Ben Franklin's World

Most histories of American abolitionism begin just before the Civil War, during the Antebellum period. But the movement to end chattel slavery in America began long before the United States was a nation. Manisha Sinha, a professor of history at the University of Connecticut and author of the award-winning book The Slaves Cause: A History of Abolition, takes us through the early American origins of the the abolition movement. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/142 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Georgian Papers Programme Complementary Episodes Episode 055: Robb Haberman, John Jay: Forgotten Founder Episode 096: Nicholas Guyatt, The Origins of Racial Segregation in the United States Episode 124: James Alexander Dun, Making the Haitian Revolution in Early America Episode 127: Caroline Winterer, American Enlightenments Episode 135: Julie Holcomb, Moral Commerce Episode 137: Erica Dunbar, The Washingtons’ Runaway Slave Ona Judge Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Declaration of Independence stands first in a series of documents that founded the United States. It also stands as an early step in the long process of establishing a free, independent, and self-governing nation. Since 1776, more than 100 nation-states and freedom organizations have used the Declaration of Independence as a model for their own declarations and proclamations of independence. Given the Declaration of Independence’s important place in the hearts and minds of peoples around the world, we need to go behind its parchment and explore just how the Declaration of Independence came to be. In this preview episode of the Doing History: To the Revolution! Series, we explore how the Second Continental Congress drafted the Declaration of Independence. Show Notes:https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/141 About the Series The mission of episodes in the Doing History: To the Revolution series is to ask not just “what is the history of the American Revolution?” but “what are the histories of the American Revolution?” Episodes in this series will air beginning in September 2017. The Doing History series explores early American history and how historians work. It's produced by the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture. Be sure to check out Doing History season 1, Doing History: How Historians Work. Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Doing History: To the Revolution! series OI Reader App Complementary Episodes Episode 007: John Adams & the Adams Papers Documentary Editing Project Episode 018: Danielle Allen, Our Declaration Episode 062: Carol Berkin, The Bill of Rights Episode 086: George Goodwin, Benjamin Franklin in London Episode 096: Nicholas Guyatt, The Origins of Racial Segregation in the United States Episode 107: Mary Sarah Bilder, Madison’s Hand Episode 117: Annette Gordon-Reed, The Life and Ideas of Thomas Jefferson Episode 119: Steve Pincus, The Heart of the Declaration Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Nathaniel Bowditch worked as a navigator, mathematician, astronomer, and business innovator. Over the course of his lifetime, his fellow Americans hailed him as the “American Sir Isaac Newton.” Tamara Thornton, a professor of history at the University of Buffalo and author of Nathaniel Bowditch and the Power of Numbers: How a Nineteenth-Century Man of Business, Science, and the Sea Changed America, leads us on a detailed exploration of the life of Nathaniel Bowditch. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/140 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Georgian Papers Programme Complementary Episodes Episode 057: Max Edling, War, Money, and the American State, 1783-1867 Episode 098: Gautham Rao, Birth of the American Tax Man Episode 113: Brian Murphy, Building the Empire State Episode 109: John Dixon, The American Enlightenment & Cadwallader Colden Episode 127: Caroline Winterer, American Enlightenments Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In 1492, Columbus sailed the ocean blue. He also played a central role in the European adoption of Indian or Native American slavery. When we think of slavery in early America, we often think of the practice of African and African-American chattel slavery. However, that system of slavery wasn’t the only system of slavery that existed in North America. Systems of Indian slavery existed too. In fact, Indians remained enslaved long after the 13th Amendment abolished African-American slavery in 1865. In this episode, Andrés Reséndez, a professor of history at the University of California, Davis and author of The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story of Indian Enslavement in Americas, leads us on an investigation of this “other" form of American slavery. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/139 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Georgian Papers Programme Complementary Episodes Episode 008: Greg O'Malley, Final Passages: The Intercolonial Slave Trade of British America Episode 064: Brett Rushforth, Native American Slavery in New France Episode 067: John Ryan Fischer, An Environmental History of Early California & Hawaii Episode 082: Alejandra Dubcovsky, Information and Communication in the Early American South Episode 115: Andrew Torget, The Early American History of Texas Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Did you know that Connecticut and Virginia once invaded Pennsylvania? During the 1760s, Connecticut invaded and captured the northeastern corner of Pennsylvania just as Virginia invaded and captured parts of western Pennsylvania. And Pennsylvania stood powerless to stop them. In this episode, Patrick Spero, the Librarian of the American Philosophical Society and author of Frontier Country: The Politics of War in Early Pennsylvania, takes us through these invasions and reveals why Pennsylvania proved unable to defend its territory. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/048 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Georgian Papers Programme Complementary Episodes Episode 029: Colin Calloway, The Victory With No Name: The Native American Defeat of the First American Army Episode 048: Ken Miller, Dangerous Guests: Enemy Captives During the War for Independence Episode 056: Daniel J. Tortora, The Anglo-Cherokee War, 1759-1761 Episode 079: Jim Horn, What is a Historical Source? (Colonial Jamestown) Episode 104: Andrew Lipman, The Saltwater Frontier: Europeans & Native American on the Northeastern Coast Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

