Ben Franklin's World

King Philip’s War is an event that appears over and over again in books about colonial America. So when you have an event that has been as studied as King Philip’s War has been, is there anything new that we can learn about it by re-examining it in our own time? Lisa Brooks, an Associate Professor of English and American Studies at Amherst College believes the answer to this question is “yes.” And today, she’s going to help us re-examine and re-think what we know about King Philip’s War by introducing us to new people, new ways we can look at known historical sources, and to different ways we can think about what we know about this event with details from her book Our Beloved Kin: A New History of King Philip’s War. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/191 Meet Ups Boston History Camp, July 7 Boston Meet Up: July 8, 10am Meet at the corner of Park Street and Tremont Street on Boston Common Cleveland Meet Up: Saturday July 21 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute The Great Courses Plus (Free Trial) Complementary Episodes Episode 053: Emerson W. Baker, A Storm of Witchcraft Episode 104: Andrew Lipman, The Saltwater Frontier: Europeans and Native Americans on the Northeastern Coast Episode 181: Virginia DeJohn Anderson, The Martyr and the Traitor Episode 184: David Silverman, Thundersticks Episode 189: Sam White, The Little Ice Age Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

As many as 70 percent of Americans consider themselves to be members of the middle class. But if you consider income as a qualifier for membership, only about 50 percent of Americans qualify for membership. So what does it meant to be middle class and why do so many Americans want to be members of it? Jennifer Goloboy, an independent scholar based in Minneapolis, Minnesota and the author of Charleston and the Emergence of Middle-Class Culture in the Revolutionary Era, helps us explore the origins of the American middle class so we can better understand what it is and why so many Americans want to be a part of it. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/190 Meet Ups Boston History Camp, July 7 Boston Meet Up: July 8, 10am Meet at the corner of Park Street and Tremont Street on Boston Common Cleveland Meet Up: Saturday July 21 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute Susan Sleeper-Smith, Indigenous Prosperity and American Conquest: Indian Women of the Ohio River Valley, 1690-1792 Join the BFWorld listener community on Facebook Complementary Episodes Episode 012: Dane Morrison, True Yankees: The South Seas & the Discovery of American Identity Episode 098: Gautham Rao, Birth of the American Tax Man Episode 126: Rebecca Brannon, The Reintegration of American Loyalists Episode 133: Patrick Breen, The Nat Turner Revolt Episode 159: The Revolutionary Economy Episode 161: Smuggling in the American Revolution Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

We’re living in a period of climate change. Our Earth has been getting warmer since the mid-19th century. So how will humans adapt to and endure this period of global warming? Will they adapt to it and endure? It turns out the people of early America also lived through a period of climate change and their experiences may hold some answers for us. Sam White, an Associate Professor at The Ohio State University and author of A Cold Welcome: The Little Ice Age and Europe’s Encounter, joins us to explore the Little Ice Age and how it impacted initial European exploration and colonization of North America. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/189 Meet Ups Boston History Camp Boston Meet Up: July 8, 10am Meet at the corner of Park Street and Tremont Street on Boston Common Cleveland Meet Up: Saturday July 21 Episode 200 Tell Liz what would you like to know about early American history? Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute The Great Courses Plus (Free Trial) Complementary Episodes Episode 015: Joyce Chaplin, Round About the Earth Episode 049: Malcolm Gaskill, How the English Became America Episode 079: James Horn, What Are Historical Sources (Colonial Jamestown) Episode 116: Erica Charters, Disease & the Seven Years’ War Episode 127: Caroline Winterer, American Enlightenments Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Alien and Sedition Acts consisted of four laws enacted by the United States government in 1798. The United States passed these laws during a time of great uncertainty, a time when many Americans feared for the very survival for their nation. But why did Americans fear for the United States’ existence and why did they think four laws that limited citizenship and freedom of speech would protect and secure their young republic? Terri Halperin, an instructor at the University of Richmond and author of The Alien and Sedition Acts of 1798: Testing the Constitution, will help us find answers to these questions by taking us through the Alien and Sedition Acts and how they came to be. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/188 Send Liz your questions about early American history for Episode 200! Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute Children of Uncertain Fortune (Use promo code 01DAH40 to save 40 percent) Complementary Episodes Episode 007: John Adams and the Adams Papers Documentary Editing Project Episode 017: François Furstenberg, When the United States Spoke French Episode 052: Ronald Johnson, Early United States-Haitian Diplomacy Episode 076: Nathan Perl-Rosenthal, Citizen Sailors: Becoming American in the Age of Revolution Episode 165: The Age of Revolutions Episode 167: Eberhard Faber, The Early History of New Orleans Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Our present-day American culture is obsessed with sports. To cite just two pieces of evidence of this, on average, more than 67,000 fans attend each National Football League game and more than 30,000 fans attend each Major League Baseball game. This is to say nothing of the millions of fans who watch these sports on television or listen to them on the radio. When did America become a place filled with sports nuts? When did the business of professional sports become a thing in the United States? Early American history has answers for us as does Kenneth Cohen, a curator at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History and the author of They Will Their Game: Sporting Culture and the Making of the American Republic. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/187 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute Audible.com (30-Day Free Trial and 1 Free Audiobook) Complementary Episodes Episode 135: Julie Holcomb, Moral Commerce: The Transatlantic Boycott of the Slave Labor Economy Episode 136: Jennifer Van Horn, Material Culture and the Making of America Episode 140: Tamara Thornton, Nathaniel Bowditch: 19th-Century Man of Business, Science, and the Sea Episode 144: Robert Parkinson, The Common Cause of the American Revolution Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

