
On the Mark Golf Podcast
830 episodes — Page 13 of 17
S3 Ep 236Paul Tesori (Caddie to Webb Simpson) with Lessons from The PGA TOUR
Paul Tesori is a former All-American at the University of Florida, a PGA TOUR Professional, and caddie to former World #1 Vijay Singh. Paul is currently the caddie and coach to 2012 US Open champion and 2018 PLAYERS champion, Webb Simpson. He joins our podcast to share lessons from inside the ropes on the PGA TOUR. He also talks about various subjects including NCAA college golf, mindset, resilience, and the golf swing. Further, he revisits the 2018 PLAYERS and talks about course management and playing with a lead.
S3 Ep 235Stan Utley on Putting and the Short Game
Stan Utley is a former winner on the PGA TOUR and The Web.com Tour. He is now one of the leading instructors in golf (Golf Digest Top 50 Greatest Instructors in America) and he joins the "On the Mark" Podcast to share his experience and insights on the short-game and golf. Stan shares his beliefs on putting and his philosophy on short game success. He addresses, in-depth, all the fundamentals of good putting and chipping from ball position, to grip pressure, to tension, to mindset to quality ball-striking to distance control.
S3 Ep 234Michael Robinson from "Every Ball Counts" Helps You to Improve Your Golf
Michael Robinson is a PGA Class A Professional and an EBC certified instructor who works with players of all skill levels from the PGA TOUR, to college, to the club level. He joins the podcast to share the "Every Ball Counts" approach to golf improvement. He shares ideas on how you can practice, prepare, make decisions and play better. Michael also talks about practice drills and course management techniques that will help you to use your ability to perform ordinary tasks in extraordinary circumstances.
S3 Ep 233Mike Bury Brings Tips and Drills to Help You Lower Your Golf Scores
Mike Bury is a respected Australian Golf Instructor based in Texas. Ranked by Golf Digest as one of the "Best Young Golf Instructors in America 2016/2017" he uses practice drills he has developed to bring a playing element to his golf lessons. The drills emphasize Clubface and Swing Path control whilst creating a pressure-filled environment to mimic competition. Mike discusses a few of those drills in this podcast to help you to improve your skills on the golf course.
S3 Ep 232Corey Conseguera (Bridgestone Golf) on Golf Ball Fitting for Better Scores
Corey Conseguera, Head of Marketing for Bridgestone Golf, joins "On the Mark" to discuss golf ball-fitting and why it is important for you. He references their extraordinary amounts of company research and golf ball performance data that Bridgestone uses in golf ball development. He also talks about Bridgestone's golf ball testing experiences and insights with Tiger Woods, Lexi Thompson and Bryson DeChambeau.
S3 Ep 231James Hong on Junior and Kid's Golf
James Hong is has been voted one of Golf Digest's Top Instructors in New York 2014-'17. He is also a GRAA Top 50 Instructor and a US Kids Golf Master Teacher. An expert on developing kids and junior golfers, James brings his expertise to our podcast to help parents navigate the challenges of parenting and developing children correctly. He also talks to junior (and all golfers) about how to practice, prepare, maintain a healthy/constructive attitude and mind-set and compete successfully.
S3 Ep 230Understand the Inner Workings of Your Golf Swing with Michael Finney
Michael Finney is the Director of Instruction at the University of Louisville Golf Club. Mike is a New Orleans native who went on to play golf collegiately at LSU. As an instructor, he has organized several nationally recognized golf summits where he brought together the brightest minds in the golf teaching and research industry. He joins our podcast to enlighten you on, and help you understand, the mechanics, kinematics and kinetics of the golf swing
S3 Ep 229Paul Azinger on Golf and How He Played the Game
Paul Azinger is a 12-time winner on the PGA TOUR, a major champion (PGA Championship 1993), a Ryder Cup hero and a winning Ryder Cup Captain. He is now a well-respected television announcer and he joins our podcast to talk about golf. He shares his take on the game and how it should be played. He also talks about some of his notable victories and lessons learned as a player. He talks at length about the golf swing, the short game and bunker play. He also shares his advice on how to make your approach to the golf swing more simple and effective.
