英文小酒馆 LHH

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ Hi, everyone and welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话英伦】Hi, 安澜.Hi Lulu, hi everyone. Before we start today's topic, let me ask you a question. Sure. What is British people's favorite sport？ We talked about that, it was... we talked about football didn't we, in the past？No. Not football. Rugby? Nope. Cricket? No. I have no idea what you're talking about. It's something that everybody in the UK enjoys and it doesn't matter how old you are, it doesn't matter if you're a man or a woman, it is queueing. I thought you're going to say drinking there for a moment.No.But we do enjoy a nice queue. We do like to line up and wait for things.排队. This is a running joke isn't it that British people love queueing？Even if there's only one person there, the automatic setting is to go and line up？Well. To be honest, I always say it's a little bit of exaggerated to say that we love queueing. I don't think anyone really likes to wait for things. I've actually seen that happen in the UK. OK.If you put a sign please queue here, you will see British people queue there.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦 Hi, everyone. And welcome back to our new mini segment It Means What？欢迎回来我们新的小板块【词源考古研究所】.In this segment, we're gonna share with you the origin story of some of the common words and phrases in English. Hi, 安澜.Hi, Lulu, hi everyone. So let me propose one, you like cats, right？ Yes, I do.There are many cat related idioms.Ah, loads. So I'm sure you know the origin of this one “let the cat out of the bag”. Let the cat out of the bag. 字面意思就是说 “让猫从口袋里跑出来了”. It sounds really strange. Well, it does, but it doesn't sound that strange when you know the story behind it. First of all, the meaning of this idiom “let the cat out of the bag” if I remember correctly is to accidentally reveal a secret就无异中泄密的意思. Yeah, so for example, if you're talking with a friend and you might be talking about a mutual person that you know and you accidentally say a secret. Do you know his...No, it's not like that. It's not intentional.It's not intentional. It's like, I really like that guy, but he's leaving next week. What? he's leaving next week? That is letting the cat out the bag. 无意中泄密了. What is the origin？

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~Hello, everyone. And welcome back to America Under the Microscope, advanced episode. Hi, Lulu. Hi, James. Let's go ahead and continue our talk we were having about Americans and DIY. Last time you said DIY is partly because of money, because labor costs a lot. Certainly does. But also because people in America, you guys do find a sense of accomplishment from all these DIY projects.So Americans really get very proud with their work. What comes with that is when we are really proud of our own work is a lack of trust in other people's work.I could imagine, but bring that back a little bit. What happens when you actually have the money to hire professionals to do pretty much everything? Let's just say. You’re upper middle class, you've got the money to pay all of your contractors. Would people still do it themselves or would they consider outsourcing?Once you're in that situation, it really becomes more of not so much of a money issue, but more of a prime issue. So they are... people who are still upper middle class and have money, they might still do honey do projects and still do things. But they're gonna be focusing is like this project will take X amount of hours. This one will take two X amount of hours. So they might do the shorter project themselves but hire someone to do a longer project or hire someone who would do the project that goes well beyond their own skills.I see.So really just they're gonna do more of a cost benefit analysis and just timing and all those things. Whereas people who have lower income, they don't have that option.That actually makes sense, for example, like when I'm thinking about hiring a cleaner to clean, this is what I think if I can, within the same amount of time, make more money, then I would out source that because it makes more financial sense. Right? What about you James? like let's say if you guys moved back to the States and you bought a house, what kind of things are you willing to do yourself? What kind of things, what kind of work would you out source? Myself? any kind of painting I would do, I don't need to hire anyone to do that.Anything that evolves simple like repairs, like if I need to put up the... like fix the molding, things like this, I can do whether it's like outdoor things, fixing the fence, fixing the garden type stuff. I have no problem doing that myself.But no piping.Piping no, I would hire a plumber for that. Or if it's things related to the wiring.Electricity.Yes, then I would definitely hire a contractor for that. I don't trust myself enough like I can replace a light socket, I know how to do that. I know how to install a new light switch, that I can do; beyond that, I don't...I can't do it.Yeah, the thing is, just a side note, in my home it’s basically my dad who's doing all of that. My dad actually does not trust other people to do that. But then again, he is an electrical engineer, sort of makes sense.He has the skills. Exactly.But since last time you were talking about saying that if you go to an American's home, then they are going to talk your ear off about what they have done in terms of home improvement.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~Hi, everyone. And welcome back to America Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【美国美国】. Hi, James. Hi, Lulu. Hi, everyone. What are we going to talk about today？I have a question for you. It's actually more of an observation that I've noticed while living here. While living in China, one thing I noticed is that people are always like remodeling or fixing up their homes, right？I've never seen anyone paint their own homes. They always hire people to do it. Why is that? You mean paint their walls？Yes.Is that not normal？You're confusing me because in my understanding it’s just like you have to paint your wall or have your wall painted, then you hire a guy, you hire a contractor, hire someone who professionally...Does that, is that not the same in America？We do have professional painters and you can hire someone to do it. What you're more likely to come across in America is the Americans doing that themselves. I guess that's what we're gonna talk about today, the whole do it yourself, DIY. Because in America, DIY is a pretty big thing. And we'll talk about several reasons why that is. I mean that's kind of built in your DNA so to speak. That's a good way to put it. I mean Americans do kind of like to go their own way or create their own stuff. So the idea of doing it yourself is really ingrained in us. But come on. So when we were talking about why Americans like DIY does it not have anything to do with money？No, that almost certainly has everything to do with money. It's money because hiring people to do things for you is expensive. People are basically saying, obviously I don't really have the exact number. But is it true that contractors or let's say like plumbers, electricians, these people they actually make very good money. Yes. If I was an electrician in America, I would be making more money than I am currently as a teacher. Wow. But then I can imagine hiring someone to do painting to fix your pipes will be very expensive. Yeah, although when you're using like the term like an electrician or a plumber, those would be a couple of exceptions and most Americans would hire someone to do those things because making a mistake with wiring or pipes can lead to disaster. 水电还是要找人做的, but painting your house, what mistakes can you make？Couple of hand prints here or there, you might have painted over something you weren't supposed to, but it's pretty easy to fix. But the other thing, the reason why we like to do it is Americans really like to pride themselves on what they've accomplished themselves. So one way we kind of really express ourselves and like if you ever get a chance to go to an American’s home, they will talk your ear off about all the things that they have done to improve their home.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】加入社群，查看完整全文稿和其他精彩内容哦~1)Gymnasiuma.Comes from the Greek word ‘gymnos’ (naked) and ‘gymnazein’ (to train naked)b.Men (only men!) who wanted to work out had to do so naked as the Greeks believed that exercising with clothes on was shameful!c.The Greeks focused on the perfect physique and they rubbed themselves over with olive oil while exercising to shine. d.Gymnasium were also places of learning which is why many high schools in Europe are called gymnasium

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~Hi everyone, and welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话英伦】. Hi,安澜.Hi Lulu, hi everyone.安澜 I know over the years we've talked about a lot of fun topics, but today I would propose a pretty painful topic. I hope you don't mind.That's fine. How painful we’re talking?You remember last time when we were discussing the coronation of your new King, we mentioned that people had problems with this elaborate spending because there's a huge cost of living crisis in the UK.Yes.大家看新闻, 包括中文媒体报道的可能就会每天都能看到英国, 甚至整个欧洲都有 cost of living, 就物价的上涨, 还有老百姓的各种罢工什么的.So I thought we talked about cost of living, get to the bottom of it, what cost it and how are people dealing with it?As you say, it's not a particularly light topic. So we are gonna be talking a little bit about the economy and we also be talking a little bit about the background behind this. I'm sure that there probably a few economists listening to this, so if you are, please also let us know your thoughts.Exactly. Or people who actually live in the UK.Absolutely.First of all, cost of living就是生活成本; but cost of living crisis, this is very easy to understand, it's basically it's getting more and more expensive to live in the UK.That's right. Prices and inflation have increased dramatically in a very short period of time, much faster than real incomes.Basically your income does not go up, but all of your outgoings, all of your expenses go up.That's right. So it is becoming a lot more expensive to live in the UK and I noticed it myself. I went back to the UK last year in 2022 for the first time since 2019, I was quite surprised how expensive things had got.And this basically covered everything or covers everything, right, from things you buy in supermarket to going out to have a drink in the pub.Inflation is around 10%. And as an attempt to try and stop the inflation, interest rates have also been increasing.首先通胀率是高起10% that's pretty high. But interest rate, honestly, every time you guys increased the interest rate, I was like this has got to be the last time they do it. They can't just keep doing it and then they do it again and then they do it again.Don't mention it. I've got a mortgage in the UK and when I first got my mortgage, it was like 1% interest, now it's 6%.Jesus. 所以从1个点到6个点的增长.Yes.How many times they've been doing it? At least 8, 9 times already.I've lost count.

欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is JOMO. 如果你一直有听我们【新词特饮】这个板块的话, 可能还有点印象, 之前有一集我们讲到过FOMO这个词, FOMO, the fear of missing out. 中文把它翻译成 “错失恐惧症”.Now FOMO refers to feeling or perception that others are having more fun, living better lives or experiencing better things than you are. 这种所谓的 FOMO或者 “错失恐惧症”主要指的就是在社交媒体横行的今天, 我们随时随地都会觉得别人正在过着比我们更精彩的生活, 我们很担心会错失这样的人生经历. 今天的Buzzword就是把FOMO前面的F改成了J. So what then is JOMO? Let me ask you a question, have you ever felt a sense of joy, happiness when you knew you were missing out on an invitation to a party or the latest social media posts and influencer trends because you were “unplugged”? 大家有没有经历过那种最近什么网上流行的新潮流, 但是你没有赶上, 因为你没有关注社交媒体而错过这些潮流, 你有没有感受到一种特殊的轻松和喜悦？If so, then you have probably experienced “JOMO” – the joy of missing out. “错过的喜悦”, 我还看到一个翻译叫做 “错过之欢”. In many ways, JOMO can be considered the opposite of FOMO. 刚才我们也说了FOMO这个错失恐惧症更多的是跟anxiety焦虑, 还有其他各种的负面情绪连接在一起的. It's easy to blame technology and social media for FOMO. However, in fact, FOMO is rooted in our innate tendency to socially compare ourselves to others as we seek to better understand who we are and our place in the world. 很多人就会把FOMO怪在社交媒体上, 但实际上网络也好, 社交媒体也好, 不过是一个手段. 而这种不断的想通过和别人比较, 来寻求自己在社会中的定位, 这是我们人类与生俱来的一个天性.

"英文小酒馆致力于打造沉浸式英语学习社群，无论是微信社群、有声节目、线上活动和课程，我们都全心全意为爱好英语的你带去一份专属于英语的快乐。关注公号: 【璐璐的英文小酒馆】查音频节目文稿，了解广阔的世界。跟随我们的脚步，体会英语的温度。"So the first six questions is more about sort of like dealing with bosses and working overtime. Now it's more dealing with people you work with.Do we have to?Depending on if what kind of people you work with？The first one, out of the blue, someone in your office lights up a massive pipe of tobacco and starts puffing away. 开始抽烟抽烟斗了, fill in the room with smoke, being British and being American, let's start with Anlan.Well, being British, what you would do is you go okay, pour yourself a scotch. Sit down with them, drink a scotch and probably start smoking. Even if you're not a smoker.Even if you're not a smoker.You don't want to be left out and it would be rude not to join them.I can hear your breeze. It's about the entire time and this is getting louder and louder. All right. I’m sensing the American side might just tell them to cut it, to stop it.Americans would freak out. It's like, what are you doing? You're going to get a shutdown. You want the health inspectors to come here. They will shut us down. Put that out.Is it completely smoke free, sort of thing.Oh, yeah, workplaces are completely smoke free like you'll get into serious trouble.Like being taken to court serious?Like you'll be fired. Companies can get their business license suspended.That sounds pretty...Yeah, it is a no go, it does just no go.One annoying colleague down, the next one. So this one starts using the office microwave to heat up fish every morning. It makes the whole building smell like cat’s breath. So what would you do？Let's start with the American side.Not naming names, Pam, the microwave is not for heating up fish, Pam. It is for non-offensive odors, Pam.Do you work with a Pam？Everyone works whit a Pam.Would you actually say that or would you leave it like...It would be a note.Okay.The other thing is people...your lunch box in the company fridge might magically disappear.Do you actually label it？If it's a communal fridge, label your food?You should, but I didn't see a label on that fish.Don’t touch my fish. And 安澜?I would get in even earlier and cut the wire that's attached the electricity.So a mild electric shock just to prevent that fish smell?It is a very, very bad smell. I really don't like fish smells.That's okay. I need to keep my distance from you.Who microwaves fish? Fish should not be microwaved.I’ve microwaved fish before, leftover fish, you microwave it.Yeah, but not in an office microwave.I don't know, some people don't mind it, but then we digress coming back.I don't even know if this actually happens in both of your cultures. You stand up to tell your colleagues that you're just popping out for lunch,说我出去吃饭了. Does anyone need anything, you ask politely.你们要不要给你们带点什么 and one colleague had the audacity to actually say to you. Yes. And handed you a list of things that he or she needs, being American.That was a rookie mistake, you offered, American culture, you offer, you are obligated. So you can’t just do a polite offering.No, you don't, because you don't have to offer it at all, like I’m going to go out to get lunch. If I say if I’m going to go out to get lunch, anyone want anything? I'm actually offering to buy them something or not buy them but pick it up for them.So if you actually offered, but just thinking that you wanted to, for example, in the same restaurant you pack me a sandwich, but I actually handed you a list and say, James, can you get me this this this？I’m going to McDonald's and I will buy you a big Mac or a Filet-O-Fish.

英文小酒馆致力于打造沉浸式英语学习社群，无论是微信社群、有声节目、线上活动和课程，我们都全心全意为爱好英语的你带去一份专属于英语的快乐。关注公号: 【璐璐的英文小酒馆】 查音频节目文稿，了解广阔的世界。跟随我们的脚步，体会英语的温度。Hi, everyone and welcome back to your favorite segment Across the Pond. 欢迎你们回来, 你最喜欢的, 并且一直要求回来的这么一个板块, 叫做【英美大不同】. We have in our studio James. Hi, everyone And 安澜. Hello. I'm going to give them some really awkward questions in like social settings, so that they are going to give their answers as American and British and see if they have any differences in their opinions. I'm sure we do. Are you guys ready？Oh, yes.Why not？The topic we're going to do is work.Pass. Question number one, there's a new guy at work and he asks you, what is the best thing about working for this company or this organization, being British or being American？What would you do？Let's start with James. It really depends on whether you like or not like it. Maybe if you don't like it, it would be like coffee is good. And if you do like it, you're going to be honest like we have great benefits. Boss is super approachable. He's a cool dude. Okay. So if you don't like working there, would you not come out and directly say run? Or you might say something like keep your resume updated. Subtle. And 安澜? I would think about ways I can give my work to that person. That's very sneaky. It is very sneaky, but I’m being honest here I would think it's a new guy. He'll say yes to anything. So let's see how much work of mine I can give him. But would you not tell him exactly what is good about this about working here？ Absolutely. I’ll tell him about the workload. Okay. Remind me not to ask you to be the poster child for the company. Probably best not. All right. Question number two, a visitor, this is a visitor at work, goes on your work computer before you've had a chance to clear your internet search history, what is he or she likely to find and also how would you respond, 安澜 first？I was going on YouTube to do some company research and also the news BBC, those things I bought on eBay were completely necessary for my project. Would you feel offended that someone goes on just without your permission？To be honest, a work computer, they would have to have your permission because you have to have passwords and things like that. So probably I would have given permission for them to use my computer and then suddenly thought my God, they're going to find what I bought on eBay and Amazon. OK, and James. I’m going to guess they're system administrator because they got into my computer. Second, I got nothing to hide to work computer. I’m not going to put all that stuff on my work computer. That's what personal computers are for. But are you saying that when you are at work, everything you do on the internet is completely about work. So no eBay, no any of that？Usually at work, yes, on our work computers, yes, because many companies in America track what you do online. Scary. Next question, you have a half-day holiday already booked in. But after working your morning, your boss asks you, if you're all set for the afternoon’s big meeting, what would you do in this situation, James？Yeah, I’m heading up to the car now. See you on Monday. Would that not make you a… I don't know, unfavorable person in the eyes of the boss？No, because he's already approved my time off. So...

"欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~" In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is Aigiarism. To talk about that, let's talk about ChatGPT first. Now I'm pretty sure even if you're not into technology at all, you have heard of it. It is one of the most significant language models ever created because it is capable of generating human-like text and can perform a variety of tasks, including translation, summarization, and writing code. 即使你对科技再不感冒, 相信你也听过ChatGPT, 也知道它的功能超级强大, 可以迅速生成大段的以假乱真的文本. While undeniably innovative and exciting, ChatGPT might have a dark side and people are starting to see it. 很多人都觉得ChatGPT很强大很好玩很创新, 也有不少人产生了深深的忧患意识, 这个要说到咱们今天的buzzword.First of all, what does Aigiarism mean, like many of the buzzwords we talked about before, it is a combination of two words. 这个词前半部分就是AI人工智能, 后半部分是Plagiarism. Plagiarism一般被翻译成剽窃或者是抄袭. In simple terms, Aigiarism means plagiarizing using AI, sometimes it's also called AI assisted plagiarism. 说白了就是通过AI技术进行了抄袭和学术剽窃行为. Plagiarism, by definition, is taking someone else’s work and presenting it as your own. When you take free content generated from an AI, it falls into the category of ‘not your work’, and by presenting it as your own, you are committing plagiarism.虽然很多人可能会狡辩说, 我用AI只是用了一个科技去生成文本, 我也没有抄谁的, 但这种把不是你自己创造的内容, 当做是自己的提交上去, 本来就是plagiarism的行为. The word “Aigiarism” exists as a result of AI advancement. Since ChatGPT has made the tour worldwide, people have noticed that they could use it to generate free content for papers, articles, and other written forms. 相信试用过ChatGPT的小伙伴都知道, 比如说你想要写篇文章, 其实你只要告诉他, 你希望这个文章里面是大概写什么的, 它就会自动帮你生成一个文本, 而且还看起来非常像是人写出来的. Therefore Aigiarism is directly committing an offense to academic integrity. 大部分学术界的担心都是它会破坏academic integrity, 一般被翻译成学术诚信, 学术诚信的反面就是academic misconduct, 学术不端. Now with the rise of AI tools like text generators, things have gotten to a more complex level where the line between Aigiarism and original content has become blurred.学术剽窃或者学术查重这些词一直都存在, 但是现在有了AI强有力的工具, 怎么界定Aigiarism就变得很复杂. Because AI generated text can often mimic human writing styles and create articles, essays, and even books that are difficult to distinguish from human written work. 这是因为随着技术的进步, 由AI生成的文本, 比如说ChatGPT它生成的文本就可以很好地模仿真人写作的风格, 让一般人很难去判定这个到底是AI写的还是人写的. And this has led to new moral and legal problems for authors, publishers, and content creators who are trying to protect their intellectual property in a time when AI technology is changing and developing super fast.所以这就也让作者、出版商, 包括像我这样的内容主都面临着如何保护自己的intellectual property知识产权这样的一个问题. These worries are pretty fair because originality and academic integrity are foundational standards, not just in the academic world, but in content creation in general.其实这种忧患并不是空穴来风, 因为不光是学术界, 只要涉及原创内容的出产, 那么originality原创性和academic integrity学术诚信都是基石一样的东西.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~It’s such a nice tale and I especially love the ending part where the police were, they were trying to ask if you need psychological help, because they didn't want you to have a traumatic sort of like live with the trauma of that kind of situation of the emergency situation, as a very moving act I would say. Because I thought the police were just coming to say what did you do, Simon?No, they were really good actually, so they came and they asked more to just double check that I was okay than anything else, but they wanted to hear what had happened. And then also tell me the lady had been was fine, she was okay, she was not too seriously injured, not life threateningly. But I back then in the darkness in that sort of situation, when you have no medical training, you don't really know the extent of her injury, were you scared at all, like she's gonna die on me? Because there's bound to be some time, at least half an hour or so that you had to wait with her in the car, right? Yeah, at that time, I think there was adrenaline, there was a lot of adrenaline going on. Of course, I was worried, but I didn't feel I didn't sort of go, Oh my God, this is no what do I do? I just sort of I think common sense sort of played a role. She's bleeding, okay, I want to stop the bleeding. Going, passing out is not a good thing, okay, I'll keep talking to her and keep her awake. Or she's shivering, I'll make sure the heat is up and give her blankets. So it was really just common sense stuff.I suppose some people are like that, they are extremely calm in these kind of situations that don't freak out because it's like the logical part of the brain is taking control, they compartmentalize so they don't really have the time to feel the emotions. That's what you were saying that delayed shock.Delayed shock, and then once it was done, once I could suddenly breathe and go, okay, she's now in the ambulance, she's now not my responsibility. That's when my brain decided to go on a holiday. And I have no recollection, no memory. Now having told us the story, let me I have a few questions to ask. Was this completely a freak accident that never happened or was it actually a relatively common danger that people have to watch out for the falling boulders? It's not common, it's certainly not common, but it does happen because these roads we don't have cars on them all the time. Boulders or rocks will fall off cliff faces, but usually it they just fall and no one's around, doesn't affect anyone. There are cases where a rock has fallen and it's around a corner, a car comes around the corner and hits the rock. It's not very common, no. Also in New Zealand and I'm sure it's the same in some parts of China where there's a lot of mountainous, mountain roads. They put like a metal mesh over the rock face. Oh, yes. 一个网子 to hold the falling rock.To hold the falling rocks. And so that's pretty common. Now in New Zealand. I see. But if people were to travel to New Zealand for the first time travelers, what kind of dangers especially from nature should people watch out for? I know you don't really have many dangerous animals. Do you have any other risks that people have to watch out for?

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~Hi, everyone and welcome back to New Zealand Under the Microscope. Hi, Simon.Hi, Kia Ora. 你好. Nice to see you again.Kia Ora. Now today instead of talking about life in New Zealand in general, I would like to to get Simon to tell us about one of his legendary tales. Simon这个人特别传奇, 有很多传奇的人生故事. Now I understand that once in New Zealand, after you moved back, you saved someone's life.You embarrassed me, Lulu, you embarrassed me.Don't be coy. Let's hear that story. I've heard it before and it's truly, it's legendary.All right. A few years ago, I was having to travel a lot for work. So I have clients that are all over the country and I would do a lot of driving. So every week I was on the road going to different cities thousands of kilometers every month.Now one night I was driving home, it was very late, it was around midnight or 1:00 am. I was driving down a rural road. I live in a city called Napier. I was driving on this road which connected Napier and another city called Taupo. This road, it's a terrible road. It's a very bendy road. There's sort of cliffs on each side, that's forested, very bendy, very dark. There's no houses, there's no people around for about 100 kilometers.Total wilderness basically.Yeah, absolutely. It's quite common for there to be accidents on this road.What type of accidents? I don't imagine there will be lots of cars.It's not a huge number of cars but certainly people regularly travel. If you're from Napier and you need to travel north, so if you need to travel up to Auckland or Hamilton or Tauranga or any of the other main cities in the north island, excluding Wellington, Palmersto North, you have to travel on this road.I see.

欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is Desk Bombing.You know the word ‘desk’, now ‘bombing’ sounds pretty scary. 大家都知道‘bomb’是 ‘炸弹’的意思, but Desk Bombing is not a terrorist act. It is actually a term circulating in the workplace context recently. It describes the act of dropping by your co-workers at their desk unannounced.直译为 ‘桌边轰炸’或者 ‘办公桌轰炸的行为’,其实就是指的在办公室工作的状态下, 你的同事并没有提前跟你商量, 就突然来到你的办公桌边跟你说个什么事儿. This act is called Desk Bombing, and people who are doing it are Desk Bombers. 这些人就被直译为‘办公桌炸弹客’.The desk bomber could be allocating work, asking for clarification, checking up on you or simply sharing a juicy piece of gossip. 这些Desk Bomber他们找你说话的目的可能确实是分配工作, 澄清一些工作上的事情, 或者只是找你聊个天八个卦. The reason why this is called Desk Bombing is because they came unannounced, unplanned, they didn't warn you.之所以把它叫做Desk Bombing是指的他们并没有事先跟你约好.Some workers prefer dropping by your desk over sending emails to a colleague, especially if they're also in the same room, others hate the interruption to their workflow. 关于Desk Bombing到底好还是不好, 就见仁见智了. 有的人就觉得说, 咱们都已经在同一个房间了, 比起send邮件面对面直说更方便; 也有些人就觉得你入侵了我的私人空间, 打断了我整个工作的流程. And these type of people they would think how dare they talk to me, invade my space. Now we've just been through 3 years of Covid, people got used to the idea of working and studying at home. When you're working and studying at home, it gives you the opportunity to present an idealized version of yourself, protected by the barrier of the screen.疫情三年, 很多人都习惯了居家办公居家学习. 因为在居家办公的状态, 你向你的同事可以呈现一个比较理想化的状态, 那些不理想的部分你可以不让他看到. For example, when you get a call, you can decline. You can change your status to ‘busy’. When a task needs uninterrupted concentration, 你可以更多的自己有掌控力. You become adjusted to hammering out tasks without distractions or needing to engage in small talk. 特别是那种不喜欢small talk闲聊的人, 居家办公可以说帮你规避了所有的这些. But now we're back in the office or at least mostly back in the office to readjust to working in the office, desk bombing starts to become an issue. So how do people feel about it？Now here I'm gonna share with you some interesting opinions and perspectives that I got from an online interview. 这里就跟大家分享一个网上的采访和调研得出来的对于Desk Bombing的几种观点. Person A has been a hybrid worker for the past 7 years. 我们之前也说过, hybrid worker就是一半在家, 一半在办公室这样的一个混合型办公. It's actually very popular around the world in the post pandemic context. He says one of my pet hates is Desk Bombing. He doesn't like it.The days I got to work from home were so productive. I feel the lack of desk bombing on those days is the reason why.A就说我居家办公的时候效率特别高, 主要就是因为没有人会Desk Bomb我. He adds, since remote working has become far more commonplace. The remote equivalent-sudden, unexpected video calls- can be similar, but I feel you have a lot more control over these. 虽然说你在远程居家办公的时候, 也可能会有人突然给你打个视频, 但是在这个情况下, 你是可以有权利拒绝的, 至少你会有更多的控制力.

搜索公号: 【璐璐的英文小酒馆】 查音频节目文稿，了解广阔的世界。跟随我们的脚步，体会英语的温度！The next part is the big part really, this is called the Investiture. Investiture我查了一下叫做授职. Based on the Chinese I can only imagine this is basically giving the King the power. That's right. The King was presented with the Coronation regalia. What are the regalia？The regalia are all of the jewels and the gold. For example, you have the orb. Orb不是一个球吗？Yes, it’s basically a round golden ball with a cross on top, and that symbolizes the Christian world. Then he gets the sceptre, and that represents kingly power and justice. Sceptre我在打游戏的时候学到这个词, 就是权杖. And the scepter is pretty amazing because it does actually have the world's largest diamond at the top of it.Oh, the bling-bling.And finally the big moment, the St Edward’s Crown.This is the crowning就是加冕了.Yes. St Edward’s Crown was placed on the King's head and you probably saw that it was quite difficult. That's because it weighs 2kg. 2kg is nothing. He is in his 70s. I was imagining something like 5 or 10kg. No, it's about 2kg but still would you really place 2kg on the head of someone in their 70s？Especially considering that he's already holding an orb and scepter and wearing lots of ceremonial clothing. And consider that he has to probably keep wearing that for a good half an hour. The St Edward’s Crown actually dates back to the 17th century. It's not actually the crown that's used every day. That's another crown. There’s an everyday crown? but I mean...Yeah, it's... when I say everyday crown, I don't mean that he wears the crown when he has a bath. You mean like normal, regular ceremonial crown, but this is a special Coronation crow. This is probably the only time he will ever wear the St Edward’s Crown. I see. So I have a question. Obviously the one who's putting the crown on the King's head is also Archbishop of Canterbury. Yes.I've read it somewhere that when the King is stepping up to his throne, he's helped by all these religious figures. Oh yes, that's partly symbolic, but also partly is...Because he's elder...Also because everything he's carrying is really heavy. Yeah, but when Queen Elizabeth, when... during her Coronation, she was very young. But she was still helped. They're not gonna like body builders or anything like that. You can see that they're basically they're carrying things that probably weigh about a good 10kg if not more. And they have the long... the gown the tunic. They have the gowns and they have the cloaks. So it does get rather difficult, and let's face it, would you really want to drop something at that time？You don't wanna trip over your tunic.Exactly. Remember, this is being watched by millions of people. So was that the end of the ceremony？Nope. Then it came to the enthronement. Now this is when originally the lords and nobles would swear loyalty to the King. And when Queen Elizabeth became the Queen, this lasted for hours because every single noble had to go, kiss the Queen and swear loyalty. Kiss the hand I'm assuming.Also the cheek.Okay.

