This Week in Microbiology

TWiM reveals a study showing that positive interactions among bacteria are far more common than previously thought, and how acquisition of a single gene enabled Yersinia pestis to expand the range of mammalian hosts that sustain flea-borne plague. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Elio Schaechter, Michele Swanson, and Michael Schmidt Subscribe to TWiM (free) on iTunes, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Android, RSS, or by email. Become a Patron of TWiM! Links for this episode: Positive interactions are common among bacteria (Sci Adv) Expansion of mammal hosts for flea-borne plague (PLoS Path) Hurling fleas (TWiM #80) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

Mark Martin returns to TWiM for a discussion of the observation that Gram's stain does not cross the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane, and suppression of gingival inflammation and bone loss through host modulation caused by episymbiotic Saccharibacteria. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Elio Schaechter, Michele Swanson, and Michael Schmidt Guest: Mark O. Martin Subscribe to TWiM (free) on iTunes, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Android, RSS, or by email. Become a Patron of TWiM! Links for this episode Gram's stain does not cross cytoplasmic membrane (ACS Chem Biol) Gram stain protocol (pdf) Chemical mechanism of Gram's stain (J Bact) Episymbiotic Saccharibacteria suppress disease (Host Cell Microbe) Microedu listserve TWiM Listener survey Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

Petra Levin joins TWiM to tell three stories from her laboratory: how starvation induces shrinkage of the bacterial cytoplasm; plasticity of E. coli cell wall and how it influences antibiotic resistance across different environments; and induction of antibiotic resistance by Triclosan. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Elio Schaechter, Michele Swanson, and Michael Schmidt Guest: Petra Levin Become a Patron of TWiM! Links for this episode Starvation induces E. coli shrinkage (PNAS) Plasticity of cell wall metabolism and antibiotic resistance (eLife) Triclosan induces antibiotic resistance (Antimicro Agents Chemother) TWiM Listener survey Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

On this episode of TWiM, using colicins to ferry DNA into cells through an iron transporter, and construction of highly efficient microbial fuel cells that produce more electrical current than previously observed. Links for this episode: Colicins used to ferry DNA into cells (mBio) Highly efficient microbial fuel cells (Science) Silver assists fuel cells (Science) Biological transport goes the extra mile (PNAS) Long distance transport in cable bacteria (PNAS) Columbia U pledges fossil free buildings (Columbia U) Become a patron of TWiM. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

TWiM explores the role of biofilms in infection by coronaviruses, and development of a Shigella vaccine using outer membrane vesicles derived from Salmonella Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode Biofilms and coronaviruses (Appl Envir Micro) Outer membrane vesicle vaccine (Appl Envir Micro) TWiM Listener survey Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

On this episode, an electrochemical scaffold that delivers safe doses of hypochlorous acid to treat wound infections in humans, and a method for sampling and monitoring bacteria and viruses on surfaces using plain paper stickers. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Michele Swanson, and Michael Schmidt Links: E-scaffolds on TWiM 143 The EPS matrix (J Bact) Integrated HOCL-producing E-scaffold (AAM) Surface sampling bacteria with paper stickers (AEM) Surface sample viruses with paper stickers (Sci Rep) Become a Patron of TWiM! Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

TWiM reveals how temporal shifts in antibiotic resistance elements govern phage-pathogen conflicts, and the intracellular localization of toxin-antitoxin proteins in E. coli. Become a Patron of TWiM! Links for this episode: Phage-pathogen conflicts (Science) A 'Trap-Door' Strategy for Mobile Element Escape (Front Micro) Location of toxin-antitoxin proteins (mBio) Babel-Jerusalem Bookstore Letters read on TWiM 249 Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

Mark Martin returns to TWiM to discuss ways to increase diversity in our field, and the discovery of Borgs, giant extrachromosomal elements with the potential to augment methane oxidation. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Elio Schaechter, Michele Swanson, and Michael Schmidt Guest: Mark O. Martin Subscribe to TWiM (free) on iTunes, Google Podcasts, Stitcher, Android, RSS, or by email. Become a Patron of TWiM! Links for this episode: Unacknowledged privilege (Mol Biol Cell) Black Microbiologists Association Beginner's Guide to Minority Professor Hires (ASM)Academic Career Readiness Assessment (UCSF) Annual Biomed Res Conference for Minority Students Lessons from Plants by Beronda Montgomery Giant extrachromosomal BORGS (bioRxiv) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

