Search the Scriptures Live

The roots of Orthodox biblical interpretation are found in Christ himself, followed by the apostles. How did Jesus interpret the Scriptures? How did other rabbis interpret them? Why does the Bible even require interpretation if we are all using the same New Testament?

After following up with questions about some apocryphal historical errors that appear in Church hymns, we will turn our attention to early Jewish and pagan interpretation and how that impacted Christian biblical interpretation.

False books, "apocrypha," were written by heretics who signed the names of apostles to give them credibility. But some apocrypha were not heretical. They contained stories about the youth of Jesus or the Virgin Mary. Is there anything wrong with reading those stories?

Who created the apocrypha and why? Why did the Fathers oppose Christians reading them? In this lesson, we will look at the rise of apocryphal writings and discuss why they were created. We will read excerpts from them to illustrate why they were rejected by the Church.

Although general consensus for the NT canon was reached around AD 400, many surprising variations continued. Complete uniformity did not exist for hundreds of years. Revelation was in, then out, then in. Why? Ethiopia has a unique canonical tradition we will also explore.

What were the main factors considered for including books in the Christian canon, which books were easily accepted, and which books faced opposition? Who decided ultimately which books the New Testament would contain? The answer is not what you think!

Certain controversies arose during the second century that created problems for the writings of the Apostle John. Some actively lobbied to keep the Gospel out of the New Testament. What was their motivation, what accusations did they raise and who came to John's defense?

Developments occurred in the second century that impacted the Church, and eventually, controversies and crises created the need for a Christian collection of Scripture. But which books would be included? Apostolic writings were not immediately considered "Scripture." Why not?

How did the Jewish Scriptures function for the early Church? What was the Jewish canon for the Jews and for the first Christians? When and why did Christians begin to compose and collect their own writings?

Is there a "best" English translation? What does a translator consider when choosing between words? Which popular Bibles are actually not translations but distortions? Dr Jeannie share her experiences as a translator and compares various versions for efficacy and accuracy.

The number of English Versions has exploded in recent years. Why? How are they different? What should you consider and what should you avoid? We'll look at the history of the English Bible, and Dr Jeannie will share some of her personal experiences in doing translation work.

Accurate and effective translation of the Bible requires language knowledge but also other skills. What considerations must translators weigh and how does their approach affect the final version? What should readers bear in mind?

Certain translations of the Bible have played an important role in Christian and Jewish history, especially the Septuagint and the Masoretic Text. Why were they created and why are they important?

Critics of Christianity claim that the birth of Jesus is simply copied from pagan mythologies. We'll examine those claims and make a true comparison of the "other accounts" of Virgin Births in antiquity. Are they in fact similar or not?

In the first of two special lessons on the Nativity of Christ, we will look at lesser discussed details about the birth of Christ, such as how the devil was deceived and why the name of David is mentioned often in the genealogy of Christ, with the Fathers as our guides!

No two manuscripts of any biblical book are exactly alike. Why not? Does this affect the reliability of the Scriptures, and should we be concerned? What do ancient manuscripts look like?

Your neatly printed Bible is based on thousands of handwritten manuscripts. Where are they? How old are they? How were manuscripts produced in the past, and how are they analyzed today? What happens when manuscripts don't agree?

Early Christians relied on oral tradition since that was the norm in education, not only for them but for all ancient people. There were also many times when Christians intentionally did not write important things down. Is there any evidence that oral tradition is reliable?

The Bible relies heavily on oral tradition, even though it is written. Why is that the case? How did early Christians learn about Jesus? How did they interact with Scriptures, and what role did oral tradition play in the Church? Is oral tradition reliable, and if so, how?

The concept that God actually gets angry and has similar human emotions and traits is not only theologically incorrect but spiritually damaging. This week, we hear from both listeners and the Fathers as we continue to discuss biblical language when it must not be taken literally.

As we continue our discussion of why God does not get angry, jealous, or otherwise behave as a human being, we will look at some of the most famous passages of the Bible and how the Fathers explain the "behavior" of God, especially in Genesis.

Reorienting ourselves to think differently about God is a challenge, but necessary if we are to have a correct understanding of God and the Bible. Even the ancient Fathers understood that God does not get angry or jealous. Can we raise our minds to understand why?

The human language of the Bible is entirely inadequate to express truths about God. Many descriptive words cannot be understood literally, such as God becoming angry. We must accept this limitation to have correct concepts about God and a deeper understanding of the Bible.

The Fathers shared certain basic assumptions about the Bible, including the belief that every detail in the Bible had a useful spiritual purpose. Even the most ordinary passage can convey deep insights if properly interpreted.

