Chaos Computer Club - archive feed

Geo-literacy provides skills to read, interpret and use geospatial information, where little evidence exists regarding the potential and capacity of new education programs in advancing these skills. We present a citizen science project held in 13 high schools in Israel, where the students practice participatory mapping with OpenStreetMap to map features relevant to the navigation of visually impaired pedestrians. We show that students improve their geospatial thinking and reasoning skills, including their self-esteem. We believe that this research contributes to various pedagogic and education levels, in terms of theoretical knowledge about the integration of innovative geo-literacy programs. The 21st Century dictates that people have a good spatial and geographic understanding and knowledge. Geo-literacy is aimed to provide skills to read, interpret and use geospatial information. This is achieved by acquiring critical spatial thinking, reasoning, and analysis, and presenting understanding of the world using geographical terms and spatial language. Recent years have led to the development of new geo-literacy education programs specifically designed to nurture and promote these skills. These education programs build on geographical education that promotes spatial thinking and active citizenship. Still, little evidence exists regarding the potential and capacity of these programs in advancing civic and geographic skills and knowledge in the 21st Century, and on its contribution to - and advancing of - the individual and the society. The aim of this research is to gain a better understanding of the development of geo-literacy in the framework of a citizen science project in high schools. The citizen science project implemented in several schools in Israel – landmarks for accessible space, advances scientific research that aims to make the urban environment more accessible for visually impaired pedestrians. The participating high school students practice participatory mapping with OpenStreetMap (OSM) to map features relevant to the navigation of visually impaired pedestrians. These map features are used for the automatic calculation of optimal walking routes. The project combines social involvement, learning through geographic information systems, and familiarity with the field of urban accessibility for visually impaired people. The project includes the following stage: 1. Pre-stage that includes a) the design of the modular learning environment, b) the organizational and pedagogical preparation of the project integration in schools, and c) questionnaires examining the current level of geographic literacy of the participating students and their perspective regarding the integration of citizen science in schools. 2. Intervention program that includes guest seminars (including YouTube videos), lectures and learning activities, exposure to the world of visually impaired people, and the need for accessible environments and learning activities in the field of geoinformation with emphasis on OSM, crowdsourcing, and participatory mapping. 3. Mapping missing data into OSM. This stage is carried out in the field with a designated app developed for this project. The app - “Mundi” - allows the mapping of specific geographic features (mapping elements) used for the calculation of accessible routes designed specifically for visually impaired pedestrians. The features include, among others, sidewalks, crossings, accessibility aids, and handrails. The app includes gamification and tasks to encourage the students to map the missing features in their area of residence. 4. Post-stage questionnaires aimed to investigate and analyze the development of spatial skills in the context of participation in this program, examining whether students’ level of geographic literacy improved and whether they gained new knowledge on urban accessibility and the navigation proficiencies of visually impaired pedestrians. This stage also included a quantitative analysis of the students’ contributions in terms of OSM mapping, among others, the number of map edits, type of mapped features, the spatial coverage and temporal extent of their mapping activity. The study was conducted in the last two years in 13 high schools, including 25 classes and 460 students. The intervention model was implemented for three months in each class. The participating students implemented this project within their Cyber Geography studies, enabling them to learn through various geographic information systems. In total, close to 10,000 OSM edits were made by the students, which included more than 3,000 new crossings (and attributed tags), 400 new sidewalks, and 7,000 new street objects and obstacles (e.g., bus stations, light poles, trees, gates, bicycle parking). Preliminary analysis showed that participation in the citizen science project increased the students’ geospatial thinking and reasoning. For example, according to the questionnaire variables, on a score scale of

Follow the OSM journey of the Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) from a mapathon in Berlin in 2014 to creating and contributing geodata for numerous MSF operations through the Missing Maps project. This talk will be about how MSF uses OpenStreetMap internally and how we contribute through remote and field mapping. We will also share the lessons learned and reflect on the biggest challenges for MSF in creating and using the OSM data. The OpenStreetMap journey of Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) started in 2014 with a mapping party in Berlin and field mapping in Lubumbashi. Eight years later, OpenStreetMap is the reference geographical dataset for most of MSF operations on the ground. OpenStreetMap has been used in public health interventions, disease outbreaks, mortality studies and to support large logistical operations. Still every day we are learning how geographical information can support us in doing our job better, in reaching more people, in saving more lives. MSF is not only using OpenStreetMap, but it also actively contributes to the map through the Missing Maps project launched in 2014 together with the American Red Cross, the British Red Cross, and the Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team. Since then, MSF has trained dozens of Missing Maps champions, co-organized hundreds mapathons and involved thousands of volunteers in some 30 countries. In this presentation we will talk about how MSF uses OpenStreetMap internally and how we contribute through remote and field mapping. We will also share the lessons learned and reflect on the biggest challenges for MSF in creating and using the OSM data. about this event: https://2022.stateofthemap.org/sessions/XJZBFH/