搜索公号: 【璐璐的英文小酒馆】 查音频节目文稿，了解广阔的世界。跟随我们的脚步，体会英语的温度。Hi everyone, and welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来《闲话英伦》. Hi, 安澜. Hi, Lulu, hi, everyone. Recently, there was a big event in the UK right? You've got a new King finally, after what... 70 years?We've actually had a new King since September, but this time he got a nice, shiny hat. Okay, so the Coronation of the new King加冕礼. You mentioned you've technically got a new King in September, does that mean officially or legally as soon as the Queen died that automatically made Charles the King？Yes. There's no period in Britain where we don't have a King or Queen. It happens automatically. 所以英国的君主制, 君主立宪制是君主一直有在位的, 一个君主去世之后, 马上就是自动下一个继承人就会... who's after Charles?That would be William. And then it would be Charles his grandson, George. I see.If we still have a King or Queen at that time. That's a whole different story. We're not gonna discuss how British people generally feel about having a King or a Queen. But first of all, this all happened 6th May, right？It was a Saturday. It was Saturday the 6th of May King Charles III was crowned at Westminster Abbey. I remember you telling me that you got a holiday.I did get a holiday, we got Monday off. Because of the Coronation. Because of the Coronation. I see, I read a little bit about it, I didn't watch it. But this whole thing seemed to be really complex. So I was hoping that you can walk us through the entire Coronation ceremony. It is very complex. I watched the Coronation from start to finish. It is a very complicated ceremony because the ceremony hasn't changed much in almost 1,000 years, and also it’s mainly a religious ceremony. That's actually my next question. It doesn't look like, for example, president being sworn in. It's not that kind of political or administrative procedures. A lot of it is highly ritualistic, 就是高度仪式化. 这种特别花里胡哨if you forgive my language, it's very elaborate. It is, let’s say it is a religious ceremony. And it’s also important to know it’s a celebration. Because as you mentioned before, Charles became King in September when the Queen died. It was not really the time for celebration. That's why there's always a gap between the King becoming the King and a Coronation. Because the country had to mourn the loss of their previous King or Queen. Now walk us through the ceremony, I've heard there were five parts.There were five main parts, before we start, it's important to note that this is actually a simple version of the Coronation. What is the long version？The long version is what happened 70 years ago when Queen Elizabeth... Yeah, and that lasted for quite a long time. This one was actually quite short. The Queen's ceremony was actually televised as well, was put on real time TV. That's right, for the first time ever. This is actually something that's a bit more meaningful for me because the Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II was actually the first memory of my mom and dad. When your mom and dad were very, very little. They were only about 2 or 3 years old at that time, and they still remember my grandmother actually bought television for this. I bet she was not the only one. This is actually what made television very popular in the UK. You really do like your monarch. Okay, so walk us through the ceremony, five parts.Alright, so first of all, it’s the Recognition. Recognition本意认可的意思, is it just like people recognize him as the rightful King？

全新版块上线！来酒馆听安澜为你讲述英国及世界的传奇晚安故事~关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多最新资讯文稿！In all of England, there was no one better with a bow and arrow than Robin Hood. Robin Hood lived with his band of Merry Men in Sherwood Forest. That forest was the King's woods where King John kept his royal deer for hunting.A few years before, King Richard had ruled the land. This King was kind and let the poor come into Sherwood Forest to hunt the deer to feed their families. But the time had come for King Richard and his army to leave England. And then King John became the king when Richard did not return. "Bad King John," as this king would become known by, did not want anyone to come into Sherwood Forest. John wanted all the deer for himself so that he could hunt whenever he wanted. From then on, he declared that anyone seen hunting in Sherwood Forest would be arrested and thrown into prison.Robin Hood did not like that. He moved into Sherwood Forest and dressed in green so that he could hunt whenever he wanted. Other brave men came into Sherwood Forest, too. One by one they joined Robin Hood and became his band of Merry Men.Robin Hood and his Merry Men would hide when rich nobles passed through the woods. Then all at once, they would jump out and rob those rich men. Then he would give their money to the poor starving people.But you can imagine that the rich men who were robbed were not happy! They told Bad King John what was going on in Sherwood Forest. "Something must be done!" they shouted at the King. The King put the Sheriff of Nottingham in charge of Sherwood Forest. It would be his job to catch Robin Hood and throw him into prison! But Robin Hood was too quick and clever. His Merry Men would warn him each time they saw the Sheriff of Nottingham or one of his guards in the woods, and Robin Hood would escape or hide.So the Sheriff came up with a new plan. “I will arrange a great contest,” he said, “to find out who is the best archer in England. The winner will go home with a Golden Arrow.”The Sheriff then said in a low voice, “If I know Robin Hood, he will not be able to stay away from such a contest. And when he comes, we will catch him!”

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~Welcome back to Geek Time advanced, we're talking about Otaku culture. Welcome Lulu.Hi, Brad.So I've got a question for you. Have you ever heard of something called Dakimakura？Dakimakura, you're talking about the body pillow？Dakimakura就是那种怎么说呢？动漫形象设计的那种一人高的抱枕, 人形抱枕, 或者说有你动漫人物的抱枕. Yeah, don't tell me you have one.I did buy two and I was going to give them to a friend as a joke, that I was gonna let him choose which one he wanted.It didn't really ever plan out, but like, it's one of those things that it's not something you really think a lot of when it comes to Otaku culture, but it is one of those things that does come up to the surface every now and then, you'll see things in the news or something like that.But think having a Dakimakura like a human sized body pillow, the girls are often scantily clad. Some people have…Scantily dressed, yeah?Some people have their own Dakimakura harem.Harem? So they will have a lot of different Dakimakura?Yeah, they have like several.You said scantily clad girls, but actually there are also some very popular male version. I wouldn't say no to a very handsome anime character Dakimakura. Why not？I think most people probably don't really take it that seriously, for them, even if you’re an Otaku, it’s just kind of like a collection. It's sort of like paraphernalias, 像周边产品的这种感觉. But some people are very serious, right？I've heard some people married their Dakimakura?There's been a few marriages where people have married their Dakimakura or they've married their video game character. This has been in like South Korea and Japan. Yeah, it may have been in other places as well, but that's just like the two places that I've actually heard of something like that happening.But so far, including the basic episode, we were mostly focusing on Anime Manga and we're mostly focusing on you're into a specific character because she is cute or he's handsome, but it, Otaku, you said it can be about any hobby, right？There are car Otaku, just about anything can have like an Otaku, train Otaku, Densha Otaku. But one of the most interesting one is military Otaku.So if you're into all these military fad toys and also weapons maybe?Yeah, they'll do cosplay just like anime cosplay.So they'll get like military uniforms, and I've actually walked down one of the streets here and seemed like a shop that had like military uniforms and I was just like. What? It's like almost cosplay stuff and replica guns or weapons. They have something called air soft, and air soft is kind of like a pellet gun.软气枪. It can hurt somewhat. It's not dangerous or anything.No, as long as you use them properly, they're perfectly safe. But if you shot someone up close and using one of the more high powered ones and they didn't have any protection, you could break the skin, but other than that, they are usually safe and they're not gonna hurt you.They use air soft guns and they have reenactments. This is something similar to the US. In the US there are people who do Civil War reenactments where they actually they play characters from history or they just have like skirmishes or something like that.So basically this is just sort of like reenactment, and people just get into characters, I guess they would perhaps role play a specific historical battle or they might just create a futuristic battle which sounds a bit dark if you do a futuristic war scene.They just do whatever they want to do. They might do like what if scenarios like, what if this side won or what if that side won, and so they might... but they don't just reenact the battle. They like reenact everything that goes along with it.I remember one day I was doing some laundry at a coin laundry shop. Three guys walked in and like their whole military get ups and I was like what is going on？ They take off their get ups to throw in the washing machines because they just came back from doing like one of their reenactments. I was just like, OK

关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，领取全文稿，了解更多有趣的英语资讯~Hi, everyone. And welcome back to Geek Time. 欢迎回来【极客时间】. Hi, Brad.Hey, Lulu.So I thought in the previous few episodes in this segment, we were talking about these big tech trends like Crypto or Chat GPT, but can I propose a more lighthearted topic that is really core to the geekdom really?Sounds good to me.You know what I'm talking about because... and also you are living in Japan. So I think you're more than familiar with this word that I'm going to say, which is Otaku 宅.So in Chinese we say 宅, in Japanese Otaku, like ‘taku’ is 宅, ‘o’ is just an honorific like御宅族,如果你要翻译的话, I thought we dedicate two episodes to this particular topic.Mhm.I'm sure you have a lot to say, but first thing first, how would you describe the Japanese idea of Otaku.The easiest way to describe Otaku is someone who puts like all of their energy into something that they really like. A lot of people look at it as like an Anime Otaku or a Manga Otaku, but it's not just those things.It could be a lot of different things that are like Otaku. But that's basically how you would describe it.Oh so basically Otaku has nothing to do with stay indoors outdoors, it’s more like an extreme enthusiast of a special hobby.The idea of Otaku is not that you stay at home, but you feel at home when you're doing your hobby.Oh, that's why they say Otaku. 这里要跟大家特别的解释一下, because in Chinese we say宅男宅女, usually it just means shutting type, kind of don't want to socialize with other people, but the original meaning of Otaku has nothing to do with social skills.No.It's more like a die hard fan of something, right?In Japan, someone who stays indoors is called a Hikikomori, which is like someone who stays at home, but like Otaku is just someone who feels at home in their hobby.所以Hikikomori在日语里面被翻译成中文叫做蛰居族, 就是像冬眠一样, 在家里就是那种完全丧失社会能力的 you know like people who drop out of school and this withdrawal completely from society.That is a hugely negative term, but Otaku is really not or it's becoming less negative. What would you say in Japan? Do you think Otaku, when people say Otaku is it still negative? positive? What about in English?In Japan Otaku is still somewhat considered negative, but it's becoming less so, it's more people are considered to be Otaku nowadays is becoming a more regular thing, so it's less negative, especially with like a lot of foreigners who consider themselves to be Otaku coming to Japan. I think people have started to look at it a little bit less negatively, but also like in America, being an Otaku has always kind of been like a badge of honor.When people started using the word in the US, people started to say “yes I am, and I'm proud of it.”It's like we talked about this before, right. It's like wearing the word Geek as a badge of honor, it's a sense of belonging.All Right.Like when you look at Otaku in the US, in the 80s was... when 80s, 90s, when Sailor Moon and Macross start coming to the US, that's when the Otaku culture in the US started to bloom, very similar to in Japan as well like that's when kind of like in the 80s.Sailor moon and Macross, I've checked中文叫做《超时空要塞》. But then again, I'm too young to know these words.I kind of grew up with the American version of Macross. We called it Robotech, but it was almost the same thing.But that's the thing, right, I mean most people when they think of Otaku, if they are not really familiar with this group or this type of culture, first they think is Manga Anime. 首先还是想到动漫,对吧。Yeah, like most people when they think of Otaku, the first thing they go to is Manga or Anime people who just get into those things, because I think in Japan those are like the two big groups. You have like people who make their own Manga like Doujinshi. They meet up at…同人志.Yeah. They have comic meet ups where they sell or pedal theirs or trade theirs to other people. There's some like Otaku groups, we’ll kind of get into that a little bit more later, but groups of people.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~Hello, everyone and welcome back to America Under the Microscope, advanced episode.Hi, lulu, hi, everyone.Hi James.So let's go on and continue our talk about vacationing and traveling that we were previously covering.I have a question.YeahBecause when we were wrapping up last time, you were talking about how you traveling is more seen as family event, because if you're just single or if you just got married, you probably don't have a lot of money to travel. And you probably will spend the time working. I have a question then do people generally see traveling as a must or luxury because in Europe, I kind of got the feeling like in the UK and also in, let's say Southern European countries, going on vacation is like their right, every summer they have to do it. It would be pretty awkward, it would be pretty weird if you don't go on a vacation.But what about in America, do people see it as a must or luxury?No, that's completely different. Americans definitely see it as a luxury not a must, not a right. Because for one, a lot of Americans don't really like the idea of something being a must. It goes against like our freedom to choose. But also a lot of Americans they have to work pretty hard to have the life that they want to have. And that means sacrifice since traveling is a pretty big expense that is one of the things that gets sacrificed.It's not unusual to come across Americans who don't travel much or can't travel because they have other things that they need to pay for. They have to feed their kids and other stuff, so it's very much a luxury.Yeah. I think this is why in movies and TV shows it's very common to see the sort of like when an older couple when they both retired, they're like now we can finally travel.Yeah, because they don't have to worry about their kids. Their kids are all grown up. They don't have other responsibilities. So it is usual for retirees to travel a bit more, they have the freedom to do so.So if it's a luxury then do people show off their vacations like to your colleagues?Oh, yeah. Like it's not unusual to... this was almost like we just got back from the Bahamas. Here's a picture of my husband's swimming in the beach. Here's a picture of ...we got really bad.... sun brings addiction, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. It goes on and on. So it's absolutely sometimes Americans will talk about and show off about.So you just talked about going to the beach at beach resorts. But sometimes you see in America, people travel not by the usual methods they would have like an RV.Yes, right.A recreational vehicle like 房车. Is that very common, those are expensive, aren't they? They’re very expensive?From my part of the country they're extremely common whether it's the full RV camper or if it's just a camper trailer which you connect to the back of a truck, those are extremely common for upper middle class, suburban or more rural Americans because they want to travel and see nature but they want the comforts of home.I see, and people buy those right, they don't rent RV.Oh, you can rent them, but for the most part people buy them, like a big RV it's about the same price as a house, camper vans are...they're not cheap, a camper van again it’s gonna be $100,000 expense to buy and then you have to maintain them.A camper van. It's just like a smaller version of RV?Yes, so we think of it as the smaller version of it.So when American thinks of an RV think of bus size it's the size of a bus.I see.When we think of camper vans they're much smaller. Like in china I've seen camper vans in china, I can see it's becoming more and more popular to rent one and go on in the countryside and stuff. But I've never seen an RV here, not one.Because they're hugely expensive. I think they cost millions.And they're just hugely huge. They would have a difficult time going on a lot of roads in china.And also in China, we just don't have the infrastructure for RVs like where are you

关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】获得全文稿哦~Hi, everyone. And welcome back to America Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话美国】. Hi, James. Hi, Lulu. Hi, everyone. Has been a long time. I know. Yeah. I think we've managed to cover a lot of the topics already. So do you have any topic suggestions？I was thinking that since we have finally reopened the country and we can go places, we should probably talk about vacation and traveling. Yes. Actually that's a great idea. Now the other day you, me and 安澜, we were talking about... in Across the Pond where we're talking about what we would do if we're traveling to other places in the world. So I thought maybe it would be a good idea to talk about how typical Americans travel, or how they see this idea of traveling, vacationing. That sounds great. We should definitely talk about that. But first things first, can I ask you, I mean, this has been confusing me for ages. So the idea of holiday and vacation都可以有假日的意思. But if you say you go on holiday and go on vacation, first of all, do you guys use that？And if so, are they the same？So this is where it gets a little confusing because Americans would never say I'm going on holiday. It's not an Americanism. We would say I'm going on vacation or I'm going to take a vacation or I have a vacation, these are... we are more likely to use this word ‘vacation’. To an American holiday is Christmas, Thanksgiving. I see, so it's more like this is a public holiday that sort of idea. It's not about you going anywhere. No, because there's like we have a holiday this week, what are you gonna do？Stay home. I see. I see. So now let's talk about vacations. First of all, how long when people say they're going on a vacation？What is the average time they would spend on a vacation. A week.? 2 weeks? I wish it was that long. But sadly, not. Most Americans when they go on a vacation, we think of it more like they're taking a long weekend, so like 3 or 4 days. Because paid holiday... there's not a lot of paid holiday or paid break. Just out of curiosity, you said there's not a lot of paid holidays. So annual leave, the paid annual leave for average American workers. How long is that?It really varies from company to company, but it averages out to 2 or 3 weeks, a year.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ Hi, everyone and welcome back to Britain under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话英伦】on the topic of 鸡娃 second episode, brought to you by学霸安澜and学渣Lulu. Lulu, there's no way that you are 学渣. Compared to you. I have to say 安澜 is one of those students like别人家里的孩子那种 so always very driven, always very geared on. Very good grades, always getting good grades. All right, I was a bit of a nerd. Yes. I still am so…Okay. So coming back to the topic of 鸡娃, I'm sure your parents didn't have to use that on you. But you notice that in China when people talk about education especially primary secondary education, you hear a lot of these classes, although now there are policies banning them, but this whole cram schools and then tutorial这种补课或者什么培优什么这些乱七八糟的这些东西. Are there similar things in the UK?Yes, I would say you can pay for tutor, it’s relatively common. But generally, it's… if you can afford it, first of all, it's seen as a bit of a luxury. And also it's more around if you're falling behind in your studies, then you might consider getting a tutor. 所以是补差的那种. What about you？You wanna go ahead, you wanna charge ahead to be better than other people.Well, to be perfectly honest, I would say for many people, they don't think in those terms. Because you have to ultimately think what is the purpose of the education is to pass the test. So if it's a case of being the top 1% in the class or whatever, I don't think that really does apply so much in the UK. Obviously there may be a lot of people that do think in those terms; but for a lot of the English people that I know, they don't think in those terms, they just say, okay, you got good grades, you can do this to improve. And that’s it. There's none of this fixation about you gotta be the top in the class because from our perspective, what's the point in being the top of the class？Because I think it's the whole idea in China we have the college entrance exam, right？高考, because everyone's gonna take that. That's why being the top one or 0.1 percentile is the most important thing because一分干倒一大片的that's the sort of philosophy. But in the UK yeah, you can be top of the class, you can get very good grades, but you are applying ultimately for the universities that you like and you can apply for multiple universities, so can your classmates. So it's not everyone is on that specific path to compete in a specific...I would say that is the thing I have noticed about China is that for a huge population of students, they're focused on a very limited number of places, a very limited number of courses, which we don't really have in the UK, even for Oxford and Cambridge. Some people really want to get into Oxford and Cambridge. Other people don't really want to go into Oxford and Cambridge. They want to go to another university that they prefer. OK, you do have some very good universities in the UK, but let's be honest here, let's be brutally honest, going to Oxbridge is still very difficult and we talked about that in... it’s very competitive. Of course it is, that's why I failed the interview. Yeah, we still remember that, but that's because you didn't really prepare, actually you know what, you can hire a special tutor or a special agency to help you prepare for Oxbridge interviews. 就是你想进牛剑的话, 是有那种专门的不是辅导班就是mock interview.

关注公众号和同名视频号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，了解更多好文和资讯！Hi, everyone and welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来《闲话英伦》. Hi, 安澜.Hi, Lulu. Hi, everyone. Can I propose a topic actually? Yeah, of course. Alan, you speak very good Chinese. Have you ever heard of the idea of 鸡娃? Yes...You don't sound very sure. I've heard of it, but it's one of those concepts that I don't think really translates into English. So if you're gonna ask me for an English translation of 鸡娃, then I probably would struggle a little bit. It's basically like motivate your kids but like, forcefully. Forcefully motivates your children. Okay. I'm not sure that's the particularly good translation, but I think that pretty much is what it is, isn't it? I would say probably if we have to really translate it, I would go with the idea of a tiger mom.Tiger mom, the sort of Asian parenting, is that not the stereotype? It is a bit of a stereotype, but to be honest, I've lived in the UK and I've lived in China for quite some time now. I think that's a stereotype that is quite accurate in many cases. But the thing is the whole Asian parents, especially Chinese parents, put a lot of effort, put a lot of emphasis on their kids, that kind of leads to somewhat of a misunderstanding. Sometimes our listeners would ask us, do English parents not care about their kids education, just let them run around wild?I know. I have heard some of our fans and also some of my friends have said what does this mean? Does this mean that British parents don't care about their children, is that...? No, it's a completely different mindset. I tell you why I would like to talk about this whole鸡娃 or parents attitude towards education in the UK, because last time I went back to the UK I was with some friends, and one of them has got a school age child whose... I say school age, this kid is about to go to college and start all that. And then you could see when family friends, when they are visiting when if they have a kid of similar age or slightly older, that's what they're gonna talk about. They're not gonna talk about holiday la, la, la. No, they're gonna talk about kids education, university application. Do you have extra credits? Do you have all of that? Of course. That's the same for my family as well because from the sounds of it, my niece is the same age as your friend's child. And we constantly talk about university, we constantly talk about school. But it's from a very different standpoint. It's not that we don't care. I would say it's that we worry about slightly different things. And in today's episode we're gonna explore that a little bit.Yes.But let's have the general tone is parents are parents no matter which culture which country they're from or they're in, they care about their kids education. Of course, and probably a bit of disclaimer as well. Now I don't have any children and I know that you don't have any children, Lulu. So we're not experts, we're not gonna tell you how to raise your child. If you wanna listen to that, there's millions of those podcast all over the world in English and Chinese and Swahili. Every single language has those podcast has those videos. But what we're doing today is just giving you a little bit of our own personal opinion because we been in education for a number of years now.And also being in the two cultures that we can somewhat compare what we have seen and observed. First of all, let's talk a little bit about secondary education system, 就是整个中学的学制.In England, it's a bit different, so for us is very straightforward. We have primary education which is age 6-12 and then 12-15, it’s junior middle school 初中, and then 15-18 is senior, the high school, and then university. In the UK it's not so.It's a little bit different. Partly because England and Wales they have a different education system than Scotland, for example. But just to give you the quick lowdown, you have primary school which is 6-11 or 12, then you have secondary school which

片头活动，咨询小助手微信【luluxjg】Your first hunt or your first kill actually, how did you feel about it? Because I know for some people, they probably would feel a little bit strange or a little bit, I don't know, uneasy on their first hunt or first kill. I remember my first hunt, first kill very well. So I was staying at my friend's property. He has a cabin which is in the bush surrounded by forest. We would leave, get up in the morning around 4, 3:30 in the morning, 4 o'clock in the morning. We would go hunting early morning. So got up, had some breakfast, made a cup of tea and then I went... and all the way through preparing. He was saying to me, Simon, don't get over excited. The chances are you will not see a deer. You probably won't even see a deer this morning. If you do, the chances are you'll probably miss it. This is the first time you're hunting. So please just moderate your expectations. Don't be disappointed. Don't get overly excited. He kept telling me this over and over again. Anyway, I had breakfast and I sat on the steps outside the cabin and I was putting on my boots. I had the rifle right next to me. And then suddenly this deer walked out of the bush directly opposite me, right in front of me. And it just sort of stood there right in front of me. Ready to be shot. Ready to be shot. And I pick up the rifle put in the bullet and I hit the bolt, aimed, and I pulled the trigger, BANG! The deer fell down, just straight down. Anyway, my friend heard the gun go off and he came running outside wondering what was going on. And he saw me standing over the deer. And he, he was surprised but then he was also a little bit pissed off because it was one of the deers that he'd been taming for a while. So it was almost like a pet deer. I think that's sad, because obviously that's why the deer came close to you because the deer probably thought friends. But you like, prey. To answer your question, how did I feel afterwards? I felt pretty depressed, really, I felt pretty sad. I killed this animal. I knew academically, I knew these are pests. They destroy New Zealand plant life, they destroy habitats for birds and animals. But they are also Bambi and Bambi's mom. They are, but they create massive devastation, destroy the ecosystem. So there's two sides to it. True.The other thing is we don't hunt for fun, purely for fun if we are going hunting.Yeah, exactly. That's the question I'm gonna ask you if you're not hunting for fun or just for blowing off some steams. Then what do you do with the animals? Do you actually eat the animals that you hunt like a real sort of hunter? Different animals are obviously slightly different in use. Possums, they would have their fur plucked, so you would kill the possum and you take its fur. Pelt.It could be the pelt which could then be used and for example, leather jacket or some other clothing or it could just be the fur which you pluck out the fur. And then that can be then made into clothing fur. Possum fur is quite expensive now. There's a lot of clothing which they do possum fur and sheep wool blends which is really nice. I see. What about deer?For deer for goats, it's usually the meat. So after hunting we would then take the meat. One deer could feed myself and my wife for a couple of months. It's quite a bit of...Yes, you have those big freezers, you mentioned last time that you can just put the deer in. Correct, a chest freezer, big freezes. We've got one at the moment and it is filled with them, with meat. You know, swinging between... a pendulum, between ‘Bambi, don't you shoot Bambi and Bambi's mom,’ but venison, deer meat is yummy. It is good. And then of course, some people will take pelts and some people will take the antlers, deer antlers, quite popular.

"英文小酒馆致力于打造沉浸式英语学习社群，无论是微信社群、有声节目、线上活动和课程，我们都全心全意为爱好英语的你带去一份专属于英语的快乐。微信公众号: 【璐璐的英文小酒馆】 查音频节目文稿，了解广阔的世界。跟随我们的脚步，体会英语的温度。" Hi, everyone and welcome to your favorite segment Global Village. 欢迎回来《小酒馆·大世界》. Today in our studio we have our old friend Simon from New Zealand. Hi, Simon. Kia Ora. 你好. Kia Ora, Kia Ora. So I remember last time when we were doing the recording, you mentioned something about hunting, apparently you hunt now?Yeah. That is right Lulu. Since returning to New Zealand 10 years ago, 11years ago, I have taken up hunting.Okay. So I thought that would be a very interesting albeit quite foreign concept to a lot of our listeners. I thought let's explore that topic. Topic of hunting. Yes.First of all, and forgive me for being completely ignorant in this aspect. First of all, is it legal to hunt in New Zealand? Like, for example, are people allowed to have guns, weapons? Yeah, so in New Zealand, it is legal to have guns, although you need to get a firearms license, unlike the States where it seems that everyone has 27 guns; in New Zealand, you have to go through training. You've got to go through quite a significant police background check, mental health check, before you're able to get your firearms license. Without a firearms license, you can't buy a gun, you can't take ownership of a gun, you can't buy ammunition or anything related to guns. Okay. I assume you also need to register. That's correct. You have to register the firearms. You've got to have a gun safe in your property which has to be approved by the government. And the police will regularly come to your house and ask to see the gun safe and the gun... and make sure everything is stored properly. Okay, it's technically illegal for example, for me to say, Simon, you're my friend, can you lend me your gun? You cannot do that. That's correct. Although if you said Simon, let's go hunting together. As long as one of us has a firearms license, we can go hunting with someone does not have a firearms license. However, if you do something bad, if you start firing the gun up at the air at passing planes, then it's the person who has the firearms license that you're with that will be in trouble. I see. So whoever owns the gun holds that responsibility. That's correct. But I'm assuming you also have restrictions on what kind of firearms you are allowed to own. You're not allowed handguns. No. Pistols, that sort of thing. So in certain situations, people can apply for a license for a handgun. But it's very uncommon and it's highly regulated, also semiautomatic and automatic rifles just are totally illegal. A few years ago, we had a shooting event in Christchurch. The terrorist opened fire at a mosque and killed a number of people. And I think the next day our Prime Minister basically outlawed automatic and semi automatic rifles. 就是自动和半自动步枪. But I'm assuming with hunting, you just use regular rifles? 普通的步枪That's correct. So, sort of a bolt, a bolt action rifle, so it'll be one shot, bang, and then you have to ... reload, use the bolt and reload, and then the next shot.

欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is Stan. Sounds like a name, doesn't it？Well, it is, and it isn't. But it is related to fandom. 所以今天的Buzzword, 咱们就来聊聊和饭圈文化有关的词Stan. The term “stan” comes from the song of the same name on Eminem’s 2000 album, 要说这个词是怎么来的, 这就可以追溯到2000年, 当时事业如日中天的Eminem姆爷出的新专辑里有一首歌就叫做Stan. The song tells the story of an obsessed fan named Stan, who writes multiple letters to Eminem. Eventually, Stan’s obsession spirals out of control, and he becomes violent.这首歌讲的就是一个Eminem的狂热粉丝, 叫做Stan. 他不断的给姆爷写信, 表达他有多么的崇拜他, 但这些信因为得不到回应, 逐渐stand就变得更加疯狂, 而且更加的暴力.It is a pretty dark song. And we don't know where Eminem got the name stan or if the song was truly based on a real person.不过有不少人猜测, 之所以Eminem会把这个狂热粉丝的名字取作Stan, 是因为Stan是stalker跟踪狂和fan粉丝的合成词. Several years after the song's release, the term was picked up by early internet forums to refer to obsessive ardent fans. 随后的几年, 网上一些论坛就开始用Stan来指代那些疯狂迷恋某一个明星的粉丝. Since then, it’s evolved into a catchall term for self-identified online fans of all types of media personalities and artists.不过后来这个词在英语的饭圈也经常会被使用, 甚至有很多人会自称Stan. An urban dictionary entry describing stan for intense fandom was added in 2006. 网上的俚语词典, urban dictionary 2006年就加入了Stan词条, and one of the first tweets using stan as a verb for greatly liking someone came in 2008. 随后 Stan就不只是一个名词了. 再有人发推的时候就把stan作为一个动词来表示狂热的迷恋某一位明星.Over the years, “stan” has morphed into a go-to slang term for diehard fans and was added to the Oxford English Dictionary in 2017.随后作为狂热粉丝这个意思的Stan就留存下来, 并且在2017年被收录到牛津词典.Along with the development of the language, a movement called “stan culture” has also appeared. 随之而来的不光是词汇的变迁, 还包括叫stan culture的, 你可以把它理解成狂热饭圈文化. This particular slang term spread online in the late 2000s and early 2010s withstands of different fandoms arguing for the superiority of their interests. In 2010, the website stan wars launched because of these online arguments. 因为stan culture的大流行, 在2010年出现了这样的一个网站, 就叫Stan Wars, 你可以把它理解为饭圈大战, so that people from different fandoms can fight and argue with each other. 基本上类似于那种什么 “我家哥哥比你们家的好” 那种争论. So in English they're called stans or diehard fans. And interestingly, in Korean, there is an equivalent. 在韩语里有一个相对应的词叫做sasaeng. 听起来是不是有点耳熟？其实就是私生饭, 而中文里的私生饭就是从韩语里借过来的. They're basically described as these stans or diehard fans that are driven by their obsession to commit borderline criminal acts in order to gain attention from celebrities. Now if you don't know anything about fandom, you might wonder what do stans do, how are they different from regular fans？如果你一点都不懂饭圈文化, 可能你会觉得说喜欢一个人我不就是他的粉丝吗？这些所谓的stan和一般的粉丝有什么区别呢？ Stans are often able to organize and create large-scale movements that have an impact on social media. So for example, they might be actively streaming or purchasing new songs so that they will rank higher on music charts. 比如他们会短期刷量, 帮助他们家idol的新专辑打榜;Regularly posting or tweeting about their favorite artist to raise awareness.Creating and popularizing various hashtags, trends, memes.不断的刷热搜;Participating in stan wars. 和其他爱豆的粉丝进行饭圈大战;Defending their fave artist during any potential scandals.在ta们的爱豆塌房或者疑似塌房的时候, 站出来力挺爱豆; Stan's have had a profound effect on overall internet culture. And in both English and Chinese, they've even formed their own language called stan language.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~Hi, everyone. And welcome back to your favorite segment Across the Pond. 欢迎回来你 们最喜欢的【英美大不同】. Hi, James. Hi, lulu, hi, everyone. Hi安澜. Hello.You just remind me of like a groundhog or like a mole person. Thank you. OK, we digress. So for those of you who are not familiar with this segment, we invite James and 安澜, James from America and安澜from the UK, we are going to do a comparison in how they are dealing with different social situations. Today, our topic is, drum roll plays, traveling abroad.YeahBecause we finally can. Any travel plans, by the way, before we start? Well, I got a list, Japan, Europe, America, Thailand, Southeast Asia. I can keep going. It's a long list.Same here actually. What about you安澜?Pretty much the same. I've already been back to the UK once, I'm gonna go back again in the summer, but 'm hoping to go to Southeast Asia. OK. So this should be right up your alley. Question one, you've gone to paradise. This could be any sort of tropical islands or whatever you like. But for the week you are there, it rains constantly for the first time in years. What would you do, how would you react? Being American...I've got two Pina Coladas, one for each hand. I want to make the best of it. No, we're still in paradise and they got... the bar is still open. Don't admit defeat, just keep going. Would you still like venture out when it's like pouring with rain? Yes, that's either... I spent all these money to come here. It's like it's warm, it's only wet be either this or jump in the ocean. So...I see. And 安澜I would pretty much do what I was gonna do if it was sunny, stay in my room, look on my phone, read a book, have a beer.安澜 for you traveling is just like finding different places to read your book.And finding different drinks to accompany that. So I've tried American beer, English beer, German beer, Japanese beer. Exactly .That's how you know you traveled. Yeah. Remind me to take you to a bar that offers all those type of world beers. Then you save on the traveling expenses. All right. Honestly, for me, I probably complain the whole time because I absolutely hate rain. I don't do well in rain. You guys are not gonna respond to that. No. All right. Question two, you arrive at the “Beach-view pleasure Resort” 什么海景房, 海景度假村. Only to discover your mosquito-infested room faces a charming brick wall. Bring American, you...I mean it is the most amazing brick wall of everything in my life. It is red with black mortar, the room comes with pets. Are you gonna complain them, seriouslyYeah, but we're gonna have a sense of humor about it. Ok, wouldn't you be angry that you paid for Beach-view pleasure Resort?Yes, most Americans would be quite upset, but they would also be really bemused. And安澜？ Well, certainly I will not be happy about it, but I would look out the window. I would enjoy the mosquitoes and tell everyone I'm having a wonderful time. And then at the end of the holiday, leave a very bad review on trip advisor. So neither of you would just move out and consider another hotel? That costs much. And we already spent a lot of money on this awesome viewed hotel and it's... we can't admit defeat. These are called surrender, or else mosquitoes will win. Next question, now I'm assuming is gonna be different for the two of you, you go down for breakfast in the hotel to discover bountiful buffet of every type of cuisine imaginable. 早餐什么都有, 世界各地的美食. What do you go for？Let’s have James again. If you're the smart traveler, you eat the local stuff because they're less likely to mess it up, but the average American, bacon, bacon, bacon, eggs, potatoes. Would you say Americans are generally not very adventurous when it comes to exotic food?Not really, if it's like, no, I mean they'll do continental, a nice cold cuts and cheese and croissants that's not stretching there. That's not pushing them very far. They'll do that. But if it's like, what's this?

英文小酒馆致力于打造沉浸式英语学习社群，无论是微信社群、有声节目、线上活动和课程，我们都全心全意为爱好英语的你带去一份专属于英语的快乐。微信公众号: 【璐璐的英文小酒馆】 查音频节目文稿，了解广阔的世界。跟随我们的脚步，体会英语的温度。1. Come back, even as a shadow,even as a dream (Euripides)归来吧，哪怕只是一片影子一个梦境也好，归来吧。（欧里庇得斯） 2. Sometimes memories sneak out of my eyes and roll down my cheeks.有时回忆会从眼角偷偷溜出来，滑落我的腮边。 3. Sometimes when one person is absent, the whole world seems depopulated.明明只少了那么一个人，整个世上却都冷清了。 4. If tears could build a stairway, and memories a lane, I’d walk right up to heaven and bring you home again. 用眼泪和回忆，能不能建成通向天国的阶梯，接你回来团聚。5. Perhaps they are not the stars, but rather openings in heaven where the love of our lost ones pours through and shines down upon us to let us know they are happy. 夜空的繁星，也许正是我们在天上的那些亲爱的人们流泻而出的爱意，让我们知道他们在天国很好。6. Those we love and lose are always connected by heartstrings into infinity.那些我们深爱的人，即使离开，也不会切断两颗心之间永恒的纽带。 7. If the people we love are stolen from us, the way to have them live on is to never stop loving them.只要我们心里依然爱着，我们深爱的人就一直没有从这个世界离开。 8. We never truly get over a loss,but we can move forward and evolve from it.我们也许永远无法忘却失去亲人爱人挚友的悲痛，但是我们仍然可以从这种悲痛中成长，继续向前。 Almost everything—all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure—these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart.几乎所有的事，所有外界的期许，骄傲，碍于面子的担忧和对失败的恐惧，在死亡面前都不值一提。记住我们每个人终将死去，才能避免在人生中患得患失。我们都会赤裸裸地面对死亡，所以在活着的每一天都去追随自己的心吧。(乔布斯)以上内容来自专辑璐璐的英语小酒馆

《小酒馆·大世界》-世界各处的文化和精彩，在小酒馆触手可得哦~ 欢迎关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，可以查看更多精彩内容，查看英语全文稿哦~In the previous episode, we were talking to Aladin, our guest speaker from France about whether French people are truly romantic, and let's continue with that topic today.So now let's move on from just dating to perhaps more settling down whether it's just long term relationship or actually getting married. Would you say when it comes to more serious dating or settling down, French people are still more romantic or pragmatic? The reason why I'm asking is really like in China a lot of the times when we consider marriage, we consider a lot of pragmatic elements, for example, assets, properties, whether the two families match, you know, this whole门当户对thing, does it happen in France?What I found really interesting, because when I just arrived in China, you just start using dating apps especially when you don't know anyone in the country. I was really surprised to see like so many girls telling me you look nice Aladin but like I'm looking for potential wedding, like I'm looking for a potential husband, and like I could sense that already for them like as a foreigner, as a French person coming to China, maybe you're not gonna stay forever. I was just kind of so shocked to see that people would not like give it a chance. It was like so practical already from the get go and you're just like what's the interest of dating? Then if you are just like have already like some kind of checklist of what you want exactly to achieve, then shouldn't we all on those apps put exactly or 户口 and how many money we make each month so that we would be faster this way. So to tell you that as a French person, we don't officially... we would not say something like that, like when you go out and you date and you meet people, you're supposed to find maybe the one love of your life. Common interests. Common interests. But officially like in my own friends and people around me like we would never say like, this guy was nice, but he is like from a poor family so I'm just gonna drop him and this is not gonna work. People will never say that like that would be seen as extremely conservative and really weird. So people are out to meet their love of their life. And in theory, you are not supposed to be too practical about those kind of things. I like that you said in theory. Because at the end of it, for example, like I don't have any study in mind, but for example one day, I, because my dad got married like 5 years ago, in French mayor office like you have some kind of official announcement, it's the law, like you're supposed to put official wedding so that if someone was already married...Objects....the wedding, the people could be “喂, that guy you already got married to this other person like years ago.” So I was out of curiosity, I went to take a picture of my dad like official wedding information. It was taken down, but that doesn't matter, but I was like checking like the 25 couples that got married. I could clearly see that every social class were staying together like a worker with a worker, like a movie, a film production company guy was like married, like an actress, like a doctor was marrying a nurse. So you could see that men would always marry someone from their same social status or they would marry someone a little bit under them. But you would never have like a female surgeon marrying like a 保安 and like a cop or someone like that like people were just like staying around their own ...Social circles.Social circle, and even I see my own friends like if I look around, I come from a middle class Paris family, more like a liberal type of people. So we were supposed to be open minded, but I can clearly see that the people around me they choose people at the end of the day, not that many people choose someone under their social background.I think it's one of those things that you probably not consciously doing it, but subconsciously you're definitely you're kind of stick

Hi everyone. And welcome back to 酒馆, welcome back to your favorite segment, Global Village, 《小酒馆·大世界》, and we have a new guest speaker in the studio today. Aladin is from France and he is a fellow podcaster, a content producer. Together we're going to do a few episodes on different aspects of French culture and lifestyle. Exciting! Exciting!Welcome to the show Aladin. Hello Lulu, bonjour à tous et merci de m'avoir invité dans votre programme. So hi guys and thank you for inviting me on your show. First things first, can you give us a little bit of introduction? I know you are right now working in Beijing and you have been in Beijing for a few years. So what do you do apart from creating your own podcast?Sure so my name is really Aladin, I'm from France. I can do the French accent if you want but I will avoid it. No joke aside. I've been living in China for 7 years. I've always been working in film and TV, mainly documentaries and podcast. I've worked in Paris then I went to Nanjing to study Chinese, then I worked in private company public Chinese media, and since 2 years I started my own company. Basically a freelancer in podcast and documentary I do a bit of film translation. I actually did like a few translation for Wandering Earth II. There was like a ... see, a few lines were in French so thank you for supporting the movie I guess. And I'm currently based in Beijing. So basically I thought there are so many topics that we can talk about, but let's start with a lighthearted topic. I'm sure you get asked this a lot living in China. It's when people hear you're from France, they would say French people, very romantic. So I thought we talk about are French people really romantic? That's a good question. What's really funny is that each time I meet a new friend and everyone is like法国人，那你一定很浪漫. And I think it's so funny because it's basically the first thing that most people who don't know me say, like I feel it's kind of a way for them to make a bridge and talk to me. What's pretty funny, tiny anecdotes, like a few weeks ago, I was in France, I bought a book about a French artist who used to come to China a lot between the 80s all the way to 2010, really interesting book, and what's so funny is that in the 80s when he was saying he was French, like people were saying you are like from a French, you are from a romantic and revolutionary country. So it's really funny that the mindset of how Chinese see French’s maybe changed a little bit, like people don't see us as revolutionary as before. They sure see us as being really romantic. Yeah, but like seriously, I don't even think this is just what Chinese people think. For example, I met people from other countries, when they have the stereotype or notion of French people, they would also use the word romantic. So the whole idea that France is a romantic nation or French people are romantic, as a French person yourself, how much truth do you think this notion actually holds?Yeah, it's true like everyone, I think would have like some kind of a cliche vision of France like no matter where they're from in the world. What's really funny is that for us, French people, we would think that when we think about romantic country, the first thing we think about is Italy. We think that people from Italy are more romantic than us. When they say your French are so romantic, I'm just like, didn't you guys get the memo or something? So I think that's pretty funny. But it's true that France is actually, I mean, France is the most visited country in the world like and so many people go there on their honeymoon. Who, where and how this whole trend started? I can't quite say who did that, but I think this guy in charge of Paris marketing was pretty good. Because now like I have so many people who said like with my girlfriend with my boyfriend, Paris was like our first destination for our honeymoon or for like abroad trip together, things like that. Paris is seen as a romantic city for sure

欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~In today's Buzzword Mix, our Buzzword is Cringe. I know in the past few episodes in this segment, we were talking about pretty serious stuff. So I thought in this buzzword we’ll opt for something that's a lot more light-hearted and fun and very much related to social media. 今天的Buzzword里面说的这个词就跟社交媒体超级相关. 最近不是大家都在说 TikTok 吗？在TikTok里面你也可以经常的看到这个词, 它已经成为网络梗 meme这样的一个存在. Let's first of all, look at the definition. Cringe now usually means when someone acts/ or is so embarrassing or awkward, it makes you feel extremely ashamed and/or embarrassed. 这个词的意思就是说, 当你看到别人做出那种很让人觉得尴尬或者别扭的举动的时候, 你自己都会觉得尬抽或者说尬到脚趾抠地抠出三室一厅这样的一种感觉. 因此 Cringe就真是完全对应了咱们中文网上说的 “尬到了” “尬抽了” 这个感觉. This word Cringe came from Old English, the word Cringan originally meant to fall, to yield in battled, 本来还有 “投降”的意思. Now Cringan then became Cringe sometime in the 16th century when it introduced the feelings of fear and embarrassment. 到了16世纪它就开始有了恐惧和尴尬的意思. Finally, by the 19th century, the meaning had cemented itself; cringe meant to “recoil in embarrassment, shame, or fear.”到了19世纪它就变成了 “尴尬”或者 “羞耻到扭曲”这样的一个感觉.

《小酒馆·大世界》-世界各处的文化和精彩，在小酒馆触手可得哦~ 欢迎关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，可以查看更多精彩内容，查看英语全文稿哦~ In the previous episode, Simon and I were talking about disasters relief in New Zealand after the Cyclone, and we’re gonna continue that topic today. Yeah. I have an office in the town center, the city center, we also have a small school like a private training institute. So we decided to open the doors, our staff and students as well, some of them were in the evacuation centers, they were in emergency accommodation. So you put them up. We communicated with them and they communicated with other migrants, like mostly Asian migrants that were living in Hawke’s Bay. We opened our office, opened our school and we provided a free Asian style meals. Wow.We managed to get generators going, so we were providing power for charging mobile phones devices. We managed to power the water cylinder, so people could have showers at the office. That's amazing. I don't know how we managed to do it, but we somehow managed to secure Starlink, which is a satellite internet service. So even before the government, the local governments could get connected, we had internet power, hot water and hot meals. I think for the first week or so, every day we had around 150 to 200 migrants coming through for charging, food. Mostly Chinese, also quite a lot of Koreans, Japanese, Vietnamese, Cambodians, Filipinos. Can I just ask that, I know this sounds like a really pragmatic question, but if you're feeding, like you said, you're providing food for that many people like if you're doing it again and again day after day, that is a lot of expenses. Now is that... do you mind if I ask is that coming out of your basically your company’s account or your own personal account or will the government help out? Because I would assume local government should help out in this because it is disaster relief, right？Or is it through some fundraiser？Yeah, so to answer your question, it's pretty much ‘yes’ to all of the above. So firstly, the Korean embassy they contacted me or were... actually pretty early on, they were trying to contact me, they couldn't get through because the phones were down. As soon as we got onto Starlink, we responded to them. They asked me to go to a Korean supermarket which sells Korean food, Asian food, and the embassy effectively instructed them to provide my school with any supplies that I needed for the Korean nationals living within Hawke’s Bay. We were giving out food parcels to the Korean community. We also got some support later on from a few community groups, but mostly, for example, the generator was provided by me. The fuel was provided by me. A lot of the meat was provided by me. The non-perishables were, some of it was donated, some of it my company paid for. So basically, you paid for the lion share of it, but also lots of people and organizations, communities chipped in. Yeah, I mean, for example, quite a lot of the meat because all the fridges, freezers, were dying and were gone because there's no power. I know quite a few people who own restaurants in Hawke’s Bay rather than letting their meet their products go rotten, they would allow me to go and take it and then cook it and then provide it to the migrants. One of the restaurants is next door to my office. They have gas cookers. The gas was still going so there was no electricity but there was gas. They allowed us to do a lot of our cooking in their kitchens. That's a good thing. By the way, who cooked those meals?It was members of the various communities. So one day we had Chinese, like jiaozi, dumplings, noodle soup that was made by us with our Chinese students. They cook for everyone. We did a Vietnamese like full noodle meal lunch. We did a Korean barbecue. So every day we had different dishes. It sounds almost like a community cultural week, kind of events. I know it’s disaster relief, but it's very nice to hear the community then comes together, I think we should have another episode

Hi everyone and welcome back to Global Village. 欢迎回来你们最喜欢的板块【小酒馆·大世界】. Today we have a new guest speaker, but also...actually a recurring guest speaker, 今天是我们的老朋友Simon, Simon from New Zealand. Hi Simon. Kia ora , 你好.First of all, let me, just out of my concern before we get into the recording, let me ask you about the recent natural disaster that happened in your part of New Zealand. 最近新西兰是有一个cyclone, right？We did. So about three weeks ago, four weeks ago, we had really large that the largest cyclone on records parts of New Zealand. My city was the worst affected area. I'm sorry to hear that. We had about 10 days with no power, no electricity, no internet, or most people no internet. 10 days? So no phones, no internet, no power, some places, no water. It was quite scary. That must be really tough. I thought, shall we just talk about the sort of disaster preparedness and also self reliance in New Zealand, perhaps in this topic？Sure. All right. So first things first, is this common, you said it’s the largest, but does it happen often or regularly, this cyclone or similar natural disasters？Yeah, New Zealand has had its fair share of natural disasters, about ten twelve years ago we had the Christchurch earthquakes which destroyed the city of Christchurch. We had the Kaikoura earthquakes. And then in 2019... volcano? Yes, we had White Island, the volcano eruption, and there were I think 8 people killed in that, terrible event. It sounds scary because when last time I was in New Zealand with my parents, my parents actually went to that island, went to that exact scene, and then that's really scary to think about. Now I'm going to ask you, I know it's still very, very fresh, I hope you don't mind, you mentioned about this cyclone sort of like the electricity was gone, water was gone. So how badly were people affected？For example, in terms of casualties or just normal family, are they out of supplies or their homes flooded, for example.There was about ten deaths in the country, so people died... drowned due to floods or falling debris. There are a few people died. A lot of people were made homeless, either temporarily or they have now totally lost their homes. Within my company, we have one of my staff members, her house was totally flooded out, almost 2 meters of mud right through the house. So she lost everything. It was terrible. I think it is about 5,000 homes which have been destroyed, which for small... for my city which has around 60,000 people, it's a lot.That is a very high percentage. I'm just a little bit curious, may be curious is not the right word, but will they get for example compensated by like for example insurance company or is there disaster relief funds to help them rebuild their homes？Absolutely, while the average Kiwi loves to complain about the government. The reality is that our government compared to most around the world is very generous. Whenever there are natural disasters, they will put in support packages for families, for businesses and for individuals. There's already a number of financial support products available provided by the government. Most people, I think almost everyone would have insurance. So while it's very upsetting to lose your house to lose your property, there will be people who are financially much worse off. But most people will be able to claim and get some reimbursed. Compensation or relief funds. I see that's nice to know actually. What about yourself. Last time we talked, I remember you’re telling me that you are or you were less affected. So it's a bit of a secret, but I'm a secretly a bit of a prepper. I love to be prepared for things. My wife always complains that I buy too much camping equipment. However, for the cyclone, yeah. Are you one of those people that has his own secret bunker and just prepared for the sort of end of the world scenario？I probably would if I was allowed to, my wife won't allow me to do that. No, but I, compared to most p

"欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~" In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is Clean Sleep. Do you know that yesterday was World Sleep Day？大家知道昨天是【世界睡眠日】吗？Sleep is one of those topics that is hugely important to us, but we often tend to ignore it. Regardless of your age, you probably have experienced some form of sleeping disorder at certain point in your life. I know I have. So in today's buzzword, let us take a look at this relatively new idea called Clean Sleep. But before we talk about the buzzword itself, let's take a look at the harmful consequences of poor quality sleep. 不过在我们说 buzzword 之前, 我们先来看看 poor quality sleep睡眠质量不佳可能会导致的一些问题. Poor quality sleep can be unsettling for the metabolism and hormones. 它是会扰乱你的新陈代谢和激素水平, which can lead to weight gain, bad moods, impaired memory, and brain fog, as well as serious health concerns, such as inflammation and reduced immunity, which can increase your risk of chronic disease. 随之而来的就是比如体重上升, 情绪不佳, 记忆力受损, 出现这种类似于脑雾一样的情况, 甚至还会有长期反复的炎症, 免疫力降低, 这也就意味着你可能更容易得慢性病. It goes without saying that poor sleep is terrible from a beauty perspective, that is why sometimes people say they need their beauty sleep.而且对你的容貌也会产生影响, 这是为什么有些女生会说要睡美容觉beauty sleep. So now let's get to the buzzword itself, what is clean sleep？这个几年前才出现的概念, 你可以把它翻译成 “洁净睡眠”或者 “清洁睡眠”. Clean sleep is a practice centered around maximizing your sleep hygiene before bedtime. This includes ensuring your mind, body, and sleeping area are all optimized for a healthy night’s rest. 这里的 “清洁睡眠”主要是说要准备你的身、心、 包括你的整个睡眠的区域, 都能够达到一个最好的状态, 最适合你去休息, 也能让你最快入眠. Here I'm gonna share with you some really achievable tips for getting your sleep scrubbed up. 所以要实现这种Clean Sleep和大家分享几个切实可行的小技巧. Number one, eat breakfast every day and within 30 minutes of getting up, this stops the body from running on 'adrenaline energy' which is one of the main causes of shallow, ‘muddy’ sleep.早上起来尽快吃早餐, 这样你的身体不会只是靠 adrenalin energy, 靠肾上腺素撑着, 这样你会更容易有深层睡眠. Number two, minimize stimulants throughout the day – especially caffeine and refined sugars. Don't use caffeine as a substitute for food especially at breakfast and avoid caffeinated drinks after 2pm.尽量在你的一天中少接触会让你神经兴奋的这种stimulants, 特别是咖啡因和精制糖. 早餐也不要喝一杯咖啡了事, 尽量在下午2点之后不要喝任何带咖啡因的饮料. Number three, drink 1.5-2 liters of water every day to create clean cells and circulation. This includes fruit juices, non-caffeinated herbal teas, but avoid ‘low sugar’ drinks which may contain colorants, stimulants and other chemicals which can affect your sleep quality.

"英文小酒馆致力于打造沉浸式英语学习社群，无论是微信社群、有声节目、线上活动和课程，我们都全心全意为爱好英语的你带去一份专属于英语的快乐。微信公众号: 【璐璐的英文小酒馆】 查音频节目文稿，了解广阔的世界。跟随我们的脚步，体会英语的温度。" You might be wondering: hang on, where’s the Scottish people? We talked about French, English, Welsh, where are the Scots？Yes, where are the Scots？This is when they come to England and they are called the Stuarts. 斯图亚特王朝, that's in early 17th century?Yeah, 1603. James I of England and James VI of Scotland was the Scottish king, and he ruled both England and Scotland under one crownJust let me add in one thing. I think if you want to know more about English history or British history, you really just need to remember a few names, but you need to remember the numbers. Yes. Because it's just the repetition of a few names but with a number attached to it.Pretty much. Okay. So wasn't that the time for Guy Fawkes, like Guy Fawkes night, Guy Fawkes? In one of our earlier episodes, one of our very early episodes we talked about Guy Fawkes and the gunpowder plot. And James I was the man, the King that Guy Fawkes tried to kill. In the gunpowder plot. Yes. Now James I didn't die in the gunpowder plot and eventually his son Charles I came to the throne. Now Charles I fought in the English Civil War. He fought against parliament, parliament won, and King Charles I had his head cut off. I think similar to Chinese history, all these fight for throne and all these fight for jockeying for power, pretty bloody. It was. Even as King or Emperor, you're not exempt. But the difference is that after Charles I was executed, England became a republic. So before it was a monarch. Yeah.Now it became a republic, but you still have the monarch, though. That's because Oliver Cromwell ruled the Commonwealth when we had no king. He became the lord protector; and to be honest, they were very unpopular, they were so unpopular that they actually asked Charles II, Charles I’s son to come back and take the throne. 所以就把君主制又搬回来了. And this is called the restoration. 就是查理二世后面又复辟了, came back to the throne, restoration. It was towards the end of the Stuarts. In1707, Scotland and England became united in the Act of Union. So that is when we started to call the country Great Britain. In 1707, before it was just England, Scotland, separate countries. And this meant that England Scotland became pretty much the same country but there are lots and lots of differences in the law, the customs, and we won’t get going to it this time, it can get a bit complicated. I mean we can use a separate episode to talk about that. Yes. After the Stuarts came the Hanoverians .汉诺威王朝 So the Hanoverians actually came from Hanover in Germany in 1714. They were the ones that couldn't really speak much English in the beginning. That's right, George I couldn't speak much English and was dependent on the first Prime Minister Robert Walpole. We talked about that, that's where Prime Minister我们之前跟安澜录过一集, 讲英国政府的, 就讲为什么会有首相, 最开始的首相主要就是因为这个国王不会讲英文, he is like a translator. So around this time, later, you had George III, George III was the last King of America. Oh, and then they became independent.美国独立之前, 最后的一个王就是乔治三世. Yes. And eventually he became ill and was thought to be mad. And his son George, later George IV became the Prince Regent. 乔治三世的儿子也就是乔治四世, 也就是后面的Prince Regent摄政王. 我们专门录了另外一集节目, 就专门来讲荒唐的Prince Regent的. Yeah, that's a really interesting episode. And later the throne goes to Queen Victoria in 1837. And started the Victorian Age, 然后就到了维多利亚时代了. 维多利亚时代是1837年开始的, 1837, so Queen Victoria still belong to the Hanoverians. Technically yes. But because she lived for so long and also she wasn't one of the rulers of Hanover because she was not allowed to, because she was a woman. Then we started to basically the Hanoverians were phased out. I see, I think then you're kind of fast forwarding to the Royal House now which is the Windsors. 然后就到了温莎王朝, 现在还是温莎, 对吧？Yes. Now this gets a little bit complicated because they weren't called

"英文小酒馆致力于打造沉浸式英语学习社群，无论是微信社群、有声节目、线上活动和课程，我们都全心全意为爱好英语的你带去一份专属于英语的快乐。微信公众号: 【璐璐的英文小酒馆】 查音频节目文稿，了解广阔的世界。跟随我们的脚步，体会英语的温度。" Hi, everyone and welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话英伦】. Hi, 安澜 Hi Lulu, hi everyone. So can I propose a topic？ It depends on the topic. I kind of got into historical drama or period drama like British TV show. 就是英国这种历史、什么宫廷剧. Ok. I thought it’s interesting, lots of plotting, lots of gossip. Yes. But, as you know, my history sucks. It is pretty bad, your history. So all of these dynasties, all of these royal families, royal houses, these really confused me, I thought, can we talk about royal houses, dynasties in England？ Yeah, of course. So similar to china, we calculate history by dynasties or royal houses. 所以你们也有这种概念, 什么我们的唐宋元明清, 然后你们也是按照chronological编年的顺序, can't wait for you to walk me through some of the famous and most important... do you call it dynasties or royal houses？ I would say we call them royal houses. So there are six of the most famous and important houses. House number one, the Normans, 1066-1144. 诺曼王朝, the Norman, I thought they came from France. Is that right？ They came from Normandy. They were originally vikings that's settled in Normandy. And the first king was William the Conqueror. He came from Normandy, he defeated the Anglo-Saxon King Harold at the Battle of Hasting in 1066. William I or William the Conqueror was not a particularly nice person and he just wanted to get as much money as possible. What he did was he ordered the Domesday Book to be created. Now the Domesday Book was an inventory of everything and everyone in England. It was essentially the first census. 相当于第一次人口普查, 所有人都登个记，所有东西都登个记. It sounds rather boring. But in many cities, many villages it's the first mention in the historical record. And this is where many places in the UK their history starts from the Domesday Book. How long did he rule？He ruled, you said to 1144? Not him personally. He had a couple of children, but it ended during what is known as the anarchy when there was fighting between Matilda who was one of the daughters of the King and her cousin Stephen. Can I just ask, ... dynasties how it works？Is it just one royal house can hold the power can control the country, then they will just rule. Yes. They are usually replaced because they were defeated and chased away or killed.Well, yes. In the early history. But in many cases, particularly more modern history is because there's no heir, so it goes to another Royal House. 所以更近的历史干脆没有人,后继无人了, 只能是到另外一个 Royal House. I see. So that leads us now to our next Royal House, the Plantagenets. The Plantagenet. 这个词非常罕见, 就专门我只在英国历史里面见过叫做金雀花王朝. Plantagenet, is that the name of a flower？ It's a French name of a flower. It's old French. I see. Now the reason why they have a French name is because this Royal House actually ruled huge parts of France, and they were essentially French in the outlook. The most famous King of this period was Richard, the Lion Heart. 狮心王。 Who went on the Crusades and fought for Jerusalem. 就圣战, the religious Crusade. He was a particularly bad king. He didn't actually like England. And according to the stories, he didn't actually really speak any English. I think it was not the only time in European history where a Royal House that doesn't really speak the local language ruled the local people. It does happen quite a lot, but his brother, King John. Now that is an interesting character. He was famously bad, wicked, unpopular. And he was so unpopular, he actually led to the Magna Carta being signed. 大宪章 。Why？ Because his Nobles were so angry with him that they wanted him to sign the Magna Carta to guarantee their rights. But King John didn't really think much of this and he probably ignored it and they carried on fighting. I see. Now the Plantagenets

"欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~" In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is Unbanked. Even if you don't follow up on any financial news, I'm sure in the past couple of days, you have seen the headlines about the Silicon Valley bank collapse. 即使你完全不关注金融新闻, 相信在过去的几天内也刷到了美国硅谷银行倒闭的信息. Now this has triggered a lot of discussions even fear about the security of banks. 今天的buzzword我们不讨论新闻, 就来说说和银行有关的词Unbanked. 这个词没有特别正式的官方翻译, 基本上你可以把它理解为 “没有银行账户的人”. Now it's easy to assume that with the world's digital financial services advancements that everyone today has a bank account, but this is far from the truth. According to the World Bank's latest report, nearly 1.4 billion people are unbanked globally. That's close to 1/5 of the global population. 在听节目的大家可能每天用着各种的移动金融/移动支付, 会觉得这个世界上所有的人都至少会有银行账户, 但实际上这个世界上有将近14亿的人口是属于unbanked的状态. Unbanked is an informal term for adults who do not use banks or banking institutions in any capacity. 指的就是不使用任何银行或者银行机构的成年人. While often an issue in the developing world, there are also pockets of unbanked adults in developed countries. Unbanked people generally pay for things in cash. They also typically do not have insurance, pensions, or any other type of financial money related services. 这一部分的人口他们通常都只能用现金或者一些其他的方式进行交易, 同时也基本上不会有保险, 养老金等等专业的和银行相关的服务. They may take advantage of alternative financial services such as check-cashing and payday lending if such services are available to them.那需要钱的时候, 他们有的时候会通过check-cashing, 支票兑换, 或者一个叫做payday lending, 发薪日贷款, 也就是承诺说用你下一次发的薪水来偿还你现在的借贷这样的一个短期的金融服务. Now remember earlier I said there is also unbanked population in developed countries. However, there is no doubt that there is a widening disparity between the world's developed and developing countries when it comes to banking services. According to the UN’s report, in 2021, developed countries have 94% of adults with a bank account, while in developing countries that figure plummets to 71%. There is also a divide between men and women with more women in the unbanked population. 除了没有银行账户Unbanked这个词, 其实还有一个相关的词汇叫做Underbanked. This refers to families who have checking or savings accounts, so these basic accounts, but they more often rely on alternative financial services such as money orders, check-cashing services, payday loans as opposed to traditional loans and credit cards to manage their finances. 这个Underbanked相当于说是银行业务使用率不足, 这样的家庭他即使有基本的银行账户, 与其选择这些传统的银行借贷或者是信用卡, 他平时的一些金融需求可能更多的会去选择, 比如说像money orders汇票以及我们刚才说的发薪日贷款或者是支票兑换等等服务. Now you probably want to ask why people become unbanked, because it sounds very inconvenient. Now according to the Global Findex survey, people who remain unbanked, they give specific reasons. The most common one is simply lack of money. Another reason is some unbanked adults said that they just don't need an account, some others state that bank accounts are just too expensive. And other reasons include distance, documentation requirements, distrust in the financial system and religious concerns. According to surveys in developed countries, including the US and UK you can hear some similar reasons for being unbanked. This includes cost of opening bank accounts or managing your finances at a bank, lack of trust in mainstream banking institutions or simply people's lack of financial literacy or knowledge of banking products.

《小酒馆·大世界》-世界各处的文化和精彩，在小酒馆触手可得哦~ 欢迎关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，可以查看更多精彩内容，查看英语全文稿哦~All right. As we're coming sort of to the end of our Brad in Japan Series, I've heard that you also bought properties in Japan, and I say properties not just one house, but you've bought multiple. And... Yeah, I bought two.OK. How was the process? Was it difficult foreigner to buy properties to buy houses, flats in Japan? It wasn't so difficult, buying a flat is going to be more difficult simply because there's like a kind of a group, you know, like an apartment complex group where... because everyone owns the property and so you're being brought into that group of people and you're all living together within the same complex.And so that can become a problem, especially with like paying for the apartment fees and things like that nowadays you can't send money very easily without being like a resident of Japan. So if you live here, buying a flat is great, but if you don't live here, I would probably not suggest that now. But buying a house you don't have to do those monthly fees and you don't have to deal with like that group and so......on the land.It's actually much easier, yeah.As far as like buying property goes, it's quite a simple process as long as you have everything taken care of. They... not something... I have seen like stamps being used in China, right, like in the US we don't use stamps. But like in China people use stamps like when you always stamp a document. In Japan they also stamp documents and you have to have like a registered stamp with the government to do things. If you're a foreigner, you can use your signature, but you actually have to go to your embassy and get a special like notarized document saying that this is your signature in order to do it. But aside from that, if you have money, cash is king so to say, as long as you have the money to buy the property, you can buy the property.I see. So it sounds like you really got it sorted in Japan like you're assimilating quite well, you're enjoying your life there. But for sure there are frustrating moments, no?Yeah, I just dealt with like a whole month of a frustration after a frustration.Oh, wow. And I needed a few documents, so I could apply for a program that I wanted to enter, I was gonna enter a motor sports engineering program.I had my mom sent me a bunch of stuff and got lost in the mail, like the package had got damaged. It was like held up for an extra 10 days. And when I got the package finally, it didn't have one of the most important documents, my birth certificate. Either my mom had lost it and forgot to send it or it was taken out of the package or fell out of the package when it got damaged. Like everything kind of like got set back and I got a PDF copy of a new birth certificate in which took a little bit of time. Then I had to do all the translation and stuff. And so I'm already late on... not really late, but getting really close to the deadline of having to submit all my documents. The last thing that I had to do was make a payment for all my test fee and entrance fee and everything. I went to the post office because I don't have a bank account, I have a postal savings account, which is essentially the same thing. It's just at the post office and that's the closest to my apartment.So that's what I use, but that the document that I was supposed to use had a place for a stamp and the post office doesn't do stamps because they're not a regular bank. They told me that they couldn't send the money and it's like, okay, I went to the bank. The bank was closed early. Banks already closed really early, they close at like 3pm. 3pm?I went to the bank. There's actually one bank that's open later, but it's not even remotely close to my apartment. So I went to the bank, the bank was closed. I'm like, so what am I going to do? I contacted the school and they said well, try to pay at the convenience store.

《小酒馆·大世界》-世界各处的文化和精彩，在小酒馆触手可得哦~ 欢迎关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，可以查看更多精彩内容，查看英语全文稿哦~This idea in Japanese called Yutori Sedai, like宽松世代. So basically people who were born, I think after 1985 or 1987, 就是85后90后日本的这一代, because they enjoyed a more relaxed educational system, there was less competition. So I think as you described, they are probably more focused on work-life balance, a little bit more compared to the older generation, for example, like their parents generation. Yeah.And the other thing about the work, I don't know about the US, I think to some extent, China is a bit similar to Japan in this… in terms of the seniority, 这种论资排辈, although we don't call them前辈后辈, but this whole seniority thing, is it still very pronounced in Japanese culture especially at work？Very much so, it's one of those things that's ingrained in people from elementary school, you have the Senpai and kōhai relationship. 就前辈后辈. Do they actually like people would actually call you Senpai？If you were for example in the company a few years before they…I do hear people saying Senpai I never hear people referring to someone as kōhai, but I do hear Senpai on occasion like sometimes it's almost seemed as a little bit dirty to say the words Senpai.Get your mind out of the gutter. That's something that I hear like occasionally people are like er?...but no, like people will use the word occasionally, but there is kind of like this idea where you're a Senpai if you are older than another person or you're a Senpai if your position is higher than another person, sometimes it's kind of difficult to know where is the relationship if you're quite a bit older than the other person, they are supposed to treat you with respect. But then if you have a higher position than them in the company and they're supposed to treat you with respect, but you can't do both. You have to kind of choose one depending upon the situation, right？And so that can kind of be difficult. The subtlety of the language, actually, let's talk about language, I know that you have been learning Japanese for years. How is your Japanese？I just passed one of my proficiency exams. I got the equivalent to N2, which is I almost scored high enough to get N1 and which is actually quite high. So as far as like my speaking goes, I would say that's maybe a little bit lower than like my reading and my listening, but that’s because I haven't lived in the country for so long, but I would say my speaking has actually gotten quite a bit better over the last year. That's something that does come with living in the country.Of course. It is quite a difficult language to learn and some aspects... especially for Americans or English speakers. Yeah. Just on a side note, I have heard Brad speaking Japanese, you're pretty much fluent. When I travel to Japan, if I meet up with Brad, I have to rely on him a lot of the times if I have difficulty explaining myself in Japanese. So you're fluent pretty much, would you say?Close enough.But you just mentioned, it's quite a difficult language for English learners like for Americans. What are some of the major challenges？Is it Kanji, 是汉字的原因吗？Kanji is one of the things that's difficult. I would say it's a mixture of the Kanji and the Grammar. Like when you compare Chinese and English grammar they're quite similar. Everything stays in the same place. I eat apples. 我吃苹果. But in Japanese, it's I apple eat.And very often you don't say I anyways, you just say apple eat.

"英文小酒馆致力于打造沉浸式英语学习社群，无论是微信社群、有声节目、线上活动和课程，我们都全心全意为爱好英语的你带去一份专属于英语的快乐。微信公众号: 【璐璐的英文小酒馆】 查音频节目文稿，了解广阔的世界。跟随我们的脚步，体会英语的温度。" Hi, everyone. And welcome back to Happy Hour. 欢迎回来酒馆. Tomorrow is going to be International Women's Day again. 明天就又是国际妇女节了, you know that every year we do an episode dedicated to this special occasion. So far we've introduced to you some badass truly outstanding women, explored the obstacles faced by women, and also talked about the changing beauty ideals. This year I would like to do something a bit different. Now I'm sure you've noticed recently the word feminism has been trending on social media due to a very high profile interview. 相信大家最近都在社交媒体上不断看到女性主义feminism这个词吧？ Actually ages ago, we did an episode on feminism, the history of it, the origin, and also the different waves of it. Now as we're increasingly talking about this idea, I thought it would be great to focus on that this year. Now maybe when you are talking about feminism, both in Chinese and in English, sometimes you get stuck on certain words, terms, descriptions.So in this Women's Day Special, let me give you a crash course on the essential words and terms in feminism. 所以就借用上野千鹤子教授的一本书的名字, 咱们今天就来做一期《从零开始的女性主义关键词》. Now before we get into today's content, I would like to state that this crash course is about words and terms, and how they're used in the context of feminism, it's not really about personal opinions. If anything, my aim for making this particular episode is so that you know how these words are used, so you're able to use them in your future conversations to voice your own opinions on the matter. So let's get started with the origin of the word “feminism”. 首先来说说 feminism这个词的起源, 前些年在中国它还经常被翻成 “女权主义”, 后来因为各种各样的原因, 现在它更多的被翻成 “女性主义”. But this word was borrowed from French “féminisme” around 1837; It was first recorded in English in 1851, but it originally meant the state of being feminine. It was only from 1895, feminism started to carry the meaning of advocacy women's rights. 而这个词从法语借到英文之后, 一直到1895年之后, 才开始有 “推崇提倡女性权利”的意思. In short, feminism is a social theory or political movement which argues that legal and social restrictions on women must be removed in order to bring about equality of the sexes in all aspects of public and private life. And notice here, the emphasis is on equality of the sexes, not privileges. 所以女性主义从一开始倡导的就是 “平权”。 Now to talk about feminism, obviously, you have to talk about gender. I know a lot of people might get confused with the word “gender” and “sex”, and true sometimes they can be used interchangeably. But the World Health Organization describes Sex as characteristics that are biologically defined; whereas Gender is based on socially constructed features. So gender has a lot to do with society and its definitions. Another key concept here is Gender Roles. When we talk about gender roles we're talking about men would have a role in the society and women would have a different role in society. A social role encompasses a range of behaviors and attitudes that are generally considered acceptable, appropriate or desirable for a person based on that person's gender. For instance, if we say “boys don't cry” or “girls shouldn't lose their temper”, we're emphasizing gender roles. And when these gender roles are very solid, they become gender stereotypes, 特别强调性别角色的时候, 他们就会变成Gender Stereotypes, 性别刻板印象. Gender stereotypes are a set of preconceptions regarding the role of the certain gender in society, and gender stereotypes often end up causing individuals harm and distress.So if you don't fit gender stereotypes in your society and your culture, you might get a lot of pressure and negative comments. 比如如果一个社会认为男人就一定要在外面闯出一番事业, 那么即使是你愿意当家庭主夫, 家庭也非常幸福, 依然会被别人贴标签, 认为你是 “软饭男”. That is the harm of gender stereotype. 反之那些说 “女性只有生了孩子才完整”, “只有做贤妻良母才是女人的本分”同样是gender stereotypes.

《小酒馆·大世界》-世界各处的文化和精彩，在小酒馆触手可得哦~ 欢迎关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，可以查看更多精彩内容，查看英语全文稿哦~I have to say Onsen ( 温泉)... not a similar experience, but my first time in an Onsen hotel, what I didn't know was they asked me and my friend when we wanted to have breakfast, so when we checked in, it was late at night, they asked us when do you want to have breakfast? I thought it was just a general question, you know, like when you stay in a hotel, they remind you, Ok, our breakfast is only available from 7 to 10 that sort of thing. I was exhausted so I said eight, eight thirty, nine, and then I later on realized it wasn't like a buffet breakfast. They actually set the table for you in a big banquet room kind of thing, and they put your name, put your name tag on this big table where they put all of the food there. But then the following morning I was so exhausted, both me and my friend, we didn't wake up; and when they knocked on our door and say, for example, Lulu Sama ( ), like you expect, like when are you gonna come for breakfast, breakfast is ready. So I just like go away I'm still sleeping. No, I was not that rude, I was just saying sorry, I don't think we'll be having breakfast. The following morning after that, we found out that the breakfast was served in that way. We felt so embarrassed because they must have set the table and then we said no worries, we're not going. I have had that experience at a hotel in Fuji before. Most of the hotels I stay at are a little bit cheaper, so they don't usually have breakfast in the morning, but when I go to Mount Fuji like I usually stay at a little bit nicer hotel, so they do have that and I have had that experience before as well. Yeah, I mean, these are the interesting or bizarre experiences we have when we're traveling, right? Because it's completely different from your idea of common knowledge, common or common sense. What about the size of things? Because many people, especially if they're from Europe or North America, they're a bit taller. So they complain or not complain, but they observe that everything is a bit too low for them, like the shower head is too low or the bathtub is too tiny. What about your experience? I have had an issue with the shower head before, but it's usually not a problem, usually the shower head is high enough. I think the size of the food though sometimes can be a bit small. I do like that in restaurants in Japan though you can oftentimes get like a lot of side dishes. And so if you're still hungry, or you know, if you're gonna be a little bit hungrier, you can order a few more extra dishes. But sometimes they do have really big food in Japan and that's something I kind of, I see like normal dishes are really small but then you go to some places and they have like the mega dish and you're like what? Yeah and they also like mega dish show, sort of like reality show where very skinny people going around eating mega dishes. Like it's just so contradictory, you go into a restaurant, you have this tiny little bowl, you can just fit in the palm of your hand and then you go to the next place and they just have something it's just like... I couldn't even finish that. 10kg of meat in one dish. Because Japan is, they also rank very high in extreme eating worldwide I think. Yeah, they do have the all you can, like Viking buffets, but usually there's a time limit. So that's something I find kind of interesting. In the US there's no time limit on buffets. In Japan they usually have like a 90 minute or 2-hour time limit. So they don't go bankrupt. I think it makes total sense. You're talking about like Tabehoudai (餐食无限量) or Nomihoudai (饮品无限量) 就是所谓的“放题”, 写出来汉字是放题, 也就是all you can eat, all you can drink, that sort of thing. They do set a time limit. So if you ever go to Japan, that's something to keep in mind. Actually that brings us to the topic of food. What do you think of Japanese food or Japanese diet? You talked about food portions and all these ordering of ...

"欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~" In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is Social Media Detox. Nowadays we're pretty much glued to our phones, especially those social media apps. They are always there waiting to devour our attention. 说句实话, 咱们现在绝大部分的人都是低头族, 而且很多人在用手机的时候都会用大量的时间去刷各种社交媒体 social media, that constant pressure to always be online on social media, always post the best pictures, best moments, it can be so overwhelming and also time consuming. In addition, if you are sensitive and struggle with your self esteem, social media can feel very toxic at times. 这样每天大量的刷社交媒体, 不光会占用你很多时间, 而且如果你是那种比较敏感或者对自己不太自信的人, 社交媒体可能会给你带来极大的焦虑. Whether it’s seeing what feels like a gallery of “perfect” bodies, or seeing people who seem to be constantly succeeding in life, it can be really hard not to feel bad about yourself.社交媒体上那些随处可见的高颜值、高收入、才华横溢的人生赢家, 很难让咱们这样的普通人不感觉到焦虑重重. But social media is not real life. As much influence, or seeming influence, it has, it’s a curated and selective sample of what’s actually going on in the world.但实际上社交媒体它反映的并不是真实生活, 或者说至少不是普通人真实生活的全貌, 他只不过是精挑细选下来的那些高光时刻. And many people are beginning to discover this. There has been a recent trend of people consciously reducing their social media use and they call it Social Media Detox. 这也就是我们今天的Buzzword-社交媒体排毒.And a social media detox is a conscious elimination of social media use and consumption for a set period of time. 在一定的时间内有意识的去停用社交媒体. Generally, most social media detoxes are 30 days, so a month, but some people do 7 days or even a year-long social media detox.Ideally, you’re completely eliminating social media use and consumption. This means deleting and removing all social media apps from your phone, and in some cases where it’s possible, temporarily disabling your social media accounts.

《小酒馆·大世界》-世界各处的文化和精彩，在小酒馆触手可得哦~ 欢迎关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，可以查看更多精彩内容，查看英语全文稿哦~Hi everyone, and welcome back to Global Village. 欢迎回来【小酒馆·大世界】. But this time instead of inviting a new guest speaker to come on the show, we are talking to one of our own regulars. 如果你听过Geek Time或者是来上过酒馆的口语直播课程, 就肯定知道他,资深 geek-Brad, welcome back Brad. Hey, how's it going, Lulu? I'm good. I heard that your life has changed quite a bit. You're in Japan now, right? That's right. I'm in Kyoto. Oh, one of my favorite cities in the world, so I thought it would be interesting to talk about your experience in Japan because you plan to stay there long term, correct? Yeah, probably, that's the whole point. So could you, first of all, give us a little bit of an explanation or idea or ideas of your current life? Like when did you move to japan? What are you doing right now? Sure. Currently I'm living in Kyoto as I mentioned, I moved here just about a year ago, I think it was about 10 months ago. I came here on a student visa. I'm studying Japanese. I just passed one of the Japanese language proficiency exams that's gonna help me with my future. But I've just been studying full time and then working part time teaching on the side while I do that. So in the future, am I to assume that your plan is to get perhaps another degree in Japan and then maybe find a job there and then just settle down?Yeah, that's pretty much the plan, I've been looking at schools. I'm in engineering, I really like cars and racing, so I kind of wanna combine my engineering and my knowledge of cars, so I have to get some sort of like certification or degree to do that. So I've been trying to apply for engineering schools related to cars or some sort of car related program like motor sports engineering. I see, that's pretty cool. I mean you do have engineering background anyways, right?Right. I have a degree in electronics engineering. Okay. So I thought it would be fun in the next few episodes. Let's make this a series to talk about your experience in Japan, because Brad, you have a quite unique experience. You're born and raised in the States, you are an American, and then you lived in China for, on and off, for a decade. Yeah, 7 years, the first time; and then 3 years, the second time. OK.And now you're moving to Japan. There are lots of cultural comparisons, cultural topics that we can explore. But first things first, why Japan, like when did you become interested in Japan? Was it a childhood thing or what was it like? I kind of became interested in China and Japan at about the same time. I grew up in a really small town in America. There is only about 7,000 people. So there was no like outside foreign influence there whatsoever; and every now and then I would just see like a kungfu movie with like Jackie Chan or Gordon Lew or like a Japanese Samurai movie with Toshiro Mifune; and I just kind of became like who are these people and where are they from? Like, why don't I see this in the US?It looks so cool, the kungfu thing, martial arts. So did you actually learn Asian martial arts like kungfu or maybe like karate as a child or as a teenager? Yeah, after the karate kid movie came out in my childhood, I learned karate for a while.Then I moved, so I couldn't continue that. But I did start learning like Taekwondo for a while; and then once I found a school for kungfu, I learned kungfu for about half a year or so, but I didn't really have time for it. I got a job. And then I saw school that did like Brazilian jiu-jitsu, which is like a Brazilian form of a Japanese martial art. And then when I moved to China, I did 咏春拳.So you're just like really into martial arts. Yeah, I also did kendo when I was in the US and then when I was a student in Japan, I did that as well. So I've done like a variety of different martial arts through the years. For those of you who don't really know what kendo is, 就是日本的剑道. That just sounds like you have always been interested in the same type o

【Geek Time】-“极客”时间，和“科技宅”Brad一起聊神秘有趣的“黑科技”“高科技”“硬科技”。欢迎关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，可以查看更多精彩内容，查看英语全文稿哦~Welcome back to Geek Time Advance. This is Brad. Welcome back, Lulu. Hi, Brad. So I thought we'd continue on with talking about some of the issues with ChatGPT. I think in the previous episode, we focus mostly on how great it is, how different it is from some of the earlier chat bots. But there are some really obvious problems. One of the things is, have you read the news about some schools already starting to ban ChatGPT in school, in university, in tests?One of the issues with ChatGPT is that when you give it a math problem, for example, it can give you the answer, but not only that, it can show you the work for the problem. So all you have to do is just copy down what it tells you to do. And so you don't even have to go online and find if someone's answered the question before on a database somewhere. Because ChatGPT would work for you. It's the perfect cheating machine. Yeah. And you can also use it to write essays; and it goes online and it basically pulls information from all the stuff and then creates an essay for you. Yeah, actually I watched a short video of a short interview with Chomsky, you know, 乔姆斯基, one of the most famous linguists and linguistic experts in the world. He basically calls ChatGPT a form of high tech plagiarism. You could say that. That's what you're talking about, right？Writing essays, basically I can… as a student or as a researcher, I probably can just lay back enjoy whatever I enjoy and then let ChatGPT write my essay for me. Exactly. Like people basically can write down information about their own experience. But rather than do that, you can use ChatGPT to go online and just write down other people's experiences for you as if it that your own. But will you get found out？Oh, yeah.You know that some professors or some universities they have developed their programs to check whether you have plagiarized your work or not. 就是那种论文查重的.What about essays written by AI, by ChatGPT?They're creating AIs that can detect whether or not an AI took a picture or created a picture, I should say, or wrote an essay. There’re usually telltale signs whether or not something was written by an actual human or written by an AI. Human beings. Why do we make life so difficult for ourselves？And yet so easy.I know. So we created AI technology like ChatGPT to write our essays for us, but then we have to create AI programs that will detect whether the essays are written by AI or not. It's a mouthful. I'm also worried about the scams. In deepfakes are a big issue nowadays especially as they get better and better. You could call someone and they could imitate your voice and look like you, and ChatGPT like software can be used to make deepfakes look more realistic. I've seen some of the deepfake videos that is scary. So guys, if you don't really know what's that like, imagine that they can steal your face or they can create a human being that does not exist, like an expert that actually is not a real human expert, but then using AI technology, using deepfake, this person can look very realistic and they can use your voice as well, use your pattern of speech. And now that they're using your voice and they're using your patterns of speech. They're coming for your jobs. That's another concern, isn't it？People like, oh no, ChatGPT is gonna steal our jobs. What do you think？Right now, ChatGPT is doing some things like editing code and can even write some python code.So like it's getting kind of crazy what it can do. So it's probably not going to write high level code that people need for bigger programs. But definitely editing code is something that takes a lot of work. And it can help out with that. It probably can replace certain jobs. I'm not sure if it's completely but like I said earlier, customer service, for example. Yeah, customer service is a big thing. Data processing is something that's probably going

通过本张名著，你将获得：西方国家名著必读清单45集音频+逐字稿+图文良心制作精选文化贴士/名人轶事介绍/金句提炼/修辞手法分析故事情节浓缩精华来自璐璐和安澜不一样的见解和解说优雅英音Quotes跟读Hi everyone, and welcome back to酒馆. One piece of good news, 我们的新专辑上线了, Season Two of the Bluffer's Guide to English Literature. 【英文名著扫盲班】第二季.In the previous episode of the intro to Season II of The Bluffer's Guide to English Literature, Anlan and I talked about the books we've chosen, and we're going to continue with the book list today.And similar to Alice, we've also got another story of a young person who is coming of age.Which is very, very, very, very long.Very long but a classic, David Copperfield.《大卫·科波菲尔》. You're British. You pretty much have to talk about Dickens.I do, and David Copperfield was Dickens’ favorite book, he actually says this is my favorite book.It's…perhaps it's because it's a partly autobiographical. Yeah. So in this episode, we're going to be talking about his background. And we'll also be talking about a very long plot, which is almost like a soap opera.Yeah, to compare David Copperfield and the modern-day soap opera, you probably can get into the story a lot more.Yes.Now I know how much you like a good story with very, very clear beginning, climax and the end.Yes.

通过本张专辑，你将获得：西方国家名著必读清单45集音频+逐字稿+图文良心制作精选文化贴士/名人轶事介绍/金句提炼/修辞手法分析故事情节浓缩精华来自璐璐和安澜不一样的见解和解说优雅英音Quotes跟读Hello again欢迎来到Happy Hour英文小酒馆。关注公众号璐璐的英文小酒馆，加入我们的酒馆社群，邂逅更精彩更广阔的世界Hi everyone, and welcome back to酒馆. One piece of good news, 我们的新专辑上线了, Season Two of the Bluffer's Guide to English Literature. 【英文名著扫盲班】第二季.Yeah, hi Anlan.Hi, Lulu, hi everyone.Did you enjoy recording about all those books with me？Of course, I did. It was great to talk about some of these books, particularly the ones that I like, but I did actually learn a lot from the books that you like.其实之前【英文名著扫盲班】第一季上线的时候, 我们就已经做了一个发刊对谈了, 对吧？发刊词. We talked about why we enjoy reading, why we love literature and why literature is so important for language learners and for those who want to understand a little bit around the culture of the English speaking world.So in this episode we're going to talk a little bit more about the books we have chosen. In particular, why we have chosen them.因为我们在第一季的时候已经录了那种很正经的发刊词, 然后里面也说了我们各种各样的理念, philosophy.So I thought season two, we can still use those philosophies, but we're going to add an extra episode, a little bit more fun episode to tell you how we've come to choose these ten books for the second season.Yes. It involves lots of discussion, lots of arguments between Lulu and me.Lots of fights.Lots of fights, simply because there are so many books we want to choose. So what we do is each of us comes up with a list of ten books we want for the album.Yeah.Now Lulu's taste in books is a bit strange. Personally, some of these books I don't really quite understand, but my books are really, really good.I could say the same thing.我跟安澜在选书的时候, 基本上会同时考虑这种top booklists, and also our own preferences and our own experiences. And we do have very different tastes. After we share with each other, our ten book selections, we kept saying to each other, why did you choose that book？Yes. So how we select them is after having arguments, we do try to choose an example of some of the most popular genres, not to mention the books that really have a following even to this day, so that they do appear in cultural references all the time.Yeah. So you don't have to worry, although 安澜 and I have very, very different tastes in books but the books we've ended up choosing they're all very, very well-known books.Basically the starting point as with the first album is if these books are parodied in TV shows like The Simpsons, we put them on the list.只要是被辛普森一家恶搞过的, 就证明他足够的有名.Yes.

"欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，获取更多有趣节目内容和文稿哦~" In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is Situationship. Now we've just gone through Valentine's Day, did you celebrate with your significant other？Are you still single？Or are you in a situation where you are dating someone but it's not exactly a relationship. You and your partner have fun together and may even be intimate, physically and emotionally. But you haven't made a commitment to each other or even discuss the future together. 我相信很多人既不是那种婚姻爱情幸福甜蜜的状态, 也不是母胎单身, 而是有约会对象, 但是似乎就是那种若即若离, 没有确定下来的关系. Now you have the exact word in English to describe just that. 所以今天的Buzzword我们就来说说, 英文里用来形容 “友人以上, 恋人未满” 的这个词Situationship.Situationship is a combination of situation and relationship. So if you are dating someone, but when people ask you whether you are in a relationship, your answer is well, it's complicated. Then you're probably in a situationship. Let's look at the definition first, less than a relationship, but more than a casual encounter or friends with benefit, a situationship refers to a romantic relationship that is and remains undefined. 其实要说situationship它最大的特点就是还没有定性, 两个人在一起很亲密, 会做很多恋人做的事儿, 但是并没有所谓正规的名分, 也没有正式的讨论过将来. And apparently this is becoming a trend, especially in the young generation. Now if you look at the society nowadays, our expectations of relationship has changed. People are getting married later in life and many people are eager to explore relationships in a less structured way without pressure to commit as they prioritize self-knowledge and developing as individuals.那之所以situationship会成为一个潮流, 主要是因为现代人特别是年轻人的婚恋观出现了很大的改变. 人们越来越晚婚, 而且比起感情婚姻承诺这些东西, 更愿意去考虑个人自身的发展.Especially Gen-Z, 特别是Z世代, 也就是相当于中国的95后00后, they take an especially pragmatic approach to love and sex, and subsequently aren't prioritizing establishing committed romantic relationships the same way their older peers once did. 他们对于婚恋性爱的观点倾向于更加实用主义, 用句更通俗的话来讲, 可能就是谈恋爱不如搞钱重要.

【Geek Time】-“极客”时间，和“科技宅”Brad一起聊神秘有趣的“黑科技”“高科技”“硬科技”。欢迎关注公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】，可以查看更多精彩内容，查看英语全文稿哦~Hi, everyone. And welcome back to Geek Time. 欢迎回到【Geek时间】. Hi, Brad. Hey, Lulu. What are we going to talk about today？What is the top trending topic in geek world？Good, something I found recently a lot is ChatGPT. That's all the fad in China as well. 如果大家关注, 哪怕你不是特别关注Tech的新闻, 最近应该都经常看到 ChatGPT. 怎么说呢, 就是一个聊天机器人的这么一个概念吧, to dumb it down, would you say ChatGPT is a chat bot? In its space form, you could say it's a chat bot. Let's start with the basics. Chat, we understand. But GPT. Yeah, GPT means generative pretrained transformer. That's a big word. That's a mouthful. 中文直译是生成式预训练转化模型, can we actually break it down？I mean a lot of our listeners probably don't know like me don't really know much about this. So generative, first of all, 生成式what does that mean？Means to be able to generate something or create somethingSo like when you talk to ChatGPT, they are able to create dialogues. All right, create new content. Pretrained obviously means it's been trained using AI technology or some relevant technology?It's a form of AI, it's been trained to perform particular tasks and one of those tasks is doing chat. But so it's basically… it's trained to generate some sort of chat. OK, and transformer?So it takes information that it has access to and transforms it into something new. I see. I actually did my own little research preparing for this topic. Just tell me if I'm understanding this correctly, it's called ChatGPT, basically it's a chat model that's using GPT-3, GPT-3, it's like a neural network what they call it. It's a neural network. It's their third generation of their current GPT model. 所以其实可以理解为是用GPT-3就是三代GPT的神经网络模型, 然后创造出来的这么一个ChatGPT, 类似于聊天机器人, 人工智能聊天的这么一个存在. But this is definitely not the first prototype for chat bots, right？There were many before, I used certain chat bots, but they were all a bit, for lack of a better word, dumb. This chat bot is something a little bit more than original chat bots. It can chat with good precision. It can write essays or scripts for a book or a movie. Wow. You can think of it as being like the ultimate fan fiction writer. 可以写同人志的那种.

"英文小酒馆致力于打造沉浸式英语学习社群，无论是微信社群、有声节目、线上活动和课程，我们都全心全意为爱好英语的你带去一份专属于英语的快乐。微信公众号: 【璐璐的英文小酒馆】 查音频节目文稿，了解广阔的世界。跟随我们的脚步，体会英语的温度。" Hi, everyone. And welcome back to happy hour, 欢迎回来酒馆. It's that time of the year, isn't it？ It's time for a Valentine's, no, anti-Valentine's Day special.又到了一年的情人节或者说是反情人节特辑, well love it or hate it, it happens every year. Just about as soon as the calendar turns over, love is in the air; or to be more precise, in the shopping centers, restaurants, bars, on all sorts of e-commerce platforms and all over social media.Throughout early February, you can't turn around without seeing boxes of chocolate, Teddy bears holding a heart and all sorts of Valentine's Day decorations.Loved by some, loathed by others, Valentine's day is widely regarded as the ultimate day of cheesy, unapologetic romance. So whether you go all out, splurge on the luxury Valentine's Day experience for you and your sweetheart, or you prefer to go low key, just ignore the holiday together; or if you are hopelessly single.I'm sure at some point, you've wondered about the origin of Valentine's Day where did it come from？Now I know a lot of people in China would say it's a western holiday, but where in the West and when, and most importantly how? While some may be vaguely aware that the occasion takes its place from a famous person called Valentine or Saint Valentine, they may not be acquainted with the full history of Valentine's Day. 可能有人知道西方的情人节是圣瓦伦丁节, 就是有一个人叫圣瓦伦丁. The history of Valentine's Day actually finds its roots in ancient Rome and it's not as rosy and romantic as you might want to believe. So in today's episode, let's dig deeper into the un-romantic history of Valentine's Day. So one thing to keep in mind, saint Valentine actually could refer to several people. We don't really know which saint Valentine the holiday technically celebrates. The Catholic church has records of at least three different martyrs named Valentine or Valentinos.