英文小酒馆 LHH

关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】获得全文稿哦~Hi, everyone. And welcome back to America Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话美国】. Hi, James. Hi, Lulu. Hi, everyone. Has been a long time. I know. Yeah. I think we've managed to cover a lot of the topics already. So do you have any topic suggestions？I was thinking that since we have finally reopened the country and we can go places, we should probably talk about vacation and traveling. Yes. Actually that's a great idea. Now the other day you, me and 安澜, we were talking about... in Across the Pond where we're talking about what we would do if we're traveling to other places in the world. So I thought maybe it would be a good idea to talk about how typical Americans travel, or how they see this idea of traveling, vacationing. That sounds great. We should definitely talk about that. But first things first, can I ask you, I mean, this has been confusing me for ages. So the idea of holiday and vacation都可以有假日的意思. But if you say you go on holiday and go on vacation, first of all, do you guys use that？And if so, are they the same？So this is where it gets a little confusing because Americans would never say I'm going on holiday. It's not an Americanism. We would say I'm going on vacation or I'm going to take a vacation or I have a vacation, these are... we are more likely to use this word ‘vacation’. To an American holiday is Christmas, Thanksgiving. I see, so it's more like this is a public holiday that sort of idea. It's not about you going anywhere. No, because there's like we have a holiday this week, what are you gonna do？Stay home. I see. I see. So now let's talk about vacations. First of all, how long when people say they're going on a vacation？What is the average time they would spend on a vacation. A week.? 2 weeks? I wish it was that long. But sadly, not. Most Americans when they go on a vacation, we think of it more like they're taking a long weekend, so like 3 or 4 days. Because paid holiday... there's not a lot of paid holiday or paid break. Just out of curiosity, you said there's not a lot of paid holidays. So annual leave, the paid annual leave for average American workers. How long is that?It really varies from company to company, but it averages out to 2 or 3 weeks, a year.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ Hi, everyone and welcome back to Britain under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话英伦】on the topic of 鸡娃 second episode, brought to you by学霸安澜and学渣Lulu. Lulu, there's no way that you are 学渣. Compared to you. I have to say 安澜 is one of those students like别人家里的孩子那种 so always very driven, always very geared on. Very good grades, always getting good grades. All right, I was a bit of a nerd. Yes. I still am so…Okay. So coming back to the topic of 鸡娃, I'm sure your parents didn't have to use that on you. But you notice that in China when people talk about education especially primary secondary education, you hear a lot of these classes, although now there are policies banning them, but this whole cram schools and then tutorial这种补课或者什么培优什么这些乱七八糟的这些东西. Are there similar things in the UK?Yes, I would say you can pay for tutor, it’s relatively common. But generally, it's… if you can afford it, first of all, it's seen as a bit of a luxury. And also it's more around if you're falling behind in your studies, then you might consider getting a tutor. 所以是补差的那种. What about you？You wanna go ahead, you wanna charge ahead to be better than other people.Well, to be perfectly honest, I would say for many people, they don't think in those terms. Because you have to ultimately think what is the purpose of the education is to pass the test. So if it's a case of being the top 1% in the class or whatever, I don't think that really does apply so much in the UK. Obviously there may be a lot of people that do think in those terms; but for a lot of the English people that I know, they don't think in those terms, they just say, okay, you got good grades, you can do this to improve. And that’s it. There's none of this fixation about you gotta be the top in the class because from our perspective, what's the point in being the top of the class？Because I think it's the whole idea in China we have the college entrance exam, right？高考, because everyone's gonna take that. That's why being the top one or 0.1 percentile is the most important thing because一分干倒一大片的that's the sort of philosophy. But in the UK yeah, you can be top of the class, you can get very good grades, but you are applying ultimately for the universities that you like and you can apply for multiple universities, so can your classmates. So it's not everyone is on that specific path to compete in a specific...I would say that is the thing I have noticed about China is that for a huge population of students, they're focused on a very limited number of places, a very limited number of courses, which we don't really have in the UK, even for Oxford and Cambridge. Some people really want to get into Oxford and Cambridge. Other people don't really want to go into Oxford and Cambridge. They want to go to another university that they prefer. OK, you do have some very good universities in the UK, but let's be honest here, let's be brutally honest, going to Oxbridge is still very difficult and we talked about that in... it’s very competitive. Of course it is, that's why I failed the interview. Yeah, we still remember that, but that's because you didn't really prepare, actually you know what, you can hire a special tutor or a special agency to help you prepare for Oxbridge interviews. 就是你想进牛剑的话, 是有那种专门的不是辅导班就是mock interview.

关注公众号和同名视频号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，了解更多好文和资讯！Hi, everyone and welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来《闲话英伦》. Hi, 安澜.Hi, Lulu. Hi, everyone. Can I propose a topic actually? Yeah, of course. Alan, you speak very good Chinese. Have you ever heard of the idea of 鸡娃? Yes...You don't sound very sure. I've heard of it, but it's one of those concepts that I don't think really translates into English. So if you're gonna ask me for an English translation of 鸡娃, then I probably would struggle a little bit. It's basically like motivate your kids but like, forcefully. Forcefully motivates your children. Okay. I'm not sure that's the particularly good translation, but I think that pretty much is what it is, isn't it? I would say probably if we have to really translate it, I would go with the idea of a tiger mom.Tiger mom, the sort of Asian parenting, is that not the stereotype? It is a bit of a stereotype, but to be honest, I've lived in the UK and I've lived in China for quite some time now. I think that's a stereotype that is quite accurate in many cases. But the thing is the whole Asian parents, especially Chinese parents, put a lot of effort, put a lot of emphasis on their kids, that kind of leads to somewhat of a misunderstanding. Sometimes our listeners would ask us, do English parents not care about their kids education, just let them run around wild?I know. I have heard some of our fans and also some of my friends have said what does this mean? Does this mean that British parents don't care about their children, is that...? No, it's a completely different mindset. I tell you why I would like to talk about this whole鸡娃 or parents attitude towards education in the UK, because last time I went back to the UK I was with some friends, and one of them has got a school age child whose... I say school age, this kid is about to go to college and start all that. And then you could see when family friends, when they are visiting when if they have a kid of similar age or slightly older, that's what they're gonna talk about. They're not gonna talk about holiday la, la, la. No, they're gonna talk about kids education, university application. Do you have extra credits? Do you have all of that? Of course. That's the same for my family as well because from the sounds of it, my niece is the same age as your friend's child. And we constantly talk about university, we constantly talk about school. But it's from a very different standpoint. It's not that we don't care. I would say it's that we worry about slightly different things. And in today's episode we're gonna explore that a little bit.Yes.But let's have the general tone is parents are parents no matter which culture which country they're from or they're in, they care about their kids education. Of course, and probably a bit of disclaimer as well. Now I don't have any children and I know that you don't have any children, Lulu. So we're not experts, we're not gonna tell you how to raise your child. If you wanna listen to that, there's millions of those podcast all over the world in English and Chinese and Swahili. Every single language has those podcast has those videos. But what we're doing today is just giving you a little bit of our own personal opinion because we been in education for a number of years now.And also being in the two cultures that we can somewhat compare what we have seen and observed. First of all, let's talk a little bit about secondary education system, 就是整个中学的学制.In England, it's a bit different, so for us is very straightforward. We have primary education which is age 6-12 and then 12-15, it’s junior middle school 初中, and then 15-18 is senior, the high school, and then university. In the UK it's not so.It's a little bit different. Partly because England and Wales they have a different education system than Scotland, for example. But just to give you the quick lowdown, you have primary school which is 6-11 or 12, then you have secondary school which

片头活动，咨询小助手微信【luluxjg】Your first hunt or your first kill actually, how did you feel about it? Because I know for some people, they probably would feel a little bit strange or a little bit, I don't know, uneasy on their first hunt or first kill. I remember my first hunt, first kill very well. So I was staying at my friend's property. He has a cabin which is in the bush surrounded by forest. We would leave, get up in the morning around 4, 3:30 in the morning, 4 o'clock in the morning. We would go hunting early morning. So got up, had some breakfast, made a cup of tea and then I went... and all the way through preparing. He was saying to me, Simon, don't get over excited. The chances are you will not see a deer. You probably won't even see a deer this morning. If you do, the chances are you'll probably miss it. This is the first time you're hunting. So please just moderate your expectations. Don't be disappointed. Don't get overly excited. He kept telling me this over and over again. Anyway, I had breakfast and I sat on the steps outside the cabin and I was putting on my boots. I had the rifle right next to me. And then suddenly this deer walked out of the bush directly opposite me, right in front of me. And it just sort of stood there right in front of me. Ready to be shot. Ready to be shot. And I pick up the rifle put in the bullet and I hit the bolt, aimed, and I pulled the trigger, BANG! The deer fell down, just straight down. Anyway, my friend heard the gun go off and he came running outside wondering what was going on. And he saw me standing over the deer. And he, he was surprised but then he was also a little bit pissed off because it was one of the deers that he'd been taming for a while. So it was almost like a pet deer. I think that's sad, because obviously that's why the deer came close to you because the deer probably thought friends. But you like, prey. To answer your question, how did I feel afterwards? I felt pretty depressed, really, I felt pretty sad. I killed this animal. I knew academically, I knew these are pests. They destroy New Zealand plant life, they destroy habitats for birds and animals. But they are also Bambi and Bambi's mom. They are, but they create massive devastation, destroy the ecosystem. So there's two sides to it. True.The other thing is we don't hunt for fun, purely for fun if we are going hunting.Yeah, exactly. That's the question I'm gonna ask you if you're not hunting for fun or just for blowing off some steams. Then what do you do with the animals? Do you actually eat the animals that you hunt like a real sort of hunter? Different animals are obviously slightly different in use. Possums, they would have their fur plucked, so you would kill the possum and you take its fur. Pelt.It could be the pelt which could then be used and for example, leather jacket or some other clothing or it could just be the fur which you pluck out the fur. And then that can be then made into clothing fur. Possum fur is quite expensive now. There's a lot of clothing which they do possum fur and sheep wool blends which is really nice. I see. What about deer?For deer for goats, it's usually the meat. So after hunting we would then take the meat. One deer could feed myself and my wife for a couple of months. It's quite a bit of...Yes, you have those big freezers, you mentioned last time that you can just put the deer in. Correct, a chest freezer, big freezes. We've got one at the moment and it is filled with them, with meat. You know, swinging between... a pendulum, between ‘Bambi, don't you shoot Bambi and Bambi's mom,’ but venison, deer meat is yummy. It is good. And then of course, some people will take pelts and some people will take the antlers, deer antlers, quite popular.

"英文小酒馆致力于打造沉浸式英语学习社群，无论是微信社群、有声节目、线上活动和课程，我们都全心全意为爱好英语的你带去一份专属于英语的快乐。微信公众号: 【璐璐的英文小酒馆】 查音频节目文稿，了解广阔的世界。跟随我们的脚步，体会英语的温度。" Hi, everyone and welcome to your favorite segment Global Village. 欢迎回来《小酒馆·大世界》. Today in our studio we have our old friend Simon from New Zealand. Hi, Simon. Kia Ora. 你好. Kia Ora, Kia Ora. So I remember last time when we were doing the recording, you mentioned something about hunting, apparently you hunt now?Yeah. That is right Lulu. Since returning to New Zealand 10 years ago, 11years ago, I have taken up hunting.Okay. So I thought that would be a very interesting albeit quite foreign concept to a lot of our listeners. I thought let's explore that topic. Topic of hunting. Yes.First of all, and forgive me for being completely ignorant in this aspect. First of all, is it legal to hunt in New Zealand? Like, for example, are people allowed to have guns, weapons? Yeah, so in New Zealand, it is legal to have guns, although you need to get a firearms license, unlike the States where it seems that everyone has 27 guns; in New Zealand, you have to go through training. You've got to go through quite a significant police background check, mental health check, before you're able to get your firearms license. Without a firearms license, you can't buy a gun, you can't take ownership of a gun, you can't buy ammunition or anything related to guns. Okay. I assume you also need to register. That's correct. You have to register the firearms. You've got to have a gun safe in your property which has to be approved by the government. And the police will regularly come to your house and ask to see the gun safe and the gun... and make sure everything is stored properly. Okay, it's technically illegal for example, for me to say, Simon, you're my friend, can you lend me your gun? You cannot do that. That's correct. Although if you said Simon, let's go hunting together. As long as one of us has a firearms license, we can go hunting with someone does not have a firearms license. However, if you do something bad, if you start firing the gun up at the air at passing planes, then it's the person who has the firearms license that you're with that will be in trouble. I see. So whoever owns the gun holds that responsibility. That's correct. But I'm assuming you also have restrictions on what kind of firearms you are allowed to own. You're not allowed handguns. No. Pistols, that sort of thing. So in certain situations, people can apply for a license for a handgun. But it's very uncommon and it's highly regulated, also semiautomatic and automatic rifles just are totally illegal. A few years ago, we had a shooting event in Christchurch. The terrorist opened fire at a mosque and killed a number of people. And I think the next day our Prime Minister basically outlawed automatic and semi automatic rifles. 就是自动和半自动步枪. But I'm assuming with hunting, you just use regular rifles? 普通的步枪That's correct. So, sort of a bolt, a bolt action rifle, so it'll be one shot, bang, and then you have to ... reload, use the bolt and reload, and then the next shot.

欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is Stan. Sounds like a name, doesn't it？Well, it is, and it isn't. But it is related to fandom. 所以今天的Buzzword, 咱们就来聊聊和饭圈文化有关的词Stan. The term “stan” comes from the song of the same name on Eminem’s 2000 album, 要说这个词是怎么来的, 这就可以追溯到2000年, 当时事业如日中天的Eminem姆爷出的新专辑里有一首歌就叫做Stan. The song tells the story of an obsessed fan named Stan, who writes multiple letters to Eminem. Eventually, Stan’s obsession spirals out of control, and he becomes violent.这首歌讲的就是一个Eminem的狂热粉丝, 叫做Stan. 他不断的给姆爷写信, 表达他有多么的崇拜他, 但这些信因为得不到回应, 逐渐stand就变得更加疯狂, 而且更加的暴力.It is a pretty dark song. And we don't know where Eminem got the name stan or if the song was truly based on a real person.不过有不少人猜测, 之所以Eminem会把这个狂热粉丝的名字取作Stan, 是因为Stan是stalker跟踪狂和fan粉丝的合成词. Several years after the song's release, the term was picked up by early internet forums to refer to obsessive ardent fans. 随后的几年, 网上一些论坛就开始用Stan来指代那些疯狂迷恋某一个明星的粉丝. Since then, it’s evolved into a catchall term for self-identified online fans of all types of media personalities and artists.不过后来这个词在英语的饭圈也经常会被使用, 甚至有很多人会自称Stan. An urban dictionary entry describing stan for intense fandom was added in 2006. 网上的俚语词典, urban dictionary 2006年就加入了Stan词条, and one of the first tweets using stan as a verb for greatly liking someone came in 2008. 随后 Stan就不只是一个名词了. 再有人发推的时候就把stan作为一个动词来表示狂热的迷恋某一位明星.Over the years, “stan” has morphed into a go-to slang term for diehard fans and was added to the Oxford English Dictionary in 2017.随后作为狂热粉丝这个意思的Stan就留存下来, 并且在2017年被收录到牛津词典.Along with the development of the language, a movement called “stan culture” has also appeared. 随之而来的不光是词汇的变迁, 还包括叫stan culture的, 你可以把它理解成狂热饭圈文化. This particular slang term spread online in the late 2000s and early 2010s withstands of different fandoms arguing for the superiority of their interests. In 2010, the website stan wars launched because of these online arguments. 因为stan culture的大流行, 在2010年出现了这样的一个网站, 就叫Stan Wars, 你可以把它理解为饭圈大战, so that people from different fandoms can fight and argue with each other. 基本上类似于那种什么 “我家哥哥比你们家的好” 那种争论. So in English they're called stans or diehard fans. And interestingly, in Korean, there is an equivalent. 在韩语里有一个相对应的词叫做sasaeng. 听起来是不是有点耳熟？其实就是私生饭, 而中文里的私生饭就是从韩语里借过来的. They're basically described as these stans or diehard fans that are driven by their obsession to commit borderline criminal acts in order to gain attention from celebrities. Now if you don't know anything about fandom, you might wonder what do stans do, how are they different from regular fans？如果你一点都不懂饭圈文化, 可能你会觉得说喜欢一个人我不就是他的粉丝吗？这些所谓的stan和一般的粉丝有什么区别呢？ Stans are often able to organize and create large-scale movements that have an impact on social media. So for example, they might be actively streaming or purchasing new songs so that they will rank higher on music charts. 比如他们会短期刷量, 帮助他们家idol的新专辑打榜;Regularly posting or tweeting about their favorite artist to raise awareness.Creating and popularizing various hashtags, trends, memes.不断的刷热搜;Participating in stan wars. 和其他爱豆的粉丝进行饭圈大战;Defending their fave artist during any potential scandals.在ta们的爱豆塌房或者疑似塌房的时候, 站出来力挺爱豆; Stan's have had a profound effect on overall internet culture. And in both English and Chinese, they've even formed their own language called stan language.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~Hi, everyone. And welcome back to your favorite segment Across the Pond. 欢迎回来你 们最喜欢的【英美大不同】. Hi, James. Hi, lulu, hi, everyone. Hi安澜. Hello.You just remind me of like a groundhog or like a mole person. Thank you. OK, we digress. So for those of you who are not familiar with this segment, we invite James and 安澜, James from America and安澜from the UK, we are going to do a comparison in how they are dealing with different social situations. Today, our topic is, drum roll plays, traveling abroad.YeahBecause we finally can. Any travel plans, by the way, before we start? Well, I got a list, Japan, Europe, America, Thailand, Southeast Asia. I can keep going. It's a long list.Same here actually. What about you安澜?Pretty much the same. I've already been back to the UK once, I'm gonna go back again in the summer, but 'm hoping to go to Southeast Asia. OK. So this should be right up your alley. Question one, you've gone to paradise. This could be any sort of tropical islands or whatever you like. But for the week you are there, it rains constantly for the first time in years. What would you do, how would you react? Being American...I've got two Pina Coladas, one for each hand. I want to make the best of it. No, we're still in paradise and they got... the bar is still open. Don't admit defeat, just keep going. Would you still like venture out when it's like pouring with rain? Yes, that's either... I spent all these money to come here. It's like it's warm, it's only wet be either this or jump in the ocean. So...I see. And 安澜I would pretty much do what I was gonna do if it was sunny, stay in my room, look on my phone, read a book, have a beer.安澜 for you traveling is just like finding different places to read your book.And finding different drinks to accompany that. So I've tried American beer, English beer, German beer, Japanese beer. Exactly .That's how you know you traveled. Yeah. Remind me to take you to a bar that offers all those type of world beers. Then you save on the traveling expenses. All right. Honestly, for me, I probably complain the whole time because I absolutely hate rain. I don't do well in rain. You guys are not gonna respond to that. No. All right. Question two, you arrive at the “Beach-view pleasure Resort” 什么海景房, 海景度假村. Only to discover your mosquito-infested room faces a charming brick wall. Bring American, you...I mean it is the most amazing brick wall of everything in my life. It is red with black mortar, the room comes with pets. Are you gonna complain them, seriouslyYeah, but we're gonna have a sense of humor about it. Ok, wouldn't you be angry that you paid for Beach-view pleasure Resort?Yes, most Americans would be quite upset, but they would also be really bemused. And安澜？ Well, certainly I will not be happy about it, but I would look out the window. I would enjoy the mosquitoes and tell everyone I'm having a wonderful time. And then at the end of the holiday, leave a very bad review on trip advisor. So neither of you would just move out and consider another hotel? That costs much. And we already spent a lot of money on this awesome viewed hotel and it's... we can't admit defeat. These are called surrender, or else mosquitoes will win. Next question, now I'm assuming is gonna be different for the two of you, you go down for breakfast in the hotel to discover bountiful buffet of every type of cuisine imaginable. 早餐什么都有, 世界各地的美食. What do you go for？Let’s have James again. If you're the smart traveler, you eat the local stuff because they're less likely to mess it up, but the average American, bacon, bacon, bacon, eggs, potatoes. Would you say Americans are generally not very adventurous when it comes to exotic food?Not really, if it's like, no, I mean they'll do continental, a nice cold cuts and cheese and croissants that's not stretching there. That's not pushing them very far. They'll do that. But if it's like, what's this?

