Don't Panic Geocast

This week we get ready for conference abstract deadlines and talk about how we prepare abstracts. Everyone is finally back in town, but not for long! Pluto show next week! Abstract deadlines: AGU 8/5, GSA 8/11 GSA, new topical abstracts (search visually by emoji!) How we prepare to write abstracts Choosing the topical material. When do you stop reporting on research?* Think about what session to submit to Mind maps Outlines Stream of conscience writing Abstract Madlibs Don’t do this steps hours before it is due. Leave days to mull it over How preliminary is your data? Is it ready for an abstract? Writing the abstract Check the conference guidelines… then check them again. Open an editor. John uses plain text editors initially. Send it around for others to look at Decide on authorship early Tools for collaborating (a whole other show) Google docs Word/dropbox Evernote (although everyone involved needs premium) Email… if you do this, please don’t admit it Other Notes AGU offering free conference registration Be sure to submit a 5-minute Pop-Up Talk Problems How to pick a session (look for others you know?) Submission system crashing Getting people to edit it! Over-reporting Fun Paper Friday This week we read about recovering old sounds from recordings with a microscope. Also hearing cursing at lab instruments in the old days. Nothing changes. A Sweet Sound: Physicists Reconstruct Primitive Recordings Applied Science SEM vinyl image Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

Shannon hits the road again, so we talk about volcanics, earthquakes, and other disasters that can occur in the pacific northwest. We even talk about native stories of earthquakes and tsunamis. Mount Rainier Snake River Crater Lake Lassen Volcanics Craters of the Moon Capulin Volcano 1700 Cascadia Earthquake Bonneville Slide Orphan Tsunami Story of the Thunderbird and Whale Hitchhiker’s Guide Whale Scene Great Basin National Park Fun Paper Friday When could Yellowstone erupt again? This week’s fun paper examines magma chamber refueling. Lots of neat geochemical profiles and diffusion techniques. Till, Christy B., Jorge A. Vazquez, and Jeremy W. Boyce. “Months between rejuvenation and volcanic eruption at Yellowstone caldera, Wyoming.” Geology (2015): G36862–1. Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

Top 10 Google Search Tips Use the tabs Use quotes Exclude results with - Google Scholar Broaden the scope of your search by removing words Think like the person writing the article Search for a filetype: Use Google Books Use the forums Mine references and link lists Other Links Linear scanner Google search characters Research tips - Still Untitled : The Adam Savage Project Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon stackoverflow Fun Paper Friday Maher Al-Dayeh & Neal Evans. Acoustic imaging of thunder from rocket-triggered lightning. 2015 Joint Assembly of American and Canadian Geophysical Societies. Abstract # AS31A–07 AGU Abstract Nature Article (with video) Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

Join John and special guest Dr. Elizabeth Seiver of PLOS (Public Library of Science) in Austin, TX at the scientific Python (SciPy) conference to talk open science and geek tools! Sorry for the slight echo in the room, we did what we could with the audio! Elizabeth on twitter: @tweetotaler PLOS Alison Gopnik’s Berkeley Lab SciPy 2015 arXiv Figshare Dryad Digital Object Identifier Paywall Polymath Project nvALT Simplenote Drafts TextExpander Keyboard Maestro Alfred App arXiv Citation Study Cameron Neylon's open science blog Reviewer/Authoring Guessing Study VisPy Talk from SciPy Hazel for Mac FunPaperFriday Keller, Joseph B. “Ponytail motion.” SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics 70.7 (2010): 2667–2672. Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin Keyboard Maestro Todo List: This week's list * %ICUDateTimePlus%7%Days%EEE MMMM dd% Create next week's list ## %ICUDateTimePlus%8%Days%EEE MMMM dd% ## %ICUDateTimePlus%9%Days%EEE MMMM dd% ## %ICUDateTimePlus%10%Days%EEE MMMM dd% ## %ICUDateTimePlus%11%Days%EEE MMMM dd% Weekly review and summary Create next week's plan Read all inbox folders ## Notes ## Last week [[To do: %ICUDateTime%yyyy 'Week' ww%]] ## Next week [[To do: %ICUDateTimePlus%2%Week%yyyy 'Week' ww%]]

John is on the road headed to the SciPy conference and Shannon is done with field camp. Join us to hear the wrap up and talk about how geology was used strategically in the Revolutionary War on this fourth of July weekend episode. Watchung Mountains Area geologic summary Middlebrook encampment Nike Missile Cheyenne Mountain NORAD Fun Paper Friday This week we learn about perchlorate from fireworks and how long it can reside in lakes. Wilkin, R. T., Fine, D. D., & Burnett, N. G. (2007). Perchlorate Behavior in a Municipal Lake Following Fireworks Displays. Environmental Science & Technology, 41(11), 3966–3971. http://doi.org/10.1021/es0700698 Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

