Lions Led By Donkeys Podcast

Napoleon finally gets the battle he wants, leading to one of the bloodiest days in European history. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Follow us on twitter @lions_by Join the subreddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/LionsLedByDonkeys/

*UNLOCKED* Iron Sky ft. Francis Horton by

Napoleon's famed Grande Armee finally begins its march towards war. Almost immediately his soldiers begin starving to death and shooting themselves before they even make it to Russia. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys check out our new merch: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Follow us on twitter: @lions_by Join the subreddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/LionsLedByDonkeys/

Imaging being a North Korean conscript, thousands of miles away from home and watching your friends get gunned down by the guy from Drake and Josh. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys

On part 2 we talk about the terrible life and times of a soldier in the 1800s. 25 year conscription, disease, banditry, and good old government ran child abduction. Now shut up and die for your Emperor. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys buy some merch: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store follow us on Twitter @lions_by Join the subreddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/LionsLedByDonkeys/

Napoleon attempts to make friends, ends up making war instead. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Follow us on Twitter @lions_by Source for all related episodes: Adam Zamoyski. Moscow 1812: Napoleon's Fatal March

On this episode Joe and Rich talk about some more war animals like Sarbi, the Australian wonder dog and Unsinkable Sam, the unkillable navy cat. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/creator-home Buy some merch: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Sources: https://www.awm.gov.au/learn/memorial-boxes/2/case-studies/sarbi https://www.zmescience.com/other/feature-post/unsinkable-sam-cat-wwii/

Sources: https://nationalpost.com/tag/kevin-patrick-dawes/ https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/syria-isis-kevin-dawes

The British Free Corps was an armed formation made of up brits and dominion soldiers who volunteered to fight for the Nazis during WWII. But rather than a legion of King loving nazis, they ended up being incompetent, insane, and in one case the best military grifter of all time. support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Sources for this episode: https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/the-british-free-corps https://www.historyextra.com/period/first-world-war/the-british-soldiers-who-fought-for-germany-in-the-world-wars/ https://www.biography.com/news/edward-viii-wallis-simpson-nazi-sympathizers-hitler https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2017/06/american-nazis-in-the-1930sthe-german-american-bund/529185/

Imaging doing a favor for a friend that ended up with you spending over a year in a combat zone without a single day of training. Paul Mahar didn't have to imagine. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Sources: https://taskandpurpose.com/incredible-story-man-fought-vietnam-best-friends-place http://wolfhoundpack.org/Wolfhound-Tales/Paul-Mahar https://lmtribune.com/man-who-served-in-vietnam-in-friend-s-place-is/article_a7f5626b-4fb5-53de-a824-0ea77f5a774b.html https://people.com/archive/unknown-soldier-vol-41-no-10/

Joe is joined by Francis Horton from the Hell of a Way to Die Podcast to talk about the greatest self own in American Military history: MC02 Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Buy some Merch: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Sources: https://taskandpurpose.com/millenium-challenge-2002-stacked-deck https://warontherocks.com/2015/11/millennium-challenge-the-real-story-of-a-corrupted-military-exercise-and-its-legacy/

On the finale of the Winter War the Mannerheim Line begins to crumble and Finland is only saved due the connections of a Government Minister's booty call. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Buy some stuff: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Follow us @lions_by

One of the deadliest men who has ever walked the earth probably was too short to ride a rollercoaster. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys

Soviets launch unending frontal assaults against the Finnish Defenders. Little did the Soviets know that the Finns had a secret weapon: tens of thousands of empty booze bottles and balls of steel. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Grab a T Shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Follow us: @lions_by

Stalin launches a war from his Apartment without any planning whatsoever. Hilarity ensues. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Check out our merch: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store?page=1 follow us on twitter: @lions_by

On part one of our Winter War series we dive into the history of Finland and its long struggle for independence from a string of different oppressors. **Correction** The Commander of Finnish forces was named Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim. There was no "Von" honorific. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Merch: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Bibliography for all related episodes: Trotter, William. A Frozen Hell: The Russo-Finnish War of 1939-1940.

