
The Conspiracy Show
1,992 episodes — Page 3 of 40
The Trucker Revolution--The Role Of Civil Disobedience In A Healthy Democracy and Autopsy Of A Pandemic-The Trucker Revolution--The Role Of Civil Disobedience In A Healthy Democracy
In hour one, Richard welcomes a U.S. constitutional lawyer to discuss the massive trucker protest sweeping across Canada and the world. He'll explain the role of civil disobedience in democracy and when it crosses the line. Guest: Jonathan W. Emord has been practicing constitutional and administrative law before the federal courts and agencies since 1985. Having begun his career as an attorney in the Federal Communications Commission during the administration of President Ronald Reagan, Emord has maintained an abiding conviction to achieve full First Amendment protection for the freedoms of speech and press. In 1991, he authored the critically acclaimed Freedom, Technology, and the First Amendment in which he chronicled the intellectual foundations of the First Amendment and advocated replacing government control over the airwaves with a title registry, private property rights approach.
The Trucker Revolution--The Role Of Civil Disobedience In A Healthy Democracy and Autopsy Of A Pandemic-Autopsy Of A Pandemic
Richard welcomes a researcher/writer to discuss the mysterious disappearance and reappearance of the flu, natural vs. vaccine-induced immunity, the inability of the vaccines to control the virus and other extraordinary lessons about the end of the pandemic. Plus the former head of Alberta's Emergency Management explains how governments across Canada did the exact opposite of what they were supposed to do in response to the pandemic. Guest: Julius Ruechel is a former organic cattle rancher who spent time in the financial markets. He now dedicates his time examining COVID data and writing about the pandemic. Guest: David Redman has worked with all orders of government and extensively with the private sector to develop emergency management in Alberta, Canada and North America. Prior to work in EMA, he had a twenty-seven career as an officer in the Canadian Armed Forces. His military experience was predominately in command appointments in operational field positions, including three tours as a Commanding Officer, responsible for massive strategic, operational and tactical international logistical operations (i.e. the withdraw of all Canadian personnel and resources from Canadian Forces Europe in Lahr following the end of the Cold War, the withdraw of all Canadian United Nations personnel and resources from the Former Republic of Yugoslavia during the 1995 War and the deployment of Canadian NATO Forces into Bosnia). During his military career, he served in nineteen geographic locations, including three NATO postings to Germany, a posting to California, and postings or employment in most Provinces and Territories in Canada. He also was deployed on operational tours in support of the United Nations and NATO; in Egypt in 1978, Croatia in 1995 and Bosnia in 1996.
The Trucker Revolution--The Role Of Civil Disobedience In A Healthy Democracy and Autopsy Of A Pandemic-The Trucker Revolution--The Role Of Civil Disobedience In A Healthy Democracy
The Trucker Revolution--The Role Of Civil Disobedience In A Healthy Democracy and Autopsy Of A Pandemic-Autopsy Of A Pandemic
The Bible And Our Multi-Dimensional Reality and Healing The Mind Virus-Healing The Mind Virus
In the second half, Richard welcomes a pioneer in the field of spiritual emergence and a Tibetan Buddhist practitioner to discuss the Native American idea of the wetiko mind-virus said to infect much of the population. Guest: Paul Levy had a life-changing spiritual awakening in 1981, in which he began to wake up to the dream-like nature of reality. During the first year of his spiritual emergence, he was hospitalized several times, diagnosed with having had a severe psychotic break. He was told that he had a chemical imbalance and had manic-depressive illness. Fortunately, he was able to quickly extricate himself from the medical and psychiatric establishment. In 1993, he started to teach about what he was realizing.
The Bible And Our Multi-Dimensional Reality and Healing The Mind Virus-The Bible And Our Multi-Dimensional Reality
In hour one, Richard welcomes a Christian pastor and Amazon-best selling author who summarizes the key sections of the Bible from Genesis to Revelation while focusing on Jesus Christ's absolute command of the multiple dimensions. Guest: Carl Gallups is the long-time Senior Pastor of Hickory Hammock Baptist Church. He is the author of the bestseller, "Magic Man in the Sky." Additionally, he is a conference leader, evangelist, and Christian media icon. Carl is one of the founders of video teaching material to the world famous PPSIMMONS You Tube ministry and Biblical apologetics channel. He is a graduate of Florida State University and The New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary.
