SciShow Tangents

Plants and animals get all the glory, but fungi are out there every day, breaking down leaf litter, making our bread nice and fluffy, and fermenting alcohols. They deserve a little thanks, so we did a whole episode about them!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! If you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:[Truth or Fail]Fungal Pesticides:https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/04/12/522068205/fungal-pesticides-offer-a-growing-alternative-to-traditional-chemicalshttps://agrochemicals.iupac.org/index.php?option=com_sobi2&sobi2Task=sobi2Details&catid=3&sobi2Id=31https://phys.org/news/2019-02-virus-infested-fungus-chemical-pesticides.htmlTinder Fungi:https://www.uab.cat/web/newsroom/news-detail-1345668003610.html?noticiaid=1345754508535Egyptian Medicine:https://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/10/nyregion/secrets-of-the-mummys-medicine-chest.html[Fact Off]Whiskey mold:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18065010https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5315285/https://www.wired.com/2011/05/ff-angelsshare/https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/78dyqb/kentuckys-whiskey-fungus-problem-is-out-of-controlPlastic-digesting fungus:https://www.unenvironment.org/news-and-stories/story/fungi-research-lifts-lid-shy-organisms-break-down-plastichttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0202047https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0269749117300295http://blog.worldagroforestry.org/index.php/2017/09/12/scientists-find-fungus-appetite-plastic-rubbish-dump/[Ask the Science Couch]“Zombie” ants:https://www.pnas.org/content/114/47/12590https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0187170https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3204140/https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2017/11/how-the-zombie-fungus-takes-over-ants-bodies-to-control-their-minds/545864/[Butt One More Thing]Zygomycota:https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0003237https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T8OAmcUnm4g Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

From 1961 to 1972, thousands of scientists, engineers, mathematicians, seamstresses, pilots, and even a child or two worked on the Apollo Program, collaborating to bring humanity to the moon. Today, Tangents celebrates this unparalleled work of collective science and engineering! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! If you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:[Truth or Fail]Golf Club:https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/objects-of-intrigue-alan-shepards-golf-clubhttps://www.forbes.com/sites/quora/2018/08/16/why-was-alan-shepard-allowed-to-bring-golf-clubs-to-the-moon/#1d7fe6b67f86Family Photo:https://www.businessinsider.com/apollo-16-hidden-family-portrait-on-the-moon-2015-10Ashes: https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/eugene-shoemaker-buried-moon-celestis-nasahttps://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/sl9/news82.html[Fact Off]Greg Force: Boy Hero: https://www.honeysucklecreek.net/other_stations/guam/index.htmlhttp://www.cnn.com/2009/TECH/space/07/20/apollo11.irpt/index.htmlSpacesuit seamstresses: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/neil-armstrongs-spacesuit-was-made-by-a-bra-manufacturer-3652414/http://mentalfloss.com/article/82726/how-playtex-helped-win-space-racehttps://www.racked.com/2018/9/5/17771270/spacesuit-girdles-playtex-seamstresses-nasahttps://gizmodo.com/how-to-sew-a-spacesuit-5788241[Ask the Science Couch]Michael Collins lonely: https://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2009/jul/HQ_09-164_Collins_statement.htmlhttps://www.space.com/16971-michael-collins-apollo-11.htmlhttps://www.lpi.usra.edu/lunar/missions/apollo/apollo_11/overview/[Butt One More Thing]Moon poop bacteria:https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2019/3/22/18236125/apollo-moon-poop-mars-science Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Living things are so full of complicated systems of cells and DNA, that things are bound to go wrong. And sometimes when things go wrong, cancer is the result. Today on Tangents we talk about the causes, health impacts, and potential cures (both real and fake) of cancer. Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! If you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:[Truth or Fail]Norman Bakerhttps://historycollection.co/norman-baker-man-claimed-cure-cancer/Cow Warhttps://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=3298&context=iowastate_veterinarianAnimal Testes Transplanthttps://www.vice.com/en_us/article/4x3p73/early-body-hacking-when-men-got-goat-testicle-grafts-to-boost-their-sex-driveThe Philosophy of Success Bookhttps://archive.org/details/Law_Of_Success_in_16_Lessons[Fact Off]Turtle fossil bone cancer:https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2019/02/ridiculously-rare-cancer-found-fossil-leg-turtle-triassic-paleontology/https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaoncology/article-abstract/2723578Parasite-human cancer transmission:https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2015/p1104-parasite-tumors.htmlhttps://www.scientificamerican.com/article/tapeworm-spreads-deadly-cancer-to-human/https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/03/190325110313.htm[Ask the Science Couch]General:https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/infectious-agents/hpv-and-cancerhttps://www.popsci.com/transmissible-cancers-animals/Tasmanian devil:https://www.tcg.vet.cam.ac.uk/about/DFTDhttps://www.nature.com/articles/onc2009350https://elifesciences.org/articles/35314Clams:https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(15)00243-3https://www.nature.com/articles/nature18599[Butt One More Thing]Farts & cancer:https://time.com/2976464/scientists-say-smelling-farts-might-prevent-cancer/https://pubs.rsc.org/En/content/articlelanding/2014/md/c3md00323j#!divAbstract Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Natural disasters are a fact of life when you live on a giant ball of water, ice, and rock with a gooey magma center that’s hurtling through space… and all the pollution we’re pumping into the environment doesn’t really seem to be helping, either.Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! If you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:[Truth or Fail]Cloud seedinghttps://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-935704-30-0_9https://science.sciencemag.org/content/195/4274/139Absorbent polymerhttps://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/C5d.htmlhttp://discovermagazine.com/2002/sep/featrainHail cannonhttps://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/1520-0477(1981)062%3C0368%3AHRTFHC%3E2.0.CO%3B2https://www.businessinsider.com/volkswagen-hail-cannons-mexico-farmers-draught-2018-8https://books.google.com/books?id=h-ADAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA548https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/hail-cannons-the-devices-that-supposedly-blast-away-bad-weatherSoothttps://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/tcfaq/C5b.html[Fact Off]Year Without a Summer:https://scied.ucar.edu/shortcontent/mount-tambora-and-year-without-summerhttp://mentalfloss.com/article/73585/15-facts-about-year-without-summerhttps://medium.com/@spencerbaum/the-year-without-summer-and-the-origins-of-frankenstein-13e6884c3eceTae Bo “earthquake:”https://www.geek.com/geek-cetera/korean-skyscraper-shakes-from-17-middle-aged-people-doing-tae-bo-1405157/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/nation/2011/07/117_91209.htmlhttp://mentalfloss.com/article/31349/how-power-literally-rocked-house[Ask the Science Couch]Glass rain:https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/alien-worlds/galaxy-of-horrors/Cryovolcanoes: https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/cassini/media/cassini-20081215b.htmLhttps://www.nature.com/news/2009/090325/full/news.2009.190.htmlIce quakes on Earth: http://climate.missouri.edu/news/arc/mar2014b.phphttp://time.com/5517690/frost-quakes-ice-polar-vortex-sounds/[Butt One More Thing]Hurricane Florence poop:https://www.govtech.com/em/disaster/Hurricane-Florence-Bathed-North-Carolina-in-Raw-Sewage-New-Figures-Show-it-was-Even-Worse-than-we-Thought.htmlhttps://www.livescience.com/63625-pig-manure-overflow-hurricane-florence.html Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Fossils: a profound link to our Earth’s past… some are profound... some are beautiful… some are poop! Kallie Moore, host of PBS Eons joins the Tangents crew to talk old stone bones, fraudulent fossils, and a dinosaur so well preserved, we may be able to figure out what its last meal was. Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! If you want more Kallie Moore, check out PBS Eons:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCzR-rom72PHN9Zg7RML9EbAAnd if you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:[Truth or Fail]Pseudofossils:http://www.dmp.wa.gov.au/Pseudofossils-1663.aspxUnderwater cave:https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/09/pictures/110927-crocodile-fossils-found-underwater-cave/http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/6440/N3779.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=yhttp://digitallibrary.amnh.org/handle/2246/6920Picture: https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/09/pictures/110927-crocodile-fossils-found-underwater-cave/#/40959.jpgAmber:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00379271.2010.10697637https://www.pnas.org/content/112/32/9961?ijkey=4607330261d2012edc599837b06f71be63ebc148&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha[Fact Off]Opalized fossils: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2018/12/exclusive-sparkly-opal-filled-fossils-reveal-new-dinosaur-species-paleontology/Super preserved Ankylosaur:https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2017/06/dinosaur-nodosaur-fossil-discovery/https://www.livescience.com/65640-opal-dinosaur-herd-bones.html[Ask the Science Couch]Zircon:https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2015/10/scientists-may-have-found-earliest-evidence-life-earthhttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2018/09/news-earth-rocks-sediment-first-life-zircon/Tully monster:https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/laelaps/tully-monster-still-a-mystery/https://www.isgs.illinois.edu/outreach/geology-resources/illinois-state-fossil-tullimonstrum-gregarium[Butt One More Thing]Fake poop:https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/07/140729-dinosaur-coprolite-paleontology-dung-fossil-auction/ Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Birds singing, dogs barking, computers sending and receiving data, you reading this description: at the end of the day, it’s all communication. This week, we sit down with Vanessa Hill, host of the YouTube channel Braincraft, and do a little communicating about communication!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions!If you want more Vanessa Hill, check out BrainCraft: https://www.youtube.com/user/braincraftvideoAnd if you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:[Fact Off]Languages & ecological risk:Evolved antenna:https://ti.arc.nasa.gov/m/pub-archive/1244h/1244%20(Hornby).pdfhttp://www.genetic-programming.org/gecco2004hc/lohn-paper.pdfhttps://www.jpl.nasa.gov/nmp/st5/ABOUT/about-index.phpPicture of ST5 antenna: https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/nmp/st5/TECHNOLOGY/antenna.htmlEvolution of antenna: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/2-Sequence-of-evolved-antennas-leading-up-to-antenna-ST5-331427_fig2_226537559[Ask the Science Couch]Animal communication: http://pandora.cii.wwu.edu/vajda/ling201/test1materials/Animalchart.htmhttps://www.washingtonpost.com/news/speaking-of-science/wp/2014/08/22/chirps-whistles-clicks-do-any-animals-have-a-true-language/?utm_term=.1e218b9e7f00http://www.cogs.indiana.edu/spackled/2009readings/Slobodchikoff%202009.PDFhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1834009/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20150512-birds-hold-the-key-to-language [Butt One More Thing]FRTs:https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2003/11/farting-fish-keep-touchhttps://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/abs/10.1098/rsbl.2003.0107 Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Everybody eats, and everybody poops, but in between… that’s where the magic happens! This week we’re talking about everyone’s favorite organic method of removing nutrients from food: digestion!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! And if you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:[Fact Off]Throat to small intestine:Phytobezoars:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4400622/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2673384/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/apt.12141[Ask the Science Couch]Gum composition:https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/102/2/e22.longhttps://patents.google.com/patent/US6986907B2/enhttps://pslc.ws/macrog/pib.htmSwallowed gum:https://kidshealth.org/en/kids/swallowed-gum.htmlhttp://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/digestion/basics/transit.html[Butt One More Thing]Everlasting pill: https://www.mcgill.ca/oss/article/antimony-metallic-cleanse-middle-ageshttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3037053/ Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Be they big or small, purposeful or accidental, innocuous or potentially-planet-destroying, there is no question that humans are great at making messes and not so great at cleaning them up. Joe Hanson, host of the PBS channel Hot Mess, joins us to talk about some of the more notable messes we’ve made, and what, if anything, we can do to be less messy in the future. Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out themes for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! And if you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out this episode’s page at scishowtangents.org! Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