TWiM explores whether 'rewilding' is a way to get back our missing gut microbes, and failure of bacteriophage therapy due to the production of neutralizing antibodies. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode Gut microbiota through an evolutionary lens (Science) You're missing microbes (NY Times) There is no 'healthy' microbiome (NY Times) Antibody limits bacteriophage therapy (Nat) Phage therapy on TWiEVO #44 Graham Hatfull on TWiV #87 TWiM Listener survey Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

The TWiM folk explore disruption of a Burkholderia intracellular niche by a cell death program, and an increase in Brucella infectiousness after intracellular passage. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Disrupting intracellular niche (mBio) Intracellular passage increases infectiousness (Infect Immun) Type IV secretion systems (Front Micro) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

In this episode, how polysaccharides keep cyanobacteria afloat in the oceans so that they can carry out photosynthesis, and a symbiotic bacterium that protects honey bees from fungal infections. Become a Patron of TWiM! Links for this episode: Bacterial blooms and polysaccharides (eLife) Social life of cyanobacteria (eLife) Bacteria that protect bees from fungi (mBio) First 21 days of a bee's life (YouTube) antiSMASH (Nucl Acids Res) Delaney Miller's website Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

Foodie TWiM reveals that bacteria in human saliva are major components of Ecuadorian indigenous beers, and an unusual E. coli that produces atypical light cream-colored colonies in chromogenic agar. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Saliva bacteria in indigenous beers (Peer J) Unusual behavior of E. coli ST59 (Appl Envir Micro) One Health (CDC) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

TWiM continues its food arc with an examination of the effect of peroxyacetic acid spray on the microbiome and sensory properties of beef, and explores asymmetry of the cell division machinery during sporulation. Links for this episode: Effect of peroxyacetic acid on beef (Appl Envir Micro) Peracetic acid sterilization (CDC) Different cuts of beef (S. Clyde Weaver) Profiling the Poglianos (TWiM 115) Cell division machinery asymmetry in sporulation (eLife) Kamala Sohonie by Kanika Khanna India COVID SOS Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

TWiM reveals the microbiome of sourdough starter cultures, and discovery of a novel family of prokaryotic nanocompartments involved in the metabolism of sulfur. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode Sourdough starter microbiomes (eLife) Prokaryotic nanocompartments (eLife) TWiM Listener survey Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

TWiM explains how Vibrio biofilms are dispersed by polyamine signals, and the induction of inappetence by respiratory virus infection which causes alteration of the gut microbiome. Subscribe to TWiM (free) on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Google Podcasts, Android, RSS, or by email. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode Regulation of Vibrio biofilms by polyamines (eLife) Cyclic di-GMP (pdf) Respiratory virus infection induces inappetance (mBio) Letters read on TWiM 241 TWiM Listener survey Send your microbiology questions and comments (email or recorded audio) to [email protected]

TWiM reviews aspirin modulation of Fusobacterium nucleatum, a microbe that has been associated with colorectal cancer, and Elio tells us 'What are vaccines', a talk he recently gave to members of his community. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Elio's What are Vaccines? (pdf) Jenner Museum Aspirin modulation of Fusobacterium (mBio) Fecal transplant for C. difficile (NEJM) Fecal microbiota transplantation (NEJM) Fecal microbiota transplant for dysbiosis (NEJM) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

The TWiM team reviews how variants of P. aeruginosa survive antimicrobial treatment, and a decrease in the antimicrobial resistance of the gut microbiome in the presence of the fungus C. albicans. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Phoenix colony variants of P. aeruginosa (AAC) Candida and the gut microbiota (mSphere) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

Elio reveals his thoughts on the big themes of modern microbiology, followed by an analysis of the gut microbiome in patients with Parkinson's disease. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Parkinson's disease gut microbiome (NPJ Parkinsons) Sequencing data as compositions (Bioinformatics) Gut microbiota in mouse Parkinson's model (Cell) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

To celebrate ten years, TWiM asks former hosts and guests to provide their thoughts on how microbiology has contributed to our understanding of the microbial world. Links for this episode: Neisseria LINES up: TWiM #1 Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

In this episode, hiring and training expectations for future biomedical life sciences faculty, and the roles of bacterial symbionts in deep-sea hydrothermal vent tubeworms. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Expectations for life sciences faculty (Life Sci Edu) Academic career readiness assessment (UCSF) Tubeworm bacterial symbionts (eLife) Traveling on the Alvin (Dark Life II) Image credit Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

In this episode, how DNA of giant viruses has contributed extensively to the genome of green algae, and inhibition of E. coli virulence by a metabolic product of arachidonic acid in the intestinal epithelium. Links for this episode: Giant viral DNA shapes genomes of green algae (Nature) James Van Etten Darwin's Radio Arachidonic acid and E. coli virulence (mBio) How a pathogenic E. coli infection begins Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