This week Shannon summarizes her field trip and John talks about rock slides and his coming travel. We also talk about organized patterns of dripping syrup. John will be at the SciPy Conference Tropical Storm Bill has caused a lot of problems! Oklahoma Rock Slide Turner Falls John’s 3D Compass Shannon found a unique use for her field notes notebooks Rocky Mountain National Park Glacial Moraine Cirques Paternoster Lakes Sheep Mountain Anticline Yellowstone National Park Grand Tetons National Park OU Fieldcamp Blog Big Thompson Canyon Flood Fun Paper Friday This week we learn about stick patterns formed by viscous fluids falling on a surface. It could be honey on toast or telecommunications cable on the ocean floor. Check out the video as well! Brun, P. T., Audoly, B., Ribe, N. M., Eaves, T. S., & Lister, J. R. (2015). Liquid Ropes: A Geometrical Model for Thin Viscous Jet Instabilities. Physical Review Letters, 114(17), 174501–5. http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.174501 Video of different fluid patterns Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

Join us this week as we talk about our favorite national parks while Shannon is on the road. Then we’ll talk about kinetic energy of empty and full beer bottles as part of Fun Paper Friday! Glacier National Park Heads up display for snowplows Book: Geology of National Parks Belt Supergroup Arches National Park Desert Solitaire by Edward Abbey Arch Collapses Canyonalnds National Park Upheaval Dome Fun Paper Friday Have you ever thought about how much force a beer bottle can exert when you strike something with it? Bollinger et al. have! Do you think full or empty bottles are more dangerous? Bolliger, S. A., Ross, S., Oesterhelweg, L., Thali, M. J., & Kneubuehl, B. P. (2009). Are full or empty beer bottles sturdier and does their fracture-threshold suffice to break the human skull? Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, 16(3), 138–142. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2008.07.013 Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

This week we catch up with Shannon’s field adventure and John’s poster and pitch competition. Sheep Mountain Anticline Grand Teton National Park John participated in a 2 minute pitch contest as part of Millennium Cafe. PPG Industries sponsored the event and it was a great success! Fun Paper Friday What’s the best use for an onion? To make artificial muscles of course! Chen, C.-C., Shih, W.-P., Chang, P.-Z., Lai, H.-M., Chang, S.-Y., Huang, P.-C., & Jeng, H.-A. (2015). Onion artificial muscles. Applied Physics Letters, 106(18), 183702–6. http://doi.org/10.1063/1.4917498 Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

This week we talk more about your field photos, the movie San Andreas, mining country in Colorado, and chocolate blooming! Your Photos! Last week we talked about the Manefay Slide instead of the Jordan slide that Mark sent photos of. Sorry Mark! Hannah and Martin’s Photos Siccar Point Old Red Sandstone Hutton’s Unconformity How a geologist sees the world San Andreas Ok movie, lots of bad science Talks about earthquake triggering! Also does a good job with duck and cover examples Check out the trailer! Shannon’s Field Trips Leadville, Colorado Colorado Mineral Belt Mollie Kathleen Gold Mine Fun Paper Friday What causes chocolate to get that white growth? This week we find out that it’s very similar to geological growths and investigated with similar techniques! Reinke, S. K., Roth, S. V., Santoro, G., Vieira, J., Heinrich, S., & Palzer, S. (2015). Tracking Structural Changes in Lipid-based Multicomponent Food Materials due to Oil Migration by Microfocus Small-Angle X-ray Scattering. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 7(18), 9929–9936. http://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b02092 Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

TOPCON GPS Instruments Listener Mark sent in field photos from the Bingham Canyon Mine Checkout Mark’s Images Jordan Slide Some general RADAR information Greenwood Furnace State Park Blast Furnace Basics LightSail Mission Fun Paper Friday This week we learn about pressure. Pressure has to be generated for Penguins to poo outside of thier nest. How much pressure? We know the answer! Meyer-Rochow, V. B., & Gal, J. (2003). Pressures produced when penguins pooh?calculations on avian defaecation. Polar Biology, 27(1), 56–58. http://doi.org/10.1007/s00300–003–0563–3

This week Shannon talks about the cold weather at field camp, we discuss the Jacob’s staff, and methane rain. You’ll want to listen to this fun summer short! Jacob’s Staff Canon City, Colorado Pike’s Peak Gold Rush Field Camp Fun Paper Friday What could cause dunes on Titan to migrate opposite the surface winds? Turns out the answer is a story about deep convection and storms with methane rain! Charnay, B., Barth, E., Rafkin, S., Narteau, C., Lebonnois, S., Rodriguez, S., et al. (2015). Methane storms as a driver of Titan’s dune orientation. Nature Geosci, 8(5), 362–366. http://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2406 Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