英文小酒馆致力于打造沉浸式英语学习社群，无论是微信社群、有声节目、线上活动和课程，我们都全心全意为爱好英语的你带去一份专属于英语的快乐。微信公众号: 【璐璐的英文小酒馆】 查音频节目文稿，了解广阔的世界。跟随我们的脚步，体会英语的温度。1. Come back, even as a shadow,even as a dream (Euripides)归来吧，哪怕只是一片影子一个梦境也好，归来吧。（欧里庇得斯） 2. Sometimes memories sneak out of my eyes and roll down my cheeks.有时回忆会从眼角偷偷溜出来，滑落我的腮边。 3. Sometimes when one person is absent, the whole world seems depopulated.明明只少了那么一个人，整个世上却都冷清了。 4. If tears could build a stairway, and memories a lane, I’d walk right up to heaven and bring you home again. 用眼泪和回忆，能不能建成通向天国的阶梯，接你回来团聚。5. Perhaps they are not the stars, but rather openings in heaven where the love of our lost ones pours through and shines down upon us to let us know they are happy. 夜空的繁星，也许正是我们在天上的那些亲爱的人们流泻而出的爱意，让我们知道他们在天国很好。6. Those we love and lose are always connected by heartstrings into infinity.那些我们深爱的人，即使离开，也不会切断两颗心之间永恒的纽带。 7. If the people we love are stolen from us, the way to have them live on is to never stop loving them.只要我们心里依然爱着，我们深爱的人就一直没有从这个世界离开。 8. We never truly get over a loss,but we can move forward and evolve from it.我们也许永远无法忘却失去亲人爱人挚友的悲痛，但是我们仍然可以从这种悲痛中成长，继续向前。 Almost everything—all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure—these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.几乎所有的事，所有外界的期许，骄傲，碍于面子的担忧和对失败的恐惧，在死亡面前都不值一提。记住我们每个人终将死去，才能避免在人生中患得患失。我们都会赤裸裸地面对死亡，所以在活着的每一天都去追随自己的心吧。(乔布斯)以上内容来自专辑璐璐的英语小酒馆

《小酒馆·大世界》-世界各处的文化和精彩，在小酒馆触手可得哦~ 欢迎关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，可以查看更多精彩内容，查看英语全文稿哦~In the previous episode, we were talking to Aladin, our guest speaker from France about whether French people are truly romantic, and let's continue with that topic today.So now let's move on from just dating to perhaps more settling down whether it's just long term relationship or actually getting married. Would you say when it comes to more serious dating or settling down, French people are still more romantic or pragmatic? The reason why I'm asking is really like in China a lot of the times when we consider marriage, we consider a lot of pragmatic elements, for example, assets, properties, whether the two families match, you know, this whole门当户对thing, does it happen in France?What I found really interesting, because when I just arrived in China, you just start using dating apps especially when you don't know anyone in the country. I was really surprised to see like so many girls telling me you look nice Aladin but like I'm looking for potential wedding, like I'm looking for a potential husband, and like I could sense that already for them like as a foreigner, as a French person coming to China, maybe you're not gonna stay forever. I was just kind of so shocked to see that people would not like give it a chance. It was like so practical already from the get go and you're just like what's the interest of dating? Then if you are just like have already like some kind of checklist of what you want exactly to achieve, then shouldn't we all on those apps put exactly or 户口 and how many money we make each month so that we would be faster this way. So to tell you that as a French person, we don't officially... we would not say something like that, like when you go out and you date and you meet people, you're supposed to find maybe the one love of your life. Common interests. Common interests. But officially like in my own friends and people around me like we would never say like, this guy was nice, but he is like from a poor family so I'm just gonna drop him and this is not gonna work. People will never say that like that would be seen as extremely conservative and really weird. So people are out to meet their love of their life. And in theory, you are not supposed to be too practical about those kind of things. I like that you said in theory. Because at the end of it, for example, like I don't have any study in mind, but for example one day, I, because my dad got married like 5 years ago, in French mayor office like you have some kind of official announcement, it's the law, like you're supposed to put official wedding so that if someone was already married...Objects....the wedding, the people could be “喂, that guy you already got married to this other person like years ago.” So I was out of curiosity, I went to take a picture of my dad like official wedding information. It was taken down, but that doesn't matter, but I was like checking like the 25 couples that got married. I could clearly see that every social class were staying together like a worker with a worker, like a movie, a film production company guy was like married, like an actress, like a doctor was marrying a nurse. So you could see that men would always marry someone from their same social status or they would marry someone a little bit under them. But you would never have like a female surgeon marrying like a 保安 and like a cop or someone like that like people were just like staying around their own ...Social circles.Social circle, and even I see my own friends like if I look around, I come from a middle class Paris family, more like a liberal type of people. So we were supposed to be open minded, but I can clearly see that the people around me they choose people at the end of the day, not that many people choose someone under their social background.I think it's one of those things that you probably not consciously doing it, but subconsciously you're definitely you're kind of stick

Hi everyone. And welcome back to 酒馆, welcome back to your favorite segment, Global Village, 《小酒馆·大世界》, and we have a new guest speaker in the studio today. Aladin is from France and he is a fellow podcaster, a content producer. Together we're going to do a few episodes on different aspects of French culture and lifestyle. Exciting! Exciting!Welcome to the show Aladin. Hello Lulu, bonjour à tous et merci de m'avoir invité dans votre programme. So hi guys and thank you for inviting me on your show. First things first, can you give us a little bit of introduction? I know you are right now working in Beijing and you have been in Beijing for a few years. So what do you do apart from creating your own podcast?Sure so my name is really Aladin, I'm from France. I can do the French accent if you want but I will avoid it. No joke aside. I've been living in China for 7 years. I've always been working in film and TV, mainly documentaries and podcast. I've worked in Paris then I went to Nanjing to study Chinese, then I worked in private company public Chinese media, and since 2 years I started my own company. Basically a freelancer in podcast and documentary I do a bit of film translation. I actually did like a few translation for Wandering Earth II. There was like a ... see, a few lines were in French so thank you for supporting the movie I guess. And I'm currently based in Beijing. So basically I thought there are so many topics that we can talk about, but let's start with a lighthearted topic. I'm sure you get asked this a lot living in China. It's when people hear you're from France, they would say French people, very romantic. So I thought we talk about are French people really romantic? That's a good question. What's really funny is that each time I meet a new friend and everyone is like法国人，那你一定很浪漫. And I think it's so funny because it's basically the first thing that most people who don't know me say, like I feel it's kind of a way for them to make a bridge and talk to me. What's pretty funny, tiny anecdotes, like a few weeks ago, I was in France, I bought a book about a French artist who used to come to China a lot between the 80s all the way to 2010, really interesting book, and what's so funny is that in the 80s when he was saying he was French, like people were saying you are like from a French, you are from a romantic and revolutionary country. So it's really funny that the mindset of how Chinese see French’s maybe changed a little bit, like people don't see us as revolutionary as before. They sure see us as being really romantic. Yeah, but like seriously, I don't even think this is just what Chinese people think. For example, I met people from other countries, when they have the stereotype or notion of French people, they would also use the word romantic. So the whole idea that France is a romantic nation or French people are romantic, as a French person yourself, how much truth do you think this notion actually holds?Yeah, it's true like everyone, I think would have like some kind of a cliche vision of France like no matter where they're from in the world. What's really funny is that for us, French people, we would think that when we think about romantic country, the first thing we think about is Italy. We think that people from Italy are more romantic than us. When they say your French are so romantic, I'm just like, didn't you guys get the memo or something? So I think that's pretty funny. But it's true that France is actually, I mean, France is the most visited country in the world like and so many people go there on their honeymoon. Who, where and how this whole trend started? I can't quite say who did that, but I think this guy in charge of Paris marketing was pretty good. Because now like I have so many people who said like with my girlfriend with my boyfriend, Paris was like our first destination for our honeymoon or for like abroad trip together, things like that. Paris is seen as a romantic city for sure

欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~In today's Buzzword Mix, our Buzzword is Cringe. I know in the past few episodes in this segment, we were talking about pretty serious stuff. So I thought in this buzzword we’ll opt for something that's a lot more light-hearted and fun and very much related to social media. 今天的Buzzword里面说的这个词就跟社交媒体超级相关. 最近不是大家都在说 TikTok 吗？在TikTok里面你也可以经常的看到这个词, 它已经成为网络梗 meme这样的一个存在. Let's first of all, look at the definition. Cringe now usually means when someone acts/ or is so embarrassing or awkward, it makes you feel extremely ashamed and/or embarrassed. 这个词的意思就是说, 当你看到别人做出那种很让人觉得尴尬或者别扭的举动的时候, 你自己都会觉得尬抽或者说尬到脚趾抠地抠出三室一厅这样的一种感觉. 因此 Cringe就真是完全对应了咱们中文网上说的 “尬到了” “尬抽了” 这个感觉. This word Cringe came from Old English, the word Cringan originally meant to fall, to yield in battled, 本来还有 “投降”的意思. Now Cringan then became Cringe sometime in the 16th century when it introduced the feelings of fear and embarrassment. 到了16世纪它就开始有了恐惧和尴尬的意思. Finally, by the 19th century, the meaning had cemented itself; cringe meant to “recoil in embarrassment, shame, or fear.”到了19世纪它就变成了 “尴尬”或者 “羞耻到扭曲”这样的一个感觉.

《小酒馆·大世界》-世界各处的文化和精彩，在小酒馆触手可得哦~ 欢迎关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，可以查看更多精彩内容，查看英语全文稿哦~ In the previous episode, Simon and I were talking about disasters relief in New Zealand after the Cyclone, and we’re gonna continue that topic today. Yeah. I have an office in the town center, the city center, we also have a small school like a private training institute. So we decided to open the doors, our staff and students as well, some of them were in the evacuation centers, they were in emergency accommodation. So you put them up. We communicated with them and they communicated with other migrants, like mostly Asian migrants that were living in Hawke’s Bay. We opened our office, opened our school and we provided a free Asian style meals. Wow.We managed to get generators going, so we were providing power for charging mobile phones devices. We managed to power the water cylinder, so people could have showers at the office. That's amazing. I don't know how we managed to do it, but we somehow managed to secure Starlink, which is a satellite internet service. So even before the government, the local governments could get connected, we had internet power, hot water and hot meals. I think for the first week or so, every day we had around 150 to 200 migrants coming through for charging, food. Mostly Chinese, also quite a lot of Koreans, Japanese, Vietnamese, Cambodians, Filipinos. Can I just ask that, I know this sounds like a really pragmatic question, but if you're feeding, like you said, you're providing food for that many people like if you're doing it again and again day after day, that is a lot of expenses. Now is that... do you mind if I ask is that coming out of your basically your company’s account or your own personal account or will the government help out? Because I would assume local government should help out in this because it is disaster relief, right？Or is it through some fundraiser？Yeah, so to answer your question, it's pretty much ‘yes’ to all of the above. So firstly, the Korean embassy they contacted me or were... actually pretty early on, they were trying to contact me, they couldn't get through because the phones were down. As soon as we got onto Starlink, we responded to them. They asked me to go to a Korean supermarket which sells Korean food, Asian food, and the embassy effectively instructed them to provide my school with any supplies that I needed for the Korean nationals living within Hawke’s Bay. We were giving out food parcels to the Korean community. We also got some support later on from a few community groups, but mostly, for example, the generator was provided by me. The fuel was provided by me. A lot of the meat was provided by me. The non-perishables were, some of it was donated, some of it my company paid for. So basically, you paid for the lion share of it, but also lots of people and organizations, communities chipped in. Yeah, I mean, for example, quite a lot of the meat because all the fridges, freezers, were dying and were gone because there's no power. I know quite a few people who own restaurants in Hawke’s Bay rather than letting their meet their products go rotten, they would allow me to go and take it and then cook it and then provide it to the migrants. One of the restaurants is next door to my office. They have gas cookers. The gas was still going so there was no electricity but there was gas. They allowed us to do a lot of our cooking in their kitchens. That's a good thing. By the way, who cooked those meals?It was members of the various communities. So one day we had Chinese, like jiaozi, dumplings, noodle soup that was made by us with our Chinese students. They cook for everyone. We did a Vietnamese like full noodle meal lunch. We did a Korean barbecue. So every day we had different dishes. It sounds almost like a community cultural week, kind of events. I know it’s disaster relief, but it's very nice to hear the community then comes together, I think we should have another episode