As a result of Great Britain’s victory in the Seven Years’ War, British North America expanded so that it stretched from the Atlantic seaboard west to the Mississippi River and from Hudson Bay and the Gulf of St. Lawrence south to Florida. Plus, it also included islands in the Caribbean. How exactly would Great Britain, centered on a small island over 3,000 miles away, govern this new, expanded North American empire? Max Edelson, an Associate Professor of History at the University of Virginia and author of The New Map of Empire: How Britain Imagined America Before Independence, helps us explore this question by taking us on an investigation of the Board of Trade and its General Survey of North America. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/186 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute American Baroque (Use promo code 01DAH40 to save 40 percent) Complementary Episodes Bonus: Mapping America’s War for Independence Episode 151: Defining the American Revolution Episode 152: Origins of the American Revolution Episode 162: Dunmore’s New World: The British Empire and the American Revolution Episode 177: Martin Brückner, The Social Life of Maps in America Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Who should determine our culture and the morals our society follows? Culture, or the intellectual achievements, attitudes, and behaviors of our particular places and social groups, is all around us. It impacts how we think and act as members of families, local communities, states, and nations. Culture is important. So how do we establish culture? Who sets the unwritten social rules and ideas that we adopt and live by? Joyce Goodfriend, a professor of history at the University of Denver and author of Who Should Rule at Home? Confronting the Elite in British New York City, helps us investigate these questions by taking us through the history of early New York City and how its culture evolved between 1664 and 1776. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/185 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute Listener Survey Complementary Episodes Episode 009: Peter G. Rose, How the Dutch Brought Us Santa, Presents, and Treats Episode 020: Kyle T. Bulthuis, Four Steeples Over the City Streets Episode 104: Andrew Lipman, The Saltwater Frontier: Europeans & Native Americans on the Northeastern Coast Episode 121: Wim Klooster, The Dutch Moment in the 17th-Century Atlantic World Episode 159: The Revolutionary Economy Episode 161: Smuggling and the American Revolution Episode 182: Douglas Winiarski, The Great Awakening in New England Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Early North America was a place rife with violent conflict. Between the 17th and 19th centuries we see a lot of conflict between different Native American peoples, Native American peoples and colonists, colonists from one empire versus colonists from another empire, settlers from one state quarreling with settlers from another state, and in the 19th century, we also see strife between Americans, Canadians, and Mexicans. Today, we’re going to explore some of the causes of the violent conflict that took place in early America by looking specifically at Native America and the ways Native Americans used guns to shape their lives and the course of North American colonial and indigenous history. Our guide for this exploration is David J. Silverman, a professor of history at George Washington University and the author of Thundersticks: Firearms and the Violent Transformation of Native America. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/184 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute BFWorld Listener Survey Complementary Episodes Episode 064: Brett Rushforth: Native American Slavery in New France Episode 104: Andrew Lipman, The Saltwater Frontier: Europeans and Native Americans along the Northeastern Coast Episode 163: The American Revolution in North America Episode 171: Jessica Stern, Native Americans, British Colonists, and Trade in North America Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

