The Paul Leslie Hour

#581 - Brent Jones The Brent Jones interview is featured on The Paul Leslie Hour. Ever been on a cruise ship? I’m pulling out an interview from the archives, this was originally broadcast on Radio Margaritaville years ago. This is a blast from the past! This interview is with Brent Jones, the coordinator for the Parrothead Cruise. He talks about the famous and infamous cruises where toga parties, great music and sometimes questionable behavior abound...all for a good cause! Over the years the Parrothead Cruise has raised more than $320,000 for charities. These legendary annual cruises were beloved by tropical music fans and beach lovers, a certain kind of reveler: Parrot Heads, which are Jimmy Buffett fans. This interview was broadcast back in 2004, but I’m bringing the interview back out to promote Parrothead Cruise 2022. Just go to parrotheadcruise.com for more information. They’ll be departing from Miami, Florida on March 12th and visiting Honduras, Belize and Mexico. This cruise is being called “Bring Back the Magic,” which is the name of a song Jimmy Buffett wrote with Will Jennings on his 1988 album Hot Water. If you’re interested, you can register at parrotheadcruise.com and there’s also a raffle you can enter if you’d like to win your way aboard. The Paul Leslie Hour - Helping People Tell Their Stories is a talk show with new episodes every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#580 - Paula Salvatore Paula Salvatore is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. Paula Salvatore was recently promoted into a Vice President of Client Relations and Studio Marketing at Universal Music Group. Prior to that, Paula has long been the face of the famed Capitol Studios in Hollywood, California. Through the years, she's interacted and worked with everyone from Frank Sinatra, Paul McCartney, Bob Dylan, James Taylor and so many others. Needless to say, she has a lot of stories. Paula was introduced for this interview through singer and actor Robert Davi who has recorded many songs at Capitol. The personal connection resulted in a personal interview, which you are invited to watch here. Paula Salvatore is on The Paul Leslie Hour. Happy viewing.

#579 - Herman Rush The Herman Rush Interview is featured on The Paul Leslie Hour. Herman Rush is an entertainment business icon. He’s had a number of titles through the years: and has worked as a producer and agent. I connected with Herman Rush because he has one of the biggest collections of Frank Sinatra memorabilia of anyone. He was once the Chairman of Columbia Pictures Television and also ran Coca-Cola Telecommunications. Herman Rush also served as one of the early Executive Producers of the famed Montel Williams Show. It's an interview with the ultimate polymath! Herman Rush is right here on The Paul Leslie Hour. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#578 - Emil Richards The Emil Richards Interview is featured on The Paul Leslie Hour. This is an interview that was broadcast over the radio a few years back. It is an interview with Emil Richards, born Emilio Raddochia on September 2nd 1932, passed away December 13, 2019. I really enjoyed speaking to Emil, he was one of the legendary vibraphonists and percussionists in music. In fact, he played the xylophone starting as just a little boy. Through the years he played and recorded with the best of the best: Charles Mingus, Perry Como, and George Shearing to name but a few. He also toured with George Harrison and Frank Sinatra. He also lead his own group, The Microtonal Blues Band and released his own recordings. Find them, they’re very interesting. To list some of the other people he worked with: George Duke, Frank Zappa, Robert Davi, Julie London, Hans Zimmer, so many. He was very sweet so I can understand why people would want to record or perform with him. I hope you enjoy the interview and just remember that The Paul Leslie Hour is made possible by viewers and listeners like you. Just go here to contribute!

#577 - Lee Ritenour The Lee Ritenour Interview is featured on The Paul Leslie Hour. Originally recorded for the radio, Lee Ritenour remains one of the most respected musicians in the world. Guitarist Lee Ritenour has released approximately 45 albums and has contributed to more than 3,000 sessions (including Frank Sinatra, Tony Bennett, B.B. King, Pink Floyd, etc). As one of the most respected jazz guitarists, Lee Ritenour was an honor to speak with and was very informative. It's right here on The Paul Leslie Hour! The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. Support The Paul Leslie Hour by contributing to their tip jar: https://tips.pinecast.com/jar/the-paul-leslie-hour

#576 - Richard M. Sherman The Richard M. Sherman Interview is featured on The Paul Leslie Hour. An inductee of the Songwriters Hall of Fame, Richard M. Sherman who with his brother wrote some of the most well known songs in motion picture history, particularly Disney motion pictures: The Jungle Book, Chitty Chitty Bang Bang, Mary Poppins, Bedknobs and Broom Sticks, Charlotte's Web, and others. His songs have also been performed/recorded by recording artists like Ringo Starr, Annette Funicello, Johnny Burnette, Kenny Loggins and others. Born June 12, 1928, we wish Richard M. Sherman a happy birthday. Her is our interview with Sherman for your listening enjoyment. Right here on The Paul Leslie Hour. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. Support The Paul Leslie Hour by contributing to their tip jar: https://tips.pinecast.com/jar/the-paul-leslie-hour

#575 - Tony Oppedisano Returns Tony Oppedisano is a returning guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. Tony Oppedisano, a.k.a. "Tony O.," was a close friend and confidante of the great Frank Sinatra, who was also a road manager for the legendary singer. Oppedisano, along with writing collaborator Mary Jane Ross have authored Sinatra and Me: In the Wee Small Hours, a warm-hearted and moving book about Ol' Blue Eyes. Tony's involvement with Frank Sinatra began when Tony was 21 years old and he remained close to Sinatra until his passing. The stories in the book are told from the perspective of a man who knew Frank Sinatra very well, creating an intimate and interesting portrait. This is Tony O.'s second visit on The Paul Leslie Hour. He is a former professional musician and singer, producer, and managed both Frank Sinatra and Don Rickles. He continues to work in the entertainment business to this day. In this interview, we discuss his book and he shares more interesting perspectives on Frank Sinatra, an artist who still fascinates multitudes around the world to this very day. Tony O. is back! Don't miss it. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. Support The Paul Leslie Hour by contributing to their tip jar: https://tips.pinecast.com/jar/the-paul-leslie-hour

