book 1 It focuses specifically on on whether the emotion of anger is a sign or effect of the virtue of great-spiritedness or magnanimity, which Stoics consider to be one of the sub-virtues of courage To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase Seneca's On Anger - amzn.to/3smh6M8

This lecture discusses the essay by the science fiction and fantasy author, Ursula K. Leguin, "About Anger, found in her book No Time To Spare: Thinking About What Matters. It discusses Leguin's reflections on the conditions in which anger can be a useful emotion in public, political, and private life, and on the dangers of treating anger uncritically as if it is always something good for dealing with injustice, abuse, exploitation, and threats. Leguin contrasts the early years of second-wave feminism and activism for gender justice and women's rights against the present time, in which anger isn't as useful a response. She also discusses anger's interrelation with other emotions such as jealousy, hatred, fear, and pain. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase No Time To Spare: Thinking About What Matters - https://amzn.to/3sh0nNR

This lecture discusses the science fiction and fantasy author, Ursula K. Leguin's short story, "The Word of Unbinding", which can be found in her book The Wind's Twelve Quarters The Rule of Names takes place in her Earthsea narrative universe. We discuss the characters, the plot, and several key aspects of the Earthsea setting. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO You can find over 3,000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase The Wind's Twelve Quarters - https://amzn.to/41Qg9Pk

This lecture discusses the science fiction and fantasy author, Ursula K. Leguin's short story, "The Rule of Names", which can be found in her book The Wind's Twelve Quarters The Rule of Names takes place in her Earthsea narrative universe. We discuss the characters, the plot, and several key aspects of the Earthsea setting. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO You can find over 3,000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Purchase The Wind's Twelve Quarters - https://amzn.to/41Qg9Pk