George Washington was an accomplished man. He served as a delegate to the First and Second Continental Congresses, Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army, first President of the United States, and on top of all that he was also a savvy businessman who ran a successful plantation. George Washington was also a slaveholder. In 1789, he and his wife Martha took 7 slaves to New York City to serve them in their new role as First Family. A 16 year-old girl named Ona Judge was one of the enslaved women who accompanied and served the Washingtons. Erica Dunbar, a Professor of Black American Studies and History at the University of Delaware and author of Never Caught: The Washington’s Relentless Pursuit of Their Runaway Slave Ona Judge, leads us through the early American life of Ona Judge. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/137 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture William and Mary Quarterly Episode 105: Joshua Piker, How Historians Publish History (Behind-the-scenes of the William and Mary Quarterly) Complementary Episodes Episode 026: George Washington’s Revolution Episode 033: George Washington and His Library Episode 061: George Washington in Retirement Episode 074: Mary Wigge, Martha Washington Episode 083: Jared Hardesty, Unfreedom: Slavery in Colonial Boston Episode 089: Jessica Millward, Slavery and Freedom in Early Maryland Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What do the objects we purchase and use say about us? If we take the time to think about the material objects and clothing in our lives, we’ll find that we can actually learn a lot about ourselves and other people. The same holds true when we take the time to study the objects and clothing left behind by people from the past. Jennifer Van Horn, an Assistant Professor of History and Art History at the University of Delaware and author of The Power of Objects in Eighteenth-Century British America, leads us on an exploration of the 18th-century British material world and how objects from that world can help us think about and explore the lives of 18th-century British Americans. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/136 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture William and Mary Quarterly OI Reader app Complementary Episodes Episode 024: Kimberly Alexander, 18th-Century Fashion & Material Culture Episode 079: Jim Horn, What is a Historical Source Episode 084: Zara Anishanslin, How Historians Read Historical Sources Episode 107: Mary Sarah Bilder, Madison’s Hand: Revising the Constitutional Convention Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

If early Americans desired slaves mostly to produce sugarcane, cotton, rice, indigo, and tobacco, what would happen if Europeans and early Americans stopped purchasing those products? Would boycotting slave-produced goods and starving slavery of its economic sustenance be enough to end the practice of slavery in North America? Julie Holcomb, an Associate Professor of Museum Studies at Baylor University and author of Moral Commerce: The Transatlantic Boycott of the Slave Labor Economy, helps us explore answers to these questions by leading us through the transatlantic boycott of slave produced goods. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/135 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture William and Mary Quarterly Karin Wulf, “The Art and Craft of Review” Complementary Episodes Episode 020: Kyle Bulthuis, Four Steeples Over the City Streets Episode 030: Shelby Balik, Rally the Scattered Believers: Northern New England’s Religious Geography Episode 045: Spencer McBride, Joseph Smith and the Founding of Mormonism Episode 073: Mark Noll, The Bible in Early America Episode 077: Rinker Buck, The Oregon Trail Episode 118: Christy Clark-Pujara, The Business of Slavery in Rhode Island Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In Colonial America, clergymen stood as thought leaders in their local communities. They stood at the head of their congregations and many community members looked to them for knowledge and insight about the world around them. So what happened to these trusted, educated men during the American Revolution? How did they choose their political allegiances? And what work did they undertake to aid or hinder the revolutionary cause? Spencer McBride, an editor at the Joseph Smith Papers documentary editing project, joins us to explore some of the ways politics and religion intersected during the American Revolution with details from his book, Pulpit and Nation: Clergymen and the Politics of Revolutionary America. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/134 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture William and Mary Quarterly Episode 105: Josh Piker, How Historians Publish History (Behind-the-Scenes of the WMQ) Complementary Episodes Episode 045: Spencer McBride, Joseph Smith and the Founding of Mormonism Episode 112: Mary Beth Norton, The Tea Crisis of 1773 Episode 117: Annette Gordon-Reed, The Life & Ideas of Thomas Jefferson Episode 123: Revolutionary Allegiances Episode 129: John Bell, The Road to Concord Episode 130: Paul Revere’s Ride Through History Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The institution of African slavery in North America began in late August 1619 and persisted until the ratification of the 13th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States in December 1865. Over those 246 years, many slaves plotted and conspired to start rebellions, but most of the plotted rebellions never took place. Slaveholders and whites discovered them before they could begin. Therefore, North America witnessed only a handful of slave revolts between 1614 and 1865. Nat Turner’s Rebellion in August 1831 stands as the most deadly. Patrick Breen, an Associate Professor of History at Providence College and author of The Land Shall Be Deluged in Blood: A New History of the Nat Turner Revolt joins us to investigate the ins and outs of this bloodiest of North American slave revolts. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/133 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture William and Mary Quarterly WMQ Editor Josh Piker, “The Five-Reader Problem” WMQ Editor Josh Piker, “Getting Lost” Susanah Shaw Romney, “5,000 More Words” Episode 105: Josh Piker, How Historians Publish History (Behind-the-Scenes of the William and Mary Quarterly) Complementary Episodes Episode 016: Alan Taylor, The Internal Enemy Episode 020: Kyle Bulthuis, Four Steeples Over the City Streets Episode 083: Jared Hardesty, Unfreedom: Slavery in Colonial Boston Episode 091: Gregory Dowd, Rumors, Legends, and Hoaxes in Early America Episode 125: Teri Snyder, Death, Suicide, and Slavery in British North America Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