#574 - Alan Pasqua Alan Pasqua is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. This is one of the most talented, accomplished performing and recording pianists out there. Alan Pasqua is a composer, educator, accompanist and bandleader. In addition to recordings of his own compositions, he's interpreted standards and other writers work with incredible taste and interest. As a collaborator, Alan Pasqua has worked with Eddie Money, Rick Springfield, Carlos Santana, Bob Dylan and a great variety of other artists. He's one of those artists who can contribute in jazz and rock. Listening to Alan Pasqua's music is a wonderful idea, and as a companion consider this warm interview. You'll appreciate not only this man's music, but also the man himself. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. Support The Paul Leslie Hour by contributing to their tip jar: https://tips.pinecast.com/jar/the-paul-leslie-hour

#573 - Larry Carlton The Larry Carlton Interview is featured on The Paul Leslie Hour. It is a great honor we present an interview with an artist known for both his solo records and his guitar session work. Larry Carlton is one of the greatest guitarists alive. If you think this is an exaggeration, maybe you should see him in concert. This interview with Mr. Carlton was recorded prior to one of his concerts in Atlanta, Georgia. He was performing a pair of shows on the same night at the Sambuca restaurant in Buckhead. Sambuca is sadly no longer there. The resulting conversation became one of the interviews which received the most feedback. This is a testament to Larry Carlton’s incredible following around the world. He is a 4-time Grammy winner and 19-time Grammy nominee. He is a recipient of the George Benson Lifetime Achievement Award. He was named one of the 10 Greatest-Ever Session Guitarists by Gibson. Larry Carlton has been playing guitar since he was six years old. He began listening to to jazz music in Junior High School. In 1968, at 20 years old, Larry Carlton recorded his first album entitled "With a Little Help From My Friends." From 1971 to 1976 he played with jazz rock group The Crusaders. In 1973 he released his second solo project "Singing | Playing," featuring not only his guitar work, but also vocals. While still touring with the Crusaders, he contributed as a guitar session player to albums from Sammy Davis, Jr., Herb Alpert, Quincy Jones, Paul Anka, Michael Jackson, John Lennon, and Jerry Garcia just to name a few. Over time, Larry Carlton appeared on over 3,000 studio sessions. His accomplishments are many. He has written and co-written theme songs for TV shows including the hit sitcom "Who's the Boss?" and the drama "Hill Street Blues." He has written and recorded a film score and has appeared on more than 100 Gold Albums. He was voted the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences "Most Valuable Player" 3 consecutive years. NARAS then named him Player Emeritus and he became retired from eligibility. Larry Carlton's mesmerizing guitar playing has appeared in 4 videos, 6 DVDs and 28 solo records. It's a short, pre-concert interview - right here on The Paul Leslie Hour. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. Support The Paul Leslie Hour by contributing to their tip jar: https://tips.pinecast.com/jar/the-paul-leslie-hour

#572 - Gary Brooker of Procol Harum The Gary Brooker interview is featured on The Paul Leslie Hour. Gary Brooker is a founding member of the British rock band Procol Harum and the composer of many great songs including "A Whiter Shade of Pale." Brooker is a legend in music and spoke about some of the highlights of his career. It's a short interview with one of music's greatest artists, that was originally broadcast on the radio. It's now available on a variety of platforms, right here on The Paul Leslie Hour. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#571 - Jonathan Edwards The Jonathan Edwards Interview is featured on The Paul Leslie Hour. Jonathan Edwards is one of American music's true legends. Known for his performances and recordings, including his hit song "Sunshine," he has been a presence for decades. In his early days he opened for such artists as The Allman Brothers Band and B. B. King. Edwards is also an actor and has contributed to films through scoring. Originally broadcast on the radio, this interview among other topics focuses on his album "My Love Will Keep." The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#570 - Amanda Colleen Williams Returns Amanda Colleen Williams returns to The Paul Leslie Hour! Cosmopolitan country entertainer, writer and recording artist Amanda Colleen Williams makes her triumphant return to The Paul Leslie Hour. "Impressive" describes her, and it would be hard to keep up with all she does. Most recently, she's released her latest single, "I'm on Fire," written by Bruce Springsteen. It debuted on Hoebee in the Afternoon show on WAIL 99.5 FM. An independent recording artist, Williams is about to release her studio album "Appalachia Kid." In addition to her records and performances, she's co-written songs which have been found on major releases with certified 17 million sales by the Recording Industry Association of America. Singers like Garth Brooks and George Jones have recorded her work. An award-winning songwriter, Amanda Colleen Williams is also a successful business owner, a non-attorney copyright expert, educator, publisher and gifted public speaker. Inspiring is another word to describe this woman and unstoppable force in music. Appearing originally on episode #9 of this show, it's great to have her back. In addition to an interesting and informative interview, she performs a few songs just for you. Amanda Colleen Williams is right here, on The Paul Leslie Hour. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#569 - Jerry Douglas Jerry Douglas is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. We’re joined by an American original. Resonator and lap steel guitar master Jerry Douglas has made an immeasurable influence on country, bluegrass, Americana and traditional music. As a leader, accompanist or solo, Jerry Douglas has created some truly remarkable recordings and performances. A 14 time Grammy award-winner, respected musician, record producer, composer and recording artist, Americana legend Willis Alan Ramsey said this about him, “Jerry Douglas, for decades now has taken the Dobro into whole new areas of discovery.” He’s also recorded with a variety of artists: Paul Simon, Lyle Lovett, Garth Brooks, George Jones, Alison Krauss, James Taylor, Ray Charles, Tommy Emmanuel, in fact you can hear Jerry Douglas’s playing on more than 1,500 albums. Our topic of discussion on this episodes includes the new record “Leftover Feelings,” from John Hiatt with the Jerry Douglas Band. It’s out May 21st, 2021 on New West Records. Jerry Douglas is right here on The Paul Leslie Hour!

