EnergyCents

Annual coal use in U.S. power generation has declined since the early 2000s as plants retire and renewables and natural gas win market share. However, 2025 may pause or slow the trend, if only temporarily. Coal-markets expert Wendy Schallom joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss how two years of stockpile build and higher gas prices in 2025 have increased the near-term competitiveness of coal in U.S. power markets. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

The data-hungry upstream sector has been working with artificial intelligence for more than 40 years to, among other things, mitigate subsurface risks and predict production. Upstream expert Rachael Moreland joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the oil and gas industry's history with AI adoption and where in the upstream value chain she's most excited about the applications of modern innovation. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Global crude demand begins to peak in 2027 despite longer-term growth trajectories for both jet fuel and naphtha, according to the most recent update of S&P Global Commodity Insights' Annual Strategic Workbook covering oil markets. Oil and refined products experts Matt Andre and Shiva Gupta join EnergyCents hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the key messages from their updated long-term global crude oil forecasts and how oil and refined products remain a meaningful part of global energy supply even after demand peaks. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Lazard Inc. is one of the world's leading financial advisory and asset management firms. The company's Financial Advisory practice supports its clients on mergers and acquisitions, restructurings, debt and capital structure and capital raising. Its Asset Management segment provides a range investment solutions to institutions, corporations, governments, partnerships, family offices, and high net worth individuals. Spiro Youakim, Lazard's Global Head of Natural Resources and co-head of European Energy and Renewables, joins EnergyCents hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss his role as an advisor at Lazard and share his growing optimism for the prospects of European energy companies after many years of underappreciation by the global investment community. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

The US biofuels industry begins 2025 facing significant policy uncertainty, despite having produced record volumes of ethanol, renewable diesel, and sustainable aviation fuel in 2024. Biofuels expert Corey Lavinsky joins EnergyCents hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the current state of US biofuels and the implications of evolving federal policies on developers and their projects. For more information on S&P Global Commodity Insights' energy coverage, visit: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en.

The role of North American gas is set to expand as LNG exports and domestic power demands increase the call on the domestic supply. However, there remains uncertainty in both the timing and levels of expected demand growth. North America gas expert Sara Hakim joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the current state of North America gas and how the sector will respond to calls for growth. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

As adoption of AI expands across the globe, through LLMs, Cloud services, inferencing, and network hubs, more power-hungry data centers are needed to meet this demand. With this expansion of technology, regions are taking different approaches on how to build out this infrastructure, with plans for new hubs being announced regularly. AI and Datacentre Research Director Kelly Morgan joins hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys on this week's episode of EnergyCents to discuss just how many of these new facilities will be realized, and what impact the likes of DeepSeek and other new technologies will have on these plans as efficiencies of this technology improves.

Canadian-based Ideon Technologies is revolutionizing the exploration of subsurface resources through its use of cutting edge, cosmic-ray muon tomography. The company provides customers innovative solutions for sustainable and efficient resource discovery, making signiificant strides in reducing environmental impact whilst enhancing operational efficiency. Gary Agnew, CEO and co-founder, joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to introduce Ideon Technologies business model and technology led outlook as it continues to scale, driven by significant investments and strategic partnerships. Learn more about Ideon Technologies here: Unlock Subsurface Potential with the Ideon REVEAL™ Platform

Europe is making progress against its net-zero ambitions and is generating about 70% of its electricity from carbon-free sources, including nuclear. However, wholesale prices remain high following the 2022 energy crisis, and demand has yet to return to pre-Covid levels. European power market experts Sylvain Cognet-Dauphin and Coralie Laurencin join EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Samantha Humphreys to discuss the current state of European power markets and how evolving government policy seeks to balance climate, security, and affordability priorities. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Denver-based Redaptive is an energy-as-a-service company that works with commercial and industrial customers to fund and install energy-cost saving equipment. The self-described 'one stop shop' was founded in 2015 and provides its customers access to three core services: capital for energy-cost saving equipment installations, a data platform measuring the impact of those installations on utility expenses, and a marketplace that connects contractors with Redaptive's commercial and industrial customers. Arvin Vohra, Redaptive CEO, joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to introduce Redaptive's infrastructure-plus business model and describe how its three-pillar program can generate measurable value by lowering the energy bills of its commercial and industrial customers. Learn more about Redaptive at: https://redaptive.com/company Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Led by corporate mergers, nearly $160 billion in merger-and-acquisition activity took place within the global upstream sector in 2024. Producers will continue to use acquisitions to grow their portfolios going forward as they bid for scale in a dynamic, and fragmenting, energy landscape. Upstream expert Chris Sheehan joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Samantha Humphreys to discuss the role oil and gas deals will play in 2025, and what regions and asset types may be most attractive to buyers. Hear Chris and team discuss upstream M&A trends in more detail during one of three webinars scheduled for the first week of April 2025. Register here: Global Upstream M&A Review 2025: Revival of the fittest - M&A opportunities in a shifting landscape Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