S3 Ep 228Justin Parsons Shares His Beliefs and Approach to Posture and the Golf Swing
bonusJustin Parsons, based at the Butch Harmon School of Golf in Dubai, is a PGA TOUR and European Tour Instructor (TPI Certified) and he works with some of the best players in the world. He joins our podcast to share his experiences and takes on how to swing the golf club, good posture and pivot technique, and the biomechanics involved in the golf swing. He references top players like Rory McIlroy to galvanize his insights as he shares golf tips to help your game.
S3 Ep 227John Graham Goes In-Depth on Putting
bonusJohn Graham is a PGA TOUR, Web.com Tour and LPGA Tour Putting Instructor. He is also an Aimpoint Certified Green-Reading Instructor. John joins the podcast (for the second time) to delve into successful putting. He talks about green-speeds and ball-speeds as it pertains to green-reading. He also addresses putter-face and sweet-spot contact, start-lines, distance-control and putting drills for success on the golf course.
S3 Ep 226Kevin Kirk on Best Practice and Preparation Habits incl. Patrick Reed's Masters Preparation
Kevin Kirk has traveled the globe in search of the "World's Best Practice." Kirk is a PGA Master Professional, a 4-time recipient of the STPGA Harvey Penick Award, and an expert in golf athlete development and high performance training both domestically and globally. Kevin is also the coach to The 2018 Masters Champion, Patrick Reed, and he joins our podcast to share his insights on practice, preparation, tempo and timing and Reed's approach to the 2018 Masters.
S3 Ep 225Mark Immelman with Lessons from the 2018 Masters
The 2018 Masters Tournament was one for the ages as all of golf's leading men vied for the Green Jacket. Our Mark Immelman revisits the memorable event and shares his take and insights on lessons you can learn from Patrick Reed and some other competitors. Mark also addresses elements like Productive Practice Habits, the Use of Training Aids, Competition and Playing Well, Course Management and Playing off Uneven Lies.
S3 Ep 224Dave Stockton Jr on How to Putt Better
Dave Stockton Jr is a former PGA TOUR professional and 2-time Web.com Tour winner. He is also the son of 2-time PGA Champion and victorious Ryder Cup Captain, Dave Stockton. "Junior" joins our podcast to share the family wisdom and teach you how to putt well under pressure. He shares insights on holing out consistently, good lag putting and distance control, effective posture, ball-position, grip and grip pressure. He also talks at length about a winning mindset for putting well under pressure.
S3 Ep 223Jeff Coston on the Golf Swing and How to Play Better and Make Lower Scores
Jeff Coston is a former PGA TOUR and PGA TOUR Champions Professional and now a leading golf instructor. He brings his easy approach to golf instruction to "On the Mark" to help you improve your golf swing, and more importantly, take it to the course and shoot lower golf scores. Jeff talks about the nature of a consistent and effective swing. He also addresses course management and approaches you can take to improve your golf scores.
S2 Ep 222Mark Immelman Shares Golf Tips from the 2018 Arnold Palmer Invitational presented by Mastercard
On the Mark podcast host, Mark Immelman, was a part of the PGA TOUR Radio crew broadcasting the 2018 Arnold Palmer Invitational at Bay Hill Club and Lodge in Orlando, Florida. He announced the play of Justin Rose, Rickie Fowler and tournament winner Rory McIlroy among others and Mark shares audio from chats with them and insights that you can glean to help you shoot better golf scores. Tiger Woods audio and insight is also included in this podcast.
S3 Ep 221James Ridyard with Insights on The Short Game and Wedge Play
James Ridyard is a leading golf instructor, researcher and co-owner of the Short Game Secrets brand, which brings some of the highest-selling independently produced golf instructional videos to the industry. He coaches golfers of all skill levels and brings his insights to our podcast to help you improve your ball-striking, skills and distance control on scoring shots around the greens. Among many subjects, John addresses elements like Angle of Attack, Bounce, Spin and how you can improve and control et al.
S3 Ep 220Nick Bradley on Golf Instruction and Effective Golf Lesson-Taking
Nick Bradley is a leading golf instructor, consultant and best-selling author. He has taught a number of PGA TOUR and European Tour professionals including Justin Rose and Kevin Chappell. Nick talks about what you, as a golf lesson-taker, should expect from your golf lesson and how you can manage it to ensure better results. He galvanizes his point using present-day examples like Tiger Woods (who is not using a golf instructor at present) and Rory McIlroy.
