Causality

With demand for Asbestos in building products in the 1940s, a discovery in Western Australia's remote Pilbara region of Blue Asbestos led to the creation of a mining town called Wittenoom. Despite the growing list of illnesses and deaths of workers from the mine and milling operation, the company pressed on until it closed for 'financial' reasons. We look at the dangers of dust inhalation and try to determine if we have collectively learned anything from the disaster at Wittenoom.With John Chidgey.News Articles: Memories of Wittenoom Exposure to Asbestos Takes Its Toll CSR Still Fighting Closure of Wittenoom Wittenoom Riddled with Asbestos About Asbestos: Asbestos The Colours of Asbestos What Is Asbestos and Where Does it Come From? About Engineered Stone: Engineered Stone Fact Sheet Engineered Stone Ban General Information: Closure of Wittenoom Asbestos fiber length as related to potential pathogenicity Consequences of Wittenoom Silicosis and Black Lung Cases Rising Wittenoom Australian Blue Asbestos Selling the Wittenoom Dream Wittenoom Health Disaster Lang Hancock Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r', Steven Bridle, Kellen Frodelius-Fujimoto and Steve Branam.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, Shane O'Neill, Jared Roman, Katharina Will, Chad Juehring, Ian Gallagher and Jamie Russell.With thanks to Christian French for the topic suggestion.

A young company pushing to re-invent deep sea exploration with an initial focus on opening up tourism to the wreck of the Titanic, OceanGate garnered the fascination of many around the world. With a different approach to their hull design they forged ahead despite many warnings from experts in the field, concerned about their design decisions and materials choices. When the submersible imploded killing all five aboard including the company CEO, the experts were only surprised about how OceanGate had got as far as they had...before it all went horribly wrong.With John Chidgey.Formal Reports: NTSB Final Report (PDF) US Coast Guard Marine Board of Investigation Final Report (PDF) General Information: OceanGate Titan Submersible Implosion Antipodes Oceangate Cyclops 1 (PDF) OceanGate founder looks beyond Titanic to new deep-sea frontiers The Titan Tragedy: A Deep Dive Into Carbon Fiber Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r', Steven Bridle, Kellen Frodelius-Fujimoto and Steve Branam.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, Shane O'Neill, Jared Roman, Katharina Will, Chad Juehring, Ian Gallagher and Jamie Russell.

Planned for nearly a century, when the time came to build a permanent link across the Lower Yarra River, a relatively new style of bridge, the box-girder, was chosen. Using new computer technology assisting the engineers to design a bridge that was too complex to calculate by hand, and using a unique lifting strategy promised time and cost savings. Ultimately though when the pieces didn't fit together in the air, their attempts to make them fit, didn't work. We dive into what went wrong on Australia's largest ever industrial disaster.With John Chidgey.Formal Report: Victorian Royal Commission Report (PDF) Milford Haven Incident: Cleddau Bridge disaster General Information: Kentledge West Gate Tunnel Slide rule Box girder bridge Cleddau Bridge Widening the West Gate Freeway Melbourne October 15 Weather The West Gate Bridge Memorial Robbo Bennett’s Tribute How the West Gate Bridge collapse changed Melbourne 1970 West Gate Bridge Disaster West Gate Bridge Image Gallery The West Gate Bridge Collapse West Gate Bridge Under Construction, 1969 Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r', Steven Bridle, Kellen Frodelius-Fujimoto and Steve Branam.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, Shane O'Neill, Jared Roman, Katharina Will, Chad Juehring, Ian Gallagher and Jamie Russell.

A leaking flexible pipe started a fire in the Engine Room aboard the Carnival Triumph during its return journey from Mexico in early 2013. The fire caused minor damage in one, very important section of the Engine Room leading to a total loss of Mains Power. With only intermittent Emergency Power and over 4,000 people on board the ship drifted with the currents before it was tugged finally to safety. The Netflix Documentary 'Poop Cruise' looked at the human consequences...we dive into the engineering design that was inherently flawed from Day One.With John Chidgey.Formal Report: BMA Investigation Report (PDF) News Releases and Articles: Carnival Cruises issues statement Carnival Triumph set sail with problems Stricken cruise ship docks How Poop Cruise Crisis Reshaped Cruising General Information: Trainwreck Poop Cruise (Netflix) Failure Domain Cruise Lines International Association Understanding Cruise Passenger Rights Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r', Steven Bridle, Kellen Frodelius-Fujimoto and Steve Branam.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, Shane O'Neill, Jared Roman, Katharina Will, Chad Juehring, Ian Gallagher and Jamie Russell.