About 10,000 people attended S&P Global's annual CERAWeek conference in Houston last week to participate in dialogue around the event's organizing principle, "Moving Ahead: Energy strategies for a complex world." Sam Humphreys hosts this week's episode alone as Hill Vaden joins Naki Mendoza CERAWeek Programs Director to discuss their experiences and observations while attending the week-long "Super Bowl of Energy." Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

A Day One executive order from Donald Trump's new administration aims to utilize Alaska's abundant natural resources, including oil and gas. This includes prioritizing the development and export of LNG to domestic and international parties. S&P Global upstream expert Cody Schulte joins host Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to explore the role Alaska currently plays in the North American oil and gas markets and what this executive order could mean for developments on both federal and state lands.

(B)energy is a German company that has developed backpacks to store and transport biogas that can be used to displace firewood and coal in cooking. The company is an affiliate of BiogasUnite, a digital platform that bridges gaps in the installation, maintenance, and repair of biogas systems. Katrin Puetz, founder and managing director of (B)energy and co-founder of BioGasUnite, joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the opportunity for biogas in Africa to limit air pollution and unlock new income opportunities for small-scale producers. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Global metal markets are facing massive opportunities and challenges as the world transitions to green technology. Recent and ongoing changes in the US administration have wide-ranging implications for metal markets, the economy, and the future of sustainable energy solutions. S&P Global expert Nick Trickett joins EnergyCents hosts Sam Humphreys and Hill Vaden to explore the critical role of metals in this energy shift, and how to sift through news versus noise when it comes to discussion of these markets. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

The global electricity landscape is undergoing a period of profound change as conventional resources compete with renewable supply to meet expectations of broad demand growth. S&P Global experts Etienne Gabel and Doug Giuffre join EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the top trends that will define global power markets in 2025. And, yes, the rise of datacenters is one of the top trends to watch. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Oil markets begin the year with OPEC+ sitting on more than 5.5 million barrels per day of spare capacity and the incoming Trump Administration wants to see US producers 'drill, baby, drill.' S&P Global expert Jim Burkhard joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss these, and other, top trends that will define global oil markets in 2025. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Germany grew to become Europe's largest economy on the back of an export-led manufacturing sector. The energy-hungry economy is now trying to maintain its competitiveness after losing access to Russian gas pipeline imports in 2022, phasing out its nuclear capacity in 2023, and retiring its coal-fired power fleet by 2038. S&P Global expert Daniel Muir joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss Germany's challenge to reinvigorate its economy while meeting decarbonization goals through a changing mix of energy supply. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Trade wars, US policy upheavals, China's clean energy blitz, a crude market under pressure and the convergence of AI and the energy sector will define 2025 for energy investors. S&P Global experts Justin Jacobs joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the top trends that will influence energy investors in 2025. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

As Donald Trump returns to office the landscape of natural gas in the US, and LNG in particular, is expected to shift both domestically and globally. S&P Global gas market experts Laurent Ruseckas and Matthew Palmer join EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the top trends that will shape global gas markets in 2025. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Toronto-based SWTCH has focused on developing electric-vehicle charging solutions for multi-tenant properties in North America since its 2016 founding. The company now manages more than 17,000 charging ports across its network. Carter Li, SWTCH founder and CEO, joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the SWTCH business model and explain how the company is working with multi-tenant property owners and other partners to scale EV charging in North America's high-density urban centers. Learn more about SWTCH at: https://swtchenergy.com/ Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Led by investment in solar capacity, global spending on clean-energy technologies will exceed investment in upstream oil and gas for the first time in 2025. S&P Global cleantech experts Edurne Zoco and Sam Wilkinson join EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the top 10 trends that will shape clean energy technology supply chains in 2025. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