So,right off the bat, basically all you need to know about this episode is that Hank sings this week's Science Poem. Beyond that, we delve into the eternal mystery that is 'sleep.' Where do oursdreams come from? How does sleeping help rejuvenate our brains and bodies? Why do some people need less sleep than others? Turns out, no one really knows yet, but it's still fun to talk about! Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions! And if you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:[Truth or Fail]Sleeping and Idea Generation:https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/05/sleep-creativity-theory/560399/http://mentalfloss.com/article/12763/11-creative-breakthroughs-people-had-their-sleephttps://www.brainpickings.org/2016/02/08/mendeleev-periodic-table-dream/https://www.inverse.com/article/3696-5-dreams-that-led-to-scientific-breakthroughs[Fact Off]Auto activation deficit: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24026624https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/09/130911211923.htmNarcolepsy and dogs: https://med.stanford.edu/narcolepsy/narcolepsyhistory.htmlhttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12026-014-8513-4https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3625934/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9481825https://med.stanford.edu/content/dam/sm/psychiatry/documents/narcolepsy/latestnews/cell98.pdf[Ask the Science Couch]Naturally short sleepers:https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2018/03/410051/scientists-discover-how-gene-mutation-reduces-need-sleephttps://www.pnas.org/content/115/13/3434.short?rss=1https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3589707/Circadian rhythms:http://healthysleep.med.harvard.edu/healthy/science/variations/individual-variation-geneticshttps://www.scientificamerican.com/article/having-this-gene-may-make-some-people-night-owls/Flies:https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1007098[Butt One More Thing]Dormant butt syndrome:https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/blog/your-dormant-butt-might-be-to-blame-for-knee-hip-or-back-pain Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Every day, billions of people perform vital, life sustaining chemistry right in their homes! Baking, frying, boiling, fermenting… all cooking is science, and the way it weaves into our lives and cultures makes it uniquely fascinating! Join us this week to learn why the heck there’s iodine in your salt, what happens if you forget where in the bog you buried your cask of meat, and why baking a cake at high elevations can be so frustrating!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions!And if you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:[Truth or Fail]Hartshorn salt:https://www.thespruceeats.com/ammonium-carbonate-hartshorn-hirschhornsalz-1446913https://library.ndsu.edu/grhc/foods/recipe/ammonia.htmlBog butter:https://www.irishtimes.com/news/for-peat-s-safe-bog-butter-unearthed-with-turf-1.583009https://www.nature.com/news/1998/040315/full/news040315-5.htmlTurnspit: https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2014/05/13/311127237/turnspit-dogs-the-rise-and-fall-of-the-vernepator-curhttps://books.google.com/books?id=FVF_PhTjK7cC&pg=PA316#v=onepage&q&f=false[Fact Off]Iodine in salt:https://www.nber.org/papers/w19233Hank’s notes: https://docs.google.com/document/d/13t4UeMlNg5bH3v1HpkixBa_PYT6AB8NtCFqIBEw9XQk/edit?ts=5cbfd777Graphene vegetable oil:https://www.sciencealert.com/scientists-have-turned-cheap-cooking-oil-into-a-material-200-times-stronger-than-steelhttps://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14217[Ask the Science Couch]Cooking at high elevation:https://www.exploratorium.edu/cooking/icooks/article-3-03.htmlhttps://extension.colostate.edu/docs/pubs/foodnut/p41.pdfhttps://www.exploratorium.edu/cooking/bread/bread_science.htmlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6098858/[Butt One More Thing]Baby poop meat:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0309174013005263?via%3Dihubhttps://www.livescience.com/43465-baby-poop-sausage-probiotic.html Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