#568 - Judy Collins The Judy Collins interview is featured on The Paul Leslie Hour. She's the songwriters best friend. Singer, performing and recording artist Judy Collins has beautifully interpreted some of the best songs ever written. This is an interview that was originally broadcast on the radio in support of her album "Strangers Again," featuring duets with icons like Willie Nelson, Jeff Bridges, Michael McDonald, Jackson Browne, Glen Hansard, Don McLean, and rising stars like Bhi Bhiman, Ari Hest, and Thomas Dybdahl. Ladies and gentlemen, Judy Collins. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#567 - Rob Fraboni Rob Fraboni is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. Joining us is a master of sound. Rob Fraboni is a record producer and audio engineer who has contributed greatly to the world of sound production & engineering—the art and science of recording. Keith Richards wrote this about him,"Rob Fraboni is a genius. He's one of the best sound engineers you can ever meet." He's worked with the best artists and groups: The Rolling Stones, Bob Dylan, The Beach Boys, Tim Hardin, Bonnie Raitt, Joe Cocker, The Band and Eric Clapton. He also remastered the entire Bob Marley catalog when he was Vice President of Island Records. Fabroni also built and designed the Shangri-La Studios in Malibu, California. It is with great passion and excitement that I present a legendary record man: Rob Fabroni! The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#566 - Seth Godin Seth Godin is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. He is a teacher, entrepreneur, communicator extraordinaire, and author of more than 20 worldwide bestselling books in 36 languages. He is one of the world's foremost bloggers. Seth's Blog at https://seths.blog/ reaches multitudes of people with 7,000 posts and counting. He also hosts one of the top podcasts, which feels like a mixture of informational and spoken arts: the weekly "AKIMBO." For those who read the books and blogs of Seth Godin, you'll see one name coming up again and again: singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. What can marketers learn from Bob Dylan? What about creators and artists in general? In fact, what could all of us learn from Dylan? Well, one of the greatest marketing minds of our time, Seth Godin discusses it on this episode. It's a short, but interesting talk. There's plenty of food for thought. Seth Godin is right here one The Paul Leslie Hour. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#565 - Clinton Heylin Returns Clinton Heylin Returns to The Paul Leslie Hour. He was first a guest last year, which resulted in a lot of mail from listeners. Clinton Heylin has been called "the world's foremost Dylan scholar," and has written extensively about many subjects in music, and much about singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. A trained historian, Clinton Heylin's book The Double Life of Bob Dylan, is available in the United States on May 18, 2021. He was kind enough to join The Paul Leslie Hour to discuss many interesting topics, including the book. It is the first of two volumes. Clinton Heylin delivers! It's an enjoyable and interesting interview with a knowledgeable man. Right here on The Paul Leslie Hour. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#564 - Happy Traum Happy Traum is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. Folksinger, songwriter, producer, teacher and recording artist Happy Traum has made his life a musical one. He dropped in on The Paul Leslie Hour for an exclusive interview. Happy Traum has appeared / recorded with an impressive list of artists: Bob Dylan, John Sebastian, Larry Campbell, Allen Ginsberg, etc. He's recorded several songs and has interpreted both his own compositions, but also folk songs and songs written by other writers. The other side of Happy Traum, of course, is Home Spun, a company that provides resources for learning music instruction. Home Spun offers downloads, DVDs, books and CDs to teach proficiency in a variety of musical instruments. Some of the greatest musicians in history have provided these lessons on just about every instrument imaginable. The history of Happy Traum is a fascinating one. He's seen and heard a lot. Thankfully, he provided this entertaining and light-hearted interview for the show. Enjoy the Happy experience! The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#563 - Cindy Cashdollar Cindy Cashdollar is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. Much respected as a resonator slide, lap steel and steel guitarist, Cindy Cashdollar is in a class of her own. Her new album is called "Waltz for Abilene" and is a great collection of tunes and features some phenomenal guest artists joining her. The title cut is splendid and was composed by Cashdollar. Cindy Cashdollar has worked with a great number of artists. She played for 8 years with Asleep at the Wheel, which lead to collaborations with Willie Nelson, Lyle Lovett, Merle Haggard and Dolly Parton. As for recording work, she's collaborated with Van Morrison, Bob Dylan, Leon Redbone, Livingston Taylor, Artie and Happy Traum to name, but a few. It's not everyday that you encounter an artist with the skill and finesse of Cindy Cashdollar. Listen to this relaxed, soulful interview with her and be very glad you did. She's right here on The Paul Leslie Hour. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#562 - Freddy Koella Freddy Koella is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. Master guitarist Freddy Koella joins The Paul Leslie Hour to talk about his incredible experience as a guitarist, composer, producer and recording artist. Koella has worked with everyone from Willy DeVille, k.d. lang, Bob Dylan, Zachary Richard, Carla Bruni, Johnny Hallyday and others. He's also produced and worked with such up and coming artists as Ayọ and Hugh Coltman. Koella has recorded two solo albums of his compositions: "Minimal" in 2005 and "Undone" in 2011. There is a third Freddy Koella album in the works. Great to have Freddy Koella joining The Paul Leslie Hour from France! The Paul Leslie Hour - Helping People Tell Their Stories is a talk show with new episodes every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#561 - Luke Faust Luke Faust is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. Luke Faust has seen, heard and done a lot. He is a folksinger, songwriter, poet, multi-instrumentalist and performer. In addition to his work as a musical artist, he teaches dance. In the early 1960s, Faust could be seen and heard performing on the banjo at the Gaslight Cafe in Greenwich Village, New York City. He met and knew many of the musicians such as Dave Von Ronk and Bob Dylan. Dylan wrote about Faust in his book Chronicles Vol. 1. Luke Faust joins The Paul Leslie Hour from New Mexico. With his wife Dena Reynolds, he performs a couple of songs on this episode. Luke Faust is a compelling artist and human being. Meet him here on The Paul Leslie Hour. There's a lot to learn. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#560 - Bill Flanagan Bill Flanagan is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. On this episode, I speak to Bill Flanagan, a man who has had some very fascinating experiences and has communicated about those experiences in a variety of ways. He is an author, television producer, radio personality and was executive at MTV Networks and Viacom Music Group. Bill Flanagan produced the renowned TV Series Crossroads and Storytellers. He's written for Rolling Stone, Vanity Fair, Esquire, GQ, and The New York Times. He's contributed essays to "CBS Sunday Morning," and hosts shows on Sirius XM. What's more, he wrote the recent documentary film Jimmy Carter: Rock and Roll President and is the author of several books, both non-fiction and fiction covering everything from rock songwriters, the band U2, to The Three Stooges. He's authored several novels. His fourth is the very intriguing and funny Fifty in Reverse, which tells the story of 15 year old Peter Wyatt. Peter believes he is 65 years old, having fallen asleep at his house in New York in the year 2020. I met Bill Flanagan in 2009 after the taping of CMT's Crossroads with Jimmy Buffett and the Zac Brown Band. He's been friends with Buffett since the 70s and is also credited as a co-writer of the song "Buffet Hotel." Having read a lot of his work, I wanted to interview Bill Flanagan for years. He's a man with a lot of interesting perspective. I found him very easy to talk to, and I hope there is a next time. Dig the Bill Flanagan vibe, right here on The Paul Leslie Hour. Happy listening. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#559 - Danny O’Keefe Danny O’Keefe is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. It's what any songwriter dreams of. To write a standard. Danny O’Keefe is the original singer and songwriter of "Good Time Charlie's Got the Blues." His signature song, it has gone on to be recorded by everyone from Elvis Presley, Jerry Lee Lewis, Waylon Jennings, Willie Nelson, Dwight Yoakam, Steve Forbert and instrumentalists like Chet Atkins and Earl Klugh. Danny O'Keefe has written a lot of songs and made some really great records. A much respected writer in music, he's shared co-writing credits with Bob Dylan, Vince Melamed and the late Tim Krekel to name a few. Some of his other songs were recorded by Jackson Browne, Glen Campbell, Judy Collins, Jimmy Buffett, Ben Harper, John Denver and others. In recent years, he wrote and recorded an album entitled "Looking Glass & The Dreamers," the result of years of deep, historical research on the Nez Perce tribe. Future projects related to this topic are in the works. Danny O'Keefe is one of a kind. Not many can say they share his distinctions and unique credits. It's a great pleasure to welcome him on The Paul Leslie Hour! The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#558 - Harvey Brooks Harvey Brooks is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. Interview recorded April 28, 2021. Harvey Brooks is a bassist, recording artist, memoirist and teacher. He has worked with some of the greatest artists in history, from Miles Davis to Bob Dylan. He joined The Paul Leslie Hour from Jerusalem for this exclusive interview. His book View from the Bottom was published in 2020 with an audio version forthcoming. He also made his debut as a singer with his debut solo album "Elegant Geezer." I've wanted to welcome Harvey Brooks on the show for a long time. It's great to make this a reality. Happy listening! The Paul Leslie Hour - Helping People Tell Their Stories is a talk show with new episodes every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#557 - Larry Campbell & Teresa Williams Larry Campbell and Teresa Williams are Special Guests on The Paul Leslie Hour. Larry Campbell and Teresa Williams are veteran musicians, performers and recording artists. In addition to their separate projects, they've taken the stage together and worked in the recording studio. They've also shared the screen in a 10-part docu-series, "It Was the Music." Larry is a multi-instrumentalist, singer-songwriter. He's also known for touring with Bob Dylan from 1997-2004. Teresa has a theatrical background and is also known for originating the role of Sara Carter in the musical "Keep on the Sunny Side." Their collective talents and experiences have created the act "Larry Campbell & Teresa Williams," which has won the hearts of music fans with their performances and recordings. It's a pleasure to welcome this very talented duo, right here on The Paul Leslie Hour. Listen in! The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#556 - Byron Berline Byron Berline is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. Joining us on The Paul Leslie Hour is Byron Berline, a legendary fiddle player, and a master of many styles of music: old time folk, bluegrass, country, ragtime and rock. As a recording artist, he's made many fine records. As a session musician, he's contributed to many albums from the top bands and artists: Bob Dylan, The Rolling Stones, Willie Nelson, Elton John, Eagles, The Band and many greats from yesteryear: Bill Monroe, Doc Watson and Earl Scruggs. Byron Berine is also known for running the Double Stop Fiddle Shop: Oklahoma's largest collection of violins and bows. He wrote the book "A Fiddler's Diary" along with Jane Frost, which tells the story of his life. Meet Byron Berline! He's right here on The Paul Leslie Hour. It's a great pleasure. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#555 - Jim Keltner Jim Keltner is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour! On this episode of The Paul Leslie Hour, we are in the presence of a great artist. Jim Keltner is known as a drummer who has received great acclaim for his contributions to some of the most beloved tracks in popular music. Jim Keltner has been called "the leading session drummer in America." Keltner is also known as a record producer. Noteworthy are the two albums he produced for Jerry Lee Lewis: "Rock & Roll Time," and "Mean Old Man," among other productions for himself and others. It's a long list of great artists Jim Keltner has worked with. To name, but a few: John Lennon, Bob Dylan, Ringo Starr, George Harrison, Eric Clapton, Carly Simon, Leon Russell, Barbra Streisand, Joe Cocker, Randy Newman, Bruce Cockburn, Diana Krall, Steely Dan, Melody Gardot and countless others. It's a great pleasure to welcome the beloved musician and personality, Jim Keltner. He's right here on The Paul Leslie Hour. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#554 - Brian Whitman Brian Whitman is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. His world is where technology meets art. The journey of Brian Whitman has included both the path of a musician and a technologist. These two worlds have been the perfect complement for the innovation he oversees with Seer. Found online at seer.la, their business is "modern video tools built by and for artists and creators." Entertainers and performers using livestream have found a top quality conduit with Brian Whitman at the helm. He's had some great experiences in his journey. Whitman has some stories about his time with the band I Nine: playing and being signed by Clive Davis on J Records, working with producer Rick Beato, and having their music used in the closing credits of a Cameron Crowe film. It's a great conversation with a man who understands the importance of detail in art and technology. Brian Whitman is right here on The Paul Leslie Hour. The Paul Leslie Hour - Helping People Tell Their Stories is a talk show with new episodes every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#553 - Bill LaBounty Bill LaBounty is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. Bill LaBounty is on the show! He's a diverse artist, both in terms of his abilities, but also his style of writing. LaBounty is a performing and recording artist. His most recent release is a bluesy, R&B album "Into Something Blue," which features his own material and also songs by Ray Charles, The Drifters and Bob Dylan. Bill LaBounty is a keyboardist and synthesist and has worked in the studio with everyone from James Taylor to Patti LaBelle. As a songwriter, his work has been recorded by a great number of artists: Steve Wariner, Brooks & Dunn, Ronnie Milsap, Tanya Tucker with Delbert McClinton, Gino Vannelli, Jimmy Buffett, Steve Goodman and Waylon Jennings just to name a few. More than 100 of his songs have been recorded by major artists. LaBounty has performed in the United States, France and Japan and has fans internationally. It's a great pleasure to welcome him on the show. It's a light-hearted, interesting talk with a master musician. Dig the Bill LaBounty vibe, right here on The Paul Leslie Hour. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#552 - Ruta Lee Returns Ruta Lee Returns to The Paul Leslie Hour. Actress, dancer, and now author Ruta Lee joins The Paul Leslie Hour to talk about her new book Consider Your Ass Kissed. It's an entertaining, funny, energizing and touching interview with one of Hollywood's beloved legends, the sensational Ruta Lee! You've seen her on screen in such films as "Seven Brides for Seven Brothers," "Witness for the Prosecution," "Funny Face," and "Sergeant 3." On television she's had more than 2,000 appearances. Now, she makes her debut in the printed world! Her new book Consider Your Ass Kissed, is the memoir of Ruta Lee. She tells humorous, touching and entertaining tales of her friends which include Clint Eastwood, Fred Astaire, Johnny Carson, Frank Sinatra, Phyllis Diller, Julie Newmar, and the founder of the Thalians, Debbie Reynolds. This interview is a great companion to the book. It's a moving, humorous and inspiring interview with a woman who has made a great impression on countless people. She's Ruta Lee and as for having her as a guest? The pleasure is all ours! The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#551 - Bob Fass The Bob Fass Interview is featured on The Paul Leslie Hour. Bob Fass is credited as being “The Father of Free-form FM Radio.” Not many radio presenters can say they have seen and heard first-hand what he has. Bob Fass has broadcast over the New York region for over 50 years. His radio program, Radio Unnameable was originally heard on WBAI in 1963, where it remains to this day. Bob Fass has never allowed himself to be constricted by “rules.” He always did what he wanted, including putting multiple people on the phone at the same time, impromptu interviews. So many iconic artists would join Bob Fass on the radio, including Bob Dylan. His show boasted the first performances of Arlo Guthrie’s “Alice’s Restaurant” and Jerry Jeff Walker’s “Mr. Bojangles.” Some of the other artists who have joined Bob Fass on “Radio Unnameable” Include Joni Mitchell, Otis Spann, Ramblin’ Jack Elliott, Tiny Tim, Frank Zappa, Phil Ochs, Judy Collins, Phoebe Snow and so many others. Bob Fass was the subject of a full-length documentary entitled “Radio Unnameable.” In this interview, we get to the essence of a man who has been communicating for decades. Of particular interest is what Bob Fass thinks the most important thing, his friendship with Bob Dylan and the importance of communication. Bob Fass is a fascinating man. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#550 - Joe Nick Patoski The Joe Nick Patoski Interview is featured on The Paul Leslie Hour. Joe Nick Patoski is a writer, historian and Texan. Singer-songwriter Willie Nelson has captured the hearts and imaginations of generations. Our guest Joe Nick Patoski is the author of Willie Nelson: an Epic Life. He wrote this biography of Willie Nelson after conducting over 100 interviews with Willie Nelson and Family. Willie Nelson: An Epic Life, was published by Little, Brown and Company received critical acclaim and widespread popularity among Nelson’s fans. It's considered one of the greatest Willie Nelson books. Listen to the interview with Joe Nick Patoski right here on The Paul Leslie Hour. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#549 - Ron Hargrave Ron Hargrave is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. Our guest is Ron Hargrave, a renowned ukulele and banjolele player, songwriter, performer and recording artist. He has also worked as a boxer and actor. Hargrave has performed and recording under his own name and as Johnny Deerfield. His song "High School Confidential," appeared on the very first Jerry Lee Lewis album and became known as one of Jerry's signature songs. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. SHOW LESS This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#548 - Lyle Lovett Lyle Lovett is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour! He can best be defined as a great entertainer, singer, songwriter and humorist. Lyle Lovett is greatly respected as a concert performer. And his recording career has spanned 35 years and has resulted in 4 Grammy Awards. Lovett and his songs are iconic. Lyle Lovett drew inspiration from many of the great songwriters, and among them would be Willis Alan Ramsey. Ramsey wrote and recorded one of the most critically acclaimed, influential albums in American music. Lovett and Ramsey have had a long friendship, musical collaborations and co-wrote songs together. In fact, Lyle Lovett and Willis Alan Ramsey will be featured in a livestream event of conversation and song on April 9, 2021 at 9:00 PM (Eastern) / 8:00 PM (Central). It will be available to watch through April 11. Tickets are available at http://www.lylelovett.com Welcoming Lyle Lovett on The Paul Leslie Hour is a tremendous privilege and the interview is a lively one. Topics include his association with Willis Alan Ramsey, Lovett's many duets, whether we can expect a new Lyle Lovett album and more. It's all right here on The Paul Leslie Hour. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#547 - Willis Alan Ramsey Willis Alan Ramsey is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. I am ecstatic to present an exclusive interview with one of America's great troubadours. I've wanted to welcome him on the show for years. He's been called a cult legend. A singer-songwriter, concert performer and recording artist, Willis Alan Ramsey is here on The Paul Leslie Hour. A very influential artist, the songs of Willis Alan Ramsey have been recorded by a great variety of artists: country artists like Waylon Jennings, Jerry Jeff Walker, Jimmie Dale Gilmore, and also singer-songwriters like Eric Clapton, Shawn Colvin and Jimmy Buffett who said "I think he is one of the best writers I have ever known." Groups have recorded his work as well: America, The Captain & Tennille and Widespread Panic. One of the great artists who has covered and collaborated with Willis Alan Ramsey is the iconic Lyle Lovett. There is a very special event coming up this week. Lyle Lovett and Willis Alan Ramsey in Conversation and Song. You can get the ticket on http://www.lylelovett.com Friday April 9th at 9 PM ET / 8 PM CT. You'll be able to watch through April 11th. This interview is a great preview of what to come. It's an honor to have you join us for the first Willis Alan Ramsey interview, right here on The Paul Leslie Hour! The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture. This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

#546 - G. E. Smith & LeRoy Bell G. E. Smith & LeRoy Bell are special guests on The Paul Leslie Hour. One of the splendid things about The Paul Leslie Hour is the opportunity to promote music that a wide variety of people would enjoy. G. E. Smith & LeRoy Bell have released a collaborative album, "Stoney Hill." You may be familiar with these artists. G. E. is a legendary guitarist and songwriter. He was frontman for the Saturday Night Live Band, toured with Hall & Oates as well as Bob Dylan. LeRoy is a phenomenal singer and songwriter known for his solo career and also Bell and Jones. Everyone from Elton John to Gladys Knight has recorded songs he wrote. It was a great honor to connect with these two exceptional musicians. They're right here on The Paul Leslie Hour! The Paul Leslie Hour - Helping People Tell Their Stories is a talk show with new episodes every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#545 - Maia Sharp Maia Sharp is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. Singer-songwriter, producer and recording artist Maia Sharp is about to release her new album "Mercy Rising." She joins The Paul Leslie Hour for an interview and even performs a few songs that will be on the record. Some of the best singers ever have recorded her work: Bonnie Raitt, Trisha Yearwood, Art Garfunkel, Edwin McCain. Her own recordings have received great critical and fan acclaim. It's an honor to welcome Maia Sharp, a great artist on The Paul Leslie Hour. She's an interesting and relatable guest. I hope you all enjoy this new collection of songs as much as I do. The Paul Leslie Hour - Helping People Tell Their Stories is a talk show with new episodes every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

