HVAC School - For Techs, By Techs

In this insightful podcast episode, the host delves into the crucial aspects of positive and productive client communication, drawing from his extensive experience in the residential air conditioning industry. He emphasizes the importance of setting the right tone, bringing energy, building trust, and adapting to different customer personalities when interacting with clients. The host highlights the key elements of positive communication, such as maintaining a consistently upbeat and enthusiastic demeanor, while also being mindful of the client's preferences. He stresses the importance of active listening, to truly understand the customer's needs and concerns, rather than simply waiting for your turn to speak. The host also touches on the challenges of dealing with difficult customers, such as those who are overly focused on price or technical details, and provides strategies for navigating these situations with patience and professionalism. The discussion then shifts to the productive side of client communication, emphasizing the importance of being clear, precise, and solution-oriented. The host delves into the pitfalls of being a "yes-man" and making promises that are difficult to follow through on, and instead encourages a more assertive and responsible approach. He emphasizes the need to take ownership of one's words and actions, ensuring that any commitments made to the client are followed through with diligence and care. The podcast also touches on the significance of situational awareness, wherein the host encourages technicians and salespeople to adapt their communication style based on the client's background and personality. Whether it's an aerospace engineer, a computer programmer, or a contractor, the host provides insights into how to tailor your approach to best serve each individual client. Key Topics Covered: Positive communication: Setting the tone, bringing energy, building trust, and adapting to customer personalities Productive communication: Importance of being clear, precise, and solution-oriented Avoiding the "yes-man" trap and taking responsibility for one's words and actions Situational awareness: Adapting communication style based on client background and personality Dealing with difficult customers and navigating challenging conversations The value of honesty and truthfulness in client interactions Importance of initial conversations and following up on commitments made to clients Balancing empathy and professionalism when addressing clients' personal issues or concerns By addressing these critical aspects of client communication, the podcast provides invaluable insights for professionals in the HVAC industry and beyond, highlighting the key strategies for fostering positive and productive relationships with customers. Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at https://www.speakpipe.com/hvacschool. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

Roman Baugh, Matthew Condron, and Luke Peterson discuss the importance of proper condensate drain installation and maintenance, particularly in commercial applications. The conversation begins with the hosts examining the typical drain configurations seen in different regional markets, highlighting the significant variations in practices across the country. Sizing and configuration of condensate drains can have a significant impact on system performance, especially in high-static pressure systems. He emphasizes that the "one-size-fits-all" approach of using a 2-inch trap is often insufficient, as the static pressure within the system can overcome the trap's ability to prevent air from being sucked into the drain line. The hosts discuss the chart Roman presents, which provides guidance on selecting the appropriate trap depth based on the static pressure of the system. The discussion then delves into the challenges associated with maintaining condensate drains, including the buildup of debris and the potential for double traps or airlock issues. The hosts share their experiences and best practices for cleaning and troubleshooting drain lines, with a particular focus on the importance of understanding the system's airflow and static pressure characteristics. The conversation also touches on the use of condensate pumps, with the hosts expressing mixed opinions on their effectiveness and the potential for issues, particularly in high-humidity environments. The importance of proper insulation and support for drain lines is also highlighted, as sagging or improper installation can lead to further problems over time. Key Topics Covered: Typical drain configurations in different regional markets The impact of static pressure on condensate drain performance Proper trap sizing and depth based on system static pressure Challenges with drain line maintenance and troubleshooting The use of condensate pumps and their potential drawbacks Importance of proper insulation and support for drain lines Strategies for cleaning and maintaining condensate drains Relationship between airflow, static pressure, and drain issues Redundant protection methods, such as secondary drain pans and switches Techniques for identifying and addressing air turbulence issues Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at https://www.speakpipe.com/hvacschool. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this short podcast episode, Bryan explains electronic expansion valve (EEV) types. EEVs perform the same function as TXVs, but they operate electronically, not mechanically. The EEV makes sure that the evaporator is full of the right amount of refrigerant at saturation; it doesn't just affect evaporator pressure. We don't want high superheat (due to inefficiency), and we don't want zero superheat (due to the risk of compressor failure). EEVs commonly have a stepper motor with a set of discrete settings depending on how many rotations the motor has made. It can be fully open or fully closed, and the number of rotations can set the valve at any value between fully open and fully closed; it's open or closed by a specific percentage. Instead of a bulb and external equalizer, a pressure transducer and temperature sensor report to the controller and give the controller the data it needs to open or close the EEV to maintain a specific superheat. Pulse-width modulation (PWM) allows an EEV to open and close rapidly. Unlike a stepper motor, PWM solenoids make an EEV stay fully open or fully closed for a specific percentage of time. It receives pressure information from a pressure transducer and temperature information from a thermistor or thermocouple. As with a TXV, you would look at superheat and pressures to make sure the EEVs are operating correctly. Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at https://www.speakpipe.com/hvacschool. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

This episode of the HVAC School Live Stream covers the key concepts around heat pump efficiency and understanding the coefficient of performance (COP). Eric Kaiser from TruTech Tools and Jim Fultz from White-Rodgers provide valuable insights into how heat pumps operate and how to optimize their performance, especially in colder weather conditions. The discussion begins by exploring the COP of heat pumps and how it compares to the efficiency of electric resistance heat. A COP above 1 means the heat pump is delivering more heat for the same amount of energy input compared to electric resistance heat. Many homeowners mistakenly believe they should switch to emergency heat once the outdoor temperature drops, thinking the heat pump is no longer efficient. However, even at very low outdoor temperatures, a well-designed heat pump can still operate with a COP above 1, making it a more cost-effective heating option than emergency heat. The conversation then delves into the concept of the thermal balance point, which is the outdoor temperature at which the heat pump can no longer meet the heating load of the home. The guests discuss how to calculate this balance point and how to set up controls to optimize the use of the heat pump and any supplemental heating sources, such as electric resistance heat or a gas furnace in a dual-fuel system. They emphasize the importance of proper air distribution and avoiding blowing cold air directly on the occupants, which can be a common complaint with heat pumps. Key Topics Covered: Coefficient of Performance (COP) and how it compares to electric resistance heat Efficiency of heat pumps at low outdoor temperatures Thermal balance point and how to calculate it Optimizing control settings to balance heat pump and auxiliary heat usage Importance of proper air distribution and avoiding blowing cold air directly on occupants Considerations for dual-fuel systems with both a heat pump and a gas furnace Best practices for programming thermostats and control systems to ensure optimal performance and comfort Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at https://www.speakpipe.com/hvacschool. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this short podcast episode, Bryan talks about motor protection types, including overloads. The most common overload we see in residential HVAC is a built-in thermal overload, which is usually a bimetallic disk that flexes in response to heat (such as from a locked condition, electrical problem, or simply running hot) and opens the circuit. The two metals have different expansion and contraction rates, which causes the flexing; they will return to their original position once the motor cools down. In some cases, these can fail when they open and close too often; they are not designed for switching duty. Many circuit breakers have a similar thermal design and may be prone to nuisance tripping in the summer. A lot of commercial motors rely on external overloads; some are even built into the electrical box rather than the compressor. These external magnetic overloads are often integrated into the contactor, which turns the motor on and off; this type of contactor is called a starter. These starters may have adjustable overload settings based on current, not just temperature (which may also respond to nuisance sources of heat and require a cooldown period). Some circuit breakers also trip magnetically and are less likely to be affected by temperature. Thermistor-based overloads usually consist of a PTC (positive temperature coefficient) resistor; as temperature goes up, resistance goes up, which can take a motor winding out of the circuit. NTCs are in separate parallel circuits with relays; as the resistance decreases, it pulls in a coil that opens the circuit. Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at https://www.speakpipe.com/hvacschool. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