The TWiM team reviews Salmonella colonization of three-dimensional miniature intestinal organs, and identification of a circadian clock in a non-photosynthetic prokaryote. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Salmonella colonization of enteroids (mBio) Circadian clock in nonphotosynthetic prokaryote (Science) Image credit Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

The TWiM team reviews the movie Jezebel, played against the background of the yellow fever epidemic of 1853 in New Orleans, and prokaryotic viperins, ancestors of the eukaryotic enzymes that synthesize antiviral molecules. Subscribe to TWiM (free) on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Android, RSS, or by email. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode Jezebel (Wikipedia) Prokaryotic viperins (Nature) A cell protein that synthesizes antivirals (virology blog) Dr. Aude Bernheim's training and gender equity contributions TWiM Listener survey Send your microbiology questions and comments (email or recorded audio) to [email protected]

TWiM explores the use of a bacterial protein to make highly conductive microbial nanowires, and how modulin proteins seed the formation of amyloid, a key component of S. aureus biofilms. Subscribe to TWiM (free) on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Android, RSS, or by email. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode Amyloid formation for S. aureus biofilms (eLife) Highly conductive microbial nanowires (Nat Chem Biol) Uncovering Nature's electronics (Nature) Activating Nature's electrical grid (Bioeng) Bacteria that exhale electricity (SyFyWire) Microbial transistors (TWiM 14) TWiM Listener survey Send your microbiology questions and comments (email or recorded audio) to [email protected]

Mark Martin returns to TWiM for a discussion of a predatory bacterium appropriately named Vampirococcus lugosii, and Elio reveals how bacteria can be used on the International Space Station to efficiently extract rare earth elements in microgravity. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Space Station biomining (Nat Comm) Reductive evolution in a predatory bacterium (bioRxiv) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

In this episode of TWiM, control of Campylobacter in raw chicken by zinc oxide nanoparticles in packaging material, and Salmonella enterica genomes from a16th century epidemic in Mexico. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Zinc oxide nanoparticles in raw meat packing (Appl Env Micro) Campylobacter, an emerging foodborne pathogen (Emerg Inf Dis) Ancient bacterial DNA (Microb Genom) Salmonella enterica from 16th century outbreak (Nature) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

In this episode of TWiM, the hidden biochemical diversity in soil-dwelling Actinobacteria that could lead to a second Golden Era of antibiotic discovery, and structures of glideosome components reveals the mechanism of gliding in apicomplexan parasites. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Cryptic or silent? (mBio) The Streptomyces chromosome (Ann Rev Gen) Engineering Nature's Medicines (pdf) Apicomplexan glideosome (Comm Biol) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

Ninecia and Chelsey, two of the founders of Black in Microbiology, join TWiM to discuss the goals of the organization, then we reveal survival of Deinococcus bacteria for 3 years in space, an experiment that addresses the panspermia hypothesis for interplanetary transfer of life. Guests: Ninecia Scott and Chelsey Spriggs You can watch this episode at https://youtu.be/1o1hh0I4rio Subscribe to TWiM (free) on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Android, RSS, or by email. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode Black in Microbiology Deinococcus DNA damage in space (Front Micro) Monthly myco-talks (Uni Exeter) Send your microbiology questions and comments (email or recorded audio) to [email protected]

TWiM presents an episode for mycophiles: how bacteria disarm mushroom pathogens, and the role of the CARD9 protein in protective immunity against pulmonary cryptococcosis. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Elio Schaechter, Michael Schmidt and Michele Swanson Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Black in Microbiology How bacteria disarm mushroom pathogens (PNAS) A bacterial battleground (Science) CARD9 needed for fungal defense (mBio) OneHealth: Fungal pathogens (AAM) Image credit Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

TWiM presents two unusual microorganisms, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, heard by Elio in an episode of Doc Martin, and Roseomonas mucosa, which is being used to treat atopic dermatitis. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Treating atopic dermatitis with R. mucosa (Sci Trans Med) Overview of sphingolipid metabolism (Adv Exp Med Biol) Lyme disease and other tick-borne infections (MTM 118) Image credit Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

The TWiM team explores how delivery of an enzyme into competitor cells leads to synthesis of (p)ppApp, depletion of ATP, deregulation of metabolic pathways, and cell death, and a refinement of our typical view of bacterial lag phase as a period of nonreplication. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Elio Schaechter, and Michael Schmidt Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Killing competitors by synthesis of (p)ppApp (Nature) Lag phase is a dynamic period (J Bact) Image credit Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

