The IDEMS Podcast

George and David discuss the next phase of work on Physiologically Based Demographic Modelling (PBDM), focusing on efforts to scale its application in agroecological systems in West Africa. They explore the challenges of building and deploying complex ecosystem models, the interdisciplinary collaboration required, and the long-term vision of integrating deterministic models with responsible AI to support decision-making, from policy to smallholder farmers.

Santiago and Kate explore the thinking behind organising the IDEMS podcast as it grows into a substantial body of work. They discuss the development of a microsite, including tagging and filtering systems to help listeners navigate diverse topics, as well as ideas like curated collections and favourite episodes. The conversation reflects on how to balance structure and openness, making the podcast more accessible while preserving its exploratory nature.

Santiago and David explore the gap in open GCSE and iGCSE textbooks, and the opportunity to build curriculum-aligned resources from existing open content. They discuss how tools like PreTeXt can enable “same content, different variants” across exam boards, with interactive technologies like STACK adding further value, and reflect on how current work is putting the structures in place for scalable, adaptable textbooks.

Lily and David continue their discussions on converting open textbooks into PreTeXt. They focus on the “Learning Statistics with …” ecosystem, where an original open book has spawned variants for R, JASP, Jamovi, CogStat, French, and potential new versions such as R-Instat. They explore how PreTeXt could better manage multiple independently maintained variants by identifying what differs, easing updates from a base text, and supporting responsible human ownership.

Lucie and David discuss the tension between two of IDEMS’ principles: being “collaborative by nature” and “enabling opportunity” for individuals. They contrast rising Western individualism with more community-focused African contexts where personal sacrifice can support collective coherence. They argue collaboration and individual success aren’t contradictory, citing Italian cooperatives, worker-owned factories, and the importance of compromise and recognising different needs to avoid extractive relationships. Can the same thinking be applied to technologies like AI?

Michele and David discuss humanoid robots, and argue the real question isn’t when they arrive, but how different societies will accept and use them. They push back on framing humanoids mainly as worker replacements, suggesting their biggest impact may be social—especially in contexts like Italy’s aging population and shrinking workforce, where care needs are growing. They explore whether “humanoid” matters at all versus simply being multipurpose and designed to complement human carers rather than replace them.

When does measuring the “wrong” thing produce better results than measuring the “right” one? Lily and David continue the mini-series on Research Methods Support for Climate Resilient Food Systems with a story about proxy variables from West African farmer trials: measuring millet head weight at harvest proved a more reliable proxy for grain yield than weighing separated grain later.

Learning doesn’t come through passive consumption of information, but through doing. In this episode, Lily and David discuss the integration of STACK exercises into the PreTeXt textbooks that Lily has been working on – take a look at some previous episodes for more details. What if open textbooks could share the same bank of deep, automated-feedback assessments across multiple versions and courses?

What if educational resources could be available in a limitless variety of variants, each adapted to the tools students actually use? In this episode, David talks to Lily about a project she has been working on to convert open statistics and data science textbooks into the PreTeXt format. The discussion highlights why PreTeXt’s semantic structure and separation of authoring from publishing enable systematic changes across a book, supporting making software-specific and software-agnostic variants to tailor the books to various contexts where different approaches are more valuable.

Following previous episodes on Kenyan maths textbooks, Santiago and David reflect on the project from IDEMS’ perspective. They discuss the rapid push to complete open Grade 10 mathematics resources, driven by urgent teacher needs under the new curriculum and growing interest from the Kenyan Ministry of Education and CEMASTEA. They outline the core tools: a PreTeXt textbook designed for multiple variants, minimal STACK integration for mastery-focused interactive questions and feedback, and Moodle courses that combine short teacher training with learning-objective-based topic courses and forums for peer exchange and certification.

How do textbooks function differently across educational systems, and what happens when those systems operate in low-resource environments? Following on from previous episodes on the CBC open textbooks project in Kenya, Lucie Hazelgrove-Planel and David Stern discuss textbooks more generally. They discuss the different roles textbooks play in different educational contexts, and how a lack of contextualisation can block learning. They consider how an open textbook model, where they can be adapted into different variants without requiring an entirely new publication, could revolutionise the way textbooks are produced and used globally.