This podcast features a lively discussion on expansion valves, particularly thermostatic expansion valves (TXVs or TEVs), with a panel of expert guests - Corey Cruz (a market refrigeration tech), Matthew Taylor (head of refrigeration service at Kalos), and Joe Shearer (with Precision Air Conditioning). The conversation kicks off by busting some common myths surrounding expansion valves. The guests agree that minutiae like the precise clocking (rotational orientation) of the sensing bulb or whether it's mounted horizontally or vertically tend to be overemphasized. The key is ensuring good thermal contact between the bulb and refrigerant line. They dive into the operating principles of an expansion valve, explaining how it's essentially a balanced system of forces between the inlet (liquid) pressure, the outlet (suction) pressure, the pressure in the sensing bulb corresponding to superheat, and the adjustable spring force. Getting the superheat dialed in properly is crucial for efficient system operation. The experts share valuable insights on best practices like avoiding heat damage during brazing, using the right valve for the application, not adjusting the valve unnecessarily, allowing stable operation before making adjustments, and considerations like external equalizers. Real-world examples and demonstrations with failed valve components illustrate the importance of proper installation and maintenance. Topics covered include: Common expansion valve myths and overemphasized factors How an expansion valve works and the balanced forces involved Superheat, hunting, and minimum stable superheat Recommended bulb insulation practices for different applications Proper bulb mounting, clamping techniques, and thermal contact When and how to adjust the valve (or not) Effects of plugged external equalizers and pressure drops Selecting the right valve size and type (bleed vs hard shutoff) Common installation errors like reverse flow direction Troubleshooting tips for various systems and scenarios Importance of airflow, load conditions, and other system factors Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at https://www.speakpipe.com/hvacschool. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this short podcast episode, Bryan answers an audience member's question and explains how to learn superheat & subcooling, two fundamental aspects of the HVAC/R trade. You can submit questions of your own at https://www.speakpipe.com/hvacschool. Saturation is when a substance is in the liquid and vapor state in the same place. Eugene Silberstein likes to help us envision it by encouraging us to think of a horizon line on the ocean; anything below it is fully liquid (subcooled, what a submarine would travel through), and anything above it is a vapor (superheated, which a flying superhero would travel through). Superheat and subcooling can tell you a bit about how the HVAC system's main components are operating. High superheat indicates that there's more vapor in the evaporator, and you're not getting as much efficiency out of your evaporator as you probably could. High subcooling indicates that you're stacking more liquid refrigerant in the condenser, which can be good for efficiency but may also reduce the area of the condenser dedicated to condensing the refrigerant. Superheat and subcooling are NOT just there to help you set the charge; they can tell you a lot about a system and its components. Ty Branaman has a great webpage about superheat, subcooling, and saturation at https://www.love2hvac.com/saturation-superheat-subcooling. You can also visit his YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@love2hvac. Craig Migliaccio (AC Service Tech) also has an excellent book on the topic, which you can learn more about at https://www.acservicetech.com/ac-book. You can also visit his YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@acservicetechchannel. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this episode of the HVAC School Podcast, Bryan Orr and Trevor Matthews delve into the importance of setting goals, focusing on them, and taking actionable steps to achieve them. They emphasize that goal-setting is crucial for personal and professional growth and that it requires introspection, prioritization, and sacrifice. Trevor shares his experience of setting a goal to buy his first house and how writing down the specifics, such as the number of bedrooms and bathrooms, helped him achieve that goal within a few years. He stresses the need to start small, with easily achievable goals, and then gradually build up to larger, more ambitious ones. Bryan and Trevor also discuss the importance of finding your "why" – the deeper motivation behind your goals – as it provides the drive and determination to stay focused and overcome obstacles. They suggest techniques like the "five levels of why" and creating vision boards to help clarify and visualize your goals. Here are some key topics covered in the podcast: · The importance of assessing what you truly want and setting clear goals · Techniques for finding your "why" and staying motivated · Prioritizing tasks and managing distractions to maintain focus · Setting short-term and long-term goals, both personal and professional · The power of small wins and positive reinforcement · Investing in yourself and taking ownership of your career growth · Managing expectations and aligning your goals with your employer's · Overcoming the mindset of waiting for the "right" time to start · Practical strategies like scheduling, time-blocking, and budgeting to achieve financial goals Overall, the podcast encourages listeners to take control of their lives, continuously learn and grow, and make consistent progress toward their goals, no matter how small the steps may seem. Check out Trevor's Refrigeration Mentor program at https://refrigerationmentor.com/. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this short podcast episode, Bryan talks about when to switch to emergency heat. He talks about coefficient of performance (COP) and how it's a deciding factor when to run emergency heat, which is when a system ONLY runs the backup heat; it doesn't use it as supplementary heat. When we have a heat pump with backup electric heat, we shouldn't ever rely just on emergency heat; we want the heat pump to run. Electric heat is just designed to supplement the heat pump's heating because it's inefficient. Hybrid or dual-fuel systems can use gas or hydronic fuel-based heat, and they work well on their own (such as if the heat pump is broken). You can't usually run the fuel-based emergency heat at the same time as your heat pump, so it makes sense to run just the emergency heat if it is fuel-based. The thermal balance point is the point at which the heat pump can no longer keep up with the heating load by itself; the temperature in the space will start to drop, but the heat pump will still produce heat. The thermal balance point can give us a clue about client comfort, not efficiency. COP is a measure of efficiency, and an electric heater has a COP of 1. A heat pump with a COP above 1 saves energy (compared to using just electric heat). COP is the heat delivered in BTUs divided by the energy supplied; it's a ratio. You can read the "Good COP - Bad COP" tech tip at https://hvacrschool.com/good-cop-bad-cop/. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

Shelby Breger, co-founder of Conduit Tech, joins Bryan Orr on the HVAC School Podcast to discuss her company's innovative lidar-enabled design and sales software tool for HVAC contractors. Conduit Tech's software utilizes lidar sensors in iPads and iPhones to scan homes and create 3D models and 2D floor plans. It overlays load calculations factoring in property data, orientation, cooling/heating degree days, and building materials. This allows contractors to perform detailed load calculations on-site in just 15 minutes or less while engaging homeowners visually. Breger explains that the core goal is to empower contractors to deliver better-designed systems more efficiently while enhancing the customer experience. Homeowners get to see the level of work and customization involved, building appreciation for the contractor's services. The visuals help communicate potential comfort issues and how the proposed solution uniquely addresses their home's needs. Breger emphasizes that Conduit Tech is focused on solving fundamental industry pain points identified through continuous feedback from their contractor user base. The software has evolved to provide more flexibility to adapt to the realities of home visits. New features like augmented reality equipment visualization further enhance the customer engagement capabilities. Topics covered include: How Conduit Tech's lidar scanning and modeling works Using the software for room-by-room or whole home load calculations Integrating data sources like property records, ASHRAE design conditions, etc. Aligning with ACCA Manual J methodologies and certifications Improving load calculation accuracy through real-world monitoring Leveraging technology to streamline processes across sales, design, and installation The value proposition for contractors and homeowners Roadmap for adding features based on user feedback How contractors can get started with Conduit Tech's software Contractors interested in trying out Conduit Tech can visit https://www.getconduit.com/, or they can email [email protected] or [email protected] to learn more and schedule a demo. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this short podcast episode, Bryan talks about the four different combustion venting categories for gas appliances as set by ASHRAE and where you'll see them. He also shares some notes about pressurization. These categories deal with the pressurization and temperature ranges of the vents. Category 1 venting is used for old-school open-combustion gas furnaces; they have high flue gas temperatures and are considered low or mid-efficiency furnaces. This venting category is not positively pressurized, and it has a single-wall flue and operates more like chimneys, as the appliance is usually under negative pressure; a draft is created and draws the flue gas out. It's non-condensing, negative-pressure venting. Category 2 venting is not common anymore; they operate with negative pressure in the vent, and condensation is still likely. Category 3 venting is non-condensing positive-pressure venting. These are more common in older through-the-wall appliances. Category 4 venting is condensing, positive-pressure venting for high-efficiency or condensing gas appliances with lower-temperature flues and sealed combustion. PVC is the most common venting material for these furnaces. We can recover some energy from the condensation process. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this episode of the HVAC School Podcast, host Bryan Orr speaks with Jennifer Manzo, founder of HVA-Chicks Coalition. Jennifer shares her unique background as a longtime teacher and homeschooler who stumbled into the HVAC trade while researching vocational options for her homeschooling students. They discuss the inspiration behind HVA-Chicks, a free training coalition offering technical, career, and personal support to women in HVAC. This includes customized training plans, connecting members with childcare assistance, legal support for discrimination issues, job search help, and more. Jennifer also manages a free 24/7 tech support phone line with several experienced volunteers. She explains why she dedicates endless hours to serving others in the industry at no cost - to provide the help and community she wished for when first starting out. Jennifer actively works to build women up by first offering them psychological safety and security. When women feel unconditionally cared for, they gain the internal strength and courage needed to push past obstacles in this male-dominated field. Key topics covered: · Jennifer's journey from teaching to HVAC · Lifelong learning · Overview of HVA-Chicks Coalition offerings · Managing a free 24/7 tech support phone line · Motivations for serving the industry with no payment · Providing psychological safety/security for women technicians You can learn more about the great resources HVA-Chicks has to offer at https://hvachicks.com/, visit Skillcat to check out the blog where Jennifer writes, and find Jennifer on social media as Hvachicks Jennifer. You may contact Jennifer by her public email at [email protected]. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this short podcast episode, Bryan dives into some belt talk, including some bits about pulleys and sheaves. He also shares some belt tensioning tips for your next commercial HVAC job. Belts are less common than they used to be, but we find them in ventilation fans, RTUs, and AHUs. Squealing belts indicate slippage, which indicates fan inefficiency and energy losses. Belts transmit energy from the motor (pulley) to the fan or blower wheel being driven by it. Motor mounts may be adjustable, but there will be a means of adjusting the tension of the belt. Before we change or replace a belt, we need to make sure the belt is properly aligned (centers should have the proper distance and pitch). Common sense and good observation skills will be your best tools. Adjustable sheaves shouldn't be touched when you're changing the belt; the adjustment of the sheave is for airflow based on the RPM of the fan motor, not tensioning or setting amperage. We set belt tension by tensioning with a specific tool: a belt tensioner. Belts should be as loose as possible without slipping, but belts will loosen a bit over time and with everyday use, and they may slip eventually. Wear on the pulleys may also cause belts to slip. Cogged belts, also called notch belts, may bend more easily, last longer, and be more efficient due to reduced resistance (compared to non-cogged belts). Belt efficiency can also be affected by alignment and tightness (being too tight). Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this episode of the HVAC School Podcast, host Bryan Orr speaks with Chris Hughes of The Energy Conservatory (TEC) about using the Roomulator card and DG-8 manometer for room pressurization testing. Chris provides background on how he came up with the idea for the Roomulator. He wanted an easy way for technicians to properly size passive returns to relieve pressure imbalances between bedrooms and the main body of a home. The Roomulator card enables technicians to quickly measure door undercuts and size transfer ducts, grilles, etc., to reduce room pressures to 3 Pascals or less per ENERGY STAR guidelines. When paired with the DG-8 micromanometer, the system provides precision room pressurization measurement. They discuss reasons why excessive room pressures can cause comfort, efficiency, and indoor air quality issues. Removing positive pressure helps reduce airflow through leaks in exterior walls, lighting fixtures, etc. Chris also talks about how the Roomulator is an affordable "gateway tool" for technicians to get started with building science and air pressure dynamics. DG-8 allows technicians to perform several other tests beyond room pressurization as they advance their skills. Key topics covered: TrueFlow grid and DG-8 manometer Origins and purpose of the Roomulator card The step-by-step process for using Roomulator and DG-8 Impacts of room pressurization on comfort, efficiency, IAQ Role as an introductory tool for building science testing The collaboration of NCI and TEC You can learn more about the Roomulator and purchase a few at https://store.energyconservatory.com/roomulator.html. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this short podcast, Bryan dives into a gas heating topic: primary & secondary air in combustion. Primary air is the air and oxygen content that enters the furnace BEFORE combustion. In older furnaces, prior to induced combustion, air was drawn in through the front. These older furnaces had adjustable shutters that we could modify to bring in more or less primary air based on our combustion analysis readings. We could also use flame color to get an idea of the CO content (yellow tips on the flames indicate higher carbon monoxide content). In systems like those, air is drawn in via Bernoulli's principle; there are areas of low pressure around areas of high velocity. There is pressure associated with the natural gas, which draws air into the burner. Nowadays, we have induced draft systems (not to be confused with power-vented systems) to draw air in at a fixed rate for more consistent combustion. These inducer fan blowers are necessary for the more complicated heat exchangers we see in more recent furnaces. Secondary air is the air after combustion. We only want to adjust primary air if we have the correct gas pressure, so we will want to make sure we perform combustion analysis. We can also clock the meter (if applicable), but you will not always have a meter, and you will want it to be informed by combustion analysis. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

