Emergency Medicine

Learning objectives: How do immune checkpoint inhibitors work? What are the most common treatment-related side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors on the GI tract? What are the methods to diagnosed immune checkpoint inhibitor associated colitis? To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=cancer

Learning objectives: How do immune checkpoint inhibitors work? What are the most common treatment-related side effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors on the heart? What are the methods to diagnosed immune checkpoint inhibitor associated cardiotoxicity? To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=cancer

Neutropenic fever is an oncologic emergency that carries high morbidity and mortality and is a common condition seen in the Emergency Department. This lecture provides a concise and condensed overview of the definitions, etiology, workup, and up to date treatment strategies to manage neutropenic fever. Ultimately, the aim of this lecture is to make practitioners feel more comfortable managing neutropenic fever in their current practice environments. To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/neutropenic-fever/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=cancer

Basic emergency medicine critical actions are applicable and appropriate in the cancer population. Breast, Lung, and Melanoma are the most common tumors to metastasize to the brain while Breast, Lung, and Prostate are the most common to go to the spine. Dexamethasone is a common initial treatment of choice in cases of suspected spinal cord compression or elevated ICP from a brain metastasis. The imaging modality of choice is an MRI with and without contrast of brain and/or entire spine (or both, depending on the circumstances). Treatment of these patients requires a multidisciplinary team that includes their primary oncologist, neurology, neurosurgery, and radiation oncology. We must strive to treat cancer patients' pain adequately and ease suffering as much as possible in these challenging cases. To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=cancer

A short introduction to the Cancer Chapter from Kumar Alagappan, Professor of EM at MDAnderson Cancer Centre. To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/oncologic-emergency-medicine-in-a-cancer-center/

This talk goes over a general overview of spinal cord injuries and emergencies. We go over some basic anatomy of the spinal cord, followed by clinical presentations, grading scale, and imaging modalities to help assess these injuries. Lastly, we go over management options and treatments of potential complications that arise from spinal cord injuries. To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=brain To listen to more podcasts and interviews with healthcare professionals, please visit https://stmungos-ed.com/podcast

Status epilepticus is a life-threatening emergency. However, there are different forms of status epilepticus: focal to bilateral tonic-clonic status epilepticus and focal status epilepticus. Focal status epilepticus may have prominent motor symptoms, often with impaired awareness, or may be nonconvulsive. The implications of this are important: the treatment of focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures requires immediate action. To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=brain

This talk highlights how a quick scroll through a non contrasted head CT can provide important information about the severity of illness. We review normal anatomy and easily recognized distorsions of neuroanatomy that suggest severe brain injury and impending herniation. The talk focuses on how these brain injured patients can be managed to prevent further injury and how simple bedside exams findings coupled with neuroradiologic findings can guide bedside management. To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=brain

This talk highlights how a quick scroll through a non contrasted head CT can provide important information about the severity of illness. We review normal anatomy and easily recognized distorsions of neuroanatomy that suggest severe brain injury and impending herniation. The talk focuses on how these brain injured patients can be managed to prevent further injury and how simple bedside exams findings coupled with neuroradiologic findings can guide bedside management. To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=brain

This talk explores the acute management of traumatic brain injury (TBI) with a focus on severe traumatic brain injured patients. We review the global burden of TBI and societal impact. We discuss characterizing TBI severity. We review the imaging to obtain based on various factors related to the injury. We discuss the critical role of the provider in preventing secondary injury in brain injured patients and how to manage a brain injured patient in the acute setting. Throughout the presentation, we review evidence-based guidance. To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=brain

This talk goes over a brief overview of the two types of stokes, the importance of time when dealing with acute treatments, and the mechanism of action with alteplase. We go over the selecting the appropriate candidates for thrombolytic use and the recent trend to transition from alteplase to Tenecteplase. Lastly, we go over some of the potential complications from thrombolytic use and review the reversal agents needed for intracerebral hemorrhages. To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=brain

This is a summary of the key considerations when managing ICH patients - epidemiology, pathophysiology, anatomy, diagnosis, assessment, treatment and more. And what is current evidence-bases 'best practice'? To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=brain

This talk reviews the important aspects of diagnosing subarachnoid hemorrhage in a patient who presents with sudden onset severe headache. I will review the importance of the history, nuances and limitations of diagnostic strategies including CT, lumbar puncture, CTA and MRI. I will present various published guidelines and recommendations for management of the patient with diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage. To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=brain

This talk presents a case and discuss the diagnostic workup of the patient with acute dizziness. Evie will address pitfalls of diagnosis, and a strategy for the workup of the patient with dizziness using timing and triggers, as well as the HiNTS exam and its usefulness in this population. To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=brain

Confusion is one of the commonest presentations in the emergency department. It is a symptom that presents an underlying problem in any organ system that most of the time can be life threatening if not identified and proper intervention initiated timely. Can occur before or during the patient stay in hospital. Confusion can be due to an interplay among so many factors or causes. Therefore, an emergency care provide should have a wide set of knowledge to tease out all the possible causes in their patient to reduce on the morbidity and mortality.. Using the ABCDE approach within first five minutes of patient interaction in very integral to patient care and outcome. Further appropriate investigations and their interpretation is very important as it will aid in proper interventions. To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=brain

Pancreatitis is a common presentation in the emergency department globally, yet quite often missed. Patients present at various stages of the disease trajectory. Those that are earlier missed will present with life threatening conditions hence increasing morbidity and mortality. A few of the cases will not have the classical presentation. Emergency medicine clinicians should therefore equip themselves with the knowledge about pancreatitis to enable them to take a good history and do proper clinical patient examination. With the advances in medicine and accessibility, proper investigations should be done to aid in diagnosis and to also role out other causes or comorbidities. Timely and appropriate interventions should then be applied to improve outcome and quality of life in these patients. In resource limited settings, the higher index of suspicion and aggressive intervention helps prevent constraining the few resources since patients wont progress to severe cases which demand more resources and expertise. To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=brain

Headache is a common reason that people come to emergency departments but sorting out who has a serious secondary headache and who has a benign cause is not always easy. Informed by recent international studies of headache in emergency departments, this talk will discuss the causes of headache, high risk features that can inform decision-making about investigation and variation in treatment of benign headache. The focus will then switch to migraine focussing on the ED specific evidence-based for abortive treatments. To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=brain

Skin infections are a common presenting complaint to the emergency department. This talk provides an overview of animal bites, other infected skin infections, abccesses and necrotising facsciitis. To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=bowel

Acute appendicitis is the most common reason for emergency abdominal surgery. Untreated appendicitis, when associated with rupture, can lead to abscess, peritonitis, sepsis, and death. Uncomplicated appendicitis (i.e., localized appendicitis), which has traditionally been treated with urgent appendectomy, accounts for approximately 80% of cases. In the past three decades, numerous trials of nonoperative treatment in patients with acute uncomplicated appendicitis have been conducted, and the use of antibiotic agents as a first strategy has become acknowledged as a safe option, including with emergency department care and then discharge with outpatient management. In this lecture, I review the expected outcomes associated with initial operative and nonoperative treatment of acute uncomplicated appendicitis and offer guidance on counseling patients to help them chose between the two approaches. To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=bowel

Learning objectives of this talk: Understand the mechanism of action of tranexamic acid Be aware of the effects of tranexamic acid in bleeding patients Know who should be treated, when and where To watch the lecture, and learn more about the speaker, please visit https://www.continulus.com/library/?collection=emergency+medicine&chapter=blood