After an extended outage of the Methomyl Unit at the Bayer facility in Institute, West Virginia, the decision was made to commence a restart of the Unit even though the DCS upgrade was still incomplete and the newly replaced Residue Treater hadn't been fully recommissioned. An incident whose root cause was years in the making would ultimately cost two people their lives.With John Chidgey.Related Episodes: Causality Episode 26: Bhopal Formal Reports: Bayer CropScience Pesticide Waste Tank Explosion CSB Final Report (PDF) CSB Final Report News Release CSB Hearing Testimony (PDF) Public Meeting Transcript News Releases and Articles: Lawsuit links student’s death to ‘08 Bayer explosion Bayer Settles 2008 Fatal Plant Explosion Lawsuit Bayer cited, fined in fatal explosion at plant in August General Information: Bayer Insecticide Ovicide Organising for Safety: How Structure Creates Culture Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r', Steven Bridle and Kellen Frodelius-Fujimoto.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, Shane O'Neill, Jared Roman, Katharina Will, Chad Juehring, Ian Gallagher and Jamie Russell.

In the early hours of the evening on the 17th of April, 2013 in the small city of West, Texas...smoke was seen emanating from the West Fertilizer Company building. In 20 minutes there was a massive explosion that levelled the facility and its surroundings, killing 15 people and injuring hundreds more. How this came to be, represented a failure of regulations, planning and grandfathering on every level.With John Chidgey.Related Episodes: Causality Episode 44: Warehouse 12 Formal Reports: Preliminary Findings Chemical Safety Board (PDF) Final Chemical Safety Board Report (PDF) West Fertilizer Explosion and Fire CSB releases final report on West, TX blast News Releases and Articles: Fire that led to Texas fertilizer-plant explosion was deliberately set West Texas Plant Explosion Regulations: Code of Practice: Safe storage of Solid Ammonium Nitrate (PDF) General Information: West Fertilizer Company Explosion West, Texas Polyolefin Asphalt Shingle Ammonium nitrate | H3N.HNO3 | CID 22985 - PubChem This Month in Fire History: April 2024 City of West to Receive $10.4 Million in Lawsuit Settlement Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r', Steven Bridle and Kellen Frodelius-Fujimoto.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, Shane O'Neill, Jared Roman, Katharina Will, Chad Juehring, Ian Gallagher and Jamie Russell.

On Valentines Day in 1981 in the North of Dublin, Ireland a fire broke out in a nightclub just following a Disco Dancing competition. We look at how measures taken to prevent illegal entry and poor building material choices cost 48 young people their lives.With John Chidgey.Related Episodes: Causality Episode 43: Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Formal Reports: Report of the Stardust Victims’ Compensation Tribunal (PDF) Report of the Tribunal of Inquiry on the fire at the Stardust News Releases and Articles: Stardust: A timeline of the Tribunals, reports and inquests that led to this week’s verdict Stardust: Apology call after nightclub fire deaths verdict Stardust fire inquest of ‘paramount importance’ A grim uncertainty that haunts Stardust families Stardust: Apology call after nightclub fire deaths verdict How Did The Stardust Fire Start? Stardust 30 Years On Stardust Verdict How tragedy unfolded at a Valentine’s disco Irish government makes official apology The night that started like any other Law Society of Ireland Gazette Stardust nightclub was pretty horrendous fire risk Regulations: Fire Services Act, 1981, Section 37 The Public Dance Halls Act, 1935 on JSTOR General Information: Dublin Corporation Stardust Fire A History of the Fire Service in Ireland Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r', Steven Bridle and Kellen Frodelius-Fujimoto.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, Shane O'Neill, Jared Roman, Katharina Will, Chad Juehring and Ian Gallagher.With thanks to Aileen Brennan for the topic suggestion.

