Debt Free in 30

A recent Twitter headline claimed that actor Charlie Sheen is having a 'dire financial crisis' with less than $10 million to his name. While that might be a bit extreme, no matter how much money you have, if you have high debt obligations, you can face money troubles. On today's podcast we talk with Robert Brown, author of Wealthing Like Rabbits, about what it means to be facing a personal debt crisis and what's in your control to change.

Student loans are only automatically discharged when you file bankruptcy in Canada if you have ceased to be a student for more than seven years at the time you file. However, there are cases in which clients cannot afford to wait for the seven year mark to discharge their student debts automatically. Financial hardship for student loans is an application you can make to bankruptcy court to have your student loans discharged five years after you cease to be a student. If the court agrees, it is possible to go bankrupt and have your student loans discharged after as little as five years instead of seven. It's important to note that the time frame is not based on when you got the loan, but when you stopped being a student. On today's podcast, we dive deeper into what financial hardship for student loans is and how it works with Richard Howell, a bankruptcy lawyer with Clark Farb Fiksel in Toronto.

September is a time for a fresh start. The kids are back in school, everyone's back to work after their summer vacations, and it's a whole new season here on Debt Free in 30. On today's show we announce our plans for the fifth season of Debt Free in 30, and also announce our YouTube channel where you can find all 200+ episodes of Debt Free in 30.

On today's final rebroadcast of the summer, I give my thoughts on how to manage your spending without a budget, and I explain how the 80/20 rule, known as the Pareto principle, can be used in all areas of money management, and in life. I call this episode "how to cheat your way to financial success", but really it's about the 80 20 rule, which works in finances, and in life. Please enjoy, and I'll be back next week with an all new episode, and an all new season of Debt Free in 30.

For the month of August we are replaying the most downloaded podcasts of the past year; not surprisingly, the first two rebroadcasts were about debt, and so is this one. Originally broadcast back in January, on this podcast Ted Michalos and Doug Hoyes answer the question: which debts should you pay first? Should you knock off the small ones first, or go for the high interest rate ones first? Does it matter if the debts are secured, like a car loan or mortgage, or unsecured, like a credit card? This is a short podcast, less than 18 minutes, but that's all we needed; I have strong opinions on this topic, which I why I addressed this in both chapter 18 and chapter 19 of my book, and Ted also has no shortage of opinions, so here's a rebroadcast where we answer the question what debts should you pay first?

It's the month of August, and we are replaying the most downloaded episodes from the past season of Debt Free in 30. This episode was inspired by all of those personal finance bloggers who love to write stories about how they paid off a massive amount of debt in a short period of time. That's great if you have a massive income and can do it, but what if you can't? That's the topic on today's rebroadcast, so please enjoy our take on a Realistic Approach to Paying Down Massive Debt.

As is our tradition here at Debt Free in 30, during the month of August we rebroadcast the most popular episodes of the past year. Today's episode is short, only 15 minutes, but I think it resonated with listeners because I discussed the concept of minimum payments. Since September, 2010, banks are required to show you, on your monthly credit card statement, how long it will take you to pay off your balance if you only make the minimum payment. That's a scary number, and it's a big reason why people call the Hoyes Michalos 310-PLAN debt helpline; they see how long they will be in debt, and they reach out for help. So what can you do if you can only afford to make the minimum payment, or less? That's the topic on today's rebroadcast of our episode titled Minimum Payments are Keeping you in Debt.

On today's show, recorded in July, 2018, I give my thoughts on what the bankruptcy of Tesla Inc., the electric car company, can teach us about how we manage our own personal finances. And yes, I realize that Tesla is not (yet) bankrupt, and in fact they have a market value of approximately $50 billion (in US Dollars), which is comparable to the market value of General Motors, so on the surface it appears that everything is going great at Tesla. Perhaps, but looks can be deceiving. Is someone who drives a new car successful? Perhaps, or perhaps they are leasing it, and can't afford the lease payments. Outward appearances do not tell the entire story. When I use my skills as a chartered accountant and Licensed Insolvency Trustee to analyze Tesla's financial results, I see the same warning signs that I see with my clients just before they file bankruptcy. What are the warning signs? First, negative cash flow. At the moment, Tesla has a negative cash flow from operations of over $100 million per month. My clients have a similar problem, although obviously with much smaller dollars. My average client has around $300 available each month to pay their debts, but their average interest costs alone are over $900 per month. They, like Tesla, have a negative cash flow, and can only stay afloat by further borrowing. Second, Tesla has bad Liquidity Ratios. They have more debt than assets, so, as we accountants say, they are not "liquid". If you have $800 in the bank but your rent of $1,000 is due today, you are not liquid, and that's the exact same issue Tesla is facing. There is another attribute that my clients and Tesla have in common: they won't give up without a fight. Elon Musk, the CEO of Tesla, is working hard; he's even building cars in tents to meet production targets. My clients often take on second or third part time jobs to make ends meet. I admire a fighting spirit, but there comes a time when you have such an overwhelming level of debt that a bankruptcy is the only logical option. My advice, in that case, is to reach out for help. (Sorry Elon, I only help people, not companies, so you are on your own).

There's a saying that you shouldn't put all your eggs in one basket, and this rings true for bank accounts. While it is convenient to have all your finances located at one bank, what happens in the event that the bank's systems are down and you can't access your money for a little while? Or, a more common scenario my clients have faced is having their bank account frozen due to missed debt payments. This makes their financial situation more frustrating because they can't access their chequing account to take care of their other bills and rent. Even though having one bank account can be convenient and may seem cheaper, on today's show, I share 3 reasons why you should bank at more than one bank for your own protection.

There's no need to worry. Bankruptcy court is not something that every bankrupt has to go to when they file for bankruptcy. If you complete all your duties and no one objects, you are automatically discharged from bankruptcy after the required period of time has passed, so there is no requirement to appear in bankruptcy court. In fact, this is the case for the vast majority of my clients. The only reason why you would have to appear in bankruptcy court is if your bankruptcy could not be automatically discharged, which happen if you did not pay surplus income, did not provide tax information from your Trustee, or did not complete your required counselling sessions. On today's show, we outline exactly what you can expect from bankruptcy court should you ever have to appear. And remember, if you file with a Trustee from Hoyes Michalos, you will never have to go to court alone. To tell us more about the bankruptcy court process, I am joined once again by Richard Howell, a bankruptcy lawyer with Clark Farb Fiksel in Toronto and Scott Schaefer, our Trustee at the Hoyes Michalos Kitchener office.

You know you need to improve your financial health. You might even know what you need to do - save more, spend less, pay down debt. So why does that not necessarily translate into healthy financial habits that move the needle? What's stopping you from achieving overall financial wellness? That's the question asked in a recent study by Mercer Canada. The study found that while Canadians have a reasonably high level of financial literacy they aren't necessarily achieving financial wellness. For example, only 1 in 3 Canadian employees over the age of 50 have a strategy for their retirement. They know they need to save for retirement, they even know what the products are, but they don't have a strategy to reach their financial freedom goals. What is the solution then? How do you improve your financial wellness? My guest today is Jillian Kennedy, the Employee Financial Wellness Leader at Mercer Canada, a consulting firm that helps employers and organizations package and offer benefits to their employees. On today's show, Jillian highlights the key findings from the Mercer study and talks about how financial wellness impacts our ability to reach important milestones like buying a new home or saving for retirement.

For as long as debt has existed, society has judged people for failing to pay it back. Over the years, I've heard hundreds of honest, but unfortunate debtors tell me they are stressed out because they believe they have morally failed for being unable to repay their debts. But why is it that we attach a moral dimension to bankruptcy at all? Is bankruptcy morally and ethically wrong or is it more accurate to just consider filing bankruptcy to be a math decision? When you face financial hardship like an illness or job loss, and can no longer afford to make your debt payments, it's a math problem, not a moral dilemma. On today's show, I give you 5 reasons why bankruptcy is not morally wrong, despite what mainstream society would have you believe. Your lender collects interest Your lender prepares for risk Life happens You are the boss Bankruptcy is a necessary social safety net My full argument is on today's podcast.

What causes us to spend beyond our means? While in some cases it's the result of a job loss or illness, in other situations, it's the Diderot Effect at play. The Diderot Effect is a social phenomenon where the introduction of a new possession that deviates from what you currently own leads to a spiral of even more consumption. For example, when you buy a new house, you don't just settle for the home. You now have to have new furniture, maybe a new deck, and so on. This creates a cycle of spending and leads to debt. How do we, then, prevent ourselves from becoming a victim of this effect? How do we control a spending spiral? My guest today suggests thinking critically about what we see on social media and on television is a great place to start. Robert Gignac works on behalf of advisors and financial professionals to help their clients better understand money management. He's also the author of Rich is a State of Mind: Building Wealth and Happiness: A Blueprint. In his experience, ordinary people become victim of the Diderot Effect because of the deceptive nature of social and digital media: The real world does not exist on Facebook or on Instagram. What that is, is everybody's pictures of their best day all the time. And none of those social networks really show us what's happening in those people's lives when it's not on their best day, when they're lying awake at 3 in the morning because the Visa bill's due and the Visa bill's $1,700 more than they've got allowable to pay it on that given day. He believes that in our attempt to keep up in large part due to our fear of missing out, we go beyond our financial means. In addition, once we've set a new and higher standard of living for ourselves, it's very hard to go back down.

Did you know that in Ontario, anyone can call themselves a financial planner? With this in mind, how can you make sure that you are getting expert and unbiased advice on money management? Should you trust the financial planners who work at banks? Are they credible or do they just want to sell you mutual funds? My guest today says that if you want an honest assessment of your finances, you should speak to an advisor who doesn't sell products, but rather, advice. My guest today is Jason Heath, a Certified Financial Planner (CFP) and a fee-only financial planner, who explains how to select an unbiased financial planner. We also discuss if, as soon as your bankruptcy is finished and you can start saving money, you can afford to hire a financial planner.

Repaying debt requires a stable income. Even when you're in a debt relief plan like a consumer proposal, you need money coming in each month to make your payments. But what if you are faced with a sudden job loss and can no longer keep up with payments on your consumer proposal? Could you revive it after you find another job? What if you don't find work until after several months, could you restart your proposal then? My guest today says it is possible to revive a consumer proposal. Richard Howell is a bankruptcy lawyer, certified by the Law Society of Upper Canada. He has over 20 years of experience helping people resolve this exact issue, and has yet to face a situation where a proposal could not be restarted.

What if you could approach personal finance like most of us try cooking? Instead of learning a bunch of rules and principles, all you'd have to do is follow some tested recipes. Would this make it easier to save money, budget and build wealth? Today's guest thought so and the result was a new approach to money management he called Cashflow Cookbook. Instead of asking you to make sacrifices to save money, he compiled 120 ideas for you to be more efficient with your spending, while not having to worry about making drastic lifestyle changes. Unlike most money experts, Gordon Stein didn't have a career in personal finance. He worked in the tech industry and led large sales teams. But, his colleagues often asked him for advice on how to make ends meet. This prompted him to start thinking of creative ways to save money. Hear his story on today's podcast.

Credit scores are a way for a lender to assess how well you handle debt. To be able to set a credit score, the credit bureaus need information about credit use. This leads to a strange principle behind credit scores: the more access to available credit you have, the better your credit score will be. While that's good for your credit score, is that actually good for you financially? Are we too addicted to credit scores? The techniques needed to build a higher credit score can be surprisingly harmful to you. Sometimes having a bad credit score can actually be better. On today's show, my guest Ted Michalos helps us understand just how much credit we should really be using and why having a less than stellar credit score may actually be good for you.

Your credit report is a report card on your credit activity. While you can get a free copy of your credit report from many sources, not all credit reports are the same and not all sources provide full information. With so many free report providers, how do you know which one is accurate? My guest today stresses it's important to first understand what's actually on your credit report. Then you can take action to deal with any errors and omissions. Meg Penstone is a certified credit counsellor at Hoyes Michalos and has over 20 years of experience helping people with financial difficulty. She's also an expert on credit reports. On today's show we also discuss the problem with "free" credit reports.

Divorce can be expensive. In my experience, it's also one of the many causes for insolvency. The reason for this is when you are living together, you only have one bill for rent, cable, and utilities, but two incomes. You are in a better position to save money. When you separate, suddenly all these expenses become yours. What's more, if it's not an easy separation and lawyers are involved, it can cost tens of thousands of dollars. It's no small expense and it's often funded through debt. But, is it possible to have an affordable divorce? Do you need a lawyer for the entire process? What if you're on amicable terms? My guest today suggests there is an alternative to costly divorce: mediation. Colette Fortin is a mediator with Fairway Divorce Solutions in Kitchener. She helps people who are facing a separation develop a plan for their finances and children, with a focus on reducing cost and saving time. According to Colette, the reason why a traditional divorce can be so expensive is because of how much longer it takes to reach an agreement, so on today's show she explains the alternatives to a costly legal process.

Once upon a time, if you had a lot of credit card debt and owned a home, you could get a second mortgage to consolidate and pay off your debt. Interest rates were low and home values were rising. You could borrow against your home equity and pay down your unsecured debt affordably. But interest rates are rising. What's more, in some areas now, home values are declining. Mortgage rules are becoming stricter which means more people are being turned down for a second mortgage and the cost of borrowing is getting higher. On today's podcast Ted Michalos explains this alternative to refinancing with a very expensive second mortgage.

As a Licensed Insolvency Trustee, I'll always advise that you prioritize debt repayment. Why is it important to pay off debt first? So that you are no longer burdened by it. While that is the most prudent course of action, not everyone wants to wait until they are debt free before pursuing their dreams. For example, if you are a recent graduate, you might not want to delay starting a business until you've paid off all your debt. This is exactly the decision that my guest, Alex Grodnik, made. Still owing $75,000 in student loan debt, he left a stable job to follow his passion. But, should you follow in his footsteps? Alex says it depends on the kind of person you are and if you're willing to take risks. More on Alex's story, and some practical advice, on today's podcast.

Money management is hard. That's why so many people don't do it. Over the years at many credit counselling sessions with clients I've explained budgeting, and spreadsheets, and budgeting apps, and lots of other techniques to manage money. Some of my clients love the process of recording every transaction. Others, not so much. So, what can you do if you want to keep track of your money, but don't have the time or the inclination to keep a spreadsheet or spending journal? You cheat. By cheat, I don't mean "act dishonestly", I mean "avoid something undesirable by luck or skill", like eating healthy to "cheat" getting sick. On today's podcast I give my thoughts on how to manage your spending without a budget, and I explain how the 80/20 rule, known as the Pareto principle, can be used in all areas of money management, and in life.

I've said it before: when it comes to credit rating agencies like Equifax or TransUnion: You are not their customer. You are their product. Your data and loan history are for sale to any lender who is willing to pay for the data. But what if this could be flipped upside down? What if you could own your own credit history and control who gets to see it? Well, our guest today says that can be made possible with the power of blockchain technology. Derek Silva is the head of community relations at Bloom Protocol. Bloom is an end-to-end protocol for identity verification, risk assessment, and credit scoring and it runs entirely on the blockchain. Is it possible that Equifax will be replaced by Blockchain technology? That's our discussion today on Debt Free in 30.

In our latest bankruptcy study, we discovered that over the last 5 years women have been filing for bankruptcy in higher numbers. In 2012, 42% of women filed insolvency and by 2017 that number reached 48%. But, it's not that women are suddenly using more debt. What we've noted from our client data is that female debtors face a unique set of challenges that drive women to turn to debt to makes end meet and then prevent them from being able to keep up with their debt repayment. For example, two thirds of women are either single or divorced and struggle to manage expenses on a single income. Moreover, women earn 9% less than male debtors and are also 3 times more likely to be a single parent than a male debtor. This is what our average female client looks like. But, why is it that women are increasingly finding themselves in trouble with debt? What can they do to better tackle debt problems in addition to other life challenges? Sharing their expertise today are guests Gail Vaz-Oxlade, Kerry K. Taylor, and our Trustee in the Oshawa office, Alison Petrie, with co-host Sharon Hoyes. Gail Vaz-Oxlade agrees with our findings that women's life circumstances are completely different from that of men's. That's why she suggests women need a different approach to money: We need to be far more vigilant about what we're doing because we're going to have to live on whatever we save for a lot longer time. So, how can women protect themselves in life emergencies? According to our experts, preparation for sudden life changes is key. Gail believes women need to change their mindset of being caretakers of everyone else and not themselves. She suggests that although there may be love and trust in a marriage, there's no downside to having "his and her" accounts: If you end up getting divorced, if your husband ends up getting smashed to pieces on the highway, you will be so glad you have money in your own name. I don't understand why that is a problem. And if you're a stay-at-home mom, Gail says you should pay all the bills and whatever money is leftover should be split 50/50 between husband and wife. Kerry Taylor seconds this and believes women should try and "disaster-proof" their lives: Just because I know bad stuff happens to good people all the time and you need to account for the future as well as the present. All that and more on today's podcast

How can you find a good place to rent, even if you have damaged credit? Today's guest runs her own property management company, and she gives us the inside scoop on how to find a good place, and how to convince the landlord to rent to you.

Credit card fraud affects many stakeholders. It's damaging not only to consumers, but also to merchants and financial institutions. In addition to losing money, credit card fraud can ruin a customer's relationship with a retailer as well. But with advancements in card security like having a chip and PIN, how does fraud continue to be such a big problem? How can Canadians protect themselves? What can retailers do to limit their losses? Those topics and practical advice on today's show.

At the end of last year, Ted Michalos and I predicted three types of bankruptcies we expected to see more of in 2018: People will be denied for debt consolidation and refinancing. Ontarians will be dealing with lower home equity and as a result, end up filing for more proposals We will see crypto-currency related bankruptcies in the New Year. To review those predictions now that the year has started and to share his insight, I'm joined today by our Manager of Consumer Insolvency, Scott Terrio. We'll look at issues like whether the new mortgage rules impede Canadians' ability to consolidate their debt and what impact home prices will have on insolvencies.

Household debt to income levels in Canada continue to rise. We now owe $1.71 for every dollar earned. But, with no shortage of experts discussing the risks of high debt and how to repay it, why is it that we continue to spend? Why do we find it so hard to say 'no'? Are we just comfortable with debt now, as a society? To discuss these questions, I'm joined today by a panel of experts: Gail Vaz-Oxlade, Kerry K. Taylor, and Robert Brown. Using their years of experience and insight, we dig into why it seems no one is listening to debt warning signs. First off, should we even worry about debt? Let's say I'm someone who owns a home in Toronto. It's worth a million dollars today. My mortgage on the house is $500,000 and I make $250,000 because I'm a lawyer. My personal debt ratio is 2:1. But, that's not a big deal because the debt to income ratio includes mortgage debt. So, does it even matter if I owe so much? According to Gail Vaz-Oxlade, yes, it still does: When you are in debt, what you have done is eliminated your options. Gail says that in everyone's life, rain falls. So, if you have no savings, and are over-extended on your mortgage, you won't have choices to make other than to service your debt. For Kerry Taylor, debt not only reduces your options, but it reduces your ability to stay healthy because of the added mental stress. So, yes, having debt matters. If having debt matters, why do we keep owing so much? Robert Brown argues the reason for high debt could be that people tend to make money decisions based on their "now situation," but don't consider what could happen in their future, like a job loss, or a rise in interest rates: What if they tighten up mortgage regulation rules? Well they have...and all of a sudden, a situation that was barely, barely manageable not by a reasonable standard but at least somewhat manageable becomes unmanageable because they had absolutely no room to move. What Robert is referring to is called "present bias." Kerry explains: We look at our present self and we live in the present. We don't really have the ability to look into the future and see how those present decisions such as spending money, eating poorly, not exercising will play out in the future. Lots more discussion on today's show.

Talking real estate isn't a first for the Debt Free in 30 podcast. We've had many experts like Hilliard Macbeth, Ben Rabidoux, and Alex Avery provide their insight on whether renting is better than buying and vice versa. But we've never had the most obvious guest to talk real estate: an actual realtor. On today's show, we're chatting with Scott Ingram. Scott's not just a realtor, though. He's also a Chartered Professional Accountant. But what really sets him apart is that he likes to empower his buyers by educating them. On today's show Scott Ingram tells us how many realtors there are in Toronto (it's a huge number), and he tells us what real estate statistics we should watch, and which ones we should ignore.

In early February, we released updated research that shows 3 in 10 Ontario insolvencies involve payday loans. Payday loans have been a fairly popular discussion in 2018, as the Government of Ontario changed laws lowering the cost of borrowing for these types of loans and the City of Hamilton stepped in to be the first municipality in Ontario to limit the number of payday loan locations. Yet despite all the warnings and changes, payday loan use among our clients is on the rise. Why aren't these changes working? Why are indebted Ontarians in fact taking out bigger and bigger loans from payday loan companies? To answer these questions and discuss the unintended consequences of recent changes to the payday loan industry, I talk with my co-founder and fellow payday loan antagonist Ted Michalos.

On more than one occasion, we've said that compound interest is great for savings, but terrible for debt. On today's show, Ted Michalos shares a simple math trick to help you easily calculate the impact interest has on the debt you carry. The trick is called the Rule of 72. You take the number 72 and you divide it by the interest rate that you're considering. Why does this matter? We explain on today's podcast.

With the launch of the new PC Optimum program, we're taking the opportunity to examine just how Canadians can make the most of loyalty cards and points programs. While there are advantages to in-store reward programs, if you're not careful, they can actually cause you to overspend. Our special guest host on today's podcast, Sharon Hoyes, talks with our guest, Kimberly Hill, about how to use loyalty programs wisely to balance your budget.

Trying to make debt an everyday topic is difficult. What's more, most people who are in my line of work have an accounting background. As such, there's a tendency to be more numbers-focused than say, story-telling, for example. But a year ago, I came across an individual on my Twitter feed, who was commenting on personal finance issues and the sorts of situations that my clients face. He's even got an impressive social media follower base because of it. His name is Scott Terrio. He's a regular contributor to Macleans, BNN, and many more media outlets. I'm happy to share that he's also the newest member of the Hoyes Michalos team. Scott is our new Manager of Consumer Insolvency and he's our guest on today's podcast, as we talk debt.

You hear the stories about the person who paid off $100,000 in debt in just 3 years; sounds great, but how did they do it, and is that realistic for the average person? The short answer is no, if you earn $25,000 per year it is mathematically impossible to pay off $100,000 in three years, but you do have options, which we discuss on today's show.

If you think your finances are under control because you're keeping up with minimum monthly payments on credit card debt, think again. To become debt free, you need to pay down more of your balances. How do minimum payments work and why do they keep you in debt? And what do you do if all you can afford are the minimum payments or less? We discuss that on today's podcast.

We hear the same thing repeatedly. If you rent, you're throwing away your money. Why? Because you have nothing to show for it at the end of the month. On the other hand, if you own your home, you're paying down your mortgage and building equity. But is this true? Why can't you build wealth by renting? Today's guest thinks you can. Some points to consider, according to Alex Avery: It's not one-size-fits-all. Buying isn't for everyone. Neither is renting. Consider how long you expect to be in a particular location. If you have precarious employment, or know that a job will be moving you to another location, renting is a more suitable choice. On the other hand, if you know exactly where your life will be in the next 10 years and you'll have children, who will go to school, then it's probably better to invest in a home. When making the decision to rent or buy, don't forget all the negative carrying costs of owning and selling a home. Count that against your 'investment' decision. Be aware of you biases that might make you want to scale up, buy more, renovate more. Alex uses the term investment creep to explain this bias. Understand how the pro ownership lobby can influence your decision - from the government, to real estate agents, even your friends talking around the dinner table. Don't be persuaded by someone else giving you advice that reflects their objectives, not yours.

Because it's not the level of debt that causes the problem necessarily. It's whether or not you can service it. On show #174, we gave the example of someone with a $500,000 mortgage and 25-year amortization. If the interest on it went from 3.29% to 4.29%, the monthly payment would go from $2,400 to just over $2,700. That's about an 11% increase. On today's show we discuss which debts should you pay first, and how to make that decision.

What will happen in 2018 that could water the seeds of a financial crisis? Ted Michalos and Doug Hoyes believe there are three big stories to watch in 2018: Minimum wage going up in Ontario from $11.60 to $14.00, effective January 1st. This means any employer that is already marginal or has very tight margins is probably going to employ fewer people. Debt. According to the Canadian Payroll Association's September 2017 survey, 49% of Ontarians are living paycheque to paycheque and 43% of them save less than 5% of their earnings. Canadians are also the most indebted in the world by at least one measure, as household debt is more than our GDP. Real estate value and mortgage interest rates. The Bank of Canada predicts that 47% of Canadian real estate mortgages will renew in 2018 and a lot of people are going to be facing an increase because rates are higher than they were a year ago. For more insight and detailed breakdown of our predictions for 2018, tune into the podcast.

On today's podcast we explain how, even though your house may have increased in value, if you don't have enough cash to meet your monthly expenses, you are house rich but cash poor. We give four tips to avoid being house poor. The most important tip: decide what kind of life you want, and use that decision to decide on the house you really need.

Every year, the focus of the holiday season is on consumerism and the need to spend money on the perfect gifts, the perfect decorations and creating the perfect dinner. And every year, Canadians end up spending too much money, putting them at risk for financial difficulties once the holiday season is over. On today's show we rebroadcast a podcast from 2015 where my guest is Heather Cudmore, who at the time was the manager of Credit Counselling at Carizon Family Services in Kitchener, and is now a credit counsellor in the Hoyes Michalos London office. Heather has lots of great advice on how to make a memorable Christmas, without spending a lot of money.

Should you ever loan money to family and friends? It's a tough question. Some of you might say, "sure, why not?" And others might think, "Maybe just to family." Well, if you do decide to loan money, I'd recommend asking yourself this question: Do I have to borrow money to do it? If you do have to borrow to help, you shouldn't loan money… even if it's to family and even if they say they'll pay you back. Now I realize that sounds harsh, but it's in your best interest to not get yourself into financial trouble. On today's show I discuss why you should never loan money to family and friends, and I explain how you should help them if they are in need.

On today's show, I review 10 personal finance books that would make great gifts and/or would be a great start to your own personal finance library. All 10 books are listed below, with the time stamp from the podcast, if you wish to jump ahead and listen to my comments on a particular book: General Money Management The Wealthy Barber Returns by David Chilton (2:35) Wealthing Like Rabbits by Robert Brown (3:20) 397 Ways to Save Money by Kerry K. Taylor (9:40) Stop Over-Thinking Your Money by Preet Banerjee (11:06) Debt-Free Forever by Gail Vaz-Oxlade (11:54) Protecting Your Money – A Guide to Identity Theft and Fraud by Kelley Keehn (14:24) Real Estate When the Bubble Bursts by Hilliard Macbeth (19:32) Burn Your Mortgage by Sean Cooper (23:26) Retirement Victory Lap Retirement by Jonathan Chevreau and Mike Drak (27:19) Thinking Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman (28:48) Of course, I am also quite proud of my own book, Straight Talk on Your Money, which I discuss briefly at the end of the show.The first five books on the list are great for all age groups. Books #6 and #9 are particularly good for either seniors or adult children of seniors, and book #10 is great for anyone who wants to take a "deep dive" into how our brains work. I hope you enjoy the list!

Have you ever wondered why a credit card isn't called a debt card like it should be? Think about it. That's what a credit card really does – it gives you debt. Well, I'll tell you why. Because it's not good marketing. And credit card companies know this. In Myth 4 of my book, Straight Talk on your Money, I point out that financial institutions know we are guided by our emotions. Banks and credit card companies have manipulated you into thinking that credit is good, and they do it constantly. Credit can also be used to describe a source of pride or honour like, 'you are a credit to your family.' Here's another example: "I'm a good person because I have a high credit score." How many times has been idea been shared? That maintaining a good credit score means you're responsible with your money and you're not a reckless spender. I disagree. Although my focus today isn't on credit scores - I already discussed that on my podcast a couple weeks back, episode 167 - I will say that a credit score, which should (once again) really be called a debt score, is another example of using positive language (aka good marketing) to make us think differently about financial concepts than we're supposed to. Calling it a credit card does not change the fact that it is really a debt card. Personally, I'd rather be blunt with these terms. All I'd really like to accomplish is to have you consider being more honest about the terminology too. See how it affects your decision-making. I share more details on why words matter in this podcast and why financial institutions benefit from their manipulation.

On today's show we discuss the different forms of income that can be garnisheed (or not). Here are the types of income, with the time stamp if you want to fast forward to that section: Wages – 3:21 Ontario Works – 8:31 Disability Pension – 9:58 ODSP – 10:00 Retirement Pensions – CPP – 12:36 OAS – 13:35 Basic Income – 19:19 Full links to all legislation mentioned in the show are on our website at https://www.hoyes.com/blog/wage-garnishments-what-income-can-be-garnisheed/

How important is your credit score? In my book, Straight Talk on Your Money, on page 48 I discuss the "Credit Score Scam", and on page 52 I say that you should not focus on your credit score. (Apparently I'm not a fan of credit scores). It was those passages from the book that prompted Ross Taylor, a mortgage broker, to email me and say: I noticed when reading your book we do not completely agree on the importance of one's personal credit history. I emailed Ross back and said "great, come on the podcast and let's discuss it!", and that's exactly what we do on today's show. My view is that credit scores are for the benefit of the bank, not you. I explained this in a past post Why our credit reporting system is broken. Credit scores are a tool to help a lender decide how much money to lend you. A person who has never borrowed money but has $1 million in the bank may not even have a credit score. A person who has five credit cards and owes money on each of them may have a high credit score, because they are servicing their debt. So to get a high credit score, you need to borrow money. In many cases that's a bad idea, and that's why I don't believe in making a high credit score your top financial priority. While Ross Taylor doesn't necessarily disagree with any of those comments, as a mortgage broker he also knows that to get the best rate on a mortgage, you need a clean credit report, and a high credit score. That's why he believes you should pay attention to your credit history, and take steps to improve your credit score. In his words you need to look at: Your score, your history, the content and what comprises it.re Which approach is correct? Are we both right? You be the judge.

November is financial literacy month in Canada, and for the seventh straight year the government will encourage Canadians to: take concrete actions to better manage their money and debt, including making a budget, having a savings plan and understanding their financial rights and responsibilities. So, the solution to all of our financial problems is to make a budget. I disagree. In my experience, budget's don't work for most people, because they don't stick to them. They get discouraged, and they end up worse off than before. I've talked a lot about what I believe is a better alternative to budgeting, and on today's show I'll give a better alternative to how we are currently promoting financial literacy.

Registered Disabilities Savings Plans are geared towards helping families and individuals who are living with a disability. RDSPs can only be setup for someone who is eligible to receive the Disability Tax Credit. If this is for your child, you can only begin making contributions after your child is diagnosed with an eligible disability. This is one of the main reasons RDSPs aren't as commonly used, or as frequently discussed. On this week's podcast we're welcoming back Alan Whitton, the voice behind the Canadian Personal Finance blog. This is a subject close to Alan as he and his wife found themselves having to set up an RDSP for their son. After familiarizing themselves with the ins and outs of the Disability Tax Credit, they sought help from their doctor to obtain it. On today's show we discuss how they work, who is eligible, and what happens if you have an RDSP and file bankruptcy.

Everyone thinks that a house provides both stability and financial security, but on today's show, we'll explain why that is not always the case. It is true that if you live in the same home for many years, you have stability. But there are significant costs to owning a house. You pay real estate commissions when you move, but you also pay a penalty to break a fixed mortgage. As we explain on today's show, the penalty for breaking your mortgage can be a lot higher than you expect. The big banks have found a loophole that allows them to charge a bit Interest Rate Differential penalty, even when rates are rising, and if house prices are not increasing, the penalty to break your mortgage and closing costs can eliminate the profit on your house. Before you buy a house and sign up for a five year mortgage, be sure that you are not likely to need to move for five years, and confirm that you can afford to pay all of the costs of living in your house (since costs are more than just a mortgage payment).

In some cases it is your fault, if your debt was a result of reckless spending but, in my experience, most people get into trouble because "life happens". Many of my clients have debt problems caused by a job loss, or reduced income, or a life event like a relationship break-down or a medical condition that forces them to take time off work. On today's show we hear the story of Mary, how has debt problems. I'll leave it to you, the listener, to decide if her problems are her fault, or if there was anything she could have done to prevent her money problems.

There are recent interest rate increases from the Bank of Canada that will affect many Canadians. But the question of the day is: Do you know how a 1% interest increase will affect your budget? Today's guest is here to discuss just that. Brent Hughes and his team discovered that there are two times throughout the life cycle of a mortgage that people receive professional advice: the beginning, and the end. His company Monitor my Mortgage helps give people the information they need to make the right choices between years 1 and 30.