S3 Ep 219Jonathan Yarwood Talks About Skill Acquisition based Approaches for Success
Jonathan Yarwood is a British PGA Master Professional. Vastly experienced, he has coached a US Open champion, 2 US Amateur Champions, 2 US Girls Championship Winners, 3 AJGA Players of the Year, a Collegiate #1 ranked player, and many professionals on the worldwide Professional Tours. In this podcast he talks at length about how to develop golfers completely by adopting a Skill Acquisition based approach as opposed to an Outcome based approach. If you are not a junior golfer, do not worry, this podcast included golf tips for you too.
S3 Ep 218Nick Dougherty on Golf and Tee-Time Tips to Help Your Game
Nick Dougherty is a former "Sir Henry Cotton Rookie of the Year" and a 3-time winner on The European Tour. Now a broadcaster on Sky Sports Golf he brings his professional insights and experiences to help you understand how to approach improvement at golf no matter your skill level. Nick references Tiger Woods, Lee Westwood, Rory McIlroy, Jordan Spieth and his own playing experiences to highlight points and beliefs. He also shares some of his "Tee-Time Tips" to help you to shoot lower golf scores.
S3 Ep 217John Dunigan on How to Build Your Golf Swing for Success
John Dunigan is a PGA Master Professional, a Golf Digest Top 50 Teacher, a Golf Magazine Top 100 Instructor, and a PGA TOUR Instructor. He joins our podcast to talk about golf and building a reliable golf swing. He also addresses subjects like swinging the clubhead, the skill of developing a reliable swing arc, effective use of the legs and the feet in the swing and how he helped PGA TOUR pro, Sean O'Hair "find" his golf swing.
S3 Ep 216Markus Westerberg on "The Golfer's Sixth Sense"
Markus Westerberg is a former European Tour Golf Professional who has turned to teaching and coaching golf. He brings his vast experience from playing at a high level to his instructional approach and he adopts a very holistic approach to improvement. Markus delves into his "PsychoMotor Connection" and how it influences a golfer. He also talks about his Fundamental Paradox, Emotional Intelligence and Nervousness as he helps you understand the "Human Element" involved in playing good golf.
S3 Ep 215Shawn Koch Shares his 5 Elements of Performance Golf
Shawn Koch is a lifelong student of the game. Learning under the instruction of his father, a life member of the PGA, Shawn developed a deep understanding and respect for all aspects of the game. He parlayed that into a successful playing career and now a teaching career. Shawn Koch works with players at the highest level (Web.com Tour and PGA TOUR) and he joins our podcast to embellish on his "5 Elements of Performance Golf" to help you to play better and shoot better golf scores.
S3 Ep 214Kevin Na Takes You to Short Game and Scrambling School
Kevin Na has been a professional golfer for over 17 years. He has played successfully on the Asian Tour, The European Tour and The PGA TOUR and he shares experiences he has learned through his global career. Kevin talks at length about he how plays the game and how he finds a way to compete with The PGA TOUR's best. He shares many insights on The Short Game, Scrambling and Putting and he talks candidly about how he won his battle with the Golf Swing Yips.
S3 Ep 213Ian Peek Helps You to Develop Your "Tour Player Architecture" for Improved Performance
Ian Peek is Golf Instructor to professionals and amateurs, a Performance and Transition Coach, a MSc. Sports Coaching graduate and a PhD researcher. In this podcast he explores and shares his insights on the Bio-Psycho-Social Model of the athlete and golfer. Using examples like Jordan Spieth, Rory McIlroy and Tiger Woods (and their coaches) he delves into his research and breaks down each element of this model and its influence on the performance of the golfer. Ian also shares ideas and thoughts on how you can develop your "Tour Player Architecture" to improve your golf and your performance
S3 Ep 212Dr. Mo Pickens on "Learning to Win" and "Playing One Shot at a Time"
Dr. Morris Pickens, "Dr. Mo" is a sports psychologist specializing in competitive performance enhancement. His students (incl. Zach Johnson) have over 25 PGA TOUR victories (incl. 3 Major Championships), over 200 Amateur wins and 1 NCAA Championship. He joins our podcast to help you learn how to win at golf and life. He also shares anecdotes to learn from his PGA TOUR clients and he delves into the subject of "Playing One Shot at a Time".