Students are increasingly turning to LLMs (Large Language Models) to solve maths exercises and get feedback. In light of this, is there still a place for deterministic online assessment tools like STACK? In this episode, Michele and David argue that this problem is an opportunity for educators and developers to build better alternatives, potentially embedding generative AI features in STACK to provide a more interactive, conversational experience. They consider more generally how LLMs affect exams, curriculum decisions, and student motivation, noting uncertainty about future skills and warning against reactive curriculum changes while encouraging experimentation.

David interviews Michael Obiero on the challenges of implementing Kenya's new Grade 10 Competency-Based Curriculum, such as resource shortages and unprepared teachers. To address these issues, they are developing digital resources, online courses, and a teacher support platform. Their grassroots initiative aims to create community-driven, context-sensitive solutions with the help of volunteers and limited funding. By fostering peer-to-peer learning and collaboration among teachers, they seek to build a sustainable model for adapting educational resources to various contexts and improving math education outcomes.

Lily and David discuss the significant influence of data collectors on survey variability and data quality, using examples from West Africa. They highlight the importance of thorough enumerator training to address issues like inconsistent definitions of household size.

In this episode Lily and David delve into the ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) tables, focusing on the sum of squares. They discuss how it helps account for data variability, and the difference between sum of squares and mean squares. The episode also touches on the limitations of p-values and emphasizes the ANOVA table's value as a descriptive tool, particularly in enhancing research methods in West Africa.

Lily and David discuss the application of ANOVA in agroecology research, focusing on its historical roots and its use as a descriptive tool. They emphasize the importance of understanding the degrees of freedom in the ANOVA table, highlighting its impact on effective data analysis and model fitting. This episode is part of the celebration of 20 years of research support in the region, showcasing the value of statistical methods in enhancing research outcomes.

Lily talks with Roger about an agricultural experiment in West Africa that revealed the impact of termite mounds on crop yield data. The discussion focuses on handling unexplained variability and the importance of recognizing outliers. Roger explains the necessity of removing certain plots to reduce data variability and achieve clearer results.

In this episode, Lucie and David discuss the complexities of sampling in research. They explore common misconceptions, and introduce three levels of sampling complexity. The episode highlights the necessity of understanding population structure and the compromises involved in effective sampling.

In this episode, Santiago and David delve into David's experiences at the Joint Maths Meeting. They highlight talks on applied category theory, reflecting on the importance of adapting presentations to different audiences. David shares insights on the role and impact of math camps in low-resource environments, comparing them to similar US-based initiatives. The discussion also covers innovative uses of AI in math education, including AI-driven assessments, and reflects on the collaborative and learning opportunities provided by large math conferences.

In this episode, Santiago and David discuss David's insightful experiences at the Joint Mathematics Meetings (JMM) in the U.S. They explore the significance of collaboration, the role of open educational resources like WeBWork, and the challenges and opportunities in both high-resource American universities and low-resource environments.

Lily and David discuss the nuanced distinction between managing and leading. They compare structured roles to leadership that emerges naturally, and consider leadership as servitude, given versus taken leadership, and the inverted pyramid approach that supports team members to take ownership and grow.

Lily and David discuss IDEMS' guiding principle of embracing diversity. They explore the benefits and significant challenges of this principle, including personal experiences and the organisation's journey. Despite difficulties, they highlight how diversity has strengthened IDEMS, providing adaptability and unique learnings, making IDEMS stronger as an organisation.

This is a follow-up to episodes 216 and 223, it is recommended to listen to those first. In this episode, Santiago and founding director David consider the nuances of achieving personalised education through the five quiz model. They highlight the importance of community involvement and localised context in creating adaptive, relevant learning experiences.

In this episode, Lily and David discuss transforming challenges in low-resource educational environments into opportunities. David shares his experiences in leveraging limited funding and facilities, advocating for individual initiative, and generating agency among students and staff.