The YouthMappers experience lends itself to explore interesting questions about the cultural and organizational aspects of data production and usage practices in OpenStreetMap, in order to improve them. First, this study aims to identify what are some of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics distinguishing the performance of YouthMappers as an academic-based community within OSM. Second, this study aims to better understand how the design approach taken by and on behalf of YouthMappers reinforces an identity as unique contributors. Increasingly ubiquitous open spatial technologies offer the opportunity for new actors to participate in creating knowledge about the places where they live and work, and where they connect to others around the world. University students are one set of actors who have grown significantly in their visibility and contributions to OpenStreetMap, in part through the establishment of YouthMappers in 2015. This inclusive international network of university-based, youth-led, faculty-mentored chapters on more than 320 campuses in 66+ countries works to mobilize and support university student mapping action that responds to humanitarian and development needs by creating and using an ecosystem of data and tools centered on OpenStreetMap. The YouthMappers experience lends itself to explore interesting questions about the cultural and organizational aspects of data production and usage practices in OpenStreetMap, in order to improve them. In this case, we explore these aspects as they occur within and through the academic sector, particularly through the hands and eyes of student youth. As a consortium design, this networked set of local groups works on the one hand, to create and use data on their local campuses and home communities, and on the other, to remotely contribute data on imagery-visible features in response to humanitarian, development, and knowledge needs wherever they may occur around the globe. Furthermore, they act not only within the OSM “community of communities” framework (Solís 2016), but also within an existing global infrastructure of academic institutions with its own set of shared educational aims, knowledge generating practices, and cultural norms. Meanwhile, students are motivated both by learning and using new skills and workforce competencies as well as by the opportunity to participate in the world’s largest volunteered geographic information project and the activities that make common good use of the data. So how do YouthMappers navigate these different aims within these different spaces of action? To address this question, two aspects of this experience are the focus of attention in this study. First, this study aims to identify what are some of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics distinguishing the performance of YouthMappers as an academic-based community within OSM. Second, this study aims to better understand how the design approach taken by and on behalf of YouthMappers reinforces an identity as unique contributors. The presentation first will provide a description and justification for the purposeful design of the YouthMappers consortium (Solís et al. 2018) within the context of OpenStreetMap (Brovelli et al. 2019). The study will be contextualized with a review of literature on the current state of higher education, particularly with respect to a present tension around higher ed institutions’ purpose as sites for both workforce preparation and global citizenship. The latter point will be situated with reference to scholarship on the global targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), as perhaps the predominant discourse for international action across humanitarian domains. This review sets up three interlocking hypotheses that the evidence is anticipated to reject: H1: (Action-of-Performance) Participating youth either map only locally or remotely, but not both; H2: (Hybrid-Roles) Participating youth cannot simultaneously pursue personal aims to prepare themselves for the workforce and to express their identities as global citizens; and H3: (Movement-Minded) Participating youth cannot articulate the impacts/benefits of actions undertaken for broader communities or society through their work with OSM, nor identify the roles/contributions of youth action in this work for the common good. Data to test the first hypothesis relate to performance and include a range of metrics of participation (Andal et al. 2022; Boateng et al. 2022; Walachosky et al., 2022); statistics of known users (Anderson 2022), and a review of data from other studies of YouthMappers’ editing contributions (e.g., Mahmud et al. 2022). Data to test the second hypotheses relate to identity and come from the long-running student-authored blogs (Hite et al., 2018), as well as a global survey of YouthMappers collected in 2019 accompanied by a qualitative set of member queries to iterate interpretation of the survey results (Solís, Anderson & Rajagopalan 2020

OpenIndoor is an open source SaaS that uses OpenStreetMap indoor data to display a 3D graphical rendering of building interiors. The resulting map offers a gamified experience to meet different types of needs: indoor navigation, data representation, immersive tour etc. We will discuss how we use the available open data and the Maplibre engine to address these different use cases. about this event: https://2022.stateofthemap.org/sessions/HEKRDY/

This talk explores the effects of OpenStreetMapping on the mappers. These effects also infer that OSM mapping can be used as a tool for skill-building. OpenStreetMap, the crowdsourced geospatial database, currently has over eight million registered members [1]. This makes it one of the largest VGI projects with proven multifaceted use cases e.g. post-disaster response, combating female genital mutilation, app development, and navigation. The database is wholly made and maintained by its contributors, making all decisions without a top-down governing authority. People in OSM contribute in multiple ways, extending databases, onboarding newcomers, building community, exchanging information, and providing public benefit. Within the OSM community, OSM mapping is regarded as a form of volunteering to create freely accessible geodata. However, recent studies suggest that the experience a mapper gains through the mapping process could be equally important as well [2-4]. Building on the existing body of knowledge, in this talk, we will share the findings our research on how mapping in OSM affects the mapper. Being a quality OSM mapper requires training and practice. The act of OSM mapping requires transitioning from having an interest in mapping to creating an OSM account, learning how to use the application, developing an understanding of the technical and theoretical dimensions of mapping, and then applying these skills and knowledge to accurately convert satellite imagery into map data. Such a process engages mappers in multiple decision-making processes and continuously exposes them to buildings, topographies, and features of satellite imagery. We suggest that such experiences affect the mapper in multiple ways. We studied a youth mapping internship called Digital Internship and Leadership (DIAL) Program conducted in three cohorts. We chose this internship program for its inclusiveness in terms of academia, gender, and the geographical locations that the participants came from. Participant mappers were called through an open invitation on social media. Recent high school graduates and undergraduate students participated in the mapping internship. They were from diverse academic backgrounds (geomatics engineering, architecture, crisis management, management, forestry, geomatics engineering, computer science and engineering, electronics engineering, management, public health, mechanical engineering). The internship aimed to reduce OSM data gaps in rural Nepal through the involvement of Nepali high school graduates. The program was designed and executed by Kathmandu Living Labs (KLL). We studied the self-assessed experiences of the participant mappers at two different points of time: (i) during the mapping program (ii) after two years for Cohorts II and III, and three years for Cohort I. Short-term effects were studied through grounded theory coding of reports and blogs documented during the internship period. For long-term impacts, an online survey administered to identify if the effects persisted. Results show OSM mapping helps the mappers develop a number of vital skill sets and expand their knowledge in a variety of areas. Some of them are: deepening of civic engagement, development of social identity, expansion of geographic knowledge, spatial awareness, increase in happiness and satisfaction. They retain most of these skills even in the long run, irrespective of differences in gender, academic, or professional backgrounds. Surprisingly, 44.8% of the participants cited ‌they considered being a professional mapper or cartographer at some point in time because of their experience in DIAL. The same people report that OSM mapping increased their belief in their ability to help society. Apart from these individual benefits, we also sense collective benefits. Collective benefits such as network development and an increased sense of civic responsibility hold potential to facilitate broader public good. These might also be applicable for youth mobilization, team building, and collective work. It is difficult to pinpoint the exact root cause of this development, however, the benefits of OSM mapping may be in part related to the continuous exposure to satellite imagery, continuous use of technology, the requirement of multiple layers of decision-making, humanitarian aspects of OSM, and the growing global OSM community encouraging conversations around it. Our findings build upon the studies of the use of OSM in high schools, which was noted to increase creativity and spatial awareness among the students [5, 3, 2]. When compared to Minghini et al.’s (2016) study with ten-year-olds, the similarity in findings suggests ‌these developments might be similar across ages. These developments suggest new directions toward the use of OSM as a tool for youth skill building and youth community engagement and design newer incentive mechanisms for people to join and retain in OSM. There is still a huge scope of investigation left in t