S3 Ep 211Wesley Bryan on Golf, Short Game Skills and How He Plays the Game
Wesley Bryan is a winner on the PGA TOUR (RBC Heritage) and Web.com Tour, as well as a prolific trick-shot artist. He joins "On the Mark" to talk about how he learned to play golf, and his career progression through high school, NCAA College Golf and the Mini Tours en route to the PGA TOUR. He shares insights on lessons he has learned through his career and what he does to continually manage and improve his golf. He also shares tips on how to be successful on around the greens (chipping and putting), and of course he talks about "The Bryan Bros" and their trick-shot skills.
S3 Ep 210Jason Sutton Addresses "Hand-Path" and "Sweet Spot" Control for Better Ball-Striking
Jason Sutton is a Golf Magazine Top 100 Golf Instructor and the 2017 Golf Digest #1 ranked Golf Teacher in North Carolina. He joins "On the Mark" to discuss how "Hand-Path" affects golf club "Swing Path" and "Sweet Spot" control. Jason delves into his thoughts on how "Hand-Path" controls the shape of the golf swing, the line of Force Direction, and how it affects the C.O.M. of the golf club. He also contrasts the differences between teaching the golf swing Transition (between the backswing and downswing) to the average golfer vs. the Tour player.
S3 Ep 209Elliot Mellow (Bridgestone Golf) Helps You to Find the Correct Golf Ball for Your Game
Elliot Mellow is the Marketing Manager (Golf Balls) for Bridgestone Golf. He joins the On the Mark Podcast to discuss Bridgestone Golf Equipment and to help you understand what clubs/equipment might benefit your game. He also discusses the Bridgestone Golf Ball lines and their performance in terms of distance and spin. Elliot talks in-depth about golf-ball fitting to ensure you have the correct golf ball for your swing, and he advises how you can get properly fitted. He also shares anecdotes from Bridgestone Golf's work with Tiger Woods with regard to golf-ball fitting.
S3 Ep 208Dan Carraher Helps You Improve Your Short-Game Skills
Dan Carraher teaches golfers of all skill levels and is also a respected instructor on the PGA TOUR, European Tour and Web.com Tour. He brings his thoughtful approach to instruction and research to "On the Mark" to help you improve on and around the greens. Dan deals with everything from putting to chipping to pitching to bunker play. He also addresses green-reading, all in an effort to help you to shoot lower golf scores.
S3 Ep 207Grant Waite on Understanding Ball-Flight and Your Own Golf Swing
Grant Waite (New Zealand) is a PGA TOUR winner and now a leading mind in the the field of golf instruction. Waite brings his PGA TOUR experience to golf instruction and shares his wisdom and approach to understanding yourself, your golf swing tendencies, the golf-ball flight and Launch Monitor data to make minor adjustments in order to improve your ball-striking and consistency.
S3 Ep 206Peter Arnott Examines The Science of Learning and How to Improve Your Golf Scores
Peter Arnott (Scotland) has coached golfers of all levels from complete beginners to European Tour Professionals. He also advises and mentors coaches all over the world on effective practice and technique changes. He joins us to talk about the "Science of Learning" and how you can prepare and practice with a view to playing better and lowering your golf score.
S3 Ep 205Brendan Steele Discusses his Path to the PGA TOUR and How He Plays the Game
Brendan Steele is a 3-time winner on the PGA TOUR and a leading talent in the game. Throughout his career he is stuck to his style of play and has parlayed that into much success. He shares how he managed to do so and he advises how you can remain true to yourself and play your game. Brendan also embellishes on how to develop a wide arsenal of shots and shot trajectories, and he shares how he navigated a change in putting styles from "Anchored" to "Conventional" with success.
S3 Ep 204Rob Bolton (PGATOUR.com) Talks Fantasy Golf
Rob Bolton is an expert in the field of Fantasy Sports and Fantasy Gaming. Among other duties he is the Fantasy Expert for PGATOUR.com. He joins "On the Mark" to discuss Fantasy Golf and the appropriate strategies involved for success in any league. He also talks about players and events on The PGA TOUR calendar and he makes recommendations for the 2018 season.
S3 Ep 203Zach Johnson on How He Plays Golf and What You can Learn from His Approach
Zach Johnson is a 12-time winner on the PGA TOUR. He is also a 2-time Major Champion with wins at The 2007 Masters and The 2015 Open Championship at St. Andrews. He joins "On the Mark" to discuss his wins, his approach to his technique and how he plays the game. He also shares the lessons he has learned throughout his career and in so doing advises you on how to score better and get the most out of your golf.
