SANS Internet Storm Center's Daily Network Security News Podcast

SANS Stormcast Monday Mar 24th: Critical Next.js Vulnerability; Microsoft Trust Signing Platform Abuse Critical Next.js Vulnerability CVE-2025-29927 A critical vulnerability in how the x-middleware-subrequest header is verified may lead to bypassing authorization in Next.js applications. https://zhero-web-sec.github.io/research-and-things/nextjs-and-the-corrupt-middleware https://github.com/vercel/next.js/security/advisories/GHSA-f82v-jwr5-mffw https://www.runzero.com/blog/next-js/ Microsoft Trust Signing Service Abused Attackers abut the Microsoft Trust Signing Service, a service meant to help developers create signed software, to obtain short lived signatures for malware. https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/microsoft-trust-signing-service-abused-to-code-sign-malware/ keywords: microsoft; trust; signing; digital signature; next.js; authorization; middleware; proxies

SANS Stormcast Friday Mar 21st: New Data Feeds; SEO Spam; Veeam Deserialization; IBM AIX RCE; Some New Data Feeds and Little Incident We started offering additional data feeds, and an SEO spamer attempted to make us change a link from an old podcast episode. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Some%20new%20Data%20Feeds%2C%20and%20a%20little%20%22incident%22./31786 Veeam Deserialization Vulnerability Veeam released details regarding the latest vulnerablity in Veeam, pointing out the insufficient patch applied to a prior deserialization vulnerability. https://labs.watchtowr.com/by-executive-order-we-are-banning-blacklists-domain-level-rce-in-veeam-backup-replication-cve-2025-23120/ IBM AIX Vulnerablity The AIX NIM service is vulnerable to an unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7186621 keywords: ibm; aix; veeam; data feeds; seo spam thanks Chris Mosby for Spotify comment

SANS Stormcast Thursday Mar 20th: Cisco Smart Licensing Attacks; Vulnerable Drivers again; Synology Advisories Updated Exploit Attempts for Cisco Smart Licensing Utility CVE-2024-20439 CVE-2024-20440 Attackers added last September's Cisco Smart Licensing Utility vulnerability to their toolset. These attacks orginate most likely from botnets and the same attackers are scanning for a wide range of additional vulnerabilities. The vulnerability is a static credential issue and trivial to exploit after the credentials were published last fall. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Exploit%20Attempts%20for%20Cisco%20Smart%20Licensing%20Utility%20CVE-2024-20439%20and%20CVE-2024-20440/31782 Legacy Driver Exploitation Through Bypassing Certificate Verification Ahnlab documented a new type of "bring your own vulnerable driver" vulnerability. In this case, an old driver used by an anit-malware and anti-rootkit system can be used to shut down arbitrary processeses, including security related processeses. https://asec.ahnlab.com/en/86881/ Synology Vulnerability Updates Synology updates some security advisories it release last year adding addition details and vulnerable systems. https://www.synology.com/en-global/security/advisory/Synology_SA_24_20 https://www.synology.com/en-global/security/advisory/Synology_SA_24_24 keywords: synology; driver; cisco

SANS Stormcast Wednesday Mar 19th 2025: Python DLL Side Loading; Tomcast RCE Correction; SAML Roulette; Windows Shortcut 0-Day Python Bot Delivered Through DLL Side-Loading A "normal", but vulnerable to DLL side-loading PDF reader may be used to launch additional exploit code https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Python%20Bot%20Delivered%20Through%20DLL%20Side-Loading/31778 Tomcat RCE Correction To exploit the Tomcat RCE I mentioned yesterday, two non-default configuration options must be selected by the victim. https://x.com/dkx02668274/status/1901893656316969308 SAML Roulette: The Hacker Always Wins This Portswigger blog explains in detail how to exploit the ruby-saml vulnerablity against GitLab. https://portswigger.net/research/saml-roulette-the-hacker-always-wins Windows Shortcut Zero Day Exploit Attackers are currently taking advantage of an unpatched vulnerability in how Windows displays Shortcut (.lnk file) details. Trendmicro explains how the attack works and provides PoC code. Microsoft is not planning to fix this issue https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/25/c/windows-shortcut-zero-day-exploit.html keywords: windows; shortcut; link; lnk; saml; ruby; xml; tomcat; rce; python; dll; sideloading;

SANS Stormcast Monday Mar 17th 2025: Analyzing GUID Encoded Shellcode; Node.js SAML Vuln; Tomcat RCE in the Wild; CSS e-mail obfuscation Static Analysis of GUID Encoded Shellcode Didier explains how to decode shell code embeded as GUIDs in malware, and how to feed the result to his tool 1768.py which will extract Cobal Strike configuration information from the code. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Static%20Analysis%20of%20GUID%20Encoded%20Shellcode/31774 SAMLStorm: Critical Authentication Bypass in xml-crypto and Node.js libraries xml-crypto, a library use in Node.js applications to decode XML and support SAML, has found to parse comments incorrectly leading to several SAML vulnerabilities. https://workos.com/blog/samlstorm One PUT Request to Own Tomcat: CVE-2025-24813 RCE is in the Wild A just made public deserialization vulnerablity in Tomcat is already being exploited. Contributing to the rapid exploit release is the similarity of this vulnerability to other Java deserializtion vulnerabilities. https://lab.wallarm.com/one-put-request-to-own-tomcat-cve-2025-24813-rce-is-in-the-wild/ CVE-2025-24813 CSS Abuse for Evasion and Tracking Attackers are using cascading stylesheets to evade detection and enable more stealthy tracking of users https://blog.talosintelligence.com/css-abuse-for-evasion-and-tracking/ keywords: css; tracking; abuse; put; tomcat; saml; node.js; xml-crypto; guid; cobalt strike

SANS Stormcast Monday March 17th: Mirai Makes Mistakes; Compromised Github Action; ruby-saml vulnerability; Fake GitHub Security Alert Phishing Mirai Bot Now Incorporating Malformed DrayTek Vigor Router Exploits One of the many versions of the Mirai botnet added some new exploit strings attempting to take advantage of an old DrayTek Vigor Router vulnerability, but they got the URL wrong. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Mirai%20Bot%20now%20incroporating%20%28malformed%3F%29%20DrayTek%20Vigor%20Router%20Exploits/31770 Compromised GitHub Action The popular GitHub action tj-actions/changed-files was compromised and leaks credentials via the action logs https://www.stepsecurity.io/blog/harden-runner-detection-tj-actions-changed-files-action-is-compromised ruby-saml authentication bypass A confusion in how to parse SAML messages between two XML parsers used by Ruby leads to an authentication bypass in saml-ruby. https://github.blog/security/sign-in-as-anyone-bypassing-saml-sso-authentication-with-parser-differentials/ GitHub Fake Security Alerts Fake GitHub security alerts are used to trick package maintainers into adding OAUTH privileges to malicious apps. https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/fake-security-alert-issues-on-github-use-oauth-app-to-hijack-accounts/ keywords: github, oauth, saml, ruby, phishing, actions, mirai, draytek

SANS Stormcast: File Hashes in MSFT BI; Apache Camel Vuln; Juniper Fixes Exploited Vuln; AMI Patches 10.0 Redfish BMC Vuln File Hashes Analysis with Power BI Guy explains in this diary how to analyze Cowrie honeypot file hashes using Microsoft's BI tool and what you may be able to discover using this tool. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/File%20Hashes%20Analysis%20with%20Power%20BI%20from%20Data%20Stored%20in%20DShield%20SIEM/31764 Apache Camel Vulnerability Apache released two patches for Camel in close succession. Initially, the vulnerability was only addressed for headers, but as Akamai discovered, it can also be exploited via query parameters. This vulnerability is trivial to exploit and leads to arbitrary code execution. https://www.akamai.com/blog/security-research/march-apache-camel-vulnerability-detections-and-mitigations Juniper Patches Junos Vulnerability Juniper patches an already exploited vulnerability in JunOS. However, to exploit the vulnerability, and attacker already needs privileged access. By exploiting the vulnerability, an attacker may completely compromised the device. https://supportportal.juniper.net/s/article/2025-03-Out-of-Cycle-Security-Bulletin-Junos-OS-A-local-attacker-with-shell-access-can-execute-arbitrary-code-CVE-2025-21590?language=en_US AMI Security Advisory AMI patched three vulnerabilities. One of the, an authentication bypass in Redfish, allows for a complete system compromise without authentication and is rated with a CVSS score of 10.0. https://go.ami.com/hubfs/Security%20Advisories/2025/AMI-SA-2025003.pdf keywords: AMI; BIOS; Redfish; Juniper; JunOS; apache; camel; power bi; cowrie; honeypot

