040 – Half-time in the investiture controversy
A History of Italy · Mike Corradi
January 3, 201917m 53s
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Show Notes
1077 - 1085 The investiture controversy heats up with an anti-king elected in Germany and an anti-pope elected by Henry IV who then take the fight against Gregory and Matilde down into Italy with the Normans of Robert Guiscard waiting in the wings.