The Bible And Our Multi-Dimensional Reality and Healing The Mind Virus-Healing The Mind Virus
The Bible And Our Multi-Dimensional Reality and Healing The Mind Virus-The Bible And Our Multi-Dimensional Reality
Demographic Predictions and Occult Symbols In Cinema-Demographic Predictions
In the first hour, Richard welcomes a marketing expert to discuss coming trends using the tool of demographics. He'll discuss what the coming population decrease means and the changes caused by an aging population. Guest: Kenneth Gronbach is an internationally respected demographer who has been able to forecast societal, commercial, economic, cultural and political phenomena with uncanny accuracy. Ken's unusual blend of marketing savvy and common sense demography, based on twenty years of proprietary demographic study, sets him apart. Ken keynotes all over the United States and does customized demographic research.
Demographic Predictions and Occult Symbols In Cinema-Occult Symbols In Cinema
In hour 2, Richard speaks with an author/historian/film researcher who reveals some of the gnostic, and alchemical symbology skillfully encoded by directors into movies. Guest: Robert W. Sullivan IV is a philosopher, historian, antiquarian, jurist, theologian, writer, and lawyer. He attended Gettysburg College in Pennsylvania becoming a brother of Lambda Chi Alpha (Theta Pi, member #1199) fraternity. He earned his B.A. in History in 1995. Prior to attending law school in the United States he spent the Michaelmas Term 1995 at Trinity College, Oxford University studying jurisprudence and international law. From 1997 to 2000 he attended Widener University School of Law, Delaware Campus, from where he received his Juris Doctorate. Admitted to the State Bar of Maryland (2000) as well as the District of Columbia (2002), Mr. Sullivan is a Freemason, having joined Amicable-St. John's Lodge #25, Baltimore Maryland in 1997; he became a 32nd degree Scottish Rite Mason in 1999, Valley of Baltimore, Orient of Maryland.
Demographic Predictions and Occult Symbols In Cinema-Demographic Predictions
Demographic Predictions and Occult Symbols In Cinema-Occult Symbols In Cinema
The Sleeping Church and The Rise Of The Antichrist System and Back To The Egg-Back To The Egg
In hour two, Richard welcomes an inventor and entrepreneur, who discusses her Harmonic Egg which utilizes sound and light to activate healing. Guest: Gail Lynn is an inventor, author, intuitive, spiritual teacher and business leader. In her work, Gail shares insights and speaks about the modality of sound and light, healing old traumas, and taking back your life as a means to healing the mind, body, and soul. She also shares how universal laws, law of attraction, and law of cause and effect as the means by which illness entered her body--and then how she healed these conditions through ancient healing practices.
The Sleeping Church and The Rise Of The Antichrist System and Back To The Egg-The Sleeping Church and The Rise Of The Antichrist System
In the first hour, Richard speaks with two writer/researchers who argue western Christianity has become a "corrupt cult" which has turned a blind eye to malevolent and polarizing forces at work in society today. Guest: Donna Howell is the current managing editor and writer/researcher for Defender Publishing and former CEO of Anomalos Publishing. Donna is the best-selling author of "Handmaidens Conspiracy, Radicals, Final Fire, and Redeemed Unreedemable." She has also recently co-authored "Encounters" (with Allie Anderson-Henson,) and "Afterlife" (with Allie Anderson-Henson and Josh Peck.) Guest: Allie Henson is a credentialed private investigator that oversees the research arm of SkyWatch TV and Defender Publishing. Her exploratory works have appeared in numerous books, documentaries, magazines, and television specials. Recent contributions include her best-sellers "Timebomb," and "Unscrambling the Millennial Paradox." Her latest title with co-author Donna Howell, "Encounters," uncovered the truth about God's holy messengers and firmly addresses the theological errors popular in our Church today.
The Sleeping Church and The Rise Of The Antichrist System and Back To The Egg-Back To The Egg
The Sleeping Church and The Rise Of The Antichrist System and Back To The Egg-The Sleeping Church and The Rise Of The Antichrist System
Social Media Censorship and Big Tech and The Mystery Of Ingersoll Lockwood-The Mystery Of Ingersoll Lockwood
Richard welcomes two writers/researchers who delve into the life of prophetic author Ingersoll Lockwood, whose books were written before the turn of the 20th Century, but both contain eerie similarities with modern day political events. Guests: Todd Wodd and Walter Bosley are authors of The Mystery of Ingersoll Lockwood Vol. 1 The Lost Future Series; and The Curious Case of Margaretta Todd Vol. 2 The Lost Future Series.