A game of Lacrosse leads to the dumbest massacre in Michigan state history . Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Buy some merch: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Follow us @lions_by Sources: https://mynorth.com/2010/05/deadly-lacrosse-game-in-mackinac-straits-at-fort-michilimackinac-in-1763/ https://www.mackinacparks.com/books-publications/attack-at-michilimackinac/ https://ss.sites.mtu.edu/mhugl/2015/10/11/pontiacs-rebellion-at-fort-michilimackinac/

The US dispatches some soldiers to fight Native Americans resulting in the biggest defeat in US Military history and the creation of American government as we know it today. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Grab some merch: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Follow us @lions_by Sources: https://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/St._Clair%27s_Defeat https://www.lawfareblog.com/remembering-st-clairs-defeat http://touringohio.com/northwest/mercer/ft-recovery/fort-recovery.html https://armyhistory.org/the-battle-of-the-wabash-the-forgotten-disaster-of-the-indian-wars/

Clint Lorance killed two unarmed Afghan civilians in 2012. Clint Lorance is a free man. He walked out of the United States Army Disciplinary Barracks at Leavenworth at the order the President Donald J Trump on November 15, 2019. This is the story of the war crime he committed. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/notifications Buy some merch: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Sources: https://taskandpurpose.com/think-lt-clint-lorance-murderer https://www.armytimes.com/news/your-army/2019/07/01/army-officer-convicted-of-murder-in-afghanistan-to-get-another-look-by-civilian-court/ https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/policy/defense-national-security/without-a-doubt-in-my-mind-soldier-who-testified-against-clint-lorance-thinks-hes-guilty-despite-trump-pardon https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/25/us/jailed-ex-army-officer-has-support-but-not-from-his-platoon.html

At the conclusion of our series on the Philippines American War we dive into the Moro Rebellion and American war crimes so prolific they are turned into things of legend in the modern day. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/creator-home Support Brandon Lee: https://www.gofundme.com/f/save-brandon-lee Follow us on Twitter @lions_by Buy our stuff on Teespring: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store

The American Philippines War begins in earnest. America sets up a series of concentration camps and attempts to brutalize the Philippine people into submission. Enter the Machete of Freedom. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Buy some merch: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Follow us on twitter: @lions_by

On this episode we dive into America's first overseas war of Empire and how two racists from Nebraska started a war. **Corrections** Andres Bonifacio did not receive an education in spain and was not summerly executed. He was tried for a plot to overthrow the government and executed. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Follow us @lions_by Sources: https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1899/01/06/102497181.pdf https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SFC18990801.2.111&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN--------1 https://books.google.com/books?id=fW_aeCJJ9J0C&pg=PA116#v=onepage&q&f=false https://books.google.com/books?id=N6nkB_PDdXcC

Join Joe and Nick as they dive into one of the worst military defeats in history. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/notifications Buy some merchandise: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Follow us on twitter: @lions_by Sources: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-ambush-that-changed-history-726367 https://penelope.uchicago.edu/~grout/encyclopaedia_romana/miscellanea/teutoburg/teutoburg.html 36/ https://www.historyextra.com/period/roman/roman-empire-greatest-defeat-teutoburg-forest-who-was-arminius/

*******TRIGGER WARNING******** Everything. Seriously everything. It is terrible. On this episode Joe and Rich discuss one of the greatest crimes in human history: Japan's answer to Nazi Germany's terrifying medical experiments. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Follow us on twitter @lions_by Sources: Felton, Mark. The Devil's Doctors: Japanese Human Experiments on Allied Prisoners of War. Harris, Sheldon. Factories of Death: Japanese Biological Warfare and the American Cover up.