This podcast episode is a live rebroadcast of a livestream with Craig Migliaccio (AC Service Tech) and Ty Branaman (love2hvac). It focuses on different types of learning and how to make the most out of learning experiences. The hosts discuss the differences between random learning, goal-driven learning, and forced learning. Random learning involves casually exposing yourself to new information without a specific end goal. It can be useful for sparking curiosity. Goal-driven learning is focused on achieving mastery of a particular topic in order to solve a problem or accomplish something concrete. This type of learning requires effort but tends to be the most effective. Forced learning is when someone else compels you to learn certain material, often for compliance reasons; this type lacks intrinsic motivation. They emphasize surrounding yourself with a community of curious people who can provide encouragement, accountability, and inspiration. Events like the HVACR Symposium and AHR Expo facilitate making these connections. Building personal relationships and enjoying the humanity in the field sustains interest and passion. Key topics covered: The role of books, podcasts, conferences, and interpersonal interactions in learning Differences between propositional, procedural, perspectival, and participatory knowledge Using the Socratic teaching method of asking leading questions Understanding real-world applications of Ohm's Law Distinctions between random, goal-driven, and forced learning Finding joy and connection through education and community Networking with people across the industry at trade events Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this podcast episode, Bryan has an enjoyable conversation with his wife Leilani about navigating family relationships while building a business. They discuss the challenges and benefits of mixing family and work, setting boundaries, and maintaining perspective. Bryan starts by admitting he felt intimidated to have Leilani on the podcast before, joking about her "big muscles and dominating presence." Leilani jokes back, saying Bryan seems less intimidated now that they've been together so long. They then dive into the topic of starting their family business, Kalos, back in 2005. Leilani remembers feeling excited but also some "pain" around Bryan turning down a big raise to go out on his own instead. She was impressed he felt so confident to leave the security of a paycheck, which made her believe Kalos would succeed. However, as a young couple they were already not making much money, so the pay cut hurt. Other topics they discuss: Holding morning meetings with employees in their small home when Kalos was just starting out The awkwardness Leilani felt sometimes hearing family members complain about each other or the business How they've generally had good boundaries between family issues and personal relationships Funny stories about occasionally discussing business at improper times around non-family friends Taking on jobs outside Bryan's wheelhouse (like painting) in the early days out of necessity The importance of being willing to do work others may see as "below them" to make a small business succeed How Bryan easily gets bored doing repetitive tasks, and prefers to delegate Leilani's appreciation that Bryan respects her contributions to the family and doesn't compete with her for time The need for humility and perspective when running a family business Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this solo podcast, Bryan provides an introduction to heat pumps, explaining the basics of how they work and key considerations in a way that is easy for anyone to understand. He starts by reviewing some core HVAC principles - that heat moves from higher temperatures to lower temperatures, the three main methods of heat transfer, and the concept that temperature is really just a measure of molecular movement. He then explains that a heat pump works by taking heat from a place that doesn't matter, like the outdoors, and putting it where it is wanted, like inside a home. This is the opposite of an air conditioner. The only difference in the actual equipment is the addition of a reversing valve to change the direction of refrigerant flow and a defrost control board. He talks about the need to defrost the outdoor coil when ice builds up and what happens in that mode. Some key challenges and design considerations he covers when using heat pumps include: dealing with defrost and where the melt water will go, keeping the outdoor unit free of snow, supplemental heating systems for when the unit can't keep up, increased electrical load, and factors like the climate zone, home efficiency, electricity prices, and infrastructure. He emphasizes that with good design focused around heat pumps, they can work efficiently even in cold climates. Topics covered: · Basics of heat transfer · How heat pumps move heat · Reversing valve and defrost board · Defrost challenges · Supplemental heat · Sizing and design considerations · Use in cold climates Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

This podcast brought together several women working in the HVAC industry to discuss their experiences and offer advice. The conversation focused on the positives of working in HVAC as a woman, the importance of community, and the resources available. The women talked extensively about how welcoming and supportive the HVAC community, and particularly HVAC men, have been towards them. Several got into the industry because of their husbands' work. They agreed the perception that it's difficult for women to break into HVAC does not match their largely positive realities. The biggest challenges they identified related more to things like clothing and bathroom options rather than discrimination or harassment. Advice offered for companies looking to hire more women focused not on targeting women specifically, which could cause resentment, but on ensuring good benefits, upholding anti-discrimination standards, and facilitating connections with other women in the industry. Several mentioned the value of groups like Women in HVAC and the Society of Women Engineers for networking and support. Attending conferences to connect with the HVAC community was also repeatedly recommended. Overall, the positive tone revealed that with the right connections, women can thrive in HVAC careers. All expressed passion for their work and eagerness to encourage more women to explore the industry. Topics covered: Getting into HVAC Challenges for women in HVAC Advice for attracting/supporting women Importance of community Groups like Women in HVAC Conferences/events Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this short podcast, Bryan explains the history of AWG, or American wire gauge, which is the sizing system we use for conductors in the United States. Wires weren't standardized before the 18th century (1700s). As fencing, telegraph, and electrical wires started coming out, there was a need for a standardized system. In England, a standardized system called the Birmingham wire gauge (BWG) was developed in the 1800s. The American Telegraph Company developed the American equivalent, the AWG, shortly afterward. These systems standardized wiring diameters, and the AWG's wire sizes get bigger as they get lower (including NOT wires, which are noted by the number 0 on the gauge, like 2/0). The AWG scale is a logarithmic scale, meaning that the wire sizes don't vary by a fixed amount; there is a 20% variation between diameter sizes. Our brains are programmed to understand proportionality (i.e., logarithmic values and patterns) better than discrete values. This sizing system based on a logarithmic scale makes it easier for us to observe differences between the diameters. The metric system for wire sizing is NOT logarithmic; there is a root-10 progression between sizes; this standard is called IEC 60228. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