Social Media Censorship and Big Tech and The Mystery Of Ingersoll Lockwood-Social Media Censorship and Big Tech
Richard welcomes the co-founder of an alternative social media platform to discuss social media censorship and the power and impact of big tech companies, the critical nature of privacy and end-to-end encrypted communications, as well as the importance of the deradicalization of the internet and how free discourse rather than censorship is empirically proven to combat polarization and extremism. Guest: Bill Ottman is the CEO of Minds, a leading alternative social network with over 5M users. They are building an open-source and decentralized app that shares revenue and crypto with the community. Bill himself is extremely passionate about addressing privacy concerns surrounding big tech platforms. Bill is extremely passionate about free speech, censorship, etc. He is also knowledgeable in UFO history, conspiracies, psychedelics, freedom, art, and satire.
Social Media Censorship and Big Tech and The Mystery Of Ingersoll Lockwood-The Mystery Of Ingersoll Lockwood
Social Media Censorship and Big Tech and The Mystery Of Ingersoll Lockwood-Social Media Censorship and Big Tech
Financial And Geopolitical Astrology and UFO/ET Disclosure: The Year That Was-UFO/ET Disclosure: The Year That Was
In Hour 2, Richard speaks with one of Canada's top UFO/ET Disclosure advocates and UAP researchers for a look back at the major events of 2021 that shaped the disclosure movement. Guest: Victor Viggiani is a retired school Principal from Toronto, Ontario, Canada. He has a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Sociology and Psychology (York University Toronto Ontario Canada) and a Masters in Educational Administration and Curriculum Development (Brock University, St. Catherines, Ontario, Canada). Victor's research and analysis of anomalous aerial phenomenon spans over 30 years. His experience involves UFO sightings report investigation, counselling work with individuals reporting anomalous experiences, presentations and journalism in the field of ETI Disclosure issues.
Financial And Geopolitical Astrology and UFO/ET Disclosure: The Year That Was-Financial And Geopolitical Astrology
In the first hour, Richard welcomes an astrologer to discuss how planetary alignments will affect finance, geopolitics and civil unrest in the coming year. Guest: William Stickevers utilizes a broad scope of political, economic, psychological, spiritual, and metaphysical knowledge to systematically explore possibilities about the future and how they can emerge from the present by weaving current secular trends, geopolitical factors, and mundane astrological portents. A counseling astrologer since 1988, mostly in New York City and now in San Francisco, William is well versed in psychological, Horary, Electional, Medieval, and Renaissance branches of astrology, certified in Astro*Carto*Graphy, and worked with Alphee Lavoie of Astrological Institute of Research (AIR). William has lectured for the National Council for Geocosmic Research, American Federation of Astrologers, the Astrological Society of Connecticut, the San Francisco Astrological Society, and in Germany, Romania, and Japan. In addition to being one of five astrologers recommended on Michael Lutin's Financial Astrology page, William has been invited by Kepler College, "We the People" and the Stars Online Astrology Event, and the META Center (NYC) to participate on panel discussions on the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election, the political and economic future of the U.S., and the Mayan 5th Age, respectively.
Financial And Geopolitical Astrology and UFO/ET Disclosure: The Year That Was-UFO/ET Disclosure: The Year That Was
Financial And Geopolitical Astrology and UFO/ET Disclosure: The Year That Was-Financial And Geopolitical Astrology
Remote Viewing And Visions For 2022 and High Strangeness in Kentucky-High Strangeness in Kentucky
Richard speaks with an author and folklorist about his collection of strange and mostly true stories from his home state of Kentucky. Guest: Steve E. Asher is a paranormal investigator and a native of Princeton, Kentucky. He is also a published author with multiple books to his credit. Steve is an artist, podcast host, and musician. He is a fan of horror and paranormal subjects. Previously Steve worked over ten years in law enforcement and as a correctional officer. Steve is a longtime researcher of the strange and the unusual. He has traveled worldwide in a pursuit to learn of legends and folklore from other cultures. Steve is an avid lover of the nighttime. He has said this is when he feels most truly alive, in the darkness of the night, and therefore most productive in his paranormal research and writing.