In this episode, Santiago and David discuss the idea of personalised education within standardised education. They explore the challenges and opportunities of using adaptive learning technologies to customize educational materials for individual needs to thrive in standardised systems. They also touch on the historical context and future potential of educational tools.

Lucie and David discuss a $7,000 grant from Float, funding internships to support tech projects in West Africa and Kenya. The initiative will advance community tech in agroecology and prepare for a larger $45,000 workshop, emphasizing IDEMS' focus on capacity building and collaboration.

In this podcast episode, Santiago and David discuss IDEMS’ strategy for sustainable growth through Social Enterprise Impact Bonds. They revisit the concept of 'fundamentally profitable', emphasizing the need for financial sustainability to support impactful projects. The conversation highlights their unique funding model, offering ethical and secure returns for investors, aimed at fostering social impact while avoiding high-risk ventures.

Lucie and David discuss their recent workshops in Niger, Burkina Faso, and Mali, focusing on teaching effective research visualizations to diverse stakeholders within the Global Collaboration for Resilient Food Systems. They highlight the importance of visual storytelling, the challenges faced, and the inspiring engagement of local teams.

How can we transform complex data into understandable information? In this episode, Lily and David discuss the concept of factors in data analysis. They consider the historical context of factors, their importance in grouping data, and how they revolutionise statistical thinking.

How can we incentivise student learning? Santiago and David discuss various educational technologies and innovations, focusing particularly on SmileyCoin and the SmileyTutor system from Iceland. David shares insights from his collaboration with Gunnar Stefánsson, who developed a unique system that uses multiple choice questions to enhance student learning, and integrates a cryptocurrency designed to incentivise learning by rewarding students financially.

Santiago and David provide an in-depth look at PreTeXt, an open-source authoring tool designed to separate the roles of authors and publishers. David recounts his early interactions with PreTeXt founder Rob Beezer and discusses the evolution and principles behind the tool. They highlight the importance of modularity, separating content from presentation, and emphasize the tool's relevance for creating interactive, adaptable educational resources. The discussion also touches on PreTeXt's integration with other tools like STACK and the broader vision of combining multiple open-source technologies to address diverse educational needs.

Santiago and David discuss the innovative “five quiz” model – an educational framework designed to improve student learning outcomes. Conceived during the pandemic, this model includes five types of quizzes: prerequisites, instructional, mastery, testing, and extension quizzes. Santiago and David explore how this framework, originally conceptualised for online courses, addresses various educational contexts and learning needs, from low-resource environments to high-resource institutions like Caltech.

Lily and David Stern discuss the history and impact of Computer Assisted Statistics Textbooks (CAST), developed by New Zealand lecturer Doug Sterling. The discussion highlights the interactive and assessment-driven nature of CAST, recounting how its use in Kenyan classrooms led to significant improvements in student performance. They reflect on the technological challenges that led to CAST's decline and extract key lessons for designing sustainable educational resources.

What happens if statistics teaching starts from data rather than methods? In this episode, Lily and David explore the idea that statistics education should prioritise data analysis over traditional methods-first approaches, discussing the benefits and challenges of this paradigm shift. Highlighting examples from New Zealand's education system and their own experiences, they argue that a data-first approach can provide more practical and widely applicable skills for students, despite the structural challenges it may pose.

For those unfamiliar with STACK, consider searching the podcast backlog for previous episodes on the subject. In this episode, Santiago and David discuss the latest developments with STACK in Africa. They highlight various recent developments, including: tailored data course trainings in Niger, Burkina Faso, and Mali; the inaugural African official STACK conference set for 2026 in Kenya; the establishment of an African STACK Center at Masinde Muliro University; impressive outcomes from the use of STACK in Kenyan schools and technical colleges; the new PreTeXt textbook initiative for Ethiopian universities, impacting over 4,000 students; and additional efforts in Namibia, Tanzania, Somalia, and South Sudan.