When we explore the history of early America, we often look at people who lived and the events that took place in North America. But what about the people who lived and worked in European metropoles? What about Native Americans? Today, we explore early American history through a slightly different lens, a lens that allows us to see interactions that occurred between Native American peoples and English men and women who lived in London. Our guide for this exploration is Coll Thrush, an Associate Professor of History at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver and author of Indigenous London: Native Travelers at the Heart of the Empire. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/132 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture William and Mary Quarterly Episode 105: Josh Piker, How Historians Publish History (Behind-the-Scenes of the William and Mary Quarterly) Complementary Episodes Episode 079: Jim Horn, What is a Historic Source? (Jamestown and Pocahontas) Episode 104: Andrew Lipman, The Saltwater Frontier Episode 109: John Dixon, The American Enlightenment & Cadwallader Colden Episode 127: Caroline Winterer, American Enlightenments Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The United States has a complicated history when it comes to ideas of empire and imperialism. Since it’s earliest days, the United States has wanted the power that came with being an empire even while declaring its distaste for them. Therefore, it should not be surprising that the man who drafted the Declaration of Independence, which severed the 13 American colonies’ ties to the most powerful empire in the mid-to-late 18th-century world, also had strong views about empire: Thomas Jefferson wanted the United States to become a great and vast “Empire of Liberty.” Frank Cogliano, a Professor of American History at the University of Edinburgh and author of Emperor of Liberty: Thomas Jefferson’s Foreign Policy, joins us to explore how Thomas Jefferson came to be a supporter and promoter of empires. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/131 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture William and Mary Quarterly, the leading journal of early American history since 1943 Episode 105: Joshua Piker, How Historians Publish History (Behind-the-Scenes of the William and Mary Quarterly) Complementary Episodes Episode 042: Heather Richardson, The History of the Republican Party Episode 052: Ronald A. Johnson, Early United States-Haitian Diplomacy Episode 090: Caitlin Fitz: Age of American Revolutions Episode 117: Annette Gordon-Reed: The Life & Ideas of Thomas Jefferson Episode 124: James Alexander Dun, Making the Haitian Revolution in Early America Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

On April 18, 1775, Paul Revere rode to Lexington, Massachusetts to spread the alarm that the Regulars were marching. Revere made several important rides between 1774 and 1775, including one in September 1774 that brought the Suffolk Resolves to the First Continental Congress in Philadelphia. So why is it that we remember Paul Revere’s ride to Lexington and not any of his other rides? Why is it that we remember Paul Revere on the night of April 18, 1775 and nothing about his life either before or after that famous ride? Why is it that Paul Revere seems to ride quickly into history and then just as quickly out of it? In this episode we speak with four scholars to explore Paul Revere’s ride through history. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/130 About the Series The mission of episodes in the Doing History: To the Revolution series is to ask not just “what is the history of the American Revolution?” but “what are the histories of the American Revolution?” Episodes in this series will air beginning in Fall 2017. The Doing History series is part of a partnership between Ben Franklin’s World and the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture. Be sure to check out Doing History season 1: Doing History: How Historians Work. Bonus Content Episode Bibliography Doing History: To the Revolution! OI Reader Complementary Episodes Episode 059: Eric Foner, The Hidden History of the Underground Railroad Episode 075: Peter Drummey, How Archives Work (History of Paul Revere’s Accounts of his Ride) Episode 106: Jane Kamensky, The World of John Singleton Copley Episode 112: Mary Beth Norton, The Tea Crisis of 1773 Episode 123: Revolutionary Allegiances Episode 128: Alan Taylor, American Revolutions: A Continental History Episode 129: John Bell, The Road to Concord, 1775 Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