From countless stories of little green men to colonization plans and endless rover and satellite missions, humans are sort of obsessed with Mars. One of those obsessed humans is Hank Green! This week he finally gets to put all his knowledge about his favorite planet to good use: winning fake points on a game show he made up!Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out topics for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions!And if you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:[Truth or Fail]https://docs.google.com/document/d/12swg6fcCIZYuQh4q9vmW6SBwMoLwnb7jq3s2qT9_Djg/edit?usp=sharing[Fact Off]First Mars image: The picture: https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/spaceimages/details.php?id=PIA14033Plutonium-238:https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/mbyz4v/scientists-are-automating-plutonium-production-so-nasa-can-explore-deep-spacehttps://www.skyandtelescope.com/astronomy-news/plutonium-production-space-exploration/https://www.greenwichtime.com/technology/businessinsider/article/NASA-s-deep-space-nuclear-power-crisis-may-soon-13530374.php[Ask the Science Couch]Earth tectonics:https://geomaps.wr.usgs.gov/parks/pltec/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/18/science/plate-tectonics-continents-earth.htmlhttps://phys.org/news/2018-09-plate-tectonics-earth.htmlMars (lack of) tectonics:https://marsed.asu.edu/mep/tectonicshttps://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/exploring-the-planets/online/solar-system/mars/surface/volcanoes/[Butt One More Thing]Poop-eating bacteria:https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/02/03/582968023/making-space-food-with-space-poop Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

We couldn’t make podcasts without the science of sound. There’s a lot of technology involved in capturing the vibrations we’re making with our vocal folds so that we can share them with the whole Internet! So this week, we’re fine-tuning our knowledge of sound. Do scientists even know why music makes us feel emotions? Is the ocean really as silent as it seems, or are fish partying down there? And how did computer nerds send each other video games and Christmas cards through radio broadcasts?Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out themes for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions!And if you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:[Truth or Fail]Butterfly Hearing:https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/10/these-butterflies-boost-their-hearing-unusual-strategy[Fact Off]Coral reef sounds:Computer program cassettes:https://qz.com/emails/quartz-obsession/1156672/http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Audio/tape2.htmlhttp://artsites.ucsc.edu/EMS/music/tech_background/TE-16/teces_16.htmlhttps://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/storage/storage_fifty.htmlhttps://archive.org/stream/byte-magazine-1976-02/1976_02_BYTE_00-06_Color_Graphics#page/n73/mode/1uphttp://www.retrotechnology.com/restore/cass_data.htmlhttp://www.kotaku.co.uk/2014/10/13/people-used-download-games-radio[Ask the Science Couch]General Feelings & Physiological Effects:https://www.nature.com/news/why-dissonant-music-strikes-the-wrong-chord-in-the-brain-1.11791https://www.pnas.org/content/109/48/19858https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00140130600899104?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=terg20https://www.nature.com/news/neuroaesthetics-is-killing-your-soul-1.12640Chills:https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/researchers-look-what-happens-brain-when-music-causes-chills-180959481/https://www.wired.com/2011/01/the-neuroscience-of-music/https://www.nature.com/articles/nn.2726 https://scan.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2016/03/10/scan.nsw009.abstract?cited-by=yes&legid=scan;nsw009v1https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0305735615572358Harmony:https://arxiv.org/html/1202.4212v1/#sec_2_3_2https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn20930-why-harmony-pleases-the-brain/https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.108103[Butt One More Thing]Fart noises:https://www.menshealth.com/health/a19545944/fart-noises/ Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

This week, we’re joined by Trace Dominguez from the YouTube channel Uno Dos of Trace to talk about genetic mutations! Tiny changes in an organism’s DNA sequence can lead to big variations or absolutely nothing. It’s just a roll of the dice! So what mutations have shown up in modern humans—different bones, livers, or even eyeballs? What is “foreign DNA” and where does it even come from? And can anybody name as many X-Men as Sam?If you want to know more about any of the topics discussed today, check out these links:[Truth or Fail]Hypoxia:https://www.sciencealert.com/indonesian-bajau-genetic-changes-adapt-them-to-aquatic-lifestyle-2Bones:https://www.the-scientist.com/notebook-old/the-worlds-densest-bones-47155https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/nejmoa013444https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28893644Smoking:https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-10-17-mn-51362-story.html[Fact Off]Tetrachromats:Colchicine and watermelons:https://csuvth.colostate.edu/poisonous_plants/Plants/Details/79https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4656054/https://scialert.net/fulltextmobile/?doi=jbs.2013.277.282https://naldc.nal.usda.gov/download/CAT71326739/PDFhttps://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/newsletters/hortupdate/hortupdate_archives/2000/may00/h5may00.htmlhttps://blogs.scientificamerican.com/artful-amoeba/for-plants-polyploidy-is-not-a-four-letter-word/[Ask the Science Couch]Foreign DNA:https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2015-11/uonc-ahc111815.phphttps://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/290835.phphttps://genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13059-015-0607-3https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rspb.2009.1679https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7934/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6177113/[Butt One More Thing]Beautiful buttocks:https://www.nature.com/news/2002/020917/full/news020916-3.html Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