OpenStreetMap data represents a valuable source of information for public green areas in large urban centers and effectively measures the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal 11.7. Our study provides a threefold contribution in this direction. First, we validate land-use-related tags in OpenStreetMap, through a comparison with satellite data from the European Urban Atlas. We then propose a framework and an interactive tool to measure access to public green areas through several established indices. Finally, we show how the framework can be used to simulate the impact of new green areas and help policymakers design effective interventions. As of 2020, around 55% of the worldwide population lives in urban areas and the World Bank estimates forecast an increase of around 1.5 times in the urban population by 2045. Cities are also major contributors to the climate-change, with a consumption of about 78% of the worldwide energy and a production of 60% of greenhouse gas emissions. A transition toward greener cities is often called as one of the solutions to reduce the environmental impact of cities, but also to make the urban environments more liveable, with positive spillovers on the mental and physical health of their population. In this context, the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals 11.7 [1] indicates the need to make cities more inclusive and safe, but also environmentally sustainable, calling for the universal provision of safe, inclusive, and accessible, green and public spaces. A proper evaluation of this target requires complementing standard average metrics, looking for instance at the surface of green areas per capita within an urban area, with more sophisticated metrics, that are able to capture the interplay between the spatial distribution of both the population and green areas within a city. A few studies on selected cities worldwide highlighted the importance of considering this interplay [2-7]. A recent study on the city of Seoul [3] shows that vast portions of the parks in the city are located in outer areas so that frequent opportunities to visit them are relatively minimal. In general, urban green areas in Seoul are inadequately distributed in relation to population, land use, and development density. By contrast, in the case of Shanghai [6], the degree of accessibility to green areas appears to decrease as we move from the city core to the urban periphery. The authors also found a negative association between the degree of accessibility to green areas and the housing prices, which translates directly into a large environmental inequality, wherein wealthier communities benefit more from green space accessibility than disadvantaged communities. A similar socio-economic, but also ethnic, stratification is observed in the city of Chicago, where white-majority census tracts generally enjoy a significantly higher degree of accessibility to green areas than minority-dominated census tracts [7]. The former ethnic group also presents a lower income-based green-areas accessibility inequity compared to the other racial-ethnic groups. Efforts to move beyond case studies and provide more accurate cross-country indicators have led to the construction of the 'generalised potential access to green areas’ from the European Commission, which is provided as one of the city-level indicators of the Global Human Settlement - Urban Centers Database [8]. The metric measures the proportion of the urban population for urban centers included in the atlas living in high green areas. Based on satellite data on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, the metric is however agnostic with respect to the characteristics of these high green areas - for instance, whether these are public or private green areas - and any accessibility notion, since the metric does not consider that people can move from their residential location. These limitations are accounted for in a recent study for the European Environmental Agency [9], whose geographical coverage is however limited to specific urban hotspots in Europe, for which high-resolution land use data from the Urban Atlas (https://land.copernicus.eu/local/urban-atlas) is available. With its worldwide coverage and detailed mapping, the use of land use and street network data from OpenStreetMap [10] allows to expand the analysis beyond the European boundary. Our study provides a threefold contribution in this direction. First, we compare detailed high-resolution land use data on green uses for European hotspots included in the Urban Atlas with land use-related tags in OpenStreetMap for similar geographical areas. We use similarity indices to assess the degree of completeness of the OSM tags of natural land uses in urban environments and show how the quality varies according to the type of natural use and the size as well as the geographical area of the urban center under consideration. Second, we propose a framework for the monitoring of the target fo

Cities worldwide encourage urban active mobility by advocating policy and planning. Although contribution is evident, in practice, these actions disregard population parts that have mobility impairments. This research suggests using OpenStreetMap data in customized analytical models to assess the accessibility level of the urban environment for visually impaired pedestrians. Models results show the existence and spatial distribution of existing accessibility problems, including challenging street network connectivity and dangerous walking areas. These models can be used to enable decision makers, city stakeholders and practitioners to enrich management, monitoring and development of their cities, and support sustainable, livable lifestyles and walkability equality. Many efforts that include city policy and planning strategies are implemented to encourage urban active mobility. The outcome of these actions is measured by how transportable and accessible the city is. Although contribution is evident, in practice, the commonly used measures mostly disregard a huge part of the population that have mobility impairments, which require specific accessibility needs, preventing them to be an equal part of the sustainable city vision. This research suggests using OpenStreetMap (OSM) data in customized analytical models to assess the accessibility level of the urban environment for visually impaired pedestrians. In principle, the models analyze the city on two levels: routing and accessibility. These are evaluated, correspondingly, based on possible routes, e.g., how long the optimal route is for visually impaired pedestrians compared to the shortest one, and on area, e.g., what is the overall accessibility and safety of a predefined urban extent. The play of both measures enables us to quantify the level of mobility and accessibility of the analyzed city. To do so, we implement the following steps: 1. We examine the navigation preferences of visually impaired pedestrians in the urban space. This allows a better understanding of the various environmental and morphological factors and characteristics of the urban form that promote safe and accessible navigation. These are translated into spatial and temporal criterion: a) Way Type, which quantifies how suitable the path is in terms of usage and safety; b) the existence of Vision Impairment Assistive Landmarks that support safe wayfinding and navigation; c) Way Complexity, which measures the level of linearity of the path; and d) Crowdedness, which measures the overall pedestrian traffic volume. 2. We transform OSM’s street network into a weighted graph, where for each graph edge we calculate the cost according to the above criteria. Cost is derived from segments that facilitate safe and accessible walking for visually impaired pedestrians (e.g., separated sidewalks and straight paths), and segments that hinder safe and accessible walking for visually impaired pedestrians (e.g., shared and overcrowded streets). 3. We develop three analytical models that measure the accessibility level of the urban environment for visually impaired pedestrians: a) street-based, which relies on averaging the costs of all graph edges for a given area, hence it can be implemented for different urban levels (spatial extents); b) centrality-based, which adds on the street-based the centrality indices betweenness and closeness that consider the significance of each graph edge in the street network in respect to all other edges (high centrality values mostly signify streets that attract large pedestrian traffic flow); c) route-based, a navigational method, in which numerous routes are generated on the graph for location tuples, and then the weight ratio of the optimal route for visually impaired pedestrians and the shortest route (commonly used for seeing pedestrians) is evaluated. The smaller the weight value, the more accessible the route. The developed models are evaluated for Greater London, the UK. 33 boroughs with their wards are analyzed, resulting in processing 421,107 streets, 377,164 OSM nodes and 634, 871 OSM ways. Results show the existence and spatial distribution of accessibility problems for visually impaired pedestrians. The street-based model highlights the fact that urban nature and green spaces, which are typically considered as contributing to wellbeing and encourage walking, are less accessible for visually impaired people, mostly due to the existing road types, e.g., gravel and dirt roads or shared spaces (bikes and pedestrians that share the same path), which are less accessible for this population. The centrality-based model shows that central streets are mostly more accessible, meaning that borough centers are considered in general as accessible, but as distance from city centers grows, the urban environment becomes less accessible. The route-based model, where more than 1,500,000 routes (with length shorter than 1,000 meters) were calculated, showed that on average the