SANS Stormcast Thursday Mar 13th: Exploiting Login Pages with Log4j; Patch Tuesday Fallout; Adobe Patches; Medusa Ransomware; Zoom and Font Library Updates; Log4J Scans for VMWare Hyhbrid Cloud Extensions An attacker is scanning various login pages, including the authentication feature in the VMWare HCX REST API for Log4j vulnerabilities. The attack submits the exploit string as username, hoping to trigger the vulnerability as Log4j logs the username https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Scans%20for%20VMWare%20Hybrid%20Cloud%20Extension%20%28HCX%29%20API%20(Log4j%20-%20not%20brute%20forcing)/31762 Patch Tuesday Fallout Yesterday's Apple patch may re-activate Apple Intelligence for users who earlier disabled it. Microsoft is offering support for users whos USB printers started printing giberish after a January patch was applies. https://www.macrumors.com/2025/03/11/ios-18-3-2-apple-intelligence-auto-on/ https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/release-health/status-windows-10-22h2#usb-printers-might-print-random-text-with-the-january-2025-preview-update Adobe Updates Adobe updated seven different products, including Adobe Acrobat. The Acrobat vulnerability may lead to remote code execution and Adobe considers the vulnerablities critical. https://helpx.adobe.com/security/security-bulletin.html Medusa Ransomware CISA and partner agencies released details about the Medusa Ransomware. The document includes many details useful to defenders. https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa25-071a Zoom Update Zoom released a critical update fixing a number of remote code execution vulnerabilities. https://www.zoom.com/en/trust/security-bulletin/ FreeType Library Vulnerability https://www.facebook.com/security/advisories/cve-2025-27363 keywords: freetype; zoom; medusa; ransomware; adobe; patch tuesday

SANS Stormcast Wednesday Mar 12th: Microsoft Patch Tuesday; Apple Patch; Espressif ESP32 Statement Microsoft Patch Tuesday Microsoft Patched six already exploited vulnerabilities today. In addition, the patches included a critical patch for Microsoft's DNS server and about 50 additional patches. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Microsoft%20Patch%20Tuesday%3A%20March%202025/31756 Apple Updates iOS/macOS Apple released an update to address a single, already exploited, vulnerability in WebKit. This vulnerability affects iOS, macOS and VisionOS. https://support.apple.com/en-us/100100 Expressif Response to ESP32 Debug Commands Expressif released a statement commenting on the recent release of a paper alledging "Backdoors" in ESP32 chipsets. According to Expressif, these commands are debug commands and not reachable directly via Bluetooth. https://www.espressif.com/en/news/Response_ESP32_Bluetooth keywords: apple, expressif, esp32, microsoft, patches

SANS Stormcast Tuesday Mar 11th: Shellcode as UUIDs; Moxe Switch Vuln Updates; Opentext Vuln; Livewire Volt Vuln; Shellcode Encoded in UUIDs Attackers are using UUIDs to encode Shellcode. The 128 Bit (or 16 Bytes) encoded in each UUID are converted to shell code to implement a cobalt strike beacon https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Shellcode%20Encoded%20in%20UUIDs/31752 Moxa CVE-2024-12297 Expanded to PT Switches Moxa in January first releast an update to address a fronted authorizaation logic disclosure vulnerability. It now updated the advisory and included the PT series switches as vulenrable. https://www.moxa.com/en/support/product-support/security-advisory/mpsa-241408-cve-2024-12297-frontend-authorization-logic-disclosure-vulnerability-identified-in-pt-switches Opentext Insufficently Protected Credentials https://portal.microfocus.com/s/article/KM000037455?language=en_US Livewire Volt API vulnerability https://github.com/livewire/volt/security/advisories/GHSA-v69f-5jxm-hwvv keywords: livewire; volt; api; opentest; moxa; switches; pt; shellcode uuid

SANS Stormcast: Webshells; Undocumented ESP32 Commands; Camera Used For Ransomware Distribution Commonly Probed Webshell URLs Many attackers deploy web shells to gain a foothold on vulnerable web servers. These webshells can also be taken over by parasitic exploits. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Commonly%20Probed%20Webshell%20URLs/31748 Undocumented ESP32 Commands A recent conference presentation by Tarlogic revealed several "backdoors" or undocumented features in the commonly used ESP32 Chipsets. Tarlogic also released a toolkit to make it easier to audit chipsets and find these hiddent commands. https://www.tarlogic.com/news/backdoor-esp32-chip-infect-ot-devices/ Camera Off: Akira deploys ransomware via Webcam The Akira ransomware group was recently observed infecting a network with Ransomware by taking advantage of a webcam. https://www.s-rminform.com/latest-thinking/camera-off-akira-deploys-ransomware-via-webcam keywords: webcam; akira; esp32; expressif; webshell;

SANS Stormcast Friday Mar 7th: Chrome vs Extensions; Kibana Update; PrePw0n3d Android TV Sticks; Identifying APTs (@sans_edu, Eric LeBlanc) Latest Google Chrome Update Encourages UBlock Origin Removal The latest update to Google Chrome not only disabled the UBlock Origin ad blocker, but also guides users to uninstall the extension instead of re-enabling it. https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2025/03/stable-channel-update-for-desktop.html https://www.reddit.com/r/youtube/comments/1j2ec76/ublock_origin_is_gone/ Critical Kibana Update Elastic published a critical Kibana update patching a prototype polution vulnerability that would allow arbitrary code execution for users with the "Viewer" role. https://discuss.elastic.co/t/kibana-8-17-3-security-update-esa-2025-06/375441 Certified PrePw0n3d Android TV Sticks Wired is reporting of over a million Android TV sticks that were found to be pre-infected with adware https://www.wired.com/story/android-tv-streaming-boxes-china-backdoor/ SANS.edu Research Paper Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are among the most challenging to detect in enterprise environments, often mimicking authorized privileged access prior to their actions on objectives. https://www.sans.edu/cyber-research/identifying-advanced-persistent-threat-activity-through-threat-informed-detection-engineering-enhancing-alert-visibility-enterprises/ keywords: sans.edu; research; apt; android; kibana; elastic; ublock; origin; chrome; extensions

SANS Stormcast Thursday Mar 6th: DShield ELK Analysis; Jailbreaking AMD CPUs; VIM Vulnerability; Snail Mail Ransomware DShield Traffic Analysis using ELK The "DShield SIEM" includes an ELK dashboard as part of the Honeypot. Learn how to find traffic of interest with this tool. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/DShield%20Traffic%20Analysis%20using%20ELK/31742 Zen and the Art of Microcode Hacking Google released details, including a proof of concept exploit, showing how to take advantage of the recently patched AMD microcode vulnerability https://bughunters.google.com/blog/5424842357473280/zen-and-the-art-of-microcode-hacking CVE-2024-56161 VIM Vulnerability An attacker may execute arbitrary code by tricking a user to open a crafted tar file in VIM https://github.com/vim/vim/security/advisories/GHSA-wfmf-8626-q3r3 Snil Mail Fake Ransom Note A copy cat group is impersonating ransomware actors. The group sends snail mail to company executives claiming to have stolen company data and threatening to leak it unless a payment is made. https://www.guidepointsecurity.com/blog/snail-mail-fail-fake-ransom-note-campaign-preys-on-fear/ keywords: snail mail; ransomware; vim; zen; microcode; elk; dshield

SANS Stormcast Wednesday Mar 5th: SMTP Credential Hunt; mac-robber.py update; ADSelfService Plus Account Takeover; Android Patch Day; PayPal Scams; VMWare Escape Fix Romanian Distillery Scanning for SMTP Credentials A particular attacker expanded the scope of their leaked credential file scans. In addition to the usual ".env" style files, it is not looking for specific SMTP related credential files. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Romanian%20Distillery%20Scanning%20for%20SMTP%20Credentials/31736 Tool Updates: mac-robber.py This update of mac-robber.py fixes issues with symlinks. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Tool%20update%3A%20mac-robber.py/31738 CVE-2025-1723 – Account takeover vulnerability in ADSelfService Plus CVE-2025-1723 describes a vulnerability caused by session mishandling in ADSelfService Plus that could allow unauthorized access to user enrollment data when MFA was not enabled for ADSelfService Plus login. https://www.manageengine.com/products/self-service-password/advisory/CVE-2025-1723.html Android March Update Google released an update for Android addressing two already exploited vulnerabilities and several critical issues. https://source.android.com/docs/security/bulletin/2025-03-01 PayPal's no-code-checkout Abuse Attackers are using PayPal's no-code-checkout feature is being abused by scammers to host PayPal tech support scam pages right within the PayPal.com domain. https://www.malwarebytes.com/blog/scams/2025/02/paypals-no-code-checkout-abused-by-scammers Broadcom Fixes three VMWare VCenter Vulnerabilities https://github.com/vmware/vcf-security-and-compliance-guidelines/tree/main/security-advisories/vmsa-2025-0004 keywords: vmware; broadcom; paypal; android; adselfservice; zoho; mac-robber; smtp; credentials; json; jennsen