On the 20th of September, 2022 at the BP Husky Toledo refinery in Ohio, a level transmitter change out from a month prior triggered a chain of events that would cost two operators their lives. We look at how poor Management of Change, high alarm rates and a resistance to stopping the job, let a plant upset turn into a disaster.With John Chidgey.Formal Report: U.S. Chemical Safety Board Issues Final Report into Fatal 2022 Fire at BP-Husky Refinery Fatal Naphtha Release and Fire at BP-Husky Toledo Refinery (PDF) CSB June 2023 Investigation Update (PDF) CSB Comments on the OSHA September 20, 2022, Federal Register Notice (PDF) News Releases and Articles: BP Faces $156K OSHA Fine in Refinery Explosion BP accused of serious violations after fatal blast at US refinery General Information: Naphtha What You Need to Know About California’s PSM Regulation for Refinery Safety OSHA Penalties Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r', Steven Bridle and Kellen Frodelius-Fujimoto.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, Shane O'Neill, Jared Roman, Katharina Will, Chad Juehring and Ian Gallagher.

On Friday the 19th of July, 2024 millions of CrowdStrike Falcon Agents the world over would lead to a Windows system crash on business machines throwing parts of the world into chaos. We look into exactly what caused it and how complacency and a lack of understanding amplified the effect of this wholly preventable incident.With John Chidgey.About Causality (TV): Introducing Causality TV Causality TV Episode 1: CrowdStrike (Video Release) Formal Report: Falcon Content Update Preliminary Post Incident Report Channel File 291 Incident Root Cause Analysis (PDF) News Releases and Articles: CrowdStrike releases root cause analysis of the global Microsoft breakdown CrowdStrike Senior Executive Adam Meyers faces CyberSecurity Committee CrowdStrike exec apologises before US Congress for software glitch behind July global outage | Reuters 1 In 10 Orgs Dumping Their Security Vendors After CrowdStrike Outage General Information: CrowdStrike 2024 CrowdStrike incident What is CrowdStrike? Falcon Content Update Remediation and Guidance Hub Antivirus XML Configuration File for CrowdStrike Falcon Sensor Named Pipes Pipes (Interprocess Communications) Wildcard character Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r', Steven Bridle and Kellen Frodelius-Fujimoto.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, Shane O'Neill, Jared Roman, Katharina Will, Chad Juehring and Ian Gallagher.

In 2017 during an Odoriser decontamination procedure in West Virginia, two people were killed when it unexpectedly exploded. Barely a month later, a similar procedure at the same site led to a second explosion, killing someone else. We examine how poor hazard analysis and legal interference led to yet another fatality...right in front of the eyes of the investigators on site.With John Chidgey.Formal Report: Midland Resource Recovery Explosion Midland Resource Recovery Factual Update (PDF) Improving Reaction Hazard Management (PDF) News Releases and Articles: Chemical Tank Explosion in Barbour County Kills Two Employees Plus One Severely Injured One Dead After Another Explosion at Midland Resource Recovery Midland Resources Recovery Explosion Kills 2, Injures 1 McDonald Volunteer Fire Chief Laid To Rest After W.Va. Explosion Widow Blames Natural Gas Odorization Company for Husband’s Death CSB releases final report on explosions at Midland Resource Recovery Facility Midland Resource Recovery Explosion 2017 Second Fatal Explosion at Midland Resources Recovery General Information: About Midland Resource Recovery The Growing Importance of Mercaptans Sodium Hypochlorite (PDF) Principles of Natural Gas Odorization (PDF) Attorney-Work Product Privilege Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r', Steven Bridle and Kellen Frodelius-Fujimoto.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, Shane O'Neill, Lesley, Jared Roman, Katharina Will, Chad Juehring and Ian Gallagher.

In 2021 the Callide C Power Station experienced a unit failure that tore the turbine-generator apart, resulted in hundreds of thousands of premises losing power, and cost hundreds of millions to repair. We look at how design errors and ultimately a lack of information led to the incident escalating out of control, when it could have been recovered.With John Chidgey.Formal Reports: Callide Unit C4 Turbine Generator Failure 25 May 2021 (PDF) Animation of the Callide Unit C4 incident Trip of multiple generators and lines in Central Queensland and associated under-frequency load shedding on 25 May 2021 (PDF) News Releases and Articles: CS Energy releases report into 2021 Callide C4 Unit Failure CS Energy releases technical report into 2021 Unit C4 incident Dr Sean Brady to lead independent investigation into Callide incident Battery failure led to power plant mass outage Both units trip at Callide C on Wednesday 13th January 2021 Statement regarding IG Power Intergen voluntary administration Report says Callide C4 incident “could not have been anticipated” Callide explosion blamed on battery charger failure Callide Power Trading taken to court over system failure CS Energy says insurers won’t agree to $300m claim over power station Jim Soorley stands down from CS Energy CS Energy Post about Incident on LinkedIn Super-Critical Boilers: Super-Critical Boiler Technology (PDF) Supercritical Fluids Supercritical Coal Plants Electrical Engineering References: Hydrogen-cooled Turbo Generator Reverse Active Power Protection (ANSI 32P) Court Action: Alleged failure to obtain regulatory approval to operate a generating system Notice of Filing: Australian Energy Regulator v Callide Power Trading Pty Ltd (PDF) Coal generator to face court over blackouts caused by catastrophic explosion General Information: Callide Power Station Stanwell Power Station Tarong Power Station Callide Power Station CS Energy: Water Management NOTE: Minor Corrections in audio updated: 31st March, 2024 Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r' and Steven Bridle.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, Shane O'Neill, Lesley, Jared Roman, Joel Maher, Katharina Will, Chad Juehring, Kellen Frodelius-Fujimoto and Ian Gallagher.