As part of a larger endeavour to make floor plan representations from building models available for indoor map and navigation services, we study the integration of IFC and OSM. # Introduction, background, motivation Official geo data is increasingly published not only in the form of 2D maps, but also in 3D, mainly as city models in CityGML. Usually the outer shell of buildings is captured in such models, but they may also involve more intricate detail. Even more detailed building models are generated during the planning process for new buildings and renovations. These are nowadays produced in digital form, archived in as-built phase by owners and operators for the life time of a building and, in the future, may even be required to be submitted for building permits. At the same time there is an increasing public interest in detailed information about public and semi-public interior spaces, for example about their accessibility, localization of barriers or targets (e.g. contact persons in public administration, shops in malls, booths on fairs, markets or larger info events, departments or hospital wards) or resources (e.g. books in libraries, charging stations, fire equipment or defibrillators) or to get a first impression in advance (e.g. virtual open day). The interest and the points of interest may be temporary or permanent. Since the context of creating and capturing geo data and building data is fundamentally different, there is hardly any integration. Indoor data for maps and navigation models is manually captured or at best derived in undocumented multi-step semi-automatic workflows. # Aim and purpose of the study The project "Level Out" sets out to develop automated methods and services to make detailed indoor data from digital building models selectively available for the population of city models, map and navigation services (in the form of 2,5 D floorplans). Towards this end, we are developing a platform to check building models whether they are suitable and contain required data, extract selected and simplified indoor data and convert it into various formats: CityGML LOD0 (Indoor), IndoorGML and OSM Indoor. As input we rely on data in the format IFC (Industry Foundation Classes), the most widespread standard format for digital building models. Indoor OSM, in particular geometry with Simple Indoor Tagging, is one of the various extraction targets. The data created may not be directly fed into OpenStreetMap, but serve as a viable base for further mapping. There are already older solutions, e.g. BIMServerOsmSerializer (<https://github.com/BIMDataHub/BIMServerOsmSerializer>), which are only built for a version of IFC, which has been a long time standard version, but currently approaches towards its end of life: IFC2x3. There are also solutions under active development, e.g. the JOSM plugin "Indoor Helper" (<https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/JOSM/Plugins/indoorhelper>), which, however, lack some general approach on the IFC side and coverage of the heterogeneous options to represent geometry in the IFC schema. With this research and development we aim to provide a workflow and software to systematically access floorplan data in IFC. # Methodology We start from both ends of integration by looking at the detailed structures of the source and target models in parallel. From the group of target models, we derive a common model, which will have, at best, near-trivial mappings to OSM Indoor, CityGML, IndoorGML. Although not strictly necessary for the IFC-to-OSM conversion case or any other bilateral integration, the intermediate model will not only allow to tackle integration of IFC with multiple targets besides OSM, but also integration of OSM with multiple sources besides IFC. Next, we identify relevant information in the source model. IFC exposes a wide variety of geometry modelling constructions from CAD software, mainly following the modelling paradigm of constructive solid geometry (CSG). So far, we found the following principle representation options: a) Direct floorplan representation in 2.5D: Here we have 2D representations located in 3D space, usually located at the level of the floor finish for a particular storey. There are two versions to be distinguished: space boundaries versus abstract representations of space-defining elements. b) Extraction from CSG: Spaces (as well as constructive elements) are often represented as solids resulting from extrusion of a planar shape. If extruded in z-direction, the base shape can be extracted and used as 2.5-D representation. c) Projection onto floor level: If the geometry is not in CSG-form with extrusions, but in BREP (boundary representation), then projection followed by a simplification of the projection result is a possible way to extract. In addition to the geometric elements, there are semantic elements connected to the geometry that are connected themselves and can be used to charge the geometric model elements with m

How much effort does it take to build a Libre bicycle computer? I found out so you don't have to. Jazda.org is a project I started this year. It combines my 3 favorite things: bicycles, Rust the programming language, and tiny, networkless electronics. I will introduce you to the concept of a bike computer, and show why building one differs from building your typical gadget. about this event: https://programm.froscon.org/2022/events/2851.html

The lack of data on the distribution of the water resources, possess a great challenge for the water resource investment and AI/ML-enabled advancements in the water sector compared to all other sectors like heath. This paper describes the methodology for combining different water mapping schemas to create comprehensive multi-platform water infrastructure data and enhance rapid updates to support a suite of water resource analytics and extended advanced technology explorations towards improved decision-making. Access to clean and safe drinking water is critical to public health and socioeconomic prosperity, yet an estimated quarter of the world’s population lacks such. This was evidenced by the unprecedented outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, which left communities extremely vulnerable to fatal illnesses due to the limited access to water for handwashing or lack of knowledge of the existence of the utility. Subsequently, the lack of data on the distribution of the water resources poses a great challenge to the water resource investment and AI/ML-enabled advancements in the water sector compared to all other sectors like heath. Influencing the frequency of water point data collection through crowdsourcing and volunteered geographic information, would greatly improve the availability of water point data, and contribute to the extended roles of water resource distribution, monitoring, and management especially in rural communities. Therefore, this paper describes the methodology for combining different water mapping schemas to create comprehensive multi-platform water infrastructure data and enhance rapid updates to support a suite of water resource analytics and extended advanced technology explorations towards improved decision-making. The recent technological advances including the web 2.0, cameras, smartphones and sensor networks continue to empower the development of empirical methods as well as the generation of big data and analytical platforms that provide predictive performance on the various socioeconomic needs for sustainable development. OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a crowdsourcing platform which offers a collaborative experience through its database, community, and wiki platforms, to create and update data relevant to support or transform various data deficiencies whether humanitarian or planning. However, the project’s data quality shortcomings often hinder simultaneous data integration with other analytical platforms such as the Water Point Data Exchange (WPdx) that would explicitly maximize the usage and application of these crowdsourced data. Through a project dubbed ‘Water Infrastructure Mapping Uganda’, a data model based upon open mapping methods and survey tools was developed to facilitate the mapping of water infrastructure data points and simultaneous updates of both the WPdx and OSM databases. The project engaged a comprehensive review of the OSM water tag, rural water infrastructure data standards and the WPdx database to generate a survey data form that supported one-time collection of a water point for both OSM and WPdx databases. Underlying the development of the data model/schema in the overall project, a design criterion was established which guided and justified the overall selection of the most relevant factors to include in the process that would eventually become detailed to communicate water infrastructure and functionality. The criteria were followed by an assessment of the; compliance [agreement of the tag], consistency [temporal and spatial representation of the tag], completeness [attribute description of the tag], and granularity [quality of the event information] of the OSM tag to support the development of the. osm language in the Kobo toolbox. Gulu district, located in the North of Uganda, was identified as a potential pilot area for improving the approach created by the project based on its rich WPdx footprint as well as a well-established OSM community of YouthMappers. Up to date satellite imagery of up to 50cm spatial resolution was acquired through the USAID GeoCentre to facilitate any visual detection of water points, and the digitization of base map data including, buildings, roads and waterways, to be employed in the field mapping exercise. A field mapping workflow was designed to facilitate the field-data collection employing the developed water infrastructure data model and Kobo toolbox. An API link was developed that simultaneously tapped the open-source field collected data into the WPdx database. Through the project, more than 15000 buildings, 1400square kilometres of roads and over 500 water data points were added to OSM as well as the WPdx database for the later data. Also, from the project, several observations were made regarding the improvement of such processes and the extension of the data model beyond one geographical area. The developed workflows characterized and provided a general improvement in the water infrastructure data quality especially for OSM