A bunch of things are considered agricultural science, from planting crops and raising sheep for wool to food safety and developing fertilizers. This week, we’re skimming the surface of agriculture, with a little detour into animals that sort of farm too. What accidental evolutionary pressures turned weeds into popular crops? Why are seed vaults so important to humanity? And what made Big Mike basically go extinct, and are we worried about it happening with other crops? (Big Mike is a banana, by the way.)Want to know more about our topics? Check out these links:[Truth or Fail]https://india.mongabay.com/2018/10/farmer-termites-bury-invaders-alive-to-protect-fungus-farms/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10886-017-0902-4https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00040-010-0092-3https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0156847[Fact Off]Vavilovian mimicry:https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/weed-science/article/vavilovian-mimicry-nikolai-vavilov-and-his-littleknown-impact-on-weed-science/1B0263622E208DA4548BF0BCB918F255https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02858881http://labs.eeb.utoronto.ca/barrett/pdf/schb_54.pdfhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1752-4571.2010.00140.xLeningrad seed vault:[Ask the Science Couch]Bananas:https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/oct/25/banana-farming-danger-cavendish-crop-geneticshttps://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2018/jun/18/scientists-scramble-to-stop-bananas-being-killed-offhttp://blogs.discovermagazine.com/crux/2017/12/27/banana-fungus-panama-disease/#.XIgdQFNKhxwhttps://www.apsnet.org/about/newsroom/releases/Pages/03Banana.aspxhttps://fusariumwilt.org/index.php/en/about-fusarium-wilt/https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-44712034[Butt One More Thing]Night soil: https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2013/05/07/182010827/is-it-safe-to-use-compost-made-from-treated-human-waste Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Pregnancy is, biologically speaking, extremely weird! A pregnant animal’s body goes through so many hormonal and physical changes to make sure a zygote has everything it needs to grow. This week, we’re talking about a few of those things, like why pregnant people get nauseated and other animals might not. So is pseudopregnancy a real thing, or are pandas just tricking zookeepers to get extra treats? Why is there a patent for a birthing machine that looks like a horrible carnival ride? And what the heck is a stone baby?Want to know more about our topics? Check out these links:[Truth or Fail]https://patents.google.com/patent/US3216423A/enhttps://dublin.sciencegallery.com/failbetter/apparatusfacilitatingbirthchildcentrifugalforce/[Fact Off]Panda pseudopregnancy:Lithopedion:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3979976/https://alumni.amc.edu/pages/archives/archives---the-stone-babyhttps://utmb.influuent.utsystem.edu/en/publications/lithopedion-stone-babyhttps://www.health.harvard.edu/womens-health/calcium-beyond-the-boneshttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4750627/[Ask the Science Couch]Morning sickness:http://news.cornell.edu/stories/2000/05/morning-sickness-protects-mothers-and-their-unbornhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3676933/https://www.jstor.org/stable/2664252?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contentshttps://www.pregnancysicknesssupport.org.uk/resources/literature-review/symptoms-of-nvp-in-animals/https://www.livescience.com/32301-do-pregnant-animals-get-morning-sickness.html[Butt One More Thing]Meconium:http://science.sciencemag.org/content/112/2901/150.longhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18281199 Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

This week, we’re joined by Blake de Pastino from the YouTube channel PBS Eons to talk about how plants, animals, and geologic events used to be so… huge. There are still blue whales and massive natural disasters, but the days of the Megalodon have passed. So were those big tunnels in South America really dug out by giant ground sloths? Where is the largest impact crater in the Solar System? And did humans really huddle under the skeletal remains of the giant armadillo-like Glyptodon? To learn more about this week's topic, check out these links:[Truth or Fail]https://natural-history.uoregon.edu/collections/web-galleries/saber-toothed-salmonhttps://cals.arizona.edu/classes/ento596c/topic/session9.htmlhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10420940.2016.1223654?scroll=top&needAccess=true&http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/crux/2017/03/28/paleoburrows-south-america/#.XFC3uc9Khxzhttp://revistapesquisa.fapesp.br/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/044_Paleotocas_ING.pdf[Ask the Science Couch]Glyptodon carapaces:https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/02/ancient-armadillos-grew-big-vw-beetleshttps://books.google.com/books?id=kUAKgNfiAvoC&pg=PA184#v=onepage&q&f=falsehttps://www.jstor.org/stable/971990?read-now=1&seq=6#page_scan_tab_contentshttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1179/2055556315Z.00000000031?journalCode=ypal20https://books.google.com/books?id=2tk_AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA223&lpg=PA223[Butt One More Thing]Stegosaurus butt brain misconception:https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-double-dinosaur-brain-myth-12155823/ Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Bats have a bad reputation because of the ones that drink blood or spread disease, but these furry flying critters can be pretty cute! This week, we’re talking about everything from echolocation to weird potential uses for bat poop. Are there really bats with suction cups on their wings or is that just a cool toy idea? What is white nose syndrome and could vaping mushroom compounds… help? And what do you really think about Hank’s Dracula impression?Follow us on Twitter @SciShowTangents, where we’ll tweet out themes for upcoming episodes and you can ask the science couch questions!And if you want to learn more about any of our main topics, check out these links:[Poem]https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/these-pitcher-plants-call-bats-get-their-poo-180956014/https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rsbl.2010.1141[Truth or Fail]Bats that spend time on the ground:http://news.cornell.edu/stories/2005/03/vampire-bats-keep-out-trouble-running-study-showshttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16621953https://www.australiangeographic.com.au/blogs/creatura-blog/2018/01/why-fly-when-you-can-shuffle-the-lesser-short-tailed-bat-prefers-the-ground/Diurnal bats:https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2018/11/daytime-bats-help-explain-nocturnal-evolution/https://blogs.plos.org/ecology/2017/06/29/bat-species-found-only-on-islands-in-trouble-worldwide/https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/mamm.ahead-of-print/mammalia-2017-0128/mammalia-2017-0128.xmlSuction cup bats:https://www.wired.com/2010/04/how-sucker-winged-bats-hang-on/[Fact Off]Bat & dolphin echolocation:https://evolutionnews.org/2012/05/tangling_the_tr/https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2010/01/hear-bats-and-whales-share-sonar-proteinhttps://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(09)02073-9https://www.nature.com/articles/nature12511https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/tetrapod-zoology/refined-fine-tuned-placental-mammal-family-tree/Moth echolocation blocker:https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2009/07/moths-block-bats-sonarhttp://science.sciencemag.org/content/325/5938/325?keytype=ref&siteid=sci&ijkey=GbDjRlkoHfRnYhttps://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/phenomena/2009/07/17/tiger-moths-jam-the-sonar-of-bats/http://jeb.biologists.org/content/214/14/2416[Ask the Science Couch]White-nose syndrome:https://www.biologicaldiversity.org/campaigns/bat_crisis_white-nose_syndrome/Q_and_A.htmlhttps://www.whitenosesyndrome.org/static-page/what-is-white-nose-syndromehttps://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/how-bats-could-bounce-back-devastating-white-nose-syndrome-180969378/https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-017-02441-zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/4/2/48[Butt One More Thing]Bat guano gunpowder:https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/dkc09 Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