Michele Pancera and David Stern critically discuss a recent Google paper on AI-augmented textbooks. They consider the paper's proposal of AI-generated personalised learning materials and how it compares to existing deterministic tools like STACK. The conversation highlights the differences between surface-level and deep personalisations, the importance of human involvement in AI processes, and the potential of AI in supporting teachers and enhancing education systems globally. They explore the vision of a customisable, community-driven textbook ecosystem that leverages AI to reduce educational inequalities while maintaining high-quality human interaction. Access the paper from Google here: https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.13348

Lily and David discuss the often misunderstood concepts of “open” and “open source.” They discuss the origins of these terms within the programming community and how they have expanded into areas such as open data, open science, and educational resources. The conversation focuses on the various types of licenses, including Creative Commons, and their implications for use and reuse.

In this special two-year anniversary episode David and Kate reflect on their journey, from improving audio quality to hosting more expert guests. They explore the essence of IDEMS' work, emphasizing the combination between the IDEMS Collaboratory and CommonTech, as a breakthrough in IDEMS’ narrative, highlighting the challenge of communicating a complex, collaborative vision.

In this episode, Santiago and David delve into the two of IDEMS’ staffing principles: Individual Initiative and Collective Responsibility. They discuss how these principles support a culture where team members can take initiative while sharing responsibility collectively. Highlighting real examples, they introduce a recent breakthrough in implementation of these principles in the form of a tool designed to visualise and manage these principles effectively.

Michele and David discuss the Turing test, and its relevance today. They explore various philosophical questions about intelligence, the limitations of the Turing test, and the ethical dilemmas posed by AI, particularly in the context of self-driving cars. David emphasises the vital role of human observation in the Turing test and expresses skepticism about society's ability to make responsible choices regarding AI regulation.

Michele and David discuss the impact of AI in low resource environments. They discuss the complexities surrounding AI technology, the hype versus the actual value, and the potential for AI to either widen or reduce global inequalities. They consider the need for robust infrastructural and social frameworks, the promise of small language models, and the importance of local ownership in AI development.

Lily and David explore a powerful framework for data analysis: Explore, Describe, Present. They discuss the importance of exploring data to understand its structure, describing data in the context of specific objectives, and effectively presenting insights to various audiences. Highlighting the challenges of modern data analysis, including the role of AI and the influence of tools like the tidyverse and R-Instat, they emphasise the need for structured approaches to make sense of complex datasets.

David talks to Rikin Gandhi from Digital Green to discuss the organisation's innovative approach to integrating AI with farmer support systems. They discuss Digital Green’s approach to working with AI, including the importance of human-in-the-loop systems, the benefits of using multimodal inputs like voice, text, and images, and the advantage of open-source data for tuning AI models to meet local agricultural needs. They also explore the potential and challenges of leveraging small language models to provide tailored support to farming communities and the critical role of local expertise in enhancing AI's effectiveness.

David and Kate delve into the ongoing AI boom, questioning whether it's mere hype or has real substance. They explore the ethical and responsible use of AI, emphasizing the importance of making technology accessible and beneficial to low-resource communities. They argue that small language models could provide specific, efficient solutions. The conversation also touches on the societal impacts of AI, the need for regulatory frameworks, and the potential for AI to democratize technology, moving away from its current gatekept state.

David and Mike discuss Kenya's new competency-based curriculum and a UK-backed campaign to create innovative digital textbooks. They delve into the challenges and potential solutions, highlighting the role of PreText and STACK technologies in revolutionizing education across Africa. https://www.crowdfunder.co.uk/p/open-digital-textbooks

In this episode, Michele and David discuss the development and impact of an AI tool for authoring STACK questions. They explore the potential of AI to enhance educational resources, make technology development more accessible, and address inequalities in low-resource environments. The conversation highlights both the opportunities and challenges presented by rapid advancements in AI.

Recently back from the World Statistics Congress, David and James reflect on the significance of this event, which brings together statisticians and the broader statistics community to share knowledge, foster collaborations, and advance the field. They discuss the evolving relationship between statistics and data science, highlighting the importance of both fields in the era of big data. They also explore the role of the International Association for Statistical Education (IASE) and the International Statistics Institute (ISI) in enhancing statistical education and integrating data science into curricula.