SANS Stormcast Tuesday Mar 4th: Mark of the Web Details; Sharepint and Click-Fix Phishing; Paragon Partionmanager BYOVD Exploit Mark of the Web: Some Technical Details Windows implements the "Mark of the Web" (MotW) as an alternate data stream that contains not just the "zoneid" of where the file came from, but may include other data like the exact URL and referrer. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Mark%20of%20the%20Web%3A%20Some%20Technical%20Details/31732 Havoc Sharepoint with Microsoft Graph API A recent phishing attack observed by Fortinet uses a simple HTML email to trick a user into copy pasting powershell into their system to execute additional code. Most of the malware interaction uses a Sharepoint site via Microsoft's Graph API futher hiding the malicious traffic https://www.fortinet.com/blog/threat-research/havoc-sharepoint-with-microsoft-graph-api-turns-into-fud-c2 Paragon Partition Manager Exploit A vulnerable Paragon Partition Manager has been user recently to escalate privileges for ransomware deployment. Even if you to not have PAragon installed: An attacker may just "bring the vulnerable driver" to your system. https://kb.cert.org/vuls/id/726882 keywords: paragon; partition; manager; sharepoint; clickfix; click-fix; phishing; motw

SANS Stormcast Monday Mar 3rd: AI Training Data Leaks; MITRE Caldera Vuln; modsecurity bypass Common Crawl includes Common Leaks The "Common Crawl" dataset, a large dataset created by spidering website, contains as expected many API keys and other secrets. This data is often used to train large language models https://trufflesecurity.com/blog/research-finds-12-000-live-api-keys-and-passwords-in-deepseek-s-training-data Github Repositories Exposed by Copilot As it is well known, Github's Copilot is using data from public GitHub repositories to train it's model. However, it appears that repositories who were briefly left open and later made private have been included as well, allowing Copilot users to retrieve files from these repositories. https://www.lasso.security/blog/lasso-major-vulnerability-in-microsoft-copilot MITRE Caldera Framework Allows Unauthenticated Code Execution The MITRE Caldera adversary emulation framework allows for unauthenticted code execution by allowing attackers to specify compiler options https://medium.com/@mitrecaldera/mitre-caldera-security-advisory-remote-code-execution-cve-2025-27364-5f679e2e2a0e modsecurity Rule Bypass Attackers may bypass the modsecurity web application firewall by prepending encoded characters with 0. https://github.com/owasp-modsecurity/ModSecurity/security/advisories/GHSA-42w7-rmv5-4x2j keywords: ai; copilot; api keys; mitre; caldera; common crawl;

SANS Stormcast Friday Feb 28th: Njrat devtunnels.ms; Apple FindMe Abuse; XSS Exploited; @sans_edu Ben Powell EDR vs. Ransomware Njrat Compaign Using Microsoft dev Tunnels: A recent version of the Njrat remote admin tool is taking advantage of Microsoft's developer tunnels (devtunnels.ms) as a command and control channel. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Njrat%20Campaign%20Using%20Microsoft%20Dev%20Tunnels/31724 NrootTag Apple FindMy Abuse Malware could use a weakness in the keys used for Apple FindMy to abuse it to track victims. Updates were released with iOS 18.2, but to solve the issue the vast majority of Apple users must update. https://nroottag.github.io/ 360XSS: Mass Website Exploitation via Virtual Tour Framework The Krpano VR library which is often used to implement 3D virtual tours on real estate websites, is currently being abused to inject spam messages. The XSS vulnerabilty could allow attackers to inject even more malicious JavaScript. https://olegzay.com/360xss/ SANS.edu Research: Proof is in the Pudding: EDR Configuration Versus Ransomware. Benjamin Powell https://www.sans.edu/cyber-research/proof-pudding-edr-configuration-versus-ransomware/ keywords: sans.edu; ben power; krpano; vr; 360; xss; findmy; ios; njrat; microsoft; devtunnels;

SANS Stormcast Thursday Feb 27th: High Exfil Ports; Malicious VS Code Theme; Developer Workstation Safety; NAKIVO PoC; OpenH264 and rsync vuln; Attacker of of Ephemeral Ports Attackers often use ephermeral ports to reach out to download additional resources or exfiltrate data. This can be used, with care, to detect possible compromises. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/%5BGuest%20Diary%5D%20Malware%20Source%20Servers%3A%20The%20Threat%20of%20Attackers%20Using%20Ephemeral%20Ports%20as%20Service%20Ports%20to%20Upload%20Data/31710 Compromised Visal Studio Code Extension downloaded by Millions Amit Assaraf identified a likely compromised Visual Studio Code theme that was installed by millions of potential victims. Amit did not disclose the exact malicious behaviour, but is asking for victims to contact them for details. https://medium.com/@amitassaraf/a-wolf-in-dark-mode-the-malicious-vs-code-theme-that-fooled-millions-85ed92b4bd26 ByBit Theft Due to Compromised Developer Workstation ByBit and Safe{Wallet} disclosed that the record breaking ethereum theft was due to a compromised Safe{Wallet} developer workstation. A replaced JavaScript file targeted ByBit and altered a transaction signed by ByBit. https://x.com/benbybit/status/1894768736084885929 https://x.com/safe/status/1894768522720350673 PoC for NAKIVO Backup Replication Vulnerability This vulnerability allows the compromise of NAKIVO backup systems. The vulnerability was patched silently in November, and never disclosed by NAKIVO. Instead, WatchTowr now disloses details including a proof of concept exploit. https://labs.watchtowr.com/the-best-security-is-when-we-all-agree-to-keep-everything-secret-except-the-secrets-nakivo-backup-replication-cve-2024-48248/ OpenH264 Vulnerability https://github.com/cisco/openh264/security/advisories/GHSA-m99q-5j7x-7m9x rsync vulnerability exploited https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog keywords: rsync, openh254, nakivo; bybit; safewallet; visual studio code;

SANS Stormcast Wednesday Feb 26th: M365 Infostealer Botnet; Mixing OpenID Keys; Malicious Medical Image Apps Massive Botnet Targets M365 with Password Spraying A large botnet is targeting service accounts in M365 with credentials stolen by infostealer malware. https://securityscorecard.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/MassiveBotnet-Report_022125_03.pdf Mixing up Public and Private Keys in OpenID The complex OpenID specificiation and the flexibility it supports enables careless administrators to publich private keys instead or in addition to public keys https://blog.hboeck.de/archives/909-Mixing-up-Public-and-Private-Keys-in-OpenID-Connect-deployments.html Healthcare Malware Hunt Part 1: Medial images are often encoded in the DICOM format, an image format unique to medical imaging. Patients looking for viewers for DICOM images are tricked into downloading malware. https://www.forescout.com/blog/healthcare-malware-hunt-part-1-silver-fox-apt-targets-philips-dicom-viewers/ keywords: dicom; medical; malware; openid; m365; infostealer

SANS Stormcast Tuesday Feb 25th: Unfurl Updates; Google Ditches SMS; Paypal Phish; Exim, libXML, Parallels Vuln Unfurl Update Released Unfurl released an Update fixing a few bugs and adding support to decode BlueSky URLs. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Unfurl%20v2025.02%20released/31716 Google Confirms GMail To Ditch SMS Code Authentication Google no longer considers SMS authentication save enough for GMail. Instead, it pushes users to use Passkeys, or QR code based app authentication https://www.forbes.com/sites/daveywinder/2025/02/23/google-confirms-gmail-to-ditch-sms-code-authentication/ Beware of Paypal New Address Feature Abuse Attackers are using "address change" e-mails to send links to phishing sites or trick users into calling fake tech support phone numbers. Attackers are just adding the malicious content as part of the address. The e-mail themselves are legitimate PayPal emails and will pass various spam and phishing filters. https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/beware-paypal-new-address-feature-abused-to-send-phishing-emails/ Exim SQL Injection Vulnerability Exim, with sqlite support and ETRN enabled, is vulnerable to a simple SQL injection exploit. A PoC has been released https://www.exim.org/static/doc/security/CVE-2025-26794.txt https://github.com/OscarBataille/CVE-2025-26794? XMLlib patches https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/issues/847 https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/issues/828 0-Day in Parallels https://jhftss.github.io/Parallels-0-day/ keywords: 0-day, parallels, exim; sql; injection; paypal; phishing; sms; google; qmail; unfurl