You might know him from his greatest hits: natural selection, Galápagos finches, and eating lots of the animals he studied… it’s Charles Darwin! This week, we’re talking about this famous biologist and some of the weirder science he did. What kind of books did he write after he published On the Origin of Species? Why was he so disgusted by fish spitting out seeds? And was it normal to write a letter to a scientist friend and ask detailed questions about barnacle sex? Sources:[Truth or Fail]https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/4x38gj/darwins-monsters-parasitoid-waspshttps://books.google.com/books?id=lIcoAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA179&lpg=PA179&dq=charles+darwin+eyebrows&source=bl&ots=YrNkw9VczZ&sig=ACfU3U06m2pYFahEfpPveHOyT8auD0ZeXw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwivsMeU4LvgAhUbJzQIHUaoA5wQ6AEwFXoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=charles%20darwin%20eyebrows&f=false[Fact Off]Seeds & fish:http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?itemID=F1683&viewtype=text&pageseq=1https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/DCP-LETT-1681.xmlhttp://blogs.discovermagazine.com/d-brief/2017/11/17/darwin-bird-vomit/#.XBlv3c9Khxwhttps://academic.oup.com/botlinnean/article/161/1/20/2418329Barnacles: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3574338/[Ask the Science Couch]Darwin’s understanding vs. ours:http://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20141017-how-flowers-conquered-the-worldhttps://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/what-darwin-didnt-know-45637001/https://www.wired.com/2014/12/fantastically-wrong-thing-evolution-darwin-really-screwed/http://www.esp.org/books/darwin/variation/facsimile/contents/darwin-variation-chap-27-i.pdfhttp://www.blc.arizona.edu/courses/schaffer/449/Soft%20Inhertance/Geison%20-%20Pangenesis.pdf[Butt One More Thing]Darwin bark spider:http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20151126-the-worlds-biggest-spider-web-can-span-an-entire-riverhttps://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0011234 Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

If you think about it, we’re all time travelers moving forward at one second per second… right? This week, we try really hard to define time, get sort of existential about it, and then talk about the science of timekeeping, from circadian rhythms to weird mechanical clocks. What happens to someone’s sense of time if you put them in a big bunker locked away from the outside world? How did we decide there would be 60 seconds in a minute, and did we ever try to measure time with a decimal system? And if a human were to instantaneously dissolve into a pile of goo because their time was up, what would it sound like?Sources:[Truth or Fail]https://mechanism.ucsd.edu/teaching/F11/philbiology2011/aschoff.circadianrhythmsinman.1965.pdfhttps://www.mpg.de/943613/S003_Flashback_060_061.pdfhttps://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/science-obituaries/6216073/Maurizio-Montalbini.html[Fact Off]Music & walking:https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0067932Castle Clock: http://muslimheritage.com/article/al-jazari%E2%80%99s-castle-water-clock-analysis-its-components-and-functioninghttps://artsandculture.google.com/asset/al-jazari-s-book-of-knowledge-of-ingenious-mechanical-devices-the-castle-water-clock/DgF6LT4UYXvU4Ahttps://www.ee.columbia.edu/not-your-father%E2%80%99s-analog-computer-professor-yannis-tsividisAnimation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qz7soHvy-Pw[Ask the Science Couch]60 seconds/minutes:https://www.theguardian.com/notesandqueries/query/0,5753,-1487,00.htmlhttp://curious.astro.cornell.edu/161-our-solar-system/the-earth/day-night-cycle/761-why-is-a-day-divided-into-24-hours-intermediatehttps://gizmodo.com/why-there-are-24-hours-in-a-day-5926491http://mentalfloss.com/article/32127/decimal-time-how-french-made-10-hour-day[Butt One More Thing]Speed of poop:https://arstechnica.com/science/2017/04/speed-of-poop-big-or-small-mammals-drop-a-deuce-in-12-secs-study-finds/https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2017/sm/c6sm02795d/unauth#!divAbstract Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

When can you start calling a rodent “giant?” When it’s twice the average size of its species? When you’re not grossed out by it? When it could be a mascot for a family fun center? We don’t really have a precise answer to that… but this week, we’re exploring the science of big ol’ rodents! Turns out, giant rodents have shaped the environment in lots of ways, from ancient megafauna stomping through South American wetlands to beavers affecting the climate. And even though they sound kind of scary, giant rats might be able to save human lives. But the real question is: what’s up with capybara anal pouches?Sources:[Truth or Fail]https://news.northwestern.edu/stories/2015/02/making-teeth-tough-beavers-show-way-to-improve-our-enamel-http://www.sci-news.com/biology/science-biswamoyopterus-laoensis-new-species-flying-squirrel-laos-01361.htmlhttps://www.apopo.info/en/tuberculosis-detection/projectshttp://www.treatmentactiongroup.org/tb/backgroundhttps://www.theguardian.com/science/2016/feb/23/rats-who-sniff-out-tubersulosishttps://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/08/140816-rats-tuberculosis-smell-disease-health-animals-world/[Fact Off]Hippos & biggest rodent:Beavers & carbon emissions:https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-08/uoh-bha082918.phphttps://www.sciencemag.org/news/2013/07/what-role-do-beavers-play-climate-changehttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs13280-014-0575-y[Ask the Science Couch]Gigantism:https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/why-king-kong-should-have-been-blue-whale-180962603/https://www.nature.com/articles/482008dhttps://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/05/120521-killer-mice-birds-gough-island-endangered-animals-science/https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1469-1795.2012.00534.xhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4358651/[Butt One More Thing]Capybara anal pouches:https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1984.tb05087.x Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

For our very first live show at PodCon 2, we were joined by Elah Feder, the co-host and producer of the podcast Undiscovered! Podcasting on a stage with a live audience meant we really had to bring our A-game, so we swapped stories of famous actors, politicians, and other celebrities who also dabbled in science. Sources:[Truth or Fail]http://ancientolympics.arts.kuleuven.be/eng/TC003EN.htmlhttps://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/old-world-high-tech-141284744/[Fact Off]Julia Child:https://www.cia.gov/news-information/featured-story-archive/2015-featured-story-archive/shark-repellent.htmlhttps://appliedecology.cals.ncsu.edu/absci/wp-content/uploads/Stroud-et-al-2014.pdfhttps://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/4935https://faculty.washington.edu/sisneros/Sisneros%20and%20Nelson%202001.pdfZeppo Marx: [Ask the Science Couch]Brian May’s thesis: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/295744.pdfhttps://www.space.com/5692-queen-guitarist-publishes-astrophysics-thesis.htmlhttp://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/cosmic_reference/zodydust.htmlhttp://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1994IAUS..160..127D[Butt One More Thing]Dr. Rush’s Bilious Pills:https://io9.gizmodo.com/archaeologists-tracked-lewis-and-clark-by-following-the-1727887223https://www.nps.gov/jeff/learn/historyculture/medrush.htm Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Do you ever just wonder, “are the bees doing okay?” They’re so important to our food industry and native ecosystems, and every couple of years it seems like something horribly bad is happening to them. So this week, we’re taking a look at the fascinating lives and deaths of bees! Can they recognize human faces or understand the concept of zero? Why are blister beetles mimicking sexy bee pheromones? And what do nightclubs and honeybee hives have in common? Sources:[Poem]https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/03/120316-hot-bee-balls-hornets-insects-brains-animals-science/http://jeb.biologists.org/content/jexbio/206/2/353.full.pdf[Truth or Fail]Handedness in beesBees understanding zeroBees recognize faces[Ask the Science Couch]CCD: https://www.epa.gov/pollinator-protection/colony-collapse-disorderGlyphosate:http://jeb.biologists.org/content/218/17/2799https://www.glyphosate.eu/glyphosate-mechanism-actionhttps://www.pnas.org/content/115/41/10305Native bees:https://www.wired.com/2015/04/youre-worrying-wrong-bees/http://www.xerces.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Xerces_policy_statement_HB_Final.pdfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5722319/[Butt One More Thing]Isopentyl acetate:https://www.extension.entm.purdue.edu/beehive/pdf/Breed_et_al.pdfhttps://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/isoamyl_acetate#section=Top Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

