The Road to Autonomy

This week on Autonomy Markets, Grayson Brulte and Walter Piecyk discuss Uber and VW validating the ID. Buzz in Los Angeles as they prepare for commercial service, Europe’s first commercial robotaxi service, and Waymo’s New York City dilemma.With Uber and VW’s MOIA conducting on-road validation testing for the ID. Buzz in Los Angeles, the conversation evolves into a deeper discussion around what a launch means. Is it considered a launch if there are safety drivers?As Uber launches new robotaxi markets with safety drivers, Waymo continues to open new markets without them. This week Waymo brought Nashville online with fully autonomous commercial service across a 60-square-mile area.Waymo’s launch partner in Nashville is Lyft, but a post on X from Lyft CEO David Risher hinted that Lyft’s Flexdrive depot is not yet fully operational, leading Grayson and Walt to debate whether this deal came together faster than either side anticipated.Then there is New York, a city that appears to not want autonomous vehicles. The New York City Department of Transportation did not renew Waymo’s testing permit, which expired on March 31st. Which means Waymo can no longer test in autonomous mode, but they can drive the city and gather data, acting as a mobile billboard to build local buzz and political pressure.Wrapping up the conversation, Grayson and Walt discuss Tesla FSD 14.3.Episode Chapters00:00 Sidewalk Robots in Philadelphia Go Overboard 01:33 Uber and MOIA Begin On-Road Validation Testing08:35 Uber/Verne/Pony AI Launch First Europe Robotaxi Service 14:46 Waymo Open Nashville Market with Lyft22:20 New York Says, No Autonomy For You!30:47 Walt's Take on Tesla FSD 14.338:34 PlusAI's Revenue Projections40:29 Next Week--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy is the leading market intelligence platform covering the convergence of automation, autonomy, and the Autonomy Economy.™.Through our podcasts, newsletter, and proprietary market intelligence, we set the narrative for institutional investors, industry executives, and policymakers navigating the convergence of automation, autonomy, and economic growth.Join institutional investors and industry leaders who read This Week in The Autonomy Economy every Sunday. Each edition delivers exclusive insight and commentary on the autonomy economy, helping you stay ahead of what's next.Sign up for This Week in The Autonomy Economy newsletter: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

This week on Autonomy Signals, Grayson Brulte and Rob Grant discuss the Artemis II mission, Amazon’s coordinated embodied AI acquisitions, HD Hyundai’s Avikus DNV maritime autonomy certification from Norway, and declining AI bubble odds on Polymarket.NASA’s Artemis II crew traveled 252,756 miles from Earth, surpassing Apollo 13 by over 4,000 miles. An achievement that is extraordinary in itself. AUTNMY AI‘s proprietary OMEGA algorithm identified the mission as a human supervised automation event, not a fully autonomous one, creating a semantic conflation risk as the market is mispricing how autonomous the program truly is today.With Artemis III scheduled for 2028 and self-driving lunar terrain vehicles part of the mission, autonomous vehicles will most likely be operating on the moon before New York City due to New York State and City policy. The constraint is policy, not technology.Amazon’s simultaneous acquisition of Fauna Robotics and RIVR is a coordinated platform play to acquire real world interaction data at a moment of physical AI data scarcity. While Amazon made acquisitions, BMW deployed a Hexagon wheeled humanoid on its German production line, and Figure AI said they can assemble a humanoid in 90 minutes, with consolidation emerging as the defining structural trend in embodied AI.From embodied AI to maritime autonomy, the autonomy economy is beginning to take shape. HD Hyundai’s HiNAS navigation system recently received DNV type approval from Norway, enabling fully autonomous commercial vessel operations as the risk of NVIDIA moving into maritime autonomy and vertically integrating lingers.Polymarket AI bubble odds declined to 19%. With OMEGA assesses that the bubble framing is wrong. The operative risk is which layer of the stack survives the transition from speculative deployment to industrial accountability.Episode Chapters00:00 AUTNMY AI01:10 Signal 1: Artemis || Launch and the Autonomy Gap25:21 Signal 2: Early Signs of Embodied AI Consolidation57:12 Signal 3: Maritime Autonomy01:16:46 Signal 4: Polymarket AI Bubble Odds Decline to 19%01:23:39 Closing--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy is the leading applied intelligence platform covering the convergence of automation, autonomy, and the Autonomy Economy.™.Through our podcasts, newsletter, and proprietary market intelligence, we set the narrative for institutional investors, industry executives, and policymakers navigating the convergence of automation, autonomy, and economic growth.Join institutional investors and industry leaders who read This Week in The Autonomy Economy every Sunday. Each edition delivers exclusive insight and commentary on the autonomy economy, helping you stay ahead of what's next.Subscribe today for free: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Greg Okopal, Co-Founder & COO, Overland AI joined Grayson Brulte on The Road to Autonomy podcast to discuss the founding of Overland AI at University of Washington.Early on, Overland AI participated in the DARPA RACER program, growing from a company operating out of shipping containers at a rally driving school in Snoqualmie, Washington, to recently raising a $100 million round led by 8VC with continued participation from Point72 Ventures.Today, Overland AI has autonomous vehicles embedded with the 82nd Airborne, where troops are actively using their flagship uncrewed vehicle, the Ultra, for last-mile resupply, establishing communications bubbles, and route-proofing ahead of manned convoys. The Ultra is designed to allow troops to easily swap payloads and perform maintenance directly in the field, increasing its modularity.Episode Chapters0:00 AUTNMY AI0:24 DARPA RACER Program7:43 Field First Development16:30 Designing the Ultra21:38 How Troops Are Using the Ultra30:25 When Do Weapons Enter the Picture?39:57 The Future of Overland AI--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy is the leading market intelligence platform covering the convergence of automation, autonomy, and the Autonomy Economy.™.Through our podcasts, newsletter, and proprietary market intelligence, we set the narrative for institutional investors, industry executives, and policymakers navigating the convergence of automation, autonomy, and economic growth.Join institutional investors and industry leaders who read This Week in The Autonomy Economy every Sunday. Each edition delivers exclusive insight and commentary on the autonomy economy, helping you stay ahead of what's next.Sign up for This Week in The Autonomy Economy newsletter: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