SANS Stormcast Monday Feb 24th: sigs.py update; Google Introdusing Quantum Safe Sigs; MSFT Update Win 11 issues; LTE/5G Vulns; Tool Update: Sigs.py Jim updates sigs.py. The tool verifies hashes for files and automatically recognizes what hash is used. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Tool%20update%3A%20sigs.py%20-%20added%20check%20mode/31706 Google Announcing Quantum Safe Digital Signatures in Cloud KMS Google announced the option to use quantum safe digital signatures for its cloud key management system. https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/identity-security/announcing-quantum-safe-digital-signatures-in-cloud-kms Windows 11 Patch issues The February Patch Tuesday appears to have caused issues with a number of Windows 11 systems. In particular the usability of the file manager appears to be affected. https://www.windowslatest.com/2025/02/16/windows-11-kb5051987-breaks-file-explorer-install-fails-on-windows-11-24h2/ LTE/5G Vulnerabilities Researchers at the university of Florida have identified a large number of vulnerabilities in 5G and LTE networks. https://nathanielbennett.com/publications/ransacked.pdf keywords: ransacked; lte; 5g; windows 11; microsoft; patches; quantum; google; kms; signatures; hashes; sigs.py

SANS Stormcast Friday Feb 21st: Kibana Queries; Mongoose Injection; U-Boot Flaws; Unifi Protect Camera Vulnerabilities; Protecting Network Devices as Endpoint (Austin Clark @sans_edu) Using ES|QL In Kibana to Query DShield Honeypot Logs Using the "Elastic Search Piped Query Language" to query DShield honeypot logs https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Using%20ES%7CQL%20in%20Kibana%20to%20Queries%20DShield%20Honeypot%20Logs/31704 Mongoose Flaws Put MongoDB at risk The Object Direct Mapping library Mongoose suffers from an injection vulnerability leading to the potenitial of remote code exeuction in MongoDB https://www.theregister.com/2025/02/20/mongoose_flaws_mongodb/ U-Boot Vulnerabilities The open source boot loader U-Boot does suffer from a number of issues allowing the bypass of its integrity checks. This may lead to the execution of malicious code on boot. https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/02/17/2 Unifi Protect Camera Update https://community.ui.com/releases/Security-Advisory-Bulletin-046-046/9649ea8f-93db-4713-a875-c3fd7614943f keywords: unifi; protect; u-boot; honeypot; kibana; logs;

SANS Stormcast Wednesday Feb 20th: XWorm Cocktail; Quantum Computing Breakthrough; Signal Phishing XWorm Cocktail: A Mix of PE data with PowerShell Code Quick analysis of an interesting XWrom sample with powershell code embedded inside an executable https://isc.sans.edu/diary/XWorm+Cocktail+A+Mix+of+PE+data+with+PowerShell+Code/31700 Microsoft's Majorana 1 Chip Carves New Path for Quantum Computing Microsoft announced a breack through in Quantum computing. Its new prototype Majorana 1 chip takes advantage of exotic majorana particles to implement a scalable low error rate solution to building quantum computers https://news.microsoft.com/source/features/ai/microsofts-majorana-1-chip-carves-new-path-for-quantum-computing/ Russia Targeting Signal Messenger Signal is well regarded as a secure end to end encrypted messaging platform. However, a user may be tricked into providing access to their account by scanning a QR code masquerading as a group channel invitation. https://cloud.google.com/blog/topics/threat-intelligence/russia-targeting-signal-messenger/ keywords: russia; signal; ukraine; quantum; majorana; xworm; powershell

SANS Stormcast Tuesday Feb 19th: ModelScan AI Model Security; OpenSSH Vuln; Juniper Patches; Dell BIOS Vulnerability ModelScan: Protection Against Model Serialization Attacks ModelScan is a tool to inspect AI models for deserialization attacks. The tool will detect suspect commands and warn the user. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/ModelScan%20-%20Protection%20Against%20Model%20Serialization%20Attacks/31692 OpenSSH MitM and DoS Vulnerabilities OpenSSH Patched two vulnerabilities discovered by Qualys. One may be used for MitM attack in specfic configurations of OpenSSH. https://www.qualys.com/2025/02/18/openssh-mitm-dos.txt Juniper Authentication Bypass Juniper fixed an authentication bypass vulnerability that affects several prodcuts. The patch was released outside the normal patch schedule. https://supportportal.juniper.net/s/article/2025-02-Out-of-Cycle-Security-Bulletin-Session-Smart-Router-Session-Smart-Conductor-WAN-Assurance-Router-API-Authentication-Bypass-Vulnerability-CVE-2025-21589?language=en_US DELL BIOS Patches DELL released BIOS updates fixing a privilege escalation issue. The update affects a large part of Dell's portfolio https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-en/000258429/dsa-2025-021 keywords: dell, bios; juniper; openssh; modelscan;

SANS Stormcast: Securing the Edge; PostgreSQL Exploit; Ivanti Exploit; WinZip Vulnerablity; Xerox Patch My Very Personal Guidance and Strategies to Protect Network Edge Devices A quick summary to help you secure edge devices. This may be a bit opinionated, but these are the strategies that I find work and are actionable. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/My%20Very%20Personal%20Guidance%20and%20Strategies%20to%20Protect%20Network%20Edge%20Devices/31660 PostgreSQL SQL Injection A followup to yesterday's segment about the PostgreSQL vulnerability. Rapid7 released a Metasploit module to exploit the vulnerability. https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/pull/19877 Ivanti Connect Secure Exploited The Japanese CERT observed exploitation of January's Connect Secure vulnerability https://blogs.jpcert.or.jp/ja/2025/02/spawnchimera.html WinZip Vulnerability WinZip patched a buffer overflow vulenrability that may be triggered by malicious 7Z files https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-047/ Xerox Printer Patch Xerox patched two vulnerabililites in its enterprise multifunction printers that may be exploited for lateral movement. https://securitydocs.business.xerox.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Xerox-Security-Bulletin-XRX25-003-for-Xerox-VersaLinkPhaser-and-WorkCentre.pdf keywords: xerox; winzip; ivanti; connect secure; postgresql; sql; edge;

SANS Stormcast Monday Feb 17th: Fake BSOD; Volatile IPs; Postgresql libpq SQL Injection; OAUTH Phishing Fake BSOD Delivered by Malicious Python Script Xavier found an odd malicious Python script that displays a blue screen of death to users. The purpose isn't quite clear. It could be a teach support scam tricking users into calling the 800 number displayed, or a simple anti-reversing trick https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Fake%20BSOD%20Delivered%20by%20Malicious%20Python%20Script/31686 The Danger of IP Volatility Accounting for IP addresses is important, and if not done properly, may lead to resources being exposed after IP addresses are released. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/The%20Danger%20of%20IP%20Volatility/31688 PostgreSQL SQL Injection Functions in PostgreSQL's libpq do not properly escape parameters which may lead to SQL injection issues if the functions are used to create input for pqsql. https://www.postgresql.org/support/security/CVE-2025-1094/ Multiple Russian Threat Actors Targeting Microsoft Device Code Auth The OAUTH device code flow is used to attach devices with limited input capability to a user's account. However, this can be abused via phishing attacks. https://www.volexity.com/blog/2025/02/13/multiple-russian-threat-actors-targeting-microsoft-device-code-authentication/ keywords: oauth; postgresql; ip; volatility; bsod

SANS Stormcast Feb 14th 2025: DShield Honeypot SIEM; PAN OS Auth Bypass; Salt Typhone vs. Cisco; Crowdstrike Patch DShield SIEM Docker Updates Interested in learning more about the attacks hitting your honeypot? Guy assembled a neat SIEM to create dashboards summarizing the attacks. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/DShield%20SIEM%20Docker%20Updates/31680 PANOS Path Confusion Auth Bypass Palo Alto Networks fixed a path confusion vulnerability introduced by the overly complex midle box chain in PANOS. https://slcyber.io/blog/nginx-apache-path-confusion-to-auth-bypass-in-pan-os/ https://www.theregister.com/2025/02/13/palo_alto_firewall/ China's Volt Typhoon Continues to use Cisco Vulns Recorded Future wrote up some recent attacks of the Red Mike / Volt Typhoon groups going after telecom providers by compromissing Cisco systems via an older vulnerabilty https://www.wired.com/story/chinas-salt-typhoon-spies-are-still-hacking-telecoms-now-by-exploiting-cisco-routers/ Crowdstrike Patches Linux Client https://www.crowdstrike.com/security-advisories/cve-2025-1146/ keywords: crowdstrike; falcon; china; volt typhoon; redmike; cisco; panos; nginx; apache; php; dshield; siem;