Did God dictate the Bible word for word? That idea makes inspiration easy to understand, but is very problematic, not to mention simplistic and naive. The ancient Christian view of the Fathers was deep, sophisticated, and reflected the highest regard for the human person.

Our connection to the early Church is clearly evident in our interpretation of the Bible. Why is the Orthodox method of biblical interpretation so important? Why does it work, and how does it work? We will compare Chrysostom and Augustine as bishops and biblical interpreters.

Many methods of modern biblical interpretation have distorted the Bible, and this trend has only worsened. How did these perspectives gain a foothold in universities and society? How has Orthodoxy preserved the correct interpretation of the Bible from the early Church?

The modern era has led to advancements in biblical studies, but also to numerous controversies resulting from modern biblical criticism. What is "biblical criticism" and does it have any benefits? How does the Orthodox Church understand the Bible and its interpretation?

What makes a religious book "Scripture"? Why is the Bible sometimes hard to understand? Why is it called the "New Testament"? Why did the Fathers of the Church encourage reading of the Bible? Did people follow their advice, or did they just make excuses like we do?

Dr. Constantinou begins a new series, Introduction to the New Testament. She explains why the Bible must be seriously studied, where the word "Bible" came from, and why, according to St. John Chrysostom, it is unfortunate that the Bible even exists. So why does it exist?

Matthew's gospel concludes with "the Great Commission," when the Lord sent his disciples to preach and baptize. The passage raises questions about faith and doubt, the mission of the Church to evangelize, the Trinity, baptism, and more. As always, the Fathers will guide us.

Christ appeared to many people after the Resurrection, but only to his followers. Why didn't he appear to those who crucified him - to Pilate, Caiaphas, and the Sanhedrin? Wouldn't that be logical? Non-Orthodox sometimes say "God raised Jesus," but Orthodox never do. Why not?

What are the parameters of an Orthodox Christian funeral? What is allowed, what is disallowed, and why? Should Orthodox parishes create burial societies? What is the purpose and benefit of that ministry? Fr. John Reimann will join us to discuss this!

"Tollhouses," the belief that after death a soul is subject to a series of questions or examinations about its life, is an area of disagreement in Orthodoxy. Where does the idea come from? Is it a firmly settled teaching expected of all Orthodox? Fr. Costas will join us!

What is the body, and why does it matter what we do to it or with it after someone dies? Will you or someone else control your final destiny? The Church does not give cremation as an option. Why not? Why does the choice made for you by others at the end of your life matter?

We give little thought to the contribution of our body toward our salvation, but we will be raised for judgment in the body, through which and by which we either lived a godly life or not. Then we will experience heaven or hell with the body. The Holy Fathers will explain.

What can we learn from Christ’s resurrected body about our future life in the Kingdom of Heaven, and why should we care? If we misuse the body on earth in this life, what consequences will we face in the next life after our death?

The oldest written account of the Resurrection predates the gospels by decades and contains astonishing details. Most surprisingly, this compelling proof came from the worst enemy of the Church.

Atheists and doubters accused Christians of inventing the Resurrection, copying ancient mythologies of dead heroes or gods. But the Resurrection of Jesus is a historical event so dramatically different that is cannot be compared to anything that came before or since.

Some arguments raised against the Resurrection of Christ seem plausible at first, but actually they are illogical. Meanwhile, the followers of a modern rabbi insist that he is the promised Messiah, not Jesus. But how well does he compare to Jesus of Nazareth?

The women disciples discover that the tomb is empty. They are told that Christ is risen. The morning is marked by fear and confusion at this unexpected turn of events, wonder at the angelic message, and joy upon meeting the Risen Lord.

Myrrh, aloes, nard, spices...Exactly what are these substances that are mentioned so frequently in the Bible? Where did they come from? How and why were they used? Why did the female followers of Jesus return to the tomb on Sunday, and was the Lord's mother among them?

What do we know about the women who followed Christ? They were present for the burial, but later discovered the empty tomb. Were they merely admirers with no significant role in his ministry, except for his burial? What substances did they bring to the tomb and why?

The gospels include a few details regarding the location of the tomb of Jesus. One site has been venerated by pilgrims for literally hundreds of years, but does any historical or scientific evidence support that location as the actual burial place of Christ?

Fr. Costas joins us this week as we take a look at the Centurion's statement, Joseph of Arimathea, the burial of Jesus in Matthew's gospel, and more discussion about the soul after death and Christ in Hades.

Christ's powerful death unleashes incredible signs of his divinity, such as the tearing of the Temple curtain, an earthquake, and the raising of people long dead. Jewish authors from the early Church era reported strange omens about the Temple's fate. What does it all mean?