This week on Autonomy Markets, Grayson Brulte and Walter Piecyk discuss Waymo expanding service to the San Antonio Airport, the company’s need for another OEM partner and Baidu’s mishap in China.With Waymo opening service at the San Antonio Airport complete with curbside drop offs and a short walk to the designated rideshare pickup area, the conversation evolves into a deeper discussion about airport politics and robotaxis.Which brings us to Waymo and their current vehicle fleet. Does Waymo have enough vehicles to continue to scale at the pace they are scaling? Or do they need an additional OEM partner? Or will an 800 volt charging architecture solve their vehicle supply issue? Walt says Waymo needs more vehicles, while Grayson predicts that Waymo will announce an additional OEM partner by the end of the year and give the market more details on their relationship with Toyota.Over in China, Baidu’s Apollo Go suffered a major mishap with vehicles stopping, causing crashes and trapping passengers for up to two hours in their robotaxis, raising questions about the current state of Chinese autonomous driving technology.Wrapping up the conversation, Grayson and Walt discuss WeRide going driverless in Dubai with Uber and launching 11 vehicles in Singapore with Grab as part of the foreign autonomy desk.Episode Chapters00:00 Waymo Expands to the San Antonio Airport06:07 Does Waymo Need Another OEM Partner?13:24 800 Volt Charging Architecture and Fleet Scaling19:05 Baidu's Apollo Go Robotaxis Fail in Wuhan23:47 China's Autonomous Belt and Road Strategy26:33 Waabi30:02 Tesla Austin Robotaxi Expansion33:14 FSD 14.338:00 Senator Markey Remote Operators Investigation41:34 Foreign Autonomy Desk45:50 Next Week--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy is the definitive media brand covering the Autonomy Economy™. Through our podcasts, newsletter, and proprietary market intelligence, we set the narrative for institutional investors, industry executives, and policymakers navigating the convergence of automation, autonomy, and economic growth.Sign up for This Week in The Autonomy Economy newsletter: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

This week on Autonomy Signals, Grayson Brulte and Rob Grant discuss China’s $400 billion robotics investment, surging Chinese auto exports with advanced autonomous driving systems (ADAS), and rising compute costs that could reshape the autonomy economy.China is preparing to invest $400 billion in robotics this year as the country looks to further strengthen its current physical AI dominance. As China prepares to further invest in robotics, Chinese technology companies such as Xpeng that manufacture electric vehicles are beginning to share manufacturing lines and supply chains between electric vehicles and humanoid robots, reducing labor costs by 35%.With Xpeng aims to produce a thousand humanoids a month by year end. AUTNMY AI’s proprietary AI algorithm, OMEGA, assesses that this convergence ensures Chinese humanoid platforms could achieve commercial viability 24 to 36 months ahead of US counterparts, and that standalone US robotics startups lacking automotive manufacturing synergies could face a mass extinction event by 2028.As China invests in robotics at home, Chinese automakers exported a record 7.1 million cars in 2025 with nearly 50% featuring advanced ADAS, and that pattern is only accelerating in 2026 partly due to margin compression on the mainland.While China is accelerating its export of electric vehicles with ADAS, Chinese autonomous vehicle companies, WeRide, Baidu and Pony AI are rapidly expanding into the Middle East, Europe, and Southeast Asia through partnerships with Uber and Lyft, allowing these companies to bypass customer acquisition costs and avoid potential regulatory friction.This is setting up to be a potential Autonomous Belt and Road Initiative, where China embeds its autonomous driving technology into global transit systems, both public and private sector, the same way Belt and Road embedded Chinese influence through infrastructure investment.Closing out the show, the third signal points to a potential compute cost inflation cycle with AMD and Intel likely looking to raise chip prices 15% amid a global shortage. Tying all of the signals together, OMEGA assesses that the primary constraints on the autonomy economy are no longer software or LLM capabilities but NdFeB magnets, high torque actuators, and advanced semiconductor packaging.Episode Chapters00:00 AUTNMY AI00:40 Signal 1: China's Planned $400 Billion Investment in Robotics21:11 Signal 2: Surging Chinese Automotive Exports & Growing Global Robotaxi Expansions 40:06 Signal 3: Increasing Compute Costs44:01 Closing--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy is the leading market intelligence platform covering the convergence of automation, autonomy, and the Autonomy Economy.