Hi everyone and welcome back to Global Village. 欢迎回来你们最喜欢的板块【小酒馆·大世界】. Today we have a new guest speaker, but also...actually a recurring guest speaker, 今天是我们的老朋友Simon, Simon from New Zealand. Hi Simon. Kia ora , 你好.First of all, let me, just out of my concern before we get into the recording, let me ask you about the recent natural disaster that happened in your part of New Zealand. 最近新西兰是有一个cyclone, right？We did. So about three weeks ago, four weeks ago, we had really large that the largest cyclone on records parts of New Zealand. My city was the worst affected area. I'm sorry to hear that. We had about 10 days with no power, no electricity, no internet, or most people no internet. 10 days? So no phones, no internet, no power, some places, no water. It was quite scary. That must be really tough. I thought, shall we just talk about the sort of disaster preparedness and also self reliance in New Zealand, perhaps in this topic？Sure. All right. So first things first, is this common, you said it’s the largest, but does it happen often or regularly, this cyclone or similar natural disasters？Yeah, New Zealand has had its fair share of natural disasters, about ten twelve years ago we had the Christchurch earthquakes which destroyed the city of Christchurch. We had the Kaikoura earthquakes. And then in 2019... volcano? Yes, we had White Island, the volcano eruption, and there were I think 8 people killed in that, terrible event. It sounds scary because when last time I was in New Zealand with my parents, my parents actually went to that island, went to that exact scene, and then that's really scary to think about. Now I'm going to ask you, I know it's still very, very fresh, I hope you don't mind, you mentioned about this cyclone sort of like the electricity was gone, water was gone. So how badly were people affected？For example, in terms of casualties or just normal family, are they out of supplies or their homes flooded, for example.There was about ten deaths in the country, so people died... drowned due to floods or falling debris. There are a few people died. A lot of people were made homeless, either temporarily or they have now totally lost their homes. Within my company, we have one of my staff members, her house was totally flooded out, almost 2 meters of mud right through the house. So she lost everything. It was terrible. I think it is about 5,000 homes which have been destroyed, which for small... for my city which has around 60,000 people, it's a lot.That is a very high percentage. I'm just a little bit curious, may be curious is not the right word, but will they get for example compensated by like for example insurance company or is there disaster relief funds to help them rebuild their homes？Absolutely, while the average Kiwi loves to complain about the government. The reality is that our government compared to most around the world is very generous. Whenever there are natural disasters, they will put in support packages for families, for businesses and for individuals. There's already a number of financial support products available provided by the government. Most people, I think almost everyone would have insurance. So while it's very upsetting to lose your house to lose your property, there will be people who are financially much worse off. But most people will be able to claim and get some reimbursed. Compensation or relief funds. I see that's nice to know actually. What about yourself. Last time we talked, I remember you’re telling me that you are or you were less affected. So it's a bit of a secret, but I'm a secretly a bit of a prepper. I love to be prepared for things. My wife always complains that I buy too much camping equipment. However, for the cyclone, yeah. Are you one of those people that has his own secret bunker and just prepared for the sort of end of the world scenario？I probably would if I was allowed to, my wife won't allow me to do that. No, but I, compared to most p

"欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~" In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is Clean Sleep. Do you know that yesterday was World Sleep Day？大家知道昨天是【世界睡眠日】吗？Sleep is one of those topics that is hugely important to us, but we often tend to ignore it. Regardless of your age, you probably have experienced some form of sleeping disorder at certain point in your life. I know I have. So in today's buzzword, let us take a look at this relatively new idea called Clean Sleep. But before we talk about the buzzword itself, let's take a look at the harmful consequences of poor quality sleep. 不过在我们说 buzzword 之前, 我们先来看看 poor quality sleep睡眠质量不佳可能会导致的一些问题. Poor quality sleep can be unsettling for the metabolism and hormones. 它是会扰乱你的新陈代谢和激素水平, which can lead to weight gain, bad moods, impaired memory, and brain fog, as well as serious health concerns, such as inflammation and reduced immunity, which can increase your risk of chronic disease. 随之而来的就是比如体重上升, 情绪不佳, 记忆力受损, 出现这种类似于脑雾一样的情况, 甚至还会有长期反复的炎症, 免疫力降低, 这也就意味着你可能更容易得慢性病. It goes without saying that poor sleep is terrible from a beauty perspective, that is why sometimes people say they need their beauty sleep.而且对你的容貌也会产生影响, 这是为什么有些女生会说要睡美容觉beauty sleep. So now let's get to the buzzword itself, what is clean sleep？这个几年前才出现的概念, 你可以把它翻译成 “洁净睡眠”或者 “清洁睡眠”. Clean sleep is a practice centered around maximizing your sleep hygiene before bedtime. This includes ensuring your mind, body, and sleeping area are all optimized for a healthy night’s rest. 这里的 “清洁睡眠”主要是说要准备你的身、心、 包括你的整个睡眠的区域, 都能够达到一个最好的状态, 最适合你去休息, 也能让你最快入眠. Here I'm gonna share with you some really achievable tips for getting your sleep scrubbed up. 所以要实现这种Clean Sleep和大家分享几个切实可行的小技巧. Number one, eat breakfast every day and within 30 minutes of getting up, this stops the body from running on 'adrenaline energy' which is one of the main causes of shallow, ‘muddy’ sleep.早上起来尽快吃早餐, 这样你的身体不会只是靠 adrenalin energy, 靠肾上腺素撑着, 这样你会更容易有深层睡眠. Number two, minimize stimulants throughout the day – especially caffeine and refined sugars. Don't use caffeine as a substitute for food especially at breakfast and avoid caffeinated drinks after 2pm.尽量在你的一天中少接触会让你神经兴奋的这种stimulants, 特别是咖啡因和精制糖. 早餐也不要喝一杯咖啡了事, 尽量在下午2点之后不要喝任何带咖啡因的饮料. Number three, drink 1.5-2 liters of water every day to create clean cells and circulation. This includes fruit juices, non-caffeinated herbal teas, but avoid ‘low sugar’ drinks which may contain colorants, stimulants and other chemicals which can affect your sleep quality.

"英文小酒馆致力于打造沉浸式英语学习社群，无论是微信社群、有声节目、线上活动和课程，我们都全心全意为爱好英语的你带去一份专属于英语的快乐。微信公众号: 【璐璐的英文小酒馆】 查音频节目文稿，了解广阔的世界。跟随我们的脚步，体会英语的温度。" You might be wondering: hang on, where’s the Scottish people? We talked about French, English, Welsh, where are the Scots？Yes, where are the Scots？This is when they come to England and they are called the Stuarts. 斯图亚特王朝, that's in early 17th century?Yeah, 1603. James I of England and James VI of Scotland was the Scottish king, and he ruled both England and Scotland under one crownJust let me add in one thing. I think if you want to know more about English history or British history, you really just need to remember a few names, but you need to remember the numbers. Yes. Because it's just the repetition of a few names but with a number attached to it.Pretty much. Okay. So wasn't that the time for Guy Fawkes, like Guy Fawkes night, Guy Fawkes? In one of our earlier episodes, one of our very early episodes we talked about Guy Fawkes and the gunpowder plot. And James I was the man, the King that Guy Fawkes tried to kill. In the gunpowder plot. Yes. Now James I didn't die in the gunpowder plot and eventually his son Charles I came to the throne. Now Charles I fought in the English Civil War. He fought against parliament, parliament won, and King Charles I had his head cut off. I think similar to Chinese history, all these fight for throne and all these fight for jockeying for power, pretty bloody. It was. Even as King or Emperor, you're not exempt. But the difference is that after Charles I was executed, England became a republic. So before it was a monarch. Yeah.Now it became a republic, but you still have the monarch, though. That's because Oliver Cromwell ruled the Commonwealth when we had no king. He became the lord protector; and to be honest, they were very unpopular, they were so unpopular that they actually asked Charles II, Charles I’s son to come back and take the throne. 所以就把君主制又搬回来了. And this is called the restoration. 就是查理二世后面又复辟了, came back to the throne, restoration. It was towards the end of the Stuarts. In1707, Scotland and England became united in the Act of Union. So that is when we started to call the country Great Britain. In 1707, before it was just England, Scotland, separate countries. And this meant that England Scotland became pretty much the same country but there are lots and lots of differences in the law, the customs, and we won’t get going to it this time, it can get a bit complicated. I mean we can use a separate episode to talk about that. Yes. After the Stuarts came the Hanoverians .汉诺威王朝 So the Hanoverians actually came from Hanover in Germany in 1714. They were the ones that couldn't really speak much English in the beginning. That's right, George I couldn't speak much English and was dependent on the first Prime Minister Robert Walpole. We talked about that, that's where Prime Minister我们之前跟安澜录过一集, 讲英国政府的, 就讲为什么会有首相, 最开始的首相主要就是因为这个国王不会讲英文, he is like a translator. So around this time, later, you had George III, George III was the last King of America. Oh, and then they became independent.美国独立之前, 最后的一个王就是乔治三世. Yes. And eventually he became ill and was thought to be mad. And his son George, later George IV became the Prince Regent. 乔治三世的儿子也就是乔治四世, 也就是后面的Prince Regent摄政王. 我们专门录了另外一集节目, 就专门来讲荒唐的Prince Regent的. Yeah, that's a really interesting episode. And later the throne goes to Queen Victoria in 1837. And started the Victorian Age, 然后就到了维多利亚时代了. 维多利亚时代是1837年开始的, 1837, so Queen Victoria still belong to the Hanoverians. Technically yes. But because she lived for so long and also she wasn't one of the rulers of Hanover because she was not allowed to, because she was a woman. Then we started to basically the Hanoverians were phased out. I see, I think then you're kind of fast forwarding to the Royal House now which is the Windsors. 然后就到了温莎王朝, 现在还是温莎, 对吧？Yes. Now this gets a little bit complicated because they weren't called

"英文小酒馆致力于打造沉浸式英语学习社群，无论是微信社群、有声节目、线上活动和课程，我们都全心全意为爱好英语的你带去一份专属于英语的快乐。微信公众号: 【璐璐的英文小酒馆】 查音频节目文稿，了解广阔的世界。跟随我们的脚步，体会英语的温度。" Hi, everyone and welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话英伦】. Hi, 安澜 Hi Lulu, hi everyone. So can I propose a topic？ It depends on the topic. I kind of got into historical drama or period drama like British TV show. 就是英国这种历史、什么宫廷剧. Ok. I thought it’s interesting, lots of plotting, lots of gossip. Yes. But, as you know, my history sucks. It is pretty bad, your history. So all of these dynasties, all of these royal families, royal houses, these really confused me, I thought, can we talk about royal houses, dynasties in England？ Yeah, of course. So similar to china, we calculate history by dynasties or royal houses. 所以你们也有这种概念, 什么我们的唐宋元明清, 然后你们也是按照chronological编年的顺序, can't wait for you to walk me through some of the famous and most important... do you call it dynasties or royal houses？ I would say we call them royal houses. So there are six of the most famous and important houses. House number one, the Normans, 1066-1144. 诺曼王朝, the Norman, I thought they came from France. Is that right？ They came from Normandy. They were originally vikings that's settled in Normandy. And the first king was William the Conqueror. He came from Normandy, he defeated the Anglo-Saxon King Harold at the Battle of Hasting in 1066. William I or William the Conqueror was not a particularly nice person and he just wanted to get as much money as possible. What he did was he ordered the Domesday Book to be created. Now the Domesday Book was an inventory of everything and everyone in England. It was essentially the first census. 相当于第一次人口普查, 所有人都登个记，所有东西都登个记. It sounds rather boring. But in many cities, many villages it's the first mention in the historical record. And this is where many places in the UK their history starts from the Domesday Book. How long did he rule？He ruled, you said to 1144? Not him personally. He had a couple of children, but it ended during what is known as the anarchy when there was fighting between Matilda who was one of the daughters of the King and her cousin Stephen. Can I just ask, ... dynasties how it works？Is it just one royal house can hold the power can control the country, then they will just rule. Yes. They are usually replaced because they were defeated and chased away or killed.Well, yes. In the early history. But in many cases, particularly more modern history is because there's no heir, so it goes to another Royal House. 所以更近的历史干脆没有人,后继无人了, 只能是到另外一个 Royal House. I see. So that leads us now to our next Royal House, the Plantagenets. The Plantagenet. 这个词非常罕见, 就专门我只在英国历史里面见过叫做金雀花王朝. Plantagenet, is that the name of a flower？ It's a French name of a flower. It's old French. I see. Now the reason why they have a French name is because this Royal House actually ruled huge parts of France, and they were essentially French in the outlook. The most famous King of this period was Richard, the Lion Heart. 狮心王。 Who went on the Crusades and fought for Jerusalem. 就圣战, the religious Crusade. He was a particularly bad king. He didn't actually like England. And according to the stories, he didn't actually really speak any English. I think it was not the only time in European history where a Royal House that doesn't really speak the local language ruled the local people. It does happen quite a lot, but his brother, King John. Now that is an interesting character. He was famously bad, wicked, unpopular. And he was so unpopular, he actually led to the Magna Carta being signed. 大宪章 。Why？ Because his Nobles were so angry with him that they wanted him to sign the Magna Carta to guarantee their rights. But King John didn't really think much of this and he probably ignored it and they carried on fighting. I see. Now the Plantagenets

"欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~" In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is Unbanked. Even if you don't follow up on any financial news, I'm sure in the past couple of days, you have seen the headlines about the Silicon Valley bank collapse. 即使你完全不关注金融新闻, 相信在过去的几天内也刷到了美国硅谷银行倒闭的信息. Now this has triggered a lot of discussions even fear about the security of banks. 今天的buzzword我们不讨论新闻, 就来说说和银行有关的词Unbanked. 这个词没有特别正式的官方翻译, 基本上你可以把它理解为 “没有银行账户的人”. Now it's easy to assume that with the world's digital financial services advancements that everyone today has a bank account, but this is far from the truth. According to the World Bank's latest report, nearly 1.4 billion people are unbanked globally. That's close to 1/5 of the global population. 在听节目的大家可能每天用着各种的移动金融/移动支付, 会觉得这个世界上所有的人都至少会有银行账户, 但实际上这个世界上有将近14亿的人口是属于unbanked的状态. Unbanked is an informal term for adults who do not use banks or banking institutions in any capacity. 指的就是不使用任何银行或者银行机构的成年人. While often an issue in the developing world, there are also pockets of unbanked adults in developed countries. Unbanked people generally pay for things in cash. They also typically do not have insurance, pensions, or any other type of financial money related services. 这一部分的人口他们通常都只能用现金或者一些其他的方式进行交易, 同时也基本上不会有保险, 养老金等等专业的和银行相关的服务. They may take advantage of alternative financial services such as check-cashing and payday lending if such services are available to them.那需要钱的时候, 他们有的时候会通过check-cashing, 支票兑换, 或者一个叫做payday lending, 发薪日贷款, 也就是承诺说用你下一次发的薪水来偿还你现在的借贷这样的一个短期的金融服务. Now remember earlier I said there is also unbanked population in developed countries. However, there is no doubt that there is a widening disparity between the world's developed and developing countries when it comes to banking services. According to the UN’s report, in 2021, developed countries have 94% of adults with a bank account, while in developing countries that figure plummets to 71%. There is also a divide between men and women with more women in the unbanked population. 除了没有银行账户Unbanked这个词, 其实还有一个相关的词汇叫做Underbanked. This refers to families who have checking or savings accounts, so these basic accounts, but they more often rely on alternative financial services such as money orders, check-cashing services, payday loans as opposed to traditional loans and credit cards to manage their finances. 这个Underbanked相当于说是银行业务使用率不足, 这样的家庭他即使有基本的银行账户, 与其选择这些传统的银行借贷或者是信用卡, 他平时的一些金融需求可能更多的会去选择, 比如说像money orders汇票以及我们刚才说的发薪日贷款或者是支票兑换等等服务. Now you probably want to ask why people become unbanked, because it sounds very inconvenient. Now according to the Global Findex survey, people who remain unbanked, they give specific reasons. The most common one is simply lack of money. Another reason is some unbanked adults said that they just don't need an account, some others state that bank accounts are just too expensive. And other reasons include distance, documentation requirements, distrust in the financial system and religious concerns. According to surveys in developed countries, including the US and UK you can hear some similar reasons for being unbanked. This includes cost of opening bank accounts or managing your finances at a bank, lack of trust in mainstream banking institutions or simply people's lack of financial literacy or knowledge of banking products.

《小酒馆·大世界》-世界各处的文化和精彩，在小酒馆触手可得哦~ 欢迎关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，可以查看更多精彩内容，查看英语全文稿哦~All right. As we're coming sort of to the end of our Brad in Japan Series, I've heard that you also bought properties in Japan, and I say properties not just one house, but you've bought multiple. And... Yeah, I bought two.OK. How was the process? Was it difficult foreigner to buy properties to buy houses, flats in Japan? It wasn't so difficult, buying a flat is going to be more difficult simply because there's like a kind of a group, you know, like an apartment complex group where... because everyone owns the property and so you're being brought into that group of people and you're all living together within the same complex.And so that can become a problem, especially with like paying for the apartment fees and things like that nowadays you can't send money very easily without being like a resident of Japan. So if you live here, buying a flat is great, but if you don't live here, I would probably not suggest that now. But buying a house you don't have to do those monthly fees and you don't have to deal with like that group and so......on the land.It's actually much easier, yeah.As far as like buying property goes, it's quite a simple process as long as you have everything taken care of. They... not something... I have seen like stamps being used in China, right, like in the US we don't use stamps. But like in China people use stamps like when you always stamp a document. In Japan they also stamp documents and you have to have like a registered stamp with the government to do things. If you're a foreigner, you can use your signature, but you actually have to go to your embassy and get a special like notarized document saying that this is your signature in order to do it. But aside from that, if you have money, cash is king so to say, as long as you have the money to buy the property, you can buy the property.I see. So it sounds like you really got it sorted in Japan like you're assimilating quite well, you're enjoying your life there. But for sure there are frustrating moments, no?Yeah, I just dealt with like a whole month of a frustration after a frustration.Oh, wow. And I needed a few documents, so I could apply for a program that I wanted to enter, I was gonna enter a motor sports engineering program.I had my mom sent me a bunch of stuff and got lost in the mail, like the package had got damaged. It was like held up for an extra 10 days. And when I got the package finally, it didn't have one of the most important documents, my birth certificate. Either my mom had lost it and forgot to send it or it was taken out of the package or fell out of the package when it got damaged. Like everything kind of like got set back and I got a PDF copy of a new birth certificate in which took a little bit of time. Then I had to do all the translation and stuff. And so I'm already late on... not really late, but getting really close to the deadline of having to submit all my documents. The last thing that I had to do was make a payment for all my test fee and entrance fee and everything. I went to the post office because I don't have a bank account, I have a postal savings account, which is essentially the same thing. It's just at the post office and that's the closest to my apartment.So that's what I use, but that the document that I was supposed to use had a place for a stamp and the post office doesn't do stamps because they're not a regular bank. They told me that they couldn't send the money and it's like, okay, I went to the bank. The bank was closed early. Banks already closed really early, they close at like 3pm. 3pm?I went to the bank. There's actually one bank that's open later, but it's not even remotely close to my apartment. So I went to the bank, the bank was closed. I'm like, so what am I going to do? I contacted the school and they said well, try to pay at the convenience store.