How did the colonists of Massachusetts go from public protests meant to shame government officials and destroy offending property, to armed conflict with British Regulars in Lexington and Concord? John Bell, the prolific blogger behind Boston1775.net and the author of The Road to Concord: How Four Stolen Cannon Ignited the Revolutionary War, leads us on an investigation of what brought colonists and redcoats to the Battles of Lexington and Concord. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/129 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Doing History series Complementary Episodes Episode 039: Eric Nelson, The Royalist Revolution Episode 046: John Ferling, Whirlwind: The American Revolution & the War that Won It Episode 112: Mary Beth Norton, The Tea Crisis of 1773 Bonus: Stamp Act of 1765 Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Historians often portray the American Revolution as an orderly, if violent, event that moved from British colonists’ high-minded ideas about freedom to American independence from Great Britain and the ratification of the Constitution of 1787. But was the American Revolution an orderly event that took place only between Great Britain and her North American colonists? Was it really about high-minded ideas? Two-time Pulitzer Prize winner Alan Taylor joins us to explore the American Revolution as a Continental event with details from his book, American Revolutions: A Continental History. 1750-1804. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/128 Sponsor Links DelanceyPlace.com "The U.S. Helps the Rebels in Panama" Complementary Episodes Episode 014: Claudio Saunt, West of the Revolution Episode 016: Alan Taylor, The Internal Enemy Episode 029: Colin Calloway, The Victory with No Name Episode 037: Kathleen DuVal: Independence Lost Episode 123: Revolutionary Allegiances Bonus: Why Historians Study History Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In many ways, the Enlightenment gave birth to the United States. Enlightened ideas informed protests over imperial governance and taxation and over whether there should be an American bishop. If we want to understand early America, we need to understand the Enlightenment. Caroline Winterer, a Professor of History at Stanford University and author of American Enlightenments: Pursuing Happiness in the Age of Reason, takes us through her ideas about the Enlightenment and how it influenced early America. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/127 Sponsor Links DelanceyPlace.com “The Hostility Between Christians and Deists” Complementary Episodes Bonus: Why Historians Study History Episode 085: George Goodwin, Benjamin Franklin in London Episode 088: Michael McDonnell: The History of History Writing Episode 096: Nicholas Guyatt, The Origins of Racial Segregation in the United States Episode 109: John Dixon, The American Enlightenment & Cadwallader Colden Episode 117: Annette Gordon-Reed, The Life & Ideas of Thomas Jefferson Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What happened to the loyalists who stayed in the United States after the War for Independence? After the war, 60,000 loyalists and 15,000 slaves evacuated the United States. But thousands more opted to remain in the new nation. Rebecca Brannon, an Associate Professor of History at James Madison University and author of From Revolution to Reunion: The Reintegration of South Carolina Loyalists, joins us to explore what happened to the loyalists who stayed. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/126 Sponsor Links Delanceyplace.com "Not One, But Ninety Declarations of Independence" Complementary Episodes Episode 037: Kathleen DuVal, Independence Lost Episode 046: John Ferling: Whirlwind: The American Revolution & the War That Won It Episode 085: Bonnie Huskins, American Loyalists in Canada Episode 118: Christy Clark-Pujara, The Business of Slavery in Rhode Island Episode 123: Revolutionary Allegiances Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Early America was a diverse place. It contained many different people who had many different traditions that informed how they lived…and died. How did early Americans understand death? What did they think about suicide? Terri Snyder, a Professor of American Studies at California State University, Fullerton and author of The Power to Die: Slavery and Suicide in British North America, helps us answer these questions, and more, as she takes us on an exploration of slavery and suicide in British North America. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/125 Sponsor Links Delanceyplace.com Excerpt from Slavery's Capitalism Complementary Episodes Episode 008: Greg O’Malley, Final Passages the Intercolonial Slave Trade Episode 064: Brett Rushforth, Native American Slavery in New France Episode 070: Jennifer Morgan, How Historians Research Episode 079: Jim Horn, What is a Historic Source? (Colonial Jamestown) Episode 089: Jessica Millward, Slavery & Freedom in Early Maryland Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What did the American Revolution mean and achieve? What sort of liberty and freedom did independence grant Americans and which Americans should receive them? Americans grappled with these questions soon after the American Revolution. They debated these issues during the Constitutional Convention of 1787, in the first congresses, and as they followed events in revolutionary France and Haiti during the 1790s and early 1800s. James Alexander Dun, an Assistant Professor of History at Princeton University and author of Dangerous Neighbors: Making the Haitian Revolution in Early America, joins us to explore the ways the Haitian Revolution shaped how Americans viewed their own revolution. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/124 Sponsor Links Delanceyplace.com Excerpt from 10 Feb 2017: "How New Amsterdam Became New York" Complementary Episodes Episode 007: Sara Georgini, John Adams & the Adams Papers Documentary Project Episode 016: Alan Taylor, The Internal Enemy Episode 017: François Furstenberg, When the United States Spoke French Episode 052: Ronald A. Johnson, Early United States-Haitian Relations Episode 123: Revolutionary Allegiances Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In December 1773, the Cape Cod Tea Crisis revealed that the people of “radical” Massachusetts were far from united in their support for the American Revolution. An observation that leads us to wonder: How many Americans supported the Patriot cause? In this episode we speak with four scholars to explore the complexities of political allegiance during the American Revolution. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/123 About the Series The mission of episodes in the Doing History: To the Revolution series is to ask not just “what is the history of the American Revolution?” but “what are the histories of the American Revolution?” Episodes in this series will air beginning in Fall 2017. The Doing History series is part of a partnership between Ben Franklin’s World and the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture. Be sure to check out Doing History season 1: Doing History: How Historians Work. Bonus Content Episode Bibliography OI Reader Complementary Episodes Episode 007: Sara Georgini, John Adams and the Adams Papers Editorial Project Episode 014: Claudio Saunt, West of the American Revolution Episode 016: Alan Taylor, The Internal Enemy Episode 018: Danielle Allen, Our Declaration Episode 025: Jessica Parr, The Invention of George Whitefield Episode 037: Kathleen DuVal, Independence Lost Episode 085: Bonnie Huskins, American Loyalists in Canada Episode 088: Michael McDonnell, The History of History Writing Episode 112: Mary Beth Norton, The Tea Crisis of 1773 Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Did the Americans win the War for Independence? Or did the British simply lose the war? The history of the American War for Independence is complicated. And history books tell many different versions of the event, which is why we need an expert to guide us through the intricacies of whether we should look at the war as an American victory, a British defeat, or in some other light. Andrew O’Shaughnessy, author of The Men Who Lost America: British Leadership, the American Revolution, and the Fate of the Empire, joins us to explore British viewpoints of the American War for Independence. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/122 Georgian Papers Programme Georgian Papers Programme Draft of a message of abdication from George III to the Parliament Sponsor Links Cornell University Press Critical Edition of Cadwallader Colden’s The History of Five Indian Nations Episode 109: John Dixon, The Enlightenment of Cadwallader Colden Complementary Episodes Episode 026: Robert Middlekauff, George Washington’s Revolution Episode 046: John Ferling, Whirlwind: The American Revolution & the War That Won It Episode 112: Mary Beth Norton, The Tea Crisis of 1773 Episode 119: Steve Pincus, The Heart of the Declaration Bonus: Stamp Act Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Spanish, French, and English played large roles in the origins of colonial America. But so too did the Dutch. During the 17th century, they had a “moment" in which they influenced European colonization and development of the Atlantic World. Wim Klooster, a Professor of History at Clark University and author of The Dutch Moment: War, Trade, and Settlement in the Seventeenth Century Atlantic World, guides us through Dutch contributions to the Atlantic World. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/121 Sponsor Links Cornell University Press Joyce D. Goodfriend, Who Should Rule at Home? Complementary Episodes Episode 008: Greg O'Malley, Final Passages: The Intercolonial Slave Trade of British America Episode 021: Eugene Tesdahl, Smuggling in Colonial America & Living History Episode 049: Malcolm Gaskill, How the English Became American Episode 051: Catherine Cangany, Frontier Seaport: A History of Early Detroit Episode 064: Brett Rushforth, Native American Slavery in New France Episode 079: James Horn, What is a Historical Source? (Colonial Jamestown) Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