George Washington played three very important public roles during his lifetime. He served as the Commander in Chief of the Continental Army, the President of the Constitutional Convention, and as the first President of the United States. In addition to these important public roles, Washington also played a role that was very important to him. He served as a farmer and agricultural innovator. Douglas Bradburn, the CEO and President of George Washington’s Mount Vernon, joins us so we can explore the history of Washington’s storied estate and his agricultural practices. Plus, we’ll also discover all that Mount Vernon has to offer us as a historic site. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/183 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute Listener Survey Complementary Episodes Episode 033: Douglas Bradburn, George Washington & His Library Episode 060: David Preston, Braddock’s Defeat Episode 061: Edward Larson, George Washington in Retirement Episode 077: Rinker Buck, The Oregon Trail Episode 103: Sara Bon-Harper, James Monroe & His Highland Estate Episode 137: Erica Dunbar, The Washingtons’ Runaway Slave Ona Judge Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What was it like to live through an extraordinary time? The 1740s and 1750s proved to be an extraordinary time for many ordinary New Englanders. It was a period when itinerant preachers swept through the region and asked its people to question the fundamental assumptions of their religion: What did it mean to be a Puritan? What did it mean to be a Protestant Christian? Douglas Winiarski, a Professor of American Studies and Religious Studies at the University of Richmond and the author of the Bancroft prize-winning book, Darkness Falls on the Land of Light: Experiencing Religious Awakenings in Eighteenth-Century New England, helps us explore the religious landscape of New England during the 18th century and how New Englanders answered these powerful questions during the extraordinary period known as the Great Awakening. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/182 Listener Meet up Las Vegas Meet up: Saturday April 21, 4pm, Wyndham Grand Desert Hotel Lobby Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute Listener Survey BFWorld Amazon Alexa Skill OI Reader--Bonus Content and Sample Chapters from Darkness Falls on the Land of Light Complementary Episodes Episode 025: Jessica Parr, Inventing George Whitefield Episode 073: Mark Noll, The Bible in Early America Episode 135: Julie Holcomb, Moral Commerce: The Transatlantic Boycott of the Slave Labor Economy Episode 166: Freedom and the American Revolution Episode 169: Thomas Kidd, The Religious Life of Benjamin Franklin Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Why did early Americans choose to become patriots or loyalists during the American Revolution? How did they make the decision to either stand with or against their neighbors? Did political beliefs really drive them to support one side of the imperial conflict over the other? In this episode, we explore answers to these questions about how and why Americans chose to support the sides they did during the American Revolution, by looking at the lives of two young soldiers from Connecticut: Moses Dunbar and Nathan Hale. Taking us through the lives, politics, and decisions of these young men is Virginia DeJohn Anderson, a professor of history at the University of Colorado-Boulder and author of The Martyr and the Traitor: Nathan Hale, Moses Dunbar, and the American Revolution. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/181 Listener Meet ups Sacramento Meet up: Saturday April 14, 4pm, Firestone Public House Las Vegas Meet up: Saturday April 21, 4pm, Wyndham Grand Desert Hotel Lobby Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute Listener Survey Ben Franklin’s World Amazon Alexa Skill Complementary Episodes Bonus: J.L. Bell, The Boston Stamp Act Riots Episode 112: Mary Beth Norton, The Tea Crisis of 1773 Episode 123: Revolutionary Allegiances Episode 129: J.L. Bell, The Road to Concord, 1775 Episode 130: Paul Revere’s Ride Through History Episode 152: Bernard Bailyn, Origins of the American Revolution Episode 172: Kenneth Daigler, American Intelligence in the Revolutionary War Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The legacy of Alexander Hamilton tells us that he was Thomas Jefferson’s political rival, a man who fought to secure strong powers for the national government, and the first Secretary of the Treasury. What Hamilton’s legacy doesn’t tell us is that he also fought for states rights and championed civil liberties for all Americans, even those Americans who had supported the British during the American Revolution. Kate Elizabeth Brown, an Assistant Professor of History and Political Science at Huntington University in Indiana and author of Alexander Hamilton and the Development of American Law, joins us to explore more about the Alexander Hamilton we don’t know, the Hamilton who helped develop American law. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/180 Listener Meet ups Sacramento Meet up: Saturday April 14, 4pm, Firestone Public House Las Vegas Meet up: Saturday April 21, 4pm, Wyndham Grand Desert Hotel Lobby Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute Listener Survey BFWorld Amazon Alexa Skill Complementary Episodes Episode 057: Max Edling, War, Money, and the American State Episode 098: Gautham Rao, Birth of the American Tax Man Episode 113: Brian Murphy, Building the Empire State Episode 179: George Van Cleve, The Articles of Confederation Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Douglas Winiarski answers your questions about religion in early New England with details from his book, Darkness Falls on the Land of Light: Experiencing Religious Awakenings in Eighteenth-Century New England. Darkness Falls on the Land of Light is the story of how ordinary New Englanders living through extraordinary times ended up giving birth to today’s evangelical movement. Doug performed a close reading of letters, diaries, and testimonies to write this book and his outstanding scholarship in this book was recognized with a 2018 Bancroft Prize. Download the FREE OI Reader app for Bonus Content and Sample Chapters from Darkness Falls on the Land of Light Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Confederation period is one of the most neglected aspects of United States History. And yet, it’s a very important period. Between 1781 and 1789, the Confederation Congress established by the Articles of Confederation had to deal with war, economic depression, infighting between the states, trouble in the west, foreign meddling, and domestic insurrection. It’s a critical period where no one knew whether the United States would survive as an independent nation. George William Van Cleve, a researcher in law and history at the University of Seattle Law School and author of We Have Not A Government: The Articles of Confederation and the Road to the Constitution, takes us into the Confederation period so we can discover more about the Articles of Confederation, the government it established, and the problems that government confronted. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/179 *Correction: After production we noticed that in her second question to George, Liz noted the Articles of Confederation has a history that begins in 1787. Liz misspoke. The Second Continental Congress drafted the Articles of Confederation in 1777, ratified them in 1781, and they remained the active constitution of the United States until 1789, when the Constitution of 1787 went into effect on March 4, 1789. Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute Georgian Papers Programme Citizen Transcriber Sign Up Complementary Episodes Episode 018: Danielle Allen, Our Declaration Episode 062: Carol Berkin, The Bill of Rights Episode 107: Mary Sarah Bilder, Madison’s Hand: Revising the Constitutional Convention Episode 119: Steven Pincus: The Heart of the Declaration Episode 141: Drafting the Declaration of Independence Episode 143: Michael Klarman, The Making of the United States Constitution Episode 155: Pauline Maier’s American Revolution Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In 1535, Spanish holdings in the Americas proved so great that the Spanish government created the Viceroyalty of New Spain to govern all territory north of the Isthmus of Panama. The jurisdiction of New Spain included areas of upper and lower California and large areas of the American southwest and southeast, including Florida. Karoline Cook, author of Forbidden Passages: Muslims and Moriscos in Colonial Spanish America, serves as our guide as we explore some of the political, cultural, and religious history of New Spain. Specifically, how Spaniards and Spanish Americans used ideas about Muslims and a group of “new Christian” converts called Moriscos to define who could and should be able to settle and help colonies North America. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/048 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute HelloFresh (Promo Code BFWorld30) Complementary Episodes Episode 082: Alejandra Dubcovsky, Information & Communication in the Early American South Episode 090: Caitlin Fitz, Age of American Revolutions Episode 110: Joshua Taylor, How Genealogists Research Episode 114: Karin Wulf, The History of Genealogy in British North America Episode 139: Andés Reséndez, The Other Slavery: Indian Enslavement in the Americans Episode 161: Smuggling and the American Revolution Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Did you know that maps have social lives? Maps facilitate a lot of different social and political relationships between people and nations. And they did a lot of this work for Americans throughout the early American past. Martin Brückner, a Professor of English at the University of Delaware, joins us to discuss early American maps and early American mapmaking with details from his book The Social Life of Maps in America. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/177 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute The Georgian Papers Programme Citizen Transcriber Sign Up OI Reader App Complementary Episodes Episode 015: Joyce Chaplin, Round About The Earth Episode 050: Marla Miller, Betsy Ross Episode 136: Jennifer Van Horn, Material Culture and the Making of America Episode 138: Patrick Spero, Frontier Politics in Early America Episode 167: Eberhard Faber, The Early History of New Orleans Episode 169: Thomas Kidd, The Religious Life of Benjamin Franklin Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What did it mean to be a person and to also be a commodity in early America? Daina Ramey Berry, author of The Price for Their Pound of Flesh: The Value of the Enslaved, from Womb to Grave, in the Building of a Nation, takes us behind the scenes of her research so we can explore how early Americans valued and commodified enslaved men, women, and children. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/176 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute Georgian Papers Programme Citizen Transcriber Sign-up Complementary Episodes Episode 008: Gregory O’Malley, Final Passages: The Intercolonial Slave Trade in British America, 1619-1807 Episode 016: Alan Taylor, The Internal Enemy, Slavery and War in Virginia, 1772-1832 Episode 070: Jennifer Morgan, How Historians Research Episode 126: Terri Snyder, Death, Suicide, & Slavery in British North America Episode 137: Erica Dunbar, The Washingtons’ Runaway Slave, Ona Judge Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Just how personal was the American Revolution? What could the event and war mean for individual people and families? Daniel Mark Epstein, author of The Loyal Son: The War in Ben Franklin’s House, guides as as we explore what the Revolution meant for Benjamin Franklin and his family and how the Revolution caused a major rift between Franklin and his beloved son, William. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/176 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute Georgian Papers Programme Citizen Transcriber Sign Up Complementary Episodes Episode 001: James Green, The Library Company of Philadelphia Episode 022: Vivian Bruce Conger, Deborah Read Franklin & Sally Franklin Bache Episode 031: Benjamin Franklin and the Papers of Benjamin Franklin Episode 086: George Goodwin, Benjamin Franklin in London Episode 123: Revolutionary Allegiances Episode 138: Patrick Spero, Frontier Politics in Early America Episode 169: Thomas Kidd, The Religious Life of Benjamin Franklin Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