We’ve all heard about “The Algorithms” that affect our lives, making decisions for and about us. And artificial intelligence systems are recommending podcasts, picking out targeted ads, and playing games against humans every single day. This week, we’re going to skim the surface of AI and chat about everything from Siri to personality prediction software. How are these tools used to help the world, or are we mostly heading toward a dystopian future? What’s the Turing test and is it even a useful measure of artificial intelligence? And if a poem is written with software… is it really art? (We don’t know either.)Sources:AI-[Poem]http://janusnode.com/[Truth or Fail]https://www.zdnet.com/article/google-ai-vs-siri-vs-bing-iq-tests-show-one-is-smartest-by-a-mile/https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.10242https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-38390798[Fact Off]Anti-poaching:https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/new-ai-camera-helps-conservationists-spot-elephant-poachers-180971180/https://www.inverse.com/article/52203-ai-camera-poacher-watchhttps://www.inverse.com/article/48043-paul-allen-makes-amends-with-coral-reefs-with-artificial-intelligence-researchEye tracking:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00105/full?utm_source=FWEB&utm_medium=NBLOG&utm_campaign=ECO_FNHUM_personality-eye-movements[Ask the Science Couch]Turing test:https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/turing-test/https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn20865-software-tricks-people-into-thinking-it-is-human/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/turing-test-measures-something-but-not-intelligence-180951702/https://www.wired.com/2012/06/flawed-turing-test/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/jun/09/scientists-disagree-over-whether-turing-test-has-been-passed[Butt One More Thing]Artificial anus:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/5655776 Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

This week, our producer Caitlin Hofmeister is joining the pod to talk about the Sun, and lending her expertise as a host of the YouTube channel SciShow Space. The Sun affects pretty much everything we do here on Earth, from our weather to our technology. So what schemes have scientists been cooking up to shield the Earth from the Sun? How have solar flares affected humans… and should we be afraid of them? And is “Guy” really a good nickname, or is this star more special than that? Sources:[Definition]https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~pberlind/atlas/htmls/note.html[Truth or Fail]https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/news-blog/geoengineering-solution-no-9-the-fl-2008-09-08/https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/geoengineering-holds-promise-but-the-technology-needs-work/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/blocking-the-sun-is-no-plan-b-for-global-warming/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_sunshadehttps://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2006-11/uoa-ssm110306.php[Fact Off]Ocean mines:https://www.sciencealert.com/the-sun-may-have-detonated-dozens-of-us-sea-mines-uncovered-navy-documents-revealhttps://vva.vietnam.ttu.edu/repositories/2/digital_objects/83295https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2018SW002024http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WAMUS_Mines.php#Vietnam_War_%22Destructor%22_Mineshttp://www.navweaps.com/index_tech/tech-068.php#Magnetic_Mines2012 solar storm:[Ask the Science Couch]https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/iris/multimedia/layerzoo.htmlhttps://www.space.com/17160-sun-atmosphere.htmlhttps://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/objects/sun1.html[Butt One More Thing]https://newprairiepress.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1507&context=sttclhttps://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/georges-bataille-the-solar-anus Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Are you one of those people who doesn’t feel awake until you have caffeine coursing through your bloodstream? Well, you can choose to ingest some chemical stimulants, but they’re also something your body makes! Just think about the adrenaline rush before a public speech. This week, we’re going to dig into what science actually says about caffeine and dehydration. Why did some people try to ban coffee, and how dangerous was the pick-me-up given to some Antarctic explorers? And why the heck did researchers think gerbils could help with airport security? Sources:[Fact Off]Gerbils:Forced March:https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736%2810%2962153-8/fulltexthttps://granta.com/shackletons-medical-kit/https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2012/09/27/161881513/cocaine-for-snowblindness-what-polar-explorers-packed-for-first-aidhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1279970/[Ask the Science Couch]Dehydration:http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/33/2/167https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12187618https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/640f/49f096f9a01e2c3ef103945a39830a12cd5c.pdfhttps://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/04/health/nutrition/04real.html?_r=2[Butt One More Thing]Civet poop coffee:https://www.businessinsider.com/kopi-luwak-cat-poop-worlds-most-expensive-coffee-taste-test-2018-11https://www.britannica.com/topic/Kopi-Luwak Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