《小酒馆·大世界》-世界各处的文化和精彩，在小酒馆触手可得哦~ 欢迎关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，可以查看更多精彩内容，查看英语全文稿哦~This idea in Japanese called Yutori Sedai, like宽松世代. So basically people who were born, I think after 1985 or 1987, 就是85后90后日本的这一代, because they enjoyed a more relaxed educational system, there was less competition. So I think as you described, they are probably more focused on work-life balance, a little bit more compared to the older generation, for example, like their parents generation. Yeah.And the other thing about the work, I don't know about the US, I think to some extent, China is a bit similar to Japan in this… in terms of the seniority, 这种论资排辈, although we don't call them前辈后辈, but this whole seniority thing, is it still very pronounced in Japanese culture especially at work？Very much so, it's one of those things that's ingrained in people from elementary school, you have the Senpai and kōhai relationship. 就前辈后辈. Do they actually like people would actually call you Senpai？If you were for example in the company a few years before they…I do hear people saying Senpai I never hear people referring to someone as kōhai, but I do hear Senpai on occasion like sometimes it's almost seemed as a little bit dirty to say the words Senpai.Get your mind out of the gutter. That's something that I hear like occasionally people are like er?...but no, like people will use the word occasionally, but there is kind of like this idea where you're a Senpai if you are older than another person or you're a Senpai if your position is higher than another person, sometimes it's kind of difficult to know where is the relationship if you're quite a bit older than the other person, they are supposed to treat you with respect. But then if you have a higher position than them in the company and they're supposed to treat you with respect, but you can't do both. You have to kind of choose one depending upon the situation, right？And so that can kind of be difficult. The subtlety of the language, actually, let's talk about language, I know that you have been learning Japanese for years. How is your Japanese？I just passed one of my proficiency exams. I got the equivalent to N2, which is I almost scored high enough to get N1 and which is actually quite high. So as far as like my speaking goes, I would say that's maybe a little bit lower than like my reading and my listening, but that’s because I haven't lived in the country for so long, but I would say my speaking has actually gotten quite a bit better over the last year. That's something that does come with living in the country.Of course. It is quite a difficult language to learn and some aspects... especially for Americans or English speakers. Yeah. Just on a side note, I have heard Brad speaking Japanese, you're pretty much fluent. When I travel to Japan, if I meet up with Brad, I have to rely on him a lot of the times if I have difficulty explaining myself in Japanese. So you're fluent pretty much, would you say?Close enough.But you just mentioned, it's quite a difficult language for English learners like for Americans. What are some of the major challenges？Is it Kanji, 是汉字的原因吗？Kanji is one of the things that's difficult. I would say it's a mixture of the Kanji and the Grammar. Like when you compare Chinese and English grammar they're quite similar. Everything stays in the same place. I eat apples. 我吃苹果. But in Japanese, it's I apple eat.And very often you don't say I anyways, you just say apple eat.

"英文小酒馆致力于打造沉浸式英语学习社群，无论是微信社群、有声节目、线上活动和课程，我们都全心全意为爱好英语的你带去一份专属于英语的快乐。微信公众号: 【璐璐的英文小酒馆】 查音频节目文稿，了解广阔的世界。跟随我们的脚步，体会英语的温度。" Hi, everyone. And welcome back to Happy Hour. 欢迎回来酒馆. Tomorrow is going to be International Women's Day again. 明天就又是国际妇女节了, you know that every year we do an episode dedicated to this special occasion. So far we've introduced to you some badass truly outstanding women, explored the obstacles faced by women, and also talked about the changing beauty ideals. This year I would like to do something a bit different. Now I'm sure you've noticed recently the word feminism has been trending on social media due to a very high profile interview. 相信大家最近都在社交媒体上不断看到女性主义feminism这个词吧？ Actually ages ago, we did an episode on feminism, the history of it, the origin, and also the different waves of it. Now as we're increasingly talking about this idea, I thought it would be great to focus on that this year. Now maybe when you are talking about feminism, both in Chinese and in English, sometimes you get stuck on certain words, terms, descriptions.So in this Women's Day Special, let me give you a crash course on the essential words and terms in feminism. 所以就借用上野千鹤子教授的一本书的名字, 咱们今天就来做一期《从零开始的女性主义关键词》. Now before we get into today's content, I would like to state that this crash course is about words and terms, and how they're used in the context of feminism, it's not really about personal opinions. If anything, my aim for making this particular episode is so that you know how these words are used, so you're able to use them in your future conversations to voice your own opinions on the matter. So let's get started with the origin of the word “feminism”. 首先来说说 feminism这个词的起源, 前些年在中国它还经常被翻成 “女权主义”, 后来因为各种各样的原因, 现在它更多的被翻成 “女性主义”. But this word was borrowed from French “féminisme” around 1837; It was first recorded in English in 1851, but it originally meant the state of being feminine. It was only from 1895, feminism started to carry the meaning of advocacy women's rights. 而这个词从法语借到英文之后, 一直到1895年之后, 才开始有 “推崇提倡女性权利”的意思. In short, feminism is a social theory or political movement which argues that legal and social restrictions on women must be removed in order to bring about equality of the sexes in all aspects of public and private life. And notice here, the emphasis is on equality of the sexes, not privileges. 所以女性主义从一开始倡导的就是 “平权”。 Now to talk about feminism, obviously, you have to talk about gender. I know a lot of people might get confused with the word “gender” and “sex”, and true sometimes they can be used interchangeably. But the World Health Organization describes Sex as characteristics that are biologically defined; whereas Gender is based on socially constructed features. So gender has a lot to do with society and its definitions. Another key concept here is Gender Roles. When we talk about gender roles we're talking about men would have a role in the society and women would have a different role in society. A social role encompasses a range of behaviors and attitudes that are generally considered acceptable, appropriate or desirable for a person based on that person's gender. For instance, if we say “boys don't cry” or “girls shouldn't lose their temper”, we're emphasizing gender roles. And when these gender roles are very solid, they become gender stereotypes, 特别强调性别角色的时候, 他们就会变成Gender Stereotypes, 性别刻板印象. Gender stereotypes are a set of preconceptions regarding the role of the certain gender in society, and gender stereotypes often end up causing individuals harm and distress.So if you don't fit gender stereotypes in your society and your culture, you might get a lot of pressure and negative comments. 比如如果一个社会认为男人就一定要在外面闯出一番事业, 那么即使是你愿意当家庭主夫, 家庭也非常幸福, 依然会被别人贴标签, 认为你是 “软饭男”. That is the harm of gender stereotype. 反之那些说 “女性只有生了孩子才完整”, “只有做贤妻良母才是女人的本分”同样是gender stereotypes.

《小酒馆·大世界》-世界各处的文化和精彩，在小酒馆触手可得哦~ 欢迎关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，可以查看更多精彩内容，查看英语全文稿哦~I have to say Onsen ( 温泉)... not a similar experience, but my first time in an Onsen hotel, what I didn't know was they asked me and my friend when we wanted to have breakfast, so when we checked in, it was late at night, they asked us when do you want to have breakfast? I thought it was just a general question, you know, like when you stay in a hotel, they remind you, Ok, our breakfast is only available from 7 to 10 that sort of thing. I was exhausted so I said eight, eight thirty, nine, and then I later on realized it wasn't like a buffet breakfast. They actually set the table for you in a big banquet room kind of thing, and they put your name, put your name tag on this big table where they put all of the food there. But then the following morning I was so exhausted, both me and my friend, we didn't wake up; and when they knocked on our door and say, for example, Lulu Sama ( ), like you expect, like when are you gonna come for breakfast, breakfast is ready. So I just like go away I'm still sleeping. No, I was not that rude, I was just saying sorry, I don't think we'll be having breakfast. The following morning after that, we found out that the breakfast was served in that way. We felt so embarrassed because they must have set the table and then we said no worries, we're not going. I have had that experience at a hotel in Fuji before. Most of the hotels I stay at are a little bit cheaper, so they don't usually have breakfast in the morning, but when I go to Mount Fuji like I usually stay at a little bit nicer hotel, so they do have that and I have had that experience before as well. Yeah, I mean, these are the interesting or bizarre experiences we have when we're traveling, right? Because it's completely different from your idea of common knowledge, common or common sense. What about the size of things? Because many people, especially if they're from Europe or North America, they're a bit taller. So they complain or not complain, but they observe that everything is a bit too low for them, like the shower head is too low or the bathtub is too tiny. What about your experience? I have had an issue with the shower head before, but it's usually not a problem, usually the shower head is high enough. I think the size of the food though sometimes can be a bit small. I do like that in restaurants in Japan though you can oftentimes get like a lot of side dishes. And so if you're still hungry, or you know, if you're gonna be a little bit hungrier, you can order a few more extra dishes. But sometimes they do have really big food in Japan and that's something I kind of, I see like normal dishes are really small but then you go to some places and they have like the mega dish and you're like what? Yeah and they also like mega dish show, sort of like reality show where very skinny people going around eating mega dishes. Like it's just so contradictory, you go into a restaurant, you have this tiny little bowl, you can just fit in the palm of your hand and then you go to the next place and they just have something it's just like... I couldn't even finish that. 10kg of meat in one dish. Because Japan is, they also rank very high in extreme eating worldwide I think. Yeah, they do have the all you can, like Viking buffets, but usually there's a time limit. So that's something I find kind of interesting. In the US there's no time limit on buffets. In Japan they usually have like a 90 minute or 2-hour time limit. So they don't go bankrupt. I think it makes total sense. You're talking about like Tabehoudai (餐食无限量) or Nomihoudai (饮品无限量) 就是所谓的“放题”, 写出来汉字是放题, 也就是all you can eat, all you can drink, that sort of thing. They do set a time limit. So if you ever go to Japan, that's something to keep in mind. Actually that brings us to the topic of food. What do you think of Japanese food or Japanese diet? You talked about food portions and all these ordering of ...

"欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~" In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is Social Media Detox. Nowadays we're pretty much glued to our phones, especially those social media apps. They are always there waiting to devour our attention. 说句实话, 咱们现在绝大部分的人都是低头族, 而且很多人在用手机的时候都会用大量的时间去刷各种社交媒体 social media, that constant pressure to always be online on social media, always post the best pictures, best moments, it can be so overwhelming and also time consuming. In addition, if you are sensitive and struggle with your self esteem, social media can feel very toxic at times. 这样每天大量的刷社交媒体, 不光会占用你很多时间, 而且如果你是那种比较敏感或者对自己不太自信的人, 社交媒体可能会给你带来极大的焦虑. Whether it’s seeing what feels like a gallery of “perfect” bodies, or seeing people who seem to be constantly succeeding in life, it can be really hard not to feel bad about yourself.社交媒体上那些随处可见的高颜值、高收入、才华横溢的人生赢家, 很难让咱们这样的普通人不感觉到焦虑重重. But social media is not real life. As much influence, or seeming influence, it has, it’s a curated and selective sample of what’s actually going on in the world.但实际上社交媒体它反映的并不是真实生活, 或者说至少不是普通人真实生活的全貌, 他只不过是精挑细选下来的那些高光时刻. And many people are beginning to discover this. There has been a recent trend of people consciously reducing their social media use and they call it Social Media Detox. 这也就是我们今天的Buzzword-社交媒体排毒.And a social media detox is a conscious elimination of social media use and consumption for a set period of time. 在一定的时间内有意识的去停用社交媒体. Generally, most social media detoxes are 30 days, so a month, but some people do 7 days or even a year-long social media detox.Ideally, you’re completely eliminating social media use and consumption. This means deleting and removing all social media apps from your phone, and in some cases where it’s possible, temporarily disabling your social media accounts.

《小酒馆·大世界》-世界各处的文化和精彩，在小酒馆触手可得哦~ 欢迎关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，可以查看更多精彩内容，查看英语全文稿哦~Hi everyone, and welcome back to Global Village. 欢迎回来【小酒馆·大世界】. But this time instead of inviting a new guest speaker to come on the show, we are talking to one of our own regulars. 如果你听过Geek Time或者是来上过酒馆的口语直播课程, 就肯定知道他,资深 geek-Brad, welcome back Brad. Hey, how's it going, Lulu? I'm good. I heard that your life has changed quite a bit. You're in Japan now, right? That's right. I'm in Kyoto. Oh, one of my favorite cities in the world, so I thought it would be interesting to talk about your experience in Japan because you plan to stay there long term, correct? Yeah, probably, that's the whole point. So could you, first of all, give us a little bit of an explanation or idea or ideas of your current life? Like when did you move to japan? What are you doing right now? Sure. Currently I'm living in Kyoto as I mentioned, I moved here just about a year ago, I think it was about 10 months ago. I came here on a student visa. I'm studying Japanese. I just passed one of the Japanese language proficiency exams that's gonna help me with my future. But I've just been studying full time and then working part time teaching on the side while I do that. So in the future, am I to assume that your plan is to get perhaps another degree in Japan and then maybe find a job there and then just settle down?Yeah, that's pretty much the plan, I've been looking at schools. I'm in engineering, I really like cars and racing, so I kind of wanna combine my engineering and my knowledge of cars, so I have to get some sort of like certification or degree to do that. So I've been trying to apply for engineering schools related to cars or some sort of car related program like motor sports engineering. I see, that's pretty cool. I mean you do have engineering background anyways, right?Right. I have a degree in electronics engineering. Okay. So I thought it would be fun in the next few episodes. Let's make this a series to talk about your experience in Japan, because Brad, you have a quite unique experience. You're born and raised in the States, you are an American, and then you lived in China for, on and off, for a decade. Yeah, 7 years, the first time; and then 3 years, the second time. OK.And now you're moving to Japan. There are lots of cultural comparisons, cultural topics that we can explore. But first things first, why Japan, like when did you become interested in Japan? Was it a childhood thing or what was it like? I kind of became interested in China and Japan at about the same time. I grew up in a really small town in America. There is only about 7,000 people. So there was no like outside foreign influence there whatsoever; and every now and then I would just see like a kungfu movie with like Jackie Chan or Gordon Lew or like a Japanese Samurai movie with Toshiro Mifune; and I just kind of became like who are these people and where are they from? Like, why don't I see this in the US?It looks so cool, the kungfu thing, martial arts. So did you actually learn Asian martial arts like kungfu or maybe like karate as a child or as a teenager? Yeah, after the karate kid movie came out in my childhood, I learned karate for a while.Then I moved, so I couldn't continue that. But I did start learning like Taekwondo for a while; and then once I found a school for kungfu, I learned kungfu for about half a year or so, but I didn't really have time for it. I got a job. And then I saw school that did like Brazilian jiu-jitsu, which is like a Brazilian form of a Japanese martial art. And then when I moved to China, I did 咏春拳.So you're just like really into martial arts. Yeah, I also did kendo when I was in the US and then when I was a student in Japan, I did that as well. So I've done like a variety of different martial arts through the years. For those of you who don't really know what kendo is, 就是日本的剑道. That just sounds like you have always been interested in the same type o