SANS Stormcast Feb 13th 2025: Smart City Threats; Advanced Social Engineering Attacks; Wazuh Vulnerability; PAM Vulnerability; Ivanti Patches An Ontology for Threats: Cybercrime and Digital Forensic Investigation on Smart City Infrastructure Smart cities is a big topic for many local governments. With building these complex systems, attacks will follow. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/An%20ontology%20for%20threats%2C%20cybercrime%20and%20digital%20forensic%20investigation%20on%20Smart%20City%20Infrastructure/31676 North Korean state actor tricking admins into executing PowerShell North Korean state actors are spending quite a bit of effort setting up relationships with South Korean system administrators, culminating in them getting tricked into executing malicious PowerShell scripts. https://x.com/MsftSecIntel/status/1889407814604296490 Wazuh Vulnerability A deserialization vulnerability in Wazuh may lead to an unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability https://github.com/wazuh/wazuh/security/advisories/GHSA-hcrc-79hj-m3qh PAM PKCS11 Vulnerablity Several vulnerabilities in the Linux PAM module processing smart card authentication can be used to bypass authentication https://github.com/OpenSC/pam_pkcs11/releases/tag/pam_pkcs11-0.6.13 Ivanti Patches Ivanti released its monhtly update, fixing a number of critical vulnerabilities in Connect Secure and other prodcuts https://forums.ivanti.com/s/article/February-Security-Advisory-Ivanti-Connect-Secure-ICS-Ivanti-Policy-Secure-IPS-and-Ivanti-Secure-Access-Client-ISAC-Multiple-CVEs?language=en_US keywords: ivanti; pam; pkcs11; linux; wazuh; korea; powershell; ontology; smart city

SANS Stormcast Feb 12th 2025: MSFT Patch Tuesday; Adobe Patches; FortiNet Acknowledges Exploitation of FortiOS Microsoft Patch Tuesday Microsoft released patches for 55 vulnerabilities. Three of them are actagorized as critical, two are already exploited and another two have been publicly disclosed. The LDAP server vulnerability could become a huge deal, but it is not clear if an exploit will appear. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Microsoft%20February%202025%20Patch%20Tuesday/31674 Adobe Patches Adobe released patches for seven products. Watch out in particular for the Adobe Commerce issues https://helpx.adobe.com/security/security-bulletin.html Fortinet Acknowledges Exploitation of Vulnerability https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-535 keywords: fortinet; adobe; microsoft;

SANS Stormcast Feb 11th 2025: 7zip and MoW; Apple 0-Day Fix; AMD Microcode Overwrite; Trimble CityWorks 0-Day; MageCart Update Reminder: 7-Zip MoW The MoW must be added to any files extracted from ZIP or other compound file formats. 7-Zip does not do so by default unless you alter the default configuration. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Reminder%3A%207-Zip%20%26%20MoW/31668 Apple Fixes 0-Day Apple released updates to iOS and iPadOS fixing a bypass for USB Restricted Mode. The vulnerability is already being exploited. https://support.apple.com/en-us/122174 AMD ZEN CPU Microcode Update An attacker is able to replace microcode on some AMD CPUs. This may alter how the CPUs function and Google released a PoC showing how it can be used to manipulate the random number generator. https://github.com/google/security-research/security/advisories/GHSA-4xq7-4mgh-gp6w Trimble Cityworks Exploited CISA added a recent Trimble Cityworks vulnerabliity to its list of exploited vulnerabilities. https://learn.assetlifecycle.trimble.com/i/1532182-cityworks-customer-communication-2025-02-06-docx/0? Google Tag Manager Skimmer Steals Credit Card Info Sucuri released a blog post with updates to the mage cart campaign. The latest version is injecting malicious code as part of the google tag manager / analytics code. https://blog.sucuri.net/2025/02/google-tag-manager-skimmer-steals-credit-card-info-from-magento-site.html keywords: google; sucuri; amd; trimble; cityworks; tag manager;

SANS Internet Stormcast Feb 10th 2025: Podcast Anniversary; SSL 2.0; Exposed Deepseek Installs; Crypto Scam costs SSL 2.0 Turns 30 This Sunday SSL was created in February 1995. However, back in 2005, only a year later, SSL 3.0 was released, and as of 2011, SSL 2.0 was deprecated, and support was removed from many crypto libraries. However, over 400k hosts are still exposed via SSL 2.0. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/SSL%202.0%20turns%2030%20this%20Sunday...%20Perhaps%20the%20time%20has%20come%20to%20let%20it%20die%3F/31664 Deepseek News Many articles cover various security shortcomings in the Chinese Deepseek AI model. Remember that some of these issues are not unique to Deepseek. https://www.upguard.com/blog/deepseek-adoption https://www.reversinglabs.com/blog/rl-identifies-malware-ml-model-hosted-on-hugging-face https://www.wiz.io/blog/wiz-research-uncovers-exposed-deepseek-database-leak https://www.nowsecure.com/blog/2025/02/06/nowsecure-uncovers-multiple-security-and-privacy-flaws-in-deepseek-ios-mobile-app/ Crypto Wallet Scam Not For Free Didier looked closer at the recent dual signature crypto scams. These wallets are not free; attackers must spend money to set them up. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Crypto+Wallet+Scam+Not+For+Free/31666 keywords: crypto; deepseek; ssl; anniversary

SANS Internet Stormcast Feb 7th 2025: Unbreakable Anti-Debugging; The Unbreakable Multi-Layer Anti-Debugging System Xavier found a nice Python script that included what it calls the "Unbreakable Multi-Layer Anti-Debugging System". Leave it up to Xavier to tear it appart for you. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/The%20Unbreakable%20Multi-Layer%20Anti-Debugging%20System/31658 Take my money: OCR crypto stealers in Google Play and App Store Malware using OCR on screen shots was available not just via Google Play, but also the Apple App Store. https://securelist.com/sparkcat-stealer-in-app-store-and-google-play-2/115385/ Threat Actors Still Leveraging Legit RMM Tool ScreenConnect Unsurprisingly, threat actors still like to use legit remote admin tools, like ScreenConnect, as a command and control channel. Silent Push outlines the latest trends and IoCs they found https://www.silentpush.com/blog/screenconnect/ Cisco Identity Services Engine Insecure Java Deserialization and Authorization Bypass Vulnerabilities Java deserializing strikes again to allow arbitrary code execution. Cisco fixed this vulnerability and a authorization bypass issue in its Identity Services Engine https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-ise-multivuls-FTW9AOXF F5 Update F5 fixes an interesting authentication bypass problem affecting TLS client certificates https://my.f5.com/manage/s/article/K000149173 keywords: f5, java, cisco, ise; ios; android; screenshots; screenconnect; python; anti-debugging

SANS Internet Stormcast Feb 6th 2025: com- prefix domain phishing; Win 10 ESU pricing; Firewall CT Policy; Veeam and Netgear patches Phishing via com- prefix domains Every day, attackers are registering a few hunder domain names starting with com-. These are used in phishing e-mails, like for example "toll fee scams", to create more convincing phishing links. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Phishing%20via%20%22com-%22%20prefix%20domains/31654 Microsoft Windows 10 Extended Security Updates Microsoft released pricing and additional details for the Windows 10 extended security updates. For the first year after official free updates stopped, security updates will be available for $61 for the first year. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/whats-new/extended-security-updates Mozilla Enforcing Certificate Transparency Mozilla is following the lead from other browsers, and will require certificates to include a certificate signature timestamp as proof of compliance with certificate transparency requirements. https://groups.google.com/a/mozilla.org/g/dev-security-policy/c/OagRKpVirsA/m/Q4c89XG-EAAJ https://wiki.mozilla.org/SecurityEngineering/Certificate_Transparency#Enterprise_Policies Veeam Update Veeam's internal backup process may be used to execute arbitrary code by an attacker with a machine in the middle position. https://www.veeam.com/kb4712 Netgear Unauthenticated RCE https://kb.netgear.com/000066558/Security-Advisory-for-Unauthenticated-RCE-on-Some-WiFi-Routers-PSV-2023-0039 keywords: netgear; veeam; firefox; certificate transparency; ct; microsoft; windows 10; ESU; updates; phishing; sunpass;