It’s February 2018 and doctors have declared this year’s seasonal flu epidemic as one of the worst to hit the United States in over a decade. Yet this flu epidemic is nothing compared to the yellow fever epidemics that struck the early American republic during the 1790s and early 1800s. So what happened when epidemic diseases took hold in early America? How did early Americans deal with disease and illness? Thomas Apel, author of Feverish Bodies, Enlightened Minds: Science and the Yellow Fever Controversy in the Early American Republic, has some answers for us. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/174 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute The Georgian Papers Programme Become a Citizen Transcriber Complementary Episodes Episode 005: Jeanne Abrams, Revolutionary Medicine Episode 052: Ronald Johnson, Early United States-Haitian Diplomacy Episode 116: Erica Charters, Disease & the Seven Years’ War Episode 124: James Alexander Dun, Making the Haitian Revolution in Early America Episode 164:The American Revolution in the Haitian Revolution Episode 169: Thomas Kidd, The Religious Life of Benjamin Franklin Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The histories of early North America and the Caribbean are intimately intertwined. The same European empires we encounter in our study of early America also appear in the Caribbean. The colonies of these respective empires often traded goods, people, and ideas between each other. Marisa Fuentes, an associate professor of history and women and gender studies at Rutgers University and author of Dispossessed Lives: Enslaved Women, Violence, and the Archive, joins us to explore some of the connections mainland North America and the British Caribbean shared in their practices of slavery in urban towns. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/173 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute Georgian Papers Programme Citizen Transcriber Sign Up Complementary Episodes Episode 066: Simon Newman, How Historians Find Their Research Topics Episode 083: Jared Hardesty, Unfreedom: Slavery in Colonial Boston Episode 084: Zara Anishanslin, How Historians Read Historical Sources Episode 161: Smuggling and the American Revolution Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Intelligence gathering plays an important role in the foreign policies of many modern-day nation states, including the United States. Which raises the questions: How and when did the United States establish its foreign intelligence service? To answer those questions we’ll need to journey back to the American Revolution. Our guide is Kenneth Daigler, an intelligence professional with 33 years experience managing human sources and collection and the author of Spies, Patriots, and Traitors: American Intelligence in the Revolutionary War, will facilitate our mental time travel and exploration of this topic. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/172 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute Georgian Papers Programme Georgian Papers Transcriber Sign-up Complementary Episodes Episode 065: Alexander Rose, Washington’s Spies Episode 129: J.L. Bell, The Road to Concord Episode 130: Paul Revere’s Ride Through History Episode 144: Robert Parkinson, The Common Cause of the Revolution Episode 155: Pauline Maier’s American Revolution Episode 158: The Revolutionaries’ Army Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

History books like to tell us that Native Americans did not fully understand British methods and ideas of trade. Is this really true? Did Native Americans only understand trade as a form of simplistic, gift exchange? Jessica Stern, a Professor of History at California State University, Fullerton and the author of The Lives in Objects: Native Americans, British Colonists, and Cultures of Labor and Exchange in the Southeast, takes us on a journey into the southeast during the early 18th century to show us how trade between Native Americans and British colonists really took place. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/171 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute Hello Fresh (Promo Code: BFWorld30) The Great Courses Plus (Free Trial) Complementary Episodes Episode 056: Daniel J. Tortora, The Anglo-Cherokee War, 1759-1761 Episode 091: Gregory Dowd, Rumors, Hoaxes, and Legends in Early America Episode 104: Andrew Lipmann, The Saltwater Frontier: Europeans & Native Americans on the Northeastern Coast Episode 158: The Revolutionaries’ Army Episode 163: The American Revolution in North America Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

New England was a place with no cash crops. It was a place where many of its earliest settlers came to live just so they could worship their Puritan faith freely. New England was also a place that became known for its strong anti-slavery sentiment during the 19th century. So how did New England also become a place that practiced slavery? Wendy Warren, an Assistant Professor of History at Princeton University and author of the Pulitzer Prize-finalist book New England Bound: Slavery and Colonization in Early America, joins us to explore why New Englanders practiced slavery and just how far back the region’s slave past goes. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/170 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute The Great Courses Plus (Free Trial) Complementary Episodes Episode 064: Brett Rushforth, Native American Slavery in New France Episode 083: Jared Hardesty, Unfreedom: Slavery in Colonial Boston Episode 104: Andrew Lipman, The Saltwater Frontier: Europeans & Native Americans on the Northeastern Coast Episode 118: Christy Pujara-Clark, The Business of Slavery in Rhode Island Episode 139: Andrés Reséndez, The Other Slavery: Indian Enslavement in the Americas Episode 142: Manisha Sinha, A History of Abolition Episode 166: Freedom and the American Revolution Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

We remember Benjamin Franklin as an accomplished printer, scientist, and statesman. Someone who came from humble beginnings and made his own way in the world. Rarely do we remember Franklin as a man of faith. Benjamin Franklin spent more time grappling with questions of religion, faith, virtue, and morality in his writing than about any other topic. Thomas S. Kidd, a Professor of History at Baylor University and author of Benjamin Franklin: The Religious Life of a Founding Father, leads us on a detailed exploration of the religious life of Benjamin Franklin. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/169 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute The Great Courses Plus (Free Trial) Complementary Episodes Episode 001: James Green, The Library Company of Philadelphia Episode 022: Vivian Bruce Conger, Deborah Read Franklin & Sally Franklin Bache Episode 025: Jessica Parr, Inventing George Whitefield Episode 031: Michael Hattem, The Papers of Benjamin Franklin Episode 141: Drafting the Declaration of Independence Episode 149: George Goodwin, Benjamin Franklin in London Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