Summer is an ideal time to learn new things and explore new ideas. This week we discuss what we want to learn over the summer and how we are going to accomplish these goals. What’s your summer manifesto? Also we get showered by cosmic rays and lightning as part of #FunPaperFriday. John’s Summer Manifesto Learn Swift programming language for mobile computing development Lynda.com Books Having a project is essential to learning a programming language. Develop classroom materials to go with some demonstrations and videos I have collected Using screen flow to capture computer screen with voice overs Use Python notebooks to capture data analysis Host materials on GitHub for free and open access Setup more effective task automation to free mind space for work Launch Center Hazel Pythonista Submit one manuscript and have another draft ready with all data processing in reproducible notebooks Editorial for writing on the mobile LaTex for writing the final paper (try Lyx) KaleidaGraph Shannon’s Summer Manifesto I also want to spend more time on Lynda.com Learn learn! Working on my first proposal Setting up my research paperwork so I can start looking into grants Getting the first chapter of my dissertation ready for submission Hone my figure making skills Learn to talk/write less!! Actually review what I did right and wrong in my classes Try to keep a doc of these things so I can revisit them. Use more Evernote Prep for Fall Teaching a new grad class - catastrophic sedimentation (if anyone has ideas, please send them to me!) FunPaperFriday This week we read a paper about how cosmic rays could give us new insight into how lighting works. Lots of places have been experiencing storms recently with severe weather and flooding. Lighting can do lots of strange things like explode trees and make glass. It has incredible power in each strike. Schellart, P., Trinh, T. N. G., Buitink, S., Corstanje, A., Enriquez, J. E., Falcke, H., et al. (2015). Probing Atmospheric Electric Fields in Thunderstorms through Radio Emission from Cosmic-Ray-Induced Air Showers. Physical Review Letters, 114(16), 165001–5. http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.165001 Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

This week John and Shannon discuss going outside and how important it is to our learning processes. Are we suffering from “nature deficit disorder”? We follow up the discussion with a #FunPaperFriday about playing outside. Last Child in the Woods by Louv The Nature Principle by Louv Richard Louv Website How to Raise a Wild Child by Sampson raiseawildchild.com Free Range Kids Kids Need Nature as Much as Nature Needs Them The Nature Conservancy Fun Paper Friday Dyment, Janet E. “Green school grounds as sites for outdoor learning: Barriers and opportunities.” International Research in Geographical & Environmental Education 14.1 (2005): 28–45. Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

This week we are joined by a guest co-host in Shannon’s absence. Matt Herman talks to us about the recent earthquake in Nepal. We had to record in an empty classroom, so sorry about the audio quality. We’ll be back to our normal location and setup next week! Earthquake USGS Event Page Plate Map PAGER Report John’s Ground Motion Movie Everest Avalanche Movie Matt uses INSAR and GPS to look at static displacements. USArray Ground Motion Visualizations Coulomb Stress Geologic Cross-section Rayleigh-Benard Convection Fun Paper Friday This week we read about a mysterious mist above your coffee and tea. This is a great reason to film your coffee cup! Umeki, T., Ohata, M., Nakanishi, H., & Ichikawa, M. (2015, January 2). Dynamics of microdroplets over the surface of hot water. arXiv.org. http://doi.org/10.1038/srep08046 Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

Taking notes is an essential part of your job, no matter what you do. This week we discuss note taking strategies, supplies, and how we work. Also don’t miss out on a sticky #FunPaperFriday! John’s Storm Time Lapse Midichloria mitochonreii Note Taking Systems Don’t bother with highlighting, underlining, re-reading, etc. Those have been shown to be ineffective. (Dunlosky et al., 2013) Bullet Journal Outlining Cornell Method Sketch Notes. There is a book and workbook by Mike Rohde available to help you learn. Mind Mapping Note Taking Tools Digital vs. Analog We can talk about the advantages and disadvantages of each forever. Digital is re-workable (like lasso and move in penultimate). Paper is easier to write/shade/make more detailed and elegant notes Digital can embed media Paper doesn’t crash or run out of battery Digital can be backed up against loss Digital iPad Apps to write or type (omnioutliner for example) Smart pens like the Neo smartpen or the Livescribe Apps on laptops Analog Good notebooks include Moleskine, Field Notes, Rhodia, and Whitelines Pen and pencil are important. John likes Palomino Blackwing 602 pencils and the Lamy Safari pen with Noodler’s ink. There was an excellent episode of Technical Difficulties that discussed pens, paper, and how they preserve notes. If you are into pens, there is also The Pen Addict Podcast Fun Paper Friday Did you know that the bug-on-windshield effect greatly impacts the fuel efficiency of an airliner? This week we read about some clever solutions to stop the waste of fuel and excessive, unnecessary carbon emissions. Siochi, E. J., Smith, J. G., Wohl, C. J., Gardne, J. M., Penner, R. K., & Connell, J. W. Engineered Surfaces for Mitigation of Insect Residue Adhesion (pp. 1–15). Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