™. Through our podcasts, newsletter, and proprietary market intelligence, we set the narrative for institutional investors, industry executives, and policymakers navigating the convergence of automation, autonomy, and economic growth.Join institutional investors and industry leaders who read This Week in The Autonomy Economy every Sunday. Each edition delivers exclusive insight and commentary on the autonomy economy, helping you stay ahead of what's next.Subscribe today for free: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Martyn Briggs, Director, Thematic Investing Strategy, Bank of America joined Grayson Brulte on The Road to Autonomy podcast to discuss why Physical AI is no longer a concept on the horizon but an era that continues to emerge across humanoids, autonomous vehicles, drones, and industrial robotics.AI has left the chat, and is moving from digital text-based intelligence to the physical world. Last year, 20,000 humanoids were manufactured, 80 percent of which were in China. The market for humanoids is projected to grow exponentially to 1.2 million by 2030 and 10 million by 2035, driven by falling component costs, simulation-to-real transfer breakthroughs, and the convergence of generative AI with robotics.Across the autonomous vehicle landscape, L2+ advanced driver assistance is emerging as the trust gateway to full L4 autonomy. As consumers grow comfortable with supervised automation on highways, the path to trusting robotaxis becomes shorter and shorter. The physical AI opportunity extends well beyond the United States, with Europe and the UK positioned to deploy robotaxis as an economic driver across dense urban corridors.Episode Chapters0:00 AUTNMY AI00:24 Physical AI Primer07:51 Open Source Physical AI Models12:46 The ChatGPT Moment for Robotics15:56 Scaling Humanoids27:17 Capital Flowing to Embodied AI29:28 Fleet Infrastructure, Real Estate & Charging31:43 OEM Struggles, Consumer Demand for L442:08 Waymo in London & Europe's Robotaxi Opportunity49:16 UAE as a Global Autonomy Market52:14 Autonomous Trucking57:30 Drones and Scaling Physical AI59:53 The Future of Physical AI--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy is the definitive media brand covering the Autonomy Economy™. Through our podcasts, newsletter, and proprietary market intelligence, we set the narrative for institutional investors, industry executives, and policymakers navigating the convergence of automation, autonomy, and economic growth.Join institutional investors and industry leaders who read This Week in The Autonomy Economy every Sunday. Each edition delivers exclusive insight and commentary on the autonomy economy, helping you stay ahead of what's next.Subscribe today for free: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

This week on Autonomy Markets, Grayson Brulte and Walter Piecyk headed to Dallas to attend Forward Fort Worth. While in town, they rode in several Waymos and in Uber’s autonomous vehicle partners Avride and May Mobility, and discovered two Waymo depots in Dallas.The Waymo driver in Dallas was noticeably more cautious than in the Bay Area or Miami, but overall a great experience. While riding around in Waymos, Grayson discovered two depots on opposite ends of downtown Dallas. One appeared to be a temporary depot with portable charging, while the other was not yet operational but had charging infrastructure built out with a design matching Waymo’s Santa Monica and Miami depots.While Grayson rode around in Waymos, Walt headed to Arlington for an update on May Mobility’s progress. He noticed a smoother ride than his prior experience last year, though he still encountered heavy braking. Last but not least, both Grayson and Walt successfully ordered Avride robotaxis on the Uber X tier after a Dallas police officer pointed Grayson to the best spot to get matched with an AV on the Uber platform.Closing out the show, Grayson and Walt discuss Nissan’s autonomous vehicle strategy through its Wayve partnership and Zoox’s upcoming Miami and Atlanta launches, while reigniting the LiDAR versus vision debate.Episode Chapters00:00 Forward Fort Worth02:47 Waymo in Dallas: Ride Experience and Depot Discoveries12:25 May Mobility in Arlington: Ride Experience & Uber Launch Timeline16:45 Avride in Dallas: Ride Experience21:49 Uber's Multi-Partner Strategy30:27 Nissan's Autonomous Vehicle Strategy33:18 Zoox's Pending Miami & Atlanta Launches36:11 LiDAR vs. Vision Debate41:50 Tesla Robotaxis in Dallas43:28 Foreign Autonomy Desk48:36 Next WeekRecorded on Friday, March 27, 2026--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy is the definitive media brand covering the Autonomy Economy™. Through our podcasts, newsletter, and proprietary market intelligence, we set the narrative for institutional investors, industry executives, and policymakers navigating the convergence of automation, autonomy, and economic growth.Sign up for This Week in The Autonomy Economy newsletter: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

This week on Autonomy Signals, Grayson Brulte and Rob Grant discuss Tesla Optimus delays driven by China’s rare earth export controls, the EU’s push to slow AI regulation and what it means for autonomous vehicles, and Waymo’s potential expansion into Canada.China’s Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) has classified humanoid robot actuator components as dual-use technology, requiring foreign manufacturers to share technical specifications to obtain export licenses. Tesla relies on Chinese suppliers for the specialized rare earth magnets that give Optimus its 22-degree hand dexterity, and with China controlling 90% of that supply, delays could persist.AUTNMY AI’s proprietary AI algorithm, OMEGA, analyzed the impact of a potential export ban, which could increase the price from $46,000 to produce Optimus parts in China to $133,000 if all production moves to America. If this were to happen, it would lead to a delay in Optimus, and this is further compounded by an FTC investigation into whether over 60% Chinese component content disqualifies Tesla’s made-in-America branding.Then there is the MIIT’s March 2nd humanoid robot standardization directive, which requires Chinese suppliers to prioritize domestic manufacturers such as Unitree and Xiaomi over foreign customers including Tesla, which creates an additional supplier prioritization risk on top of the export control risk.Closing out the show, Grayson and Rob discuss Waymo’s potential Canadian expansion, examining lobbying records that show Waymo Co-CEO Tekedra Mawakana met with Toronto council staff to discuss ride-hail, goods delivery, and commercial operating authorizations. OMEGA also discovered lobbying records showing Waymo has been lobbying British Columbia to change the laws to allow L4 autonomous vehicles, pointing to a potential Vancouver expansion.Episode Chapters00:00 AUTNMY AI00:24 Signal 1: Potenial Tesla Optimus Gen 3 Delay23:35 Signal 2: Europe Delays Classifying L4 Autonomous Vehicles as High Risk48:45 Signal 3: Waymo Eyes Canadian Expansion51:29 Closing--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy is the definitive media brand covering the Autonomy Economy™. Through our podcasts, newsletter, and proprietary market intelligence, we set the narrative for institutional investors, industry executives, and policymakers