When we study the history of colonial North America, we tend to focus on European colonists and their rivalries with each other and with Native Americans. But humans weren’t the only living beings occupying North America during the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries. Rivalries existed between humans and animals too. And these human-animal rivalries impacted and shaped how European colonists used and settled North American lands. Andrea Smalley, an associate professor of history at Northern Illinois University and author of Wild By Nature: North American Animals Confront Colonization, joins us to explore the many ways wild animals shaped colonists’ ideas and behavior as they settled and interacted with North American lands. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/168 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute The Great Courses Plus (Free Trial) Complementary Episodes Episode 049: Malcolm Gaskill, How the English Became American Episode 067: John Ryan Fischer, An Environmental History of Early California & Hawaii Episode 079: James Horn, What is a Historical Source? (History of Jamestown) Episode 163: The American Revolution in North America Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The French established New Orleans and the greater colony of Louisiana in 1717. By 1840, New Orleans had become the 3rd largest city in the United States. How did that happen? How did New Orleans transform from a sleepy, minor French outpost into a large and important early American city with a thriving, bustling port? Eberhard “Lo” Faber, an assistant professor of history at Loyola University, New Orleans and the author of Building the Land of Dreams: New Orleans and the Transformation of Early America, leads us on an exploration of the early history of New Orleans. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/167 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute The Great Courses Plus (Free Trial) Complementary Episodes Episode 017: François Furstenberg, How the United States Became French Episode 052: Ronald Johnson, Early United States-Haitian Diplomacy Episode 103: Sara Bon-Harper: James Monroe and His Estate Highland Episode 108: Ann Little, The Many Captivities of Esther Wheelwright Episode 124: James Alexander Dun, Making the Haitian Revolution in Early America Episode 164: The American Revolution in the Age of Revolutions Listener Meetup Details Date: Saturday, January 6, 2018 Time: 5pm Place: Open City Diner, Woodley Park Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Declaration of Independence described “all men” as “created equal” when its authors knew they were not. So was the revolutionary idea of freedom dependent on slavery? In this last episode of the Doing History: To the Revolution series we return to the place our series began: the world of Paul Revere. We speak with Christopher Cameron, an associate professor of history at the University of North Carolina-Charlotte, to discuss how Phillis Wheatley, Cesar Sarter and other black revolutionaries in Massachusetts grappled with the seeming paradox of American freedom as they fought to end slavery during the American Revolution. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/166 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute OI Reader William and Mary Quarterly-Journal of the Early Republic joint issue on the American Revolution ($10 listener-only special) Doing History: To the Revolution series Complementary Episodes Episode 025: Jessica Parr, Inventing George Whitefield Episode 083: Jared Hardesty, Unfreedom: Slavery in Colonial Boston Episode 118: Christy Clark-Pujara, The Business of Slavery in Rhode Island Episode 123: Revolutionary Allegiances Episode 133: Patrick Breen, The Nat Turner Revolt Episode 134: Spencer McBride, Pulpit and Nation Episode 137: Erica Dunbar, The Washington’s Runaway Slave, Ona Judge Episode 157: The Revolution's African American Soldiers Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Between 1763 and 1848, revolutions took place in North America, South America, the Caribbean, Africa, and Europe. But why is it that we only seem to remember the American Revolution, the French Revolution, and the Haitian Revolution? Given that the American Revolution took place before all of these other revolutions, what was its role in influencing this larger “Age of Revolutions?” Did it influence this larger period? Our exploration of what the American Revolution looked like within the larger period known as the “Age of Revolutions” continues as Janet Polasky, a professor of history at the University of New Hampshire and the author of Revolutions Without Borders: The Call of Liberty in the Atlantic World, guides us through the period to explore answers to these questions. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/165 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute The OI Reader William and Mary Quarterly-Journal of the Early Republic special joint issue on the American Revolution $10 promotion The Great Courses Plus (1 Free Month of Unlimited Courses) Complementary Blog Posts Dael A. Norwood, "Global Trade and Revolution: The Politics of Americans' Commerce with China" Complementary Episodes Episode 090: Caitlin Fitz, Age of American Revolutions Episode 091: Gregory Dowd, Rumors, Legends, and Hoaxes in Early America Episode 144: Robert Parkinson, The Common Cause of the American Revolution Episode 152: Origins of the American Revolution Episode 155: Pauline Maier’s American Revolution Episode 156: The Power of the Press in the American Revolution Episode 161: Smuggling and the American Revolution Episode 163: The Revolution in Continental North America Episode 164: The Age of Revolutions in the Caribbean Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The American Revolution took place within a larger period known today as the “Age of Revolutions.” What does the Revolution look like when we place it within this larger context? Did it really help foment the many other failed and successful revolutions that took place during the period? Over the next two episodes of the Doing History: To the Revolution series, we’ll explore answers to these questions by taking a closer look at how the American Revolution fit within the larger context of the Age of Revolutions. The first part of our exploration will take us into the Caribbean. Laurent Dubois, a professor of history at Duke University and the author of four books about slavery and revolution in the French Caribbean, will serve as our guide. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/164 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute OI Reader William and Mary Quarterly-Journal of the Early Republic joint issue on the American Revolution $10 listener-only sale The Great Courses Plus (1 Free Month of Unlimited Courses) Complementary Episodes Episode 017: François Furstenberg, When the United States Spoke French Episode 052: Ronald Johnson, Early United States-Haitian Diplomacy Episode 124: James Alexander Dun, Making the Haitian Revolution in Early America Episode 144: Rob Parkinson, The Common Cause of the American Revolution Episode 152: Origins of the American Revolution Episode 156: The Power of the Press in the American Revolution Episode 157: The Revolution’s African-American Soldiers Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

When we think about North America during the American Revolution, most of our brains show us images of eastern Canada and the thirteen British American colonies that waged a revolution and war for independence against Great Britain. But what about the rest of the North American continent? What about the areas that we know today as the midwest, the Great Plains, the southwest, the west, and the Pacific Northwest? What about Alaska? What went on in these areas during the American Revolution? What did the American Revolution look like through the eyes of Native American peoples? In this episode of the Doing History: To the Revolution series, we explore what the American Revolution looked like within the larger context of North American history with historians Claudio Saunt and Alyssa Mt. Pleasant. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/163 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute OI Reader William and Mary Quarterly-Journal of the Early Republic special American Revolution issue $10 Promotion The Great Courses Plus (1 Free Month of Unlimited Courses) Complementary Episodes Episode 014: Claudio Saunt, West of the Revolution Episode 029: Colin Calloway, The Victory With No Name Episode 109: John Dixon, The American Enlightenment & Cadwallader Colden Episode 123: Revolutionary Allegiances Episode 151: Defining the American Revolution Episode 158: The Revolutionaries’ Army Complementary Blog Posts Rachel Hermann, "Histories of Hunger in the American Revolution" YouTube Videos of Episode Music Men's Smoke Dance Salamanca Powwow 2017 Third Round Water Song by Akwesasne Women Singers Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What did British imperial officials in London and their North America-based representatives make of the American Revolution? In this episode, we explore the American Revolution through the eyes of John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore, a British imperial official who served the empire in North America before, during, and after the American Revolution. James Corbett David, author of Dunmore’s New World: The Extraordinary Life of a Royal Governor in Revolutionary America, serves as our guide for this exploration. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/162 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute OI Reader William and Mary Quarterly-Journal of the Early Republic special American Revolution issue $10 Promotion HelloFresh (Use Promo Code BFWorld30 to save $30 off your first week) Complementary Episodes Episode 109: John Dixon, The American Enlightenment & Cadwallader Colden Episode 123: Revolutionary Allegiances Episode 131: Frank Cogliano, Thomas Jefferson’s Empire of Liberty Episode 157: The Revolution’s African American Soldiers Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

At the end of the French and Indian, or Seven Years’ War in 1763, Great Britain claimed that smuggling was a BIG problem in its North American colonies and cracked down on the practice. But just how BIG of a problem was smuggling in North America? Why did British North Americans choose to engage in the illegal importation of goods like tea? Was it really all about cheaper prices? Fabrício Prado, Christian Koot, and Wim Klooster join us to explore the history of smuggling in the eighteenth-century Atlantic World and to investigate the connections between smuggling and the American Revolution. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/048 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute OI Reader William and Mary Quarterly-Journal of the Early Republic special American Revolution issue $10 Promotion The Great Courses Plus (1 Free Month of Unlimited Courses) Complementary Blog Post Eugene R.H. Tesdahl, “Smuggling, the American Revolution, and the Riverine Highway” Complementary Episodes Episode 036: Abigail Swingen, Competing Visions of Empire Episode 098: Gautham Rao, Birth of the American Tax Man Episode 112: The Tea Crisis of 1773 Episode 121: Wim Klooster, The Dutch Moment in the 17th-Century Atlantic World Episode 139: Andrés Resédez, The Other Slavery: Indian Enslavement in the Americas Episode 158: The Revolutionaries’ Army Episode 159: Serena Zabin, Dangerous Economies Episode 160: The Politics of Tea Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

How did early Americans go from hosting social tea parties to hosting protests like the Boston Tea Party? Tea played a central role in the economic, cultural, and political lives of early Americans. As such, tea came to serve as a powerful symbol of both early American culture and of the American Revolution. In this episode of the Doing History: To the Revolution series, Jane Merritt, Jennifer Anderson, and David Shields take us on an exploration of the politics of tea during the era of the American Revolution. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/160 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute William and Mary Quarterly-Journal of the Early Republic joint issue on the American Revolution $10 promotion The Great Courses Plus (1 Free Month) Complementary Blog Posts John Fea, "The Greenwich Tea Burning: The Political and Religious Roots of Local Revolutionary Resistance" Complementary Episodes Episode 043: Matthew Osborn, Rum Maniacs: Alcoholic Insanity in the Early American Republic Episode 106: Jane Kamensky, The World of John Singleton Copley Episode 111: Jonathan Eacott, India in the Making of Britain and America, 1700-1830 Episode 112: Mary Beth Norton, The Tea Crisis of 1773 Episode 135: Julie Holcomb, Moral Commerce: The Transatlantic Boycott of the Slave Labor Economy Episode 156: The Power of the Press in the American Revolution Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

How much merit do the economic factors behind the cry “No Taxation Without Representation” have when we consider the origins of the American Revolution? In this episode of the Doing History: To the Revolution series we begin a 3-episode exploration of different aspects of the early American economy and what roles these economic aspects played in causing the American Revolution. Serena Zabin, a Professor of History at Carleton College and author of Dangerous Economies: Status and Commerce in Imperial New York, helps us survey the economic scene by guiding us through the British North American economy on the eve of the American Revolution. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/159 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute OI Reader App The Great Courses Plus (1 Free Month of Unlimited Courses) Complementary Episodes Episode 109: John Dixon, The American Enlightenment and Cadwallader Colden Episode 111: Jonathan Eacott, India and the Making of Britain and America, 1700-1830 Episode 112: Mary Beth Norton, The Tea Crisis of 1773 Episode 127: Caroline Winterer, American Enlightenments Episode 150: Abigail Adams, Revolutionary Speculator Bonus: The Stamp Act of 1765 Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Between 1775 and 1783, an estimated 230,000 men served in the Continental Army with another approximately 145,000 men serving in state militia units. Who were the men who served in these military ranks? What motivated them to take up arms and join the army? And what was their military experience like? In this episode of the Doing History: To the Revolution series, we explore the development of the Continental Army, partisan militia groups, and Native American scouting parties. Our guides for this exploration are Fred Anderson, Randy Flood, and Brooke Bauer. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/158 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute William and Mary Quarterly OI Reader Episode 128: Alan Taylor, American Revolutions William and Mary Quarterly-Journal of the Early Republic joint issue on the American Revolution special discount Complementary Blog Post Holly Mayer, "Following the Army" Complementary Episodes Episode 010: Don Hagist, British Soldiers, American War Episode 048: Ken Miller, Enemy Captives During the War for Independence Episode 056: Daniel J. Totora, The Anglo-Cherokee War, 1759-1761 Episode 060: David Preston, Braddock’s Defeat Episode 102: William Nester, George Rogers Clark Episode 122: Andrew O’Shaughnessy, The Men Who Lost America Episode 123: Revolutionary Allegiances Episode 129: J.L. Bell, The Road to Concord Episode 130: Paul Revere’s Ride Through History Episode 132: Coll Thrush, Indigenous London Episode 153: Committees and Congress: Governments of the American Revolution Episode 157: The Revolution’s African-American Soldiers Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Between 1775 and 1783, an estimated 230,000 men served in the Continental Army with another approximately 145,000 men serving in state militia units. But who were the men who served in these military ranks? What motivated them to take up arms and join the army? And what was their military experience like? In this episode of the Doing History: To the Revolution series we begin a 2-episode exploration of some of the military aspects of the American Revolution by exploring the experiences of the approximately 6,000-7,000 African American men who served in the Continental Army. Our guide for this exploration is Judith Van Buskirk, a professor of history at the State University of New York, Cortland and the author of Standing in Their Own Light: African American Patriots in the American Revolution. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/157 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute William and Mary Quarterly OI Reader App William and Mary Quarterly-Journal of the Early Republic joint issue on the American Revolution special discount Complementary Episodes Episode 016: Alan Taylor, The Internal Enemy Episode 118: Christy Clark-Pujara, The Business of Slavery in Rhode Island Episode 123: Revolutionary Allegiances Episode 126: Rebecca Brannon, The Reintegration of American Loyalists Episode 137: Erica Dunbar, The Washington’s Runaway Slave, Ona Judge Episode 153: Committees and Congress: Governments of the American Revolution Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

How did Americans find out about the Revolution? What effect did printed materials like newspapers, pamphlets, and books have on shaping the debate about independence? And just how big of a role did Thomas Paine’s Common Sense play in causing Americans to declare their independence from Great Britain? In this episode of the Doing History: To the Revolution! series, we explore these question with four scholars of Revolutionary communication: Alyssa Zuercher Reichardt, Eric Slauter, Seth Cotlar, and Trish Loughran. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/156 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute William and Mary Quarterly OI Reader App Episode 076: Nathan Perl-Rosenthal, Citizen Sailors: Becoming American in the Age of Revolution William and Mary Quarterly-Journal of the Early Republic special issue on the American Revolution discount Complementary Episodes Episode 001: James Green, The Library Company of Philadelphia Episode 141: A Declaration in Draft Episode 144: Robert Parkinson, The Cause of the American Revolution Episode 152: Origins of the American Revolution Episode 153: Committees and Congress: Governments of the American Revolution Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