Bei der Eisenbahn wird seit ungefähr 150 Jahren Sicherheit (=Safety) gelebt. Seit kurzem kommen diese komischen Nerds und wollen der Bahn ihre Sicherheit (=Security) beibringen. Das muss ja schiefgehen, oder? Ein hoffentlich sehr unterhaltsamer Überblick über die Bahn und die Herausforderungen der Informationssicherheit bei der Bahn Die Eisenbahn ist der faszinierendste Verkehrsträger der Welt. Gleichzeitig ist das System Rad-Schiene die ökologischste Form des Transports wenn das Fahrrad nicht mehr ausreicht. Die Politik verlässt sich darauf, dass wir bei der Eisenbahn in den nächsten Jahren viel mehr Güter und Menschen umweltfreundlich an ihr Ziel bringen. Damit das klappt, müssen wir das Schienennetz in Deutschland umfassend digitalisieren, ohne die hohe Zuverlässigkeit und Sicherheit der Eisenbahn zu riskieren. Im Vortrag berichte ich aus der Praxis der Informationssicherheit der DB Netz AG, wie wir an der Zukunft des digitalen Schienennetz arbeiten und von 150 Jahren gelebter Fehlerkultur bei der Eisenbahn profitieren um die Zukunft der Bahn sicher zu gestalten. about this event: https://programm.froscon.org/2022/events/2758.html

This talk will cover topics related to providing relevant recommendations to users. We don’t aim to declare one recommendation method as the best but instead highlight different approaches to enriching recommendations by combining machine learning with graph databases. The methods we evaluate include: - Matrix Factorization with Graph Embeddings - Content-based TFIDF - Cosine Similarity with AQL and User Ratings The talk will briefly cover the methods and how we generated the distance metrics and provide notebooks that go into further detail. We will show how we integrated these findings into a frontend application for movie recommendations. The talk aims to show how pairing machine learning with graph databases can improve the quality of recommendations and offers some insights into the challenges of productionizing machine learning models. Topics: Machine Learning, Python, Data science, MLOps, Visualization about this event: https://programm.froscon.org/2022/events/2735.html

Infrastructure as Code, Continuous Integration und viele weitere Schlagworte sind in aller Leute Munde. Doch wie soll das Umgesetzt werden ?<P> Der Vortrag gibt eine Übersicht wie Systemkonfiguration mit Puppet für grosse und kleine Umgebungen umgesetzt werden kann. Der Vortrag gibt einen Überblick und soll helfen Zusammenhänge zu verstehen. Der Fokus wird auf dem Aufbau und der Architektur einer Puppet Umgebung sein. Einige Beispiele sollen die erweiterten Möglichkeiten von Puppet aufzeigen. Vorkentnisse: Keine about this event: https://programm.froscon.org/2022/events/2809.html

The CrypTool Team is in the middle of finishing the new edition of the CrypTool-Book at the moment. We added/updated many SageMath Examples, some of which will be shown and also provided for trying them out by yourself. The CrypTool Book is an Open-Source-Project containing texts from various authors about many topics of cryptography, via LaTeX all in one PDF, together with a lot of SageMath Examples. In addition, there are instructions on how to try them out in the various software versions of the CrypTool family (including CrypTool 1, CrypTool 2, JCrypTool and CrypToolOnline) for all the methods discussed. The book has been around since the year 2000. It is available in two languages ​​(English and German), now has over 600 pages and typesetting the file takes between 8 and 30 minutes, depending on the computer. It contains a comprehensive literature section, maths, and a lot of code examples. We will walk through some of the SageMath Code Examples contained in the book. We will NOT give an introduction to SageMath, you should have it installed already if you want to try out the examples treated in the talk. about this event: https://programm.froscon.org/2022/events/2808.html

This talk is a hands-on introduction to fuzz testing. After a basic introduction to fuzzing we will give a live demonstration of our open source fuzzing tools, supporting C/C++, Java, JavaScript and Go. They will showcase modern state-of-the-art fuzzing approaches and demonstrate the different kinds of bugs one can detect. To get everyone on board we will take a short tour through the history and fundamentals of fuzzing before we look at the current state of fuzzing including code instrumentation for coverage guided fuzzing and bug detectors. We will find out what kind of bugs and vulnerabilities can be found with these techniques. We will do this by taking a look on how we use this modern approaches at Code Intelligence (Bonn, https://www.code-intelligence.com/) to make fuzzing as easy as writing unit tests, including demonstrations of our OSS tools Jazzer (https://github.com/CodeIntelligenceTesting/jazzer) and cifuzz (https://github.com/CodeIntelligenceTesting/cifuzz). about this event: https://programm.froscon.org/2022/events/2772.html

Using open source is easy! The great thing about open source is that you can adapt it, apply patches, include your own code snippets, … That is, until you realize that you now have more and more projects to maintain on your own. You need to re-patch new versions, import security patches into your local branch of the software or manually apply updates. In short, you are in maintenance hell. Using open source is easy! The great thing about open source is that you can adapt it, apply patches, include your own code snippets, … That is, until you realize that you now have more and more projects to maintain on your own. You need to re-patch new versions, import security patches into your local branch of the software or manually apply updates. In short, you are in maintenance hell. In this session, we will go through a few arguments for avoiding this maintenance nightmare. What can you do to minimize the constant time you have to spend on adopted software projects, how can you compromise if you need patches after all and (always important) how can you convince your managers that sometimes spending a bit more time right now is what you should do. Topics - Problems you see when maintaining custom patches - Upstream first: Getting your patches upstream and apply them with the next regular update - Arguments for management: Why it's better and cheaper - But what if I need to patch anyway? Techniques for slowly reducing local patches anyway about this event: https://programm.froscon.org/2022/events/2783.html