In 2021 many of Colonial Pipelines IT systems were locked by malware and out of caution they shutdown the fuel pipelines feeding nearly half of the Eastern US leading to chaos at the gas pump and a state of emergency being declared. We look at how poor off-boarding hygiene led to an easily preventable cyber-attack.With John Chidgey.Hearing: Hearing Before the Committee on Homeland Security House of Representatives Transcript Threats to Critical Infrastructure: Examining the Colonial Pipeline Cyber-Attack (PDF) Charles Carmakal Statement from Hearing (PDF) General Information: Colonial Pipeline Colonial Pipeline Ransomware Attack How Three Major Cyber Attacks Could Have Been Prevented What IT security teams can learn from the Colonial Pipeline Evolution of the Chief Information Security Officer US Fuel Pipeline Hackers Statement DarkSide DarkSide Leaks Press Center (X) DarkSide Ransomware Gang Behind Pipeline Hack Quits TSA Renews Cyber-Security Guidelines for Pipelines DHS Announces New Cybersecurity Requirements for Critical Pipeline Owners and Operators Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration Emergency Declaration for 17 States Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r' and Steven Bridle.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, Shane O'Neill, Lesley, Jared Roman, Joel Maher, Katharina Will, Chad Juehring, Dave Jones, Kellen Frodelius-Fujimoto and Ian Gallagher.

The I35W bridge over the Mississippi River carried 140,000 cars every day. Inspections in 1999 and 2003 showed damage to support plates that was dismissed as unimportant at the time. We look into how poor design checking and assumptions led to the bridge collapsing in 2007, costing the lives of 13 people.With John Chidgey.This show is Podcasting 2.0 Enhanced Only a Handful of T-Shirts Left! Reports: Collapse of I-35W Highway Bridge Minneapolis, Minnesota August 1, 2007 (PDF) General Information: I-35W Mississippi River bridge URS Corporation Sverdrup & Parcel Gusset Plate Articles: Design errors factor in 2007 bridge collapse NTSB releases final report Despite final NTSB report, some still have questions Videos: Inside a Catastrophic Minneapolis Bridge Collapse (YouTube) Litigation: NTSB is wrong about cause of bridge collapse Last Minneapolis Bridge Collapse Lawsuit Settled For $52.4 Million Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r' and Steven Bridle.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, Shane O'Neill, Lesley, Jared Roman, Joel Maher, Katharina Will, Chad Juehring, Dave Jones and Kellen Frodelius-Fujimoto.With thanks to Joe Stariha for the topic suggestion.