Episode Notes The John Sebastian Interview is featured on The Paul Leslie Hour. This interview was very exciting to conduct. It was recorded a number of years back at the Roswell Cultural Arts Center in Roswell, Georgia before a John Sebastian concert. John Sebastian is a founding member of The Lovin' Spoonful and an inductee in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. He's written some of the greatest songs ever: "Do You Believe in Magic?," "Welcome Back," "Stories We Could Tell," "Summer in the City," "Daydream" and so many others. Sebastian is a wonderful performer, singer, harmonica player and guitarist. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#543 - Bob Edwards The Bob Edwards interview is featured on The Paul Leslie Hour! Bob Edwards has interviewed 50,000 people and counting in the fields of the Arts & Entertainment, Politics, Literature and Journalism. His style of interviewing is more of a conversation and this fact has lead many iconic people to come back to him again and again. Bob Edwards is an inductee in the National Radio Hall of Fame and a Peabody Award-winner. He was the first host of NPR's Morning Edition. He went on to host The Bob Edwards Show on Sirius XM and Bob Edwards Weekend which was heard on public radio stations across the country. These days he can be heard on the podcast Take on Today from AARP. What makes Bob Edwards so remarkable is that he approaches all interviews with the same curiosity. He believes we all have a story. It’s a true joy to have Bob Edwards share his story this time, with all of us. The Paul Leslie Hour - Helping People Tell Their Stories is a talk show with new episodes every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#542 - Brigitte DeMeyer Brigitte DeMeyer is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. Brigitte DeMeyer has an authentic, powerful voice. A fabulous songwriter, an expressive performer and recording artist. She has a new album coming out, "Seeker," which she describes as a mix of poetry and soul. For those who aren't familiar with Brigitte DeMeyer, this interview is a warm and casual introduction. And for her fans, it gives good insight into her latest album and some of the inspirations. It's a great look at a critically-acclaimed artist. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#541 - Natalie Goldberg Returns Natalie Goldberg returns to The Paul Leslie Hour. Joining us for a second time: the best-selling author Natalie Goldberg. She's written 15 books — everything from memoirs, collections of essays, poetry, writing books, and a novel. Her recent book is Three Simple Lines: A Writer's Pilgrimage into the Heart and Homeland of Haiku. This interview is an entertaining look at haiku and some of Natalie Goldberg's recollections and thoughts about the poetry art form. Those interested in haiku, poetry in general, writing as a practice and Japan will find this interview a captivating exploration with great storytelling. Natalie reads great haikus to the audience to start the show. Those who have read "Three Simple Lines" will find this listening experience an enjoyable companion. For those who are not familiar, you may find yourself inspired to pick up a copy. It's a great pleasure to announce, the second interview with Natalie Goldberg. Right here on The Paul Leslie Hour! The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#540 - Lauren Monroe Lauren Monroe is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. Lauren Monroe is a singer-songwriter, musician and author whose work is intended to create a personal and authentic experience for her audience, promoting healing and personal growth, beyond just mere entertainment and listening pleasure. Her albums include Under the Wolf Moon, Big Love EP, The Freedom Sessions, Oneness Chant, Raven Drum Circle, and Chakra Chants. She is the author of “21 Ways To Resiliency.” Lauren and her husband, Rick Allen, drummer of Def Leppard, are cofounders of the Raven Drum Foundation that uses music as therapy. She joins us on this version of The Paul Leslie Hour to discuss her latest record, Run with Wolves. Inspired as a young girl by the music of Jim Morrison, Lauren Monroe has gone on to create her own shamanic experience! —Copy by John Paradise. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#539 - Vince Melamed Vince Melamed is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. He's a storied man and a multi-talent. Voice talent, keyboardist, hit songwriter and recording artist Vince Melamed dropped in on The Paul Leslie Hour for a most entertaining interview. Melamed has worked with the biggest acts in music: Bob Dylan, Jimmy Buffett, Eagles, Dan Fogelberg, Bobby Womack and more. He's also a hit songwriter and some of the artists who have recorded his work include Trisha Yearwood, Phil Vassar, Ty Herndon, Jimmy Buffett, Tina Turner and others. Vince Melamed is a natural storyteller! I hope to have him back on The Paul Leslie Hour someday soon. The Paul Leslie Hour - Helping People Tell Their Stories is a talk show with new episodes every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#538 - Don McLean - Third Interview Don McLean's third interview on The Paul Leslie Hour! Singer-songwriter, performing and recording artist Don McLean joins The Paul Leslie Hour with an exclusive interview. The classic album "American Pie" celebrates it's 50th year in 2021. McLean was first a guest back in 2011 to discuss the 40th anniversary of the album. He discusses the album, America, cancel culture and speaking your mind, songwriting, being a good recording artist, the new version of the song "American Pie" by the A Capella group "Home Free," and ends with a discussion of The Star Spangled Banner. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#537 - Matt Rollings Matt Rollings is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. Pianist, record producer, songwriter, arranger and recording artist Matt Rollings is a masterful and innovative musician. This interview begins with a discussion of his work co-producing the new Willie Nelson record "That's Life," featuring Nelson's interpretations of songs made famous by Frank Sinatra. Rollings path has intersected with many legends. This interview helped gain insight on legendary record producer Buddy Cannon, Willie Nelson, Lyle Lovett and Ramblin' Jack Elliott. It's an in-depth, but casual conversation with an eloquent and endlessly creative man. Don't miss Matt Rollings, right here on The Paul Leslie Hour. The Paul Leslie Hour - Helping People Tell Their Stories is a talk show with new episodes every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#536 - Frank Vignola Frank Vignola is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour! Frank Vignola is one of the great American-born jazz guitarists out there. He has gained significant acclaim as a recording artist and performer, but also as a teacher. He's worked with so many of the giants of jazz: Bucky Pizzarelli, Eddy Davis, Gene Bertoncini, Ken Peplowski, Wynton Marsalis and Howard Alden. Vignola's mastery has also lead him to work with everyone from Ringo Starr to Madonna, Donald Fagen and Leon Redbone. This interview with Frank Vignola is short and sweet. Talking with Vignola is like having coffee with an old pal. He shares what he learned Les Paul, making a samba record with Eddy Davis and how jazz artists can create performances that appeal to a wide variety of people. I hope this is not the last time Frank Vignola drops in on The Paul Leslie Hour! The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#535 - Buddy Morra The Buddy Morra Interview is featured on The Paul Leslie Hour. Buddy Morra was a retired talent manager who worked for the prestigious management firm Rollins & Joffe. Born in 1930, he passed away in 2019. Through the years he represented great talent like comedians David Letterman, Billy Crystal, Robin Williams and jazz guitarist John Pizzarelli. Needless to say, he had a lot of stories to tell. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#534 - The Amazing Kreskin Returns The Amazing Kreskin Returns to The Paul Leslie Hour! The Amazing Kreskin, the iconic mentalist and entertainer is interviewed on The Paul Leslie Hour. There is much news on the Kreskin front. He's released a book that is a combination of text, photographs and fascinating (and amazing) comics. It's an entertaining look at the man, entitled "The Adventures of the Amazing Kreskin." Also on the horizons is The Kreskin Experience II, where the Amazing Kreskin will amaze you and teach you mental techniques that can carry with you for life. The training will be conducted online, making it available everywhere. The Amazing Kreskin also shares his thoughts about the Dr. Seuss books making the news and the passing of the great broadcaster Larry King. It's all right here on The Paul Leslie Hour. Amazing? Yes. The Paul Leslie Hour - Helping People Tell Their Stories is a talk show with new episodes every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#533 - T. G. Sheppard T. G. Sheppard is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. Hit recording artist T. G. Sheppard is a seasoned veteran of the music business with 21 #1 hits. T. G.'s performances and recordings have gained great critical and fan acclaim. He is considered one of the top 100 country artists of all time. T. G. Sheppard dropped in on The Paul Leslie Hour to talk about his new single "I'm A Song" from his album "Midnight in Memphis," what he learned from Elvis Presley, what makes a great singer and more. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.

#532 - Jenny Yates Jenny Yates is a special guest on The Paul Leslie Hour. Jenny Yates is an undeniable artist. An incomparable singer who is a pleasure to listen to and a magnificent songwriter. She's sung, performed and recorded her own music. Her album "Out of the Blue" has been well received. Yates is an award-winning hit songwriter. Many are aware of the hit song Garth Brooks recorded, "Standing Outside the Fire," which he wrote with her. Yates has co-written more than a dozen songs with Brooks, but has also written with such luminaries as the late Andrew Gold as well as blues artist Keb 'Mo,' and the legendary Janis Ian. Many in the country music world recorded songs written or co-written by Jenny Yates: Kathy Mattea, Sammy Kershaw, Dan Seals, Gary Morris, Pam Tillis, Wynnona, Moe Bandy, Eddie Rabbitt and others. This interview is in-depth and will hopefully not be the only exchange with this super talent. We're also treated to some solo acoustic / vocal performances with Jenny Yates. She's right here on The Paul Leslie Hour and you're invited to listen. The Paul Leslie Hour is a talk show dedicated to “Helping People Tell Their Stories.” Some of the most iconic people of all time drop in to chat. Frequent topics include Arts, Entertainment and Culture.