This week we are joined by paleontologist Dr. Phoebe Cohen (@PhoebeFossil) from Williams. She studies microscopic single-cell fossils from before there were animals. Undergrad at Cornell, wanting to be in biology… landed in earth system science Strongly influenced by the book “Life on a young planet” Grad school at Harvard 1/2 post-doc, 1/2 education-outreach at MIT Gigapan Photography Cambridge Science Festival The Story Collider Podcast Phoebe’s TEDed video Useful Apps/Programs Wunderlist Evernote ImageJ Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator Google Calendar Papers Strides 7 Minute Workout Fun Paper Friday This week we read about the nutrition of gut bacteria in a baby and how it can influence their behavior. You can also follow the author on Twitter: @Mammals_Suck Allen-Blevins, C. R., Sela, D. A., & Hinde, K. (2015). Milk Bioactives May Manipulate Microbes to Mediate Parent-Offspring Conflict. Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health, eov007. http://doi.org/10.1093/emph/eov007 Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

Tides pull and deform the surface of the ocean and the surface of the Earth. This week we’ll take a quick tour of tidal forces, address some show feedback, and then talk about a revision on a classic physics problem. Tides Tides are a result of gravitational interaction of the Sun-Earth-Moon system, but are of course a factor on many other planets as well. Gravity is the key to remember and that it varies linearly with mass, but with the inverse square of displacement. Ocean Tides The most familiar example is ocean tides. These are important for commerce, safety, and for sedimentary processes. Sedimentary layers called tidal rythmites Cool tide visualization from Calculated Images General cycle is a flood tide raises water levels until high tide. Then an ebb tide takes water back out until low tide is reached. When the tidal stream stops and reverses it is a slack tide. Generally occur with 24-hour or 12-hour period, can have a complex shape. Another kind of clock, a tide clock, has been made to show this. Spring tide has nothing to do with the season. When planets are aligned, it’s called a syzygy. Word of the week. A really nice mathematical introduction can be found here. Tide Gauges A pole with markings that we read off of A float and weight on a pulley attached to a paper chart recorder Pressure gauges or bubbler pressure measurement Acoustic gauges or radar gauges (time of flight) There is a whole mess of datums and standards that go into this, but let’s not go there today! And rocks of course!! Solid Earth Tide The same forceings as ocean tides, but we are actually moving the surface of the planet here. Very important for GPS and scientific measurements. Large particle accelerators actually compensate for their deformation. The largest displacements are around 55 cm! Needed to explain the Earth’s nutation Lunar Tidal Heating Tidal Locking We can only see one side of the moon because it is tidally locked. It rotates at the same rate that it orbits the Earth. Checkout the Minute Earth video on tidal locking! Feedback/Followup We got an audio suggestion from listener Stacey about Episode 2 (field gear). She suggested attaching your field pencil to a retractable ID clip so you don’t lose it. John has an update on the Jot Script 2 stylus! Fun Paper Friday We’ve all had to solve the classic physics problem of what would happen if you dug a tunnel through the center of the Earth and jumped in. The classic answer has been that you’ll move like a damped oscillator and that your fall will take about 42 minutes. By improving some of the assumptions that are used, that answer has been improved. Klotz, A. R. (2015). The gravity tunnel in a non-uniform Earth. American Journal of Physics, 83(3), 231–237. doi:10.1119/1.4898780 Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

This week we talk about another branch of earth science, meteorology. We discuss the upcoming severe weather season and Shannon’s close call with a tornadic storm. Also updates on past stories, feedback, and fun paper friday! Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability The Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability The Brunt Väisälä frequency Story Updates and Feedback Nasa has decided to go with the boulder snatch technique for an asteroid mission launching in 2020 If you like space news and talk, checkout “The Orbital Mechanics” podcast. A very early copy of William Smith’s map has been rediscovered at the geological society. You can view a digitized version of the map online. More on the mysterious radio bursts We got some feedback about levels (thanks Celena B.) and a problem with the show logo (thanks Ross K.). We hope we have corrected both. Please keep the feedback coming in! Severe Weather We encourge you to learn your way around and use the National Weather Service webpage. Also checkout the National Severe Storms Laboratory and the Storm Prediction Center. For one of the most severe weather prone areas, Oklahoma, these three organizations are co-located in the National Weather Center Communicating weather information, or an probabilistic information is actually really difficult. Doing a hand analysis of data is still crucial to weather prediction. For example the analyst knows about isobar kinking. Oklahoma Mesonet Checkout the email “The Ticker" from the mesonet Checkout if your local weather service office offers storm spotter training classes and get to know your branch meteorologist John had a relevant blog post that talked about what an expert is and how important it is to know the fundamentals. Have a disaster plan and know what to do during an emergency! This applies to field geology work just as much. Fun Paper Friday This week is April fools, so we have a laugh with the Journal Nature. This week we learn about the coming back of dragons and climate change. Hamilton, A. J., May, R. M., & Waters, E. K. (2015). Zoology: Here be dragons. Nature, 1–2. doi:10.1038/520042a Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