The TWiM team reveals the genetic mysteries of the Dead Sea Scrolls from sequencing of DNA, and 100 million year old living bacteria recovered from marine sediments. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Elio Schaechter, Michele Swanson and Michael Schmidt Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Elio's Memoirs Genetic mysteries of Dead Sea Scrolls (Cell) 100 million year old bacteria under the sea (Nat Comm) Image credit Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

The TWiMmers explore detection of SARS-CoV-2 on surfaces in an ophthalmology examination room, the ability of stressed populations of Yersinia bacteria to survive antimicrobial treatment within host tissues, and how volatile organic chemicals produced by soil microbes attract arthropods which in turn disperse bacterial spores. Subscribe to TWiM (free) on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Android, RSS, or by email. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode SARS-CoV-2 RNA in ophthalmology room (JAMA Ophth) Stressed Yersinia survive doxycycline treatment (mBio) Volatiles, a soil arthropod, and Streptomyces spore dispersal (Nature) Image credit Send your microbiology questions and comments (email or recorded audio) to [email protected]

Mark Martin joins TWiM to describe nano-sized parasitic bacteria that inhabit humans, and the construction of whole-cell biosensors for detecting arsenic in drinking water. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Elio Schaechter, and Michael Schmidt Guest: Mark O. Martin Subscribe to TWiM (free) on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Android, RSS, or by email. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode Ultra-small parasitic bacteria in humans (Cell Rep) Arsenic (WHO) Arsenic and drinking water (CDC) Arsenic biosensor in bacteria (Appl Envir Micro) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments (email or recorded audio) to [email protected]

TWiM reveals a potential mucus-busting weapon for patients with cystic fibrosis, and bacteria in the intestinal tract that can oxidize cholesterol, leading to lower levels of the lipid in blood. Subscribe to TWiM (free) on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Android, RSS, or by email. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode Biofilm eradication with nitric oxide release (ACS Inf Dis) Pseudomonas quorum sensing network (Protein) Cholesterol metabolism by gut bacteria (Cell Host Microbe) Microbes might manage your cholesterol (Harvard Gazette) TWiM Listener survey Send your microbiology questions and comments (email or recorded audio) to [email protected]

TWiM reveals that methane-producing bacteria might survive beneath the surface of Mars, and identification of a cytopathogenic toxin in a bacterium associated with preterm birth. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Elio Schaechter, Michele Swanson and Michael Schmidt Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Archaea could make methane on Mars (Sci Rep) Cytopathogenic toxin in bacterium associated with preterm birth (J Bact) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

The TWiM discusses eradicating racism in academia and STEM, and a peptide from commensal bacteria that protects skin from damage caused by MRSA Become a patron of TWiM Links for this episode: Responsibility in academic research Improving equity in faculty hiring (MBoC) #ShutDownSTEM Peptide protects skin from microbial damage (AAC) Agr phase variants in S. aureus (mBio) S. aureus quorum sensing system (BMC Res Notes) COVID-19 joins pandemic legion (mBio) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

The TWiM team explains how breathing can transmit SARS-CoV-2, and how lack of breathing leads to loss of mitochondria in a multicellular parasitic animal. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Reducing transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (Science) Why social distancing is important (NY Times) Parasite without mitochondria (PNAS) Letters read on TWiM 218 Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

The TWiM team explains an experimental vaccine to prevent E. coli urinary tract infections, and the remarkable three-way symbiosis of narnaviruses, bacteria, and fungi. Subscribe to TWiM (free) on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Android, RSS, or by email. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode Developing a vaccine for UTI (mBio) Narnaviruses and bacteria-fungal symbioses (ISME J) 20% off The Invisible ABCs for TWiM listeners! Use promo code: ABC20 at checkout. TWiM Listener survey

The TWiM team discuses saliva as more sensitive for SARS-CoV-2 detection in COVID-19 patients than nasopharyngeal swab and how Mycobacterium tuberculosis sulfolipid-1 activates nociceptive neurons and induces cough. Links for this episode: Preventing the next pandemic (NY Times) COVID-19 treatment guidelines (NIH) Saliva sensitive for SARS-CoV-2 detection (medRxiv) A mycobacterial molecule provokes cough (Cell) Letters read on TWiM 216 20% off The Invisible ABCs for TWiM listeners! Use promo code: ABC20 at checkout. Become a patron of TWiM. Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

A ferret model for infection by SARS-CoV-2, and how Neolithization lead to emergence of a human bacterial pathogen. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Elio Schaechter, Michele Swanson and Michael Schmidt Links for this episode: Infection and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in ferrets (Cell Host Micr) Neolithization led to emergence of Salmonella enterica (Nat Ecol Evol) Arnold Demain (Wikipedia) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected] Become a patron of TWiM.