S2 Ep 202Teryn Schaefer Joins Mark Immelman to Review the 2016/'17 PGA TOUR Season
Teryn Schaefer is the on-camera host for a number of PGA TOUR shows including "The Takeaway" and "Trending on TOUR". She also covers the majority of the PGA TOUR events as a reporter and insider and she joins our podcast to recap and share her experiences and thoughts on the 2016/'17 season.
S2 Ep 201Golf Tips from On The Mark's Top Ten Podcasts in 2017
'On the Mark' assembled and ranked our 'Top Ten Podcasts in 2017' (by download totals). We selected a helpful golf tip, from each podcast, that is guaranteed to help you to better insight and understanding so that you can be equipped to play better golf. The tips included come from: Joe Mayo, Steve Stricker, Scott Fawcett, Dr. Bob Rotella, Dr. Kapil Gupta, Pete Cowan, Jeff Leishman, Brandel Chamblee, Dr. Rob Bell and Hunter Brown. Tips include everything from Developing and Improving Mental Acumen and Course Management to discussions about Straightening Shot Curvature, maximizing Angle of Attack and worthwhile Practice Habits.
S2 Ep 200Sergio Garcia on Golf and How He Plays the Game
Sergio Garcia is one of the great golfers in the world's game. Winner of more than 32 events worldwide, including The 2008 PLAYERS and the 2017 Masters, Garcia has always played his game and 'swung his swing'. He joins our 200th podcast to talk about his approach to the game, some of his Major Championship 'close-calls' (including the 1999 PGA Championship and the 2007 Open Championship), his thoughts on the mental and emotional approach to competitive golf and how he improved his putting. Sergio also address his victory in the 2017 Masters and shares tips for quality ball-striking and how to make pressure putts.
S2 Ep 199Tony Finau on Golf, Athleticism and Driving for Power and Accuracy
Tony Finau is a rising star on The PGA TOUR. Known for his prodigious power off the tee, he also plays with game with deft touch and feel and he shares how he plays golf and the lessons you can learn from him. Tony talks about how he learned the game, how to play with athleticism, and how he approaches his craft and play from tee through green.
S2 Ep 198Mike Carroll (TPI Cert) Discusses His 'Five Pillars of Golf Fitness' for Better Golf
Mike Carroll is a TPI Certified Trainer and Golf Fitness Professional. He is also a Strength and Conditioning expert degreed in Sports and Exercise Science. Mike joins 'On the Mark' to discuss his 'Five Pillars of Better Golf Fitness' for Better Golf. He also addresses issues like lower back pain and injury, and the value of proper athletic posture and how it can benefit the golf swing and the golfer's ability to shallow the shaft on the downswing.
S2 Ep 197Robert Rock with Lessons from Inside the Ropes on The European Tour
Robert Rock is better known as a 2-time winner on The European Tour, but he is also a top-flight golf instructor and heads up the Robert Rock Academy. He joins 'On the Mark' to share his experiences from playing, and winning, at the highest of levels. He also talks golf instruction and shares his impressions of the golf swing, putting, and playing under pressure. Robert reminisces about playing with, and beating Tiger Woods, in the final round of The 2012 HSBC Abu Dhabi Golf Championship.
S2 Ep 196Jon Sinclair Discusses the Brain and Body Relationship in Golf
Jon Sinclair is one of only three Master GolfPsych Instructors in the world. He played professionally for 7 years and has been teaching golf for 15 years plus. He is an expert in the area of 3D Swing Analysis, Swing Mechanics, the Mental Game and Trackman. In this podcast he talks in-depth about various personality traits for learning. He also delves into the mind-body relationship as it pertains to playing golf. He packages that all together to help you to understand an effective mental approach to playing better golf.
S2 Ep 195Robbie Failes Shares an Approach to Becoming a Mastermind of Your Golf Skills
Robbie Failes is an up-and-coming young golf instructor who has learned from some of the best in the game like Jason Sutton. He joins the podcast to share a step-by-step approach to becoming the mastermind of your own golf skills. Robbie speaks at length about (Swing Arc) Low Point Control and (Club) Face Control. He also touches on subjects like Sweet-Spot Path Control and the D-Plane of the swing. Robbie also shares thoughts on approaches to improving each of those elements to help you to better, more consistent ball-striking.
S2 Ep 194Steve Dahlby with PGA TOUR Advice to Help Your Game
Steve Dahlby has long been one of the foremost golf instructors on the PGA TOUR. He has worked alongside some of the best minds in instruction and has parlayed that experience into his own effective and easy-to-understand approach to the game. Steve shares golf tips to help you, lessons you can learn from some of his PGA TOUR clients, and he also talks about lessons he has learned as a golf instructor on the PGA TOUR and what you can learn from those experiences.
S2 Ep 193Notah Begay with a Tiger Woods Update Prior to the 2017 Hero World Challenge
Notah Begay III is a PGA TOUR winner and a leading TV announcer and analyst. He is also a long-time friend of Tiger Woods and Notah joins our podcast to share an insider take on Tiger as he embarks on his return to competition on the PGA TOUR at the 2017 Hero World Challenge.
S2 Ep 1912017 World Long-Drive Champion Justin James Talks Power and Exercise
Justin James (2017 Volvik World Long-Drive Champion) goes in-depth on how to gain more power off the tee. He explains his approach to swinging the Driver more consistently to improve ball-striking and launch conditions in order to fly the golf ball farther. He also talks at-length about physical fitness and delves into his approach to better athletic and physical conditioning. He shares golf swing tips as well as work-out (gym) advice to help you gain more speed and power.
S2 Ep 191Anirban Lahiri Opens Up with His Thoughts on Golf and How He Plays the Game
Anirban Lahiri (India) is one of the rising stars in international professional golf. He joins the podcast to talk at length about his thoughts on how to play the game and swing the golf club efficiently and successfully. Lahiri also delves into the topic of meditation for spiritual and mental poise and acumen, and he shares personal anecdotes and to that end. Anirban also shares his experiences as a two-time member of the International President's Cup Team and he unpacks lessons he learned mentally and physically.
S2 Ep 190Hugh Marr Shares Inside-the-Ropes Insights for an Improved Approach to Golf
Hugh Marr is widely regarded as one of the world's leading golf coaches. He has guided a number of players to PGA TOUR and European Tour success and he brings his inside-the-ropes experience and insight to help you better understand golf in terms of success and failure. Hugh unpacks his holistic approach to coaching and he talks about the true nature of golf and constructive management of expectations with regard to scoring and competition. He uses European Tour stars like Thorbjorn Olesen to illustrate his points as he helps you navigate a better mental and holistic approach to the game.
S2 Ep 189Vince Prather on Proper Focus, Discipline and Keeping Golf in Perspective for Success
Vince Prather is a retired member of the US Marine Corps and a respected PGA professional. He joins our podcast to talk about his approach to golf and teaching the game. Vince addresses the mercurial nature of golf and how to keep it in proper perspective. He talks at length about the ability and mindset required to handle adversity and shares lessons he learned as a Marine Team Leader to help you adjust to the ever-changing nature of golf. Vince also recommends worthwhile practice and play and game-management habits to promote continual improvement.
S2 Ep 188Patton Kizzire on How He Plays Golf and Lessons You can Learn from his Game
Patton Kizzire was the 2015 Web.com Tour Player of the Year and he recently collected his maiden PGA TOUR victory at the 2017 OHL Classic at Mayakoba. He talks about his battle against Rickie Fowler in the final round and walks you through things you can learn from their play. Patton also talks about his technique and what you can learn from watching him play. He also shares experiences from his time on the Mini-Tours and the lessons he learned in his ascent through the professional ranks.
S2 Ep 187Bobby Clampett on Golf and "The Impact Zone" - That Moment of Truth
Bobby Clampett has been a leader in every arena of golf in which he has participated. A leading collegian, a PGA TOUR winner, a foremost Television Broadcaster and now a leading instructor, Bobby shares his experiences and observations on the golf swing and his approach to instruction. Bobby talks about his experiences with Ben Doyle and "The Golf Machine". He also delves into his approach, "The Impact Zone" and shares tips to help you improve the 'Moment of Truth" at impact. Bobby also shares anecdotes and insights he learned from Arnold Palmer, Jack Nicklaus and Bernhard Langer.