navigating the convergence of automation, autonomy, and economic growth.Join institutional investors and industry leaders who read This Week in The Autonomy Economy every Sunday. Each edition delivers exclusive insight and commentary on the autonomy economy, helping you stay ahead of what's next.Subscribe today for free: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Tete Xiao, VP of Engineering and AI, Bot Auto joined Grayson Brulte on The Road to Autonomy to discuss the fundamental shift from virtual AI to the physical AI required for commercial autonomous trucking.Tete co-authored Segment Anything, the landmark paper that ushered in the era of specific models to an era of foundation models that generalize across large segments of data. This approach which he is implementing at Bot Auto, enables the company to move beyond the limitations of previous technology, treating autonomous trucking as a compute-driven challenge where the system learns to navigate the complex physics of driving a truck.To ensure safety, Bot Auto is utilizing a top-down redundancy architecture that mirrors aviation’s triple autopilot systems. Including dual onboard computers and independent software stacks running parallel algorithms with deliberately different logic to prevent a single failure from propagating through the system.This spring, Bot Auto is planning to launch fully autonomous commercial operations with Ryan Transportation on the Houston to Dallas corridor. No safety driver. No safety observer. No human in the cab.Episode Chapters00:00 AUTNMY AI00:25 Segment Anything05:04 Virtual AI to Physical AI09:08 Redundancy and Aviation-Inspired Architecture13:40 Hardware and Software17:00 Launching Fully Autonomous Operations20:00 Foundation Models and Reinforcement Learning27:52 Compute Infrastructure35:22 Staying Ahead42:30 Building a Virtual Driver47:06 AGI48:36 Transportation Company53:59 Future of Bot Auto--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy is the definitive media brand covering the Autonomy Economy™. Through our podcasts, newsletter, and proprietary market intelligence, we set the narrative for institutional investors, industry executives, and policymakers navigating the convergence of automation, autonomy, and economic growth.Join institutional investors and industry leaders who read This Week in The Autonomy Economy every Sunday. Each edition delivers exclusive insight and commentary on the autonomy economy, helping you stay ahead of what's next.Subscribe today for free: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

This week on Autonomy Markets, Grayson Brulte and Walter Piecyk discuss NVIDIAs autonomous driving ambitions, Uber's Rivian robotaxi deal, and what all of these deals will eventually mean for the robotaxi market.It appears that NVIDIA is aiming to become the Android of autonomous driving, signing up OEMs and positioning itself as a platform provider while insisting it is not the solutions provider. Uber, which has a deal with NVIDIA, clearly wants to be a robotaxi solutions partner, as yhey are actively preparing to deploy NVIDIA-powered robotaxis in 28 cities by 2028 across North America, Europe, Australia, and Asia.Then there is the surprise Uber/Rivian deal, which will see Uber invest up to $1.25 billion into Rivian with $300 million upfront and four milestone payments based on undisclosed achievements of certain autonomous milestones by specific dates.Closing out the show, Grayson and Walt discuss Waymo's milestone of surpassing 170 million fully autonomous miles with no safety drivers, Nuro's growing robotaxi test fleet, and the Foreign Autonomy Desk.Episode Chapters00:00 NVIDIA GTC04:06 Jensen Huang; NVIDIA is Not a Solutions Provider11:23 Uber/NVIDIA Partnership25:52 Uber/Rivian Robotaxi Deal32:02 Waymo: 170m+ Autonomous Miles and Counting33:01 Foreign Autonomy Desk34:44 Next Week Recorded on Friday, March 20, 2026--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy is the definitive media brand covering the Autonomy Economy™. Through our podcasts, newsletter, and proprietary market intelligence, we set the narrative for institutional investors, industry executives, and policymakers navigating the convergence of automation, autonomy, and economic growth.Sign up for This Week in The Autonomy Economy newsletter: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Danny Bernstein, Founder & CEO, Reservoir joined Grayson Brulte on The Road to Autonomy podcast to discuss Physical AI and the growing role it is playing in agriculture.Currently, less than 2% of this high-value agricultural sector is automated, creating a significant growth opportunity that Reservoir is positioned to capture through a startup incubator specifically designed for Physical AI and specialty crops.By utilizing a 40-acre farm in Salinas paired with an adjacent 6,000-square-foot prototyping studio, Reservoir offers startups immediate access to a commercial testing ground. This infrastructure eliminates the traditional six-to-nine-month delay between raising venture capital and deploying on a real farm, allowing founders to roll their machines directly into the field.Reservoir’s methodology emphasizes deep rural integration to solve complex labor and economic challenges. By encouraging founders to immerse themselves in local farming communities, Reservoir helps startups build trust and fit their solutions into existing agricultural cost structures. This approach has enabled successful innovations ranging from AI-powered drones for bird mitigation to specialized disease detection for vineyards.Reservoir’s Physical AI ecosystem functions as the Olympic Village of Ag Tech, hosting dense cohorts of international and domestic startups working side by side. This collaborative environment enables companies to share foundational technologies while gaining direct access to major agricultural incumbents and corporate partners.To further fuel this ecosystem, Reservoir operates a $50 million early-stage venture fund dedicated to ag tech and Physical AI applications.Looking ahead, Danny envisions Reservoir expanding to five or six locations across the American West, with active and planned sites in Sonoma County, the Central Valley, Washington State, and Arizona.By elevating ag tech’s position within the global autonomy economy, Reservoir aims to drive double-digit automation adoption within five years, fundamentally transforming rural workforce