How do you build colonies without women? Most of the colonial adventurers from England and France who set out for Jamestown, New France, and colonial Louisiana were men. But how do you build and sustain societies and spread European culture—in essence, fulfill the promises of a colonial program—without women? You can’t. Which is why Marcia Zug, a Professor of Law at the University of South Carolina Law School and author of Buying a Bride: An Engaging History of Mail Order Matches, joins us to explore one of the solutions that England and France used to build their North American colonies: mail order bride programs. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/120 Sponsor Links Cornell University Press Brian Rouleau, With Sails Whitening Every Sea Complementary Episodes Episode 036: Abby Swingen, Competing Visions of Empire Episode 049: Malcolm Gaskill, How the English Became American Episode 064: Brett Rushforth, Native American Slavery in New France Episode 079: James Horn, What is a Historical Source? (Colonial Jamestown) Episode 108: Ann Little, The Many Captivities of Esther Wheelwright Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

On June 7, 1776, Richard Henry Lee of Virginia moved that the Second Continental Congress resolve “that these United Colonies are, and of right out to be, free and independent States…” The Second Continental Congress adopted Lee’s motion and on June 11, 1776, it appointed a committee to draft a declaration of independence. Today, Steve Pincus, the Bradford Durfee Professor of History at Yale University and author of The Heart of the Declaration: The Founders’ Case for an Activist Government, leads us on an investigation of the Declaration of Independence and the context in which the founders drafted it. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/119 Episode Sponsor Links Cornell University Press Julie Fisher and David Silverman, Ninigret, Sachem of the Niantics and Narragansetts Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Complementary Episodes Episode 018: Danielle Allen, Our Declaration Episode 062: Carol Berkin, The Bill of Rights Episode 113: Brian Murphy, Building the Empire State (Political Economy) Episode 117: Annette Gordon-Reed, The Life and Ideas of Thomas Jefferson *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

How did the smallest colony and smallest state in the union became the largest American participant in the slave trade? Christy Clark-Pujara, an Assistant Professor in the Department of African-American Studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and author of Dark Work: The Business of Slavery in Rhode Island, joins us to explore the history of Rhode Island and New England’s involvement with slavery. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/118 Sponsor Links Cornell University Press Episode 040: Kathleen Bartoloni-Tuazon, For Fear of an Elective King Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Complementary Episodes Episode 008: Greg O'Malley, Final Passages: The Intercolonial Slave Trade of British America Episode 036: Abby Swingen, Competing Visions of Empire Episode 064: Brett Rushforth, Native American Slavery in New France Episode 083: Jared Hardesty, Unfreedom: Slavery in Colonial Boston Bonus: Lonnie Bunch, History & Historians in the Public (National Museum of African American History and Culture) *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Thomas Jefferson wrote about liberty and freedom and yet owned over six hundred slaves during his lifetime. He’s a founder who many of us have a hard time understanding. This why we need an expert to lead us through his life, so we can better understand who Jefferson was and how he came to his seemingly paradoxical ideas about slavery and freedom. Annette Gordon-Reed, a professor of history and legal history at Harvard University and the winner of the National Book Award and Pulitzer Prize for her work on Thomas Jefferson and the Hemings Family, leads us on an exploration through the life and ideas of Thomas Jefferson. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/117 Sponsor Links Cornell University Press Margaret Newell, Brethren by Nature Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Complementary Episodes Episode 027: Lisa Wilson, A History of Stepfamilies in Early America Episode 026: Robert Middlekauff, George Washington's Revolution Episode 033: Douglas Bradburn, George Washington and His Library Episode 061: Edward Larson, George Washington in Retirement Episode 096: Nicholas Guyatt, The Origins of Racial Segregation in the United States Episode 107: Mary Sarah Bilder, Madison's Hand Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

When we think of the French and Indian, or Seven Years’ War, we often think of battles: The Monongahela, Ticonderoga, Québec. Yet, wars aren’t just about battles. They’re about people and governments too. In this episode, we explore a very different aspect of the French and Indian or Seven Years’ War. We explore the war through the lens of disease and medicine and how disease prompted the British government to take steps to keep its soldiers healthy. Our guide for this investigation is Erica Charters, an Associate Professor of the History of Medicine at the University of Oxford and author of Disease, War, and the Imperial State: The Welfare of British Armed Forces during the Seven Years’ War. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/048 Sponsor Links Cornell University Press Episode 109: John Dixon, The Enlightenment of Cadwallader Colden Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Complementary Episodes Episode 060: David Preston, Braddock’s Defeat Episode 086: George Goodwin, Benjamin Franklin in London Episode 091: Gregory Dowd, Rumors, Legends, and Hoaxes in Early America Episode 108: Ann Little, The Many Captivities of Esther Wheelwright *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Like many states in the south and west, Texas has an interesting early American past that begins with Native American settlement followed by Spanish colonization. It's also a state that was an independent nation before being admitted to the United States. Today we explore Texas’ intriguing early American history with Andrew Torget, an Assistant Professor of History at the University of North Texas and author of Seeds of Empire: Cotton, Slavery, and the Transformation of the Texas Borderlands, 1800-1850. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/115 Sponsor Links Cornell University Press Episode 046: Ken Miller, Dangerous Guests Episode 047: Emily Conroy-Krutz, Christian Imperialism Complementary Episodes Episode 067: John Ryan Fischer, Environmental History of Early California & Hawaii Episode 075: Rinker Buck, The Oregon Trail Episode 090: Caitlin Fitz, Age of Revolutions Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Throughout the “Doing History: How Historians Work” series we’ve explored how historians find and research historical topics, how they identify and read historical sources for information, and how they publish their findings so others can know what they know about the past. But not all historians work to publish their findings about history in books and articles. Some historians work to convey knowledge about history to the public in public spaces and in public ways. Therefore, we conclude the “Doing History: How Historians Work” series with a look at how historians do history for the public with guest historian Lonnie Bunch, the Founding Director of the Smithsonian’s National Museum of African American History and Culture. About the Series “Doing History” episodes will introduce you to historians who will tell you what they know about the past and reveal how they came to their knowledge. Each episode will air on the last Tuesday of each month in 2016. This series is part of a partnership between Ben Franklin’s World and the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture. Partner Links Omohundro Institute OI Reader Doing History series Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/museums Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Complementary Episodes Episode 011: Jessica Baumert, The Woodlands Historic Site of Philadelphia Episode 028: Janice Fontanella, The Erie Canal (Schoharie Crossing State Historic Site) Episode 033: Douglas Bradburn, George Washington & His Library Episode 035: Michael Lord, Historic Hudson Valley & Washington Irving Episode 041: Bruno Paul Stenson, Canada & the American Revolution (Château Ramesay) Episode 079: Jim Horn, What is a Historical Source? (Historic Jamestown) Episode 103: Sara Bon-Harper, James Monroe and His Highland Estate Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