At some point, we’ve all probably looked up at birds and wished we could fly. And some curious people took that wish and did science! From the biology of flying animals to machines that help humans take to the skies, this week, we’re exploring the science of flight. Why do we travel by plane instead of floating on airships? How long can some birds fly before landing? And what else do they get up to in midair… eating? ...sex? ...sleeping? [Truth or Fail]https://www.businessinsider.com/only-one-place-was-allowed-to-take-off-after-flights-were-grounded-on-sept-11-2011-2011-9[Fact Off]Swifts:https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(16)31063-6Frigate birds:[Ask the Science Couch]https://www.airships.net/dirigible/https://www.lockheedmartin.com/en-us/products/hybrid-airship.htmlhttps://www.thevintagenews.com/2018/01/19/the-uss-akron-disaster/https://news.vice.com/en_us/article/pa4q3g/theres-a-push-to-bring-back-the-zeppelin-in-canadas-remote-north[Butt One More Thing]http://www.airpowerworld.info/other-military-aircraft/supermarine-stranraer.htm Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Mucus grosses people out. Whether it’s coming out of your nose or slime oozing from an animal, it’s not really a pleasant substance. But scientifically, mucus is super cool—it can be used for protection, hunting, lubrication, or plain old stickiness. Why do some cephalopods spew out specialized mucus? Does slathering snail slime on your face actually do anything to your skin? And could eating boogers be… good? Sources:[Truth or Fail]http://science.sciencemag.org/content/328/5979/704https://www.mbari.org/mbari-researchers-discover-what-vampire-squids-eat-its-not-what-you-think/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/b94c/447075249a39cac514cbb3c6bf24c4e8306c.pdfhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4052311/[Fact Off]Snail mucus:Parasitic worms:http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/discoblog/2010/12/02/a-new-treatment-for-bowel-problems-eating-1000-parasitic-worm-eggs/#.W-ICt3pKgW8https://www.ecco-ibd.eu/index.php/publications/congress-abstract-s/abstracts-2015/item/p389-a-double-blind-clinical-trial-on-trichuris-suis.html[Ask the Science Couch]https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11465519https://aem.asm.org/content/81/1/332.longhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/727897https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-422X-3-99[Butt One More Thing]https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/phenomena/2016/05/10/how-this-fish-survives-in-a-sea-cucumbers-bum/ Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Some small, magical corner of your heart wants dragons to be real, right? Well... sorry. They’re not. But this week, we wanted to celebrate some science adjacent to dragons, from fruit and animals named after them to giant flying predators that probably terrified humans.Sources:[Truth or Fail]http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20150320-meet-two-new-dragon-millipede-species-first-described-in-laoshttp://jrscience.wcp.muohio.edu/fieldcourses04/PapersCostaRicaArticles/TheFunctionalityandEvolut.html[Fact Off]Fire Hawks:Haast’s Eagles:[Ask the Science Couch]https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/phenomena/2015/04/30/how-this-beetle-creates-500-explosions-per-second-in-its-bum/[Butt One More Thing]https://www.wired.com/2013/12/the-secret-underwater-world-of-dragons/ Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

From sugary snow cones to WWII plans for an aircraft carrier made of ice and wood pulp, humans have had big dreams for frozen water. So this week, we’re exploring the science of snow and ice across the globe. Turns out, there are ancient refrigerators in the dry Iranian desert and abandoned military bases under the Greenland ice sheet. And even though Japanese snow monkeys seem all cozy and chill in their hot springs, what mischief do they get up to in their free time? Sources:[Truth Or Fail]https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10329-015-0492-0https://www.researchgate.net/blog/post/japans-monkeys-wash-their-potatoes-and-ride-deer-like-horseshttps://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/chilling-out-hot-springs-may-help-japans-snow-monkeys-reduce-stress-180968686/[Fact Off]Camp Century:http://www.iceandclimate.nbi.ku.dk/research/drill_analysing/history_drilling/drill_bedrock/https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/08/mysterious-ice-buried-cold-war-military-base-may-be-unearthed-climate-changehttp://www.iceandclimate.nbi.ku.dk/about_centre/history/https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/Paleoclimatology_OxygenBalanceIceboxes:http://eartharchitecture.org/?p=570[Ask the Science Couch]http://www.ccmr.cornell.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2015/11/Ice-Alloys.pdfhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-glaciology/article/description-of-the-iceberg-aircraft-carrier-and-the-bearing-of-the-mechanical-properties-of-frozen-wood-pulp-upon-some-problems-of-glacier-flow/BE12BCCE68FE5D9C307299A2F1F2DFC6[Butt One More Thing]https://www.livescience.com/61018-turtles-breathe-through-butt.html Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

A new year means New Year’s resolutions! Lots of people are probably getting their fitness on, whether it’s by joining a gym or putting on yoga YouTube videos. So this week, we’re stretching our muscles to explore the science of exercise!Sources:[Truth or Fail]Myostatin-related muscle hypertrophy:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1498/Increased blood volume:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17630597/New brain cells:https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2017-11/nwsu-eib111217.php[Fact Off]Thinking about muscles: https://www.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/jn.00386.2014https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-to-grow-stronger-without-lifting-weights/Animals on wheels: http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/281/1786/20140210.fullhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4760155/https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2018/09/14/409409.full.pdf[Ask the Science Couch]Flexibility:http://web.mit.edu/tkd/stretch/stretching_2.htmlhttp://web.mit.edu/tkd/stretch/stretching_3.htmlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3273886/[Butt One More Thing]Space underwear: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-space-underwear-idUSTRE52M6ER20090323 Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

This week, we’re joined by evolutionary biologist and science communicator Dr. Sally LePage to talk all about parasites! How did we deal with them before modern medicine? Are there any parasites bigger than their hosts? And is parasite-ception a thing!?Sources:[Fact Off]Fruit fly fungus:Frog flatworm:https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/phenomena/2013/02/13/a-flurry-of-frog-legs/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4330773/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00436-011-2451-zhttps://www.nytimes.com/1996/10/13/us/many-reports-of-deformities-among-frogs-are-puzzling.htmlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4636111/[Ask the Science Couch]Cuckoos: https://www.audubon.org/news/the-brilliant-ways-parasitic-birds-terrorize-their-victimshttps://web.stanford.edu/group/stanfordbirds/text/essays/Brood_Parasitism.htmlPlants:http://ipm.ucanr.edu/PMG/PESTNOTES/pn7496.htmlhttps://csfs.colostate.edu/forest-management/common-forest-insects-diseases/dwarf-mistletoe/[Butt One More Thing] - pick the one that we end up using (probably Hank’s)Tick anus:https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/717730_2Poop bean sprout:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3192079/ Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

From website banners to scratch-and-sniff magazine spreads, you’ve probably been the target of thousands of ads. Like, you’re even going to hear one during this podcast—we gotta eat! At this point, you might feel like you’re immune to advertising, because there’s no way a ridiculous infomercial could make you want a reusable juice box. But the psychology behind advertising has always been powerful. So this week, we’re diving into the science of when ads work, when they don’t, and when they’ve led to some pretty serious problems like the opioid epidemic.Sources:[Truth or Fail]https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0956797613502732https://academic.oup.com/jcr/article-abstract/44/4/877/3829544?redirectedFrom=fulltexthttps://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2016-03/uom-ita031116.php[Fact Off]Brand partnerships:Opioid epidemic:https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/how-advertising-shaped-first-opioid-epidemic-180968444/https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp1508818https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5125194/[Ask the Science Couch]https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2017-05/uoia-scs051817.phphttp://www.nber.org/papers/w20171.pdfhttps://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2014/06/a-dangerous-question-does-internet-advertising-work-at-all/372704/https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2011/08/why-good-advertising-works-even-when-you-think-it-doesnt/244252/[Butt One More Thing]https://thequackdoctor.com/index.php/dr-youngs-rectal-dilators/ Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Eggs have tons of different sizes, textures, and protective shells, from giant ostrich eggs to squishy fish egg clusters. But, scientifically, they all boil down to the same thing: an egg is just a reproductive cell that can be fertilized by a sperm to make an embryo. This week, we’re cracking the science of eggs wide open![Truth or Fail]Brown trouts:http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20150214-fake-orgasms-and-other-sex-lieshttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003347200915859?via%3DihubOctopuses:https://www.mbari.org/deep-sea-octopus-broods-eggs-for-over-four-years-longer-than-any-known-animal/https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0103437Trilobites:https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/01/170124124905.htmhttps://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article-abstract/45/3/199/195237/pyritized-in-situ-trilobite-eggs-from-the?redirectedFrom=fulltext[Fact Off]Stick insect eggs:https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-05/ku-tsi052318.phphttps://www.sciencemag.org/news/2015/10/stick-insects-lure-ants-fatty-knobshttps://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/05/science/stick-insects-eggs-birds.htmlHumsters: http://www.stillhq.com/pdfdb/000360/data.pdfhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/mrd.1120230307https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4471-3310-0_5https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1725451[Ask the Science Couch]Egg shape: https://galapagosconservation.org.uk/whale-shark-reproduction/https://scripps.ucsd.edu/centers/cmbc/2018/05/15/hydrothermal-vents-incubators-for-deep-sea-skate-egg-cases/https://books.google.com/books?id=zg1mDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT158&lpg=PT158http://science.sciencemag.org/content/356/6344/1249http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20160304-one-animal-has-more-babies-than-any-other Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Have you ever wanted to lick the Moon and find out what that grey dust tastes like? If so, you’re in luck. This week, we’re sampling the science of taste, from the Apollo 16 mission reports to how the flavor compounds in amniotic fluid may affect babies’ food preferences. Apparently, it can get garlicky in there. But can non-human animals develop a sense of taste? And is “pine mouth” a real thing, or is it just what happens when Hank eats mysterious seeds he finds in the forest? Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