Remote Viewing And Visions For 2022 and High Strangeness in Kentucky-Remote Viewing And Visions For 2022
In the first hour, Richard welcomes a world renowned remote viewer to discuss his visions and predictions for the upcoming year. Guest: Dr. Douglas James Cottrell is best known as a trance clairvoyant. He is a spiritual healer, teacher, and published author who demonstrates many abilities studied by Noetic Sciences (the study of consciousness), including clairvoyance, telepathy, energy healing, remote viewing, prediction, and prophecy. He is one of a select few able to demonstrate all of these abilities, and even fewer who are considered a reliable information source. He teaches people the world over about spiritual development through the practice of meditation and the application of spiritual principles in daily life.
Remote Viewing And Visions For 2022 and High Strangeness in Kentucky-High Strangeness in Kentucky
Remote Viewing And Visions For 2022 and High Strangeness in Kentucky-Remote Viewing And Visions For 2022
Saturn Worship and Native American Legends, Dogmen, Bigfoot And Werewolves-Native American Legends, Dogmen, Bigfoot And Werewolves
n the second hour, Richard speaks with a horror/sci-fi author and intrepid cryptid researcher about the legend of the werewolf as well as his work researching dogmen and bigfoot sightings. Guest: D.A. Roberts is a cryptozoologist and an author of fiction, primarily in the horror/dystopian and science fiction genres. Born in Lebanon, Missouri, he now lives in Springfield, Missouri with his wife and sons. For most of his career, D.A. served his community in law enforcement. D.A. also co-hosts a popular podcast called D.A. Ex Machina.
Saturn Worship and Native American Legends, Dogmen, Bigfoot And Werewolves-Saturn Worship
In hour one Richard welcomes an author/broadcaster and expert on end times prophecy to discuss worship of the god Saturn by the ancient Romans, the Hurrians who lived all over Canaan, and the Philistine giants of David's day who belonged to a warrior cult that worshiped the "sons of Saturn," the Nephilim. The god Saturn goes by many names, including Kronos, El and Molech, and the chief of the rebellious Watchers on Mount Hermon, Shemihazah. Guest: Derek P. Gilbert hosts the news analysis program Five in Ten for SkyWatchTV and co-hosts the weekly video programs SciFriday and Unraveling Revelation with his wife, author, and analyst Sharon K. Gilbert. Derek is the author of the groundbreaking books Bad Moon Rising, The Great Inception, and Last Clash of the Titans.
Saturn Worship and Native American Legends, Dogmen, Bigfoot And Werewolves-Native American Legends, Dogmen, Bigfoot And Werewolves
Saturn Worship and Native American Legends, Dogmen, Bigfoot And Werewolves-Saturn Worship
"PLANDEMIC" The Movie and Ancient Antarctic Civilizations-Ancient Antarctic Civilizations, Little People And Bigfoot
Richard welcomes a journalist and founder of an alternative news website to discuss recent discoveries using Google Earth of what appear to be ancient cities emerging from beneath the frozen ice in Antarctica. She also discuss the latest reports of sightings of legendary Little People and Bigfoot. Guest: Mary Joyce has worked for two major metropolitan newspapers--The Orlando Sentinel in Florida as an artist and columnist, and The Oakland Press in Michigan as a Sunday magazine editor and then feature editor. On the side, she's written magazine articles and books. Since 2008, she has been the main researcher and editor for the Sky Ships Over Cashiers website which features a wide variety of cutting-edge topics--from UFOs to secret underground bases; from Bigfoot to Cherokee Little People. Mary has gone from investigating mob stories in Detroit, including Jimmy Hoffa's death, to interviewing people with the highest top-secret clearances about clandestine government activities. She even has had face-to-face interviews with a whistleblower with Cosmic Top-Secret clearance who once worked within the top tier of the infamous international cabal.
"PLANDEMIC" The Movie and Ancient Antarctic Civilizations-"PLANDEMIC" The Movie/ Will Hillary Be Installed As President?