development and securing the global food supply.Episode Chapters00:00 Less than 2% of Specialty Crop Agriculture is Automated07:32 Physical AI on Farms13:35 The Six to Nine Month Farm Access Problem18:49 Inside Reservoir Farms26:01 The Olympic Village of Ag Tech32:29 Building Trust with Farmers43:19 The Growth of Automation and Autonomy on Farms47:50 The Future of Automation and Autonomy on Farms--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy is the definitive media brand covering the Autonomy Economy™. Through our podcasts, newsletter, and proprietary market intelligence, we set the narrative for institutional investors, industry executives, and policymakers navigating the convergence of automation, autonomy, and economic growth.Join institutional investors and industry leaders who read This Week in The Autonomy Economy every Sunday. Each edition delivers exclusive insight and commentary on the autonomy economy, helping you stay ahead of what's next.Subscribe today for free: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

This week on Autonomy Markets, Grayson Brulte and Walter Piecyk discuss their field work in Austin, Texas, where they rode in a Tesla Unsupervised Robotaxi and walked the Cybercab production line at Giga Texas.Together they experienced Tesla's unsupervised roboataxi operations in Austin, specifically the moment they hailed and rode in a fully unsupervised Tesla Robotaxi with no safety attendant and no chase car. Grayson and Walt noted the vehicle's smooth performance, its routing differences versus supervised rides, and the absence of Mad Max or Hurry driving modes in unsupervised operation.his led to a broader discussion on Tesla's Cybercab production readiness, with both noting that Tesla appears prepared to scale. The conversation then shifts to the competitive landscape, examining Uber's big week of autonomous vehicle partnership announcements and the company's positioning relative to Tesla, Waymo, and the broader autonomy economy.Closing out the conversation, Grayson and Walt discuss Waymo's expanding footprint, the structural advantages Tesla holds through its charging infrastructure and factory integration, and what the Cybercab ramp means for the autonomy economy.Episode Chapters00:00 Riding in a Tesla Unsupervised Robotaxi5:45 Robotaxi Ride Experiences (Both Supervised and Unsupervised)11:25 Tesla's Austin Depot19:58 Walking the Cybercab Production Line at Giga Texas26:43 Waymo in Austin29:24 Uber Needs an Autonomous Vehicle Tier31:07 Uber's Big Week of Partnership Announcements42:52 Zoox's Sudden Change in Narrative51:53 Wayve Partners with Qualcomm53:34 U.S. DOT is Embracing Autonomy56:44 Autonomous Trucking1:02:00 Foreign Autonomy Desk1:02:43 Next week Recorded on Friday, March 13, 2026--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy is the definitive media brand covering the Autonomy Economy™. Through our podcasts, newsletter, and proprietary market intelligence, we set the narrative for institutional investors, industry executives, and policymakers navigating the convergence of automation, autonomy, and economic growth.Sign up for This Week in The Autonomy Economy newsletter: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Matthew Carey, Co-Founder & CEO, Teradar, joined Grayson Brulte on The Road to Autonomy podcast to discuss the company's emergence from stealth with $150 million in funding and the creation of a brand-new category of terahertz (THz) sensors.The operational backbone of Teradar’s strategy is a Terahertz Detection and Ranging (Rad-AR) approach that fills the gap between LiDAR and radar on the electromagnetic spectrum. By utilizing a modular architecture of Lego-like transmitter and receiver chips, the system provides the high-resolution point cloud typically associated with lidar while maintaining the all-weather robustness and velocity-sensing Doppler capabilities of radar. This solid-state design allows the sensor to be hidden behind vehicle bumpers or polymers, eliminating the need for bulky roof-mounted hardware.In the field, Teradar is rigorously applying its technology to solve the weather casino problem, proving the system's robustness in the heavy rain, snow, and dense fog of Boston. Unlike traditional vision or LiDAR systems that struggle with atmospheric particulates, Teradar's longer wavelengths can bend around rain and dust, ensuring consistent performance in environments where humans or other sensors might fail.Teradar’s Physical AI ecosystem also includes a defense-grade application that provides situational awareness in combat environments without being easily detected. The atmosphere effectively blocks the sensor’s signal beyond its intended range, allowing it to operate in dense traffic or military zones without jamming other sensors or revealing a vehicle's position to hostile actors.Looking ahead, Matt envisions a future where high-performance sensing reaches a mass-market inflection point by becoming affordable enough for every vehicle, from a Mercedes S-Class to a Ford Focus. By partnering with Tier 1 suppliers rather than vertically integrating, Teradar aims to scale to millions of units, fundamentally transforming the industry by delivering a sensor stack that costs hundreds, not thousands of dollars.Episode Chapters00:00 Teradar Emerges from Stealth03:01 Limitations of Existing Sensor Technologies05:54 Introducing Terahertz Sensing08:00 Defense and Battlefield Applications11:11 Modular Sensor Architecture17:00 Early Development and Startup Challenges26:54 Why Teradar Chose Boston36:11 Autonomous Vehicles and Weather46:06 Scaling Teradar--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy is the definitive media brand covering the Autonomy Economy™. Through our podcasts, newsletter, and proprietary market intelligence, we set the narrative for institutional investors, industry executives, and policymakers navigating the convergence of automation, autonomy, and economic growth.Join institutional investors and industry leaders who read This Week in The Autonomy Economy every Sunday. Each edition delivers exclusive insight and commentary on the autonomy economy, helping you stay ahead of what's next. Subscribe today for free: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