We’ve both been on the road recently and decided to cut together a show to share our travels with you. This week Shannon will take us into the field in NM with her students, and John will take us to Lamont for a seismology student workshop. Shannon’s Trip Shannon took her mapping class to the field for a mapping exercise. Her trip went far better than imagined. Palo Duro Canyon “The Grand Canyon of Texas" Field Guide for NM Site A surprising number of student’s hadn’t been camping before, but the school’s rec. center will rent camping equipment out to students. BLM Hoodoo trail hike Students got to look for gastroliths John’s Trip John was at the Third Annual Seismology Student Workshop at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory. We got to interview one of the organizers, Zach Eilon. A few of the talks that appealed to the instrumentation nut in John were about the MERMAIDS project and using trains as a seismic source. Organizers had students introduce themselves and make a crowd-sourced mind-map of what people wanted to talk about in breakout sessions. This worked incredibly well and there were many great discussions. There is also a google doc setup so that everyone can continue discussing and recommending papers related to discussions we had. John met more people interested in combining science and technology development in their academic career. Fun Paper Friday Have you ever tried to parallel park and thought that there just has to be a better way? As part of our “better living through math” series, we bring you: Blackburn, S. R. (2009). The geometry of perfect parking. How Round is Your Circle (Bryant) A Book of Curves (Lockwood) Ackermann Steering Geometry Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

This week we thought it would be a good idea to recap some of the apps that we use on a daily basis to get our work done. We want to explicitly state that we are fully unsponsored and that these are just our opinions, not official recommendations or endorsements We chose iPhone/iPad apps since that’s what we and many of our colleagues use. A lot of these are transferrable to the Android or other platforms. Don’t tune out or you’ll miss some tips that will help you, no matter what the platform you use is. John’s App Picks Omnifocus (Task management) Overcast (Podcasts) Drafts (Quick notes) DarkSky (Weather) RadarScope (Weather) ScannerPro/Smile PDFpen Scan+ (Mobile document scanning) Dropbox/Carousel (Mobile access to documents and photo sync) Fantastical (Easy calendar viewing/entry) Newsify (Keep up with RSS feeds) Papers3 (Reading papers and paper management) Shannon’s App Picks Evernote Penultimate WxTap EarthPrimer clinoFieldMove iGeolog Trimble outdoors MyTopo maps GeoFieldBook iGeology (Britain’s rocks in your pocket) Misc Links Getting Things Done by David Allen (Book) 43 Folders Fun Paper Friday This week we read about building sandcastles! Turns out that a lot of the worlds energy (about 10%) goes to handling granular materials and that we can learn a lot by examining simple sand. Pakpour, M., Habibi, M., Møller, P., & Bonn, D. (2012). How to construct the perfect sandcastle. Scientific Reports, 2. doi:10.1038/srep00549 Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

What is a geologic map? Conveys many sorts of geologic information The whole basis of field geology Can be a surface,bedrock, subsurface, resource, soil, etc. map Making the Map Start off with your field gear…like we talked about in episode 2. We said episode 1 in the show, but that was wrong! Have a base map (Geomorphologic map—we call these topos)…you need to know where you are at You can use an iPad/GPS with pre-loaded topo maps, or you just have your paper basemap. John likes the Garmin 62S GPS unit You don’t want to become too reliant technology in the field because it could be a life or death situation You need to have done your research before you go History of geologic maps Book: The map that changed the world, by Simon Winchester 1793 [William Smith](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Smith_(geologist), who was a surveyor working for canal builders, was paying attention to all the layers of rock that he was digging through He noticed that he could trace the different layers of rock that were stacked on each other He also noticed the different fossils inside them meant that the rocks were the same age and could be traced all over Would study coal seams, which could be easily traced and spent much time in coal mines all over England His work was highly plagiarized, causing him to go bankrupt and into debtor’s prison Bestowed the Wollaston Medal by the Geological Society of London in 1831 Known as the father of English geology Modern Tools USGS mapview Aerial Photos Drones Fun Paper Friday This week we go over a paper that discusses one of Shannon’s favorite sayings: All Models Are Wrong, but Some Are Useful, Field (2015) Three main points: 1) “Given all models are wrong, what we really hope is that any new model is more useful than its predecessors and that the value added exceeds the total development costs.” 2) “It still remains to be seen how long we will need to wait for definitive results on usefulness under various conditions.” 3) “Not only are all models wrong, but their relative usefulness varies depending on location and the specific loss metric of interest.” Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