Joe is joined by the co host of the What a Hell of a Way to Die Podcast Francis Horton to discuss the worst training exercise in military history. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/creator-home Follow the What a Hell of a Way to Die Podcast: @hellofaway Sources: https://www.history.com/news/d-days-deadly-dress-rehearsal https://www.history.navy.mil/browse-by-topic/wars-conflicts-and-operations/world-war-ii/1944/exercise-tiger.html https://www.npr.org/2012/04/28/151590212/operation-tiger-d-days-disastrous-rehearsal https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-devon-27185893

A very hungover Joe and Nick dive into one of the Union Army's biggest blunders during the US Civil War: The Battle of the Crater during the siege of Petersburg. Two drunken commanders throw their soldiers into battle without a plan or orders. Hilarity does not ensue. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/notifications Buy some merch: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store sources: https://www.battlefields.org/learn/civil-war/battles/crater https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/union-forces-stopped-at-the-battle-of-the-crater https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/the-battle-of-the-crater-petersburg-virginia-june-15-18-1864/

Robert Bales was a Staff Sergeant in the US Army. He is also one of the worst war criminals in recent American history. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Sources: https://www.gq.com/story/robert-bales-interview-afghanistan-massacre https://www.armytimes.com/news/your-army/2019/06/26/soldier-convicted-of-massacring-16-afghans-seeks-new-civilian-trial-citing-a-psychosis-inducing-anti-malarial-drug/ https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2013/08/19/army-soldier-wife-laughed-about-killing-charges/2674853/

The Anglo Zulu War Part 2. In the conclusion of our series the war goes from Rourke's Drift to Eshowe before killing an Imperial Prince and burning the Zulu Kingdom to the ground. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys (For sources see the show notes of Part 1)

Sources for all related episodes: https://www.nam.ac.uk/explore/zulu-war https://www.sahistory.org.za/article/anglo-zulu-wars-1879-1896 https://www.history.co.uk/article/the-battle-of-isandlwana-and-the-anglo-zulu-war-of-1879 https://www.jstor.org/stable/24453317

On episode 69 (nice)Joe and Rich dive into the history of Meth in warfare. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/notifications Buy a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Follow us on twitter: @lions_by sources: https://time.com/5752114/nazi-military-drugs/ https://newrepublic.com/article/141125/third-reich-addicted-drugs https://thesecuritydistillery.org/all-articles/pervitin-how-drugs-transformed-warfare-in-1939-45

On this episode Joe and Nick dive into the troubled and misunderstood history of the Kamikaze. Were they really so devoted to the Emperor they willingly blew themselves up or were they scared and abused kids who were peer pressured into becoming suicide bombers? Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Buy a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Sources: Wings of Defeat (2007) Emiko Ohnuki-Tierney. Kamikaze Dairies: Reflections of Japanese Student Soldiers. Kaiten Memorial Museum: http://www.kamikazeimages.net/museums/kaiten/index.htm

On this episode we examine the birth of the M-16 Rifle and its deployment to the Vietnam War. How did the Pentagon take a rifle that passed every test with flying colors and turn it into a piece of shit that undoubtably killed hundreds of American soldiers? Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Sources for this episode: https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1981/06/m-16-a-bureaucratic-horror-story/545153/ https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/m16-rifle-went-war-against-north-korea%E2%80%94and-succeeded-vietnam-not-so-much-32252 https://www.pewpewtactical.com/m16-vietnam-failure https://fenixammo.com/pages/history-of-the-223-remington-cartridge

On this iteration of the Donkey Reading Series Joe is joined by our friendly neighborhood Nuclear Anthropologist Martin Pfeiffer (@NuclearAnthro) to discuss the War on the Rocks article "America Needs A dead Hand". The article: https://warontherocks.com/2019/08/america-needs-a-dead-hand/ Support the show and get bonus content: https://www.patreon.com/notifications Buy a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store

Joseph Dresnok was a Private in the US Army stationed along the Korean DMZ. He quickly became depressed and developed one hell of an addiction to booze and sex workers. After getting in trouble one too many times and fearing he would get a courts martial, he took off running across the DMZ towards North Korea. Support the show and get bonus content: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys buy a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Sources: "Crossing the Line" BBC 4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yd2dCk3N8cE https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2017/08/21/a-u-s-soldier-who-defected-to-north-korea-in-1962-has-died-his-pyongyang-born-sons-say/ Jenkins Robert. The Reluctant Communist: My Desertion, Court-Martial, and Forty-Year Imprisonment in North Korea. 2007. https://foreignpolicy.com/2014/04/29/meet-the-four-americans-who-defected-to-north-korea-in-the-1960s/