This week on Autonomy Markets, Grayson Brulte and Walt Piecyk discuss Grayson’s recent field work in Silicon Valley and Walt’s observations in London.Together they examine Waymo’s technical milestones, specifically Grayson’s first-hand experience on the highway and at SFO. During Grayson’s ride from SFO to Mountain View, he noted the vehicle’s smooth performance across three lanes, its strict adherence to speed limits, and a rare instance of Waymo using its horn when it was cut off.This leads to a broader discussion on Waymo’s rapid Miami expansion and their choice of fleet management partners. The conversation then shifts towards the competitive landscape and Grayson’s attempt to use the Tesla’s robotaxi app in the Valley, which was hampered by wait times exceeding 25 minutes.Over in London, Walt reported on the skepticism of London’s black taxi drivers regarding Waymo’s efforts in the UK. Closing out the conversation they discussed Glydways expansion in Atlanta and Newark.Episode Chapters00:00 Silicon Valley and London Field Work18:40 Google Gemini20:59 Waymo in London25:27 Waymo's Miami Beach Expansion29:16 Waymo's Fleet Management Strategy 31:55 Autonomous Vehicles in Virginia, Not This Year34:56 Waabi's Robotaxi Messaging 39:06 Glydways Expansion 42:47 Foreign Autonomy Desk43:26 Next WeekRecorded on Friday, March 6, 2026--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy is the definitive media brand covering the Autonomy Economy™. Through our podcasts, newsletter, and proprietary market intelligence, we set the narrative for institutional investors, industry executives, and policymakers navigating the convergence of automation, autonomy, and economic growth.Sign up for This Week in The Autonomy Economy newsletter: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Igal Raichelgauz, Founder & CEO, Autobrains joined Grayson Brulte on The Road to Autonomy podcast to discuss the company's strategic partnership with VinFast and the development of an affordable, scalable robo-car.The operational backbone of Autobrains’ strategy is a Thinking AI approach that utilizes an agentic architecture rather than traditional monolithic models. By using a library of specific skills that can be added incrementally, the system scales from basic safety features to full autonomy without requiring massive data retraining or excessive computational power.In the field, Autobrains is rigorously applying its technology to the VinFast VF 8 and VF 9 models, proving the system's robustness in some of the world's most complex driving environments, such as the congested streets of Hanoi, Vietnam. Autobrains utilizes a vision-only approach that mimics human perception to navigate urban traffic, heavy rain, and high-speed highways.Autobrains’ Physical AI ecosystem also includes an air to road localization system, which uses compressed satellite imagery signatures to provide 10-centimeter positioning accuracy. Allowing the vehicle to localize itself globally and understand lane boundaries or construction sites without relying on expensive, high-maintenance HD maps.Looking ahead, Igal envisions a future where autonomous driving reaches a mass-market inflection point within the next five years. This evolution aims to fundamentally transform the industry by delivering a fully autonomous robo-car at a $30,000 price point, enabling every vehicle to become a revenue-generating asset that increases safety and gives time back to the consumer.Episode Chapters00:00 How the VinFast Deal Came Together03:16 Skills-Based Agentic AI Architecture 07:16 Six Cameras, 360° Coverage, Low Compute 09:37 Air-to-Road: Satellite Imagery Replaces HD Maps12:40 Robo-car Vision 15:10 The $30K Fully Autonomous Car 20:20 The Thinking Layer24:22 20 Teraflops, Sub-20ms Latency, Edge Computing 27:58 No Lidar: The Vision-Only Thesis 28:59 The Future of Autobrains--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy is the definitive media brand covering the Autonomy Economy™. Through our podcasts, newsletter, and proprietary market intelligence, we set the narrative for institutional investors, industry executives, and policymakers navigating the convergence of automation, autonomy, and economic growth.Join institutional investors and industry leaders who read This Week in The Autonomy Economy every Sunday. Each edition delivers exclusive insight and commentary on the autonomy economy, helping you stay ahead of what's next. Subscribe today for free: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

This week on Autonomy Markets, Grayson Brulte and Walter Piecyk discuss Uber’s new Autonomous Vehicle Solutions initiative, Waymo’s growing markets, and the growth of Physical AI powered by NVIDIA.As Uber’s stock languishes in the low seventies due to investor overhang about the future of autonomy, the company announced Uber Autonomous Solutions, a new initiative to support the growth of autonomous vehicles on the Uber platform.Grayson and Walt break down the initiative point by point, examining Uber’s strategy of providing training data, enriched mapping, venue management, and autonomous vehicle insurance. While Grayson views much of the in-car experience pitch as buzzword Alley, Walt argues that AV mission control and fleet management are the true meat of Uber’s strategy, aiming to provide the critical API for a fragmented market. This sparks a spirited debate on whether Uber is maintaining its asset-light identity or quietly creeping into asset-heavy operations by owning and operating robotaxi assets.The conversation then shifts to the geopolitical risks of Uber’s international partnerships, as the company recently hosted analysts in Abu Dhabi to meet with Chinese autonomous partners WeRide and Baidu. Grayson warns of the tremendous blowback and political risk this carries back home, especially given the current US administration’s active stance on social media regarding foreign technology.Walt and Grayson also discuss a recent broker report, shared by Uber CFO Balaji Krishnamurthy on X, that analyzed just 34 trips in Austin and claimed there is no cost advantage to autonomy. They call the sample size too small and the conclusions baffling given the obvious long-term benefits of removing human drivers.Contrasting Uber’s narrative tour, Waymo is aggressively scaling and growing revenue. This week, Waymo announced they have crossed 1 million fully autonomous freeway miles, expanded into Chicago and Charlotte, and opened up Dallas, Houston, San Antonio, and Orlando to early riders.Notably, Uber was absent from these new market announcements, leading Grayson to point