History has a history and genealogy has a history. And the histories of both affect how and why we study the past and how we understand and view it. Today, we explore why it’s important for us to understand that the practices and processes of history and genealogy have histories by exploring what the history of genealogy reveals about the early American past. Our guide for this exploration is Karin Wulf, a Professor of History at the College of William & Mary and the Director of the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture. About the Series “Doing History” episodes will introduce you to historians who will tell you what they know about the past and reveal how they came to their knowledge. Each episode will air on the last Tuesday of each month in 2016. This series is part of a partnership between Ben Franklin’s World and the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/114 Partner Links Omohundro Institute OI Reader Doing History series Karin's article "Bible, King, and Common Law" is available on the OI Reader Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Complementary Episodes Episode 070: Jennifer Morgan, How Historians Research Episode 084, Zara Anishanslin, How Historians Read Historical Sources Episode 110: Joshua Taylor, How Genealogists Research Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

After seven, long years of occupation, Americans found New York City in shambles after the British evacuation on November 25, 1783. Ten to twenty-five percent of the city had burned in 1776. The British used just about every building that remained to billet officers, soldiers, refugees, and their horses. Plus more refugees and animals crammed into vacant lots, streets, and alleyways. New York City stood in need of a lot of repair. Which raises the question: How did New Yorkers rebuild New York City? Where did they get the money to rebuild, improve, and encourage the economic development that would transform the city into the thriving metropolis and economic hub that it would be come? Brian Murphy, an Associate Professor of History at Rutgers University-Newark, takes us through part of this amazing story with details from his book Building the Empire State: Political Economy in the Early Republic. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/113 Episode Sponsor Cornell University Press Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Complementary Episodes Episode 028: Janice Fontanella, The Erie Canal Episode 088: Michael McDonnell, The History of History Writing (What is Historiography) Episode 111: Jonathan Eacott, India in the Making of Britain and America Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

On December 16, 1773, the colonists of Boston threw 342 chests of English East India Company tea into Boston Harbor, an act we remember as the “Boston Tea Party.” Have you ever wondered what drove the Bostonians to destroy the tea? Or whether they considered any other less destructive options for their protest? Mary Beth Norton, the Mary Donlon Alger Professor of American History at Cornell University, takes us through the Tea Crisis of 1773. About the Series Episodes in the “Doing History: To the Revolution” series explore the American Revolution and how what we know about it and how our view of it has changed over time. Episodes will air in 2017. The “Doing History” series is part of a partnership between Ben Franklin’s World and the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture. Be sure to check out season 1, “Doing History: How Historians Work.” Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/048 Helpful Show Links OI Reader Tablet app for extra "Doing History" articles and guides Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Complementary Episodes Episode 088: Michael McDonnell, The History of History Writing Episode 098: Gautham Rao, Brith of the American Tax Man Episode 105: Joshua Piker, How Historians Publish History Episode 106: Jane Kamensky, The World of John Singleton Copley Episode 111: Jonathan Eacott, India in the Making of Britain and America, 1700-1830 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Neither colonial North America nor the United States developed apart from the rest of the world. Since their founding, both the colonies and the United States have participated in the politics, economics, and cultures of the Atlantic World. And every so often, the politics, economics, and cultures of lands in the Pacific and Indian Oceans intersected with and influenced those of the Atlantic World. That’s why today, we’re going to explore the origins of the English trade with India and how that trade connected and intersected with the English North American colonies. Our guide for this investigation is Jonathan Eacott, an Associate Professor of History at the University of California, Riverside and author of Selling Empire: India in the Making of Britain and America, 1700-1830. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/111 Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Episode Sponsor Cornell University Press Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Complementary Episodes Episode 012: Dane Morrison, True Yankees Episode 015: Joyce Chaplin, Voyage Round the Earth Episode 049: Malcolm Gaskill, Between Two Worlds Episode 079: James Horn, What is a Historical Source? (Jamestown) Episode 095: Rose Doherty, A Tale of Two Bostons *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

