Naruhodo #387 - Somos bons (ou maus) por natureza? - Parte 1 de 2

Segundo Rousseau, “o ser humano nasce bom, a sociedade o corrompe”. Já Hobbes afirmava que, em seu estado de natureza, “o homem é o lobo do homem”. Afinal, nascemos bons? Nascemos maus? O que as ciências têm a dizer sobre isso? Confira a primeira parte (de duas) do papo entre o leigo curioso, Ken Fujioka, e o cientista PhD, Altay de Souza. > OUÇA (49min 14s) * Naruhodo! é o podcast pra quem tem fome de aprender. Ciência, senso comum, curiosidades, desafios e muito mais. Com o leigo curioso, Ken Fujioka, e o cientista PhD, Altay de Souza. Edição: Reginaldo Cursino. http://naruhodo.b9.com.br * PARCERIA: ALURA Aprofunde-se de vez: garantimos conhecimento com profundidade e diversidade, para se tornar um profissional em T - incluindo programação, front-end, data science, devops, ux & design, mobile, inovação & gestão. Navegue sua carreira: são mais de 1300 cursos e novos lançamentos toda semana, além de atualizações e melhorias constantes. Conteúdo imersivo: faça parte de uma comunidade de apaixonados por tudo que é digital. Mergulhe na comunidade Alura. Aproveite o desconto para ouvintes Naruhodo no link: https://bit.ly/naruhodo_alura * REFERÊNCIAS The Evolution of Trust: https://ncase.me/trust/ Humans are ultrasocial and emotional https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/behavioral-and-brain-sciences/article/abs/humans-are-ultrasocial-and-emotional/7E30F7AA8263D2E04B22D0B78E12885F This Is Your Brain on Nationalism: The Biology of Us and Them https://www.jstor.org/stable/26798085?casa_token=kWsWi-mn7ZAAAAAA%3AJK6eYx-EqAbNeQGBPQPsXYcR8N2Gn3Cw9g0UeEuU2DpGzFRhmL6IzVmDJB0H9a5qgw920oF8hmODno-ExjaGo7lcUVL7NV6cW6PWVd9vw162HXlH3B7b&seq=3 Media Anthropology and the Crisis of Facts https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003175605-42/media-anthropology-crisis-facts-peter-hervik Oxytocin Conditions Intergroup Relations Through Upregulated In-Group Empathy, Cooperation, Conformity, and Defense https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006322315002590?casa_token=989MiZ94QGUAAAAA:95c1LNcD-0GowlVP257SY5pi_3jybS21pDZRDuJr7dLXOIz9POsPy2lyQMb2bVudjyGWqORCii0 The Social Salience Hypothesis of Oxytocin https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006322315006393?casa_token=1m1ld1PZcp4AAAAA:bRiky8U7umAb5EXsWCPZLuF0BjdTrptvwX8NOjpunF0jlT5_kKrsvsgTIvhzKvSuiRVXMJxN_1M The emergence of human prosociality: aligning with others through feelings, concerns, and norms https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00822/full Proactive prosociality in a cooperatively breeding corvid, the azure-winged magpie (Cyanopica cyana) https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/full/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0649 Altruistic Helping in Human Infants and Young Chimpanzees https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1121448 Price's equation made clear https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rstb.2019.0361 Selection and Covariance https://www.nature.com/articles/227520a0 Bonobos voluntarily share their own food with others https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(09)02201-5?_returnURL=http%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0960982209022015%3Fshowall%3Dtrue Empathy and Pro-Social Behavior in Rats https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1210789 Prosocial Behavior Leads to Happiness in a Small-Scale Rural Society https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/features/xge-0000082.pdf Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals https://cpb-us-w2.wpmucdn.com/blog.nus.edu.sg/dist/c/1868/files/2012/12/Kant-Groundwork-ng0pby.pdf Hobbes and the Wolf-Man: Melancholy and Animality in Modern Sovereignty https://www.jstor.org/stable/23259375 The Wolf Motif in the Hobbesian Text https://brill.com/view/journals/hobs/23/2/article-p124_2.xml?ebody=Abstract%2FExcerpt#access-options2 Spontaneous giving and calculated greed https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yRZkLKL6QH0 Preverbal infants affirm third-party interventions that protect victims from aggressors https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-016-0037 Emergence of Lying in Very Young Children https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3788848/ Altruism can be explained by natural selection https://www.nature.com/articles/news.2010.427#B1 Reciprocal altruism in rats: Why does it occur? https://link.springer.com/article/10.3758/s13420-015-0201-2 Prosocial Decision Making in an Operant Box Paradigm Promotes Visual Communication and Complex Behavioral Sequences in Adolescent Rat Dyads https://www.animalbehaviorandcognition.org/uploads/journals/36/Charron%20et%20al_ABC_9(1).pdf Evolutionary dynamics within and among competing groups https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2216186120 Evolutionary stability of cooperation in indirect reciprocity under noisy and private assessment https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2300544120 Mutation enhances cooperation in direct reciprocity https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2221080120 Minha tribo sou eu - Zeca Baleiro https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CM2VPyKVJs8 Naruhodo #341 - Cooperação entre seres vivos é

Naruhodo · Altay de Souza, Ken Fujioka, Naruhodo, B9