What do the Hubble Space Telescope, the International Space Station, and the Moon have in common? They’re all satellites that orbit the Earth! This week, we’re going extraterrestrial to talk about the dreams, discoveries, and debacles that went into Mir and other weirdly cool human-made satellites. Plus, we dig into burning questions, like whether the Sun can be considered a satellite. And we’re big enough space nerds that we try to explain some celestial mechanics.Sources:[Truth or Fail]https://www.wired.com/2014/07/orange-juice-toothpaste/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3354153/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4684458/http://wayback.archive-it.org/7993/20171114232622/https://www.fda.gov/Food/RecallsOutbreaksEmergencies/SafetyAlertsAdvisories/ucm247099.htm[Fact Off]Moon dust: https://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2006/30jan_smellofmoondustBees and Pesticides:https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/08/180828204911.htmhttp://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/285/1885/20180655https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/187907/the-more-pesticides-bees-more-they/[Ask the Science Couch]Developing taste: https://www.npr.org/2011/08/08/139033757/babys-palate-and-food-memories-shaped-before-birthhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7583013http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/107/6/e88.full[Butt One More Thing]Sea cucumber eating:https://blog.nationalgeographic.org/2013/03/14/giant-sea-cucumber-eats-with-its-anus/ Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

With American Thanksgiving around the corner, turkey is on everyone’s mind! So this week, we’re taking a closer look at flightless birds of all shapes and sizes! What prevents some birds from using their wings to fly? Did Australians really start a war against emus? Plus, we’ll answer your burning questions about the sex lives of many, many different kinds of birds! Wow!Sources:[Truth or Fail]Inaccessible Island rail:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790318301763?via%3Dihubhttps://gizmodo.com/how-a-tiny-flightless-bird-ended-up-on-an-island-in-the-1830188012Ostrich egg globes:https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/08/130821-ostrich-globe-map-discovery-science-nation/Emu War:https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/running-ponies/the-great-emu-war-in-which-some-large-flightless-birds-unwittingly-foiled-the-australian-army/ [Fact Off]Crested penguins:https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2016-02/s-ppi021016.phphttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00265-016-2060-zhttps://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2016-06/uod-ppc062816.phphttps://www.nature.com/articles/srep28785Ratite reproduction:https://zslpublications.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00858.xhttp://mentalfloss.com/article/80394/10-facts-about-cassowarieshttp://blogs.discovermagazine.com/discoblog/2011/12/08/finally-the-ostrich-penis-provides-the-answer-to-a-long-standing-question/#.W6FsOZNKhxwhttps://www.merckvetmanual.com/exotic-and-laboratory-animals/ratites/reproduction-of-ratites[Ask the Science Couch]Kākāpō:https://blog.nationalgeographic.org/2018/03/22/happy-hatchday-21-years-of-conservation-success-for-the-kakapo/https://phys.org/news/2015-11-rimu-berry-game-changer-kakapo.htmlhttps://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/news/060401_kakapo[Butt One More Thing]Ostrich urine & feces:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1095643303000060 Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

We’re delving into the complicated world of scientific hoaxes. Some are just goofs that went a little too far, but others have had serious negative impacts on public health.Welcome, traveler, to the first episode! This is Sam from December of 2020. I can't believe, more two years later, we're still playing this goofy game! If you're starting here, you have a long and grand adventure ahead of you. It only gets way better from here!If you're working your way backwards... well, you did it! Hopefully a new episode will be coming out soon, otherwise what will you listen to while you do your chores?? Sources:[Truth or Fail]Cello Scrotum:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1610985/https://www.bmj.com/content/338/bmj.b379http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/7853564.stmSurfer’s Ear:http://ent.uci.edu/more-at-uc-irvine/conditions/surfers-ears.aspJeep Butt: https://publichealth.gwu.edu/departments/healthpolicy/CHPR/downloads/mil_prep042605.pdfhttp://www.academia.edu/19875506/Pilonidal_sinus_Jeeps_disease_An_improved_model_of_care[Fact Off]Mary Toft:http://special.lib.gla.ac.uk/exhibns/month/aug2009.htmlhttps://academic.oup.com/past/article/238/1/43/4822513Parapsychology:http://www.tricksterbook.com/truzzi/ZS-Issues-PDFs/ZeteticScholarNos12-13.pdfhttp://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.617.9791&rep=rep1&type=pdfhttps://www.csicop.org/uploads/files/martin-gardner-pdfs/landmark-pk-hoax.pdfhttps://web.archive.org/web/20060503224225/http://www.banachek.org/nonflash/project_alpha.htmhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z1S5CRcqJQo[Ask the Science Couch]Andrew Wakefield:https://www.bmj.com/content/342/bmj.c5347https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3136032/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2323045/https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/mmr/public/index.htmlhttps://www.theguardian.com/society/2010/jan/28/andrew-wakefield-mmr-vaccine[Butt One More Thing]Fake coprolite: https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/07/140729-dinosaur-coprolite-paleontology-dung-fossil-auction/ Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Introducing the lightly competitive knowledge showcase from the geniuses behind the YouTube series SciShow. Every Tuesday, join Hank Green, Ceri Riley, Stefan Chin, and Sam Schultz as they try to one-up and amaze each other with weird and funny scientific research... while not getting distracted. There will be tangents about video games, music, weird smells, surprisingly deep insights about life, and of course, poop, but it always comes back to the science. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.