【Geek Time】-“极客”时间，和“科技宅”Brad一起聊神秘有趣的“黑科技”“高科技”“硬科技”。欢迎关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，可以查看更多精彩内容，查看英语全文稿哦~Welcome back to Geek Time Advance. This is Brad. Welcome back, Lulu. Hi, Brad. So I thought we'd continue on with talking about some of the issues with ChatGPT. I think in the previous episode, we focus mostly on how great it is, how different it is from some of the earlier chat bots. But there are some really obvious problems. One of the things is, have you read the news about some schools already starting to ban ChatGPT in school, in university, in tests?One of the issues with ChatGPT is that when you give it a math problem, for example, it can give you the answer, but not only that, it can show you the work for the problem. So all you have to do is just copy down what it tells you to do. And so you don't even have to go online and find if someone's answered the question before on a database somewhere. Because ChatGPT would work for you. It's the perfect cheating machine. Yeah. And you can also use it to write essays; and it goes online and it basically pulls information from all the stuff and then creates an essay for you. Yeah, actually I watched a short video of a short interview with Chomsky, you know, 乔姆斯基, one of the most famous linguists and linguistic experts in the world. He basically calls ChatGPT a form of high tech plagiarism. You could say that. That's what you're talking about, right？Writing essays, basically I can… as a student or as a researcher, I probably can just lay back enjoy whatever I enjoy and then let ChatGPT write my essay for me. Exactly. Like people basically can write down information about their own experience. But rather than do that, you can use ChatGPT to go online and just write down other people's experiences for you as if it that your own. But will you get found out？Oh, yeah.You know that some professors or some universities they have developed their programs to check whether you have plagiarized your work or not. 就是那种论文查重的.What about essays written by AI, by ChatGPT?They're creating AIs that can detect whether or not an AI took a picture or created a picture, I should say, or wrote an essay. There’re usually telltale signs whether or not something was written by an actual human or written by an AI. Human beings. Why do we make life so difficult for ourselves？And yet so easy.I know. So we created AI technology like ChatGPT to write our essays for us, but then we have to create AI programs that will detect whether the essays are written by AI or not. It's a mouthful. I'm also worried about the scams. In deepfakes are a big issue nowadays especially as they get better and better. You could call someone and they could imitate your voice and look like you, and ChatGPT like software can be used to make deepfakes look more realistic. I've seen some of the deepfake videos that is scary. So guys, if you don't really know what's that like, imagine that they can steal your face or they can create a human being that does not exist, like an expert that actually is not a real human expert, but then using AI technology, using deepfake, this person can look very realistic and they can use your voice as well, use your pattern of speech. And now that they're using your voice and they're using your patterns of speech. They're coming for your jobs. That's another concern, isn't it？People like, oh no, ChatGPT is gonna steal our jobs. What do you think？Right now, ChatGPT is doing some things like editing code and can even write some python code.So like it's getting kind of crazy what it can do. So it's probably not going to write high level code that people need for bigger programs. But definitely editing code is something that takes a lot of work. And it can help out with that. It probably can replace certain jobs. I'm not sure if it's completely but like I said earlier, customer service, for example. Yeah, customer service is a big thing. Data processing is something that's probably going

通过本张名著，你将获得：西方国家名著必读清单45集音频+逐字稿+图文良心制作精选文化贴士/名人轶事介绍/金句提炼/修辞手法分析故事情节浓缩精华来自璐璐和安澜不一样的见解和解说优雅英音Quotes跟读Hi everyone, and welcome back to酒馆. One piece of good news, 我们的新专辑上线了, Season Two of the Bluffer's Guide to English Literature. 【英文名著扫盲班】第二季.In the previous episode of the intro to Season II of The Bluffer's Guide to English Literature, Anlan and I talked about the books we've chosen, and we're going to continue with the book list today.And similar to Alice, we've also got another story of a young person who is coming of age.Which is very, very, very, very long.Very long but a classic, David Copperfield.《大卫·科波菲尔》. You're British. You pretty much have to talk about Dickens.I do, and David Copperfield was Dickens’ favorite book, he actually says this is my favorite book.It's…perhaps it's because it's a partly autobiographical. Yeah. So in this episode, we're going to be talking about his background. And we'll also be talking about a very long plot, which is almost like a soap opera.Yeah, to compare David Copperfield and the modern-day soap opera, you probably can get into the story a lot more.Yes.Now I know how much you like a good story with very, very clear beginning, climax and the end.Yes.

通过本张专辑，你将获得：西方国家名著必读清单45集音频+逐字稿+图文良心制作精选文化贴士/名人轶事介绍/金句提炼/修辞手法分析故事情节浓缩精华来自璐璐和安澜不一样的见解和解说优雅英音Quotes跟读Hello again欢迎来到Happy Hour英文小酒馆。关注公众号璐璐的英文小酒馆，加入我们的酒馆社群，邂逅更精彩更广阔的世界Hi everyone, and welcome back to酒馆. One piece of good news, 我们的新专辑上线了, Season Two of the Bluffer's Guide to English Literature. 【英文名著扫盲班】第二季.Yeah, hi Anlan.Hi, Lulu, hi everyone.Did you enjoy recording about all those books with me？Of course, I did. It was great to talk about some of these books, particularly the ones that I like, but I did actually learn a lot from the books that you like.其实之前【英文名著扫盲班】第一季上线的时候, 我们就已经做了一个发刊对谈了, 对吧？发刊词. We talked about why we enjoy reading, why we love literature and why literature is so important for language learners and for those who want to understand a little bit around the culture of the English speaking world.So in this episode we're going to talk a little bit more about the books we have chosen. In particular, why we have chosen them.因为我们在第一季的时候已经录了那种很正经的发刊词, 然后里面也说了我们各种各样的理念, philosophy.So I thought season two, we can still use those philosophies, but we're going to add an extra episode, a little bit more fun episode to tell you how we've come to choose these ten books for the second season.Yes. It involves lots of discussion, lots of arguments between Lulu and me.Lots of fights.Lots of fights, simply because there are so many books we want to choose. So what we do is each of us comes up with a list of ten books we want for the album.Yeah.Now Lulu's taste in books is a bit strange. Personally, some of these books I don't really quite understand, but my books are really, really good.I could say the same thing.我跟安澜在选书的时候, 基本上会同时考虑这种top booklists, and also our own preferences and our own experiences. And we do have very different tastes. After we share with each other, our ten book selections, we kept saying to each other, why did you choose that book？Yes. So how we select them is after having arguments, we do try to choose an example of some of the most popular genres, not to mention the books that really have a following even to this day, so that they do appear in cultural references all the time.Yeah. So you don't have to worry, although 安澜 and I have very, very different tastes in books but the books we've ended up choosing they're all very, very well-known books.Basically the starting point as with the first album is if these books are parodied in TV shows like The Simpsons, we put them on the list.只要是被辛普森一家恶搞过的, 就证明他足够的有名.Yes.

"欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~" In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is Situationship. Now we've just gone through Valentine's Day, did you celebrate with your significant other？Are you still single？Or are you in a situation where you are dating someone but it's not exactly a relationship. You and your partner have fun together and may even be intimate, physically and emotionally. But you haven't made a commitment to each other or even discuss the future together. 我相信很多人既不是那种婚姻爱情幸福甜蜜的状态, 也不是母胎单身, 而是有约会对象, 但是似乎就是那种若即若离, 没有确定下来的关系. Now you have the exact word in English to describe just that. 所以今天的Buzzword我们就来说说, 英文里用来形容 “友人以上, 恋人未满” 的这个词Situationship.Situationship is a combination of situation and relationship. So if you are dating someone, but when people ask you whether you are in a relationship, your answer is well, it's complicated. Then you're probably in a situationship. Let's look at the definition first, less than a relationship, but more than a casual encounter or friends with benefit, a situationship refers to a romantic relationship that is and remains undefined. 其实要说situationship它最大的特点就是还没有定性, 两个人在一起很亲密, 会做很多恋人做的事儿, 但是并没有所谓正规的名分, 也没有正式的讨论过将来. And apparently this is becoming a trend, especially in the young generation. Now if you look at the society nowadays, our expectations of relationship has changed. People are getting married later in life and many people are eager to explore relationships in a less structured way without pressure to commit as they prioritize self-knowledge and developing as individuals.那之所以situationship会成为一个潮流, 主要是因为现代人特别是年轻人的婚恋观出现了很大的改变. 人们越来越晚婚, 而且比起感情婚姻承诺这些东西, 更愿意去考虑个人自身的发展.Especially Gen-Z, 特别是Z世代, 也就是相当于中国的95后00后, they take an especially pragmatic approach to love and sex, and subsequently aren't prioritizing establishing committed romantic relationships the same way their older peers once did. 他们对于婚恋性爱的观点倾向于更加实用主义, 用句更通俗的话来讲, 可能就是谈恋爱不如搞钱重要.

【Geek Time】-“极客”时间，和“科技宅”Brad一起聊神秘有趣的“黑科技”“高科技”“硬科技”。欢迎关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，可以查看更多精彩内容，查看英语全文稿哦~Hi, everyone. And welcome back to Geek Time. 欢迎回到【Geek时间】. Hi, Brad. Hey, Lulu. What are we going to talk about today？What is the top trending topic in geek world？Good, something I found recently a lot is ChatGPT. That's all the fad in China as well. 如果大家关注, 哪怕你不是特别关注Tech的新闻, 最近应该都经常看到 ChatGPT. 怎么说呢, 就是一个聊天机器人的这么一个概念吧, to dumb it down, would you say ChatGPT is a chat bot? In its space form, you could say it's a chat bot. Let's start with the basics. Chat, we understand. But GPT. Yeah, GPT means generative pretrained transformer. That's a big word. That's a mouthful. 中文直译是生成式预训练转化模型, can we actually break it down？I mean a lot of our listeners probably don't know like me don't really know much about this. So generative, first of all, 生成式what does that mean？Means to be able to generate something or create somethingSo like when you talk to ChatGPT, they are able to create dialogues. All right, create new content. Pretrained obviously means it's been trained using AI technology or some relevant technology?It's a form of AI, it's been trained to perform particular tasks and one of those tasks is doing chat. But so it's basically… it's trained to generate some sort of chat. OK, and transformer?So it takes information that it has access to and transforms it into something new. I see. I actually did my own little research preparing for this topic. Just tell me if I'm understanding this correctly, it's called ChatGPT, basically it's a chat model that's using GPT-3, GPT-3, it's like a neural network what they call it. It's a neural network. It's their third generation of their current GPT model. 所以其实可以理解为是用GPT-3就是三代GPT的神经网络模型, 然后创造出来的这么一个ChatGPT, 类似于聊天机器人, 人工智能聊天的这么一个存在. But this is definitely not the first prototype for chat bots, right？There were many before, I used certain chat bots, but they were all a bit, for lack of a better word, dumb. This chat bot is something a little bit more than original chat bots. It can chat with good precision. It can write essays or scripts for a book or a movie. Wow. You can think of it as being like the ultimate fan fiction writer. 可以写同人志的那种.

"英文小酒馆致力于打造沉浸式英语学习社群，无论是微信社群、有声节目、线上活动和课程，我们都全心全意为爱好英语的你带去一份专属于英语的快乐。微信公众号: 【璐璐的英文小酒馆】 查音频节目文稿，了解广阔的世界。跟随我们的脚步，体会英语的温度。" Hi, everyone. And welcome back to happy hour, 欢迎回来酒馆. It's that time of the year, isn't it？ It's time for a Valentine's, no, anti-Valentine's Day special.又到了一年的情人节或者说是反情人节特辑, well love it or hate it, it happens every year. Just about as soon as the calendar turns over, love is in the air; or to be more precise, in the shopping centers, restaurants, bars, on all sorts of e-commerce platforms and all over social media.Throughout early February, you can't turn around without seeing boxes of chocolate, Teddy bears holding a heart and all sorts of Valentine's Day decorations.Loved by some, loathed by others, Valentine's day is widely regarded as the ultimate day of cheesy, unapologetic romance. So whether you go all out, splurge on the luxury Valentine's Day experience for you and your sweetheart, or you prefer to go low key, just ignore the holiday together; or if you are hopelessly single.I'm sure at some point, you've wondered about the origin of Valentine's Day where did it come from？Now I know a lot of people in China would say it's a western holiday, but where in the West and when, and most importantly how? While some may be vaguely aware that the occasion takes its place from a famous person called Valentine or Saint Valentine, they may not be acquainted with the full history of Valentine's Day. 可能有人知道西方的情人节是圣瓦伦丁节, 就是有一个人叫圣瓦伦丁. The history of Valentine's Day actually finds its roots in ancient Rome and it's not as rosy and romantic as you might want to believe. So in today's episode, let's dig deeper into the un-romantic history of Valentine's Day. So one thing to keep in mind, saint Valentine actually could refer to several people. We don't really know which saint Valentine the holiday technically celebrates. The Catholic church has records of at least three different martyrs named Valentine or Valentinos.

Hello again欢迎来到Happy Hour英文小酒馆。关注公号璐璐的英文小酒馆，加入我们的酒馆社群，邂逅更精彩更广阔的世界Hi everyone, and welcome back to Famous Brits Under the Microscope【英伦名人八卦堂】. Hi, 安澜. Hi Lulu, hi, everyone.We haven't done this for a while.No, it's been a really long time since we last did this segment. But I thought today I want talk a little bit more about the gossipMhm. We talk about the great people from British historySo boring...You can get a bit boring.Okay.Today I want to tell you about probably one of the worst kings we ever had.It's not the great, it’s the infamous.Exactly. And this was George IV.George IV. 乔治四世, I'm really bad at history, so remind me.So George IV reigned in the early 19th century, but he was most famous for being the Prince Regent.就是摄政王, 是不是Blackadder 里面, in Blackadder Hugh Laurie that character.He was the Prince Regent, and this was also the Time of Jane Austen.And we still talk about the regency as a time of architecture, art, literature, good manners. But it's named after somebody who was not a very nice person.And his time that was... when he had the power, when he's on the throne that was called the regency. That's right, 叫摄政时期, if you look it up in Chinese.So it starts with him being born in1762, his father and mother were the king and queen obviously. And as a child, even though he was a good student, he wasn't stupid, he was more interested in luxury, eating, drinking, and partying. He was incredibly lazy.So it's basically someone born with really not just silver spoon, was like diamond spoon.Well put it this way. He got around￡14 million a year as allowance from the king and also from parliament.￡14 million?In today's prices, in 2022.And that was just allowance?That was just his allowance, but even with that amount of money, he was constantly in debt. He was overspending.What did he spend it on, partying? drinking? How much could he drink?

欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~Hi everyone, and welcome back to Buzzword Mix. 欢迎回到我们的迷你双语板块【新词特饮】, 短短几分钟让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资. In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is Gamification. Now I don't know if you have noticed, but nowadays whatever you do, whether you are studying or you are exercising, or you are using any sort of APP, there are always certain settings that make you feel like, am I actually playing a game？可能大家也注意到了, 各种各样领域的APP, 它都会有一些特别像游戏的设置, 比如说什么积分、排行、奖励, so let's talk about this word in today's Buzzword-Gamification. 所以今天的Buzzword, 我们就来聊聊「游戏化」. Gamification, obviously from the word game, gaming, is the strategic attempt to enhance systems, services, organizations, and activities by creating similar experiences to those experienced when playing games in order to motivate and engage users. 游戏化很好理解, 为了吸引参与者或者使用者提升他们的参与度和驱动力, 在非游戏的语境里加入游戏的元素和体验. This is generally accomplished through the application of game design elements and game principles in non-game contexts. 更具体的就是在非游戏的语境里加入游戏设计的元素以及游戏的一些规则. Gamification is part of a persuasive system design, and it commonly employs game design elements to improve user engagement, organizational productivity, flow, learning, crowdsourcing, knowledge retention, so on and so forth. 它可以用到的领域非常的多, 从普通的提升用户参与度粘性到知识的宣传, 提升组织内部的生产力, 工作流程, 甚至可以用在比如说政治性的宣传或者说众筹项目等等场景. Now while you think this might be a very new idea, games and game-like elements having used to educate, entertain, and engage for thousands of years. It's just that nowadays with our smartphones and apps, we're able to do it much more engaging. So here I'm going to share with you some of the most classic game elements used in Gamification. These are Points, Badges, and Leaderboards. 在各种游戏化设计里面万变不离其宗的三个大类就是积分Points, Badges 徽章, and Leaderboard排名榜.Points are used as visual identifiers of progress in sports, reward cards and video games. Badges display achievement, whether from service in the military or a gold star on school report card.Leaderboards are used across sports, sales teams, and in general life to present competitive placement. So a little bit of healthy competition and a sense of accomplishment is really what gamification is all about. 其实说来说去游戏化的根基, 除了那些花里胡哨吸引人眼球的design之外, 更多的是唤起人们的一种好胜心以及人们对于成就感的渴望.

不论是海外求学，国际旅行，接待外宾还是跨境业务洽谈中，你是否满腹干货，想做中华文化使者，但又苦于无法用英文表达？语言，不仅能让你看到更广阔的世界也能让你在更大的舞台发出自己的声音。酒馆特别板块： China Story【用英语，说中国】，双语播出，适合不同段位的你。让我们一起，讲述有趣有料的中国故事。添加luluxjg2获取全文稿哦~~What Is Lichun?According to the traditional Chinese solar calendar, there are 24 solar terms in a year. Lichun is the first solar term. Lichun is the day when the sun is exactly at the celestial longitude of 315° (i.e. 45.66 days before the spring equinox). The date of Lichun is not fixed to one Gregorian calendar date, but it always occurs on February 3rd, 4th, or 5th, mostly on February 4th.立春，为二十四节气之首。立，是“开始”之意；春，代表着温暖、生长。 二十四节气最初是依据“斗转星移”制定，当北斗七星的斗柄指向寅位时为立春。现行是依据太阳黄经度数定节气，当太阳到达黄经315°时为立春，于每年公历2月3-5日交节。 明代作品《群芳谱》对立春解释为：“立，始建也。春气始而建立也。干支纪元，以寅月为春正、立春为岁首，立春乃万物起始、一切更生之义也，意味着新的一个轮回已开启。在传统观念中，立春有吉祥的涵义，标志着万物闭藏的冬季已过去，开始进入风和日暖、万物生长的春季。《史记.天官书》(The Records of the Grand Historian)：“正月旦，王者岁首，立春日，四时之始也”，立春为四时之始。中国古代一些著作将立春的十五天分为三候：“一候东风解冻，二候蜇虫始振，三候鱼陟负冰”，说的是东风送暖，大地开始解冻。立春五日后，蜇居的虫类慢慢在洞中苏醒，再过五日，河里的冰开始溶化，鱼开始到水面上游动，此时水面上还有没完全溶解的碎冰片，如同被鱼负着一般浮在水面。Lichun HistoryThe history of the 24 solar terms dates back three millennia. They were used for farming in China since the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC), but, according to some experts, the 24 solar terms were only used for the first time in books during the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC – 9 AD).廿四节气是上古农耕文明的产物，它在我国传统农耕社会中占有极其重要的位置。The beginning of spring was of great significance to farmers in ancient times, as it marked the beginning of a new year’s work. Major celebrations and traditional Lichun activities were handed down by the generations. Traditional Lichun CustomsThere are still some traditional activities held on the day of Lichun, especially in rural areas.