Don Gillis and Dr. Chuck Allgood from Chemours join the show to discuss their new easy as "1,2,3" branding around the A2L refrigerants R454A, R454B, and R454C. They explain that A2Ls are not actually flammable like hydrocarbons; they are just mildly combustible with much lower burning velocity and energy than propane or butane. The key is that A2L refrigerants can only be used in equipment specifically designed and tested for them. They outline several equipment changes, like the inclusion of sensors that detect leaks and mitigate risks by shutting down systems. Service ports will be red to denote flammability. Refrigerant cylinders will move away from colors and instead use red bands/markings to signal A2L, along with left-handed threads and updated pressure relief valves. Best practices like nitrogen purging, confined space protocols, and leak repairs will become outright requirements. Tools like recovery machines and leak detectors will need A2L ratings, but most from the past 2 years likely already have them. In closing, the guests emphasize that A2Ls contain no propane or hydrocarbons and cannot be retrofitted into existing A1 equipment. Contractors should get trained, adopt the solutions coming, and not fear progress. But they should spread the word that A2Ls are not simply being dropped into old equipment. Topics Covered: Differences between A2Ls and flammable refrigerants Required safety features in A2L equipment Changes to refrigerant cylinders Updating tools and practices for A2Ls Retrofitting existing systems with A2Ls (not allowed) Spreading proper understanding about A2Ls Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this short podcast episode, Bryan tackles the following question: What is DX? In short, DX stands for "direct expansion," which means that you cool the end product via the refrigeration cycle. We blow air over an evaporator coil, which allows the refrigerant to take up heat from the air and directly expand. Chillers, boilers, and chilled water systems are NOT direct expansion systems; they use a secondary fluid like water or glycol to move the heat throughout the structure, not an evaporator to take up heat directly. They also have heat exchangers to move heat from the refrigerant to the secondary fluid. DX systems tend to be smaller, and chillers and boilers tend to be larger. Chillers are advantageous in cases where we're working with toxic or flammable refrigerants or large refrigerant charges; we can keep the refrigerant charge away from the structure and space or product(s) needing to be heated or cooled. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this podcast, Bryan Orr interviews Jesse Stewart from NAVAC about A2L refrigerants and compatible tools and safety procedures. They discuss how NAVAC has a full line of A2L-compatible tools for evacuation and recovery, including the new NR7 and upgraded models of the NRDDF and NRDD. Jesse explains key features that make tools A2L compatible, like DC motors, sparkless designs, insulated electrical terminations, soft power switches, and fans. He notes that NAVAC has been designing tools this way in preparation for wider A2L adoption. The conversation covers some evolving questions around A2L systems, like requirements for strike plates to protect line sets and whether existing line sets can still be used. They agree that ongoing questions need to be directed to organizations like ASHRAE to get definitive guidance. Overall, Jesse emphasizes that best practices are now required, not just recommended, when working with A2Ls. He details several examples, like nitrogen purging while brazing, the "10-foot rule" for checking potential ignition sources, and proper confined space protocols. Topics covered: NAVAC's line of A2L-compatible tools Key safety features for A2L tools Evolving regulations and best practices around A2L systems Using nitrogen while brazing The "10 foot rule" before A2L installations Working in confined spaces with A2Ls Adapting outdated practices to meet new safety needs Explore NAVAC's A2L-compatible tools at https://navacglobal.com/a2l-compatible-tools/ or general products at https://navacglobal.com/. You can also ask the experts for help by emailing [email protected]. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

This podcast covers refrigeration technologies' growth and focus on providing safe, high-performing chemicals for HVAC technicians without hazardous ingredients. Mike Pastorello discusses the 2017 rebranding that gave their products a more modern, cohesive look. He also talks about bringing on new marketing talent like Ashley and Becca to amp up refrigeration technologies' social media presence and connect more directly with end users. Throughout, Mike emphasizes enabling the marketing experts to drive strategy rather than micromanaging. Regarding products, Mike highlights their priority of keeping technicians safe while effectively doing their jobs. He mentions constantly improving formulas to eliminate skin burns, bad odors, and other issues with traditional chemicals. Bryan shares an example from his contracting company where lax safety practices led to an emergency room visit and realigned his team's commitment to using safer alternatives like Viper products. They also overview popular refrigeration technologies offerings like Nylog thread sealant and the Venom Packs compact container system. Mike states the Venom Packs will avoid upcoming taxes on traditional gallon jugs. Bryan praises the durable, flexible packaging and smaller nozzle. Bullet points: 2017 rebrand and modernizing refrigeration technologies' visual identity Bringing on new marketing talent to expand social media reach Empowering new hires to take the lead rather than micromanaging Keeping technicians safe while effectively doing their jobs Continually improving chemical formulas to reduce hazards An emergency room visit underscoring the need for safety focus Overview of Nylog refrigerant thread sealant Benefits of the durable and flexible Venom Packs Check out all Refrigeration Technologies products at https://www.refrigtech.com/. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