SANS ISC Stormcast Feb 5ht 2025: Feed Updates and Rosti; Resurrecting Dead S3 Buckets; Let's Encrypt Changes; Edge Device Security Some Updates to Our Data Feeds We made some updates to the documentation for our data feeds, and added the neat Rosti Feed to our list as well as to our ipinfo page. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Some%20updates%20to%20our%20data%20feeds/31650 8 Million Request Later We Meade the Solarwindws Supply Chain Attack Look Amateur While the title is a bit of watchTowr hyperbole, the problem of resurrecting dead S3 buckets back to live is real and needs to be addressed. Boring solutions will help not becoming an exciting headline. https://labs.watchtowr.com/8-million-requests-later-we-made-the-solarwinds-supply-chain-attack-look-amateur/ Let's Encrypt Ending Expiration Emails Let's Encrypt will no longer send emails for expiring certificates. They suggest other free services to send these emails for you https://letsencrypt.org/2025/01/22/ending-expiration-emails/ Guidance and Strategies Protect Network Edge Edvices CISA and other agencies created a guidance document outlining how to protect edge devices like firewalls, vpn concentrators and other similar devices. https://www.cisa.gov/resources-tools/resources/guidance-and-strategies-protect-network-edge-devices keywords: cisa; edge; devices; guidance; letsencrypt; email; s3; bucket; feeds; documentation; data

SANS ISC Stormcast Feb 4th 2025: Crypto Scam; Mediatek and D-Link Patches; Microsoft ends VPN Service Crypto Wallet Scam YouTube spam messages leak private keys to crypto wallets. However, these keys can not be used to withdraw funds. Victims are scammed into depositing "gas fees" which are then collected by the scammer. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Crypto%20Wallet%20Scam/31646 Mediatek Patches Mediatek patched numerous vulnerabilities in its WLAN products. Some allow for unauthenticated arbitrary code execution https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/February-2025 D-Link Vulnerability D-Link disclosed a vulnerability in older routers that as of May no longer receive any updates. Your only option is to upgrade hardare. https://supportannouncement.us.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10415 Microsoft Discontinues VPN Service Microsoft is shutting down the VPN service that was included as part of Microsoft Defender https://support.microsoft.com/en-au/topic/end-of-support-privacy-protection-vpn-in-microsoft-defender-for-individuals-8b503da5-732a-4472-833a-e2ddca53036a keywords: microsoft, dlink, mediatek, okx, crypto, scam

SANS ISC Stormcast Feb 3rd 2025: Automating Cyber Ranges; Deepseek Scams; PyPi Archived State; Medical Backdoors To Simulate or Replicate: Crafting Cyber Ranges Automating the creation of cyber ranges. This will be a multi part series and this part covers creating the DNS configuration in Windows https://isc.sans.edu/diary/To%20Simulate%20or%20Replicate%3A%20Crafting%20Cyber%20Ranges/31642 Scammers Exploiting Deepseek Hype Scammers are using the hype around Deepseek, and some of the confusion caused by it's site not being reachable, to scam users into installing malware. I am also including a link to a "jailbreak" of Deepseek (this part was not covered in the podcast). https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/cybersecurity/scammers-exploiting-deepseek-hype/ https://lab.wallarm.com/jailbreaking-generative-ai/ PyPi Archived Status PyPi introduced a new feature to mark repositories as archived. This implies that the author is no longer maintaining the particular package https://blog.pypi.org/posts/2025-01-30-archival/ ICS Mecial Advisory: Comtec Patient Monitor Backdoor And interested backdoor was found in a Comtech Patient Monitor. https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-medical-advisories/icsma-25-030-01 keywords: comtech; medical; backdoor; pypi; deepseek; dns; cyber range

SANS ISC Stormcast Jan 31st 2025: Old Netgear Vuln in Depth; Lightning AI RCE; Canon Printer RCE; Deepseek Leak; PCAPs or It Didn't Happen: Exposing an Old Netgear Vulnerability Still Active in 2025 [Guest Diary] https://isc.sans.edu/diary/PCAPs%20or%20It%20Didn%27t%20Happen%3A%20Exposing%20an%20Old%20Netgear%20Vulnerability%20Still%20Active%20in%202025%20%5BGuest%20Diary%5D/31638 RCE Vulnerablity in AI Development Platform Lightning AI Noma Security discovered a neat remote code execution vulnerability in Lightning AI. This vulnerability is exploitable by tricking a logged in user into clicking a simple link. https://noma.security/noma-research-discovers-rce-vulnerability-in-ai-development-platform-lightning-ai/ Canon Laser Printers and Small Office Multifunctional Printer Vulnerabilities Canon fixed three different vulnerablities affecting various laser and small office multifunctional printers. These vulnerabilities may lead to remote code execution, and there are some interesting exploit opportunities https://www.usa.canon.com/support/canon-product-advisories/service-notice-regarding-vulnerability-measure-against-buffer-overflow-for-laser-printers-and-small-office-multifunctional-printers Deepseek ClickHouse Database Leak https://www.wiz.io/blog/wiz-research-uncovers-exposed-deepseek-database-leak keywords: deepseek; clickhouse; canon; ai; lightning; netgear

SANS ISC Stormcast, Jan 30th 2025: Python vs. Powershell; Fortinet Exploits and Patch Policy; Voyager PHP Framework Vuln; Zyxel Targeted; VMWare AVI Patch From PowerShell to a Python Obfuscation Race! This information stealer not only emulates a PDF document convincingly, but also includes its own Python environment for Windows https://isc.sans.edu/diary/From%20PowerShell%20to%20a%20Python%20Obfuscation%20Race!/31634 Alleged Active Exploit Sale of CVE-2024-55591 on Fortinet Devices An exploit for this week's Fortinet vulnerability is for sale on russian forums. Fortinet also requires patching of devices without cloud license within seven days of patch release https://x.com/MonThreat/status/1884577840185643345 https://community.fortinet.com/t5/Support-Forum/Firmware-upgrade-policy/td-p/373376 The Tainted Voyage: Uncovering Voyager's Vulnerabilities Sonarcube identified vulnerabilities in the popular PHP package Voyager. One of them allows arbitrary file uploads. https://www.sonarsource.com/blog/the-tainted-voyage-uncovering-voyagers-vulnerabilities/ Hackers exploit critical unpatched flaw in Zyxel CPE devices A currently unpatches vulnerablity in Zyxel devices is actively exploited. https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/hackers-exploit-critical-unpatched-flaw-in-zyxel-cpe-devices/ VMSA-2025-0002: VMware Avi Load Balancer addresses an unauthenticated blind SQL Injection vulnerability (CVE-2025-22217) VMWare released a patch for the AVI Load Balancer addressing an unauthenticated blink SQL injection vulnerability. https://support.broadcom.com/web/ecx/support-content-notification/-/external/content/SecurityAdvisories/0/25346 keywords: vmware; avi load balancer; sql injection; voyager; laravel; php; zyxel; fortinet; python; powershell; garmin

SANS ISC Stormcast, Jan 29th 2025: Python Crypto Stealer; SimpleHelp Exploited; Apple Silicon Vuln; Teamviewer Vuln; Odd QR Code Learn about fileless crypto stealers written in Python, the ongoing exploitation of recent SimpleHelp vulnerablities, new Apple Silicon Sidechannel attacks a Team Viewer Vulnerablity and an odd QR Code Fileless Python InfoStealer Targeting Exodus This Python script targets Exodus crypto wallet and password managers to steal crypto currencies. It does not save exfiltrated data in files, but keeps it in memory for exfiltration https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Fileless%20Python%20InfoStealer%20Targeting%20Exodus/31630 Campaign Exploiting SimpleHelp Vulnerablity Arcticwolf observed attacks exploiting SimpleHelp for initial access to networks. It has not been verified, but is assumed that vulnerabilities made public about a week ago are being exploited. https://arcticwolf.com/resources/blog-uk/arctic-wolf-observes-campaign-exploiting-simplehelp-rmm-software-initial-access/ Two new Side Channel Vulnerabilities in Apple Silicon SLAP (Data Speculation Attacks via Load Address Prediction): This attack exploits the Load Address Predictor in Apple CPUs starting with the M2/A15, allowing unauthorized access to sensitive data by mispredicting memory addresses. FLOP (Breaking the Apple M3 CPU via False Load Output Predictions): This attack targets the Load Value Predictor in Apple's M3/A17 CPUs, enabling attackers to execute arbitrary computations on incorrect data, potentially leaking sensitive information. https://predictors.fail/ Teamviewer Security Bulletin Teamviewer patched a privilege escalation vulnerability CVE-2025-0065 https://www.teamviewer.com/en-us/resources/trust-center/security-bulletins/tv-2025-1001/ Odd QR Code A QR code may resolve to a different URL if looked at at an angle. https://mstdn.social/@isziaui/113874436953157913 Limited Discount for SANS Baltimore https://sans.org/u/1zQd keywords: qr code; teamviewer; apple silicon; sidechannel; python; exodus;