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "The Secret Miracle" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It focuses on the author Jaromir Hladík who is captured by the Nazis in their invasion of Czechoslovakia, and sentenced to death. Desiring to finish his play The Enemies, which he hopes will vindicate his existence, he prays to God to give him one more year to do so. As he is about to be executed, time stops for the external world, and he is able to continue his composition of the play from memory. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "The Cult Of The Phoenix" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It focuses on the story of a cult or sect called by names like "Cult of the Phoenix", "People of the Practice" or "People of the Secret". The group is compared against others like Jews and Roma, and includes people of all nations, social levels, and walks of life. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "Averröes’ Search" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It focuses on the islamic philosopher's failure to determine the meanings of "comedy" and "tragedy" in his commentary on Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics. Even after seeing and hearing about several instances of something like drama, he remains unable to make the association between what Aristotle discusses in his work and dramatic play. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "Averröes’ Search" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It focuses on a fictional characterization of the Islamic philosopher Ibn-Rushd, also known as Averroes in the Latin West, who's work on his commentary on Aristotle is interrupted by a dinner and conversation with the traveller Abu Al Hasan, who has reputedly ventured as far as China. He recounts having seen what we recognize as a play, which makes little sense to him or his muslim interlocutors To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "The Zahir" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It focuses on the effect that the Zahir exerts on the Borges of the story. He received it as a coin given in change purchasing a brandy. He then deliberately loses it, and strives not to think about it, but eventually finds himself unable to escape it. As it begins to lead him into thinking more and more about it and the many associations it inspires, he learns that the Zahir appears in many places and times as different objects. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "The Zahir" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It focuses on how the Borges of the story ends up getting the Zahir as a bit of change when drinking brandy after the wake of the socialite Teodelina. As a coin, it provokes some reflections upon money, interchangeability, and coins on Borges' part. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "The Circular Ruins" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It focuses on the narrative and the key philosophical themes of this tale. It centers on a sorcerer who has the desire to dream another human being into reality, which he does at the abandoned temple of the fire-god. After a failure, he dreams meticulously all of the organs of the person's body, but is unable to give him consciousness, which the fire-god miraculously does for him. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "Three Versions Of Judas" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It focuses on the evolving views on the character and salvific role of Judas progressively developed by a fictional Danish theologian Nils Runeberg, articulated in his works Kristus och Judas [Christ and Judas] and Den hemlige Frälsaren [The secret Savior] To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "The Library Of Babel" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It focuses on the interpretation by denizens of the library explaining the books and the universe. A number of different sects and cults arise, some of which are successfully stamped out by the authorities, at least in some portions of the library To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - https://amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "The Library Of Babel" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It focuses on the structure of the library in which human beings live their entire lives. The library is composed primarily of hexagonal cells, each of which contains bookshelves filled with volumes containing what seem be be random combinations of characters. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - https://amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "The Theme Of The Traitor And The Hero" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It focuses on the several narrative frames to the story. In the deepest, a hero of the Irish revolts Fergus Kilpatrick is revealed as being a traitor to the cause, by his old friend and comrade, James Alexander Nolan, who he had commissioned to find the traitor. A number of events with parallels to Shakespearian plays ensue surrounding Kilpatrick's death, all portions of a massive drama designed by Nolan, as Kilpatrick's descendent Ryan figures out through his research To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - https://amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It focuses on how the fictional world of Tlön, in the space of a decade, captivates the people of Earth and begins to disintegrate the reality of our own world, replacing Earth and its cultures with those of Tlön To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - https://amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "Tlön, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It focuses on the philosophical idealism that characterizes the cultures and civilization of Tlön's countries, and the difficulty of framing a heretical or paradoxical materialism. The solution to the paradox of the coins is developed by an orthodox philosopher, who proposes a idealistic pantheism or monism. This video also discusses the production of objects, hrönir as they are called, out of expectation, hope, or desire. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - https://amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "Tlon, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It focuses on the ways in which the assumption of philosophical idealism, reflected in the very languages of the world of Tlön, affect not just the mindsets of the people, but even the disciplines studied and applied within it. The most important discipline is psychology, with all other disciplines being subordinate to it. Metaphysics is evaluated on aesthetics grounds and is viewed as a portion of fantasy literature. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - https://amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "Tlon, Uqbar, Orbis Tertius" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It focuses on the discovery of a vast centuries-long project to produce, first a fictional country (Uqbar), and then a fantasy world (Tlön), carried out by a number of experts whose coordinate work results in a 40-volume First Encyclopedia of Tlön To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - https://amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "Funes, His Memory" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It narrates encounters with and speculates about the mind and projects of a young man who, after an accident, possesses a perfect memory and capacity of perception. This renders him capable of all sorts of possible mental feats far beyond that of even exceptional human beings, but also with little capacity for abstract thought and generalization To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - https://amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "The Garden of Forking Paths" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It focuses on the narrative at the center of the larger story, the production of a labyrinth as a novel by Ts'ui Pen, and its translation, editing, and explanation by the sinologist Dr. Stephen Albert. The Garden of Forking Paths is that novel, which appears to be contradictory, confused, a chaos, but which represents an image of the universe as Ts'ui Pen understands it, particularly in terms of the dimension of time, which is neither linear, nor cyclical, but a much more complex network of diverging, converging, and parallel timelines To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - https://amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "The Garden of Forking Paths" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It focuses on the narrative of the spy or secret agent genre which provides the outer shell of the more metaphysical narrative nested within it. This story centers around a Chinese spy for the German Empire during World War, Dr Yu Tsun, who intends to communicate the location of a British artillery concentration on the Western front in France. Tsun is pursued by Capt Richard Madden, who has already caught one of Tsun's fellow agents, and who catches him at the house of the sinologist Dr. Stephen Albert, who fortuitously has translated and provides an explanation of the labyrinth and novel of Tsun's great grandfather Ts'ui Pen. It turns out that the novel, The Garden of Forking Paths, is the labyrinth. Tsun kills Albert just as Madden arrives, in order to be able to communicate his message to his German spymaster. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - https://amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "The House Of Asterion" which can be found in Collected Fictions. It focuses on the perspective of the legendary minotaur of Crete, who lives within the labyrinth, his house, which has fourteen or infinite doors To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - https://amzn.to/3xZnwHA

This lecture discusses key ideas from the 20th century philosophical short story writer, essayist, and poet Jorge Luis Borges's story "The Lottery In Babylon" which can be found in Collected Fictions. The narrator of the story, a citizen of Babylon, discusses the complex history of the Lottery, the Company that administers it, and the multiple philosophical interpretations of both of these. The Lottery ends up being the centrally determining institution in this community, and involves complex infusions of chance into its society and its workings. To support my ongoing work, go to my Patreon site - www.patreon.com/sadler If you'd like to make a direct contribution, you can do so here - www.paypal.me/ReasonIO - or at BuyMeACoffee - www.buymeacoffee.com/A4quYdWoM You can find over 3000 philosophy videos in my main YouTube channel - www.youtube.com/user/gbisadler Get Borges' Collected Fictions here - https://amzn.to/3xZnwHA