This live podcast from AHR Expo 2024 discusses the costs of truck rolls for HVAC technicians and how technicians and companies can reduce those costs. Jim and Bryan highlight that every time a tech has to go to the supply house to get parts, the company loses money in potential service calls that could have been completed. They emphasize stocking trucks properly so that technicians can complete repairs efficiently without leaving jobsites. Jim talks about the White Rogers 50M56X8-43 universal control board, which auto-configures itself to different furnace models. He explains how it simplifies installations and troubleshooting, allowing techs to solve problems faster. Bryan adds that having universal parts encourages techs to thoroughly diagnose issues before replacing components. They also discuss the display showing flame current in microamps, which helps techs benchmark flame rod cleanliness over time. Later, Jim stresses the importance of techs understanding all the individual components in heating systems rather than seeing units as intimidating beasts with complex wiring. Bryan shares how new controls with better interfaces and indicators help guide techs to increase their skills and knowledge. They agree that improvements allowing faster on-site repairs provide a better, more rewarding experience for both techs and customers. Throughout, Jim and Bryan sprinkle in jokes, stories, and food references while emphasizing the overarching goal of giving techs what they need to enjoy their work and provide the best service possible. Topics covered: Costs of truck rolls and supply house trips Stocking trucks for same-day repairs New universal control simplifying installations Diagnosing issues thoroughly before replacing parts Display showing useful flame current readings Understanding all components in heating systems Improved interfaces and indicators enhancing skills Faster on-site repairs benefiting techs and customers Loving your work and helping people Check out Copeland's trusted products and brands at https://copeland.com. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this podcast, Bryan chats with Tony Gonzalez of Fieldpiece about their latest innovations for service tools, including the redesigned VCRT, as well as the training resources they offer. They start off discussing Fieldpiece's philosophy of developing solutions for technicians' real pain points, not just making products. Understanding workflows and obstacles lets them design better tools. Tony then reveals their new line of valve core removal tools aimed at faster, easier access to system ports. Features include integrated ball valves to isolate gauges, sight glasses to confirm capture of the core, and improved ergonomics for gripping. Next they touch on Fieldpiece University, their free online learning platform for HVAC best practices. It contains individual courses as well as guided "training tracks" on full applications like combustion analysis. With quality content being critical, Tony aims to continue expanding their offerings this year. They also briefly discuss A2L refrigerants - while tool compatibility questions persist in the field, most quality equipment made in recent years carries approvals. Technicians mainly need to verify the manufacturer's guidance and adhere to existing best practices. Key topics: New valve core removal tools Enhanced sight glass and isolation Continual improvement of Fieldpiece University Clarifying tools and A2Ls The overarching theme is providing solutions - both through innovative tools and readily accessible education for the industry. You can learn more about Fieldpiece at https://www.fieldpiece.com/. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this short podcast episode, Bryan covers the differences between absolute and gauge pressure, as well as measuring pressure with a micron gauge or a manometer. Compression ratio deals with absolute suction and absolute discharge pressures. Absolute pressure requires us to add atmospheric pressure to the gauge pressure. We usually measure gauge pressure in pounds per square inch (PSI). PSIG is the gauge pressure (zeroed to atmospheric pressure), and PSIA is the gauge pressure plus the atmospheric pressure (usually around 14.7 PSI). When we measure vacuum pressure, we have "negative pressure" with respect to the atmosphere. We're not measuring less than zero pressure; we are in a positively pressurized environment, but the pressure is negative relative to the atmosphere (not absolutely). We use microns to measure deep vacuums; they are tiny pressure units equivalent to a millionth of a meter of mercury column. Since microns measure absolute pressure, they always dip below atmospheric pressure and approach 0 (but never reach it because we're not in a perfect vacuum). We don't have to zero the micron gauge because it automatically measures with respect to zero. Manometers measure pressure differentials; they measure pressure in reference to something else, whether that's the room around you (whatever you've zeroed it to) or another point on the system (measured at the other port). In any case, we're not referencing 0 PSIA. Many manometers may pick up readings in the inches of water column scale, and some even measure very small scales like Pascals. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this HVAC School podcast, Bryan and Tom Buescher with Copeland discuss dual-fuel heat pump systems as an intermediate step towards more sustainable heating solutions. They talk about the overall goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions from residential heating and cooling, which accounts for over half of home energy use. While heat pumps can provide higher efficiency, simply switching everyone to electric isn't realistic in the short term. Factors like grid capacity, infrastructure, and consumer comfort have to be considered. Dual fuel systems allow for a hybrid approach - utilizing heat pumps to provide the bulk of heating, with gas heating as a backup for the coldest stretches. This arrangement allows more heat pumps to be adopted now while still ensuring warmth and meeting consumer expectations. It bridges the gap during this transitional period as grids adapt to more renewable generation. Key topics covered: Tom's industry background The role of location - dual-fuel makes the most sense in northern climates zones 3-5 currently Electrical factors - service capacity, indoor air temp, wiring Existing home challenges - ductwork, insulation Staged operation of dual fuel systems Role of hybrid approaches during transitions New universal controls and thermostats enabling these dual-fuel setups Overall, Bryan and Tom have a nuanced discussion about creating real progress incrementally, meeting consumer needs alongside policy goals. Considering both environmental and practical perspectives is key. Visit Copeland's website at https://www.copeland.com/en-us and Sensi at https://sensi.copeland.com/en-us. You can also watch our new install video featuring the Sensi Touch 2 at https://hvacrschool.com/videos/sensi-touch-2-install/. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this short podcast episode, Bryan dives into NTC, PTC, and thermocouples. NTC and PTC are two types of thermistors, and all three tools are used to sense temperature. Thermistors are resistors that change their resistance based on a change in temperature. They must be powered, and the resistance changes the amperage. You can test a thermistor with an ohmmeter at a fixed temperature. The best temperature for testing is the thermistor's rated temperature, typically 77 degrees Fahrenheit. NTC thermistors are negative temperature coefficient thermistors; as the temperature decreases, the resistance increases, and vice versa. Temperature and resistance are inversely proportional. PTC thermistors are positive temperature coefficient thermistors, and the temperature and resistance are directly proportional. These types of thermistors are usually quite accurate, and they are common in thermostats. PTCs are common in certain types of hard start kits, in which they help take the start capacitor or start winding out of the circuit. They have the same function as a potential relay. The resistance increases with temperature, meaning the PTC gets hotter and raises its resistance until the circuit opens, but it takes a while to reset because it needs to cool down. Thermocouples work because they generate a voltage in response to a temperature difference between two dissimilar metals. This phenomenon is called the Seebeck effect. Thermocouples are hardy devices used in temperature-sensing equipment, and they measure over a wider range than thermistors. However, thermocouples tend to be less accurate than thermistors. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

This podcast episode focuses on practical ways to save energy with grocery store refrigeration systems, with Matthew Taylor from Kalos Services sharing insights from both a technician and business owner perspective. The hosts emphasize that proper, consistent operation and preventing short cycling of compressors can have a major impact as the largest power consumers. Proper control strategies, like ensuring evaporator pressure regulators (EPRs) are working, maintaining subcooling, and preventing excessive compressor staging and rapid on/off cycling, are critical for reducing energy consumption. Often, technicians troubleshooting issues bypass these controls when they could be tuned and optimized instead. Matthew stresses the financial benefit for owners when technicians understand the original design intent and how to optimize performance, not just apply a band-aid fix to problems. He advises business owners to track power bill anomalies to catch inefficiencies. Other key factors covered: ensuring clean evaporator coils, properly functioning doors/curtains, humidity control, condensed maintenance, addressing core issues like suction pressure rather than quick fixes, compression ratio impacts, and coordinating refrigeration with HVAC equipment. Implementing complex new networked equipment has trade-offs as well - while offering more data, it requires different skill sets to leverage. Topics covered: Optimizing EPRs and refrigeration controls Preventing short cycling and improper staging Following the original system design intent Tracking power bills to catch system drift The impacts of evaporator coil cleanliness Building envelope considerations Humidity control relationship with refrigeration Compression ratio and suction pressure optimization Evaluating networked controls vs. ease of maintenance Recommissioning Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

The podcast is a conversation between Ed and Bryan about using the ACCA Residential Plans Examiner Review Form, an ACCA form you probably never heard of, to demonstrate that proper HVAC system design procedures were followed based on the Manual J, Manual S, and Manual D guidelines. Ed introduces the Residential Plans Examiner Review Form as a one-page document that allows contractors to show they gathered the minimum necessary information to complete a proper HVAC system design. The form doesn't teach how to actually do the design calculations but can help explain the design to others not familiar with it, like code officials asking for documentation. The form is meant as a bridge to facilitate communication between contractors and authorities having jurisdiction (AHJs). Ed shares stories of using the form successfully to work with code officials and gain approval. Bryan asks clarifying questions about the intended audience for the form - whether for residential new construction only or also replacement - since it references the duct design Manual D procedures. Ed explains the full manuals would likely only apply to new construction and add-ons, but elements could apply to replacements if load calculations are required locally. The details depend on the specific project and jurisdiction. Topics covered: Purpose and use of ACCA Residential Plans Examiner Review Form Information that the form documents from Manual J, Manual S, and Manual D The form's audience (primarily code officials/AHJs, but it's also helpful for contractors) Applicability for residential new construction, add-ons, and some replacements Stories of working with local code officials using the standard form Where to access online - ACCA website and search by full name Access the document information and examples online HERE and learn more about ACCA at https://acca.org/home. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this HVAC podcast episode, hosts Bryan Orr and Matthew Taylor (refrigeration leader and trainer at Kalos Services) discuss oil management and considerations in supermarket refrigeration systems, with a focus on solving & preventing oil issues. They talk about the importance of stable system operation and how oil flows through both active and passive systems in these larger built-up racks. Matthew explains that in a rack system, oil is actively separated and returned to the compressors through a dedicated system. However, not all oil gets captured this way, so the passive system of oil returning through the refrigeration cycle still occurs. Problems can arise in either system, leading to compressors locking out. Matthew stresses properly setting and regulating EPR valves to minimize load fluctuations that impact system stability. Common issues covered include clogged oil separators, misadjusted or damaged oil controls, changes in suction pressure affecting oil flow, the impact of floating suction pressures, and troubleshooting overfilled compressors. Matthew offers tips like feeling the oil separator line temperature and using working racks as a guide when unsure of proper settings. The discussion highlights how poor defrost performance can indicate oil trapping issues. Matthew and Bryan also cover: Active vs passive oil management in racks Setting EPR valves for stable operation Clogged oil separators and failed floats Suction pressure fluctuations disrupting oil flow Strategies for floating suction pressures Steps for readjusting oil controls Signs of oil trapping issues in the refrigeration cycle Using working racks to guide troubleshooting Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this podcast, Bryan and Clifton discuss the upcoming transition to A2L refrigerants, like R-32 and R-454B, and what A2L mitigation is going to look like. These mildly flammable refrigerants will be used in place of R-410A for residential air conditioning systems due to an HFC phase-down driven by legislation and international agreements. They explain what mitigation means with A2L systems - sensors will detect refrigerant leaks, and the system will shut off and turn on the blower fan to dissipate any leaked refrigerant. The mitigation helps minimize flammability risk. They note the new A2L refrigerants contain no propane despite some misconceptions. The fundamentals of safe installation, service, and repair remain similar but will be absolutely required for A2Ls versus more loosely followed with previous refrigerants. Taking proper time and care is crucial. Bryan and Clifton then discuss the education, training, and resources available from ESCO Group to help contractors prepare for this transition. Key topics covered: Upcoming transition to A2L refrigerants R-32 and R-454B Phase down of R-410A driven by legislation and international agreements Definition and purpose of mitigation used with A2L air conditioners Misconception that new refrigerants contain propane Fundamentals of safe installation and service remain similar but even more vital Taking the proper time and avoiding rushing is crucial for safety Education, training, and resources available from ESCO Group Preparing the HVAC industry for the refrigerant transition The yearly AHR Expo and HVAC Excellence Conference You can learn more about ESCO Institute at https://www.escogroup.org/ and explore the HVACR Learning Network at https://hvacr.elearn.network/. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