History tells us who we are and how we came to be who we are. Like history, genealogy studies people. It’s a field of study that can tell us who we are in a more exact sense by showing us how our ancestral lines connect from one generation to the next. In this episode of the “Doing History: How Historians Work” seres, we investigate the world of genealogical research with Joshua Taylor, President of the New York Genealogical and Biographical Society and a professional genealogist. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/110 Genealogy Resources PDF About the Series “Doing History” episodes will introduce you to historians who will tell you what they know about the past and reveal how they came to their knowledge. Each episode will air on the last Tuesday of each month in 2016. This series is part of a partnership between Ben Franklin’s World and the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture. Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Complementary Episodes Episode 066: Simon Newman, How Historians Find Research Topics Episode 070: Jennifer Morgan: How Historians Research History Episode 075: Peter Drummey, How Archives Work Episode 084: Zara Anishanslin, How Historians Read Historical Sources Episode 092: Sharon Block: How Historians Research Online Episode 097: Billy Smith, How Historians Organize Their Research Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

We’ve heard that the American Revolution took place during a period called “the Enlightenment.” But what was the Enlightenment? Was it an intellectual movement? A social movement? A scientific movement? Today, John Dixon, an Assistant Professor of History at CUNY-College of Staten Island, leads us on an exploration of the Enlightenment by taking us through the life of Cadwallader Colden, the subject of his book The Enlightenment of Cadwallader Colden: Empire, Science, and Intellectual Culture in British New York. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/109 Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Episode Sponsor Cornell University Press Complementary Episodes Episode 021: Eugene Tesdahl, Smuggling in Colonial America & Living History Episode 051: Catherine Cangany, Frontier Seaport: A History of Early Detroit Episode 082: Alejandra Dubcovsky, Information & Communication in the Early American South Episode 086: George Goodwin, Benjamin Franklin in London Episode 104: Andrew Lipman, The Saltwater Frontier: Europeans & Native Americans on the Northeastern Coast *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Colonial America comprised many different cultural and political worlds. Most colonial Americans inhabited just one world, but today, we’re going to explore the life of a woman who lived in THREE colonial American worlds: Frontier New England, Northeastern Wabanaki, and Catholic New France. Ann Little, an Associate Professor of History at Colorado State University and the author of The Many Captivities of Esther Wheelwright, leads us through the remarkable life of Esther Wheelwright, a woman who experienced colonial America as a Puritan New English girl, Wabanaki daughter, and Ursuline nun in Catholic New France. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/108 Episode Sponsor Cornell University Press Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Complementary Episodes Episode 041: Bruno Paul Stenson, Canada & the American Revolution Episode 064: Brett Rushforth, Native American Slavery in New France Episode 073: Mark Noll, The Bible in Early America Episode 084: Zara Anishanslin: How Historians Read Historical Sources Episode 104: Andrew Lipman, The Saltwater Frontier: Europeans & Native Americans on the Northeastern Coast *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

When politicians, lawyers, and historians discuss the Constitutional Convention of 1787, they often rely on two sources: The promotional tracts collectively known as the Federalist Papers and James Madison’s Notes of the Constitutional Convention. But what do we really know about Madison’s Notes? Did Madison draft them to serve as a definitive account of the Constitutional Convention? Today, we explore James Madison’s Notes on the Constitutional Convention with award-winning legal historian Mary Sarah Bilder, the Founders Professor of Law at Boston College and author of Madison’s Hand: Revising the Constitutional Convention. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/107 Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Complementary Episodes Episode 055: Robb Haberman, John Jay: Forgotten Founder Episode 057: Max Edling, War, Money, and the American State, 1783-1867 Episode 061: Ed Larson, George Washington in Retirement Episode 062: Carol Berkin, The Bill of Rights Episode 084: Zara Anishanslin, How to Historians Read Historical Sources *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What can the life of an artist reveal about the American Revolution and how most American men and women experienced it? Today, we explore the life and times of John Singleton Copley with Jane Kamensky, a Professor of History at Harvard University and the author of A Revolution in Color: The World of John Singleton Copley. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/106 Complementary Books Karin Wulf, Not All Wives: Women of Colonial Philadelphia Alan Taylor, The Divided Ground Alan Taylor, American Revolutions: A Continental History, 1750-1804 Complementary Episodes J.L. Bell, The Boston Stamp Act Riots of 1765 016 Alan Taylor, The Internal Enemy: Slavery and War in Virginia, 1772-1832 046 John Ferling, Whirlwind: The American Revolution and the War that Won It 075 Peter Drummey, How Archives Work (Paul Revere) 083 Jared Hardesty, Slavery in Colonial Boston 085 Bonnie Huskins, American Loyalists in Canada 095 Rose Doherty, Tale of Two Bostons Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What do historians do with their research once they finish writing about it? How do historians publish the books and articles we love to read? This episode of our “Doing History: How Historians Work” series, takes us behind-the-scenes of how historians publish their writing about history. Our guide through the world of history publications is Joshua Piker, a Professor of History at the College of William and Mary, and the Editor of the William and Mary Quarterly, the leading journal of early American history and culture. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/105 About the Series “Doing History” episodes will introduce you to historians who will tell you what they know about the past and reveal how they came to their knowledge. Each episode will air on the last Tuesday of each month in 2016. This series is part of a partnership between Ben Franklin’s World and the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/048 Helpful Show Links OI Reader William and Mary Quarterly Kirsten Fischer's Blog Post Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Complementary Episodes 066 Simon Newman, How Historians Find Their Research Topics 079 James Horn, What is a Historical Source? 084 Zara Anishanslin, How Historians Read Historical Sources 088 Michael McDonnell, The History of History Writing 101 John Demos, How Historians Write About History Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