This week we talk about how sciences can weight a planet, discuss gravity, and the explosion of a military weather satellite while in orbit. Weather Satellite Explodes Ways to Measure Planetary Mass Geometric (size and density), this doesn’t always work well By triangulation and measurement of orbits of natural or artificial satellites. Gravity All stems from Newton’s Law of Gravitation. Which is really a controversy between Newton and Hooke. Gravitational constant based on the Cavendish torsion balance experiment. Measurement of the constant is difficult since it is small and we cannot measure outside of a gravitational field. With this and Kepler’s Laws, we can solve most simple problems by hand! Planetary Ranging A variety of ranging techniques can be used, including: Radio reflection Laser reflection Triangulation Fun Paper Friday THE ASTEROID REDIRECT MISSION AND SUSTAINABLE HUMAN EXPLORATION, Gates et al. This week we talk about capturing an asteroid with a bag and a pull string, or a spider like lander. The asteroid is then explored and moved into a lunar-like orbit for further study. The best part of all is that the ship will have an international docking system so anyone can go do science. A step towards open source science! Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

Time is a very complex subject that you can devote your entire life to. Today we’ll cover a few of the basics and enough to get your interest up! We’ll see that it’s difficult to know what a second is and how long relative times are, but absolute time is even messier! We also discuss dried coffee and tetris! Importance of Time (and why it’s on a geology show) It synchronizes the world and our human interactions (need minutes - hours accuracy generally) It allows us to talk about events in a common coordinate system Allows synchronization of scientific measurements and comparison of data sources. This is really important for seismometers for EQ location! Let’s us use GPS! 1 billionth of a second (nano second) error in 1 GPS satellite, GPS receiver is +/- 1 ft to satellite, which is 2–3 feet on Earth. Early Timekeeping Burning candles in marked cases Hourglass Water powered clocks Pendulum clocks Galileo and Huygens (fancy temperature compensation as well) Video on Galileo Modern Time Keeping (Atomic Clocks) First clock was ammonia maser at National Bureau of Standards in 1949, but it really wasn’t all that accurate. It was more of a proof on concept device First cesium clock was in 1955 at the National Physical Laboratory (UK) Leads us to the definition of the SI second he duration of 9,192,631,770 cycles of radiation corresponding to the transition between two energy levels of the caesium–133 atom The NIST-F2, a cesium atomic fountain clock, is good to one second in 300 million years. How F2 works is a combination of feedback control loops, lasers, and really cold atoms. Remember, atomic clocks tick away seconds, they say nothing about the hours, minutes, seconds notation we use to write time. We just define a frequency Leap seconds Can’t predict them far into the future because of irregularities in Earth’s rotation Announced ahead of time in a bulletin by the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service 25 leap seconds since 1972 Next leap second is this year! June 30, 2015 Real problem in computing, has caused software and GPS hardware crashes/issues before Google smears the second out over a period prior to the leap Time Standards There are TONS of time standards, we’re only going to touch on a few. Most are known with highest precision in retrospect! Solar time Exactly what you would think, it’s about using the sun’s position as a time source. There is the sundial time (apparent solar time) that changes throughout the year, and the mean solar time which is like a clock time. The equation of time represents the difference between the mean and apparent solar day Star clock International Atomic Time (TAI) A measurement of proper time (it’s a relativity thing) Weighted average of over 400 atomic clocks If there is an error, it isn’t corrected. This makes it into terrestrial time. Universal Time (UT) This is what we used to call GMT! Based on Earth’s rotation w.r.t different bodies (why there is UT0,UT1,UT1R,UT2,UTC) UT1 is really mean solar time at the equator Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) Formalized in 1960 Adjustments were accommodated by leap seconds starting in 1972 Generally considered to be GMT, but GMT isn’t defined/recognized by the scientific community This comes from TAI by accounting for leap seconds! Epoch time (Unix Time) Epoch time is the number of seconds that have elapsed since 00:00:00 Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), Thursday, 1 January 1970 No leap seconds by definition, but implementation is actually messy Stored is an integer (32-bits) meaning that it will run out and roll over on Tuesday 2038–01–19 One second after 03:14:07 UTC, it’s the year 2038 problem. The Timekeeper Video Audio after the outro is David Allen FunPaperFriday Coffee rings and coffee disks: Physics on the edge Particle shape controls movement during drying The can be applied to surface design, paints, and more Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

This week we discuss the geologic time scale, meteorites, and fitness trackers! Pittsburgh Fireball Feb. 17, 2015 Video of meteor Article with details of entry Animation from meteor’s perspective NASA Fireball Network Geologic Time-it’s really big (and deep) The geologic time scale Despite all kinds of fun things to demo how vast it is…still hard to understand Cosmic Calendar Pneumonic devices for timescale-and why do we need to know it? (several examples) We make all kinds of assumptions about rocks that span millions of years, but an outcrop can change over the course of just a few years/ten years Example of things changing in days to hours Time’s Arrow, Time’s Cycle How do we begin to define Geologic time? International Commission on Stratigraphy: “ International Geologic Time Scale; thus setting global standards for the fundamental scale for expressing the history of the Earth” We have to have a baseline so that we can all talk about the “same” rocks across the world Age-dating rocks Many techniques, and the actual dates between our epochs change all the time as our age-dating techniques evolve Many periods/eras/epochs are marked by “catastrophic” occurrences, hence making them natural boundaries, but the dates change. 5 major extinction events Time as an arrow v. time as a cycle Catastrophism vs. uniformitarianism and gradualism Constantly evolving and vastly interesting Thinking about the definitions of time and how we as humans try to grasp the enormity of geologic time in particular is humbling. Fun Paper Friday In an attempt to prolong our time on Earth, we’ll talk about accuracy of fitness apps. (John wears a Fitbit Flex and uses the Fitbit Aria scale.) “Accuracy of Smartphone Applications and Wearable Devices for Tracking Physical Activity Data”, Case et al., Feb 2015, Journal of the American Medical Association

Technicians at the KGRK weather radar encountered a rattlesnake during an upgrade this week. The official NWS statement says “DUE TO COMPLICATIONS INVOLVING A RATTLESNAKE DURING TODAYS UPGRADE…THE KGRK RADAR WILL REAMIN DOWN THROUGH THE OVERNIGHT HOURS AND POSSIBLY INTO WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON.” Why should you backup? Not lose your data Not waste money, effort Legal obligation (taxes, grant data policy, etc) What makes a good backup? Local and offsite Multiple backups Harward and software independence Copies of raw and processed data (if possible) Archivable formats Incremental snapshots and clones It’s not okay to “backup” versions of files like this! Backup Solutions Backblaze (cloud, $50/yr) - This is what John uses for one of his backups Carbonite (cloud, $varies) - Not carbon copy cloner as said in the show Time Machine for Mac - Another backup method John uses Super Duper (Mirroring) Carbon Copy Cloner (bootable backups) Fun Paper Friday The Earth’s core is complex with possible tectonics happening at the inner core interface. Also, the inner core has been divided into two regions with the names: outer-inner core and inner-inner core. Geophysics: Tectonics in the Earth’s core (Olson, 2009) Equatorial anisotropy in the inner part of Earth’s inner core from autocorrelation of earthquake coda (Wang et al) Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin

Feedback We received an article from listener Hannah about using tech in education. Thanks Hannah! Interview with Nick Holschuh Nick is a graduate student at Penn State. He tells us about his field experience, getting to Antarctica, and dealing with equipment malfunction in the field! Fun Paper Friday Dread Risk, September 11, and Fatal Traffic Accidents Economic theory is built on the idea that humans, in aggregate, behave rationally. But in individual instances, under specific conditions, we find that humans rarely exhibit rationality, and so the study of these individual instances of decision-making gave birth to its own field (Behavioral Economics). It is super interesting, and is relevant to the world of science policy and public education. Here’s a crazy example of what we, as humans, do, when we fail to be rational. Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of our employers or funding agencies.

This week we discuss field tools - everything from clothing to pens and notebooks! Shannon panics due to Earth’s close encounter with an asteroid and John talks about the smell after rainstorms. We want to hear your feedback! John has been playing more with radar during the northeast blizzard. Shannon has been keeping an eye on asteroid 2004 BL86 as it passed near the Earth Monday. There are already a lot of neat radar images coming from this event. Shannon is also planning her first class field trip for a field methods class. Field Packs People use everything, backpacks, fanny packs, etc. John has a holster thing like SWAT teams. Looks a little like a weapon holster though, so be careful. (He also can’t find anyone that still sells them.) Shannon uses a wait-pack. John and Shannon use stretchy belts to hold their hammers. Lots of folks use their hammer as a ruler in the field. Clipboards John has a clipboard with storage under it. The black ones gets really hot in the sun though. Shannon uses a taped together fiber-board/lexan map board. It’s large! Field Clothing Clothing tech revolutionized geology! Drilling with quick-dry pants vs. carrying rainsuits that you sweat in anyway. All drab colors! Consider wearing a safety vest! Hat suggestions? Maybe we should go back to full academic dress? Polarized sunglasses are a must. Just beware that they can alter the color of things! Field Notebooks Traditional Write-in-the-Rain/Field books. Shannon doesn’t like these because of pencil writing quality. Extras in the back of different series of notebooks can be problematic Notebook closures: Binder clip, rubberband, or elastic over notebook If you’re really into this stuff, you would probably like the Pen Addict Podcast. Do you attach your pen/pencil to your field book? Pocket protectors, John has the stealth. Writing Instruments 0.5 mm pencils for writing in the field books For sketching/musing Palomino Blackwing 602 Shannon misses the Zebra301 ultra Compasses/Hand-lenses Bruntons are the standard, with really no substitue Handlens are now available with led lights (and uv if you’re that into it) iPads vs. regular topo map concerns Battery life Weather resistance Overheating GPS (integrated or separate) Does it take too much away from basic navigation skill development? Fun Paper Friday “Aerosol generation by raindrop impact on soil” Nature Communications, Jan 2015 There is great high speed video to go with the paper. Carl Sagan did his own version of outside of field reading! See his notes. A good fiction work to start with is “The Martian” Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of our employers or funding agencies.

Episode 1 - Clippy is Gone Now, Clippy Was Not a Help We discuss paper writing, figure making, debate the merits of our favorite software, and discuss a possible explanation of last week’s mysterious booms in Oklahoma. Shannon also discovers that John does strange things with his spare time and a police radar gun. We discuss the demise of clippy, the MS Word virtual assistant. Global Warming Trend Graphic John’s blog post on using a police radar gun for raindrop speed Paper and Report Writing John uses LaTeX, specifically MacTeX Shannon uses MS Word mostly There is value in features like track changes, scripting, distraction free environments, formatting, figure numbering, etc. John uses markdown initially to have a distraction free writing environment (in the atom editor) LaTeX help is easy to find! Poster and Figure Making Many options, but some are better than others Powerpoint (please don’t use this for posters or figures) Adobe Illustrator (expensive, steep learning curve, but good) Inkscape (free clone of Illustrator at the slight expense of install/usability headache) Photoshop InDesign KalidaGraph IGOR Pro Python Plot.ly Update on Oklahoma Booms There was talk that these could have been a result of a thermal inversion Demo of how sound bends in an inversion can be found on Dr. Dan Russell’s site and this YouTube video. Civil War may have been influenced by acoustic propagation. There is a summary article and book about it. We found a 1984 newspaper article from Oklahoma mentioning this phenomena. FunPaperFriday - Radio Bursts from Blitzars A real-time fast radio burst: polarization detection and multiwavelength follow-up (Petroff et al.) Related New Scientist Article Contact us: Show - www.dontpanicgeocast.com - @dontpanicgeo - [email protected] John Leeman - www.johnrleeman.com - @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin - @ShannonDulin Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of our employers or funding agencies.

Episode 0 - “Hello World!” In this episode, we discuss what this podcast is, who we are, and wrap up our conference travels. We also throw out our nominations for this week’s “Fun Paper Friday.” The Podcast We’ll be discussing: - Recent news/discoveries in geoscience - Technology that helps get the job done - Interviews with leaders in the field or interesting people - Conference stories - Bantering about any geo vs. tech topic - #FunPaperFriday articles This podcast is for anyone working in, interested in, or vaguely associated with the Earth sciences. As Click and Clack the Tappet Brothers would say, we will often discuss things “unencumbered by the thought process.” Who we are John Leeman and Shannon Dulin, meteorology and geology geeks. Winter Conference Wrap-Up GSA - Vancouver, BC Woolard Award winner-using paleomagnetism and continental reconstructions to determine how extinctions occurred. Digital poster sessions integrating google earth and structural geology Digital posters showing how drones are becoming more used to bring geology to students AGU - San Francisco, CA Nearly 24,000 people, about 30% students! Interesting talks on friction as a fracture process, coaxial cable Bragg grating strain-meters, and slow-slip being stopped by earthquakes in NZ. John co-chaired a student pop-up session and presented both science and a fun talk on using sensors in education. You can build a copy of his 3D Compass. FunPaperFriday John’s Paper - Frostquakes in New England - Barosh (2000), especially relevant after the mysterious booms reported in Oklahoma last week. Frostquakes have caused ground fracture before. Shannon’s Paper - (Okay, not a paper, but a cool website from me this week!) http://scieastereggs.tumblr.com/ Contact us: Show www.dontpanicgeocast.com @dontpanicgeo [email protected] John Leeman www.johnrleeman.com @geo_leeman Shannon Dulin @ShannonDulin