Einfaches, effizientes und schnelles Monitoring mit Open Source – das auch noch Spaß macht Beim Thema Monitoring haben die meisten gleich Nagios im Kopf, zusammen mit eingestaubten Konfigurationsdateien und der Unlust das irgendwie anpacken zu müssen. Bei openITCOCKPIT erfolgt die Konfiguration ausschließlich über die Weboberfläche, kann aber auch automatisiert über die API abgewickelt werden. Mit dem plattformunabhängigen openITCOCKPIT Monitoring Agenten ist das Basis-Monitoring in weniger als 2 Minuten eingerichtet. Die Kommunikation ist selbstverständlich verschlüsselt und danke Pull oder Push Modus lässt sich jedes System abfragen. Ein Monitoring-System besteht heutzutage aus vielen Komponenten wie Datenbanken, Grafana, Visualisierung usw. openITCOCKPIT übernimmt die Verwaltung aller benötigten Tools und ist gleichzeig 100% kompatibel zu Nagios. Vor Updates braucht man also keine Angst mehr zu haben. Somit liegt der Fokus für den Anwender beim Monitoring. openITCOCKPIT steht für Debian und Ubuntu als amd64 und arm64 Pakete zur Verfügung. Freiwillige vor! Gerne überwache ich wären der Demo euer Notebook (Linux, macOS oder Windows). about this event: https://programm.froscon.org/2022/events/2773.html

This talk shows how to enhance GitOps by putting observability and Service Level Objectives in the center of the deployment process, based on CNCF projects like Argo and Keptn. GitOps has arrived and shapes today’s way of delivering applications on cloud-native systems. Although GitOps controllers maintain the technical state of an application, there are additional – not necessarily technical – things to consider when deploying applications. For instance, we might want to know if we have already consumed our error budgets before deploying a new service version and make this step a conscious decision. Additionally, we want to ensure that the response time of our service is as expected (and agreed with the customer) before shifting the traffic to a new service version in blue/green or canary deployments. This session starts with a concise overview of GitOps, the problems it solves, and other things to consider when deploying enterprise-grade applications using GitOps. After this talk, you will know how you can put observability at the center of your deployment process and how this works based on an example with ArgoCD and Keptn. about this event: https://programm.froscon.org/2022/events/2752.html

Tips und Best-Practises für PostgreSQL Administration und Betrieb für Leute deren Job eigentlich ein anderer ist. PostgreSQL ist die fortschrittlichste Relationale Open Source Datenbank. Es bietet eine große Anzahl an Features und ist dabei für die meisten Workloads relativ einfach zu managen, vor allem wenn ein Managed Service verwendet wird. Wenn allerdings kein DBA vorhanden ist muss trotzdem jemand nach den Postgres Servern oder Services schauen; andernfalls wird die Performance irgendwann einbrechen oder irgendwelche Limits/Fehler auftauchen. Dieser Vortrag gibt einen kurzen Überblick über PostgreSQL, welche minimalen anfänglichen Tuning-Maßnahmen ergriffen werden sollten und was die aktuellen Limits für einen hauptsächlich unüberwachten Betrieb sind. Er wird auch einige Best-Practices für Installation und Konfiguration aufzeigen und potenzielle Fallstricke aufzeigen, die man Vermeiden sollte. Er ist für System-AdministratorInnen, DevOps-Engineers oder Software-EntwicklerInnen gedacht, deren primäre Rolle nicht Datenbank-Management ist, die sich aber aus dem einen oder anderen Grund mit dem Betrieb von PostgreSQL-Instanzen befassen müssen. about this event: https://programm.froscon.org/2022/events/2787.html

OpenStreetMap (OSM) data has the potential to facilitate bottom-up approach to transport planning which is essential for localized data-driven policy interventions. Given this, OpenInfra project is exploring the potential of OSM data in transport research with a focus on active travel. The exploration showed that currently missing data limits the applicability of OSM data. Nevertheless, we argue that the potential and relevance of OSM data can be demonstrated by recategorizing OSM data to provide more actionable insights to policy-makers. This, therefore, could encourage the uptake of open data leading to more transparent, reproducible, and participatory transport planning. One of the key domains in which OpenSteetMap (OSM) data has been utilized is transport research [1]. OSM has been used in agent-based transport simulation [2] and routing [3], including cycling [4], walking [5], wheeling [6], and blind pedestrian routing [7]. Another application of OSM data is in transport infrastructure planning. Nelson et al. [8] argue that OSM has the potential to become a primary source of data on infrastructure across the globe. Regardless of OSM’s potential to become a primary source of data on infrastructure, its potential in active travel infrastructure planning is yet to be realized. One of the potential reasons behind this lag might be linked to the perceived unreliability of open-access crowdsourced data [9]. The quality of OSM has received extensive examination [1] in which the question concerning data completeness plays a significant role because, it is argued, the mappers are not coordinated to guarantee systematic coverage [10]. To address this issue, Barrington-Leigh and Millard-Ball [11] assessed OSM road completeness and found that globally over 80% of roads are mapped. Problematically, however, their assessment focused on roads designed for motor traffic, thus excluding other modes of transport. This gap has been partially addressed by Ferster et al. [12]who examined and compared OSM cycling infrastructure in Canada. They have not, however, considered the infrastructure from the perspective of accessibility. Moreover, there seems to exist no equivalent study using OSM data in the context of pedestrian infrastructure planning. Nevertheless, open-access crowdsourced data, such as OSM, can support an increasing need for local evidence to inform transport policies. This is important in the context of the UK in which a shift from provision for motorised modes towards more sustainable active modes of travel, such as walking, wheeling, and cycling, takes place [13]. The importance of localizing interventions to meet the needs of local communities has been outlined in both policy [15] and academic [16] papers. A potential way to engage citizens in the decision-making is to encourage “produsage” – a model in which citizens both produce and use data [17]. Acknowledging the potential of OSM to boost citizen participation, OpenInfra project, run at the University of Leeds (UK), aims to address the gap of literature regarding the potential OpenStreetMap in transport research. The project started by examining the existing OSM tags relevant to active travel infrastructure in England with a focus on West Yorkshire, Greater Manchester, Greater London, and Merseyside. The data has been queried using osmextract [18], a package in R, and explored using exploratory data analysis (EDA) approach. A reproducible code containing all the figures discussed here can be found on GitHub: https://github.com/udsleeds/openinfra/tree/main/sotm2022 Given the extensive use of OSM data in transport research, it is not surprising that OSM provides a comprehensive active travel network, yet there is a lack of specification concerning the type of infrastructure that is present (e.g. is it a cycle lane or a cycle track?). For instance, cycleways and footways constitute about 1/3 of all the mapped highways on which one can legally walk, wheel or cycle but only a few percent of the cycleways and footways have tags detailing their type. The data gets even scarcer in the context of accessible infrastructure planning. For example, there is a lot of missing information on the presence and type of kerbs – a street element that might make the movement of a wheelchair user more challenging [19]. The missing data currently limits the use of OSM data in active travel planning, however this does mean that the use of OSM data should be dismissed. Following Nelson et al.’s [8] argument that it is important to make crowdsourced data more actionable, we decided to recategorize OSM data based on Inclusive Mobility (IM) [15], a guide that outlines the best practices in creating inclusive pedestrian infrastructure in the UK. For this, a function has been written (documentation can be found here: https://udsleeds.github.io/openinfra/articles/im_get.html). It takes an OSM dataframe, recategorizes its tags based on the definitions outlined in the guide, and return