Tarrare and Charles Domery were soldiers who fought in the War of the First Coalition. They were also afflicted with a never ending, voracious hunger that cannot be explained. What if Eli Roth created a gritty reboot of Kirby? Support the show and get bonus content: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Get a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store sources: https://allthatsinteresting.com/tarrare https://io9.gizmodo.com/what-caused-these-men-to-eat-cats-and-candles-1685293458

Project 100,000 was a Vietnam War Era experiment conducted by the United States to see how low they could lower the standards for enlistment or conscription. Thousands of developmentally disabled Americans would be killed. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Buy a book: https://www.amazon.com/Citizen-Earth-Galaxy-Fire-Book-ebook/dp/B07NSMFSHN/ref=dp_kinw_strp_1 Buy a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store sources: https://bigthink.com/politics-current-affairs/story-behind-mcnamaras-morons https://www.historynet.com/mcnamaras-boys.htm

This is the story of how Pepsi, yes that Pepsi, ended up controlling the world's sixth largest submarine navy. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Buy a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Buy Joe's new book: https://www.amazon.com/Citizen-Earth-Galaxy-Joseph-Kassabian/dp/1949645347 sources: https://www.redkalinka.com/Russian-Blog/78/_The-day-Pepsi-became-a-great-military-power/ https://www.nytimes.com/1990/04/09/business/international-report-pepsi-will-be-bartered-for-ships-vodka-deal-with-soviets.html https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/soviet-union-pepsi-ships

On the 7th (and final) installment in our Soviet Afghan series we take a look at what life was like as a Soviet conscript and just how miserable life had to be before you started drinking boot polish to get drunk. Support the show! https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Buy Joe's new book: https://www.amazon.com/Citizen-Earth-Galaxy-Fire-Book-ebook/dp/B07SG7KH5Z/ref=tmm_kin_swatch_0?_encoding=UTF8&qid=1564425872&sr=8-1 Buy a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store

On part 6 the Soviet Union has to figure out how to pull their army out of Afghanistan while the entire country collapses around them while new journalistic freedoms show everyday Soviet citizens the horrors of war for the first time. Support the show and get bonus content: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Buy a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Buy Joe's new book: https://www.amazon.com/Citizen-Earth-Galaxy-Fire-Book-ebook/dp/B07NSMFSHN/ref=tmm_kin_swatch_0?_encoding=UTF8&qid=1563803263&sr=8-1

Babrak Karmal is a failure and the Soviets know he has to be replaced if they are ever going to get a functioning Afghan government. Enter Muhammed Najibullah, a mass murdering psychopath. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Buy a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Buy Joe's new book Citizen of Earth: https://www.amazon.com/Citizen-Earth-Galaxy-Joseph-Kassabian/dp/1949645347/ref=sr_1_1?crid=2UP4API8XF65N&keywords=citizen+of+earth+joseph+kassabian&qid=1563190222&s=gateway&sprefix=citizen+of+earth%2Caps%2C198&sr=8-1

As the Soviets got bogged down in Afghanistan the United States and its allies are helping the Afghan rebels, but only with a little cash and small arms. This all changes when an alcoholic, drug addicted, womanizing Congressman from Texas gets involved. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys buy a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Check out Joe's new book: https://www.amazon.com/Citizen-Earth-Galaxy-Joseph-Kassabian/dp/1949645347/ref=sr_1_1?crid=28K2JNPXTPX5Z&keywords=citizen+of+earth+joseph+kassabian&qid=1562585220&s=gateway&sprefix=citizen+of+earth%2Caps%2C231&sr=8-1

The Soviet Army digs in for the long haul while a Tajik warlord named Ahmed Shah Massoud makes them pay for every inch of land they take. Support the show and get access to our bonus content: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Buy a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store If you like military sci fi grab Joe's new book: https://www.amazon.com/Citizen-Earth-Galaxy-Joseph-Kassabian/dp/1949645347