Richard welcomes the documentary filmmaker behind the most banned and censored documentary series in history, Plandemic and Plandemic, and Plandemic 2: Indoctrination. Then, Richard speaks with a syndicated talk-radio host about his prediction that the Democrats are planning to push President Biden aside and install Hillary Clinton as President before the next presidential election in 2024. Guest: Mikki Willis is the founder of Elevate; a production company on a mission, Elevate is one of the most prolific creators of socially conscious media. As a filmmaker he has been granted rare access into the minds and hearts of world re-known philosophers, scientists, physicists, doctors, authors, shamans, and human development experts. As a director he has helmed numerous award winning and record setting productions, including theatrical features, network television specials, commercials, and music videos for platinum artists. Guest: Wayne Allen Root is a bestselling Conservative author, syndicated columnist, former Libertarian vice presidential nominee and host of Wayne Allen Root - Raw and Unfiltered on the US Radio Network.
\"PLANDEMIC\" The Movie and Ancient Antarctic Civilizations-Ancient Antarctic Civilizations, Little People And Bigfoot
\"PLANDEMIC\" The Movie and Ancient Antarctic Civilizations-\"PLANDEMIC\" The Movie/ Will Hillary Be Installed As President?
Geoengineered Transhumanism-Geoengineered Transhumanism, Hr 2
Richard continues to discuss geoengineering and transhumanism with author and researcher Elana Freeland, including 5G rollout, digital biology, and the weaponization of bacteria via computers.
Geoengineered Transhumanism-Geoengineered Transhumanism, Hr 1
Richard welcomes a writer/researcher who reveals how geoengineering has been used for decades to control the ionosphere with phased array heater blasts so as to maintain an ionized atmosphere in which chemicals, nanotechnology, and synbio synergies can be continuously laid by jets, drones, and rockets in the name of "climate change." Thus, the groundwork for the synbio (synthetic biology) neural network inside Human 1.0 began by manipulating the macro environment upon which our extraordinary interior micro environment depends. The air we breathe, the soil we grow our food in, the water we must replenish-all have been commandeered by biotech and Big Pharma for Human 2.0 Transhumanism. Guest: Elana Freeland is a writer, ghostwriter, teacher and lecturer who researches and writes on Deep State issues like geoengineering, MK-ULTRA, ritual abuse, targeting and invasive electromagnetic weapons. She is best known for Under An Ionized Sky: From Chemtrails to Space Fence Lockdown (Feral House, February 2018) and Chemtrails, HAARP, and the Full Spectrum Dominance of Planet Earth (Feral House, June 2014) and now the third and last book in the trilogy, Geoengineered Transhumanism: How the Environment Has Been Weaponized by Chemicals, Electromagnetism, & Nanotechnology for Synthetic Biology (October 2021). Under An Ionized Sky was translated into Serbian and is recommended reading at a Technical University in Serbia, Nikola Tesla's home nation; to date, it is the only book available to the public that goes into detail about how Tesla technology has been weaponized on a planetary scale. Elana came of age in the eye of the Sixties maelstrom. Her 4-book series Sub Rosa America: A Deep State History exposes the hidden history of America since President John F. Kennedy's televised assassination. Freeland's undergraduate degree was in creative writing with a second major in biology. Her Master of Arts degree from St. John's College in Santa Fe, New Mexico concentrated on historiography, and her thesis was awarded honors.
Geoengineered Transhumanism-Geoengineered Transhumanism, Hr 2
Geoengineered Transhumanism-Geoengineered Transhumanism, Hr 1
JFK Assassination Special-JFK Assassination Special, Hr 2
The conversation about Oliver Stone and the JFK assassination continues, and Richard poses questions submitted by listeners.
JFK Assassination Special-JFK Assassination Special, Hr 1
Richard welcomes one of world's foremost authorities on the JFK assassination to discuss his latest project: a documentary film on Kennedy's murder, directed by Oliver Stone, which is informed by revelations uncovered from the nearly two million pages of documents declassified by the Assassination Records Review Board. Guest: James DiEugenio has an MA in Contemporary American History from California State University Northridge. He is also a specialist in the history and theory of cinema, and has written numerous film reviews. Jim is one of the foremost researchers into the major assassinations of the 1960's. His first book: Destiny Betrayed, was an in depth look at the Garrison investigation. In 1993 he co-founded both Citizens for Truth about the Kennedy Assassination, and the following year: the Coalition on Political Assassinations. Along with Lisa Pease he co-edited COPA's journal: Probe Magazine from 1993-2000, and later assisted in a compilation of the Probe articles which was published as The Assassinations. In response to Vincent Bugliosi's Reclaiming History and associated film Parkland, DiEugenio published Reclaiming Parkland, a critique of Bugliosi's methodology, evidence, and findings in the Kennedy Assassination. Jim was a guest commentator on the anniversary issue of the film "JFK" re-released by Warner Brothers in 2013. Most recently, Jim wrote the screenplay for Oliver Stone's latest film, JFK Revisited: Through the Looking Glass.
JFK Assassination Special-JFK Assassination Special, Hr 2
JFK Assassination Special-JFK Assassination Special, Hr 1
Mysteries Of Oak Island and The Culture War-Mysteries Of Oak Island
In the first hour, Richard welcomes an attorney turned author who focuses on fictionalized accounts of pre-Columbian exploration of North America, including legends of lost Templar Treasure located on Nova Scotia's Oak Island. Guest: David S. Brody is an 8-time Amazon bestselling fiction writer and author of 16 novels. His children call him a "rock nerd" because of the time he spends studying ancient stone structures which he believes evidence exploration of America prior to Columbus. A graduate of Tufts University and Georgetown Law School, he has served as a Director of the New England Antiquities Research Association (NEARA) and is an avid researcher in the subject of pre-Columbus exploration of America. He has frequently appeared as a guest expert on documentaries airing on History Channel, Travel Channel, PBS and Discovery Channel. A long-time resident of Westford, MA and native of Laconia, NH, he currently resides in Newburyport, MA with his wife, sculptor Kimberly Scott.
Mysteries Of Oak Island and The Culture War-The Culture War
In hour two, Richard welcomes a writer, humorist and social critic to discuss the difficulty of navigating the current cultural climate due to the constantly shifting moral values, cultural double standards, the outright manipulation of reality by the media, a dangerous consolidation in the business community, and the strange WOKE agenda. Guest: Charlie Robinson is the author of three works of non-fiction. When he isn't writing books, he's the host of the Macroaggressions podcast which can be found on iTunes, Spotify, IHeart Radio, Rokfin, YouTube, and Ickonic. He also is the co-host of the wildly popular roundtable podcast, The Union of the Unwanted, with Sam Tripoli (Tin Foil Hat), Ricky Varandas (The Ripple Effect), and Midnight Mike (OBDM).
Mysteries Of Oak Island and The Culture War-Mysteries Of Oak Island
Mysteries Of Oak Island and The Culture War-The Culture War
Twisted Sister and Diary of a Deputy Coroner-Diary of a Deputy Coroner
In the second hour, Richard welcomes a former deputy coroner about investigating deaths, and her encounters with the spirits of the dead. Guest: Donna Francart worked for nearly nine years as a deputy coroner conducting medico-legal death investigations, which are those involving suspicious, violent, unexplained, or unexpected deaths. Lacking access to structured debriefings, Francart turned to journaling as a way of privately unpacking the profound grief she faced and preserving her own mental well-being. As she did, she found herself in a conundrum of perplexing relationships with both the living and the dead. With her book "I've Seen Dead People", she shares her unfiltered thoughts and emotions as she navigates a world most of us cannot imagine -- a world Francart was drawn to out of a genuine desire to help others during their darkest hours. BOOK: I've Seen Dead People
Twisted Sister and Diary of a Deputy Coroner-Twisted Sister
In the first half, Richard speaks with a guitarist, founder, and manager of a world-famous heavy metal band about growing up in New York City in the sixties, working as a drug dealer and struggling as an addict before quitting cold-turkey, and finally, creating and cultivating Twisted Sister and turning it into one of the most successful brands in the world. Guest: Jay Jay French founded Twisted Sister, the internationally renowned heavy metal band, nearly fifty years ago. Since then, he has catapulted his career to become one of the most successful managers, producers, and entrepreneurs in the music business. French has amassed thirty-nine gold and platinum albums as a musician, manager, producer, and executive producer, and has performed over 9,000 shows in forty countries, selling 20 million records around the world. A charter member of the Long Island Music Hall of Fame, he is considered a leading expert on vintage guitars and high-end music equipment. BOOK: Twisted Business: Lessons From My Life In Rock 'n Roll