Bryan and Kevin discuss indoor air quality solutions in terms of healthy air supplements vs. pillars of IAQ, drawing an analogy between IAQ supplements like electronic air cleaners and fitness supplements. They talk about why discussing these supplemental products can be controversial since many companies profit from selling them. However, the fundamentals of good IAQ - ventilation, filtration, and humidity control - are proven to work well, just as diet, exercise, and hydration promote good health. Most contractors focus more conversations and training around supplemental IAQ products versus the fundamentals, which parallels how society embraces fitness supplements over proper diet and exercise. However, a growing group of homeowners want real solutions, and the fundamentals often solve problems better and with less risk than just adding devices. Measuring IAQ and using data-driven diagnoses lead to more targeted solutions, too. The fitness analogy applies well - you don't jump to supplements first, and adding more supplements isn't always better or healthier. Dosage and application really matter. Contractors should consider focusing 80% on IAQ fundamentals over supplemental products to best serve customers. Topics covered: Why discussing IAQ supplements is controversial Fundamentals of good IAQ: ventilation, filtration, humidity control Parallels between IAQ supplements and fitness supplements Reliance on and training around supplemental products versus fundamentals Growing consumer demand for real IAQ solutions Using IAQ monitoring and measurement for better solutions How having more supplements or devices isn't always better Dosage and proper application really matter Shifting contractor focus to 80% on IAQ fundamentals versus supplemental products You can learn more about HAVEN products at https://haveniaq.com/ or become a HAVEN pro at https://pro.haveniaq.com/. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this short episode, Bryan discusses the unique features of hot deck, cold deck systems. These systems have separate heating and cooling components (if not entire systems). Older systems may have completely separate duct systems: one for heating and one for cooling. These ducts would go to each space, and you'd essentially have twice the ductwork you'd expect nowadays. Some systems also have a separate hot deck and cold deck in a single appliance (a bit like gas furnaces with case coils). We also use the term "hot deck, cold deck" to refer to systems with secondary fluid in a single appliance that produces heating and cooling. Heat recovery or heat-pump chillers use secondary fluids to carry heat around (these fluids don't expand and change state like refrigerant). A traditional chiller is often used in combination with a boiler system, and both can be shut on or off; this configuration can be tricky in shoulder seasons, and a hot deck, cold deck system could be beneficial instead. Buffer tanks also allow energy to be stored in a hot deck, cold deck configuration. Hot deck, cold deck systems may also be beneficial in humid climates if the cooling component is before the heating component; the system could provide heating, cooling, and dehumidification. You could also use hot deck, cold deck systems for domestic hot water (via a heat exchanger) and cold plunges. It's even possible to use flammable refrigerants in heat recovery chillers that use this configuration. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this episode of HVAC School, hosts Bryan Orr and Bert discuss practical tips for preventing callbacks and failed inspections in residential HVAC installs and maintenance. Bryan and Bert stress the importance of getting the basics right, like properly cleaning condensate drains, ensuring proper drain pitch, and sealing ducts completely before relying on tapes and mastic to cover gaps. They emphasize verifying full system operation at the end of a job, from checking that drains flow freely to testing float switches and pressure testing for leaks. Bryan and Bert also cover wire and breaker sizing for equipment changes, securing disconnects, proper thermostat wall seals, inspecting joints with bubbles to find microscopic leaks, and more thorough evacuations and leak checks. Throughout the casual, conversational show, the hosts inject colorful commentary on doing quality work with a little sarcasm, including praising the merits of duct board and flex ducts. The tone is partly tongue-in-cheek but drives home the point that shortcuts lead to callbacks and leave clients dissatisfied. Bert and Bryan also discuss: Becoming masters of the obvious Common condensate line issues The issues with double traps Ensuring adequate filter access for the customer Wiring float switches in series vs. in parallel Sealing ductwork effectively Using your senses to find airflow leaks in the ductwork Pressure testing for refrigerant leaks Common leak points in systems and their causes Correct electrical setup and markings Securing outdoor unit placement Sealing thermostat wall penetrations Thorough evacuation and leak checks Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this short episode, Bryan talks about the situations when permits are not needed to install HVAC/R (or HVAC/R-related) components. A few codes are universal in residential HVAC, including the International Residential Code (IRC) and the International Mechanical Code (IMC). The local municipality, also known as the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ), chooses which codes to adopt. You do not need a permit to install plug-in, cord-connected appliances. However, you need UL-listed plugs. You can also replace plugs without needing a permit, but the ratings need to be correct. Anything less than 25v that doesn't put out more than 50 watts of energy also doesn't require a permit. Thermostats and many IAQ accessories, including UV lights, fall into this category. Portable heating and ventilation appliances, including space heaters and portable cooling units or dehumidifiers, also don't require permits. Evaporative or "swamp" coolers also don't need a permit for installation. Self-contained units with 10 pounds or less of refrigerant and are actuated by motors with However, emergency replacements and repairs (per R105.2.1 in the IRC) also don't require a permit, at least not before performing the work. The only condition is that the permit application must be submitted to the AHJ within the next business day. This rule can come in handy when you can't wait for the permit submission process and need to do an emergency repair or changeout. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this podcast, Bryan Orr and Bert discuss various aspects of pool heaters, focusing on issues that make them different from typical HVAC systems. They cover the basics of pool heaters - the main types (heat pumps and gas heaters) and how they operate similarly or differently from things HVAC techs work on regularly. The bulk of the 45-minute podcast looks at common service and troubleshooting situations with pool heaters, which are usually installed by pool contractors initially and not HVAC contractors. Bryan and Bert talk through typical causes of common error codes and problems like units frequently going out on high pressure. They cover water flow issues and the role of pressure versus flow switches, the sizing and limitations of heat pumps, low ambient operation challenges, freeze protection, and proper refrigerant charging. There is also a good amount of discussion on gas pool heaters - frequent component failures due to heat and corrosion issues, piping considerations due to their large BTU capacity, and combustion troubleshooting basics. Throughout the casual discussion, both hosts interject humor and personal stories related to their dealings with pool heater equipment, clients, and installations over the years. The overall message is that while heat pumps and gas pool heaters have some specialized considerations, much of the core knowledge needed to service them comes from foundational HVAC systems understanding combined with an awareness of the unique aspects covered in detail during this episode. Topics Covered: Types of pool heaters How heat pump and gas pool heater operation compare to HVAC Typical installation and service providers Key components and design aspects Common high-pressure issues and troubleshooting water flow problems Low ambient operation challenges Refrigerant charging considerations Gas piping sizing for large BTU appliances Corrosion issues and component failures Combustion testing basics Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this short episode, Bryan explains the fundamentals of capacitance, focusing on the unit of measure: farads, including micro and pico. Farads are named after scientist Michael Faraday and measure capacitance; one farad represents the capacitance of a capacitor in which one coulomb of charge causes a potential difference of one volt across the plates. Farads measure the storage of electrical energy and indicate the capacitor's ability to create a phase shift. Since farads are large units, our capacitors are rated in microfarads (1/1,000,000 farads). Bigger capacitors have higher microfarad ratings and store more charge. Capacitors create a phase shift and limit current on the start or auxiliary winding. (You'll read less current across the start winding than the run winding or common when a run capacitor is in the circuit.) The start winding helps get a single-phase motor up and running (but it isn't present on all motors). Three-phase power has three windings, and it has three sine waves 120 degrees out of phase with each other, all of which can apply directional force. A single-phase motor has two windings and only one sine wave, so it doesn't have that phase difference, making it difficult to start a motor. Capacitors charge and discharge at a different point of the sine wave, causing a phase shift. A picofarad is 1/1,000,000,000,000 farad, which is smaller than the microfarads we use. However, our meters can auto-range into the picofarad scale if they read a very weak capacitor. You'll have to make sure your meter is reading in the microfarad scale, not the picofarad scale. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