Vincent, Elio and Michael reveal the ASM COVID-19 summit, and how Salmonella injects a protein into the cell to drive suppression of the immune response. ASM COVID-19 Summit Value of SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing (mBio) How SARS-CoV-2 is changing (nextstrain) Contribute to COVID-19 data Salmonella effector suppresses inflammation (Cell Host Micr) Subscribe to TWiM (free) on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Android, RSS, or by email. Become a patron of TWiM.

Vincent, Elio and Michael discuss the stability of human coronaviruses on surfaces and in aerosols, and peptidoglycan production by a mosaic consisting of a bacterium within a bacterium within an insect. Links for this episode: Human coronavirus 229E infectivity on common surfaces (mBio) Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 (medRxiv) Peptidoglycan synthesis by a insect-bacteria mosaic (Cell) Letters read on TWiM 213 Become a patron of TWiM. Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

The TWiM team reviews the coronavirus outbreak that began in Wuhan, China, and the finding that an IRF deficiency underlies Whipple's disease. 2019-nCoV case tracking (JHU) Clinical features of infection with 2019-nCoV (Lancet) Early transmission dynamics of 2019-nCoV (NEJM) Isolation of 2019-nCoV (NEJM) TLR4 defect in Whipple's disease (eLife) Become a Patron of TWiM! Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

The Fellowship of the TWiM reveal that colorectal cancer-associated microbiota are associated with higher numbers of methylated genes in colonic mucosa, and identification of metabolites needed by the fire blight disease bacterium for virulence in apples. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Colorectal cancer and the gut microbiome (PNAS) Fire blight (YouTube) Fire blight spreads north (NY Times) E. amylovora auxotrophs (Appl Environ Micro) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

The Microbial Comrades present the oldest osteosynthesis in history, and how a small molecule produced by stressed bacteria is a warning signal that repels healthy populations to promote their survival. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Elio Schaechter, Michele Swanson and Michael Schmidt Subscribe to TWiM (free) on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Android, RSS, or by email. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode P. aeruginosa PQS repels bacteria(J Bact) PQS signaling(J Bact) Letters read on TWiM 210 TWiM Listener survey Send your microbiology questions and comments (email or recorded audio) to [email protected]

The TWiM team reveals how ribosome modification resuscitates bacterial persister cells, and explain how a phage tail fiber protein exploits rotation of flagella to move towards the cell membrane. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Ribosome modification resuscitates persister cells (Environ Micro) Flagellotrophic phage targets host with tail fiber (Mol Micro) Hydrodynamics of phage migration along flagella (Phys Rev Fluids) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Michele Swanson and Michael Schmidt Guests: Deanna Beatty, Mark Hay, Gina Lewin, Frank Stewart, and Marvin Whiteley At Georgia Tech, members and trainees of the Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection discuss the identification of pathogen essential genes during coinfections, and how coral management can improve coral defenses against pathogens. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection Pathogen essential genes during coinfection (PNAS) Managing coral protects from pathogens (Sci Adv) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

From ASM Microbe 2019 in San Francisco, Vincent speaks with Victoria McGovern, Carl Nathan, and Dan Portnoy about advancing human health through innovative collaborations. Host: Vincent Racaniello Guests: Victoria McGovern, Carl Nathan, and Dan Portnoy Links for this episode: Getting grants (Virulence) Nitric oxide synthase protects against tuberculosis (PNAS) Actin filaments and Listeria monocytogenes (J Cell Biol) Become a Patron of TWiM! Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]

The TWiM holobionts pay tribute to Stuart Levy, and reveal the remarkably diverse array of cyclic nucleotides synthesized by bacteria that likely mediate interactions with animal and plant hosts. Become a patron of TWiM. Links for this episode: Stuart Levy, Antibiotic Resistance Researcher, Dies Resistance fighter (The Scientist) Stuart Levy on TWiM 16 Stuart Levy on Meet the Scientist episode 17 Segregation of R factors (Nature) Infectious drug resistance (Sci Am) Spread of antibiotic resistance chickens to humans (Nature) Costs of antimicrobial resistance (Clin Inf Dis) Bacteria synthesize diverse nucleotide signals (Nature) Music used on TWiM is composed and performed by Ronald Jenkees and used with permission. Send your microbiology questions and comments to [email protected]