How much can the work of one historian impact how we view and study the American Revolution? We investigate the answer to this question by exploring the life and work of Pauline Maier, a historian who spent her life researching and investigating the American Revolution. Over the course of her lifetime, Maier wrote four important books about the American Revolution: From Resistance to Revolution, The Old Revolutionaries, American Scripture, and Ratification. Mary Beth Norton, Joanne Freeman, Todd Estes, and Lindsay Chervinsky join us as we journey through Maier’s body of work to better understand the American Revolution and how one historian can impact how we view and study history. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/155 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute William and Mary Quarterly OI Reader App William and Mary Quarterly-Journal of the Early Republic joint issue on the American Revolution special discount Complementary Episodes Episode 007: Sara Georgini, John Adams and the Adams Papers Editorial Project Episode 031: Benjamin Franklin and the Papers of Benjamin Franklin Editorial Project Episode 074: Mary Wigge, Martha Washington Episode 098: Gautham Rao, Birth of the American Tax Man Episode 112: Mary Beth North, The Tea Crisis of 1773 Episode 123: Revolutionary Allegiances Episode 141: A Declaration in Draft Episode 143: Michael Klarman, The making of the United States Constitution Episode 152: Bernard Bailyn, Origins of the American Revolution Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Declaring independence from Great Britain required the formation of new governments. But why did Americans want and need new governments? And how did their interactions and experiences with their old, colonial governments inform their decisions to create new governments? Barbara Clark Smith, a curator in the division of political history at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History and the author of The Freedoms We Lost: Consent and Resistance in Revolutionary America, leads us on an exploration of how Americans interacted with their government before the American Revolution and how the Revolution changed their interaction and ideas about government. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/154 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute William and Mary Quarterly OI Reader App William and Mary Quarterly-Journal of the Early Republic joint issue on the American Revolution special discount Complementary Episodes Episode 036: Abigail Swingen, Competing Visions of Empire Episode 049: Malcolm Gaskill, How the English Became American Episode 141: A Declaration in Draft Episode 150: Abigail Adams, Revolutionary Speculator Episode 152: Origins of the American Revolution Episode 153: Governments of the American Revolution Bonus: J.L. Bell, The Boston Stamp Act Riots Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

How did the American revolutionaries organize and coordinate local, provincial, and intercolonial action? How did the revolutionaries form governments? In this episode of the Doing History: To the Revolution series we explore governance and governments of the American Revolution with three scholars: Mark Boonshoft, Benjamin Irvin, and Jane Calvert. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/153 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Doing History: To the Revolution! series OI Reader App Care.com Senior Services Complementary Blog Post William Huntting Howell, "The Committee of Correspondence and the War at Home" Complementary Episodes Episode 112: Mary Beth Norton, The Tea Crisis of 1773 Episode 123: Revolutionary Allegiances Episode 129: J.L. Bell, The Road to Concord Episode 130: Paul Revere’s Ride Through History Episode 134: Spencer McBride, Pulpit and Nation Episode 141: A Declaration in Draft Episode 143: Michael Klarman, The Making of the United States Constitution Episode 144: Robert Parkinson, The Common Cause of the American Revolution Episode 152: Bernard Bailyn, Origins of the American Revolution Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What caused the American Revolution? Was it the issue of ‘No Taxation without Representation?’ Was it conflict and change in the social order of colonial and British society? Or, was the Revolution about differences in ideas about governance and the roles government should play in society? In this episode of the Doing History: To the Revolution series, we explore one set of ideas about the origins of the American Revolution with Bernard Bailyn, a Professor Emeritus at Harvard University and author of the Pulitzer Prize-winning book, The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/048 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Doing History: To the Revolution! OI Reader app Hello Fresh (Promo Code: BFWorld30) Complementary Episodes Episode 107: Mary Sarah Bilder, Madison’s Hand Episode 119: Steve Pincus, The Heart of the Declaration Episode 127: Caroline Winterer, American Enlightenments Episode 141: A Declaration in Draft Episode 151: Defining the American Revolution Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What do we mean by the American Revolution? How do we define it? Was it a war? Was it a movement? Was it a series of movements? The Doing History: To the Revolution! Series seeks to explore not just the history of the American Revolution, but the histories of the American Revolution. In this episode, we undertake the difficult task of trying to define the American Revolution by going behind-the-scenes of the Museum of the American Revolution in Philadelphia Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/151 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Doing History: To the Revolution! OI Reader app Complementary Episodes Episode 112: Mary Beth Norton, The Tea Crisis of 1773 Episode 123: Revolutionary Allegiances Episode 130: Paul Revere’s Ride Through History Episode 141: A Declaration in Draft Bonus: Why Historians Study History Bonus: History and Historians in the Public Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Abigail Adams lived through and participated in the American Revolution. As the wife of John Adams, she used her position to famously remind Adams and his colleagues to "remember the ladies" when they created laws for the new, independent United States. In this episode, Woody Holton, a Professor of History at the University of South Carolina and author of Abigail Adams: A Life, helps us explore a different, largely unknown aspect of Adams' life: Her financial investments. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/150 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Doing History: To the Revolution! series The William and Mary Quarterly OI Reader App Complementary Episodes Episode 007: Sara Georgini, John Adams & the Adams Papers Documentary Editing Project Episode 022: Vivian Bruce Conger, Deborah Read Franklin & Sally Franklin Bache Bonus: Why Historian’s Study History Episode 103: Sara Bon Harper, James Monroe & His Highland Estate Episode 131: Frank Cogliano, Thomas Jefferson’s Empire of Liberty Episode 145: Rosemarie Zagarri, Mercy Otis Warren and the American Revolution Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Over the course of his long life, Benjamin Franklin traveled to and lived in London on two different occasions. The first time he went as a teenager. The second, as a man and colonial agent. All told he spent nearly 18 years living in the heart of the British Empire. How did Franklin’s experiences in London shape his opportunities and view of the world? George Goodwin, author of Benjamin Franklin in London: The British Life of America’s Founding Father, leads us on an exploration of Franklin’s life in London. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/149 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture The OI Reader App Doing History: To the Revolution! Series Episode 130: Paul Revere’s Ride Through History Episode 141: A Declaration in Draft Complementary Episodes Episode 001: James Green, The Library Company of Philadelphia Episode 022: Vivian Bruce Conger, Deborah Read Franklin & Sally Franklin Bache Episode 031: Benjamin Franklin and the Papers of Benjamin Franklin Editorial Project Episode 122: Andrew O’Shaughnessy, The Men Who Lost America Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