Lighting talks registered during the State of the Map conference. ## Offline Web Mapping Server UNVT Portable The United Nations Vector Tile Toolkit. _by Shogo Hirasawa, Taichi Furuhashi_ ## Liaising OpenStreetMap (OSM) Community and Research Community with the Policy Makers: Reducing the Data Gap in Disaster Management _by Airin Akter, Shraddha Sharma_ ## Unique Mappers Network: The OpenStreetMap Community NGO in Nigeria _by Victor N. Sunday, Nwinkua Dumdibabari_ ## NOAH (Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards) Website, revamped! _by Feye Andal_ about this event: https://2022.stateofthemap.org/sessions/NNKX8K/

Sparked by concerns about OpenStreetMap's role in how the public accesses and recreates on protected lands, OpenStreetMap US volunteers, navigation app developers, national agencies and public land managers formed the OpenStreetMap US Trails Working Group in 2021. Bringing together a diversity of perspectives on trail mapping practices, trail safety, and protecting the environment, this group is working to address on-the-ground challenges, tagging schemes, authoritative data, and other topics related to mapping trails in OSM. Learn how this group is collaboratively developing solutions for responsible trail mapping in OpenStreetMap. about this event: https://2022.stateofthemap.org/sessions/CUV9H7/

Null Island is where the prime meridian meets the equator at (0,0) longitude and latitude. While Null Island is a fictitious, dimensionless, point object, its existence stimulates vigorous debate making it worthy of serious consideration. Many examples exists illustrating how Null Island impacts OSM discourse. Our study considers what the geographic oddity of Null Island means for OSM. The main contribution is a structured knowledge-based resource facilitating understanding of Null Island’s impact on OSM. This socio-technical and philosophical investigation of Null Island can become a catalyst for deeper discussions and debates in OSM around mapping practices. Null Island refers to the location where the prime meridian meets the equator at 0o longitude and 0o latitude. With coordinates (0, 0), it is the origin of the WGS84 geographic coordinate system. It has been argued that Null Island can be considered a real place that is a product of our digital age [1]. Null Island’s significance comes from the fact that it is erroneously associated with large amounts of geographic data that spans across geo-social media, location-based services and map databases. Even though Null Island is a fictitious, dimensionless, point object, its existence stimulates debate that elevates Null Island into a global issue worthy of serious consideration (a detailed description of associated issues is given in [1]). Members of the OpenStreetMap (OSM) project often interact with this location in various ways, and therefore understanding what Null Island means for OSM is relevant. We can find several examples of Null Island affecting OSM, such as a recent debate that arose in the talk mailing list in January 2022 with the title “Was the deletion of Null Island reasonable?” [2], where contributors argued for or against the deletion of Null Island. In addition, a web search for the term “Null Island” on the openstreetmap.org domain [3] reveals that Null Island was mentioned across the entire OSM ecosystem, including mailing lists, forums, user diaries, notes, features, changesets, wiki pages, help articles, blogs and even the Ruby on Rails codebase of the OSM website uses Null Island for testing (https://tinyurl.com/OSM-Ruby-Null). These suggest that Null Island already has a widespread reach within the OSM project. The purpose of this study is to consider both qualitatively and quantitatively what the geographic oddity of Null Island means for OSM. No research works exist which tackle this issue in depth. Previous studies mentioning Null Island do so in a simplistic way and use the term to refer to the (0, 0) location (see e.g. [4]–[6]). Only a few studies recognize it as a special location and unique phenomenon ([7], [8]), and to our knowledge, only one study tackles the issue in depth [1]. In addition to contributing a robust academic study of Null Island, this work will produce a structured knowledge-based resource for the community to understand Null Island’s impact on OSM. Building on [1] we investigate the various ways Null Island is represented in the OSM project subsequently contributing an evidence-based narrative history on the evolution of Null Island. This includes the qualitative review of various OSM communications channels (e.g. mailing lists, discussion boards and wikis) for mentions and references to Null Island. We believe these channels help provide insights about how the OSM community contextualizes, describes and deals with Null Island. The history of special map features related to Null Island, such as node #1 (https://tinyurl.com/osm-first-node) and the node located at (0, 0) (https://tinyurl.com/OSM-Center) will also be reviewed to illustrate what actions the OSM community took in terms of adding and removing Null Island to the database. In addition to these qualitative approaches, we utilize the ohsome API [9] to extract and analyze map edits made on or near Null Island, which provides a quantitative way to assess the frequency of erroneous data added to OSM near (0, 0) as well as the semantics of such data. Interesting patterns have already emerged from the preliminary analysis of data. The most recent mailing list debate mentioned above [2] can be summarized as follows. 17 individuals contributed 45 e-mails to the discussion between January 3 and January 10, 2022. One of the (very few) rules of OSM is that data should be verifiable, meaning that others can visit the real location of a map object and see for themselves if the data is correct. This is also known as the “ground-truth rule” [10]. Null Island as a fictional place violates this rule, therefore a popular stand in the debate is that it should not be part of OSM. This was explicitly expressed by five individuals, including a member of the authoritative Data Working Group. A counter argument is that Null Island is fundamentally similar to localities and neighborhoods, that might not exist as political or physical entities, but are known only informall