Five months after Lion Air 610 crashed, another 737-MAX went down with a similar cause. However the official report was at odds with two other internationally respected investigative organisations. We dig into the detail of how the AOA Sensor was claimed to have failed, and review checklist discrepancies to extract fact from opinion as to what most likely triggered this horrible chain of events.With John Chidgey.This show is Podcasting 2.0 Enhanced Celebrating Causality’s 50th Episode!! Previous Episode: Causality Episode 33: 737 MAX Reports: EAIB: Aircraft Accident Investigation Report B737- MAX 8, ET-AVJ December 2022 (PDF) US Comments: ET302 Report March 2022 (PDF) US Comments: Response to EAIB Final Report (PDF) BEA: Accident du Boeing 737 immatriculé ET-AVJ et exploité par Ethiopian Airlines survenu le 10/03/2019 près de Bishoftu BEA: Incidents to the Boeing 737 - 800 registered F-GZHO operated by Transavia France on 07/02/2018 at Norwich (United Kingdom) and 08/02/2018 at Paris-Orly BEA: Incidents to the Boeing 737 - 800 registered F-GZHO operated by Transavia France (PDF) ICAO Annex 13: Aircraft Accident and Incident Investigation (PDF) General Information: Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302 Addis Ababa Bole International Airport Jomo Kenyatta International Airport Rotation (Aeronautics) Ground Proximity Warning System Boeing 737 MAX Groundings Federal Aviation Administration Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Aviation Financial Impact of the Boeing 737 MAX Groundings ICAO N1 and N2 March 10, 2019 Historical Weather at Addis Ababa Bole International Airport, Ethiopia ET-AVJ Flight Tracking and History Collins AOA Systems (PDF) Auto-Throttle and Auto-Thrust B737 Autothrottle (A/T) Normal and Non-Normal Operations Airworthiness Directives Articles: The BEA Weighs In: Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302 Controversy Surrounds Final Report on Ethiopian Air Flight 302 More Omissions In Ethiopian 737 MAX Report US NTSB Criticises Ethiopian MAX Report House passes bill to reform plane certification process after two Boeing 737 Max crashes Government of Canada introduces additional requirements to allow for the return to service of the Boeing 737 MAX - Canada.ca EASA Decision Not to Adopt FAA AD 2020-24-02 (PDF) Regulations: Aircraft Certification Reform and Accountability Act FAA Proposes New Policy that Would Fulfill One of the Key Requirements of the Aircraft Certification, Safety, and Accountability Act | Federal Aviation Administration Post MCAS Law Changes Boeing 737 Airworthiness Directives Airworthiness Directive 2018-23-51 (PDF) Airworthiness Directive 2020-24-02 (PDF) FAA: Boeing 737 MAX Reading Room Transport Canada: Boeing 737-MAX-8 Litigation: Boeing to pay more than $2.5 billion to settle criminal conspiracy charge over 737 Max Boeing Charged with 737 Max Fraud Conspiracy and Agrees to Pay over $2.5 Billion Boeing Directors Settle Shareholder Lawsuit Over 737 MAX Crashes For $237.5 Million Boeing: Directors to face investor lawsuit over fatal crashes Boeing, FAA slammed in House report over deadly 737 Max failures Boeing agrees deal with families of Ethiopia crash victims Boeing to compensate victims in Ethiopian Airlines 737 MAX crash Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r' and Steven Bridle.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, Shane O'Neill, Lesley, Jared Roman, Joel Maher, Katharina Will, Chad Juehring, Dave Jones and Kellen Frodelius-Fujimoto.

A fireworks company in Western Australia that had been in business for nearly a century, were preparing for a fireworks display in their packing shed when one ignited and set off a fire and an explosion. Onlookers were shocked when there was a subsequent explosion that was so big it was heard 30 kilometers away leaving the facility in ruins.With John Chidgey.This show is Podcasting 2.0 Enhanced Celebrating Causality’s 50th Episode!! Reports: Report of the investigation into the fireworks accident at Carmel, Western Australia (PDF) Fire and Explosions at a Fireworks Storage Depot (PDF) Links of Interest: Department of Mines, Industry Regulation and Safety Explosives Magazine Storage and Use Net Explosive Quantity Class 1 Dangerous Goods Explosive Substances and Articles Cardile Fireworks News Articles: Carmel fireworks incident report has global implications Perth fireworks factory explodes A Fireworks Factory Exploded In Perth’s Hills (VIDEO) About Pyrotechnics: The Illustrated Dictionary of Pyrotechnics (PDF) List of Pyro Chemicals and Terms Display Fireworks Glossary Pyrostar Glossary Fireworks Stars and Shells Garnitures All you wanted to know about fireworks fuses Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r' and Steven Bridle.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, Kevin Koch, Shane O'Neill, Lesley, Jared, Joel Maher, Katharina Will, Dave Jones and Kellen Frodelius-Fujimoto.With thanks to Heather Shaw for the topic suggestion.