When we think of Native Americans, many of us think of inland dwellers. People adept at navigating forests and rivers and the skilled hunters and horsemen who lived and hunted on the American Plains. But did you know that Native Americans were seafaring mariners too? Today, Andrew Lipman, an Assistant Professor of History at Barnard College, Columbia University and author of The Saltwater Frontier: Indians and the Contest for the American Coast, leads us on an exploration of the northeastern coastline and of the Native American and European peoples who lived there during the seventeenth century. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/104 Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Complementary Episodes Episode 082: Alejandra Dubcovsky , Information & Communication in the Early American South Episode 095: Rose Doherty, Tale of Two Bostons *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

On April 30, 1789, George Washington became the first President of the United States. Between 1789 and 1825, five men would serve as president. Four of them hailed from Virginia. Many of us know details about the lives and presidencies of Washington, Jefferson, and Madison. But what do we know about the life and presidency of the fourth Virginia president, James Monroe? Today, we explore the public and private life of James Monroe with Sara Bon-Harper, Executive Director of James Monroe’s Highland, the 535-acre farm and home of James Monroe. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/103 Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In the Treaty of Paris, 1783, Great Britain offered the new United States generous terms that included lands in between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River. Why did the biggest empire with the greatest army and navy concede so much to a new nation? Because George Rogers Clark and his men seized the Illinois Country and held it during the American War for Independence. Today, William Nester, a Professor of Government and Politics at St. John’s University and author of George Rogers Clark: ‘I Glory in War,’ leads us on an exploration of the life and deeds of George Rogers Clark. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/102 Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Complementary Episodes Episode 037: Kathleen DuVal, Independence Lost: Lives on the Edge of the American Revolution Episode 081: Don Glickstein, After Yorktown: The Final Struggle for American Independence Episode 082: Alejandra Dubcovsky, Information & Communication in the Early American South Episode 091: Gregory Dowd, Rumors, Legends, & Hoaxes in Early America *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

How do historians write about the people, places, and events they’ve studied in historical sources? We continue our “Doing History: How Historians Work” series by investigating how historians write about history. Our guide for this investigation is John Demos, the Samuel Knight Professor of History Emeritus at Yale University and an award-winning historian. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/101 About the Series “Doing History” episodes will introduce you to historians who will tell you what they know about the past and reveal how they came to their knowledge. Each episode will air on the last Tuesday of each month in 2016. This series is part of a partnership between Ben Franklin’s World and the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture. Helpful Show Links How Historians Write PDF Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Complementary Episodes Episode 008: Greg O'Malley, Final Passages: The Intercolonial Slave Trade of British America Episode 016: Alan Taylor, The Internal Enemy Episode 064: Brett Rushforth, Native American Slavery in New France Episode 099: Mark Hanna: Pirates & Pirates Nests in the British Atlantic World Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Wow! Ben Franklin’s World has made it to episode 100. How do we celebrate and mark this special occasion? By your request, host Liz Covart answers your questions about history, podcasting, and time travel. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/100 Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ask the Historian Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Pirates are alive and well in our popular culture. Thanks to movies like Pirates of the Caribbean and television shows like Black Sails, we see pirates as peg-legged, eye-patch wearing, rum-drinking men. But are these representations accurate? What do we really know about pirates? In this episode, Mark Hanna, an Associate Professor of History at the University of California, San Diego, and author of the award-winning book Pirate Nests and the Rise of the British Empire, 1570-1740, helps us fill in the gaps in our knowledge to better understand who pirates were and why they lived the pirate’s life. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/099 Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ask the Historian Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Could customs collectors, the tax men of early America, be the unsung founders of the early United States? Today, we explore the creation of the United States customs service and its contributions to the establishment of the federal government with Gautham Rao, an Assistant Professor of History at American University and author of National Duties: Custom Houses and the Making of the American State. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/098 Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ask the Historian Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What do historians do with all of the information they collect when they research? How do they access their research in a way that allows them to find the information they need to write the books and articles we enjoy reading? Billy Smith, a Professor of History at Montana State University, joins us as part of our “Doing History: How Historians Work” series to lead us on an exploration of how historians organize and access their research. About the Series “Doing History” episodes will introduce you to historians who will tell you what they know about the past and reveal how they came to their knowledge. Each episode will air on the last Tuesday of each month in 2016. This series is part of a partnership between Ben Franklin’s World and the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/097 Helpful Show Links How to Organize Your Research Companion Resource Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Ever wonder how the United States’ problem with race developed and why early American reformers didn’t find a way to fix it during the earliest days of the republic? Today, Nicholas Guyatt, author of Bind Us Apart: How Enlightened Americans Invented Racial Segregation, leads us on an exploration of how and why the idea of separate but equal developed in the early United States. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/096 Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ask the Historian Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The City Upon a Hill. The Athens of America. The Cradle of Liberty. Boston has many names because it has played important roles in the history of North America. But how did Boston, or “The Hub,” come to be? Why did the Puritans who sailed from England in 1630, choose to settle in Massachusetts Bay on the Shawmut Peninsula? What were their early days like? Today, we explore answers to those questions by exploring the history of the two Bostons—Boston, England & Boston, New England— during the 17th century with Rose Doherty, President of the Partnership of Historic Bostons. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/095 Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ask the Historian Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Who are you friends with? Why are you friends with your friends? In the early American republic, men and women formed and maintained friendships for many of the same reasons we make friends today: companionship, shared interests, and, in some cases, because they helped expand thinking and social circles. Today, we explore friendship in the early American republic. Specifically, we investigate what it was like for men and women to form and maintain friendships with each other. Our guide for this exploration is Cassandra Good, author of Founding Friendships: Friendships Between Men & Women in the Early American Republic. Show Notes: http://www.benfranklinsworld.com/094 Helpful Show Links Help Support Ben Franklin's World Crowdfunding Campaign Ask the Historian Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices