Company Interviews

Interview with Lon Shaver, President of Silvercorp Metals and Michael Konnert, President & CEO of Vizsla Silver Corp.Recording date: 7th May 2025The silver market is experiencing its fifth consecutive year of structural deficit, creating a compelling investment case as demand continues to outpace supply. This imbalance stems from the challenges inherent in developing new silver mines—including permitting hurdles, financing difficulties, and extended development timelines—while production costs rise at roughly 8% annually.Unlike many commodities, silver benefits from dual demand drivers. Industrial usage, particularly in solar energy applications, continues to grow alongside global decarbonization efforts. Simultaneously, investment demand is rising, with the World Silver Survey projecting a 7% increase this year as investors seek alternatives amid economic uncertainty and following gold's upward trajectory.Primary silver producers like Silvercorp Metals and developers such as Vizsla Silver are capitalizing on these favorable conditions. Vizsla's Copala Panuco project in Mexico demonstrates exceptional economics with a projected payback period under six months at current prices, while Silvercorp is leveraging its cash flow from Chinese operations to construct a second project in Ecuador, slated for commissioning in late 2026.Both companies emphasize disciplined capital allocation and operational excellence. Despite having robust growth pipelines, they maintain conservative balance sheets while pursuing strategic expansions. This approach has enabled them to secure financing on favorable terms as investor sentiment shifts positively toward the sector.Geopolitical trends are increasingly favorable to mining in key jurisdictions like Mexico, Ecuador, and Canada, where governments recognize the economic benefits of resource development. Vizsla notes that its operations could eventually support up to 1,000 direct and indirect jobs, highlighting mining's contribution to local economies.While ESG considerations are less headline-grabbing than in recent years, they have become standard practice for well-managed companies. Both Silvercorp and Vizsla integrate sustainable operations and community engagement as core business functions, improving their appeal to institutional investors.Despite the favorable macro environment, silver equities have not yet fully priced in the underlying commodity dynamics, suggesting potential upside for investors. As broader capital markets reengage with the commodity sector, silver equities—offering both industrial utility and monetary potential—represent an underappreciated opportunity for investors seeking fundamentally supported long-term growth.Learn more: https://cruxinvestor.com/categories/commodities/silverhttps://cruxinvestor.com/companies/vizsla-silver-corphttps://cruxinvestor.com/companies/silvercorp-metalsSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Justin Reid, President & CEO of Troilus Gold Corp.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/troilus-gold-tsxtlg-700m-debt-secured-for-quebec-gold-copper-mine-6856Recording date: 6th May 2025Troilus Gold stands at the forefront of copper-gold development in Canada, with the company making remarkable strides toward production at its flagship project in Quebec. The company has secured a game-changing $700 million US debt package backed by export credit agencies and led by SOCGEN, KFW, and Export Development Canada. This financing structure, relatively rare for junior miners, leverages Troilus Gold's strategic position as the only near-term copper concentrate producer in Eastern Canada at a time when global smelters face severe supply constraints following the closure of major operations like Cobre Panama.Recent high-grade drill results have enhanced confidence in the project's first five years of production, with CEO Justin Reid noting that "the higher grade is larger than we thought," providing greater certainty for both lenders and shareholders. The company is progressing through Quebec's permitting process with anticipated approval by mid-2026, targeting construction by early 2027. Significantly, Troilus isn't waiting for final permits, having already begun early works under existing exploration permits to de-risk the timeline and reduce future capital expenditures.The project benefits from its history as a previously producing mine with 14 years of successful operation, substantially reducing technical risk. This historical performance provides valuable data on metallurgy, processing, and geotechnical aspects that new developments typically lack. The company has assembled an exceptional leadership team, including VP Operations Andy Fortin, who worked at the original Troilus operation and built major Quebec mines including Meadowbank, and construction leader Denis Rivard, who recently completed Montreal's REM rail project on time and on budget.Troilus Gold has established strong partnerships with the Cree Nation, whose traditional territory hosts the project. With 25% of the current workforce from Cree communities and three major contracts with Cree partners already in place, the company has built a genuine relationship that goes beyond mere consultation. This partnership represents a significant advantage in a time when indigenous relationships are increasingly recognized as essential to successful mine development in Canada.From a market perspective, Troilus offers investors exposure to both copper and gold – combining industrial demand from electrification trends with monetary hedge characteristics. The company's market capitalization has grown to approximately $250 million, aligning with historical valuations of other major Quebec gold developments at similar stages. With copper fundamentals particularly strong due to global supply constraints and multiple near-term catalysts including offtake agreement finalization and environmental assessment filing, Troilus Gold presents a compelling opportunity for investors seeking exposure to critical minerals in a tier-one jurisdiction with a clear path to production.—View Troilus Gold's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/troilus-goldSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Mark Chalmers, President & CEO of Energy Fuels Inc.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/energy-fuels-nyseuuuu-what-us-automotives-want-7028Recording date: 2nd May 2025Energy Fuels is emerging as a standout player in the critical minerals sector, with its unique dual focus on uranium and rare earth elements production. The company recently demonstrated its operational capabilities by producing 151,400 pounds of uranium in April 2025 from its Pinyon Plane mine, achieving higher-than-expected grades of approximately 1.6%.Led by industry veteran Mark Chalmers, who brings 49 years of global uranium production experience, Energy Fuels has strategically positioned itself to capitalize on growing supply constraints in the uranium market. Chalmers offers a sobering assessment of the global uranium supply situation, noting that the best deposits worldwide are depleting while new discoveries remain limited, unpermitted, and undeveloped.The company's White Mesa Mill represents a significant competitive advantage, with the flexibility to switch between uranium and rare earth processing based on market conditions. This capability allows Energy Fuels to respond with unusual agility to customer demands and price fluctuations.Beyond current production, Energy Fuels is advancing multiple mining projects including Roca Honda in New Mexico, Bullfrog, and potential restarts at the La Sal Complex, Energy Queen, and Whirlwind mines. The company emphasizes "pounds above the ground" rather than just theoretical resources.Energy Fuels has positioned itself to potentially provide 50-100% of US demand for multiple critical minerals, aligning perfectly with governmental priorities for secure domestic supply chains. Despite strong federal support, regulatory and permitting challenges remain significant barriers to rapid industry expansion.Chalmers believes uranium prices must rise "well into the hundreds" per pound to incentivize new production and ensure long-term industry sustainability. With uranium currently trading around $70/lb and production costs at approximately $40/lb, Energy Fuels stands to benefit substantially from this anticipated price appreciation while executing its unique strategy in critical minerals.Learn more: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/energy-fuelsSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Matthew Hayes, Executive Director of James Bay Minerals Ltd.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/james-bay-minerals-asx-jby-two-pronged-approach-near-surface-gold-high-grade-skarn-upside-6312Recording date: 28th April 2025James Bay Minerals is advancing its strategic 1.4 million ounce gold resource in Nevada toward potential near-term production. The project features a high-grade component of 980,000 ounces grading 6.67 g/t gold and a surface oxide component of approximately 400,000 ounces at nearly 4 g/t.Located adjacent to Nevada Gold Mines' Phoenix operation, described as "the largest gold mine in the world," JBY's asset shares identical geology with a proven neighbor that has produced 9 million ounces over 40 years. The project benefits from existing infrastructure including power, paved roads, and secured water rights, with just a 15-minute drive to the established mining town of Battle Mountain.Executive Director Matthew Hayes, who holds approximately 15% of the company, highlighted their production-focused strategy: "We've got advanced heap leach permitting in place. And within 8-12 months we could be in production." This heap leach approach could enable operations to begin at a relatively modest capital cost compared to conventional mining.JBY acquired the asset in a distressed situation for less than $4 per ounce (now effectively under $2 per ounce at current share prices) and maintains a healthy treasury with $7.3 million cash. The company is currently conducting a 4,000-meter drill program targeting significant resource expansion, including previously undrilled high-grade outcrops with samples up to 42 g/t gold.Metallurgical studies demonstrate favorable recoveries of 79% for oxide material, exceeding the neighboring operation's 68% recovery despite processing much lower grades (0.32 g/t).Management's substantial ownership (approximately 33% collectively) aligns interests with shareholders and supports their anti-dilutive approach, with Hayes noting: "We'll most likely be looking to do it majority through debt financing."In the current strong gold price environment, JBY represents a compelling opportunity for investors seeking exposure to a potential near-term gold producer in a premier mining jurisdiction.View James Bay Minerals' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/james-bay-mineralsSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Paul Barrett, CEO of Rome ResourcesOur previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/rome-resources-lsermr-tin-resource-update-in-the-coming-months-6874Recording date: 29th April 2025Rome Resources (LSE) has announced the resumption of exploration drilling in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) following improved security conditions in the region. CEO Paul Barrett confirmed that helicopter support has mobilized back to the country, with drilling operations expected to restart by the end of this week.The improved situation stems from M23 rebels retreating from the company's operational area back to the Kivu region, along with ongoing peace talks between Rwanda and DRC. While currently operating from Kisangani, the company plans to eventually return to Goma, which would streamline logistics with shorter helicopter flight times.Rome Resources is focusing exclusively on the Mont Agoma deposit, having already collected sufficient data from the Kalayi deposit. The strategic drilling program targets a specific data gap in the deeper part of Mont Agoma, based on their geological model suggesting increased tin grades at depth. The company also plans to drill exploratory holes on the southern fringe to determine the deposit's lateral extent.Mont Agoma represents a more complex opportunity than the pure tin Kalayi deposit, featuring additional copper and zinc mineralization. This multi-metal potential could provide significant value streams for the project, with the company exploring combined processing options for all three metals.A key near-term catalyst is the planned resource estimate expected by the end of May 2025, pending assay results from holes 24 and 26. The estimate will require independent verification to comply with AIM listing rules.Financially, Rome Resources maintains a strong position with $2.7 million in cash and a tightly controlled drilling budget of $1.6 million. The company operates with a lean structure, directing 90% of expenditures toward drilling activities.The company is also exploring collaboration opportunities with neighboring miner Alphamin for shared helicopter and fixed-wing facilities, potentially improving operational efficiency in the remote region.View Rome Resources' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/rome-resourcesSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Jeff Quartermaine, Managing Direcotr & CEO of Perseus Mining Ltd.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/perseus-mining-asxpru-gold-operations-deliver-22-profit-growth-6748Recording date: 29th April 2025Perseus Mining Limited (ASX/TSX: PRU) has emerged as one of Africa's most compelling gold investment opportunities, demonstrating exceptional financial strength and a clear growth trajectory. With its March 2025 quarter results revealing cash and bullion reserves of US$801 million, zero debt, and an additional US$300 million in undrawn credit facilities, Perseus stands on remarkably solid financial footing among mid-tier gold producers.The company's operational excellence continues to impress, with quarterly production of 121,605 ounces at a competitive all-in site cost (AISC) of US$1,209 per ounce. This efficiency, combined with strong gold prices averaging US$2,462 per ounce during the quarter, has generated substantial cash margins of US$1,253 per ounce and a notional operating cashflow of US$152 million. Such robust margins highlight Perseus's ability to maximize value from its existing asset base.Most significantly, Perseus has now taken the Final Investment Decision to develop the Nyanzaga Gold Project in Tanzania. This strategic expansion represents a US$523 million investment to develop a large-scale, wholly open-pit operation expected to produce first gold in Q1 2027. Over its initial 11-year mine life, Nyanzaga is projected to produce 2.01 million ounces of gold, with production averaging over 200,000 ounces annually from FY28 to FY35 and peaking at 246,000 ounces. The project's strong economics are reflected in its pre-tax NPV10% of US$404 million and IRR of 26%, figures that improve dramatically at higher gold prices.Complementing the Nyanzaga development is Perseus's commitment to the CMA Underground project at its flagship Yaouré operation in Côte d'Ivoire. This development will make history as Côte d'Ivoire's first mechanized underground mine while extending Yaouré's operational life until at least 2035. With Byrnecut appointed as the specialized underground mining contractor and mobilization already underway, the project is advancing rapidly toward portal development in July 2025.Despite these significant capital commitments, Perseus continues to prioritize shareholder returns through its ongoing A$100 million share buyback program, which was approximately 33% complete at quarter-end. This balanced approach to capital allocation demonstrates management's commitment to creating both immediate and long-term value for investors.Perseus Mining has clearly positioned itself for sustainable growth beyond this decade. CEO Jeff Quartermaine's strategy of building "a sustainable, geopolitically diversified but African-focused gold business involving 3-4 operating mines that produce between 500-600koz of gold per annum" is now coming to fruition. With its exceptional financial position, strong operational performance, and two major growth projects underway, Perseus offers investors exposure to a well-managed gold producer with significant upside potential in a favorable gold price environment.—View Perseus Mining's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/perseus-miningSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Compass, episode 13Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/why-smart-money-is-chasing-mining-royalty-companies-7032Recording date: 28th April 2025The investment landscape has settled into a period of relative calm following an eventful first quarter marked by new tariff policies from the Trump administration. Markets currently appear to be in a holding pattern, waiting for the next significant catalyst, according to recent discussions between Samuel Pelaez and Derek Macpherson of Olive Resource Capital.This temporary market lull provides an opportunity for investors to reassess positioning, particularly in the gold sector, which is demonstrating remarkable strength. Q1 reporting reveals impressive performance from leading gold producers, with Agnico Eagle generating $6.7 million in daily free cash flow during Q1 at an average gold price of $2,900. With gold now trading around $3,400, daily free cash flow could potentially exceed $10 million, showcasing the significant operating leverage gold producers have to metal prices.The fundamentals driving gold stocks are increasingly attractive to professional investors. Agnico Eagle posted year-over-year revenue growth of 36% in Q1, outpacing even successful tech companies that typically grow at around 20% annually. Despite this strong performance, valuations remain compelling, with Agnico Eagle estimated to be trading at a free cash flow multiple of 10-15 times.Generalist investors are beginning to take notice, with Newmont ranking as the third-best performing stock in the S&P 500 year-to-date, up approximately 45%. This investment cycle typically begins with generalists purchasing large-cap gold producers, followed by capital flowing to mid-caps, developers, and eventually explorers – a pattern that appears to be in its early to middle stages currently.Several macroeconomic factors continue to support gold, including upcoming debt ceiling negotiations and budget discussions in Congress, which could drive market volatility in the coming months. Additionally, the U.S. dollar, described as "significantly oversold," may experience a temporary rebound that could create short-term volatility in gold prices, potentially offering buying opportunities.Olive Resource Capital maintains approximately 50% of its assets in gold and platinum group metals (PGMs), focusing on highest-conviction names. The company also sees potential in PGMs, which are currently out of favor but face fundamental supply constraints with production dominated by South Africa and Russia.With ongoing fiscal challenges, potential monetary policy adjustments, and geopolitical uncertainties likely to persist through 2025, the fundamental case for gold as both a portfolio diversifier and growth opportunity remains compelling. Investors who can look beyond short-term price movements to focus on quality assets and management teams are well-positioned to benefit from this developing investment cycle.Sign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Shane Williams, President & CEO of West Red Lake Gold MinesAlex Black, Executive Chairman of Rio2 Ltd.Recording date: 25th April 2025In a recent panel discussion, Shane Williams, CEO of West Red Lake Gold Mines, and Alex Black, Executive Chair of Rio2, shared valuable perspectives on gold mine development that investors should consider when evaluating mining stocks.The executives lead distinctly different projects: West Red Lake's Madsen mine is a high-grade underground operation in Canada, while Rio2's Fenix Gold is a large open-pit low-grade project in Chile. This contrast highlights the diverse approaches within the gold mining sector.Williams described Madsen as a data-driven operation requiring intensive geological understanding through 150,000 meters of detailed drilling. "It's not a visual mine. So you can't visually follow the gold," he explained. The mine employs three levels of geological modeling and will process 800 tons daily with an expected annual production of 65,000-70,000 ounces at full capacity.In contrast, Black characterized Fenix Gold as "a massive 400 million ton ore body sitting at the top of a hill." Rio2 will move approximately 20,000 tons daily with a grade of about 0.5 grams per ton, compared to Madsen's 8 grams. First gold production is anticipated in January 2026, targeting 100,000 ounces annually by year-end.Both executives emphasized that successful mine development depends on experienced management teams – a resource increasingly scarce in the industry. "There's been a brain drain in the mining sector over the last 20 years," Black noted, while Williams cautioned investors against taking management credentials at face value.The discussion highlighted several red flags investors should watch for, including projects with extended development timelines. "A project should take three to four years to build roughly," Williams stated. "If that project is not moving, there's something there that either they can't advance or there's some issues."The executives advocated for leadership approaches focused on empowerment rather than micromanagement. "If you're a micromanager, you're going to lose," Black emphasized, particularly in project development where numerous workstreams must progress simultaneously.They also discussed industry challenges including the need for consolidation among junior miners, management ego as a barrier to necessary mergers, and the importance of transparency with shareholders.For investors, the key takeaways include thoroughly evaluating management credentials, understanding the specific challenges of different mining methods, recognizing timeline red flags, and appreciating the necessity of transparency and appropriate leadership approaches in successful mine development.Sign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Philip Williams, Director & CEO of Iso Energy Ltd.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/isoenergy-tsxiso-nyse-listing-on-horizon-as-company-expands-athabasca-basin-drilling-6792Recording date: 25th April 2025IsoEnergy, led by CEO Philip Williams, has established itself as a diversified uranium explorer and developer with a portfolio spanning Canada, the United States, and Australia. The company is advancing its flagship Hurricane project in Canada's Athabasca Basin, which boasts an exceptional resource of 48.6 million pounds at 34.5% grade, making it one of the highest-grade uranium deposits globally.The Hurricane deposit's value extends beyond its impressive grade. Strategically located in the eastern Athabasca Basin near existing infrastructure, including the McClean Lake mill, the deposit continues across a property boundary onto land owned by Cameco and Orano. Recent drilling has revealed promising results, with elevated radioactivity detected in multiple locations, including a significant intercept 2.8 kilometers from the main deposit.Williams employs a "fried egg" analogy to describe their exploration approach: "In the center of the egg is the ultra-high grade. And as you get to the outside of the egg, when you move out of the yolk into the whites, that's where you have lower grade." Recent findings suggest they've identified the "whites" of potentially new deposits and are now searching for the high-grade "yolks."Beyond Hurricane, IsoEnergy owns past-producing uranium mines in the United States that could restart within 3-6 months when market conditions improve. These conventional mines offer significant operational flexibility, as Williams notes: "You can turn them on, turn them off, batch mine them," unlike larger projects requiring substantial capital investment.With $50 million in cash and a $30 million equity portfolio, IsoEnergy is well-positioned to advance its business plan despite market volatility. The company's diversified strategy reduces the risks associated with single-asset, single-jurisdiction uranium companies.Williams highlights a fundamental disconnect in the uranium market: "It costs more marginally to produce uranium than it's trading at right now. So at some point the rubber will hit the road." He believes an eventual price correction is inevitable as producers cannot sustain losses indefinitely.IsoEnergy's ultimate vision is to build a robust, diversified uranium producer delivering shareholder returns across multiple timeframes. As Williams concludes, "In uranium, if you want to be a relevant long-term bigger player, you need to have multiple assets" – a strategy that positions IsoEnergy to weather the sector's volatility while capitalizing on expected long-term growth in uranium demand.View IsoEnergy's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/isoenergySign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Dr. Mike Jones, MD of Impact Minerals Ltd.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/impact-minerals-asxipt-developing-critical-high-purity-alumina-project-in-australia-6331Recording date: 23rd April 2025Impact Minerals has announced a transformative 50/50 joint venture to acquire Hipura Proprietary Limited, positioning the company to fast-track its entry into the high-purity alumina (HPA) market. The acquisition includes a nearly-completed pilot plant capable of producing at least 25 tons per annum of HPA, requiring just final electrical connections and approximately $500,000 in capital to commission over the next 3-6 months.The $2.2 million acquisition price is split equally between Impact and its partners, with Impact contributing $1.1 million. Both parties have also committed a further $1 million in working capital ($500,000 each) to bring the pilot plant to operational status."This acquisition significantly accelerates our path to production," said Dr. Mike Jones, Managing Director of Impact Minerals. Hipura's solvent extraction technology is similar to that used by Alpha HPA, which has achieved a billion-dollar market capitalization in the HPA space.The joint venture company, named Alluminous, will operate independently with a board structure consisting of two members from Impact, two from other shareholders, and an independent chairperson who will have the casting vote in case of disagreements.A key strategic element is the potential integration with Impact's existing Lake Hope project in Western Australia. Impact is exploring whether material from Lake Hope could serve as feedstock for the Hipura process, potentially reducing costs compared to the chemical feedstock currently required.The acquisition positions Impact as the second most advanced HPA producer in the Australian market behind Alpha HPA. "No one else in the HPA space has either got a pilot plant or can produce anywhere near that kind of quantity. We've taken a huge step forward over our peers," noted Dr. Jones.The HPA market has seen growing interest, particularly in applications for semiconductors, LED lighting, and batteries. Alpha HPA has reported indicative demand exceeding 30,000 tons for its 10,000-ton plant, suggesting strong market potential.Unlike Alpha HPA's large-scale approach requiring significant capital expenditure, Impact believes the Hipura process enables a modular approach with smaller, more capital-efficient plants that can be scaled up as demand grows.With North American investment groups involved in the joint venture, Impact is also eyeing potential geographical expansion, particularly targeting the growing semiconductor industry demand for HPA in North America.The transaction is described as "clean" with no hidden liabilities or unresolved IP issues, providing a fresh start for the technology under the new joint venture arrangement.View Impact Minerals' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/impact-mineralsSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Compass, episode 12Our previous episode: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/gold-shines-while-traditional-safe-havens-falter-7015Recording date: 23rd April 2025Mining royalty companies are emerging as an attractive investment option for those seeking commodity exposure with reduced operational risk. Recent market developments, particularly the acquisition of Orogen Royalties' tier one royalty on the Silicon deposit by Triple Flag, have highlighted the value proposition of these unique business models.Unlike traditional mining operations, royalty companies operate on a fundamentally different model. They hold the right to a percentage of revenue, typically 1-2% of the net smelter return, providing commodity price exposure without the corresponding operational costs or risks. This business model originated in the oil and gas industry but has been successfully applied to mining, particularly in gold where returns are straightforward to calculate.The key advantage of royalty companies lies in their risk profile. As Samuel Pelaez, President & CEO at Olive Resource Capital explains, these companies have "no exposure to the cost portions or the risk that's attributable to cost overruns and margin compression." Their sole exposure is to commodity prices and production success. Additionally, most royalty agreements include rights to exploration upside, covering new discoveries within the area of interest.This capital-light business model allows companies like Franco Nevada to operate with minimal staff while commanding a market capitalization of C$46 billion. Once due diligence is complete and royalties are secured, the business essentially involves waiting for royalty checks to arrive.Royalty companies typically trade at premium valuations of 10-20 times revenue compared to traditional mining companies. This reflects their lower risk profile and appeal to generalist investors seeking gold exposure without the complexity of evaluating individual mining projects."Tier one royalties" – those on large-scale assets in good jurisdictions – are particularly valuable but rarely held by small public companies. The recent acquisition of Orogen's royalty on AngloGold Ashanti's Silicon-Merlin project (with approximately 16 million ounces of gold resource) by Triple Flag valued it at approximately 15-16 times projected annual revenue.When evaluating royalty companies, investors should focus on royalties that are either currently cash-flowing or have a clear path to production. As Derek Macpherson, Executive Chair at Olive Resource Capital notes, "A royalty that isn't producing cash flow or doesn't have a clear path to production is worth zero."As gold prices remain strong, royalty companies continue to offer an appealing way to gain leveraged exposure to precious metals without taking on the full range of risks associated with mining operations.Sign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with John Cash, CEO of Ur-Energy Inc.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/ur-energy-nyseurg-uranium-producer-targeting-22mlb-output-in-us-6676Recording date: 23rd April 2025Ur-Energy, one of North America's few active uranium producers, is making significant operational progress at its Lost Creek facility in Wyoming while preparing to launch its second mine, Shirley Basin, by early 2026. After facing production challenges throughout 2024, the company reported substantial improvements in Q1 2025, now consistently producing at around 400,000 pounds annualized.CEO John Cash indicates the company has secured seven contracts worth approximately 5.84 million pounds over the next few years, primarily with US utilities. These contracts include inflation escalation provisions, offering protection against rising costs. For 2025, Ur-Energy's contract commitments total 440,000 pounds, increasing to over 1.2 million pounds in 2026.The company estimates production costs of approximately $45/lb at Lost Creek and $50/lb at Shirley Basin as they achieve economies of scale, well below the current long-term uranium price of $80/lb. This provides healthy margins despite recent operational challenges that resulted in losses of $6.19 per pound in 2024, compared to a profit of nearly $31/lb in 2023.Development at Shirley Basin appears on schedule, with significant construction already completed. The company has made progress staffing the new operation and plans to hire approximately 40-50 more hourly staff by late summer to ensure proper training before production begins.As a US-based producer selling primarily to US utilities, Ur-Energy is largely insulated from potential tariffs and trade restrictions. The company could benefit from the recent Section 232 investigation into critical minerals, which explicitly includes uranium and might yield supportive measures for domestic producers.Cash believes the uranium market remains in a supply deficit, with many promised projects unlikely to materialize. He suggests prices might need to increase by another $10-20/lb to incentivize sufficient new production, highlighting the disconnect between projected and realistic uranium supply in the coming years.View Ur-Energy's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/ur-energy-incSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with VP of Critical Minerals, Debra BennethumOur previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/energy-fuels-nyse-uuuu-reshoring-critical-mineral-production-back-to-the-us-6878Recording date: 23rd April 2025Energy Fuels stands at a pivotal moment in its corporate evolution, transforming from a 45-year veteran uranium producer into potentially America's premier rare earth elements processor. This strategic pivot capitalizes on the company's existing infrastructure, technical expertise, and unique competitive advantages in an increasingly critical sector. The rare earth oxide produced by Energy Fuels—particularly neodymium-praseodymium (NDPR)—is essential for manufacturing permanent magnets used in electric vehicle motors, wind turbines, and defense applications. Unlike many aspirational rare earth companies, Energy Fuels has already commissioned a 1,000-ton per annum production facility at its White Mesa Mill with plans to expand to 6,000 tons by 2028, demonstrating real production capability rather than conceptual plans.The company's strategic advantage stems from its approach to processing monazite sand—a byproduct of heavy mineral sand operations—which provides a more favorable cost structure than competitors. Critically, Energy Fuels' uranium processing expertise, existing facilities, and regulatory permits create significant barriers to entry for potential competitors, as monazite contains uranium that must be properly processed and managed. This positions Energy Fuels as potentially the only American company that can economically process this valuable rare earth source at scale, with the company's leadership believing they can compete with Chinese producers on cost—a critical factor for securing automotive contracts.Recent additions to the leadership team enhance this competitive position. Debra Bennethum, who joined as VP of Critical Minerals in June 2024, brings 13 years of procurement and supply chain experience at General Motors, including direct involvement in sourcing critical minerals for EV batteries and drive units. This automotive industry expertise provides Energy Fuels with invaluable insights into OEM procurement processes and requirements, potentially accelerating customer acquisition and contract negotiations.The timing for Energy Fuels' strategic pivot appears opportune. Recent Chinese export restrictions on seven rare earth elements have highlighted vulnerabilities in global supply chains, accelerating automotive manufacturers' interest in securing domestic supplies. The semiconductor shortage during the pandemic further prompted OEMs to develop more direct relationships with material suppliers to avoid similar disruptions. These dynamics create strong tailwinds for Energy Fuels as it develops its rare earth business.For investors, Energy Fuels offers a compelling combination of execution progress and substantial market opportunity. The company has already secured validation partnerships with manufacturers like POSCO International, with potential for product to enter saleable vehicles as early as this year. The automotive industry's typical 5-7 year contract structures for vehicle programs offer visibility for potentially stable, long-term revenue streams. Additionally, Energy Fuels' diversified revenue approach—maintaining its uranium business while developing rare earth production—provides multiple avenues for growth while reducing concentration risk. With a feasibility study update expected by year-end and financial projections to follow in 2025, investors may soon have clearer visibility into the value proposition of what could become America's cornerstone rare earth producer in an increasingly critical mineral-dependent economy.—Learn more: https://cruxinvestor.com/companies/energy-fuels-incSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with George Salamis, President & CEO of Integra Resources Corp.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/integra-resources-tsxvitr-us-gold-producer-on-path-to-300000-oz-pa-6833Recording date: 23rd April 2025Integra Resources (TSX: ITR; NYSE: ITRG) has successfully transformed from a development-stage company into a producing gold miner with the acquisition of the Florida Canyon mine, creating a compelling investment opportunity in the gold sector. The company's recent Q1 2025 results showcased robust production of 19,323 ounces of gold and established a solid financial foundation with $61.1 million in cash, demonstrating the operational and financial strength that underpins its growth strategy.The company's three-asset portfolio in the western United States creates a clear path to significant production growth. Florida Canyon currently produces approximately 75,000 ounces annually, but with the planned development of DeLamar and Wildcat, Integra aims to reach approximately 300,000 ounces of annual production. This growth trajectory follows a self-funded model where "one asset pays for the second which pays for the third," eliminating the need for dilutive equity financing that has historically constrained the company's ability to create shareholder value.The timing of Integra's transformation could not be more opportune, with gold prices reaching record levels around $3,400 per ounce. This price environment has dramatically enhanced the economics of Florida Canyon beyond initial expectations when the acquisition was made. While implementing prudent risk management through a put option strategy with a floor of $2,400 for 75% of 2025's expected production, Integra maintains full exposure to gold price upside, creating an attractive risk-reward profile.Integra has assembled what CEO George Salamis describes as a "builder's team" with the technical expertise to both operate existing mines and develop new projects. Key additions include COO Cliff LaFleur from Silvercrest and VP of Permitting Dale Kerner from Perpetua Resources, strengthening the company's ability to execute its development strategy. The current U.S. administration's supportive stance toward domestic mining projects further enhances Integra's operating environment, potentially accelerating permitting timelines for both DeLamar and Wildcat.From a valuation perspective, Integra currently trades at approximately 0.35x price-to-net asset value, compared to a junior producer peer average of 0.6x, suggesting significant potential for revaluation as the company executes its growth strategy. This discount largely stems from the market's focus primarily on Florida Canyon's value while attributing little value to the development-stage assets. As Integra advances DeLamar and Wildcat toward production using internally generated funds, this valuation gap should narrow.The company's strategic focus on optimization initiatives at Florida Canyon, including improvements to the electrowinning circuit, carbon-in-column circuit, and potential fleet upgrades, presents additional opportunities to enhance cash flow beyond current levels. These incremental improvements, combined with a planned 10,000-meter exploration program aimed at extending Florida Canyon's mine life beyond six years, could provide near-term catalysts for share price appreciation.For investors seeking exposure to gold with a combination of current production and significant growth potential, Integra Resources offers a compelling investment case. The company's transition from a perpetual fundraising cycle to a self-funded growth model, coupled with its experienced management team and strategic asset base in a favorable jurisdiction, positions it well to deliver substantial returns as it executes its clearly defined path to becoming a mid-tier gold producer.—View Integra Resources' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/integra-resourcesSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Chad Peters, President & CEO of Ridgeline Minerals Corp.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/ridgeline-minerals-tsxvrdg-hits-high-grade-gold-validating-nevada-prospect-generator-model-6223Recording date: 21st April 2025Ridgeline Minerals, a Nevada-focused exploration company, is leveraging its innovative hybrid business model to execute an ambitious $11 million USD drilling campaign across five projects in 2025, representing nearly 50% of its current market capitalization. The company's unique approach combines major partnerships with self-funded exploration, allowing it to maintain aggressive exploration activity while minimizing shareholder dilution.Led by President and CEO Chad Peters, Ridgeline has secured strategic partnerships totaling $60 million with industry giants Nevada Gold Mines (Barrick-Newmont joint venture) and South32. These agreements provide full funding for exploration while preserving Ridgeline's carried interests through to commercial production—25% on gold projects—essentially ensuring no shareholder dilution through the development phase.The company's flagship Swift project, backed by a $30 million deal with Nevada Gold Mines, sits just 4 kilometers from a 23-million-ounce gold mine and has already demonstrated significant potential with drilling results of up to 1.5 meters at 10 grams per ton gold. The Black Ridge project, another NGM partnership worth $10 million, is positioned between the high-grade Leeville mine and the massive 40-million-ounce Goldstrike deposit.South32's $20 million partnership at the Selena project targets Carbonate Replacement Deposits (CRDs) similar to their $2 billion Taylor acquisition. Recent geophysical surveys have identified identical anomalies to those at Taylor, with Ridgeline managing a $3.5 million deep drilling program in 2025 while earning 10% management fees.Ridgeline is also advancing two wholly-owned projects: Big Blue, a historic copper mine targeting porphyry mineralization, and Atlas, an oxide gold project with surface values up to 8 g/t along a 3-kilometer trend. The company's 2025 catalyst timeline includes drill results from May through early 2026, providing continuous news flow for investors.With gold at all-time highs and major mining companies facing reserve replacement challenges, Ridgeline's hybrid model positions it perfectly for current market conditions. Peters notes that majors are "making tons of money right now" but face the prospect of overpaying for assets in the future, creating an ideal environment for exploration partnerships.Trading at approximately C$30 million market cap, Ridgeline sits in what Peters calls the "pre-discovery sweet spot," comparable to successful companies like Kirkland Lake Gold that followed similar hybrid models before rerating on discoveries. With multiple discovery opportunities, protected upside through carried interests, and continuous drilling catalysts throughout 2025, Ridgeline offers investors compelling leverage to exploration success in Nevada's premier mining districts.View Ridgeline Minerals' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/ridgeline-mineralsSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Compass, episode 11Our previous episode: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/gold-shines-amid-tariff-tensions-6961Recording date: 17th April 2025Gold and gold mining stocks have emerged as standout performers in today's challenging market environment, according to industry experts Samuel Pelaez and Derek Macpherson of Olive Resource Capital. While traditional safe havens like bonds weaken and equities struggle, gold miners have posted impressive gains of 20-80% from recent lows."Everything that has happened right — you've got equities that are weak... bonds that are weak... and the dollar is weak," Macpherson noted, explaining the unusual market conditions driving investors toward gold as a reliable store of value.The experts identified a predictable pattern currently unfolding in the gold market. Historically, investment capital flows sequentially from physical gold to large-cap producers, then to mid-tier producers, development-stage companies, and eventually exploration firms. This pattern, evident in previous gold cycles (2001-2005 and 2009-2011), appears to be repeating, with large-cap producers already seeing substantial gains.A significant change in market structure could accelerate this trend. The consolidation of mid-tier producers has created a gap in the industry, potentially allowing capital to flow more directly from major producers to development-stage companies. Resource funds that have profited from large-cap positions are now seeking diversification in smaller companies, as evidenced by VanEck's recent position in Troilus Gold.The next 60 days represent an opportune "sweet spot" for junior mining companies to raise capital. "They've outperformed over the last six weeks... but there's still a sweet spot where you can raise significant amount of money, set them up for the next 12-24 months, and still lots of upside left for the new incoming investors," Pelaez explained.For exploration companies that have spent years conducting low-cost groundwork like surface sampling and geophysics, this financing window enables advancement to drilling their most promising targets. When properly deployed, this capital can create value that outweighs dilution concerns.Despite recent gains, both experts emphasized that the gold market cycle has considerable room to run. "This is a very exciting time... Don't blink, don't miss it... the next couple months are going to be tremendously important for this market," Pelaez stated.For investors, the message is clear: gold appears well-positioned in the current environment of economic uncertainty, with continued momentum expected until greater clarity emerges about the broader economy.Sign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Emanuel Proença, CEO of Savannah Resources PLCRecording date: 15th April 2025Savannah Resources is positioning itself to become a leading producer of lithium concentrates in Europe, with its flagship Barroso Lithium Project in Portugal targeting production by 2027. Despite current lithium market volatility, CEO Emanuel Proença maintains a pragmatic outlook, noting that global lithium demand grew by over 25% last year and is expected to continue its strong growth trajectory.The Barroso project plans to produce approximately 200,000 tons of spodumene concentrate annually at 5.5% lithium content, comparable to successful Australian producers like Pilbara Minerals in their early stages. The project boasts a favorable strip ratio of 6:1, which Proença describes as "top benchmark," along with a 73% recovery rate that is "close to top class." Additional value may come from by-products including quartz, feldspar, and mica, which can be sold to nearby ceramics and insulation industries.The project has received strategic designation under Europe's Critical Raw Materials Act, opening doors to favorable financing options. The European Commission's rapid implementation of this act demonstrates the urgency attached to securing strategic mineral supplies within Europe. Financial institutions, including the European Investment Bank and the German development bank KFW, have shown strong support for critical minerals projects after decades of avoiding the mining sector.Savannah has secured its first offtake agreement with AMG Critical Materials, who has also become a shareholder, providing important commercial validation. The company reports being fully funded through its Definitive Feasibility Study stage, expected to complete by the end of 2025, with construction planned for 2026 and production commencing in 2027.Proença emphasizes that even at current depressed lithium prices, the Barroso project would be profitable, with break-even economics at $600 per ton. The project aims to be "in the middle of the global cost curve while producing in Europe," taking advantage of access to skilled local workforce and abundant renewable energy resources.The company has prioritized community engagement in the economically challenged region, with Proença noting that no relocations will be required as there are no residential structures within the concession area. With 28 million tons of defined resources and mineralization remaining open in multiple directions, the project offers significant expansion potential beyond its initial production plans, positioning Savannah Resources as a key player in Europe's push for critical minerals autonomy.View Savannah Resources' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/savannah-resourcesSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Kiran Patankar, President & CEO of Maple Gold MinesOur previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/maple-gold-mines-tsxvmgm-abitibi-project-targets-5moz-resource-post-100-consolidation-6496Recording date: 16th April 2025Maple Gold Mines has announced impressive drill results from its Douay gold project in Quebec, highlighted by a 300-meter step-out hole at the Nika zone that produced what CEO Kiran Patankar described as "spectacular intercepts" over thick, continuous sections. The notable intercept included approximately 100 meters grading 2 g/t gold, with higher-grade sections of 56 meters at 3 g/t and 17 meters at 5 g/t.These results come from the first five holes of the company's ongoing 10,000-meter drill program, representing the first meaningful drilling at the property in over two years. The market has responded positively with sustained share price appreciation following the announcement.Maple Gold currently controls a 3-million-ounce resource at Douay, with management expressing confidence in expanding this to 5 million ounces. The Nika zone, which currently accounts for less than 100,000 ounces of the overall resource, shows significant growth potential based on recent drilling.The company has undergone substantial transformation since Patankar became CEO in August 2023, including restructuring its joint venture with Agnico Eagle, rebuilding its technical team, and implementing new exploration methodologies. Rather than pursuing what Patankar calls "fluke-style moonshot drilling," the company has adopted a systematic approach involving extensive relogging of historical drill core, rebuilding geological models, and creating new structural interpretations."We've changed our corporate culture, we've instilled exploration and site management and corporate management best practices," said Patankar. "A CEO's job in my view is simple: we're here to build lasting value for shareholders, not just to manage the share price."Despite gold prices appreciating approximately 20% in 2025 to record levels above $3,000 per ounce, Maple Gold trades at a discount to peers at approximately $6-7 per ounce on an enterprise value basis. The company is fully funded for its current exploration program and is operating on time and under budget.Looking forward, Maple Gold has outlined a $6.3 million budget for 2025, described as "one of the biggest programs" undertaken on the project. The company aims to update its resource estimate and potentially advance toward preliminary economic studies, considering both open-pit and underground mining scenarios.Additionally, Maple plans to explore its Joutel project later this year, which includes the past-producing Eagle Mine (the namesake of Agnico Eagle) and represents further upside potential not currently reflected in the company's valuation.View Maple Gold Mine's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/maple-gold-mines-ltdSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Chris Stevens, CEO of Coda Minerals Ltd.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/coda-minerals-compelling-junior-unlocking-value-in-south-australian-copper-cobaltRecording date: 15th April 2025Coda Minerals is making significant progress on its Elizabeth Creek copper-cobalt-silver project in South Australia, positioning the resource for development amid growing global demand for critical minerals. Located six hours north of Adelaide and adjacent to BHP's Carrapateena Copper Project, Elizabeth Creek hosts substantial mineral resources including approximately 800,000 tons of copper, 30,000 tons of cobalt, and 28 million ounces of silver.The project consists of three primary deposits - two open pits (MG14 and Windabout) that will provide early production, and the larger Emmie Bluff underground deposit. With a resource grade of approximately 1.9% copper equivalent, CEO Chris Stevens believes the project compares favorably to competitors, noting that "some of the really large projects that you see kicking around in terms of contained tonnage have a lower head grade going into the mill than our waste dump."A completed scoping study demonstrates strong economics with a pre-tax NPV of $1.2 billion ($802 million post-tax) based on a copper price of $4.20 per pound. Capital expenditure is estimated at approximately A$680 million, with annual production projected at 26,000-27,000 tons of copper and 1,300 tons of cobalt.The company is currently focused on metallurgical optimization to reduce capital costs significantly by investigating alternatives to conventional flotation and Albion processing circuits. Stevens emphasized that these changes "have the potential to be game-changing for the project."Elizabeth Creek benefits from excellent infrastructure, including proximity to the Stuart Highway, a 133 KVA electrical substation on the property, and access to the BHP haul road. Stevens highlighted South Australia's streamlined mining regulations and the project's ESG advantages, particularly for cobalt production, creating "a compelling alternative to DRC-sourced cobalt."With $4.5 million in cash, Coda is taking a disciplined approach to capital deployment in the current challenging market, focusing on critical path items such as approvals and optimization studies. The project qualifies for the Australian government's 'Future Made in Australia' policy, potentially providing approximately $25 million in benefits.Looking ahead, Stevens expressed confidence in copper market fundamentals, noting that new discoveries are increasingly rare while existing mines face declining grades and rising costs. Coda's combination of grade, scale, and jurisdiction positions it well to capitalize on the growing structural supply deficit in the copper market as global demand continues to accelerate.View Coda Minerals' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/coda-minerals-ltdSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Dev Randhawa, Chairman & CEO of F3 Uranium Corp.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/f3-uranium-tsxvfuu-high-grade-jr-zone-exploration-continues-with-5m-program-in-2025-6716Recording date: 16th April 2025F3 Uranium has announced a significant new uranium discovery in Canada's Athabasca Basin, featuring 33 meters of mineralization with radiation counts exceeding 37,000 CPS (counts per second). This discovery represents the company's fourth major find in the region and is approximately 50% larger than their previous JR zone discovery, which spans 22 meters.CEO Dev Randhawa explained the significance of the find: "We found 23 meters of highly radioactive material and in it there were parts over 37,000 counts per second. So we know we've hit something. The mineralization is over 33 meters and JR zone is only 22 meters."Located at a depth of approximately 400 meters, the new discovery is situated about 56 miles from the Triple R and Arrow deposits being developed by Paladin Energy and NexGen Energy. This positioning is considered favorable compared to competitors' projects at 800 meters or deeper.Randhawa highlighted the unique aspects of uranium exploration, noting that unlike gold or copper, uranium discoveries can be immediately identified through physical characteristics. "The unique thing about uranium drilling is you don't need assays to know if you've hit something. When you first look at it, you can smell it. It's a bad smell. It's black pitch blend."Despite the significance of the discovery, market reaction has been muted, which Randhawa attributes to broader uncertainties around uranium tariffs and geopolitical factors. "I just think the time we're in right now... the bigger issue is that the tariffs, people have this idea first of all overall market is spooked."F3 Uranium is financially well-positioned with approximately $17 million in cash and is considering additional fundraising to support exploration through the summer. The company plans to drill additional holes to confirm findings before the seasonal "breakup" period when thawing conditions temporarily halt exploration.The company operates on a clear business model of discovering uranium deposits, developing them to a certain stage, and then selling them to larger mining companies. This strategy has proven successful multiple times, with Randhawa noting: "We're not in the business of mining. We find it and sell it."Amid growing demand for nuclear power from traditional utilities and tech companies like Microsoft and Amazon, Randhawa emphasized the fundamental supply-demand imbalance in the uranium market, making this discovery particularly timely. "We need lots of power, and there's nothing cleaner than nuclear power."View F3 Uranium's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/f3-uranium-corpSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Simon Cmrlec, Chief Operating Officer of Vizsla Silver.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/vizsla-silver-tsxvzla-aiming-for-production-h2-2027-6651Recording date: 16th April, 2025Vizsla Silver represents one of the most compelling pure-play silver investment opportunities in the market today, with a clear path to becoming Mexico's next significant silver producer by late 2027. Under the leadership of Simon Cmrlec, former COO of respected mining engineering firm Ausenco, the company is methodically advancing what Cmrlec describes as "one of the greatest undeveloped silver projects" in his career. The Sinaloa, Mexico project stands out for its exceptional grade profile, with a total resource of over 360 million ounces of silver equivalent and measured and indicated resources of 222 million ounces – significantly exceeding the 170 million ounces planned for production in the company's preliminary economic assessment (PEA).What sets Vizsla apart from many development-stage mining companies is its rare combination of high-grade mineralization and exceptional infrastructure. The project is positioned between two major highways with high-voltage power lines running directly across the property and adequate water resources. This infrastructure advantage dramatically reduces capital requirements and development risks compared to peers developing resources in remote locations. As Cmrlec notes, the ability to "make a discovery right here on a highway" was immediately apparent as a significant competitive advantage.The company's engineering approach demonstrates a conservative methodology focused on risk mitigation while preserving upside potential. The metallurgical testing program has progressed through four comprehensive phases, with over 40 composite samples tested. Recent drilling success has not only increased resource confidence but also improved grades by approximately 5% across the property and 10% in the critical early mining areas at Copala. This combination of resource growth and grade improvement positions the upcoming feasibility study to potentially outperform the already robust PEA projections.With permitting underway, financing discussions advancing, and a test mine already in construction using permanent infrastructure specifications, Vizsla is effectively in the early construction phase. The company's careful approach to mining methods and tailings management demonstrates a thoughtful balance between operational efficiency and environmental considerations. Importantly, the relatively modest scale of operations – processing 3,300 to 4,000 tonnes per day – creates a manageable development path without the capital intensity of larger operations.For investors seeking exposure to silver – a metal with increasingly favorable supply-demand dynamics driven by both industrial applications and monetary demand – Vizsla offers a compelling proposition. The company combines the exploration upside of continued resource growth with the defined development timeline of an advancing project. With experienced technical leadership, a clear production pathway targeting late 2027, and a high-grade resource in a jurisdiction with established mining infrastructure, Vizsla Silver represents a differentiated opportunity in the precious metals space. The company has consistently delivered on milestones over the past two years, building credibility for its execution capability and increasing confidence in its development timeline.—Learn more: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/vizsla-silver-corpSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Peter Van Alphen, President & CEO of Nuvau Minerals Corp.Recording date: 11th April 2025Nuavu Minerals is set to transform the historic Matagami mining camp in Quebec, Canada through a dual strategy of near-term production and extensive exploration across its substantial 1,300 square kilometer property. Under the leadership of President and CEO Peter van Alphen, the company is nearing completion of an earning agreement with Glencore that will grant them 100% ownership of this past-producing base metal asset.The company plans a two-phase production approach, beginning with restarting the recently closed Bracemac McLeod mine, which contains approximately one million tons of resource with a potential to expand to two million tons. This "starter mine" would provide roughly three years of production while the company develops the Caber complex on the western side of the property. The Caber complex contains approximately 10 years of defined resources across three deposits, representing the first significant development on the western portion of the property in the camp's 60-year production history.A key advantage for Nuavu is the relatively modest capital requirement of approximately $50 million to restart operations, including refurbishing the existing 3,000-ton-per-day mill, which they have the option to acquire for $5 million. Van Alphen estimates the total infrastructure value included in the deal at $300-400 million.The exploration potential is equally compelling, with over 80 VMS-style deposit targets identified across the property. Perhaps most intriguing is the recently discovered gold potential, which includes what may be the highest gold grain count ever found in the Abitibi region, with over 2,000 grains of pristine gold particles per 10kg sample. The property sits on the Sunday Lake deformation zone, which hosts major gold deposits along strike.Van Alphen brings valuable experience from FNX Mining, Lake Shore Gold, Tahoe Resources, and Premier Gold, with a track record of revitalizing past-producing mines through hands-on management. "This could be the FNX of Quebec," he notes, drawing parallels to previous successful mine restarts.With strong community support in Matagami, a mining-friendly jurisdiction in Quebec, and a targeted production start in 2027, Nuavu is positioning itself at the intersection of near-term production potential and significant exploration upside in both base metals and gold, creating multiple potential value drivers for the company as it works to revitalize this historic mining region.Sign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Sam Spring, President & CEO of Kincora Copper Ltd.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/kincora-copper-tsxvkcc-explorer-advances-12-project-portfolio-through-major-partnerships-6580Recording date: 7th April 2025Kincora Copper has strategically shifted to a project generator business model, securing six asset-level deals that could unlock over $110 million in partner funding for exploration. This approach allows the company to advance its portfolio while minimizing shareholder dilution during challenging market conditions.The company's flagship partnership with AngloGold Ashanti consolidates a 100-kilometer strike with potential $100 million earn-in funding. Active exploration is underway, with the 12th drill hole currently in progress. The relationship extends beyond mere funding, with Spring describing it as "a real partnership and collaboration" that includes knowledge-sharing and technical expertise.Kincora's core objective is to manage approximately $10 million in annual partner-funded exploration, earning a 10% management fee to cover general and administrative expenses. This would create a self-sustaining business model that eliminates the need for regular dilutive financings.While AngloGold Ashanti is a key partner, Kincora has diversified its relationships with partners including Fleet Space, which provides ambient noise tomography technology; Earth AI, which is earning into an NSR royalty only if they make a discovery; and OB1 for their Mongolian assets.The company maintains a portfolio of 14 projects, primarily focused on porphyry copper-gold exploration in New South Wales, Australia. They're particularly interested in the undercover northern extensions of the Macquarie Arc, a region that has already produced world-class deposits and seen $16 billion in M&A activity.For more advanced projects like Trundle, Fairholme, and Jemalong, Kincora is being selective with partnerships, preserving these assets for potentially more favorable deals. CEO Sam Spring explained, "We're not going to go out there and do a cheap deal for Trundle. We know it's got existing large mineral systems."Despite the strategic progress, Kincora's share price has faced pressure, trading down from "six, six and a half" to "the twos." Spring attributes this partly to a significant shareholder offloading shares, a situation he suggests is nearing resolution.Looking ahead, Kincora has multiple potential value catalysts, including ongoing drilling results, new exploration initiatives, and potential new partnerships. The company aims to reach $10 million in annual partner-funded exploration while creating significant upside exposure to discovery potential in one of Australia's premier porphyry copper-gold districts.View Kincora Copper's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/kincora-copper-limitedSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Michael Hodgson, CEO of Serabi Gold PLCOur previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/serabi-gold-lsesrb-38000-oz-gold-production-by-year-end-with-expansion-upside-6452Recording date: 11th April 2025Serabi Gold has kicked off 2025 with impressive momentum, delivering 10,013 ounces of gold production in Q1 – maintaining the strong rhythm established in Q4 2024 and exceeding budget expectations by approximately 800 ounces. The company is firmly on track to meet its 2025 production guidance of 44,000 - 47,000 ounces, with quarterly production expected to increase throughout the year, reaching 12,000 - 13,000 ounces by Q4.The financial transformation of Serabi over the past year has been remarkable. Cash reserves grew from just $5 million in Q1 2024 to $22.2 million by year-end, and have further increased to approximately $27 million following Q1 2025 results. This substantial improvement stems from both operational excellence and favorable market conditions, with high gold prices and a beneficial Brazilian Real exchange rate creating what CEO Michael Hodgson describes as "a great time to be a Brazilian gold producer."Serabi's growth trajectory is clearly defined, with production expected to increase from the current 44,000 - 47,000 ounces in 2025 to 60,000 ounces in 2026. The company has even more ambitious plans beyond this, with a goal of reaching 70,000-75,000 ounces in 2027 and potentially 100,000 ounces by 2028. Notably, management believes this growth can be funded entirely from operating cash flow, avoiding dilution to existing shareholders.Underpinning this growth strategy is a significant $10 million investment in brownfield exploration, split equally between the Palito and Coringa operations. This program aims to expand the current resource base from 1 million ounces to at least 1.5 million ounces, and potentially up to 2 million ounces. Recent drilling at São Domingos has already yielded promising results, with early estimates suggesting a resource of around 100,000 ounces at impressive grades of 10-12 grams per ton.Serabi is implementing an innovative hub-and-spoke model, where satellite operations employ crushing and ore-sorting technology to produce high-grade pre-concentrates that are then transported to the central Palito processing facility. This approach maximizes processing efficiency and enables increased production without major plant expansions.With substantial free cash flow generation expected to continue throughout 2025, management is actively considering mechanisms for shareholder returns, including dividends and share buybacks. As Hodgson stated, "We know we can't sit on this amount of cash. That's the bottom line."For investors seeking exposure to gold with strong growth prospects and potential shareholder returns, Serabi Gold presents a compelling opportunity. The combination of increasing production, expanding resources, innovative processing technology, and robust cash generation creates a foundation for both capital appreciation and potential income in a favorable gold price environment.—Learn more: https://cruxinvestor.com/companies/serabi-goldSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Frederick Bell, CEO, Elemental Altus Royalties CorpOur previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/elemental-altus-royalties-tsxvele-consolidating-cash-flowing-gold-royalty-portfolio-6093Recording date: 9th of April, 2025Elemental Altus Royalties Corp is positioning itself for a transformative 2025, projecting to nearly double its revenue amid favorable gold prices and strategic acquisitions. The company anticipates revenue to reach approximately $45 million in 2025, up from $21.6 million in 2024, representing a 100% increase.CEO Frederick Bell recently outlined the company's evolution from a private million-dollar entity to a fast-growing gold and copper royalty company with a market capitalization over $200 million. Two major factors driving this growth are the consolidation of the AlphaStream portfolio, expected to contribute an additional $7-8 million in revenue, and the startup of the Karlawinda royalty with Allied Gold."This year Q1 is going to be a record, Q2 is going to be a record by a large margin," Bell stated, noting that unlike previous years, much of the revenue growth is weighted toward the first half of 2025.The company has strengthened its board with three significant additions: Prashant Francis from AlphaStream (a 14% shareholder), Matthieu Bos of Falcon Energy Materials, and Sandeep Singh, former CEO of Osisko Gold Royalties. These appointments enhance the company's North American market presence and deepen its royalty sector expertise.Financially, Elemental Altus has paid down all $30 million of its previously drawn debt, leaving it with an undrawn credit facility and the strongest balance sheet in its history. With a fixed cost structure of approximately $10 million (including $6 million in G&A and $4-4.5 million in taxes), the growing revenue directly improves margins.Bell believes the company presents compelling value, trading at approximately 6.5 times projected 2025 revenue compared to junior peers at 10x, mid-tiers at 15x, and majors at 20x. The company offers diversified exposure to 10 producing assets and 60-70 exploration/development royalties covering 13,500+ square kilometers.The royalty model provides unique advantages in the current inflationary environment, as royalties come off top-line revenue. "For the royalty company, you have more downside protection... you don't have the inflation side of it and you have all the exposure to the upside," Bell explained.With $15-20 million in cash expected to build on the balance sheet, management is evaluating various capital allocation strategies, including potential acquisitions (ranging from $1 million to $50-60 million), share buybacks through its newly established normal course issuer bid, and potentially introducing a dividend.Learn more: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/elemental-altus-royaltiesSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Recording date: 9th April 2025Compass, episode 10. Recent tariff announcements have sent shockwaves through global markets, creating what market experts describe as a "race to liquidity." While this volatility has dragged down most asset classes, gold has demonstrated remarkable resilience, maintaining values above $3,000 per ounce and reinforcing its status as a premier safe haven during uncertain times.This market turbulence presents both challenges and opportunities for strategic investors. The immediate aftermath of the tariff news triggered widespread selling pressure as institutional funds faced redemption requests, forcing portfolio managers to liquidate positions regardless of conviction. This pattern of forced selling creates a self-reinforcing cycle but ultimately leads to pricing dislocations that astute investors can exploit.What makes the current situation particularly compelling for gold investors is the disconnect between stock prices and business fundamentals in the gold mining sector. As Derek Macpherson astutely observes, "The two days that gold spent below 3000 didn't make Agnico Eagle less profitable as part of that process." This fundamental reality creates an attractive entry point for high-quality gold producers whose share prices have declined despite their underlying businesses remaining highly profitable.Historical patterns suggest gold typically leads market recoveries following liquidity-driven selloffs. In previous cycles, including March 2020, gold and subsequently gold equities rallied first and most aggressively as investor sentiment stabilized. This rotation pattern provides a potential roadmap for portfolio positioning during the current volatility.Beyond tactical considerations, strategic investors should recognize that short-term market disruptions don't fundamentally alter long-term commodity trends. The tariff situation, while creating immediate volatility, doesn't eliminate structural supply deficits in metals like copper or change the long-term monetary dynamics supporting gold. Maintaining this perspective allows investors to distinguish between market noise and fundamental value.The potential resolution to current market tensions will likely come from either Federal Reserve policy shifts or some form of trade agreement with China. Until either materializes, volatility will likely persist, creating ongoing opportunities for discerning investors to establish or increase positions in quality companies at attractive valuations.When evaluating investment opportunities during this volatile period, balance sheet strength becomes particularly crucial. Companies requiring near-term financing may face significant challenges if market turbulence persists. Focusing on well-funded operations provides an additional margin of safety during uncertain periods.Perhaps most importantly, investors should remain cautious about attempting to perfectly time market bottoms. As Sam Pelaez warns, "Once the rebound happens, things tend to rebound aggressively and they won't really give you enough time to get back into them." This reality argues for maintaining market exposure to quality companies rather than moving entirely to cash in hopes of perfect re-entry timing.For investors seeking both protection and opportunity in the current environment, gold's combination of defensive characteristics and ongoing monetary tailwinds makes it uniquely positioned to weather continued volatility while maintaining significant upside potential should geopolitical and economic uncertainties persist.—Learn more: https://cruxinvestor.com/categories/commodities/goldSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Kevin Das, Senior Technical Consultant of Frontier Minerals Ltd.Recording date: 8th April 2025New Frontier Minerals, dual-listed on the London and Australian Stock Exchanges, is strategically positioning itself in Australia's critical minerals sector with a focused approach to exploration and development. The company is advancing two key projects: the Harts Range project near Alice Springs and a copper development in Northwest Queensland.The Harts Range project has generated significant interest following recent airborne geophysical surveys that identified 46 potential targets, exceeding management expectations. The company's exploration focus centers on high-value heavy rare earth elements, particularly dysprosium and terbium, which are primarily sourced from China and are essential for defense applications and electric vehicles."What we have at Harts Range which makes it different to all the other rare earth projects is we have their high value heavy rare earths," explains Kevin Das, Senior Technical Consultant for New Frontier Minerals. "These high value heavy rare earths can only be found really in China and there's probably another handful of companies around the world that have these valuable and highly critical minerals."The company has identified two promising prospects at Harts Range, named "Bobs" and "Cusp," where surface sampling has yielded consistently high grades. An interesting feature of the mineralization is that rare earths, uranium, and niobium occur together, creating efficiency in exploration.Simultaneously, New Frontier is advancing its copper project in Northwest Queensland's Mount Isa region. The project includes the "Big One" deposit, containing approximately 2.2 million tons of copper at 1.1% grade. In January, the company signed an MOU with Austral Resources to potentially process ore at their nearby Mount Kelly facility, creating a pathway to production without substantial capital investment."That gives us a real clear pathway to production because we don't have to go to markets to raise $100 million to build a processing facility," Das notes.To fund its exploration activities, New Frontier has divested three non-core assets over the past six months, generating sufficient working capital for planned activities. This approach demonstrates capital discipline and allows the company to focus on its most promising assets without immediate dilution to shareholders.Near-term plans include validating targets at Harts Range, conducting trial processing of copper stockpiles, and drilling at Harts Range later this year. The company's presence in a region attracting major mining companies like Glencore, Anglo America, Rio Tinto, and FMG also creates potential for future M&A activity.Sign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Justin Black, CMO, and Jean-Paul Tsotsos, Interim CEO of Chesapeake Gold Corp.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/chesapeake-gold-tsxvckg-innovative-technology-new-gold-ounces-5163Recording date: 7th April 2025Chesapeake Gold has developed a groundbreaking oxidation technology that could revolutionize how refractory gold deposits are mined globally. The company's Metates deposit in Mexico, containing 17 million ounces of gold and 423 million ounces of silver, was previously considered too challenging to develop economically due to its refractory nature, where gold is trapped in sulfide minerals.The proprietary technology transforms sulfide ore into oxide ore through an accelerated oxidation process, making previously unrecoverable gold accessible through conventional heap leaching. This innovation essentially compresses what would naturally take "100 million years" into just months, by applying special reagents that strip sulfur from pyrite crystals and replace it with oxygen.The economic impact is dramatic. Previous development plans for Metates required pressure oxidation autoclave technology with a capital expenditure of approximately $3.5 billion for a 90,000 ton per day operation, yielding a sub-10% internal rate of return (IRR). With the new technology, Chesapeake can start with a 15,000 ton per day operation at a capital cost of just $360 million, achieving a 35% IRR and all-in sustaining costs of approximately $750 per ounce.Justin Black, Chesapeake's Chief Metallurgical Officer who previously worked with the technology at Hycroft Mining, demonstrated its effectiveness on a commercial scale with a 150,000-ton test pad. Material that initially had only 20% recoverable gold achieved 80-90% recovery after treatment. For Metates specifically, tests showed that material oxidized for 204 days reached nearly 75% gold recovery compared to just 33% for untreated ore.Beyond economics, the technology offers significant environmental advantages over traditional methods for processing refractory ores, including lower water consumption, reduced energy usage, and lower greenhouse gas emissions.According to CEO Jean Paul Tsotsos, this technology could unlock a market worth approximately $1.5 trillion in currently inaccessible gold resources. McKinsey estimates approximately 580 million ounces of gold globally are considered refractory, with these deposits typically offering higher grades (averaging 2.25 g/t versus 1.21 g/t for non-refractory deposits).The company has identified over 200 deposits globally where the technology could apply and is advancing on multiple fronts, including continuing test work, analyzing samples from other companies, and planning to establish a pilot plant to further demonstrate the technology's effectiveness.View Chesapeake Gold's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/chesapeake-goldSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with President & CEO, Paul Huet & Eric SprottOur previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/americas-gold-silver-the-turnaround-team-6588Recording date: 3rd April, 2025Americas Gold & Silver is positioning itself as a compelling turnaround opportunity in the silver mining sector under new leadership. The company operates two primary assets - the Galena mine in Idaho's historic Silver Valley and the Cosala mine in Mexico - with a renewed focus on operational improvements and efficiency.Led by CEO Paul Huet, who brings successful experience from previous turnarounds at Klondex and Karora Resources, the company is implementing a straightforward "mining 101" strategy. This approach focuses on strengthening management, updating equipment, introducing more efficient long-hole mining methods, installing a paste plant, improving shaft capacity, maximizing mill utilization, and recovering valuable byproduct metals.The company faces significant operational inefficiencies that present clear improvement opportunities. At Galena, current mining methods yield only 80-100 tons per blast compared to neighbors' 10,000-ton stopes, while mill utilization is limited to just three days per week. Management has already increased shaft hoisting rates from 42 to 60 tons per hour and targets 110 tons per hour by year-end.A major untapped opportunity involves recovering copper, antimony, and gold currently present in concentrate but not being monetized. By capturing these metals, the company believes it can potentially reduce silver production costs to below $10 per ounce.Financially, Americas Gold & Silver recently raised $50 million and has eliminated approximately $43 million in liabilities. The company is seeking debt financing to fund 24 months of operational improvements without equity dilution. Capital allocation priorities include exploration ($3-5 million per asset), waste development, equipment upgrades ($7 million), a paste plant ($8 million), and shaft improvements ($7 million).Eric Sprott, who owns 20% of the company, maintains a bullish outlook on silver prices. He cites a persistent 200 million ounce annual supply deficit and growing industrial demand. Sprott believes silver could reach $50-200 per ounce from its current $30 level, noting the current gold-to-silver ratio of 90:1 is far from the historical 15:1 ratio or natural mining ratio of 8:1.Despite doubling since September, management considers the stock significantly undervalued at 0.4-0.5 times NAV compared to peer silver producers at 1-1.5 times NAV. With institutional ownership increasing from 8% to 60% in just 75 days and management holding significant positions, Americas Gold & Silver offers investors leverage to rising silver prices while operational improvements potentially drive substantial value creation.Learn more: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/americas-gold-silver-corporationSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Alan Carter, President & CEO of Cabral Gold Inc.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/cabral-gold-tsxvcbr-pfs-reveals-low-capex-starter-gold-mine-with-47-irr-6439Recording date: 7th April 2025Cabral Gold (TSX-V: CBR) is rapidly advancing its district-scale Cuiú Cuiú gold project in northern Brazil, with recent high-grade drill results significantly enhancing the project's potential. The company's latest discovery at Machichie Northeast delivered an exceptional intercept of 12 meters at 27.7 g/t gold, following previous results including 11 meters at 33 g/t gold. These represent "two of the best holes we've ever drilled on the project," according to President and CEO Alan Carter, indicating substantial resource growth potential beyond the current 1.3 million ounce estimate.The company is pursuing a strategic two-phase development approach that addresses the capital constraints typically facing junior miners. The initial phase targets shallow, oxidized material amenable to heap leach processing, minimizing capital expenditure while establishing cash flow to fund further exploration of the property's district-scale potential. This approach allows Cabral to "get off this hamster wheel" of dilutive financing, as Carter describes it, and "be in control of our own destiny" through self-generated revenue.Economics for the project appear compelling, particularly in the current gold price environment. The Preliminary Feasibility Study (PFS) completed in October 2024 projected a 47% post-tax rate of return based on a conservative gold price of $2,250 per ounce. With gold currently trading above $3,000 per ounce, the potential returns could be substantially higher. All-in sustaining costs of approximately $1,000 per ounce suggest potential operating margins exceeding $2,000 per ounce at current prices.An updated PFS expected in May 2024 will incorporate the Machichie Main deposit, potentially enhancing the already robust economics. While the recently discovered high-grade Machichie Northeast zone won't be included due to insufficient drilling density, its proximity to planned mining areas (approximately 650 meters from the initial MG deposit) makes it a compelling target for rapid development. The high-grade material may require a supplementary gravity plant alongside the planned heap leach facility, with metallurgical work currently underway.The exploration upside at Cuiú Cuiú is particularly noteworthy, with over 50 gold targets identified across the property. Carter highlights the project's scale by comparing it to G-Mining's neighboring operation, noting that "Cuiú Cuiú has a much bigger footprint... it's sort of seven to ten times larger" based on soil anomalies and historic production. Some targets include boulder fields with material "averaging sort of 75 grams, 90 grams a ton. Gold, not silver."Financing discussions for the initial production phase are advancing, with interest from "all sorts of different parties" including traditional lenders, streaming companies, end users, and strategic investors. The company aims to secure financing by July 2024, with construction potentially beginning in the third quarter. With a 12-month build time and simplified processing approach requiring "no drilling and blasting, and no crushing and grinding," Cabral could be positioned for production by late 2025.—View Cabral Gold's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/cabral-goldSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Allen Sabet, CEO of Mogotes Metals Inc.Recording date: 1st April 2025Mogotes Metals Inc. is positioning itself as a significant player in copper-gold exploration, with strategic holdings directly adjacent to Filo Mining's Filo del Sol discovery in Argentina's prolific Vicuña District. The Filo del Sol property was recently acquired by BHP-Lundin for C$4.5 billion, highlighting the district's exceptional mineral potential.Led by CEO Allen Sabet, Mogotes has taken a methodical approach to exploration, focusing on comprehensive data collection before drilling. "To mitigate the risk of drilling into nothing, we take a step back and do a full property-wide systematic program," explains Sabet. This approach has allowed the company to identify multiple exploration targets across its Filo Sur Project.The company has invested over $10 million in exploration work, utilizing advanced techniques including MT geophysics, IP surveys, and high-resolution satellite imagery for alteration mapping. These methods have revealed compelling targets with geological signatures similar to neighboring discoveries.Key exploration targets include Meseta, located on the Mogotes-Filo property boundary with rock chip samples showing up to 1.48 g/t gold; Camino, featuring phyllic alteration with copper, molybdenum and arsenic in surface soils; Rincon, a newly identified trend with promising trench results; Cruz del Sur, with magnetic chargeable targets close to surface; and Colorida Zone, showing large conductive anomalies.Mogotes recently optioned additional claims that secure the projection of the Filo del Sol trend, strengthening its strategic position. "We've locked up strategically over the last two years any open ground that was there and now we've closed that with our most recent transaction," Sabet notes.The company plans to begin its first comprehensive drilling program in October 2025, with current work focused on further defining targets through trenching and additional geophysical surveys.With a market capitalization of approximately C$33 million and C$8 million in cash as of February 2025, Mogotes represents a leveraged opportunity for copper exposure. Management and insiders hold 18% of the company's 247.5 million outstanding shares, with institutional investors holding 36%.As global copper demand is projected to double by 2035 while mine supply faces constraints, the Vicuña District offers rare potential for multiple world-class discoveries. Mogotes provides investors access to this promising trend at a fraction of the valuation of its neighbors.View Mogotes Metals' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/mogotes-metalsSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Gavin Ferrar, CEO of Central Asia Metals PLCOur previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/central-asia-metals-lsecaml-plugging-into-profits-and-growth-in-the-base-metals-sector-6334Recording date: 1st April 2025Central Asia Metals PLC (CAML), an AIM-listed base metals producer with operations in Kazakhstan and North Macedonia, has reported strong financial results for 2024. The company generated $214 million in revenue and nearly $102 million in EBITDA, achieving an impressive 47% EBITDA margin that CEO Gavin Ferrar described as "super respectable" for a mining company.CAML ended the year with approximately $68 million in cash after generating just under $66 million in free cash flow. This strong financial position enabled the company to pay a generous full-year dividend of 18 pence per share, representing about 63% of free cash flow—significantly exceeding their stated policy of 30-50%. Ferrar explained this generous distribution as compensation to shareholders for the lack of completed M&A transactions.Despite actively pursuing acquisition opportunities (with 13 NDAs and 6 site visits last year), CAML remains selective in its M&A strategy, focusing on base metals assets that would generate at least $50 million in EBITDA. The company's strong balance sheet provides flexibility for future acquisitions without necessarily requiring shareholder dilution.Operationally, CAML has made significant progress at the Sasa mine in North Macedonia, where its paste backfill plant successfully operated for the full year in 2024, placing 240,000 tons of tailings back underground—approximately one-third of the total produced. The company is also completing a dry stack tailings plant, which will handle another 30-40% of tailings, eliminating the need for additional wet tailings facilities.In Kazakhstan, the Kounrad operation continues to outperform expectations. The Eastern dumps, which according to the original 2012 plan should have ceased production years ago, contributed approximately 27% of the company's copper last year. With production costs of 80 cents per pound against a copper price around $5, the operation maintains impressive margins.CAML has developed significant expertise in its operating regions, with Ferrar strongly defending Kazakhstan as an investment-grade country with increasing Western capital inflows. The company's established presence provides strategic advantages in navigating permitting processes and accessing regional opportunities.Beyond operational efficiency, CAML maintains a strong commitment to ESG initiatives, particularly in community engagement. The company operates its own foundation in Kazakhstan, making targeted investments including a center for disabled children, a facility for victims of domestic violence, and a recently refurbished youth center.As CAML continues to seek transformative M&A opportunities, it remains focused on maximizing returns from existing assets, controlling costs, and maintaining operational efficiency to remain profitable throughout market cycles.View Central Asia Metals' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/central-asia-metalsSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Adam Kiley, CEO of Frontier Energy Ltd.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/frontier-energy-asxfhe-grid-connected-developer-eyes-major-role-in-was-82-renewable-push-6479Recording date: 31st March 2025Frontier Energy is advancing its Waroona Renewable Energy Project in Western Australia after being selected as one of four successful applicants for the federal government's $67 billion Capacity Investment Scheme (CIS). The scheme provides a crucial 15-year revenue floor guarantee, underwritten by the federal government, which helps secure debt financing by ensuring minimum revenue levels even during market downturns.CEO Adam Kiley explained the significance: "What CIS does overall for projects such as ours is essentially an underwriting by the federal government for a contract of up to 15 years which provides a revenue floor for the project moving forward." The arrangement also includes a profit-sharing mechanism where Frontier would share 50% of profits with the government if energy prices exceed a certain ceiling.The company is currently selecting a strategic partner from shortlisted candidates to help cover the equity gap and secure favorable debt terms. Kiley emphasized this would be "a partnership on the way through," not a takeover by a larger entity.The initial Stage 1 project consists of a 120-megawatt solar facility combined with an 80-megawatt/4.75-hour battery storage system, expected to begin production in late 2027. This hybrid approach maximizes revenue by fully charging the battery daily and discharging during peak demand periods when prices are highest.Frontier has substantial expansion potential on its 820-hectare land holding, with Stage 1 utilizing only about 300 hectares. Environmental spring surveys have been completed for the additional land, with Stage 2 potentially doubling the project size.The project's timing aligns strategically with Western Australia's energy transition, as coal (currently 30% of the grid) is scheduled to be phased out by 2029. This creates an energy supply gap that Frontier is positioned to help fill. Additionally, grid limitations restrict how quickly new renewable energy projects can be developed, giving Frontier an advantage with their already approved connection points.Frontier recently appointed Guy Chalkley as Chairman, bringing valuable energy sector experience from his roles as former CEO of Western Power and current CEO of Endeavor Energy.The company sees 2025 as pivotal, with securing the strategic partnership representing "the big rerating event for this company," transforming it from a speculative renewable developer to a funded project with a clear path to revenue.View Frontier Energy's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/frontier-energySign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/record-metal-prices-creating-mining-acquisition-wave-6893Recording date: 31st March 2025Resource nationalism and political risk have emerged as critical considerations for mining investors, particularly as jurisdictional differences in permitting timelines create significant competitive advantages. According to industry executives Samuel Pelaez and Derek Macpherson of Olive Resource Capital, these factors are reshaping investment strategies in the gold-copper sector.Western Australia stands out as a premier mining jurisdiction globally, with permitting processes taking just 1-2 years compared to the 5-10 years historically required in the United States. This efficiency creates substantial economic advantages for projects in favorable regions.Recent developments in the U.S. mining sector could transform this dynamic. President Trump's Mineral Production Order aims to expedite mining permits, potentially triggering what experts describe as a "renaissance in U.S. mining" over the next 3-4 years. Companies including Mako Mining, Minera Alamos, and Trilogy Metals are already positioning themselves to capitalize on this regulatory shift.While rule of law is considered a binary factor in investment decisions, executives emphasize it can change unexpectedly. Mali, Panama, and Bolivia demonstrate how previously favorable jurisdictions can quickly become challenging. As Macpherson notes, "We want things to stay the same," highlighting investors' fundamental desire for stability.Beyond the U.S., several jurisdictions are gaining favor. Guyana's recent oil discoveries have funded infrastructure improvements while creating demand for job-producing mining projects. Brazil continues demonstrating reasonable permitting timeframes, while Morocco has emerged as a surprising new mining destination.The discussion emphasizes that resource nationalism impacts strategic metals like copper and rare earths even more significantly than gold, creating opportunities for projects in western jurisdictions as nations seek to secure domestic supply chains.For investors, the implications include prioritizing projects in stable jurisdictions with efficient permitting, considering the timing advantage for U.S. projects under the current administration, evaluating management teams for jurisdiction-specific experience, and distinguishing between risks to developers versus producers.Sign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Paul Atherley, Chairman of Pensana PLCOur previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/pensana-pre-confident-funding-is-imminent-2582Recording date: 28th March 2025Pensana PLC, chaired by Paul Atherley, has secured financing to begin construction on one of the world's largest undeveloped rare earth projects in Angola. The project will process 20,000 tons initially, eventually scaling to 40,000 tons, placing it in the same league as industry leaders Lynas and MP Materials.The financing package comes from three key institutions: Angola's sovereign wealth fund (FSDA), Absa Bank from South Africa, and the African Finance Corporation. The structure consists of approximately 60% debt and 40% equity spread across these institutions. The equity component is expected to be drawn down within weeks, while the debt documentation will take 6-9 months to finalize.What distinguishes Pensana's approach is its focus on creating a non-Chinese rare earth supply chain. Rather than simply mining and exporting raw materials to China, the company plans to produce a mixed rare earth carbonate (MRE), a midstream product that can be processed further outside China. The company is in discussions with potential partners who have separation capacity outside China, which Atherley describes as "a very important step" in creating an independent global supply chain.The Longonjo project contains over 100,000 tons of valuable neodymium and praseodymium in its top 30 meters, with an exceptionally low strip ratio of 0.2:1, indicating efficient mining potential. Technical validation has been completed through extensive testing at laboratories in Western Australia, confirming the quality of their product.Construction is now beginning, with first production targeted for the end of 2026, followed by a six-month ramp-up period to reach full production in 2027. The financing will dilute Pensana's ownership from 84% to 70% initially, with potential further dilution to 52% if certain mezzanine financing is not refinanced.Atherley sees significant growth potential as the company is "building a project at the bottom of the rare earth price cycle," contrasting their current $100 million market cap with Lynas at $4 billion. He highlights future demand drivers including electric vehicles, wind turbines, and emerging technologies like humanoid robotics.As Atherley notes, "It's an electric future based on electromagnetics and we will be a producer going into that rising thematic."View Pensana's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/pensana-plcSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Charlie Regan, Director & CEO of NerdsOnSiteRecording date: 28th March 2025Nerds On Site (NOS) is a publicly traded Canadian technology services company with a U.S. subsidiary that provides comprehensive tech and cybersecurity services to small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Led by Charlie Regan as CEO, the company currently generates approximately CAD $11-12 million in annual revenue.Operating with a lean structure of only 7-8 employees, NOS leverages a network of 150 independent contractors who deliver services to approximately 13,000 clients annually across over 117 industry verticals. The company's client base is divided into three main segments: small office/home office (20% of revenue), SMEs (50%), and enterprise clients (20%), including Canadian Tire with 550 locations and a Florida-based bank chain.NOS's primary offering is a cybersecurity solution with a preventative approach that distinguishes it from competitors. According to Regan, "We fortify the house so that nobody can get in," rather than removing threats after breaches occur. This solution has been deployed for 13 years across millions of devices without a single successful ransomware attack, and is sold with a 60% markup margin.The company recently launched NOS Technical Services, a U.S.-based division targeting state governments and pharmaceutical companies with specialized technical talent placement. Regan expects this division to match the revenue of their core business within 2.5 years, projecting $4-5 million in revenue by the end of 2025.NOS's sales approach includes real-time demonstrations of security vulnerabilities, showing clients data being transmitted to countries like North Korea and Russia. The company also recently launched "Nerds Online," a 24/7 support service priced at CAD $39.99 per month, targeting both existing clients and prospects who couldn't afford their higher-priced offerings.Currently, NOS reports 7.5% revenue growth over the previous year and aims for 10% growth this year. Management is targeting a gross profit margin of 32.5% (currently about 3 points away) to become "comfortably profitable" by the end of 2025.The company's growth strategy includes pursuing acquisitions of managed service providers (MSPs) in the U.S. whose owners are approaching retirement age. NOS plans to upgrade these clients to a higher-level managed security service provider model by implementing their cybersecurity offerings, with at least one acquisition planned before the end of 2025.As cybersecurity concerns grow and organizations shift toward specialized technical contracting, NOS appears positioned to capitalize on these market trends with its preventative security approach and flexible service model.Sign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Hugh Agro, President & CEO, and John Meyer, VP Engineering & Development of Revival Gold Inc.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/revival-gold-tsxvrvg-positioned-for-a-rising-gold-market-in-2025-6478Recording date: 31st March 2025Revival Gold recently released results from the Preliminary Economic Assessment (PEA) for its Mercur gold project, showcasing strong economic potential with projected annual gold production of 95,000 to 105,000 ounces over a 10-year mine life. At a gold price of $2,175 per ounce, the project demonstrates a Net Asset Value (NAV) of $294 million and a 27% Internal Rate of Return (IRR) after tax. These figures improve dramatically at current gold prices of $3,000 per ounce, with NAV increasing to $752 million and IRR to 57%.The project features modest upfront capital costs of $208 million and competitive operating costs with Cash Costs of $1,205 per ounce and All-in Sustaining Costs of $1,363 per ounce. The resource base consists of approximately 1.4 million ounces of gold, with over 50% in the indicated category, an average grade of 0.6 grams per ton, and metallurgical recovery rates averaging 75%.A significant advantage of the Mercur project is its location on private patented claims just an hour from Salt Lake City, Utah. This allows for permitting through a state process rather than federal, potentially streamlining the timeline to approximately two years. The strategic location provides ready access to equipment, services, and skilled labor without requiring a camp or remote-site logistics.The company has outlined a two-phase development approach, with the first phase involving drilling to convert inferred resources to measured and indicated categories, along with collecting metallurgical samples. The second phase will focus on completing a Pre-Feasibility Study and advancing permitting. The combined budget for these phases is approximately $8 million, with potential construction beginning within 2-2.5 years.Technical risks are mitigated by the project's brownfield status, as the site has been previously mined. Environmental factors appear favorable with no perennial streams, deep groundwater, and no threatened or endangered species identified. The heap leach processing method eliminates the need for tailings facilities, reducing environmental footprint.Revival Gold's overall portfolio now includes both the Mercur project and the Beartrack-Arnett project, representing a combined resource of approximately 6 million ounces of gold. With a current market capitalization of approximately $50 million, the company is trading at just 0.1x NAV and $8 per ounce of gold resource, suggesting significant potential for value appreciation as the projects advance.View Revival Gold's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/revival-gold-incSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Christian Ervin Easterday, Managing Director & CEO of Hot Chili Ltd.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/hot-chili-asxhch-2blbs-of-copper-is-achievable-attractive-6668Recording date: 31st March 2025Hot Chili Limited has revealed a dual-track strategy leveraging a potential billion-dollar water business to finance its flagship Costa Fuego copper project in Chile. The company recently released prefeasibility studies for both its Huasco Water project and Costa Fuego copper development.The Huasco Water initiative, a strategic asset developed over 20 months, consists of two stages. Stage one involves seawater supply to Costa Fuego, with an estimated NPV of $120 million and a 19% IRR over a 20-year supply period. The second stage encompasses a scalable desalination business with a potential post-tax NPV of approximately $1 billion, serving the broader Huasco region."This is about moving $150 million of capital from our copper project and putting it into that water project," explained Managing Director and CEO Christian Easterday. The company holds a unique position as one of only two companies in the past 18 years to secure maritime concessions for seawater extraction in Chile's water-scarce Atacama region.The Costa Fuego copper project itself shows promising economics with a $1.2 billion post-tax NPV, 19% IRR, and $1.27 billion initial capital requirement. The project is designed to produce approximately 95,000 tonnes of copper and 50,000 ounces of gold annually over a 20-year mine life, with competitive cash costs of $1.38 per pound.Easterday highlighted the project's competitive positioning: "We've delivered a top quartile production capacity project outside of the hands of a major and the lowest quartile capital intensity of a developer outside the majors."The company's financing strategy includes traditional debt, precious metal streaming, offtake agreements, and strategic asset monetization through the water business. The project economics show a 4.5-year payback period, with projected revenues of $17 billion and free cash flow of $4 billion over 20 years.Hot Chili is actively engaged in discussions with potential strategic partners, benefiting from the scarcity of large-scale copper projects globally. "When there's only five of you, the list gets smaller," noted Easterday, referring to the limited number of comparable projects available for development.This strategy comes amid record copper prices, which recently hit $5.38 per pound, creating a favorable backdrop for advancing the project in a market characterized by a 4.5 million ton deficit and intensifying competition for high-quality copper assets.View Hot Chili's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/hot-chili-limitedSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Shaun Bunn, Managing Director, Empire MetalsOur previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/empire-metals-loneee-massive-titanium-exploration-target-with-150-year-supply-potential-5528Recording date: 27th of March 2025Empire Metals has discovered what it claims is the world's largest titanium deposit in Western Australia, with an exploration target of approximately 26-32 billion tons of ore. The company is positioning itself as an emerging player in the global titanium market with this strategic discovery in a tier-one mining jurisdiction.A key advantage of the deposit is its weathered surface cap extending 60-80m deep, representing 4-5 billion tons of easily accessible, friable ore that requires no drilling or blasting. This natural feature significantly reduces potential mining costs as there is no overburden or waste to remove.The company has already achieved early success in metallurgical testing, producing a 92% titanium dioxide product that contains none of the deleterious elements such as uranium, thorium, chromium, or heavy metals that typically plague other titanium sources. This gives Empire's product a significant competitive advantage in the market.Unlike traditional titanium sources that rely on ilmenite processing, Empire's deposit contains titanium dioxide minerals that require approximately half the acid for processing – about one ton of acid per ton of mineral versus two tons for ilmenite. The company aims to produce high-value, pigment-grade titanium dioxide rather than intermediate concentrates.Empire Metals is currently working toward a JORC-compliant mineral resource estimate, focusing initially on a smaller high-grade area of the massive deposit. The company recently completed a drilling program in February 2025 with 84 holes on a 100x100 meter grid, which will be expanded in the coming months.The project benefits from a favorable permitting environment as it's located on private farmland in Western Australia's wheat belt, avoiding native title issues or crown land complications. This location, combined with the strategic importance of titanium for defense and aerospace applications, could enable fast-tracking through the approvals process.With £4.8 million in cash, Empire Metals is well-funded to advance its development plans. The company expects to move toward production relatively quickly by industry standards, with potential revenue generation possibly beginning by 2026.As Managing Director Shaun Bunn summarized: "If you wanted to find the perfect source to go and change and disrupt the industry and be able to produce titanium at a lower cost and a higher quality, this is the ore body that you needed to find."Learn more: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/empire-metalsSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Simon Marcotte, President & CEO of Northern Superior Resources Inc.Recording date: 28th March 2025Northern Superior Resources is positioning itself as a key player in Quebec's Chibougamau gold camp, where the company has been leading consolidation efforts in what CEO Simon Marcotte believes will become "the next big gold camp to emerge" in Canada.The Chibougamau camp currently hosts approximately 12.5 million ounces of gold resources between Northern Superior and IAMGold, with substantial growth potential. What makes this district particularly attractive is the proximity of multiple deposits to each other, creating an opportunity for a hub-and-spoke operation where several deposits could feed a single processing facility.Northern Superior's flagship Philibert project currently hosts about 2 million ounces at 1.1 g/t gold. Marcotte emphasizes that by increasing the cut-off grade slightly, the grade rises to 1.3 g/t while only losing about 10% of the ounces. This gives Philibert significantly higher grade than IAMGold's nearby Nelligan project, potentially positioning it as the ideal "starter pit" for the district.The company is currently conducting a 20,000-meter drilling campaign at Philibert, which has already yielded promising results, including a 26-meter intersection grading 2.6 g/t gold located 200 meters east of the current pit design.Northern Superior sees multiple strategic pathways forward, including possible acquisition by IAMGold, forming a joint venture with IAMGold, attracting another major producer as a partner, or developing a standalone operation. Marcotte believes district-wide consolidation is inevitable, stating it "makes too much sense to wrap all projects together somehow not to do it."In a separate strategic move, Northern Superior recently spun out its Ontario assets into ONGold Resources while maintaining a 62% ownership stake. ONGold's key assets include the TPK project and the Monument Bay project (3 million ounces at 1.2 g/t), the latter now in partnership with Agnico Eagle.Management and key investors collectively own 25% of Northern Superior, creating strong alignment with shareholders. The team includes CEO Simon Marcotte, Chairman Victor Cantore (known for success with MX Exploration), and largest shareholder Michael Gentile.As the gold sector experiences improving market conditions, Northern Superior appears well-positioned to benefit from increasing institutional interest in the junior gold sector and the growing appetite for quality assets in stable mining jurisdictions like Quebec.View Northern Superior Resources' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/northern-superior-resources-incSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with William Sheriff, Executive Chairman of enCore Energy Corp.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/wyoming-uranium-companies-at-heart-of-the-us-nuclear-revival-5749Recording date: 28th March 2025enCore Energy stands at a pivotal moment in its corporate journey, emerging as one of only two uranium producers in the United States at a time when domestic production capabilities carry increasing strategic importance. The company has recently undergone significant management changes, with the board deciding to replace CEO Paul Dorenson to refocus priorities from the building phase to production efficiency.Executive Chairman Bill Sheriff characterizes this transition as necessary to instill a greater "sense of urgency" throughout the organization. "We are changing the culture and the culture starts from the top down in any organization," Sheriff explains. "A sense of urgency doesn't mean panic, it means motion. You need to keep things in motion."The company's In-Situ Recovery (ISR) operations in Texas present an unusual technical challenge – the recovery process works exceptionally well, with over 80% of uranium recovered within just four months. This creates what Sheriff describes as a "double-edged sword" – rapid cash flow generation coupled with the need for continuous drilling to maintain production levels. The company's challenge has been keeping drilling activities paced appropriately to offset the steep production decline curves.This production profile differs significantly from typical ISR operations, which generally see recovery spread over 12-15 months. Sheriff compares the situation to natural gas from fracking: "You get several months of joy and then it tails off very quickly. You don't get any less product, you just get it a whole lot sooner."The management reset coincides with enCore implementing several strategic initiatives. The company has eliminated uranium spot market purchases to fulfill contracts – a practice that previously resulted in financial losses when buying at higher prices than contracted sales prices. Sheriff confirms: "Looking forward in 2025, all projections are we will not buy uranium in the spot market to deliver into our contracts this year."Cost optimization efforts are underway, with the company "rationalizing every position and every expenditure." Production costs were approximately $40 per pound according to recent filings, with management confident in their ability to improve this metric. The company has also divested its New Mexico assets to concentrate resources on production-stage projects in Texas and South Dakota, adding approximately $30 million to its balance sheet through asset dispositions.For investors, enCore represents a rare opportunity to gain exposure to actual uranium production in the United States. While the company has faced operational challenges, its focus on efficiency, cost control, and production growth positions it to potentially benefit from improving uranium market fundamentals. As Sheriff notes: "If you're looking at it as a race, we've got a heck of a head start over those that aren't in production or those that aren't even permitted yet."Investors should monitor upcoming quarterly reports for evidence that operational improvements are translating into enhanced financial performance. With many competitors facing significant hurdles to reaching production, enCore's status as an active producer with cash flow provides a meaningful competitive advantage in an increasingly supply-constrained uranium market.—View enCore Energy's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/encore-energySign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Troy Boisjoli, CEO of ATHA Energy Corp.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/long-term-uranium-investors-find-value-in-volatility-6766Recording date: 24th March 2025ATHA Energy Corp. is making substantial progress on its Angilak uranium project in Nunavut, Canada, which shows promising signs of becoming a major uranium resource. CEO Troy Boisjoli, formerly Cameco's chief geologist, recently outlined the company's exploration success and future plans.The Angilak project, acquired just over a year ago, already boasts a historic resource of 43.3 million pounds at 0.69% U308. Last year's 10,000-meter drill program expanded the mineralization zones, with all 25 drill holes successfully intersecting uranium. This work helped establish an exploration target range of 62-98 million pounds.A recently completed structural study has confirmed a 31-kilometer trend across the Angikuni Basin, showing high-grade uranium samples up to 47.6% U308 on surface at multiple locations. This extensive surface mineralization is something Boisjoli claims he has "never seen" in the Athabasca Basin, where he previously worked.The project shares geological similarities with Saskatchewan's uranium-rich Athabasca Basin but appears to have significantly more surface mineralization. Even sandstone samples within the basin show uranium values of 10-20%, compared to typical Athabasca alteration halos that might show only 10-20 parts per million.ATHA is focusing most of its resources on Angilak exploration in 2025, with crews already mobilized. The company's strategy includes expanding known mineralization around the Lac 50 trend, testing the previously undrilled "Mushroom Lake" outcrop, and exploring the newly identified structural corridor.While Angilak is in a remote area, Boisjoli sees Nunavut as a mining-friendly jurisdiction, noting that approximately 50% of its GDP comes from mining activities. The company has secured agreements with local communities and multi-year exploration permits.In terms of scale, Boisjoli noted that overlaying the Angilak project area on the northeast Athabasca Basin would cover an area stretching from Rabbit Lake to Cigar Lake, encompassing multiple mines. He suggested that a resource in the 80-100 million pound range would make the project "very attractive."Boisjoli believes the current uranium market fundamentals are strong, describing it as "a generational period" comparable to the 1970s in terms of demand growth. With supply constraints expected as major mines approach the end of their productive lives, he sees a significant opportunity for large-scale projects in favorable jurisdictions like Canada.View ATHA Energy's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/atha-energySign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Elaine Ellingham, President & CEO of Omai Gold Mines Corp.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/omai-gold-mines-tsxvomg-unearthing-guyanas-multi-million-ounce-golden-potential-5939Recording date: 24th March 2025Omai Gold Mines (TSXV: OMG) is making significant progress developing a past-producing gold property in Guyana that was previously South America's largest primary gold producer. The company has established a substantial resource base of 4.3 million ounces across two deposits – Wenot and Gilt Creek – with 2 million ounces in the indicated category and 2.3 million ounces in the inferred category.Recent exploration efforts have yielded promising results, particularly at the Wenot deposit where drilling below 350 meters has revealed higher grades, including an exceptional intersection of 4.48 g/t gold over 57 meters. The company is employing both infill and step-out drilling strategies to expand the resource. Infill drilling is targeting areas with spacing exceeding 150 meters, while step-out drilling aims to extend the resource to greater depths."We've been drilling about 14,000 meters of additional drilling last year and another 8,000 meters already this year," noted Elaine Ellingham, President and CEO of Omai Gold Mines.The Gilt Creek deposit, located only 400 meters from Wenot, has also shown promise. Recent drilling intersected 774 meters of mineralized intrusive rock averaging 1 g/t gold. The existing resource at Gilt Creek stands at approximately 1.8 million ounces with an average grade of 3.2 g/t.A preliminary economic assessment completed last year demonstrated a net present value of $560 million USD with a 13-year mine life and average annual production of 142,000 ounces of gold. However, management considers this a baseline scenario and aims to extend the mine life to 20 years in future assessments."It was just a starting point for us but still a very healthy net present value," Ellingham explained.Omai Gold is well-funded following a recent financing round that raised over $25 million, with current cash reserves exceeding $30 million. This positions the company to continue its exploration and development activities throughout the year.The project benefits from several operational advantages, including being a brownfield site with known metallurgy, good road access, and proximity to assay labs in Georgetown. All-in drilling costs remain below $200 per meter, considered exceptional in the current environment.Currently trading at approximately $38 per resource ounce, management believes the company represents a compelling investment opportunity compared to peers in the Guyana Shield region.View Omai Gold Mines' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/omai-gold-minesSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Max Porterfield, President & CEO of Callinex Mines Inc.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/callinex-mines-tsxvcnx-drilling-for-high-grade-copper-riches-in-manitobas-flin-flon-belt-6063Recording date: 24th March 2025Callinex Mines is developing high-grade copper and gold-rich VMS (Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide) deposits in Manitoba's Flin Flon mining district. The company's flagship Rainbow deposit, coming within 90 meters of surface and drilled to a depth of 900 meters, represents one of the highest-grade copper resources in North America.Led by President and CEO Max Porterfield, Callinex has submitted an advanced exploration permit that would allow development of a ramp to access Rainbow and extract a 10,000-ton bulk sample. This first phase of permitting, potentially approved by late 2025, could lead to full-scale production after obtaining an environmental license."If you're buying Calinex today for less than a $20 million market cap Canadian, you're getting exposure to just shy of 6 million tons of some of the highest grade copper mineralization not just North America but on a global basis," stated Porterfield.The majority of Rainbow's resource (3.44 million of 4.7 million tons) already falls within the indicated category. The company has consolidated over 10,000 hectares of underexplored land, creating a district-scale opportunity in what it calls the "Pine Bay camp."Rather than focusing on infill drilling at Rainbow, Callinex is shifting attention to growing resources through exploration at shallow historic deposits. Primary targets include the "Visionary" area containing the Leo deposit and the "General" area with the Alberts deposit. Historical drilling at Visionary intersected significant mineralization, including 8.5 meters of 3% copper in one hole and 3 meters of over 5% copper with gold credits in another.Callinex is the only junior mining company with a 43-101 copper resource in Manitoba and the only copper resource within 30 kilometers of Flin Flon. The company maintains a tight capital structure with no debt, positioning itself for growth as it pursues a two-pronged approach of resource expansion and permitting advancement.With copper prices rising amid projected supply deficits by 2030, Callinex's high-grade resources in a stable jurisdiction appear well-positioned. As Porterfield noted, "Being in Canada, being in a safe jurisdiction, being in close proximity to this infrastructure and being in a position to be able to fast track that as our leaders within Canada look to explorers like Kalinex to transition and be the next producers puts us in an ideal place."View Callinex Mines' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/callinex-minesSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Our previous episode: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/us-resource-equities-poised-to-rally-on-permitting-changes-and-project-pipelines-6275Recording date: 24th March 2025Compass, Episode 9Gold and copper prices have reached or are approaching all-time highs, creating favorable conditions across the mining industry. This price environment is beginning to positively impact equity valuations, particularly for producers adding cash to their bottom line at these record commodity prices.A significant indicator of market cycle progression is the accelerating pace of mergers and acquisitions. The M&A trend has evolved from producer-to-producer transactions to producer-to-developer deals, representing a natural maturation in the mining cycle. Recent notable transactions include Calibre-Equinox, Gold Fields' offer for Gold Road, Spartan's acquisition by Ramelius, and Northern Star's purchase of De Grey.What's particularly noteworthy is the increasing scale of these deals, with several multi-billion dollar transactions resetting expectations for developer valuations. The Australian market appears to be leading this trend.Several cash-rich producers remain positioned to make acquisitions, including Lundin Gold, Dundee, Iamgold, Barrick, and Centerra. With gold at all-time highs, producers are experiencing improved cash flows, making acquisitions easier to justify.The current market conditions are especially advantageous for single-asset producers looking to diversify and grow into multi-asset, mid-tier companies. Companies like Lundin Gold and Torex can leverage their strong market capitalizations to acquire additional properties, following a path similar to B2 Gold in previous cycles.Jurisdiction has become increasingly important, with a growing emphasis on secure Western locations. Recent policy developments in North America are enhancing project attractiveness, with Trump signing an executive order to streamline US permitting and Canada's federal government reducing its role in the permitting process. Finland and Sweden also represent favorable jurisdictions with straightforward regulatory frameworks.Three companies highlighted as particularly well-positioned in this environment include Troilus (with 13+ million ounces of gold in Quebec), Arizona Sonora (a copper project in the US with Rio Tinto involvement), and Omai (a gold project showing resource growth potential).As the market matures, investors are advised to position themselves in promising developers and explorers ahead of broader capital flows. While some companies have already seen significant share price appreciation, quality projects in favorable jurisdictions with clear paths to production remain available at attractive valuations.The progression from producer-focused to developer-focused M&A signals a maturing bull market that should benefit quality development projects, creating opportunities for investors who can identify valuable assets before they're recognized by the broader market.Sign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Jason Attew, President & CEO of Osisko Gold RoyaltiesOur previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/which-gold-miners-are-primed-for-a-re-rating-5309Recording date: 21st March 2025Osisko Gold Royalties has undergone a remarkable transformation under CEO Jason Attew, emerging as a pure-play precious metals royalty and streaming company with a strengthened balance sheet and simplified business model. With its 10th anniversary recently celebrated, the company now boasts a portfolio of 185 assets, including 21 producing properties.The most significant change has been abandoning the previous "generator/incubator" model, which involved purchasing and developing mining assets. According to Attew, this approach led to "destruction of shareholder value" due to the different skill sets required for development and the challenges of permitting and construction in today's inflationary environment. Instead, Osisko now focuses exclusively on providing capital through royalties and streams on high-quality assets managed by technically skilled teams in premium jurisdictions.Governance improvements have been another priority, with the elimination of the executive chair position, removal of related party transactions, and complete independence from other Osisko group companies. The company has also significantly reduced its net debt from over $250 million to approximately $35 million, while securing $750 million CAD in liquidity for future transactions.Osisko's portfolio is anchored by its crown jewel - a 5% royalty on Canadian Malartic operated by Agnico Eagle, representing approximately 37.5% of 2024 cash flow. Approximately 80% of the company's net asset value comes from tier-one jurisdictions in Canada, the US, and Australia, reducing geopolitical risk.Despite being a mid-tier player with about 5% of the sector's market capitalization, Osisko has captured approximately 10% of royalty deal flow, completing three transactions in 2024. These included acquiring a 1.8% royalty on Dalgaranga in Western Australia and participating in a syndicated transaction with Franco-Nevada for the Cascabel asset in Ecuador.Looking ahead, Osisko projects 40% growth over the next five years, with production increasing from 81,000 gold equivalent ounces in 2024 to between 110,000 and 125,000 ounces. Half of this growth will come from assets already in production, including Mantos Blancos and Island Gold.With a disciplined investment approach targeting deals between $50-500 million, strong margins of approximately 97%, and increasing institutional investor support, Osisko has positioned itself as a competitive force in the precious metals royalty sector, outperforming its peers in 2024 despite being a relatively young company in the space.View Osisko Gold Royalties' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/osisko-gold-royaltiesSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Andrew Cox, President & CEO, and Alex Black, Executive Chairman, of Rio2 Ltd.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/erdene-rio2-tsxerd-tsxvrio-two-gold-juniors-battle-market-skepticism-on-path-to-production-6552Recording date: 20th March 2025Rio2 Limited is making significant progress on its Phoenix Gold Project in Chile's Atacama Desert, one of the few substantial new gold production developments in an industry dominated by mergers rather than new supply. With 5 million ounces of measured and indicated gold resources, the project is fully funded and on track for first gold pour in January 2026.Located at elevations approaching 5,000 meters, construction officially began in October 2024 after pre-construction activities were initiated in 2022 with early financing from Wheaton Precious Metals. Currently, approximately 1,130 workers are on site, approaching the expected construction peak of 1,200 workers.The project features favorable economics with a relatively low capital expenditure of approximately $120 million for 2025. Its simple open-pit mining operation benefits from low strip ratios (0.85:1 initially, 1.2:1 in expansion phase) and minimal pre-stripping requirements, as mineralization outcrops at surface across extinct volcanic peaks.Initial production will target 1.7 million ounces of the total 5 million ounce resource, with output expected to reach around 70,000 ounces in 2026, ramping up to 100,000 ounces annually by 2027. The company is already planning an expansion to triple production to approximately 300,000 ounces per year.Current challenges include managing winter construction timelines and water logistics. Initially, Phoenix Gold will operate using trucked water from Copiapó, while evaluating three desalination plant options for the longer term. The company is working collaboratively with Kinross to develop a shared water solution.After previously facing regulatory delays when a new government came to power in Chile, Rio2 has successfully navigated these hurdles and received its environmental approval with additional monitoring conditions.Management views the current market valuation (approximately $250 million USD) as substantially undervaluing the project given its scale and near-term production status. They draw comparisons to other recent producers that have grown to multi-billion dollar valuations once reaching production.The project's remote location minimizes typical environmental and community impact concerns, with no nearby population centers, no surface water to be affected, and limited flora and fauna. Executive Chair Alex Black emphasizes the project's simplicity: "We're confident, I mean this is simple... it's all about simplicity here and it's an earthmoving exercise."View Rio2's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/rio2-limitedSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Mark Chalmers, President & CEO of Energy Fuels Inc.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/energy-fuels-nyseuuuu-critical-minerals-hub-takes-shape-in-united-states-6778Recording date: 21st March 2025Energy Fuels (NYSE: UUUU) stands at the forefront of America's critical minerals renaissance, offering investors a rare opportunity to capitalize on the urgent national push to secure domestic supply chains. Unlike most players in this space who remain in planning stages, Energy Fuels has already produced rare earth products at its White Mesa Mill, demonstrating operational capabilities that set it apart from competitors.The company's strategic vision extends beyond mere production to creating an integrated hub for at least ten commercially recoverable critical elements. This diversified approach spans uranium, rare earth elements, and heavy mineral sands, providing multiple revenue streams and reducing single-commodity risk. CEO Mark Chalmers' five-year strategy of building this capability has positioned the company perfectly to benefit from the new administration's emphasis on reshoring critical mineral production.Energy Fuels' international partnerships further strengthen its competitive position. Its strategic alliance with South Korean industrial giant POSCO creates a pathway to transform their rare earth materials into high-value magnets for electric vehicles and other applications, potentially as soon as this year. Meanwhile, projects advancing in Madagascar and Australia will secure long-term feedstock supplies while generating cash flow through titanium and zirconium production.The company's ambitious "Project 2028" aims to supply 50% of America's rare earth needs by that year, representing substantial scaling potential from current operations. With Final Investment Decisions advancing on multiple projects, Energy Fuels expects to demonstrate the economic viability of its integrated approach by year-end.For investors seeking exposure to critical minerals without Chinese supply chain risk, Energy Fuels offers a unique combination of current production, advancing projects, strategic partnerships, and strong government alignment. As global competition for these essential materials intensifies, Energy Fuels' first-mover advantage and execution track record position it to capture significant value in this rapidly evolving market.—View Energy Fuels' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/energy-fuelsSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Paul Barrett, CEO of Rome ResourcesOur previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/rome-resources-lsermr-tin-explorer-races-toward-q1-2025-resource-debut-6781Recording date: 19th March 2025Rome Resources Ltd. has strategically paused its tin exploration drilling program in the Democratic Republic of Congo, having successfully completed the majority of its planned campaign ahead of schedule. This prudent operational decision comes with the company in an exceptionally strong position, having just completed two highly promising holes (MADD024 and MADD026) that revealed significant visible tin and copper mineralization, further validating the project's remarkable potential.CEO Paul Barrett highlighted the company's operational efficiency, confirming that samples from these final holes have already been securely transported to Kisangani for analysis, with results expected within 3-4 weeks - a critical near-term catalyst for the company. This timely completion of drilling activities positions Rome Resources to advance to the resource definition phase with minimal disruption to their strategic timeline.The company demonstrates exemplary financial stewardship, maintaining a robust treasury with over £2 million in cash reserves - an enviable position for a junior explorer. Management has implemented a disciplined capital management strategy during this transitional period, with plans to optimize operational expenditures by approximately 50%, further extending their financial runway while core value-creation activities continue uninterrupted.In a significant diplomatic breakthrough, the presidents of DRC and Rwanda recently convened in Doha, Qatar, to negotiate a comprehensive ceasefire agreement, which could create favourable conditions for operations to resume promptly. This positive regional development underscores the potential for a swift resolution to temporary security considerations.Rome Resources has demonstrated exceptional operational preparedness, having secured all on-site assets and maintained strategic relationships with drilling contractors through retainer arrangements, ensuring immediate mobilization capabilities when conditions permit. This forward-thinking approach highlights management's regional expertise and operational acumen.The company remains firmly on track to deliver a defining milestone - an inferred resource estimate for both the Kalayi and Mont Agoma prospects by late April or early May 2025. Barrett emphasized the substantial growth potential beyond this initial resource, noting that the Mont Agoma prospect "is open to the south in terms of the tin," indicating significant expansion opportunities in future drilling campaigns once operations resume.This combination of near-term resource definition, exceptional financial position, and clear expansion potential positions Rome Resources as a compelling opportunity in the critical minerals sector at a time when tin's importance in global technology and energy transition applications continues to accelerate.View Rome Resources' company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/rome-resourcesSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Interview with Duncan Craib, MD & CEO of Boss Energy Ltd.Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/boss-energy-asxboe-first-mover-advantage-to-large-scale-production-6643Recording date: 19th March 2025Boss Energy (ASX: BOE) is positioning itself as a significant uranium producer amid market uncertainty, with CEO Duncan Craib outlining the company's expansion strategy through both production ramp-up and strategic acquisitions.The company's portfolio includes 100% ownership of the Honeymoon mine in South Australia, a 30% stake in Alta Mesa project in South Texas, and an 18.4% stake in Laramide Resources. This diversification provides exposure to multiple uranium jurisdictions with varying timelines for development.Honeymoon, Boss Energy's flagship asset, is steadily increasing production with targets of 850,000 pounds by June 2025, 1.6 million pounds by June 2026, and 2.45 million pounds at full capacity. Recent production has been promising, with February 2025 output exceeding the entire December 2024 quarter. The company reports competitive C1 costs of $23-25 per pound, providing substantial margins at current spot prices around $65 per pound.The Alta Mesa project is also ramping up, with the second ion exchange circuit recently brought online and a third scheduled by the end of 2025. At full capacity, Boss Energy will receive approximately 450,000 pounds annually from this operation, with potential to expand beyond the nameplate capacity of 1.5 million pounds.The recent acquisition of an 18.4% stake in Laramide Resources represents a longer-term strategic position, particularly targeting the Westmoreland deposit in Queensland (containing approximately 70 million pounds of resources) despite the current moratorium on uranium mining in the region. Craib believes this policy could change with the right approach, noting that the current premier previously lifted a similar moratorium when previously in power.Financially, Boss Energy maintains a strong position with approximately $250 million AUD in liquid assets and no debt. The company expects to achieve positive cash flow by the end of Q2 2025 as production continues to ramp up.The combined output from Honeymoon and Alta Mesa positions Boss Energy to become a 2 million pound-plus producer in the near future. This established production base, coupled with strategic investments and financial strength, gives the company flexibility to pursue additional opportunities, particularly if market conditions create value in the sector.Craib supports industry consolidation to reduce corporate overhead and create operational synergies, suggesting well-funded producers like Boss Energy may be positioned to pursue acquisitions if other developers struggle to advance projects in the current price environment.View Boss Energy's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/boss-energySign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com