How did everyday men and women experience life in the colonial America? How did the American Revolution transform their work and personal lives? Marla Miller, a professor of history at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst and the author of Betsy Ross and the Making of America, guides us through the life of Betsy Ross with an aim to help us answer these questions. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/148 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture The Octo Doing History: To the Revolution! Series Episode 130: Paul Revere’s Ride Through History Episode 141: A Declaration in Draft “A Turning Point: The Declaration of Independence and the House of Lords,” History of Parliament “Historical Fiction Roundtable,” The Junto Complementary Episodes Episode 013:Rachel Hope Cleves, Charity & Sylvia: A Same-Sex Marriage in Early America Episode 027: Lisa Wilson, A History of Stepfamilies in Early America Episode 032: Michelle Coughlin, One Colonial Woman’s World Episode 089: Jessica Millward, Slavery & Freedom in Early America Episode 145: Rosemarie Zagarri, Mercy Otis Warren and the American Revolution Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What about the British Redcoats? When we discuss the military history of the American War for Independence, we tend to focus on specific battles or details about the men who served in George Washington’s Continental Army. Rarely do we take the opportunity to ask questions about the approximately 50,000 men who served in the British Army that opposed them. Don N. Hagist, independent scholar and author of British Soldiers, American War: Voices of the American Revolution, leads us on exploration of the “other” men who fought in the American War for Independence, the soldiers in the British Army. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/147 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture The Octo Doing History: To the Revolution! Series Episode 130: Paul Revere’s Ride Through History Episode 141: A Declaration in Draft “The Adverts 250 Project” “George Washington’s Bodies,” Nursing Clio Complementary Episodes Episode 081: Don Glickstein, After Yorktown: The Final Struggle for American Independence Episode 085: Bonnie Huskins, American Loyalists in Canada Episode 122: Andrew O’Shaughnessy, The Men Who Lost America Episode 126: Rebecca Brannon, The Reintegration of American Loyalists Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What drove George Washington to become a Patriot during the American Revolution? How did he overcome the ill-trained and inexperienced troops, inadequate pay, and supply problems that plagued the Continental Army to win the War for American Independence? Robert Middlekauff, professor emeritus of colonial and early United States history at the University of California, Berkeley, reveals the answers to these questions as we explore details from his book Washington’s Revolution: The Making of America’s First Leader. This episode originally posted as Episode 026. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/146 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture The Octo Doing History: To the Revolution! Series Episode 130: Paul Revere's Ride Through History Episode 141: A Declaration in Draft "Dartmouth College and Canada: The Problem of National Historiographies," Borealia: A Group Blog on Early Canadian History "Era of Good Feelings Roundtable," U.S. Intellectual History Blog Complementary Episodes Episode 033: Douglas Bradburn, George Washington & His Library Episode 061: Edward Larson, George Washington in Retirement Episode 065: Alexander Rose, Washington’s Spies Episode 074: Mary Wigge, Martha Washington Episode 137: Erica Dunbar, The Washingtons’ Runaway Slave, Ona Judge Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Mercy Otis Warren wasn’t your typical early American woman. She was a woman with strong political viewpoints, which she wrote about and published for the world to see and consider. Did anyone take her views seriously? Did her writings sway public opinion in the direction of her political views? In this episode, Rosemarie Zagarri, a professor of history at George Mason University and author of A Woman’s Dilemma: Mercy Otis Warren and the American Revolution, helps us kick off a new, six-episode series about the people of the American Revolution by taking us through the life of Mercy Otis Warren. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/145 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture The Octo Complementary Episodes Episode 032: Michelle Marchetti Coughlin, One Colonial Woman’s World Episode 050: Marla Miller, Betsy Ross Episode 123: Revolutionary Allegiances (Doing History) Episode 129: J.L. Bell, The Road to Concord Episode 143: Michael Klarman, The Making of the United States Constitution Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

How do you get people living in thirteen different colonies to come together and fight for independence? What ideas and experiences would even unite them behind the fight? Patriot leaders asked themselves these very questions, especially as the American Revolution turned from a series of political protests against imperial policies to a bloody war for independence. What’s more, Patriot leaders also asked themselves once we find these ideas and experiences, how do we use them to unite the American people? Robert Parkinson, an Assistant Professor of History at Binghamton University and author of the award-winning book, The Common Cause: Creating Race and Nation in the American Revolution, has some ideas for how patriot leaders answered these questions. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/144 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture The Octo: Eight Curated Blogs About Early American History "Historicizing Freedom & Black Abolitionism," Black Perspectives "A 'Thorough Deist?' The Religious Life of Benjamin Franklin," Age of Revolutions OI Reader App for Free Chapter of The Common Cause Complementary Episodes Episode 016: Alan Taylor, The Internal Enemy Episode 086: George Goodwin, Benjamin Franklin in London Episode 122: Andrew O’Shaughnessy, The Men Who Lost America Episode 123: Revolutionary Allegiances Episode 141: A Declaration in Draft Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

How did the framers draft the Constitution of 1787? What powers does the Constitution provide the federal government? Why do we elect the President of the United States by an electoral system rather than by popular vote? These are some of the many questions you’ve asked since November 2016. And today we’re going to explore some answers. Michael Klarman, the Kirkland & Ellis Professor of Law at Harvard Law School and author of The Founders’ Coup: The Making of the United States Constitution joins us to discuss the United States Constitution and how and why the framers drafted it. Show Notes: https://www.benfranklinsworld.com/143 Sponsor Links Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Georgian Papers Programme Complementary Episodes Episode 057: Max Edling: War, Money, and the American State, 1783-1867 Episode 061: Edward Larson, George Washington in Retirement Episode 087: Sean Condon, Shays’ Rebellion Episode 098: Gautham Rao, Birth of the American Tax Man Episode 107: Mary Sarah Bilder, Madison’s Hand: Revising the Constitutional Convention Episode 141: A Declaration in Draft Helpful Show Links Ben Franklin's World Facebook Page Join the Ben Franklin's World Community Sign-up for the Franklin Gazette Newsletter Ben Franklin's World iOS App Ben Franklin's World Android App *Books purchased through this link will help support the production of Ben Franklin's World. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices