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Show Notes
When I was young,
小时候的我
I had one wish:
一直有一个愿望
that the sun could shine at night
如果太阳在晚上
as well as day.
也能亮起该多好
I'm Liz
我是栗子
Today I'll try to realize
今天来动手实现
my childhood dream.
这个童年愿望
In Dunhuang, Gansu,
在甘肃敦煌
super mirror has turned
一座超级镜子已经让
my dream into reality.
“复制”太阳成为现实
Today, let's replicate this mega project.
今天我们一起来复刻一下这个超级工程
Duplicating a sun for the nighttime
把太阳“复制”到晚上
means capturing the sun's energy
那就是收集太阳的能量
and releasing it at night.
到晚上再释放
We need to
那么我们需要
collect the energy,
收集能量
store the energy,
储存能量
and release the energy.
最终释放能量
When it comes to collecting solar energy,
说到收集 没有什么
mirrors are key.
比镜子更适合的了
The mirror reflects the sunlight
通过镜子的反射
onto a milk powder can
阳光汇聚到这个
filled with water,
装入水的奶粉罐上
thus creating enough energy to boil the water
集中热量把水烧开
and generate enough steam.
产生足够多的水蒸气
The steam will spin a small fan,
我们就可以推动小风扇
turning a small motor,
连接小马达
and completing the transition
最终完成从
from solar energy, to mechanical energy,
太阳能再到机械能
to electrical energy.
再到电能的转化
Let's first paint the milk powder can
我们把奶粉罐刷上
with black, heat absorbing paint
黑色的吸热涂料
to help it gather heat.
帮助更好地吸热
Now we add water to it
现在我们给它加水
and seal it up,
然后把它密封起来
leaving only a small exit.
留一个小孔
Then we fix the can
把奶粉罐固定到
at the center of the platform.
平台的最中心
The steam will escape from the exit,
水蒸气从小孔冒出
and blow through the fan blades.
吹动风扇叶片
If the light bulb is lit,
只要灯泡亮起
our experiment succeeds.
我们的实验就成功了
To make the most of the sunlight,
为了充分利用太阳光
we need every mirror to
我们需要每一面镜子反射的
concentrate reflected light on the can.
光斑汇聚到奶粉罐的表面
In reality, the sun keeps moving.
实际上太阳光是会移动的
So we need to adjust the platform,
我们需要调整平台的角度
and mirrors can keep reflecting the moving light
来保证镜子能够自然地
onto the surface of the can.
把太阳光捕获到罐子上
Now we leave everything
剩下的就交给
to the sun and time.
太阳和时间了
The blades have moved a bit
它（风扇）因为水蒸气变得多
with more steam coming out!
而开始进行缓慢的转动
Now the fan is spinning faster and faster.
现在它转得越来越快了
Let's check out the bulb.
我们看下灯泡的情况
Oh, the bulb is lit!
灯泡已经亮了
This means our experiment
说明我们290面的小镜子
to light up a bulb with 290 mirrors is successful!
发电的实验已经成功了
We can light a small light bulb
这290面镜子
with 290 mirrors.
可以点亮一个小灯泡
What if we had 12,000 mirrors?
如果我们有1.2万面镜子呢
This super mirror power plant
这个位于甘肃戈壁滩上的
in the Gobi Desert of Gansu
超级镜子才真正做到了
can truly duplicate a sun for night.
把太阳“复制”到晚上
This real super mirror
现实中的超级镜子
also has tools to collect energy,
同样有收集的工具
store energy
储存的容器
and release energy.
和释放的工具
Every mirror spans 115 square meters.
这里的一面镜子有115平方米
Around 12,000 mirrors make up
1.2万面镜子一共形成了
a mirror field of over 1.4 million square meters.
140多万平方米的镜场
A unique program is written for each mirror,
通过给每面镜子单独设定的程序
so they can automatically chase the sun
它们可以自动追逐太阳
and reflect the sun's rays to the
把太阳光反射到
heat absorbing section at top of the tower.
塔尖的吸热器上
This energy storing and power generating station
接下来 这个位于圆心的
at the center of the plant
储能发电装置 让超级镜子
stores and releases energy.
完成了能量的储存和释放
Instead of directly boiling the water
超级镜子不是直接
with solar energy,
用太阳能烧水发电
super mirrors have gathered energy
它聚焦的能量
first heat up a salt.
先是加热一种盐
The hot salt then exchanges heat with water.
再用烧热的盐与水完成换热
This special salt is called molten salt.
这种特殊的盐被称为熔盐
Molten salt keeps flowing
熔盐靠不停流动
to complete the task of storing energy.
来完成储存能量的任务
It flows to the top,
流动到塔尖
absorbs energy and heats up.
吸收能量升温
It flows down to the bottom,
流动到塔底
releases energy and cools back down.
释放能量降温
Because the molten salt
正是因为熔盐
can stay liquid
在一定温度区间之内
within a certain temperature range,
都能够保持流动状态
a temperature difference of nearly 300 degrees
接近300度的温度差
allows the super mirror to
让超级镜子实现了储能自由
store large amounts of energy.
让超级镜子实现了储能自由
Super mirror's capability
也是储能
to store energy sets it apart
让超级镜子与其他
from other clean forms of power generation.
清洁能源发电方式区分开
When the sun is shining,
太阳光充足时
super mirrors can store solar energy.
超级镜子将太阳能储存起来
When cloudy days persist,
碰上连日无光
the power plant can release energy at any time.
它又可以随时完成能量的释放
The energy is released in the same way
能量释放的过程跟我们
that we saw in the experiment:
在实验当中看到的步骤相同
heat from molten salt boils water,
熔盐释放的热量将水烧开
which drives a steam turbine
水蒸汽推动汽轮机
and generates electricity.
最终完成发电
In this way, the super mirror is like
这么看来 超级镜子就像是一块
a power bank gifted by nature.
大自然馈赠的充电宝
This power bank with 1,100,000 kWh power
这块充电宝有110万度电
can support a city of 180,000
可以供一个18万人口的城市
for two days.
使用两天
Asia's largest
这个亚洲最大的
molten-salt concentrated solar power plant
熔盐塔式光热电站
could annually yield
每年可以稳定输出
clean and adjustable electricity
清洁 可调节的电力
that equals to cutting down
相当于可以减少
350,000 tons of carbon dioxide emissions.
35万吨二氧化碳排放量
From Yumen in Gansu, Delingha in Qinghai
而在甘肃玉门 青海德令哈
to Hami in Xinjiang,
新疆哈密
in the vast Gobi Desert of northwestern China,
中国西北的茫茫戈壁中
tens of thousands of giant mirrors
还有几万面镜子完成着
are also "duplicating" the sun.
“复制太阳”的工作
Using science that we are all familiar with,
运用我们都熟悉的原理
the super mirror fulfills
超级镜子完成着我们
our childhood aspiration.
“种太阳”的童年愿望
It also helps China achieve its goal of
也帮助中国实现
peaking carbon emissions and
碳达峰 碳中和的目标
reaching carbon neutrality.
碳达峰 碳中和的目标
It is a mega project.
它是超级工程
It is from our everyday life.
它也来自于我们的生活