When a radiation therapy machine was left behind during a move between buildings in central Brazil, it set in motion a series of events that would lead to one of the worst radiological incidents in history. We look into how bureaucracy and misdiagnosis cost four people their lives and how the actions of a concerned mother with no medical experience, saved the lives of countless more.With John Chidgey.This show is Podcasting 2.0 Enhanced Create your own Credited Soundbite Official Report: The Radiological Accident in Goiânia (PDF) Links of Interest: Goiânia Accident IGR - Instituto Goiano de Radiologia Teletherapy Capsule Becquerel The Goiânia Incident Caesium Gray Other Reports and Articles: The most rambling and insane nuclear accident in history (Italian) Doctors and the radioactive accident (Portugese) Notes on nuclear energy. What lawyers should know about nuclear technology (Spanish) Goiânia Brazil 1987 - Rick On Theater Caesium Radiation Goiania Brazil - 1102 The blue powder entranced…then it killed… The Response to Technological Accidents: The Case of Radioactive Accident in Goiania (PDF) (Portugese) News Articles: Victims of Radiation Ostracised in Brazil A Brazilian burglar stole a capsule… The Perception of Individuals Involved in the Accident With Caesium-137 Two Radiation Victims Die The Goiâna Incident - NCT Magazine Related Incidents: List of orphan source incidents Samut Prakan radiation accident Origin of Cobalt-60 traced to Delhi University 1962 Mexico City radiation accident Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r' and Steven Bridle.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, Kevin Koch, Shane O'Neill, Lesley, Jared, Joel Maher, Katharina Will, Dave Jones and Kellen Frodelius-Fujimoto.With thanks to Shane O'Neill for the topic suggestion.

The tallest building in Missouri with a large atrium perfect for big bands and dancing, hosted a regular Tea Dance in the summer of 1981. When two walkways collapsed killing over a hundred people, the investigators found multiple fundamental design errors. We look at how assumptions, redrafting conventions and negligence led to an incident that has become the case study in how not to do civil structural design.With John Chidgey.This show is Podcasting 2.0 Enhanced Create your own Credited Soundbite Links of Interest: Tea dance Fast-track construction Sheraton Kansas City Hotel at Crown Center Hyatt Regency Walkway Collapse Strength Requirements by Grades All Thread Rod Wide Flange Beam Dimensions Chart Obituary for Jack D. Gillum Hotel Horror from Kansas City History The Engineer of Record and Design Responsibility Engineering Analysis: Investigation of the Kansas City Hyatt Regency Walkways Collapse (Link to PDF) Understanding the Tragic Hyatt Regency Walkway Collapse Hyatt Regency Walkway Collapse 1981 Hyatt Regency Walkway Collapse The Hyatt Regency Disaster Revisited Hyatt Regency Walkway Collapse Ethics in Engineering Practice and Research by Caroline Whitbeck Chronology And Context Of The Hyatt Regency Collapse by Gregory P. Luth (PDF) News Articles: The Kansas City Hyatt Disaster 30 Years Later Collapse Did Not Involve Safety Violations Walkway Swayed To The Rhythm Of Dancers 18th July 1981 Hyatt collapse Hyatt Regency Skywalk Collapse Memorial Dedicated In 2015 1981 Hyatt Regency Walkway Collapse Hyatt Regency Collapse Remains Among The Deadliest In USA History Engineers Are Held At Fault In 1981 Hotel Disaster Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r' and Steven Bridle.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, Kevin Koch, Shane O'Neill, Lesley, Hafthor, Jared, Bill, Joel Maher, Katharina Will and Dave Jones.

The longest, tallest, fastest indoor rollercoaster in the world was only open six months when the last carriage of a train came loose, killing three people and all that the day following an inspection that the ride was safe to operate. We look at how a design choice made maintenance more critical and then how wishing for a ride to be safe, doesn't really help.With John Chidgey.This show is Podcasting 2.0 Enhanced Links of Interest: Mindbender Geoffrey Kulak (Archive.org) Mindbender (Galaxyland) Triple Five Group Roller coaster wheel assembly Bogie Schwarzkopf GmbH 6 Reasons Why Bolts Fail & How To Prevent It Testing for Amusement Rides and Theme Parks TÜV SÜD Videos: Tragedy on the Mindbender (Video) Mindbender Accident Inquiry - Film & Video Stock (Video) News Articles: Coaster Ride’s Mastermind Fired Roller-coaster goes at full tilt Mindbender 25 Years Later (Archive.org) Roller-coaster Derailment Kills Three Survivor of 1986 mall coaster crash wants memorial 3 Hurled to Death in Canada as Roller Coaster Derails in Mall Authorities today investigated a weekend triple-loop ‘Mindbender’ roller coaster 3 Killed in RollerCoaster Crash [Mall Owner Blames Manufacturer’s Defect for Roller Coaster Deaths (Dead Link)](LINK DEFUNCT “Original Link: https://apnews.com/8be3b0f7291c22472aa8c00790de1358") Rollercoaster Articles: 31 years ago today, the Mindbender rollercoaster at WEM crashed 10 Deadliest Roller Coaster Accidents List of incidents at independent amusement parks Amusement Ride Accidents The Mindbender Fantasy Roller Coaster Accident in Canada Worst Coaster Crash? Mindbender - Galaxyland - Roller Coasters Mindbender - Galaxyland Amusement Park American Dreier Looping Mindbender Edmonton (Archive.org) Schwarzkopf (Archive.org) Mindbender - Park Vault Anton Schwarzkopf Mindbender (Galaxyland) Legislature Assembly Minutes: 21st Legislature First Session Minutes (PDF) Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r' and Steven Bridle.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, Kevin Koch, Shane O'Neill, Lesley Law Chan, Hafthor, Jared, Bill, Joel Maher and Katharina Will.With thanks to Quinton Zaborski for the topic suggestion.