What must be mapped to make routing for prams and wheelchairs practical? Three years ago, the local meet-up in Dortmund, Germany, started a campaign to make step-free routing available for the general public. The lessons learned mean that such routing is possible, but there is a lot missing to map - both in Dortmund and in all other parts of the world. Map the essential where fellow mappers are sparse. And codify the full ground truth where the passion allows it. I hope to encourage mappers for the quest to get their neighbourhood ready for wheelchairs, prams and all the other pedestrians! Routing for pedestrians is a much broader challenge than the well-known car routing. Cars all over the world are mostly uniform, but pedestrians vary widely in their capabilities. This means that a lot of details that a sportive person might not even notice can be literally a roadblocker for people with prams, for wheelchair users or simply lesser-abled people with not enough strength for a complete stairway. Becoming a father has been a good opportunity to check in practice what is and what is not feasible for a pedestrian with a pushed vehicle. It turns out that the first step is to get aware of the various kinds of obstacles that get in the way. Beside the obvious steps and kerbs, there are impassable surfaces, too narrow or too steep sections. Or simply sidewalks missing completely on the ground. As of now, OpenStreetMap data does not even suffice to figure out where one or both sidewalks actually exist. This puts into perspective the discussions about how to map best details of both detached ways and sidewalks. A couple of tagging approaches are compared to allow educated guesses which level of detail will allow for good results rather in weeks and months than in years or decades. I even dare to give suggestions what tagging practices we should additionally adopt to be able to map faster. The background of this talk is an initiative from the Dortmund meet-up: For the large event Kirchentag 2019, we mapped at least the city center sufficiently well for wheelchair mapping. The whole city with its 1500 km streets has turned out to be simply too much. Given that a city with a local meet-up is in a relatively good position to be mapped, it was no surprise that also elsewhere the data is simply not yet good enough for wheelchair routing. The hope is that simple suggestions what helps is getting more traction than a sophisticated mapping hierarchy. about this event: https://2022.stateofthemap.org/sessions/LKZYJ7/

Urban green spaces serve people for active and passive recreation. On the basis of OpenStreetMap data, suitable green spaces are to be derived in order to incorporate them as recreation destinations in a location-based service (the “meinGruen” app) as polygons. The modelling approach focuses on activity-related barriers in the context of urban green, transitions between different land use classes, and public accessibility. The case study was implemented for the city of Dresden in Germany. In addition to important ecosystem services such as clean air or local climate regulation, green spaces provide peace and recreation, contributing to a good quality of life for the population. In high-density urban areas, publicly accessible green spaces are used for a variety of recreational activities, which has become even more important, not least because of the COVID-19 pandemic [1]–[4]. In this context, the research project "Information and Navigation on Urban Green Spaces in Cities - meinGruen" examined publicly accessible green spaces with regard to a variety of criteria in order to assess their suitability for the pursuit of leisure activities, such as going for a walk or playing soccer [3], [5], [6]. The aim of this study is to derive a suitable polygon dataset to describe the spatial distribution of publicly accessible urban green spaces. The presented approach favors the use of OpenStreetMap data and intrinsic knowledge. Advantages of the use of OpenStreetMap data are the global availability, the often high completeness in urban areas as well as the unified open data license ODbL 1.0. In this way, problems with data availability and heterogeneity due to different responsible authorities can be avoided. Ludwig et al. [7] describe an approach to mapping public green spaces based on OpenStreetMap and Sentinel-2 satellite imagery in which barriers and land use changes are considered based on a priori (expert knowledge) assumptions for polygon generation. In the approach presented here, spatial delimitation is to be refined by describing barriers by probability values. The term "barrier" is first analyzed in an interdisciplinary way in order to then work out its meaning for the spatial delimitation of a green space. Here, barriers describe the action space of a recreational activity. While there are a number of object types (such as walls, fences, rivers, roads or railroad lines) can be assumed to be barriers with certainty, there are others (such as paths or the change of land use) for which knowledge is still lacking. The study area includes the city of Dresden in Germany, plus a buffer of five kilometers. OpenStreetMap represents the main data source. For training and validation, official cadastral data (ALKIS) as well as a dataset on cadastral parcels owned by the city of Dresden were used. The methodology consists of six steps: First, according to defined rules, types of barriers were extracted from OpenStreetMap data. Second, we derived a land use layer without overlaps and holes from OpenStreetMap. Here, two options were compared regarding different target schemes for land use classification. Third, a mapping in terms of a “ground-truth“ in selected areas in Dresden followed in order to be able to evaluate the existence of a barrier on site for the extracted paths and changes of land use. Fourth, generic probabilities for the existence of a barrier were determined based on path type or land use change type. Fifth, a polygon mesh was created by applying thresholds to the determined barrier probabilities. Sixth, the generated polygons were enriched with attributes on the number of green space-related POI, such as benches, trash cans, or trees. Models for "greenness" and "accessibility" are thereby trained. For the technical implementation mainly Docker, PostgreSQL/ PostGIS, Python (Geopandas, Scikit-Learn) and Jupyter Notebook were used. Data import was performed by osm2pgsql and ogr2ogr. For mapping we used the app QField. Land use layers were successfully generated for the study area using a residual class. The results indicated that the land use classification according to the area scheme of the IOER-Monitor (option B) has a higher thematic accuracy with a maximum of 33 classes (433 original OSM tags were assigned) than the option A based on a classification according to osmlanduse.org/ Schultz et al. (up to 13 classes, based on 61 OSM tags) [8], [9]. The classes of arable land (A: 28.40% / B: 28.06% share of area) as well as forest (A: 21.81% / B: 23.33%) are dominant in both variants. While the residual class takes up 6.29% of the area in option A, it is only 4.88% in option B. For the “ground-truth”, a total of approximately 82.3 km of paths (with 408 line objects) and approximately 64.2 km of land use changes (1720 line objects) were evaluated for the presence of a barrier in two selected areas in Dresden. The land use changes are based on variant B. Data were coll

Barrierefreiheit für alle, immer und überall, zumindest in OSS, darum soll es in dem Vortrag gehen. Wer profitiert von gut nutzbarer Software? Welche Prozesse führen zu mehr Barrierefreiheit? Was können wir tun, um accessibility by design zu erreichen? Durch die zunehmende Nutzung von OSS auf dem Desktop an Schulen und Hochschulen wie im öffentlichen Dienst in Norddeutschland, werden immer mehr Mängel bei der Zugänglichkeit sichtbar. Bisher werden sie meist durch individuelle Workarounds oder nachträgliches Flicken versucht zu beheben. Meist nur mit mäßigem Erfolg, der durch das nächste Update wieder zunichte gemacht wird. Der Vortrag möchte daher zu einem grundlegenden Umdenken auffordern, zu einem umfassenden Verständnis von Barrierefreiheit als Selbstverständlichkeit. about this event: https://programm.froscon.org/2022/events/2781.html