Another Afghan head of state is assassinated and replaced with an even more insane despot. The Soviets decide if anyone is going to assassinate the President, it is going to be THEM. Support the show and get bonus content: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys If you're a military sci fi fan buy Joe's book Citizen of Earth: https://www.amazon.com/Citizen-Earth-Galaxy-Joseph-Kassabian/dp/1949645347/ref=sr_1_1?crid=2UC12MRLI20M7&keywords=citizen+of+earth+joseph+kassabian&qid=1561376068&s=gateway&sprefix=citizen+of+ear%2Caps%2C199&sr=8-1 Buy some shirts: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store

On part 1 of the Soviet Afghan War the Afghan King is overthrown leading to a series of coups, counter coups, and purges that would eventually set the stage for Soviet intervention. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys buy a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Sources for all related episodes: Gregory Feifer. The Great Gamble: The Soviet War in Afghanistan Svetlana Alexievich. Zinky Boys: Soviet Voices from the Afghanistan War Lester Grau. The Bear Went Over the Mountain: Soviet Combat Tactics in Afghanistan

You sent us questions and we answered them. Things got weird. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Buy a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Buy Citizen of Earth: https://www.amazon.com/Citizen-Earth-Galaxy-Fire-Book-ebook/dp/B07NSMFSHN/ref=cm_cr_arp_d_product_top?ie=UTF8

On this entry into the DRS Joe and Travis read Max Boot's "Why winning and losing are irrelevant in Syria and Afghanistan" from the Washington Post. It might just be the dumbest fucking thing ever read for the show. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Buy a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Follow us on twitter @lions_by

On this episode more inbred people beef over turf, English longbowmen drowned French knights in shallow puddles, and Joe mispronounces everything to do with England. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Buy Joe's book: https://www.amazon.com/Citizen-Earth-Galaxy-Fire-Book-ebook/dp/B07NSMFSHN/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=citizen+of+earth&qid=1558956418&s=gateway&sr=8-1 Buy a teeshirt: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store follow us on twitter: @lions_by sources: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/8648068/Battle-of-Agincourt-ten-reasons-why-the-French-lost.html https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03044181.2016.1236504

Joe, Nick, and Rich tell the stories of Sergeant Stubby, Chief Dog Sinbad, and Corporal Wojtek BECAUSE THEY ARE ALL SUCH GOOD BOYS. Buy Joe's new Military Sci Fi Novel Citizen of Earth: https://www.amazon.com/Citizen-Earth-Galaxy-Fire-Book-ebook/dp/B07NSMFSHN/ref=sr_1_fkmrnull_1?crid=1OWAX5TWGSTT6&keywords=citizen+of+earth+joseph+kassabian&qid=1558351936&s=gateway&sprefix=citizen+of+earth%2Caps%2C294&sr=8-1-fkmrnull Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys buy some shirts: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Follow us on twitter: @lions_by sources: https://www.warhistoryonline.com/history/chief-dog-sinbad-cheerful-brave-coast-guard-mascot-ww2.html https://www.navalhistory.org/2019/03/21/sinbad-the-dog-behind-the-legend

James McCormick tricked the Iraqi government into buying tens of millions of dollars worth of dowsing rods to find bombs. Hilarity did not ensue. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Buy a shirt: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store follow us on twitter: @lions_by sources: https://slate.com/technology/2013/04/dowsing-for-bombs-maker-of-useless-bomb-detectors-convicted-of-fraud.html https://borderlandsciences.org/journal/vol/ie/Janks_Empirical_Evidence_for_Dowsing.html https://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/04/world/middleeast/04sensors.html

On May 4, 1970 Members of the Ohio Nation Guard gunned down four innocent people at Kent State University. Nobody has ever been held accountable. Support the show: https://www.patreon.com/lionsledbydonkeys Buy some merchandise: https://teespring.com/stores/lions-led-by-donkeys-store Follow us on Twitter @lions_by sources: https://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war/kent-state-shooting https://time.com/5583301/kent-state-photos/ https://www.kent.edu/may-4-historical-accuracy http://movies2.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0504.html