SANS ISC Stormcast, Jan 28th 2025: Z-Shy Phishing; Apple Patches 0-Day; Fortinet Exploit Details; Github and Apache Solr Patches This episode shows how attackers are bypassing phishing filter by abusing the "shy" softhyphen HTML entitiy. We got an update from Apple fixing a 0-day vulnerability in addition to a number of other issues. watchTowr show how to exploit an interesting FortiOS vulnerability and we have patches for Github Desktop and Apache Solr An unusal shy z-wasp phish https://isc.sans.edu/diary/An%20unusual%20%22shy%20z-wasp%22%20phishing/31626 How the soft hyphen "shy" HTML entity can be abused to bypass e-mail filters Apple Patches https://support.apple.com/en-us/100100 Apple released patches for all of its operating systems, fixing a 0-day vulnerability among many others issues Get Fortirekt I am the Super_admin now https://labs.watchtowr.com/get-fortirekt-i-am-the-super_admin-now-fortios-authentication-bypass-cve-2024-55591/ Details about a recent FortiOS Vulnerability GitHub Desktop Vulnerability https://thehackernews.com/2025/01/github-desktop-vulnerability-risks.html Apache Solr Vulnerability https://solr.apache.org/security.html#cve-2024-52012-apache-solr-configset-upload-on-windows-allows-arbitrary-path-write-access keywords: solr; github; desktop; fortinet; fortios; apple; shy; html; z-wasp

SANS ISC Stormcast, Jan 27, 2025: Access Brokers; Llama Stack Vuln; ESXi SSH Tunnels; Zyxel Boot Loops; Subary StarLeak Guest Diary: How Access Brokers Maintain Persistence Explore how cybercriminals utilize access brokers to persist within networks and the impact this has on organizational security. https://isc.sans.edu/forums/diary/Guest+Diary+How+Access+Brokers+Maintain+Persistence/31600/ Critical Vulnerability in Meta's Llama Stack (CVE-2024-50050) A deep dive into CVE-2024-50050, a critical vulnerability affecting Meta's Llama Stack, with exploitation details and mitigation strategies. https://www.oligo.security/blog/cve-2024-50050-critical-vulnerability-in-meta-llama-llama-stack ESXi Ransomware and SSH Tunneling Defense Strategies Learn how to fortify your infrastructure against ransomware targeting ESXi environments, focusing on SSH tunneling and proactive measures. https://www.sygnia.co/blog/esxi-ransomware-ssh-tunneling-defense-strategies/ Zyxel USG FLEX/ATP Series Application Signature Recovery Steps Addressing issues with Zyxel's USG FLEX/ATP Series application signatures as of January 24, 2025, with a detailed recovery guide. https://support.zyxel.eu/hc/en-us/articles/24159250192658-USG-FLEX-ATP-Series-Recovery-Steps-for-Application-Signature-Issue-on-January-24th-2025 Subaru Starlink Vulnerability Exposed Cars to Remote Hacking Discussing how a vulnerability in Subaru's Starlink system left vehicles susceptible to remote exploitation and the steps taken to resolve it. https://www.securityweek.com/subaru-starlink-vulnerability-exposed-cars-to-remote-hacking/ keywords: subaru; starlink; zyxel; usg flex; atp; esci; meta; llama; access broker

SANS ISC Stormcast, Jan 24, 2025: XSS in Email, SonicWall Exploited; Cisco Vulnerablities; AI and SOAR (@sans_edu research paper by Anthony Russo) In today's episode, learn how an attacker attempted to exploit webmail XSS vulnerablities against us. Sonicwall released a critical patch fixing an already exploited vulnerability in its SMA 1000 appliance. Cisco fixed vulnerabilities in ClamAV and its Meeting Manager REST API. Learn from SANS.edu student Anthony Russo how to take advantage of AI for SOAR. XSS Attempts via E-Mail https://isc.sans.edu/diary/XSS%20Attempts%20via%20E-Mail/31620 An analysis of a recent surge in email-based XSS attack attempts targeting users and organizations. Learn the implications and mitigation techniques. SonicWall PSIRT Advisory: CVE-2025-23006 https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2025-0002 CVE-2025-23006 Details of a critical vulnerability in SonicWall appliances (SNWLID-2025-0002) and what you need to do to secure your systems. Cisco ClamAV Advisory: OLE2 Parsing Vulnerability https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-clamav-ole2-H549rphA A DoS vulnerability in the popular open source anti virus engine ClamAV Cisco CMM Privilege Escalation Vulnerability https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-cmm-privesc-uy2Vf8pc A patch of a privilege escalation flaw in Cisco's CMM module. keywords: cisco; cmm; clamav; ole2; sonicwall; sma 1000; xss; email; webmail

SANS ISC Stormcast, Jan 23, 2025: PFSync Protocol; Oracle CPU; Korean VPN Supply Chain Attack; Ivanti Guidance In today's episode, we start by talking about the PFSYNC protocol used to synchronize firewall states to support failover. Oracle released it's quarterly critical patch update. ESET is reporting about a critical VPN supply chain attack and CISA released guidance for victims of recent Ivanti related attacks. Catching CARP: Fishing for Firewall States in PFSync Traffic https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Catching%20CARP%3A%20Fishing%20for%20Firewall%20Stat%20es%20in%20PFSync%20Traffic/31616)** Discover how attackers exploit PFSync traffic to manipulate firewall states. This deep dive explores vulnerabilities and mitigation strategies in network defense. Oracle Critical Patch Update – January 2025 https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2025.html)** Oracle's January 2025 patch release addresses numerous critical vulnerabilities across their product suite. Learn about key updates and how to secure your systems. PlushDaemon: Compromising the Supply Chain of a Korean VPN Service https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/eset-research/plushdaemon-compromises-supply-chain-korean-vpn-service/ ESET Research uncovers PlushDaemon, a sophisticated supply chain attack targeting a Korean VPN provider. Understand the implications for supply chain security. CISA Cybersecurity Advisory: AA25-022A https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/cybersecurity-advisories/aa25-022a The latest advisory highlights active threats and mitigation strategies for critical infrastructure. Stay ahead with CISA's guidance on emerging cyber risks. keywords: cisa; ivanti; vpn; korea; oracle; carp; pfsync

SANS ISC Stormcast, Jan 22, 2025: Geolocation via Starlink and Cloudflare; AI Prompt Risks; Homebrew Phishing This episodes covers how Starlink users can be geolocated and how Cloudflare may help deanonymize users. The increased use of AI helpers leads to leaking data via careless prompts. Geolocation and Starlink https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Geolocation%20and%20Starlink/31612 Discover the potential geolocation risks associated with Starlink and how they might be exploited. This diary entry dives into new concerns for satellite internet users. Deanonymizing Users via Cloudflare https://gist.github.com/hackermondev/45a3cdfa52246f1d1201c1e8cdef6117 Deanonymizing users by identifying which cloudflare server cashed particular content Sage's AI Assistant and Customer Data Concerns https://www.theregister.com/2025/01/20/sage_copilot_data_issue/ Examine how a Sage AI tool inadvertently exposed sensitive customer data, raising questions about AI governance and trust in business applications. The Threat of Sensitive Data in Generative AI Prompts https://www.darkreading.com/threat-intelligence/employees-sensitive-data-genai-prompts Analyze how employees' careless prompts to generative AI tools can lead to sensitive data breaches and the importance of awareness training. Homebrew Phishing https://x.com/ryanchenkie/status/1880730173634699393 keywords: phishing; homebrew; ai; prompts; leakage; gelocation; starlink; cloudflare

SANS ISC Stormcast, Jan 21, 2025: Downloading Partial ZIP files; Remote Tools Used in Attakcs; Azure DevOps SSRF In this episode, we talk about downloading and analyzing partial ZIP files, how legitimate remote access tools are used in recent compromises and how a research found an SSRF vulnerability in Azure DevOps Partial ZIP File Downloads A closer look at how attackers are leveraging partial ZIP file downloads to bypass file verification systems and plant malicious content. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Partial%20ZIP%20File%20Downloads/31608 Ukrainian CERT Advisory on AnyDesk Threat The Ukrainian CERT provides detailed guidance on identifying and mitigating recent cyber threats exploiting AnyDesk for unauthorized access. https://cert.gov.ua/article/6282069 Finding SSRFs in Azure DevOps An in-depth analysis of how server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerabilities are discovered and exploited in Azure DevOps pipelines. https://binarysecurity.no/posts/2025/01/finding-ssrfs-in-devops keywords: devops; azure; ssrf; ukraine; cert; anydesk; zip