Bryan Orr hosted a live podcast discussion all about 90% efficient furnaces with HVAC professionals Ty Branaman, Adam Mufich, and Matthew Bruner. They covered the basics of how 90% furnaces work compared to traditional 80% furnaces, troubleshooting tips, and best practices for installation and service. A key difference with 90% furnaces is the addition of a secondary heat exchanger that extracts more heat from the exhaust gases before they go out the flue. This allows the furnace to achieve at least 90% efficiency. The condensing of water vapor in the exhaust also releases latent heat. However, the acidic condensate must be properly drained, and pipes must be corrosion-resistant. Proper airflow is also critical. The experts emphasized starting any service job by carefully looking over the furnace and venting. Check for any signs of problems like leaks, debris buildup, or animals/pests blocking vents. Verify gas supply and use combustion analysis to optimize performance. When troubleshooting, methodically trace through the sequence of operations. Pressure switches, flame sensors, and airflow issues are common culprits. The podcast concludes with a reminder that extensive training content on HVAC topics like this is available through HVAC School and other industry experts. Continuing education and an open, collaborative mindset are important for professional growth. Key topics covered: How 90% furnaces achieve higher efficiency with a secondary heat exchanger Water condensation and corrosion concerns - importance of drainage and pipe material Verifying gas supply, venting, airflow, and using combustion analysis Troubleshooting tips - visually inspecting, tracing sequence of operations, checking pressure switches and flame sensor Proper installation positioning and intake/exhaust vent sizing per manufacturer specifications View the entire livestream with Ty on our YouTube channel HERE. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this short podcast, Bryan breaks down the differences between analog and digital sine waves. Analog readings deal with an unlimited number of values; they are very precise and can have any number of decimals. As a result, the alternating current (AC) analog sine readings have very smooth curves when we read them on an oscilloscope (in the US, we see 60 peak-and-valley cycles per second because the frequency is 60 hertz). Variable frequency drives (VFDs) and ECMs work with digital outputs instead. The alternating current (AC) input is flattened out and then replicated as a direct current (DC) digital output that mimics an analog sine wave using technologies like pulse-width modulation (PWM). Digital outputs appear as a series of steps on an oscilloscope, but PWM doesn't output different "steps" of voltage. PWM just changes the length and frequency according to the duty cycle (percentage of the time energized or unenergized). Digital scrolls turn on and off very often, and the time they spend "on" is the duty cycle, which determines how it stages up and down. While ECM motor modules usually won't work with regular motors, VFDs can run with typical motors and modify sine waves. These sine waves don't have a smooth curve, but the digital waves can be smoothed out while voltage and current are modified. If VFD-driven motors aren't designed or shaft-grounded properly, electrical discharge machining (EDM) can happen with high-frequency voltage spikes, which can damage the shaft and bearings. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

Bryan Orr interviews Tyler Nelson, an HVAC expert with over 20 years of experience as a contractor. They have an in-depth discussion about combustion analysis and why it is becoming increasingly important for HVAC technicians to utilize this process. The conversation provides an overview of combustion analysis benefits and why HVAC pros should incorporate it into their standard operating procedures. Tyler offers insightful perspectives from his decades of contracting experience, including his knowledge of how field conditions vary and factory settings may not translate perfectly. Carbon monoxide poses several dangers to customers and HVAC technicians. Tyler talks about CO poisoning risks and how analyzers can help detect issues. He also covers AHRI Guideline X for cracked heat exchanger testing and emphasizes the need to use combustion analyzers, not just visual inspection, to reliably detect cracks. Tyler also demonstrates the use of the Sauermann combustion analyzer and mobile app. He highlights key features like replaceable sensors, app control and reporting, and programming for optimum CO sensor protection. He details how combustion analysis allows you to optimize setup, monitor equipment health, and troubleshoot issues. Tyler and Bryan also discuss: Why combustion analysis is critical for proper HVAC system installation, maintenance, and diagnostics CO poisoning and risks to HVAC technicians AHRI Guideline X The role of combustion analysis in system commissioning, maintenance, and diagnostics Sauermann combustion analyzer and mobile app Advice for technicians to embrace innovations like analyzers while retaining old-school skills and knowledge Read AHRI Guideline X in its entirety at https://www.ahrinet.org/search-standards/ahri-guideline-x-induced-draft-furnace-heat-exchanger-inspection. Learn more about Sauermann tools at https://sauermanngroup.com/en-INT, and you can connect with Tyler on LinkedIn HERE. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE." Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. "Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

In this short podcast, Bryan talks about checking the charge of a heat pump in heat mode. This skill will become more critical as ambient temperatures get cooler. The most reliable way to check and set the charge regardless of operating mode and season is to weigh the charge. This method is most practical during installation and commissioning, and proper commissioning can prevent issues with charge levels later. Weighing the charge is recommended for big repairs, like major component replacements. But in many cases, we don't need to check the charge by hooking up gauges; we can check for proper operation by taking a few line temperature readings. Before carrying out any tests or taking readings, make sure the heat pump is defrosted and that you've carried out a full visual inspection. You can carry out a full delivered capacity test in either cooling or heating mode (without the electric heat strips energized) to determine how many BTUs the system is moving. Some simpler tests will require you to compare the discharge vapor line and suction line temperatures to the outdoor temperature and the liquid line temperature to the indoor temperature. Manufacturers will give specific instructions for their units, including covering the condenser, and they may have charts to help you calculate system pressures based on indoor and outdoor temperatures. If you want to check suction pressure on the low side, you'll always use the common suction port, but you can take either discharge pressure or liquid pressure on the high side. Bryan also covers: Critical charge Ductless system charging practices Some manufacturer-specific practices Indoor temperatures and system pressures R-22 rules of thumb Total discharge superheat Staging and capacity considerations Weighing out when in doubt Read the tech tip about this topic at https://hvacrschool.com/checking-charge-heat-pump-winter/. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE. Subscribe to our YouTube channel at https://www.youtube.com/@HVACS. Check out our handy calculators HERE or on the HVAC School Mobile App (Google Play Store or App Store).

Nikki Krueger and Genry Garcia return to the podcast to talk about a recent IAQ & dehumidification case study on a vintage home in Miami. The home was very clean but had a musty odor and VOC concerns. You can read the case study in the "Literature" section at https://www.santa-fe-products.com/about-us/media-resources/ or https://hvacrschool.com/case-study. Blower door tests and ZPD revealed that the home was leaky, and the crawlspace was also not properly encapsulated. The options were to tighten the building and/or mitigate the problem by improving the HVAC system. The homeowners chose to improve the HVAC, which Genry did by installing a ventilating dehumidifier (Santa Fe Ultra98H), reducing system tonnage (3.5 to 2 tons), and putting in new ductwork. One of Genry's key tips to address intermittent moisture issues is to pay attention to fluctuating pressures, not just under the blower door test conditions. Ongoing monitoring is crucial in these studies to measure the home under several different typical conditions. He also relies on blower door tests to determine if encapsulation is necessary or needs improvement, as insulation and encapsulation can bring new issues in their wake. Extensive testing and working with other contractors (such as home insulators) are the best ways to get a solution that makes the homeowner happy. We need a holistic approach to design to achieve a homeowner's IAQ and comfort goals, not necessarily following strict design guidelines to a T. Nikki, Genry, and Bryan also discuss: Zonal pressure diagnostics (ZPD) Dehumidifier ductwork Dehumidifier selection Attic encapsulation, condensation, and duct leakage MAD AIR The importance of IAQ case studies and the insights we can get from them Effects of insulation Dehumidifier performance in part-load conditions Mechanical equipment design Consulting the ACCA design manuals Maintaining equipment and sustaining positive results Stay tuned for the companion tech tip. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE. Check out our handy calculators HERE.