【Geek Time】-“极客”时间，和“科技宅”Brad一起聊神秘有趣的“黑科技”“高科技”“硬科技”。欢迎关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，可以查看更多精彩内容，查看英语全文稿哦~Welcome back to Geek Time advance. This is Brad. How are you doing Lulu?Hi, Brad.So we're going to continue on with our discussion of Star Wars and Star Trek. Have you actually gone and watched any of the episodes like you were supposed to?Well, there's so many of them, so many movies and episodes of the tv series, I promise I'll try to sit down and watch them. All right. But seriously, what is the big deal? I mean last time, obviously you walked us through the two series, the two settings and all the plot lines. But you still haven't really explained why is it so important in geekdom or in geek culture.When you look at Star Trek and Star Wars, these two and then you have Doctor Who in the UK, they’re what really paved the way for people to accept sci-fi as a genre.There have been lots of sci-fi classics out there. The Time Machine, The Invisible Man, there's been lots of sci-fi literature, but it's always kind of had the stigma in the literary world where you're, it's not real literature so to say.But with the Star Trek and Star Wars, you get a lot of people who are actually looking at Star… or its science fiction as an actual genre that should be kept as an important genre in literature. I mean when I was in university, we had a class and we could choose like a particular subgenre. I chose the sci-fi when I did it because that's what I was really into, and that's something they probably wouldn't have done 20 years before that. I see. So basically these three, the three big ones, Star Trek, Star Wars, Doctor Who, they sort of kind of like brought sci-fi to the forefront, and legitimized the role of sci-fi in literary world. I mean, like, when you look at the world as it is today, we've... in the last 20, 30 years, there has been so much change when it comes to technology that people really understand the value of sci-fi and what sci-fi has been telling us. And so people are actually looking at this, ‘Okay, We should actually not just look at literature and what literature says about the world, but we should start looking at sci-fi more specifically.’Yeah, honestly, I have to say, although I'm not like a huge fan of sci-fi, but I can certainly see the point of sci-fi. I think a lot of really like the classic sci-fi tales. They are like cautionary tales almost. They talk about humanity, scientific progress, and how… many of the ethical dilemmas in scientific development.Yeah when you look at sci-fi, if we kind of look into even if it's a Doctor Who but like we look at the way species are treated in Star Trek and Star Wars, we do see a lot of that those ethical dilemmas even when it comes to the way robots are treated in Star Trek. There was a whole episode we were deciding whether or not AI should be considered as conscious if it gets to a particular level, right? When you watch Star Trek and Star Wars, you'll see the majority of beings are humanoid in one way or another.So they behave like humans or they look kind of like humans.They'll maybe emulate a particular group of people that we might see in the world now, but like the majority of it is kind of this whole idea that most life out there will probably look like us in one way or another. They might have more arms or more legs or more eyes. Maybe they won't have ears like we know it. But they'll have some sort of body that we can understand, right?It's a very human centric perspective, isn't it? It’s like how we imagine aliens and extraterrestrial beings, this is all based on how we look.Right. And that's when it comes to what science used to think is that when you look at the building blocks of life that humans would or that animals would have to look something like us. If you look at most animals on the planet, mammals at least, mammals have really similar bone structures. When you compare them, you can kind of say, oh this is how this mammal bone structure became

【Geek Time】-“极客”时间，和“科技宅”Brad一起聊神秘有趣的“黑科技”“高科技”“硬科技”。欢迎关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，可以查看更多精彩内容，查看英语全文稿哦~Hi, everyone. And welcome back to Geek Time, 欢迎回来【Geek时间】. Hi, Brad. Hey, Lulu.Quick question: Star Trek or Star Wars? I'm kind of in the middle. I love both. I know a lot of people when they think of Star Trek and Star Wars, there is always this divide where you're either a Trekkie or you're a Star Wars fan. But for me, I really, I love both. Now to our listeners for 70-75% women, I know this is probably a very geeky topic. Now, I know many of you watched things like Big Bang Theory or some other comedy where you constantly hear the reference to Star Wars and Star Trek. Star Wars星球大战和Star Trek 星际迷航, 这两个都成了一个梗了, 经常能在很多喜剧里面看到.Whenever they appear in comedy, it's always people who are into them, they're really, really into them. And people who are not into them, just don't get it; and they are like the “geek tag” right? That’s the geek badge of honor, almost.They are the kings of geekdom.Yeah. In these 2 episodes, we're gonna talk to Brad, a seasoned geek, 资深geek. What is the big deal about Star Wars and Star Trek? I think with Star Trek that came first. Well actually when you look at sci-fi, Doctor Who 《神秘博士》of course came before that, but Star Trek in the U.S. at least started in the 60s in a kind of in the late 60s. But it's been on TV for the majority of the time since then or in a movie format one way or the other. Star Trek was originally kind of like this show was a one-off adventure every time they were going to a new world. Like a self-contained, right?Right. A new civilization, like the whole tagline was “to boldly go where no man has gone before,” right? They have this whole idea where you could watch any episode and you wouldn't really be lost. You'd be able to understand what was going on. Nowadays, it's kind of moved into this more serial nature where you have to watch from the beginning to the end. And that's one of those things that has kind of...it’s a developing plot. Right. That's kept people more focused on the show rather than just being casual watchers. It gets people to watch it from week to week. Okay. But it's Star Trek, this whole idea is that it's about the scientific journey. There might be some things that seem really fantastical and you're like this must be magic. But the end of every episode they show you how it somehow has to do with scientific and there's a scientific reasoning behind it. That's kind of like the magic of Star Trek. This is why it's sci-fi. It’s not a fantasy, because everything is somewhat based on scientific reasoning, right? Yeah. Now, I just make you watch it sometime.

不论是海外求学，国际旅行，接待外宾还是跨境业务洽谈中，你是否满腹干货，想做中华文化使者，但又苦于无法用英文表达？语言，不仅能让你看到更广阔的世界也能让你在更大的舞台发出自己的声音。酒馆特别板块： China Story【用英语，说中国】，双语播出，适合不同段位的你。让我们一起，讲述有趣有料的中国故事。岁寒三友 The Three Friends of Winter时至岁末，万物冬藏。风雪之中，有几种植物挺霜而立、凌寒飘香，给寒冬增添别样的美丽，给人们带来绿色的希望。The Three Friends of Winter is an art motif that comprises the pine, bamboo, and plum. The Chinese celebrated the pine, bamboo and plum together, as they observed that these plants do not wither as the cold days deepen into the winter season unlike many other plants. Known by the Chinese as the Three Friends of Winter, they later entered the conventions of East Asian culture and Vietnamese culture. Together they symbolize steadfastness, perseverance, and resilience. They are highly regarded in Confucianism and as such represent the scholar-gentleman's ideal.严寒时节的三位友人，具体指松、竹、梅三种植物。在中国传统文化中，有些植物因其自然属性而被赋予某种人文蕴涵。松、竹四季常青，历冬不凋；梅花凌霜傲雪，美丽绽放。三者都不怕严寒，在严寒中展现自身的生命力和自然美，宛如在严寒中相伴生长的好友，故被世人合称为“岁寒三友”。在历代文人骚客的不尽吟咏之中，被赋予顽强刚毅、坚韧不拔、高洁坚贞等精神品格，点亮了中国人的精神世界。 When the famous intellectual Su Shi' was exile to Hubei. With help from a friend, he built a small residence on a parcel of land. Not only did he grow crops on the land, he also planted pine trees, bamboos and plum trees. 北宋大文豪苏东坡遭到权臣排挤，被贬至黄州(今湖北省黄冈县)。为了解决经济困难，苏东坡自己开垦了一片荒地，种植稻、麦、桑、枣等农作物。不久，他又在院子里种上松、柏、梅、竹等花木。When his friend visited him and asked Su whether he felt too lonely and isolated in the winter with no one around. 一次，朋友来看望他，见他的居所冷清萧瑟，便打趣地问他坐卧起居，满眼看见的都是雪，是不是太寂寞，太冷清？Su laughed that said:“风泉两部乐，松竹三益友。” how can I be lonely when everyday I enjoy the symphony of the breeze and babbling spring and the companionship of my three friends of winter;清风吹拂和泉水淙淙的声音就是两曲优美的音乐，枝叶常青的松柏、经历寒冬而不雕谢的竹子和傲雪绽放的梅花，便是相伴严冬最好的朋友。

不论是海外求学，国际旅行，接待外宾还是跨境业务洽谈中，你是否满腹干货，想做中华文化使者，但又苦于无法用英文表达？语言，不仅能让你看到更广阔的世界也能让你在更大的舞台发出自己的声音。酒馆特别板块： China Story【用英语，说中国】，双语播出，适合不同段位的你。让我们一起，讲述有趣有料的中国故事。中国古人如何保暖的？Temperature adjustable room daubed with pepper mashDuring the Qin (221-206 BC) and Han (206 BC-220) dynasties, temperature adjustable rooms emerged in royal families. Royal court had larger and well-equipped rooms, with fireplaces and "Fire walls" that were attached to the stove. They were basically the rudimentary forms of radiator and kang bed-stove.秦朝时，在贵族以及皇宫内又出现了“壁炉”和“火墙”等用以取暖。壁炉里主要是用烧炭来御寒，并且将出烟孔放在室外，避免炭烟中毒。另外在秦兴乐宫遗址中还发现了火墙的做法，即用两块筒瓦相扣，做成管道包在墙的内侧，与灶相连通，已经具备了火炕、暖气的雏形。Imperial palaces such as Changle Palace and Weiyang Palace in Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 24) had temperature adjustable halls. It is said that the "temperature adjustable hall" was built with pepper mash daubed on the wall, embroidery tapestries hung on the wall and a thick carpet paved on the ground. Windshield screens and wild goose feather-made curtains were also used to keep cool air outside.汉武帝时建立了一座温室殿，位于前殿之北，冬天时供皇帝居住，在殿内设有各种防寒保暖的特殊设备，《西京杂记》记载：“温室殿以花椒和泥涂壁， 壁面披挂锦绣，以香桂为主， 设火齐云母屏风，有鸿羽帐，地上铺着西域毛毯。”未央宫温室殿是公卿朝臣议政的重要殿所。Back in the days, only the empress’s palace was built with pepper mash on the wall, hence the name “椒房殿”(The palace of pepper houses) . For a long time, only the empress or the most favored concubines could enjoy this special privilege, making 椒房 the symbol of power in the inner palace.而皇后的宫殿则主要通过花椒和泥涂抹来取暖，被称为“椒房殿”。当然，到后来，“椒房”几乎成了皇后的代称，成为后宫女权的象征。Ground heating systemDuring the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1912）dynasties, a ground heating system was used indoors, which was built by concreting circular flue underground. The charcoal fire smoke would flow through channels to the whole room and raise the temperature indoors. The ground heating system enabled the room heat up evenly and mildly. As the fiery pit and smoke jack was set outdoors, the heating method was safe, clean and practical.The ground heating system wasn't invented by Ming and Qing dynasty people. It emerged as early as Wei and Jin dynasties (AD 220-420). The historical record shows that the northeast part of China had used fire pits to keep warm during that time, which functioned similarly as a ground heating system.

关注【璐璐的英文小酒馆】+小助手【luluxjg2】获取全文稿不论是海外求学，国际旅行，接待外宾还是跨境业务洽谈中，你是否满腹干货，想做中华文化使者，但又苦于无法用英文表达？语言，不仅能让你看到更广阔的世界也能让你在更大的舞台发出自己的声音。酒馆特别板块： China Story【用英语，说中国】，双语播出，适合不同段位的你。让我们一起，讲述有趣有料的中国故事。The four cuisines we talked about in the previous episode were the four major cuisines of China before the Qing Dynasty, which is why they are collectively known as the Four Great Traditions of Chinese Cuisine (Lu, Chuan, Yue, and Su). Think of the next four cuisines as the newcomers, established around the end of Qing Dynasty to form the major eight.5. MIN (FUJIAN) CUISINE (闽菜): Min Cuisine is from the southeastern coastal province of Fujian. It features the best that both land and sea have to offer. Like most of the cuisines on this list, there are several sub-styles.In the capital city of Fuzhou, the food is light and fresh. Farther from the coast, in western Fujian, there are more meat than seafood dishes. In southern Fujian, you’ll find Hokkien cuisine, which has influenced (through migration) the cuisines of Southeast Asia and Taiwan. There is also Putian cuisine, which has a focus on seafood. 由于福建人民经常往来于海上，于是饮食习俗也逐渐形成带有开放特色的一种独特的菜系。闽菜以烹制山珍海味而著称，在色香味形俱佳的基础上，尤以“香”、“味”见长，其清鲜、和醇、荤香、不腻的风格特色，以及汤路广泛的特点，在烹坛园地中独具一席。福州菜淡爽清鲜，讲究汤提鲜，擅长各类山珍海味；闽南菜（厦门、漳州、泉州一带）讲究佐料调味，重鲜香。故此闽菜形成三大特色，一长于红糟调味，二长于制汤，三长于使用糖醋。In many parts of Fujian, a meal is not a meal without a soup. Their most esteemed soup—also perhaps the most famous soup in China—has a very unusual name. “Buddha/Monk Jumps Over the Wall” (佛跳墙).The name suggests that it’s so tantalizing that a monk would break all restraint and jump over the monastery wall to have a taste!It takes a few days to make this soup, with several very expensive ingredients from both land and sea. Some include jinhua ham, chicken, pork, mushrooms, fresh bamboo shoots, abalone, sea cucumber, dried scallops, and dried fish maw.With all these extravagant ingredients, you can expect to pay an arm and a leg for a bowl. The broth is clear, but the flavor is equally delicate, rich, and powerful. 佛跳墙通常选用***、海参、鱼唇、牦牛皮胶、杏鲍菇、蹄筋、花菇、墨鱼、瑶柱、鹌鹑蛋等汇聚到一起，加入高汤和福建老酒，文火煨制而成。成菜后，软嫩柔润，浓郁荤香，又荤而不腻，味中有味。Fujian cuisine also uses rice wine to make “drunken” dishes, fermented rice wine to make brines, and fermented red yeast rice sauce to braise.

关注【璐璐的英文小酒馆】+小助手【luluxjg2】获取全文稿Year of the Bunny 癸卯兔年-水兔-黑兔 Year of the Water Rabbit根据天干地支推算出，2023年属于癸卯年，癸属水，卯为兔，故有了“水兔年”的说法。同时，在五行当中，白色-金、青色-木、黑色-水、红色-火、黄色-土，因此，“水兔年”也被唤作“黑兔年”。Rabbit, HareRabbit and Hare are two species in the same family. Get to know Rabbit: • The large = Flemish Giant （up to 13kg）• The small = Netherland dwarf rabbit (between 0.5 – 1.13kg)• A baby rabbit is called a kit/kittens, a female is called a doe and a male is called a buck. • Rabbits are very social creatures that live in groups. They live in warrens – a series of tunnels and rooms that they dig underground.• Their teeth NEVER stop growing! Instead they’re gradually worn down as the rabbit chews on grasses, wildflowers and vegetables – meaning they never get too longRabbit symbolismRabbits almost always symbolize prosperity, abundance, good luck, and fertility.1. In most European cultures, rabbits are springtime animals, symbolic of fruitfulness and renewal. 2. The connection between rabbits and spring is also found in Japanese culture. 3. Rabbits are the luckiest of the Zodiac animals in China, according to Chinese astrology, rabbits are predicted to be gentle, quiet, elegant, and alert as well as quick, skillful, kind, patient, and very responsible, faithful .4. In the U.S., rabbits are symbolic of cleverness, devotion to self-improvement, and good luck. But they are primarily seen as trickster animals by Native American cultures. 5. Many Central American peoples see rabbits as symbols of fertility, Aztec mythology associates rabbits with drunkenness and promiscuity.Terms of endearmentHoney bunny Snuggle bunnyDust bunnyGym bunnySnow bunny Beach bunnyIdioms related to bunnyRabbit foodBreed like rabbitsPull a rabbit out of the hatpull a rabbit out of (one's)/the hatDown the rabbit holeAs mad as a March hareFamous rabbits in artsAlice in Wonderland（The White Rabbit） 【爱丽丝梦游仙境】里的白兔先生 Peter Rabbit 【彼得兔】Bambi (Thumper) 【小鹿斑比】里头的Thumper Bugs Bunny 【兔八哥】Zootopia （Judy Hopps）【疯狂动物城】里头的兔子朱迪和兔兔有关的成语发奋强，扬眉气，飞猛进，前似锦辞旧岁，跃新程

不论是海外求学，国际旅行，接待外宾还是跨境业务洽谈中，你是否满腹干货，想做中华文化使者，但又苦于无法用英文表达？语言，不仅能让你看到更广阔的世界也能让你在更大的舞台发出自己的声音。酒馆特别板块： China Story【用英语，说中国】，双语播出，适合不同段位的你。让我们一起，讲述有趣有料的中国故事。+luluxjg 或者关注工号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】领取精美文稿。Chinese regional cuisines are amongst the many different cuisines found in different provinces of China as well as from larger overseas Chinese communities.These styles are distinctive from one another due to the factors such as availability of resources, climate, geography, history, cooking techniques and lifestyle. One style may favor the generous use of garlic and spring onions over chilli and spices, while another may favour preparing seafood over other meats.一个菜系的形成和它的悠久历史与独到的烹饪特色分不开的。同时也受到这个地区的自然地理、气候条件、资源特产、饮食习惯等影响。HistoryAs early as the Shang Dynasty (17th century BC - 1046 BC) and Zhou Dynasty (1046 - 256 BC), China’s dietary culture has taken shape. 商周时期，中国的饮食文化开始初具雏形。In the Song Dynasty (960 - 1279 AD) , the northern and southern food already had their own characteristics. The interesting fact is, back then, it was the North that favored sweet flavors while the South went for more savory options. 早在宋代的时候，中国各地的饮食已经有了区别。《梦溪笔谈》（The Dream Pool Essays）卷二四中记录到：“大底南人嗜咸，北人嗜甘。鱼蟹加糖蜜，盖便于北俗也。”在当时，中国的口味主要有两种，北方人喜欢吃甜的，南方人喜欢吃咸的。By the end of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644 AD), Chinese cuisine started to divide into three distinctive styles based on cuisines of Beijing, Suzhou and Guangdong. 南宋时候，北方人大量南迁。逐渐地，北方的饮食文化影响了南方。在南方地区形成了自己的派系。到了明代末期，中国饮食分为京式、苏式和广式。京式偏咸，苏式、广式偏甜。Historically, the Four Great Traditions(四大菜系) of Chinese cuisine are Chuan, Lu, Yue and Su, representing West, North, South and East China cuisine correspondingly. However, in modern times the list is often expanded to the Eight Great Traditions (Chinese: 八大菜系)By the early Qing Dynasty (1644 - 1911 AD), four most influential cuisines prevailed. What are the four main styles of Chinese cuisine at that time? They are cuisines of Shandong, Sichuan, Guangdong and Jiangsu respectively. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, the four new cuisines - Zhejiang cuisine, Fujian cuisine, Hunan cuisine, and Anhui cuisine appeared; together with former four cuisines, they were listed as “8 Chinese Cuisines”.到了清代的时候，徐珂所辑的《清稗类钞》中记载：“肴馔之各有特色者，如京师、山东、四川、广东、福建、江宁、苏州、扬州、镇江、淮安。”后来概括为鲁、川、粤、苏四大菜系。清末民初开始，闽、浙、湘、徽等地方菜也逐渐出名，就形成了中国的“八大菜系”。后来形成最有影响和代表性的也为社***公认的有：鲁、川、粤、苏、闽、浙、湘、徽等菜系，即被人们常说的中国“八大菜系”。

"欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~" In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is F.I.R.E. 不是 “火” 这个词, 而是F.I.R.E, abbreviation, it refers to financial independence, retire early, 财富自由, 早早退休. Sounds exciting, doesn’t it？Who wouldn't want financial independence at an early age so that we can just retire. 这几年大家的日子都过得挺紧巴, 但你再往前倒几年, 经济形势比较好的时候, 其实身边还是有很多人在讨论财务自由的, 比如说知乎上就有很多帖子问, 在什么北上广深要实现财务自由需要多少钱？And usually people would give an astronomical number, but actually this F.I.R.E in English might be slightly different from your understanding of财富自由. So let's dive right into it. The F.I.R.E movement is a lifestyle movement with the goal of gaining financial independence and retiring early. 它其实是有关于生活方式的一种风潮或者运动. The model became particularly popular among millennials. In the 2010s, gaining traction through online communities, via Information shared in blogs, podcast, and online discussion forums. 在10年左右是最火的时候, 差不多也是那个时候国内有很多关于财富自由的讨论, 而最热衷于讨论他们的就是millennials千禧一代, 我原来说过, 基本相当于咱们的80 90后。The main ideas behind the F.I.R.E movement originate from the 1992 bestselling book, Your Money or Your Life, as well as the 2010 book Early Retirement Extreme. These works provide the basic template of combining a lifestyle of simple living with income from investments to achieve financial independence. 财富自由运动, 它倡导的就是通过相对简单的生活方式以及各种投资性的收入, 也就是非工作的收入来实现财富自由。In particular, the book Early Retirement Extreme describes the relationship between savings rate and time to retirement, which allows individuals to quickly project their retirement date, given an assumed level of income and expenses. 2010年这本书里还详细的帮你计算了你的收入、开支以及你退休时点之间的关系. 也就是说只要你用它的公式, 就可以通过现在的收入和开支算出你几岁能退休。And this movement kind of also led to the increasing popularity of side hustling. Because this is also seen as a path to accelerate financial independence. 这个财富自由的运动也带火了, 我们之前提到过的比如说side hustling副业这样的风潮. 因为大家会觉得如果有side hustle就能更快更早地实现financial independence. In essence, the F.I.R.E movement is about deciding when you want to stop working, often earlier than traditional retirement ages, then saving up to live your ideal lifestyle when you get there.In China, when we think about financial independence, we think it's a life of luxury. 在国内一般人提到财富自由, 很多人都会觉得说你一定要特别有钱, 要资产过亿. But actually the original F.I.R.E movement in English speaking world, it recommends three main lifestyles you can aim for.

＋ luluxjg2 或者工号 璐璐的英文小酒馆索取【闲话英伦】系列精美文稿啦Hi everyone, and welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话英伦】. Hi, 安澜. Hi, Lulu, hi everyone. So what are we going to talk about today?As many of you know, I've recently gone back to London. And I was walking around London and I just suddenly thought it might be interesting to talk a little bit about how London developed, and in particular, how it used to smell. How it used to smell? Yes. Okay. So I was walking along the Thames and it got me thinking about medieval London and Victorian London and what it was like back then. In London today is pretty clean I would say, especially considering it's a bustling metropolis. Yes, I wouldn't say it's like the cleanest city in the world, but actually there's so many trees in London that technically according to the United Nations’ own standards, London is technically a forest. All right. One thing that did get me is that the Thames, everyone knows the Thames泰晤士河, Thames is… I don't know if it's dirty or… the color is just it's very brown. It is very brown. But actually it's a very clean river. The reason why it's so brown is because it's a tidal river. It's close to the sea, it’s an estuary. So lots of the mud and the soil is being washed down the Thames; and also you have the tides coming in from the sea. So basically, it's more muddy than anything else. So it's not contaminated or polluted, it’s just the mud. No, no, there's lots of fish that actually are able to live in the Thames. But you mentioned that London used to smell, when was that?It got really, really bad in the Victorian age. And if you go back, imagine that you're walking down the street in London in the mid-19th century, the first thing you would have noticed was the mud. So there were no like pavements?There were pavements, but the actual main road was covered in mud. Now, most of that mud though, was not actually mud. It was dung. From the horses?From the horses. In the 1890s, the city's horses were producing 1,000 tons of dung a day. Wow, they sure crap a lot. Yes, the horses. You can imagine back then there were young children who were paid to try and scoop up as much of the dung as possible to free up the traffic, and they'll sell that dung to farmers. Yet the other thing about the Victorian times, Victorian London, was that there were a lot of child laborers. Yeah, and there's also a lot of poor people. In some areas, particularly more affluent areas, wealthier areas of London, there used to be men that would stand by the roadside and you would pay them. So what they would do is when you wanted across the road, they will shovel the dung out of your pathway. And they were essentially like human traffic crossings. They had to shuffle the dung away, the manure away, so that you can walk. Otherwise you just walking on horse shit.Pretty much, and also back then as well the reason why I said it was really, really bad was because London grew incredibly quickly. Sewage was rudimentary, and there weren't many sewers instead cesspits were used. 所以那个时候下水管道是没有的, 或者说基本上非常basic. Yeah. And they just have cesspit for all the sewage.And it used to get really, really bad because you had to pay people to climb in and dig out the cesspit, they were called night soil men. Isn't it quite dangerous? I mean, it happens, especially in the rural areas, I think not that long ago. If you had this cesspit and then if people fall into it, they could really die. A lot of them did. It was a profitable work because they would sell the waste to farmers. And there was also a rule that you could find… wherever you found you kept. So if there's any loose change or coins or jewelry that dropped in and it was yours, but it was very, very dangerous work. And also you have to pay them. So you can imagine if you didn't have that much money or you were a bit cheap, what would happen?

＋ luluxjg2 或者工号 璐璐的英文小酒馆索取【用英语说中国】系列精美文稿啦Hi everyone, and welcome back China Story, 欢迎回来【用英语说中国】, it has been a while.Today is the Little New Year in Chinese culture. 今天是小年了, 确切说是北方的小年, 南方应该会晚一天. The major celebration of the Chinese New Year is just around the corner and I bet many of you are taking stock of the year we just had and getting ready to ring in the new one. And may I just say: What a year! 相信经历了诸多起伏诸事不顺的2022年，大家都迫不及待想要翻篇儿了吧。过去的三年可以说关键词就只有一个: The COVID-19 pandemic，新冠疫情。那么今天，趁着小年，咱们就来聊聊中国文化里的：瘟神。 瘟神usually translated into God of Plague or God of Pestilence, is a god or group of gods responsible for illness, plague, and disease in Chinese folk religion. 瘟神或者叫疫病神, 是中国乃至东亚民间信仰中的瘟疫之神。In some belief systems, 瘟神(Wen Shen) is identified as a single entity who commands wen spirits; in others, the term is used for a grouping of several distinct gods.各地信仰的瘟神其实并不一致, 可以是一位也可以是几位神的组合. In the olden times, when medical knowledge was not yet as advanced as today, people believed that plagues were caused by evil spirits. In order to ward off these epidemic spirits, protection gods were worshipped that were thought to dispel the plague.瘟疫其实就是急***病, 在古代民智未开医, 疗条件比较低劣的情况下, 大家对于这种可怕的疾病恐惧至极, 甚至很多的时候认为是鬼神作祟, 因此也会祈求神灵保护. And this could be found in many different cultures. Now we call them God or Gods of Plague or Pestilence, but initially, there weren’t gods at all. In fact, there were more considered evil spirits. Three to be more precise.

"欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~" In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is Brain Fog. I think by now, most of you have already recovered from Covid, while most of your symptoms might have disappeared already, some of you might still be experiencing some lasting after effects. 相信听我们节目的大部分小伙伴和我一样都已经 “阳康”了, 虽然可能大部分的症状都已经没有了, 但阳过之后可能会有一些持续时间更长的后遗症。 For example, you might still be coughing a little bit. For me, personally, I feel like my sense of smell is not as sharp as before. In addition to this, some people have been complaining that their brains seem to have slowed down a bit. So I thought it would be a good idea to talk about this buzzword relating to covid, Brain Fog. 中文直接翻译成 “脑雾”。 I'm pretty sure many of you have heard of this expression both in Chinese and in English, but actually brain fog isn't a medical term. It's a term used for certain symptoms that can affect your ability to think, you may feel confused or disorganized or find it hard to focus or put your thoughts into words. 所谓的 “脑雾” 其实并不是一个医学术语, 只是大家对于认知能力受到一定影响, 喜欢用的这么一个口头表达。To be more specific, this might include a range of symptoms. 它的具体症状包括,仔细听听看, 看你有没有躺枪:Poor concentration, especially difficulty in multitasking and following conversations. 比较难集中注意力, 特别是multitasking几件事情同时进行的时候尤其明显, 而且有时候跟人说话感觉跟不上节奏; feeling confused, 喜欢犯迷糊; thinking more slowly than usual;forgetfulness, 健忘; mental fatigue, 精神疲累; fuzzy thoughts, 脑子里面就好像一团雾,感觉什么东西都模模糊糊的。Brain fog can feel similar to the effects of sleep deprivation or stress. 即使身体完全健康的人, 也可能因为睡眠不足或者压力过大出现brain fog. It's not the same as dementia and does not mean structural damage to the brain. 不用太担心的就是, 这种脑雾和真正的失智或者痴呆症是完全不同的, 这并不意味着你的脑子受到了结构性的损伤。Now there are a number of factors and health conditions that can cause brain fog, including lack of sleep, increased stress levels.会造成脑雾的原因, 除了我们刚才说到的睡眠不足或者说压力过大, 还可能包括depression抑郁, dementia痴呆症或者失智, perimenopause女性的围绝经期也就是绝经前的时期, medication服用的某种药物, hormonal conditions 激素水平的变化。 For example, some women might complain about brain fog during or right after the pregnancy. 俗话里说的什么 “一孕傻三年” 其实也跟 brain fog有点关系. And of course, one other factor that can cause brain fog is a viral infection such as COVID-19. 当然还有一个很重要的原因就是病毒性感染, 比如新冠。While recovering from COVID-19, some people experience brain fog, symptoms may vary and change over time. It's not just people who were hospitalized with coronavirus who can develop brain fog. It's a common part of long COVID.新冠所引起的脑雾, 不光是那些危重症在医院里的人才会出现, 很多得过新冠的人也会出现这种long COVID, 所谓的长新冠, 也就是新冠的一些后续问题后遗症, 脑雾就是其中之一。Many people who have recovered from the acute life-threatening effects of COVID-19, but still report that they don't feel that they're thinking and memory back to normal. 这也就是很多人可能已经没有了其他那些更严重的, 甚至危及生命的新冠症状, 但是仍然觉得他们的思维和记忆力都没有恢复到之前的正常水平。You can think of the brain fog as a networking problem with communication between the various parts of the brain becoming compromised by either direct injury from the virus itself or from immune system over activation that leaves us simmering, but gradually fading inflammation behind in the brain. 更具体的来讲会出现这种脑雾, 其实是因为你的脑部的各个部分, 由于受到了病毒的攻击, 仍然在恢复的过程中, 也可能是在病毒攻击下, 你整体的免疫系统被过度激活, 所以在脑部仍然留有一些炎症反应的后遗症。A COVID-19 infection and its inflammatory aftermath jolt the intricately coordinated neural networks in the brain and disrupt the flow of Information.新冠感染的本身以及它后续的一些炎症的反应, 都可能一定程度地影响我们的脑部, 也就让我们传递信息的这些通路出现了一些不顺畅。The good news is that the vast majority of patients with the post COVID-19 brain fog recover completely over the course of 6 to 9 months.

关注工号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取全文逐字稿和更多好文哦Hi everyone, and welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话英伦】Hi, 安澜.Hi Lulu. hi everyone. Last time we were talking about Oxford from the Oxbridge combo. So today let's talk about Cambridge, 牛建里的剑桥. Yeah, absolutely. I think a lot of people in China, their first association with Cambridge is 徐志摩，is再别康桥. I've actually been to the memorial in Cambridge. So 康桥就是Cambridge, but it's just like a different translation. Now Oxford and Cambridge, Cambridge is later, right? It was founded later. Yeah, Cambridge is relatively new, because it was founded in 1209. Relatively new. Well, relatively.So Cambridge is quite similar to Oxford. There is no campus and the colleges are spread throughout the city, so it's made up of about 31 colleges with over 150 different institutions all within the university. So like Oxford which is located in Oxford city, Cambridge, it's also its own city. Cambridge is a city, and just like Oxford, it's got lots of people who live there. There's lots of it's actually quite a lot of service industries in Cambridge. So lovely city as well. It's a beautiful city. I would say Cambridge is slightly quieter than Oxford. Oxford is still quite close to central London. Cambridge is a little bit further out and there's a lot more countryside around Cambridge. And how far is it from London? There's about 2.5 hours. So it's a bit more out there. It is a little bit more out there, yeah. And I remember we were talking about most of your Prime Ministers graduated from Oxford. So, I remember you mentioning that Oxford is more humanities and Cambridge focuses a little bit more on science. Yeah, it's not as clear cut as that, but Cambridge does have a really strong scientific background. So for example, the Cavendish laboratory is one of the most famous in the world, in particular, for physics and biology, so it's really famous, even though it's quite new, it's 19th century, but this is where the electron, the neutron and DNA were discovered.Impressive. But having said that, it's not all science because I know that there is something theatrical going on in Cambridge.Yes, you have the really famous amateur theatrical club, footlights. I don't know. Hugh Laurie?Yes, Hugh Laurie, John Oliver, Douglas Adams. So for those of you who have listened to our literature album, we've talked about Douglas Adams and The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, this is where they all started. 对, 我们的名著专辑专门才讲过他的一本书。Yeah, talking about books though, Cambridge has some amazing libraries. There are over 100 libraries in Cambridge and the main one is actually what we call a legal deposit library. What is a legal deposit library? So under British law, every book that is published in the UK and Ireland, Cambridge University library can request a copy of it for free. Oh, so it's more like almost like an archive for record keeping. Yeah, Oxford has the same thing as well. But every book that is published in the UK generally goes to Cambridge University library. So that's about 100,000 books every single year. So that's like heaven for bookworms. I love the bookshops in Cambridge. Imagine being a student going to Cambridge...Oh, God, amazing.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~Hi, everyone. And welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话英伦】. Hello, 安澜.Hi, Lulu. Hi, everyone. 安澜 you grew up as a top student, right？Overachiever. I was certainly kind of… a bit of a nerd. Don't be modest. 安澜绝对是从小是学霸那种. You know that many top students in China, they have... and I believe everywhere in the world, have this certain obsession with top universities. 学霸都有那种顶尖名校情结。I think pretty much every student they think about the top university, they want to try to aim for that. Especially the top students. So I thought we can talk about some top universities in the UK. Now when I think about, and I think I speak for a lot of people, when we think about famous universities, in the UK, we think Oxbridge. 中文也叫牛剑, 英文也叫Oxbridge, 把这两个学校拼在一起, 对吧?We do think about Oxbridge, and I guess if we have to speak about them...Yes, because 安澜 did not go to Oxbridge.No, but my university was okay, was good. But I wasn't smart enough for Oxford, but my university is also still ranking in the top three or top five. 对安澜去的UCL (University College London) 也一般都是排名top three的, 有几年还超过了 我记得是超过了Cambridge, there were a couple of years. I can't quite remember exactly when. But nonetheless, let's talk about Oxbridge.Okay.Let's start with oxford.It's good that we start with Oxford, because that was the first university in the UK. It's actually the second oldest university in the world. The first being in, I don't know, Germany? Italy. So the first university was in Italy, and then the second oldest is Oxford. And pretty much it's so old that they're not quite sure when teaching began there. Some people say it's around 1096 or so, but people don't really know. 1096, almost a thousand years.Pretty much. It is close to 1000 years old. And you think about all of these students that kept going to Oxford, and you think about all the students from other countries that want to go to Oxford. Actually the first international student arrived in 1190. That's very liberal minded at that time. So you're talking about international students being admitted into oxford so early. What about women?Women had to wait a little bit longer, until 1920 actually. It figures, 1920s. And that's to all the colleges. No, actually all colleges started to admit both men and women from 2008. 2008?Calm down, calm down. It's not banning women from attending these colleges, it's actually banning men. So the last female-only college actually only started admitting male students in 2008.I see. 所以Oxford里面有一个是只收女生的学院. I see. And in 2008, onwards both men and women.That's right. You mentioned colleges. Now is it a case that Oxford is like this big umbrella, basically understanding of university, and then you have different colleges that belong to the university?Oxford University or the University of Oxford has about 39 colleges, which are self-governing. They all have their own traditions in history. But when you think about Oxford as a city, don't think of it as like one big university, it's actually lots of colleges all spread out across the city. So they don't really have the idea of a main campus with a gate. No. It's all part of the main city. And that's pretty much the same for many universities in the UK. You don't actually have a main gate and fences around the campus. It's actually just part of the city. Yeah, even some London based universities, they don't have campus, their buildings are just scattered around London. That's right. Same with Oxford. Actually you mentioned Oxford city. So Oxford is actually a city, a town that many people don't know that, it's not just a university. It is a city. It's a very popular city. It's not very big though. Well, it's still a city.

"欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~" In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is on Unboxing. Now if you're a follower of social media or video streaming sites, you have definitely heard of the concept. 但凡你视频没少刷, 你都一定看到过这种类型的视频, 咱们今天的buzzword Unboxing就是字面意思—开箱。Unboxing is literally the unpacking of products, especially high-tech consumer products where the process is captured on video and uploaded to the internet. 我们说的开箱视频, the item is then also explained in detail and can sometimes be demonstrated as well. 就是大家在小某书小破站上都看到过的那种视频, 一个UP主收到了某个品牌的新品, 然后对着摄像头开箱, 并且一边开一边具体的分享他的感受以及试用的体验。Now you may think Unboxing is a relatively new concept, but actually Yahoo Tech places the first unboxing video to be for the Nokia E61 cell phone in 2006.可能在有些人的记忆里开箱, 也就是近些年来才火起来的, 但其实这种意义上的开箱视频早在2006年就有, 而当时开箱的产品居然是诺基亚, 现在听起来就已经觉得好古早的品牌了。 And according to Google trends, searches for the term unboxing began to surface in the final quarter of 2006. 根据Google trends, 谷歌趋势的数据分析, Unboxing这个词也是从2006年最后一个季度开始被人不断搜索。Now early unboxing videos focused mainly either on gadgets or fashion items, however, once the trend took off, unboxing videos were available for nearly everything that is available for purchase. 最早的开箱视频一般都是电子类产品或者是时尚类的单品, 但现在你也知道, 所有的东西都可以开箱测评。By 2014, the popularity of these unboxing videos were such that some companies have been known to upload unboxing videos for their own products whilst others send products to uploaders for free. 这个风潮被带起来之后, 2014年左右开始, 各种各样的商家也都加入了这个阵营, 要么是自己做起了官方的开箱视频, 要么就是把自己的产品发给那些UP主, 让他们来做unboxing videos. You might ask why are unboxing videos so popular? And yes, they are popular both within China and in other parts of the world. Some people considered that the popularity of unboxing videos is due to the ability of showing the product exactly for what it is without any adulteration advertisers usually make around the product. 有些人就说可能是因为传统的广告片里往往会把这个产品拍得过于的完美, 而真实的开箱视频会让消费者更直观的看到一个产品真实的面貌。And being able to see what the customer is actually getting can contribute to the decision process. Now these influencers who have up loaded the unboxing videos, they have tried to make these unboxing videos more interesting by adding all sorts of special effects or doing them in different ways with lots of creativity. 和网上所有其他的视频一样, 开箱测评这个领域也非常的卷, 简简单单的去开个箱, 已经不足以吸引人的眼球了, 所以各路UP主就各显神通, 加入各种各样奇奇怪怪的创意。They often d***tize it and, in turn, take on a quirky, playful spirit, for example, to unbox a waterproof device, then they take the unboxing underwater, 比如说一个防水的电子产品, UP主就选择水下开箱, 那各种角色扮演玩段子整活更是层出不穷。 Meanwhile, the growth of e-commerce has also been a major factor contributing to the rise of unboxing. 当然电商的越来越火, 也是另外一个重要因素.

+luluxjg2了解详情哦I'm really curious. So 安澜 in the UK for example, do you guys learn or are you required to learn Greek myth in school? To a certain extent, we are told these stories and these stories are relatively well known in the English-speaking world. We're probably not taught to that same extent, it's not like, for example, we have a Greek mythology class. So it's not systematic.No, but we are told these stories. And to be honest for someone who would be kind of well-read or well-educated, there is that understanding that they would at least no parts of the stories? 我来翻译一下更直白的说就是有文化的人你多少都得懂点Greek myths, 就是这也是你文化修养/文化素养的一部分吧. So it's like our other bluffer's guide is one of those things that will make you sound more cultured and more just better read and educated. And also to understand a lot of the references in culture that are related to Greek myths. As we'll talk about in the album, there's quite a few expressions, quite a few words in English that all come from Greek mythology. For example, if you say someone is narcissistic or you can say a beautiful guy being the literal Adonis.Yeah, and we even go into some kind of slightly more advanced vocabulary, slightly harder vocabulary, like for example, Sisyphean.Sisyphean and tantalizing.Tantalizing as well. All of these words we just mentioned have their roots in Greek mythology. That's right. Very interesting stories behind them. Yeah. Yeah, I think that makes Greek mythology still highly relevant. I would say that just from an interest perspective, we really hope that you enjoy the stories because they are entertaining. They are fascinating stories. But also from a learning aspect, the album is done mostly in English with Lulu speaking a bit of Chinese to gloss over some of the more complex parts. There are full scripts as well, but more importantly we're telling the stories in English. Yeah.And also we are explaining these stories impact on western culture. Now let's get into exactly how this album is structured and how is it created or developed. 这个跟我们之前的一些课程不太一样, 就像我们开始说它不是一个那种形式的课程, 就好像两个老师在这跟你讲。首先 Album分为三个部分, 同样的1个故事, 比如说这里面有10个主要的故事, 然后每个故事有3个部分, 第一个部分是安澜的英音纯享版, so it's just 安澜's gentle voice telling you the story. Yes.Just the story. 你可以把它理解为带表情讲述的那种感觉。而且安澜的声音本来就非常gentle, 这个里面就很适合你哄睡。This is your bedtime listening, so hopefully the story will actually put you to sleep. But hopefully not because it's boring. Yeah.然后第二个部分是一个我跟安澜的讲述的部分, 因为你光听 story的话里面会有很多的点, 你可能听不明白, 不管是词也好, 还有包括一些神的名字, 以及他们具体什么样的角色, 以及当时的一些context, 这个里面, 我也会用我最温柔的声音跟安澜一起来讲述和讲解这个故事, 这个部分就会更长, 比那个故事要长很多。Yeah. Both these two sections, we would say we made them children friendly. You remember Lulu saying about some of the Greek myth can be a little bit unsuitable for children. A little bit？Very unsuitable for children. So what I'm doing is I'm telling the story as I was told the story when I was five or six years old. 对, 前面这两个部分, 不管是安澜的纯享哄睡版, 还是我跟安澜的讲解版本, 我们都会用比较温柔的声音, 然后给大家讲的都是一些全家都能听的东西。但是有的小伙伴肯定会说 What about all these saucy bits？What about all these really abnormal or just the interesting things about Greek mythology？那个我们也没有放弃, 这就是为什么每个故事有第三个部分, 我跟安澜把它叫做Lulu and Anlan's What On Earth Were They Thinking？就是他们在搞哪样？在搞什么鬼？ 我们把它叫做【璐璐和安澜的吐槽时间】, 里面有一些让人很费解的一些情节, 一些超级***的或者说三观尽毁的情节，然后我和安澜会用现代人的视角去对他进行一个吐槽。So we're going to be looking at these myths in a more modern way, we would also be telling you the full truth behind these myths as well. So this is probably a section not for children. This is more for adults. I think the more you emphasize on that, the more it makes them want to listen to. Hopefully. Today's children mature early. But I will still feel happier if children didn't really listen to that section. 不过吐槽的环节, 我们会把它跟前面的分开, 因为吐槽环节我们的声音音量, 包括我们说话的方式也会有所改变, 所以就希望不要大家在哄睡的故事听完之后突然开始出现情绪比较激动的吐槽。

Hi, everyone. And welcome back to 酒馆. Hi, 安澜. Hi 璐璐. Hi everyone. We have a piece of good news. We have yet another new album. 我们的新课程其实不是新课程, 就是一个新专辑。 Yes.为什么不是课程呢 ，等一下你就知道了, 因为没有那么正经。Yeah, to be honest, in this we're not really trying to teach in that way. What we're trying to do is we're trying to share something about western culture that is pretty much well known throughout the English-speaking world, but also French, German, and in particular, the Greek speaking world.关子卖的够多了，这个专辑叫做【Story Time With Lulu And Anlan- Greek Mythology】.Yes. 我们把它叫做【璐璐和安澜的晚安故事-希腊神话篇】, 为什么叫做Story Time With Lulu And Anlan? First of all, we're telling stories Yeah. Second of all, in the future we want to expand this to cover other things. Yes, to be honest, this is really a labor of love. Yeah, and Greek mythology is only the beginning. Yes, that's because Lulu and I, we both love stories. This is one of the things that I would say that most of us are like, we love a good story, we love to be told tales, whether or not we're really young children; or whether or not in our cases, a little bit older than that. 不管是儿童还是成年儿童都喜欢听故事。And this is something universal, and it has been like that since the beginning of time. Exactly. I would imagine cave people get together to listen to stories. Yeah. But why Greek mythology, 为什么从希腊神话开始, I know that 安澜 has an answer for all of these questions because he absolutely is fascinated with Greek mythology. Basically we chose Greek mythology because I kept nagging Lulu that we really should do Greek mythology because it's something that I love to talk about. But first things first, what is Greek mythology? 我们知道说希腊神话, 希腊神话, 但希腊神话实际上包括的是什么东西？Greek mythology are the myths and legends of ancient Greece, so they're linked to the Gods and Goddesses of ancient Greece. There are so many stories that have come down through the ages.And these were the stories that were told already in ancient Greece. Yeah, they were used to explain what the world was like, they were used to entertain, they were used to teach; same as mythologies around the world. Now what makes Greek mythology I would say even more special is the emphasis and the impact of Greek culture and later Roman culture on western civilization or western societies. More than a little bit later. But first things first, you mentioned Roman, ancient Rome, 就古希腊, 古罗马, 我的历史不好, 所以我在这上面总是有一些confusion, 特别是有一些神在Greek mythology里面它叫一个名字, 但他到了Roman mythology又叫另外一个名字, 是这样吗？比如说宙斯, Zeus, that's his name in Greek mythology. Yeah, but in ancient Rome, his name was Jupiter. So Zeus and Jupiter that was basically the same character. Yes, I won't go too much into details because it's a bit complicated. But ancient Rome really, really admired ancient Greece. They wanted to base their culture in ancient Greece. I see, so they sort of imitated.

欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is Off-the-Grid.Before we get into this expression, let me ask you a question: when you are slaving away at your work every day or being tortured by all these hustle and bustle of a megacity that you live in, have you ever thought about getting away from it at all and live a simpler life？近些年来在国内也经常看到那种新闻, 比如说什么90后小夫妻卖掉城市里的房子, 然后回归田园生活等等。It’s a nice dream for a lot of people. 所以今天的Buzzword里, 我们就说一说终极的回归田园的生活方式叫做Off-the-Grid, 可以翻译成「脱离电网生活」。Sounds a bit strange? Let me explain.Living off grid or living off-the-grid means living in a property without connection to public utilities, like the main electrical grid.它之所以被叫做 off-the-grid living, 是说这种生活方式, 它不依赖于现代生活的所有这些public utilities公共事业, 比如水、电、污水处理, 其中 grid特别就是指 main electrical grid集中的电网。So in other words, off grid homes are completely autonomous. It is all about being self-sufficient, they rely on themselves. 因为国情不一样, 可能这么说, 还有很多人不能理解。 其实我就在比如说澳大利亚新西兰看到过这种off-the-grid living, 比如说到树林里自己建一个房子, 它的电水全部都是自己解决。This way of life is also known as homesteading, permanent camping, or living off the land. Now you can go fully off-the-grid by generating your own electricity, digging wells, using septic tanks, composting, and growing your own food, and you probably stop using phones and the internet as well. 讲到off-the-grid也有不同程度, 有些人的off-the-grid living是非常硬核的, 他会自己发电, 自己挖水井, 或者想办法利用自然的水源, 连污水处理、堆肥一系列的事情都自己处理, 当然吃的东西也靠自己种, 完全告别手机网络这些东西。But then there are also some others, they prefer to live partially off-the-grid. Now keep in mind this can be different from person to person. 还有的人只是想浅尝这种off-the-grid living. 这里面就会有各种不一样的选择了. They can use, for example, solar power, but they may still rely on other utilities like city water or sewage. 他可能会用比如说太阳能之类的能源, 但是水和污水处理这些可能还是要用到公用设施。Some people they even buy food at grocery store or have internet access. As you can see, it depends on what works best for you. But the whole idea of living off-the-grid is trying not to be so dependent on modern urban living so that you can live in a more self-sufficient way. 但大部分想选择living off-the-grid的人, 都是希望能够过一种更加自给自足的, 更加简单的生活。Let's be honest, it's not for everyone, especially that we're so used to modern conveniences, but there are some benefits to this sustainable way of life. For example, number one, small environmental footprints.You will use less water, produce less waste, and rely on alternative energy sources, renewable energy sources to generate electricity. 首先比起都市生活, 你个人对于环境的影响会更小。Number two, deeper connection with nature. 你可以深度拥抱大自然。A lot of people who live off-the-grid, they will live much closer to nature. And this will help you reconnect with nature. This is also why off-the-grid living is more popular in places where they are a lot of beautiful and relatively safe natural areas. Number three, better health. When moving to the wilderness, people usually become more self-reliant, more active. And this can help prevent some health problems. 这种在大自然里自给自足的生活会让你的身体也变好。Number four, greater personal satisfaction.Learning new skills to survive without public utilities and solving problems on your own will boost your confidence. 在这样自给自足的生活中, 你有没有发现自己各方面的生存和动手技能逐日提升？ The last but not least, lower stress and anxiety. For most people, the number one reason why they want to get away from urban living is because modern life makes them feel stressed and anxious, and living surrounded by nature can help you feel more relaxed. But of course as you can imagine, living off-the-grid has its own share of problems. There are some important basics that you need to keep in mind. Should you ever want to consider some form of off-the-grid living？The three essential things for survival are water, food, and shelter. 如果你真要想尝试live off-the-grid, 首先要考虑的是生存的三个基本要素, 水、食物和住所。Water is obviously the most important for survival. While if you live in the city, you never really ha