SANS ISC Stormcast, Jan 20, 2025: Honeypots for Offense; SimpleHelp and UEFI Secure Boot Vulnerabilities In this episode, we cover how to use honeypot data to keep your offensive infrastructure alive longer, three critical vulnerabilities in SimpleHelp that must be patched now, and an interesting vulnerability affecting many systems allowing UEFI Secure Boot bypass. Leveraging Honeypot Data for Offensive Security Operations [Guest Diary] A recent guest diary on the SANS Internet Storm Center discusses how offensive security professionals can utilize honeypot data to enhance their operations. The diary highlights the detection of scans from multiple IP addresses, emphasizing the importance of monitoring non-standard user-agent strings in web requests. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Leveraging%20Honeypot%20Data%20for%20Offensive%20Security%20Operations%20%5BGuest%20Diary%5D/31596 Security Vulnerabilities in SimpleHelp 5.5.7 and Earlier SimpleHelp has released version 5.5.8 to address critical security vulnerabilities present in versions 5.5.7 and earlier. Users are strongly advised to upgrade to the latest version to prevent potential exploits. Detailed information and upgrade instructions are available on SimpleHelp's official website. https://simple-help.com/kb---security-vulnerabilities-01-2025#send-us-your-questions Under the Cloak of UEFI Secure Boot: Introducing CVE-2024-7344 ESET researchers have identified a new vulnerability, CVE-2024-7344, that allows attackers to bypass UEFI Secure Boot on most UEFI-based systems. This flaw enables the execution of untrusted code during system boot, potentially leading to the deployment of malicious UEFI bootkits. Affected users should apply available patches to mitigate this risk. https://www.welivesecurity.com/en/eset-research/under-cloak-uefi-secure-boot-introducing-cve-2024-7344/ keywords: uefi; simplehelp; honeypots

SANS ISC Stormcast, Jan 17, 2025: Analyzing Complex Datasets, Citrix Update Issues, Ivanti's Security Advisory, and the Future of Passkeys (@sans_edu) In this episode, we explore the efficient storage of honeypot logs in databases, issues with Citrix's Session Recording Agent and Windows Update. Ivanti is having another interesting security event and our SANS.edu graduate student Rich Green talks about his research on Passkeys. Extracting Practical Observations from Impractical Datasets: A SANS Internet Storm Center diary entry discusses strategies for analyzing complex datasets to derive actionable insights. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Extracting%20Practical%20Observations%20from%20Impractical%20Datasets/31582 Citrix Session Recording Agent Update Issue: Citrix reports that Microsoft's January security update fails or reverts on machines with the 2411 Session Recording Agent installed, providing guidance on addressing this issue. https://support.citrix.com/s/article/CTX692505-microsofts-january-security-update-failsreverts-on-a-machine-with-2411-session-recording-agent?language=en_US Ivanti Endpoint Manager Security Advisory: Ivanti releases a security advisory for Endpoint Manager versions 2024 and 2022 SU6, detailing vulnerabilities and recommended actions. https://forums.ivanti.com/s/article/Security-Advisory-EPM-January-2025-for-EPM-2024-and-EPM-2022-SU6?language=en_US Revolutionizing Enterprise Security: The Exciting Future of Passkeys Beyond Passwords: A SANS.edu research paper explores the shift from traditional passwords to passkeys, highlighting the benefits and challenges of adopting passwordless authentication methods. https://www.sans.edu/cyber-research/revolutionizing-enterprise-security-exciting-future-passkeys-beyond-passwords/ keywords: passkeys; citrix; ivanti; honeypot

SANS ISC Stormcast, Jan 16, 2025: Critical Vulnerabilities and Cybersecurity Updates You Need to Know Today's episode covers an odd 12 year old Netgear vulnerability that only received a proper CVE number last year. Learn about how to properly identify OpenID connect users and avoid domain name resue. Good old rsync turns out to be in need of patching and Fortinet: Not sure if it needs patching. Probably it does. Go ahead and patch it. The Curious Case of a 12-Year-Old Netgear Router Vulnerability Outdated Netgear routers remain a security risk, with attackers actively exploiting a 2013 vulnerability to deploy crypto miners. Learn how to protect your network by updating or replacing legacy hardware. URL: https://isc.sans.edu/diary/The%20Curious%20Case%20of%20a%2012-Year-Old%20Netgear%20Router%20Vulnerability/31592 Millions at Risk Due to Google's OAuth Flaw A flaw in Google's OAuth implementation enables attackers to exploit defunct domain accounts, exposing sensitive data. Tips on implementing MFA and domain monitoring to reduce risks. URL: https://trufflesecurity.com/blog/millions-at-risk-due-to-google-s-oauth-flaw Rsync 3.4.0 Security Release The latest rsync update fixes critical vulnerabilities, including buffer overflows and symbolic link issues. Upgrade immediately to protect your file synchronization processes. URL: https://download.samba.org/pub/rsync/NEWS#3.4.0 Fortinet PSIRT Advisories: Stay Secure Fortinet's latest advisories address vulnerabilities in FortiOS, FortiProxy, and more. Review and apply patches promptly to secure your perimeter defenses. URL: https://www.fortiguard.com/psirt keywords: fortinet; rsync; google; oauth; openid connect; netgear;

SANS ISC Stormcast, Jan 14 2025: Microsoft Patch Tuesday, FortiOS and FortiProxy Patches; Paessler PRTG Patches Today, Microsoft Patch Tuesday headlines our news with Microsoft patching 209 vulnerabilities, some of which have already been exploited. Fortinet suspects a so far unpatched Node.js authentication bypass to be behind some recent exploits of FortiOS and FortiProxy devices. Microsoft January 2025 Patch Tuesday This month's Microsoft patch update addresses a total of 209 vulnerabilities, including 12 classified as critical. Among these, 3 vulnerabilities have been actively exploited in the wild, and 5 have been disclosed prior to the patch release, marking them as zero-days. https://isc.sans.edu/diary/rss/31590 Fortinet Security Advisory FG-IR-24-535 CVE-2024-55591 An Authentication Bypass Using an Alternate Path or Channel vulnerability [CWE-288] affecting FortiOS and FortiProxy may allow a remote attacker to gain super-admin privileges via crafted requests to Node.js websocket module. https://fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-24-535 PRTG Network Monitor Update: Update for an already exploited XSS vulnerability in Paesler PRTG Network Monitor CVE-2024-12833 https://www.paessler.com/prtg/history/stable keywords: prtg; fortinet; network monitor; paessler; access; microsoft; patches

SANS ISC Stormcast, Jan 14, 2025: Brute-Forcing Hikvision Devices, macOS SIP Bypass, Linux Rootkits, Aviatrix Exploits, and AWS Ransomware Tactics Episode Summary: This episode covers brute-force attacks on the password reset functionality of Hikvision devices, a macOS SIP bypass vulnerability, Linux rootkit malware, and a novel ransomware campaign targeting AWS S3 buckets. Topics Covered: Hikvision Password Reset Brute Forcing URL: https://isc.sans.edu/diary/Hikvision%20Password%20Reset%20Brute%20Forcing/31586 Hikvision devices are being targeted using old brute-force attacks exploiting predictable password reset codes. Analyzing CVE-2024-44243: A macOS System Integrity Protection Bypass URL: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2025/01/13/analyzing-cve-2024-44243-a-macos-system-integrity-protection-bypass-through-kernel-extensions/ Microsoft details a macOS vulnerability allowing attackers to bypass SIP using kernel extensions. Rootkit Malware Controls Linux Systems Remotely URL: https://cybersecuritynews.com/rootkit-malware-controls-linux-systems-remotely/ A sophisticated rootkit targeting Linux systems uses zero-day vulnerabilities for remote control. Abusing AWS Native Services: Ransomware Encrypting S3 Buckets with SSE-C URL: https://www.halcyon.ai/blog/abusing-aws-native-services-ransomware-encrypting-s3-buckets-with-sse-c Attackers are using AWS's SSE-C encryption to lock S3 buckets during ransomware campaigns. We cover how the attack works and how to protect your AWS environment. keywords: aws; sse-c; rootkit; malware; linux; macos; sip; hikvision; password reset