We welcome back S&P Global Commodity Insights energy experts Reed Olmstead and David Vaucher for our 6th annual year-in-review and resolutions episode. Hosts Sam Humphreys and Hill Vaden check in to see how well we performed against 2024 energy expectations, consider some of the year's biggest trends, and share market predictions and personal resolutions for the coming year. Listen to prior year-end conversations with Reed and David here: 2023: Holiday Special: Annual year-in-review and resolutions with Reed and David 2022: A year-in-review: Energy markets, Taylor Swift, and ESG 2021: Review and resolution: Shale sector activity in 2021 and 2022 2020: Mirror, mirror on the wall: Reflections on 2020 and predictions for 2021 2019: Would you rather: 2020 upstream predictions Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

A desire for lower-carbon, reliable electricity is reviving interest in nuclear power generation. S&P Global energy market experts Yulia Ivanovskaya and Conway Irwin join EnergyCents hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss how demand from datacenters is contributing to a revival of interest in nuclear power and to consider what challenges must be overcome to convert this enthusiasm to electricity. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

NewMed Energy is focused on exploring for and bringing to market natural gas discoveries from the Eastern Mediterranean. The Israel-based firm is partnered with Chevron on its Leviathan Project and has additional interests in earlier-stage projects in waters off Cyprus and Morocco. Kul Karcz, NewMed Energy VP of Exploration and ESG Manager, joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss NewMed's exploration activity in the Eastern Mediterranean and consider some of the opportunities and challenges in working to monetize discoveries from the gas-rich province. Learn more about NewMed Energy at: https://newmedenergy.com/about-us/ Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Oil markets have responded with complacency to sanctions on major producers, rerouting of tankers, and military unrest in the major supply areas. S&P Global oil markets expert Karim Fawaz joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss why this complacency may represent a new normal as spare capacity within OPEC+ and supply growth from outside OPEC meet moderating demand in the US and China. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

EVPassport is working to accelerate the adoption of electric vehicles by improving the user experience when charging through its focus on reliability and ease of adoption. The California-based EV-charging platform received a $200 mm investment from Northleaf Capital Partners in 2023 and today operates more than 5,000 chargers in 35 states through partnerships with hotels, parking garages, and multi-family residential properties. Hooman Shahidi, EVPassport CEO and co-founder, joins EnergyCents hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the company's path since its 2020 founding and how the company's commitment to customer experience differentiates it from other EV-infrastructure innovators. Learn more about EVPassport at: https://www.evpassport.com/ Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Despite being a key component in lithium-ion battery manufacturing for electric vehicles, Graphite has so far escaped the media attention that its comparable metals, lithium, cobalt and nickel has had. But with the roll out of EV's and energy storage, graphite demand is expected to grow by around 20% by the end of the decade. S&P Global metals expert Gavin Montgomery joins EnergyCents hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the role both natural and synthetic graphite have to play in the energy transition and which markets will play the biggest role in the future. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

The steel industry accounts for almost 10% of the world's final energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions. Nucor (NYSE: NUE), North America's largest steel producer and recycler, pioneered lower-emission electric arc furnace steelmaking more than 50 years ago and continues to prioritize innovation in sustainable steel as it works toward a 2050 net-zero target. Tabitha Stine, Nucor General Manager of Energy Solutions Services, joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss Nucor's net-zero ambition and how the steelmaker is partnering with utilities, datacenters, and others to limit its carbon footprint. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

India plans to grow its refining capacity by about 60% to 8 mmbd over the next 10 years to meet both domestic demand and spur refined-product exports. S&P Global Refining Expert Pulkit Agarwal joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss India's ambition to expand its largely state-owned refining capacity and how planners expect to balance interest in both petrochemicals and transportation fuels. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

The United Kingdom established state-owned Great British Energy in July 2024 to develop domestic clean energy supply, create jobs, and advance the country's net-zero ambition. Glenn Rickson joins EnergyCents hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss what role this company will play in the renewable power sector and impact this will have on risk tolerance for future clean energy developments. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

The African Energy Chamber began in 2018 to promote the continent's energy sector and support indigenous companies' efforts to expand their networks and engage international partners. The organization is preparing to host its fourth annual African Energy Week conference from November 4-8 in Cape Town, South Africa where this year's theme is, "Invest in African Energies: Energy Growth through an Enabling Environment." NJ Ayuk, African Energy Chamber Founder and Executive Chairman, joins EnergyCents hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the chamber's ambition to eliminate energy poverty by 2030, as well as its belief that goals can be realized with commitments to innovation in both traditional and emerging energy domains. Learn more about African Energy Chamber and African Energy Week at: https://energychamber.org/ https://aecweek.com/ Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Capacity auction prices for 2025/2026 delivery year jumped nearly 10x from the prior delivery year to $269.92/MW-day for much of PJM, a regional power market in the eastern United States. S&P Global Power Markets Expert Tanya Peevey joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss reasons behind the price spike and consider whether rule changes will help incent investment in long-duration power supply for the region. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Led by investment in intermittent renewables, Texas has added more new power supply to its grid over the past five years than any other state. However, the lack of growth in long-duration power generation and increased frequency of extreme weather events have given way to reliability concerns within ERCOT. S&P Global power markets expert Mike Pickens joins EnergyCents hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the Texas Energy Fund and how regulators expect state-backed low-interest loans can unlock investments in new gas-fired generation projects in ERCOT. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Europe's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) now requires its trade partners to declare the carbon content associated with production of imported goods including iron, steel, aluminum, cement, fertilizer, hydrogen, and electricity. Trade partners will be asked in 2026 to buy CBAM certificates for these specified goods to access European markets. S&P Global Expert Coralie Laurencin joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss CBAM's recently begun transitional period and how policy makers expect it to support decarbonization ambition and increase the competitiveness of European industry. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

itselectric, a Brooklyn-based electric vehicle (EV) curbside charging company, partners with municipalities and property owners to install, operate, and maintain public chargers on sidewalk curbs. The Level-2 charging ports use spare electrical supply from nearby buildings via a revenue share with property owners and allow EV-drivers to recharge their vehicles without the hassles of locating off-street parking, garages, or out-of-the way charging stations. Tiya Gordon, itselectric co-founder and COO, joins EnergyCents hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss itselectric's business model and how the company is working behind-the-meter to accelerate zero-emission vehicle adoption in cities. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) pioneered much of North America's emissions-reduction policies and is now in the process of updating its regulations as net-zero deadlines near. S&P Global experts Erin Tully and Matt Williams join EnergyCents hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss California's Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) and Cap-and-Trade Program and how these initiatives may evolve as the state makes progress toward its goal of net-zero emissions by 2045. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

New Zealand announced on August 26, 2024, that it will reverse its 2018 ban on offshore oil and gas exploration before the start of 2025. S&P Global Expert Joe Keith joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss background behind New Zealand's exploration ban and how domestic demand for natural gas influenced a campaign for its reversal. Note: this podcast was recorded on August 7, 2024. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Metals are increasingly a part of the global energy story as low-carbon technologies compete with fossil fuels for market share. Energy planners are therefore paying renewed attention to, and often investing in, the metals and mining sector. S&P Global Expert Nick Trickett joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss how clean-electron ambition is stimulating interest in global metals and how China has become a major player in the sector. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Production from shale has always been driven by those wells drilled in core acreage. While core inventory depletes each year, each well's recovery rate is low enough that production growth remains possible with improvements in technology. S&P Global Expert Prescott Roach joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the potential for refracs in North America's mature shale plays and why industry is optimistic about incremental oil and gas volumes from already-drilled wells. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Low-cost manufacturing of solar technologies has enabled one of the fastest growth trajectories of global low-carbon energy supply. The pace of growth, led by China, has led to both a glut in supply and protectionist measures from other countries looking to develop solar capabilities of their own. S&P Global expert Cormac Gilligan joins EnergyCents hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the success of solar in decarbonizing electricity markets and share perspective on what the future may hold for the fast-growing sector. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Diversified Energy owns and operates onshore natural gas wells in the United States and has built itself by acquiring the long-lived, non-core assets of other operators. The company prides itself on ensuring consistent free cash flows from operations; reducing its portfolio's scope 1 methane emissions; and retiring end-of-life wells through its Next LVL Energy affiliate. Diversified Energy Senior Vice President of Investor Relations & Corporate Communications Doug Kris joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss how Diversified's core competencies acquiring, managing, and retiring mature upstream assets enable the company to deliver shareholder value and meet, or exceed, sustainability goals. Learn more about Diversified Energy at: https://www.div.energy/about-us/ Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

The Atlantic Margin, the play between the west coast of Africa and the east coast of South America, is increasingly under the upstream spotlight. With high E&P potential in countries like Guyana, Suriname and Namibia, many major oil and gas players are keen to explore and invest. S&P Global experts Ford Tanner and Ida Hockerfelt join EnergyCents hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the potential in the Atlantic Margin, as well as the responses from governments in the region towards foreign investment. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Inspiration Mobility is the world's first electric vehicle Fleet Management Company, or eFMC. The self-described "electrification accelerator" is backed by investment from Macquarie, Arclight Capital, and Ferrovial and offers solutions that include fleet management, charging-as-a-service (CaaS), and electrification finance. Inspiration Mobility CEO Josh Green joins EnergyCents hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss Inspiration Mobility's business model and describe how the company is navigating opportunity within the transforming energy and transportation sectors. Learn more about Inspiration Mobility at: https://inspirationmobility.com/ Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Renewable natural gas (RNG) has been one of the fastest low-carbon fuels to reach commerciality in the United States because of its ability to leverage traditional gas infrastructure. RNG has also benefited from recent innovation in compressed natural gas (CNG) engines used in heavy duty trucking. S&P Global experts Tom DiChristopher and Greg Genette joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss RNG's success as a drop-in fuel and how technological innovation and supportive policy are helping to decarbonize commercial transportation. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

The future of global oil and gas exploration has been widely discussed recently, with the number of discoveries year on year for the past decade gradually declining. But with growing energy demands in emerging markets, a call to end 'energy poverty' and efforts to ensure energy security, exploration to boost companies' portfolios remains ever important. On this week's episode, Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys talk to S&P Global International Upstream VP Michael Wynn about the current upstream climate, and the driving factors behind continued exploration and why operators are reaching out to deep water 'frontier' regions. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Brazil ranks among the world's top 10 oil producers due largely to success in deepwater exploration and production. Much of the country's oil production has high percentages of associated carbon dioxide and methane that are reinjected into producing reservoirs to improve recoveries and limit emissions. S&P Global Commodity Insights Brazilian Upstream Experts Chris Kennett and Susana Santos joins EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss Brazil's prolific offshore oil sector and how its use of CO2 advantages the carbon intensity of its barrels. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Operating an internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle traditionally accounts for about 75% of a car's full lifecycle emissions. That percentage breakdown changes with the adoption of battery electric vehicles (BEV), which have zero tailpipe emissions. S&P Global Mobility expert Xi Wang joins EnergyCents hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the lifecycle emissions of automobile supply chains and flag how automakers plan to manage the CO2 footprint of their operations as they shift to electric vehicles. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en

Titans of industry have long embraced the concept that what gets measured gets managed. Reaching consensus on measurable items like benchmarks, milestones, and definitions of success can be some of the most challenging parts of any multi-stakeholder plan. S&P Global Commodity Insights' Simon Thorne joins EnergyCents hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the importance of carbon accounting to decarbonizing the global economy and how challenging it can be to find consensus when every business sector and host government begins its journey from a different starting point. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en Links: Report: The GHG intensity of North Sea production in 2022

Heat pump sales jumped 36% in the Netherlands in 2023, thanks to government incentives promoting the decarbonization of residential construction. S&P Commodity Insights experts Alexandre Mace and Francesco d'Aveck join EnergyCents with hosts Hill Vaden and Sam Humphreys to discuss the rationale behind government planners' heat-pump promotion and consider what learnings the Dutch case study offers for other countries. Learn more about S&P Global Commodity Insights energy coverage at: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en