Skilled trades entrepreneur Tommy Mello joins the podcast to talk about creating a business where everyone wins: business owners, employees, vendors, AND customers. Tommy's main motivations in business are relationship-building and helping employees make a good living. Those motivations contribute to the development of company culture; even though cultures build themselves naturally, developing the right leaders will help build a positive company culture that values all employees equally. Tommy trains leaders to develop their strengths, shows them that they are valued, and gives them the resources they need to succeed. When companies grow, communication tools and project management technologies need to be standardized to help organize the company, including using checklists and SOPs. Departments also need to keep their focus on the company's main goal, not just the success of their division. The goal is to make sure that people are aware of their responsibilities early on and on board with the company's vision. To get the right people on board in the first place, we can improve our recruiting processes if we use social media to recruit talent—people who already have a job and are proven in their roles. Tommy also sees recruiting as a constant process that happens everywhere in the community and requires communication and follow-up. Tommy and Bryan also cover: Tommy's business: A1 Garage Doors Service Training leaders Allocating responsibilities and getting the right people on the bus Not punishing people for mistakes Unifying competition and collaboration Striking a balance of go-getting and humility Hiring for your weaknesses Tommy's new book, Elevate Building a legacy around serving others Seeing everyone as an individual instead of a representative Pricing and integrity Check out Tommy's latest book, Elevate, at http://elevateandwin.com/. You can also learn more about his 2023 Freedom event in Orlando from Nov 1-3, 2023, at https://freedomevent.com/. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE. Check out our handy calculators HERE.

Refrigeration Mentor Trevor Matthews returns to the podcast to share some of his tips for supermarket rack service. The supermarket refrigeration world is ripe with high-paying opportunities and uses similar skills that HVAC technicians use daily. Switching from HVAC to refrigeration will require a little bit more attention to some new components, especially controls and control systems. Technically-minded people tend to do well in the refrigeration field regardless of where they come from. When you're sent to a job site, you'll need to investigate the store and the case (where the refrigeration happens) before checking the controller and looking at the alarms and trends. As with HVAC, you'll want to start by looking for the obvious, like frozen drains. (Even though these systems are designed to freeze, we still need proper airflow and don't want standing water in the drains to freeze.) We don't want to go in there with our tools and start adjusting valves immediately. Attention to detail is critical in refrigeration. Getting familiar with the details of the equipment, especially by studying the P&IDs, will help you immensely. Being detailed in your service notes and logs will help you and anyone else who might work on the equipment; you can also keep a list of follow-up calls, which allows you to make proposals that bring value to your company, especially in the slower seasons, and prevents emergency service calls later. Trevor and Bryan also cover: The growth of Refrigeration Mentor Moving from an HVAC career to a refrigeration career Refrigeration dispatch procedure and tips Ice-bound coils, defrost, and freezing patterns Service procedures for common drains Band-aid fixes and re-commissioning equipment What to keep in a detailed log Quality vs. quantity of work Bringing value to your grocery refrigeration clients Positives and drawbacks of the refrigeration industry Check out some of the great training Trevor offers through his Refrigeration Mentor program at https://refrigerationmentor.com/. You can also email Trevor at [email protected]. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE. Check out our handy calculators HERE.

In this short episode, Bryan covers traps, vents, and drains. He explains some common misconceptions and best practices for fabricating drains, especially in residential and light commercial structures in Florida. Cleanouts and vents are commonly confused with each other, and people often cap vents and leave cleanouts open. However, cleanouts (which must be capped) will always be before the trap, and vents come after the trap. When you have an indoor air handler, furnace, or fan coil, vents must be higher than the drain pan to allow the float switch to trip when the drain backs up. (Rooftop units have shorter vents.) Vents should stay open. We use static pressure to determine the trap depth, and the trap outlet must be shorter than the inlet. The best practice for drain pitch is to have 1/4" of fall for every foot of horizontal run, and we must avoid making double traps where air can get trapped between them. Vents prevent air bubbles from forming in drains with multiple traps. Double traps often form when drains are not supported properly and sag over time; using proper support in your installations is the best way to prevent that from happening. In Florida, we often use only one trap and still get drainage. A typical installation has a cleanout, a trap, and a vent higher than the drain pan, all on a downward pitch. However, we also get severe condensation on our drains, and we must insulate the horizontal PVC runs to prevent sweating. In multi-family applications with common drains, each individual needs a trap and then a vent before the main drain. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE. Check out our handy calculators HERE.

HAVEN IAQ founder and CEO Kevin Hart returns to the podcast to discuss cracking the home health comfort code, diving into IAQ's illusory ideals. Even though the industry has been generating well-thought solutions to common problems, it's difficult to put those solutions into practice on a large scale. As a result, it's common to rely on selling "bolt-on" IAQ products, which don't actually solve systemic IAQ problems. HAVEN's recent work has also shown that only a few HVAC technicians are proactively offering IAQ solutions to homeowners; the vast majority wait for the owner to ask about a solution instead. Some IAQ issues stem from duct and building envelope leakage, meaning technicians could offer to perform diagnostic tests (like blower door testing) and address the solution holistically with building envelope and duct sealing. However, not all customers are willing to pay for these, which is one of the biggest challenges of comfort consultations. The question about the real long-term, widespread effectiveness of comfort consults remains to be answered. Right now, we only have the illusion that IAQ problems are being solved. We might see positive changes to the state of IAQ if there is more forethought on the technician's part to include diagnostic tests in their quotes when it makes sense to do so. Our industry may also see more proactivity in the quest to solve IAQ problems holistically by establishing sales goals and approaches. Kevin and Bryan also cover: Latest HAVEN IAQ developments The IAQ status quo Technicians and sales Evolution of evacuation best practices in the field Proactivity vs. reactivity when addressing IAQ problems IAQ solution goals and approaches The value of commissioning reports DIY and consumer-based IAQ solutions "Getting in the reps" when using diagnostic tools to solve problems The benefits and challenges of selling diagnostic services Learn more about HAVEN at https://haveniaq.com/ or become a HAVEN Pro today at https://pro.haveniaq.com/. You can also contact Kevin directly at [email protected]. Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE. Check out our handy calculators HERE.

In this short podcast episode, Bryan goes over a few tubing insulation tips. Tubing insulation is also commonly known as Aeroflex, Armaflex, and Thermaflex—all brand names for black copper line set insulation. We typically have to insulate just the suction line in typical residential split HVAC systems, but you'll typically have to insulate both lines in ductless/VRV/VRF or refrigeration applications. The insulation should be on the tubing before brazing, gluing the ends together (only using a specialty tubing insulation adhesive, NOT duct tape!). Since these adhesives are types of contact cement, you will need to apply a thin coating on each side of the joint and wait for a few minutes before pushing the ends together. Some forms of tubing insulation are split and have an adhesive flap instead. Then, you'll want to hold the insulation back with a clamp about 8-10" away from the area where you're brazing to protect it from heat damage. When you finish brazing, you'll want to put the insulation back and make sure all necessary areas are covered. In cases where it's practical, especially in residential HVAC, pulling the insulation over the 90s and P-traps may be the best bet due to its smaller margins for error. However, mitered fittings may be required in larger systems. To assemble mitered fittings, use either a miter box or the template on the tubing insulation box. It's a good idea to use the disconnected tubing and make a mitered fitting on the bench as a template before making more—the tails can be a little long. Do NOT use the saw that comes with the miter kit—you will be fine with a very sharp knife that makes a smooth edge (and be safe!). Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE. Check out our handy calculators HERE.

Jim Fultz returns to the podcast to talk about the new HSI module from White-Rodgers, the 50E47U-843. You can learn more about this new universal HSI module at https://hvacrschool.com/hsimodule. Hot surface ignition modules control the burner for gas appliances that use hot surface ignition, not just furnaces. Since the HSI module doesn't need to work with a blower fan, it can be used in water heaters, pool heaters, and many more appliances that don't primarily move air (except for combustion). It also controls the inducer blower and monitors the pressure switch. All White-Rodgers universal ignition modules work with the WR Connect app, which allows users to set up controls with a smartphone via NFC technology. The controls do not need to be powered on, and users do not need to be online during use. Users can also use the app to auto-configure their new White-Rodgers controls based on the old control settings. Technicians aren't required to use the app and can configure controls manually if desired. Universal controls that all operate similarly, like the White-Rodgers ignition modules, are great for creating a consistent workflow and establishing truck stock. In HVAC businesses and in the field, these modules are great for delivering efficiency and quality. The 50E47U-843 also shows real-time flame current, eliminating the need for technicians to wire flame sensors in series with their meter for testing. Jim and Bryan also cover: Emerson, Copeland, and White-Rodgers Hot surface ignition vs. other types of ignition Integrated furnace controls (IFCs) How near-field communication (NFC) technology works Fault codes Electrical inputs and outputs Local vs. remote flame sensing Integrated thermostat sensor for infrared and tube heaters WR Connect, WR Mobile, and Copeland Mobile apps Learn more about the 5th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at https://hvacrschool.com/Symposium24. If you have an iPhone, subscribe to the podcast HERE, and if you have an Android phone, subscribe HERE. Check out our handy calculators HERE.