out the potentially waning relationship between the two companies. Furthermore, he put on his inspector hat to uncover signs of Waymo’s grand ambitions in the EU, citing meetings with the European Commission and job postings for EU regulatory counsel.As Waymo scales, the capital markets are flowing for autonomy investments, highlighted by Wayve securing a $1.2 billion check at an $8.6 billion valuation. The round includes investments from SoftBank, NVIDIA, Stellantis, and Nissan, with Uber committing to own and operate the Wayve fleet in 10 upcoming markets, starting with London.Then there is the growth of physical AI, which NVIDIA announced contributed $6 billion in earnings last quarter, with CFO Colette Kress signaling that robotaxis and humanoids are poised to be major growth markets over the next decade.Episode Chapters00:00 Uber's Identity Crisis 1:33 Breaking Down Uber Autonomous Solutions20:43 Uber's Abu Dhabi Analyst Day & Chinese Tech Risks 35:37 Waymo Announces Chicago & Charlotte as New Markets 40:55 Uber and Waymo's Waning Relationship 42:03 Waymo Surpasses 1 Million Fully Autonomous Freeway Miles43:56 Waymo Eyes the EU Expansion 46:32 Wayve's $1.2B Funding Round50:39 NVIDIA, Physical AI, & Humanoids 53:04 Next WeekRecorded on Friday, February 27, 2026--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy is the definitive media brand covering the Autonomy Economy™. Through our podcasts, newsletter, and proprietary market intelligence, we set the narrative for institutional investors, industry executives, and policymakers navigating the convergence of automation, autonomy, and economic growth.Sign up for This Week in The Autonomy Economy newsletter: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Jay Iyengar, EVP, Chief Technology and Strategic Sourcing Officer, Oshkosh joined Grayson Brulte on The Road to Autonomy podcast to discuss Oshkosh’s approach to autonomy and the development of physical AI across their diverse industrial technology portfolio.The operational backbone of Oshkosh’s strategy is a hybrid approach targeted towards moments of autonomy where autonomy adds the most immediate value. By addressing repetitive, hazardous tasks and mitigating driver fatigue, Oshkosh is building purpose-built solutions to increase safety and productivity for the everyday heroes who build, serve, and protect communities.In the field, Oshkosh is rigorously applying Physical AI across a diverse array of use cases, from automating airport jet bridges that align precisely with aircraft doors to developing automated cargo loaders for complex tarmac operations.Oshkosh’s Physical AI ecosystem also includes the HARR-E robot for on-demand refuse collection in planned communities, as well as advancing autonomous capabilities for military leader-follower programs and next-generation delivery vehicles.Looking ahead, Jay envisions a future where Physical AI has its own transformative ChatGPT moment, becoming a ubiquitous and intuitive part of the industrial landscape. This evolution aims to fundamentally transform markets, ensuring that autonomous technology operates so seamlessly that operators can focus entirely on their work, ultimately saving lives, increasing productivity, and unlocking new economic activity.Episode Chapters00:00 Moments of Autonomy Philosophy 04:45 The Jet Bridge Bottleneck 07:20 Deploying Physical AI at the Gate 10:45 Navigating Tarmac Chaos and Regulations 14:15 Blueprint for the Airport of the Future 16:05 The Data Moat & Oshkosh's AI Stack 19:30 Weighing Trash with AI Side-Loaders 21:30 Meet HARR-E: The On-Demand Trash Robot 26:30 Revolutionizing the Postal Delivery Fleet 28:15 Why You Shouldn't Over-Engineer Sensors 30:30 The Hidden Power of Strategic Sourcing 32:20 Level 5 Military Learnings 35:10 Waiting for Physical AI’s ChatGPT Moment36:30 The Next 100 Years of Oshkosh --------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy is the definitive media brand covering the Autonomy Economy™. Through our podcasts, newsletter, and proprietary market intelligence, we set the narrative for institutional investors, industry executives, and policymakers navigating the convergence of automation, autonomy, and economic growth.Join institutional investors and industry leaders who read This Week in The Autonomy Economy every Sunday. Each edition delivers exclusive insight and commentary on the autonomy economy, helping you stay ahead of what's next. Subscribe today for free: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

This week on Autonomy Markets, Grayson Brulte and Walter Piecyk unpack a wave of developments reshaping the autonomous vehicle landscape. Data surfacing from a follow-up to a recent Senate hearing reveals that Waymo currently operates 3,000 autonomous vehicles supported by only 70 remote assistance agents worldwide.Grayson calls the ratio definitive proof of Waymo's technology lead, while Walt raises a pointed concern that roughly half of those remote roles are outsourced to the Philippines, creating a political vulnerability that could draw scrutiny as the industry scales.From there, the conversation turns to infrastructure. Uber is reportedly investing $100 million to build autonomous vehicle fast-charging stations across San Francisco, Los Angeles, and Dallas. The move sparks a spirited debate about Uber. Is the company that built its brand on being asset-light now quietly pivoting to an asset-heavy model to stay competitive in the autonomy era?On the regulatory front, Governor Kathy Hochul shelved a proposal that would have permitted robotaxis outside New York City, reportedly bowing to special interest pressure, a setback Grayson and Walt call deeply disappointing.Meanwhile, Iowa lawmakers are advancing bills requiring a human driver behind the wheel, creating a strange-bedfellows alliance between pro-autonomy hybrid network advocates and traditional opponents of autonomous driving technology.Shifting to hardware, Tesla's Cybercab secured an FCC order authorizing ultra-wideband radio technology for wireless charging. Grayson cautions, however, that FCC approval is only one piece of the puzzle, as Tesla still needs NHTSA exemptions to operate vehicles without steering wheels or pedals before any real-world scaling can begin.Closing out the episode, Aurora opened a new autonomous trucking lane stretching over 1,000 miles from Texas to Arizona, pushing the boundaries of long-haul autonomy. And in a notable signal from the OEM side, Paccar highlighted its partnership with Kodiak in its latest earnings release, underscoring how seriously legacy manufacturers are now starting to take the autonomous freight opportunity.Episode Chapters00:00 Waymo: 70 Remote Agents for 3,000 Cars04:00 The "Unforced Error" of Outsourcing Remote Assistance to the Philippines08:00 SFO Rideshare Volume and Waymo's Impact on Traditional TNCs15:00 New York Governor Hochul Pulls Robotaxi Proposal20:00 Iowa Lawmakers Push a Driver-In Bill23:00 Will the Real Uber Please Stand Up? The $100M Charging Pivot29:00 "Take or Pay" Contracts: Is Uber Blocking Competitors?32:00 Tesla Cybercab Gets FCC Wireless Charging Approval36:00 Tesla NHTSA Exemption38:00 Aurora Opens 1,000-Mile Autonomous Trucking LaneRecorded on Thursday, February 19, 2026--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy is the definitive media brand covering the Autonomy Economy™. Through our podcasts, newsletter, and proprietary market intelligence, we set the narrative for institutional investors, industry executives, and policymakers navigating the convergence of automation, autonomy, and economic growth.Sign up for This Week in The Autonomy Economy newsletter: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Grayson Brulte went on location to Miami to inspect Waymo's infrastructure buildout across the city, uncovering two depots that reveal the company's ambitious plans to scale to thousands of vehicles in South Florida.The first depot, located adjacent to Miami International Airport, has not yet broken ground but sits on a large parcel with significant room for expansion. A service road connects the site directly to the airport, without the need to use the highway, positioning Waymo for a seamless airport-to-destination corridor that could be operational within 12 to 18 months.The second depot, already operational in the Wynwood area near the Design District, is running what we estimate to be 20-plus vehicles with roughly 30-plus chargers situated next to a Florida Power & Light substation. The facility currently operates out of PODS with no covered garage, but vacant parcels on both sides and an adjacent warehouse present a clear path to scale. While we were there on the ground, FPL was on-site micro trenching, a potential signal that additional electrical capacity is being routed to the depot.Looking ahead, Waymo's ability to service a thousand vehicles between these two depots appears well within reach. The next frontier is the beaches, Surfside, North Beach, South Beach, where a third depot will likely be necessary to navigate Miami's notoriously heavy traffic. With Hard Rock Stadium hosting Dolphins games, F1, and the Super Bowl returning to Miami, the demand signal for robotaxis in this market is unmistakable.Episode Chapters0:00 Waymo's "Rat Pack" Ambitions in Miami1:00 The Airport Depot: Bypassing the Highway2:00 The Wynwood Depot: 35 Chargers & A Substation3:00 Miami Depots Compared to the Santa Monica Depot4:00 From PODS to Warehouses: The Expansion Plan5:00 The FPL Signal: Micro-Trenching 6:00 Expanding Depots to Surfside & South Beach7:00 The Super Bowl & Hard Rock Stadium Demand8:00 The Future Is Bright. The Future Is Autonomous. Watch the video version of this podcast on YouTube: https://youtu.be/VB2kFhkSDkE--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy provides market intelligence and strategic advisory services to institutional investors and companies, delivering insights needed to stay ahead of emerging trends in the autonomy economy™. To learn more, say hello (at) roadtoautonomy.com.Sign up for This Week in The Autonomy Economy newsletter: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Stuart Young, Program Manager, Tactical Technology Office, DARPA joined Grayson Brulte on The Road to Autonomy podcast to discuss DARPA’s RACER (Robotic Autonomy in Complex Environments with Resiliency) Program and the development of high-speed autonomous vehicles capable of navigating unstructured off-road terrain without maps or GPS.The operational backbone of this program is a departure from the breadcrumb approach of the Grand Challenge, challenging robots to navigate complex, unstructured environments at speeds faster than manned formations. By removing the dependency on pre-existing maps and GPS, DARPA is forcing the autonomous systems to generalize across environments.In the field, RACER has rigorously tested platforms ranging from modified Polaris RZRs to Textron M5 tracked vehicles across diverse landscapes, including the Mojave Desert, Camp Roberts, and Fort Hood. This ecosystem has not only spurred the creation of companies such as Overland AI and Field AI but also demonstrated tactical relevance, as seen when the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment utilized RACER technology as an opposition force at the National Training Center.Looking ahead, Stuart envisions a future where autonomy shifts from simple movement to strategic maneuver, enabling a single operator to command platoons of vehicles. This evolution aims to fundamentally change the risk calculus for soldiers while opening new opportunities for dual-use applications in mining, agriculture and search and rescue.Episode Chapters0:00 The History of Autonomy at DARPA: From the Grand Challenge to Today6:54 How RACER Differs from The Grand Challenge11:59 Operating Without Maps or GPS14:00 Managing Heat, Acoustic, and Visual Signatures in Autonomy19:43 Testing in the Mojave, Central California, and Texas25:11 Building the RACER Brain and Spawning New Companies (Overland AI, Field AI)27:12 The Rules of RACER: Speed Metrics and “No Maps” Constraints33:36 The Hardware: Modifying Polaris RZRs and Textron M5 Tanks37:37 Requirements vs. Possibilities40:01 Field Testing with the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment at the National Training Center44:43 Deploying RACER in the Field46:12 The Legacy of RACER: Dual-Use Applications and Saving Lives--------About The Road to AutonomyThe Road to Autonomy provides market intelligence and strategic advisory services to institutional investors and companies, delivering insights needed to stay ahead of emerging trends in the autonomy economy™. To learn more, say hello (at) roadtoautonomy.com.Sign up for This Week in The Autonomy Economy newsletter: https://www.roadtoautonomy.com/ae/See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.