In 1977, a commuter train from the Blue Mountains, destined for Sydney central station would derail just before Granville Station, causing a bridge to collapse and crush many aboard. It remains Australia's worst ever rail disaster that was predicted by 11 engineering department heads just a year earlier. We look at how management decisions led to a completely avoidable disaster.With John Chidgey.This show is Podcasting 2.0 Enhanced Links of Interest: Granville rail disaster The Day of the Roses Public Transport Commission of NSW Granville Train Disaster (Archive.org) Turnouts CityRail Australia’s worst rail disaster The Granville Train Disaster Association Revisiting the Granville Train Disaster of 1977: Barry Gobbe Remembering the Day of the Roses Wheel was covered up (Archive.org) 45 years since Granville Train Disaster Granville Train Disaster Memorial Garden The rail disaster that changed Australia Mixed response as NSW Government apologises for Australia’s worst train disaster Granville Railway Disaster Granville train disaster: victims speak out Formal Investigation Extracts: Formal Investigation State Records Authority Report on the formal investigation Formal Investigation extract: Research Data Research Data Australia Search Informal Investigations: Permanent Way Institution Granville Search Granville: The Untold Story The Granville Train Disaster The Granville Disaster Video: Granville Train Disaster Documentary (Video) Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r' and Steven Bridle.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, John Whitlow, Kevin Koch, Shane O'Neill, Oliver Steele, Lesley Law Chan, Hafthor, Jared, Bill, Joel Maher and Katharina Will.

In Beirut in August of 2020, an explosion at the Port of Beirut destroyed a huge part of the city. We look into how an oxidising agent, improperly handled can become an explosive and attempt to comprehend how something so dangerous was ignored repeatedly by key people, despite many warnings of an imminent disaster.With John Chidgey.This show is Podcasting 2.0 Enhanced Links of Interest: 2020 Beirut Explosion Condensation Cloud Prill ANFO Ammonium Nitrate How an unscheduled port visit led to disaster Beirut Ammonium Nitrate Blast Government Amends Ammonium Nitrate Rules FBI probe shows amount of chemicals in Beirut blast was a fraction of original shipment Beirut Whistleblower Returns to Work Ideal Gas Law Gases, Liquids and Solids (PDF) Reports into the incident: Human Rights Watch (PDF) The Beirut Port Explosion, Forensic Architecture Video and Images: Video of Explosion 1 (Twitter) Video of Explosion 2 (Twitter) Video of Wilsons Cloud Ring (Twitter) Documentary: Beirut Blast: The Story Of Warehouse 12 (2021) Beirut Blast: The Story of Warehouse 12 (2021) - IMDb Ammonium Nitrate Information: Storage requirements for security sensitive ammonium nitrate (SSAN) | Resources Safety & Health Queensland Orica Mining Services, Report for Kooragang Island Uprate PHA MOD1 Report (PDF) Ammonium Nitrate Advisory USEPA (PDF) Orica ANFO MSDS (PDF) Support Causality on PatreonEpisode Gold Producers: 'r' and Steven Bridle.Episode Silver Producers: Mitch Biegler, John Whitlow, Kevin Koch, Shane O'Neill, Oliver Steele, Lesley Law Chan, Hafthor, Jared, Bill, Joel Maher and Katharina Will.